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Wisdom and Torah Supplements to the Journal for the Study of Judaism

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Wisdom and Torah Supplements to the Journal for the Study of Judaism Wisdom and Torah Supplements to the Journal for the Study of Judaism Editor Benjamin G. Wright, III Department of Religion Studies, Lehigh University Associate Editors Hindy Najman Department of Religious Studies, Yale University Eibert J.C. Tigchelaar Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies, KU Leuven Advisory Board a.m. berlin – k. berthelot – r. bloch – g. bohak – j.j. collins – j. duhaime – k. hogan – p.w. van der horst – o. irshai – a.k. petersen – s. mason – j.h. newman – m.r. niehoff – m. popović – i. rosen-zvi – j.t.a.g.m. van ruiten – m. segal – j. sievers – g. stemberger – l.t. stuckenbruck – j.c. de vos VOLUME 163 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/jsjs Wisdom and Torah The Reception of ‘Torah’ in the Wisdom Literature of the Second Temple Period Edited by Bernd U. Schipper and D. Andrew Teeter LEIDEN • BOSTON 2013 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Wisdom and Torah : the reception of “Torah” in the wisdom literature of the Second Temple period / edited by Bernd U. Schipper and D. Andrew Teeter. pages cm. — (Supplements to the Journal for the study of Judaism ; Volume 163) “The present volume presents papers which were given at an international symposium at Humboldt-universitat zu Berlin in September, 2011”—Introduction. Includes index. ISBN 978-90-04-25332-2 (hardback : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-90-04-25736-8 (e-book) 1. Wisdom literature—Criticism, interpretation, etc.—Congresses. 2. Bible. Old Testament—Criticism, interpretation, etc.—Congresses. 3. Apocryphal books (Old Testament)—Criticism, interpretation, etc.—Congresses. 4. Judaism—History—Post-exilic period, 586 B.C.–210 A.D.—Congresses. I. Schipper, Bernd Ulrich, 1968– editor of compilation. II. Teeter, David Andrew, 1976– editor of compilation. BS1455.W554 2013 221.6—dc23 2013025138 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface. ISSN 1384-2161 ISBN 978-90-04-25332-2 (hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-25736-8 (e-book) Copyright 2013 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers and Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. CONTENTS Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 Bernd U. Schipper and D. Andrew Teeter The Blinded Eyes of the Wise: Sapiential Tradition and Mosaic Commandment in Deut 16:19–20 ........................................................... 9 Reinhard Müller Law and Wisdom according to Deut 4:5–8 ............................................. 35 Thomas Krüger When Wisdom Is Not Enough! The Discourse on Wisdom and Torah and the Composition of the Book of Proverbs ..................... 55 Bernd U. Schipper Job in Conversation with the Torah .......................................................... 81 Markus Witte “Fear God and Keep His Commandments”: Could Qohelet Have Said This? ...................................................................................................... 101 Stuart Weeks Yahweh’s Torah and the Praying “I” in Psalm 119 .................................. 119 Karin Finsterbusch Half Way between Psalm 119 and Ben Sira: Wisdom and Torah in Psalm 19 .............................................................. 137 Anja Klein Torah and Sapiential Pedagogy in the Book of Ben Sira ..................... 157 Benjamin G. Wright III “Wisdom” and “Torah” in the Book of Baruch ........................................ 187 Sebastian Grätz vi contents Wisdom and Torah at Qumran: Evidence from the Sapiential Texts ................................................................................................................ 203 William A. Tooman Torah, Wisdom, and the Composition of Rewritten Scripture: Jubilees and 11QPsa in Comparative Perspective ............................... 233 D. Andrew Teeter Rewriting Torah in the Hebrew Bible and the Dead Sea Scrolls ...... 273 Reinhard G. Kratz Nόμος and Nόμοι in the Wisdom of Solomon .......................................... 293 Joachim Schaper Afterword: Wisdom and Torah: Insights and Perspectives ................. 307 Bernd U. Schipper Contributors ...................................................................................................... 321 Index of Primary Sources .............................................................................. 323 INTRODUCTION Bernd U. Schipper and D. Andrew Teeter The present volume presents papers which were given at an interna- tional symposium at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin in September, 2011.1 The symposium was funded by the German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) in the framework of the DFG-project “Discursive Wisdom.” The symposium had as its central aim to bring together scholars representing a diverse range of approaches, interests and specializations within the study of Hebrew Bible and early Judaism to think deeply about the relationship between “wisdom” and “Torah” within a select network of texts, and in so doing to work across the de facto disciplinary boundaries that tend to assert themselves between traditional biblical studies and the study of the literatures of Second Temple Judaism outside of the canoni- cal boundaries. These pragmatically determined dichotomies between biblical studies and, say, Qumran studies, tend to obscure the profound continuities that exist between the formation of scriptural compositions and the thought forms, interests, concerns, and orientations represented in other literature of the period. Indeed, not to take this wider, reciprocal picture into account is to invite distortion. This is particularly the case when considering the topic to which this symposium and the result- ing volume is dedicated, for the complex and multifaceted relationship between “wisdom” and “Torah” is not one that originated in Jewish litera- ture during the Hellenistic period. A proper assessment of the manifold relationships that obtain between “wisdom” and “Torah” in the post-exilic period has fascinated and vexed generations of interpreters. In view of the undeniable centrality of these concepts within the thought and literature of late Second Temple Judaism, 1 The makeup of the present volume differs from the symposium itself insofar as it does not include contributions by three participants (Bernard Levinson, “Reception History as a Window into Composition History: Deuteronomy’s Law of Vows as Reflected in Qoheleth and the Temple Scroll”; Kent Reynolds, “Ps 119: Who Can Say ‘I Have more Discretion than My Teachers’?”; and Udo Rüterswörden, “Spruchweisheit und kasuistisches Recht,” whose paper was read in absentia), and in that it includes contributions from four scholars who, for various reasons, were not present in Berlin (Karin Finsterbusch, Sebastian Grätz, Rein- hard Kratz, and Joachim Schaper). 2 bernd u. schipper and d. andrew teeter the question of their relationship is increasingly one of determinative importance. On the one hand, scholars have emphasized the immense significance of the rise of Torah, variously understood, for the social and religious development of Second Temple Judaism, for the composition of biblical literature, and for the nascent formation of canon. On the other hand, the decisive importance of wisdom traditions for each of these same categories has become ever clearer. The intersection of these two complex and multifaceted concepts, “wisdom” and “Torah,” therefore proves to be a crucial nexus for understanding late post-exilic Jewish thought and liter- ary production. The essays of present collection aim to contribute to understanding this key relationship by focusing attention once more on specific instances of the reception of “Torah” in Wisdom literature and the shaping of Torah by wisdom. Each author has undertaken to gauge this relationship in a key passage, book, or set of texts, and has attempted to relate this to the broader picture. Two lines of investigation are pursued. The first two essays contain an examination of the changing concepts of wisdom and Torah in their interrelationship found within various literary strata of the book of Deu- teronomy itself. Taking this as a point of departure, the remainder of the book examines the relationship between wisdom and Torah in Wisdom literature of the Second Temple period, including Proverbs, Qohelet, Ps 19 and 119, Baruch, Ben Sira, Wisdom, sapiential and rewritten scrip- tural texts from Qumran, and the Wisdom of Solomon. In his article “The Blinded Eyes of the Wise,” Reinhard Müller examines Deut 16:19–20 as a test case for the determining the relationship between wisdom and Torah in the book. Müller argues that this text both takes up sapiential tradition regarding the self-acquired skill necessary for lead- ership,
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