45371-007 July 2017

Madhya Pradesh Irrigation Efficiency Improvement Project (RRP IND 45371)

Initial Environmental Examination

Project No.: 45371-007 July 2017

India: Madhya Pradesh Irrigation Efficiency Improvement Project

This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Project Number: 45371-007 July 2017

Madhya Pradesh Irrigation Efficiency Improvement Project

Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)

For Water Resources Department Madhya Pradesh

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 1 July 2017)

Currency Unit – Indian rupee (₹) ₹1.00 = $0.015477 $1.00 ₹64.612

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB - Asian Development Bank MPIEIP - Madhya Pradesh Irrigation Efficiency Improvement Project BOD - Biological Oxygen Demand COD - Chemical Oxygen Demand CCA - Cultivable command area CPCB - Central Pollution Control Board DSC - Design and Supervision Consultant EARF - Environment Assessment and Review Framework EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EMP - Environmental Management Plan EPC - Engineering Procurement and Construction ESMC - Environmental and Social Management Cell ES - Environmental Specialist FGD - Focus Group Discussion FRL - Full Reservoir level HSMP - Health and Safety Management Plan IEE - Initial environmental examination INR - Indian Rupee KIP - Kundalia Irrigation Project LGC - Local Grievance Committee GRC - Grievance Redress Committee MOM - Minutes of Meeting MLD - Million Liters per day MoEFCC - Ministry of Environment and Forests and Climate Change NGO - Nongovernment Organization NMP - Nutrient Management Plan NOx - Nitrogen oxide PIU - project implementation unit PM - Particulate Matter PMC - Project Management Consultant PMU - project management unit PPE - Personal Protective Equipment PUC - Pollution under Control Certificate REA - Rapid Environmental Assessment SC - Scheduled Caste SO2 - Sulphur Dioxide SPL - Sound Pressure Level SPS - Safeguards Policy Statement SS - Safeguards Specialist

ST - Scheduled Tribe

NOTES

( ) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.

Contents I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Background 1 B. Purpose of IEE 2 C. Objective 2 D. Scope of Work 2 E. Approach and Methodology 2 F. Report Structure 3 II. POLICY LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 3 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 7 A. Project Overview 7 B. Project Location 7 C. Project Components 10 D. Project Implementation Schedule 10 IV. DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE DATA) 12 A. Physical Resources 12 1. Atmosphere 12 2. Ambient Air Quality 12 3. Ambient Noise level 13 4. Topography 13 5. Soils 13 6. Surface Water Quality 14 7. Groundwater Resources 15 8. Groundwater Quality 15 9. Fluorosis problem in the Project area 16 10. Geology 17 11. Seismology 17 B. Ecological Resources 17 1. Forests 17 2. Near Kundalia Village (site one) 18 3. Near Payli Village (site two) 19 4. Near Ramgarh Village (site three) 19 5. Biodiversity 19 6. Wildlife 20 7. Aquatic biology 21 8. Fisheries 22 9. Rare & endangered species 22 10. Protected areas 22 C. Economic Resources 22 1. Land use 22 2. Agriculture 22 D. Social and Cultural Resources 28 1. Population 28 2. Occupational Profile 28 3. Educational facilities 28 4. Health facilities 29

5. Historical \ Archaeological Sites 29 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 30 A. Screening of Impacts 30 B. Categorization of components 30 C. Incremental Environmental and Social Benefits 31 D. Potential Environmental Impacts & Mitigation measures 32 E. Potential Impacts of Associated Facility 33 VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 34 VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION 36 A. Process for Consultation 36 B. Disclosers during the Public Consultation 37 C. Future Consultation and Information Disclosure 37 D. Grievance Redress Mechanism 38 1. Composition and functions of GRC 40 2. Approach to GRC 40 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 41 A. Mitigation 41 B. Environmental Monitoring Plan 53 C. Implementation Arrangement 54 1. Institutional Requirements 54 2. Capacity Building 55 3. Training and Capacity Building 55 D. Environmental Budget 57 E. Environmental Monitoring and Reporting 59 IX. CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS 60

ANNEXURES

Annexure 1: Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist 61 Annexure 2: Plant Species Reported in the Kundalia Project Area 63 Annexure 3: Potential Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures for Components Proposed under Kundalia Irrigation Project 67 Annexure 4: The Kundaliya Major Multipurpose Project as the Associated Facility 101 Annexure 5: Minutes of Public Consultation Meetings 113 Annexure 6: Pest and Nutrient Management Plans 140

TABLES Table 1: Environmental Regulatory Compliance for the Kundalia Irrigation Project ...... 4 Table 2: Existing Cropping Pattern KIP (Average of Last 5 years)...... 23 Table 3: Details of crop yield in Project area ...... 24 Table 4: Details of source of irrigation in Project area ...... 27 Table 5: Details of Livestock in Project Area ...... 27 Table 6: Demographic Profile of Project Area ...... 28 Table 7: Details of Occupational structure in Project area ...... 28 Table 8: Details of Educational facilities in Project area ...... 29 Table 9: Details of Health facilities in Project area ...... 29 Table 10: Categorization of Project components ...... 31 Table 11: Analysis of No Project versus With Project Scenario ...... 34 Table 12: Analysis of flow irrigation versus pressurized irrigation ...... 36 Table 13: Construction Camp Plan ...... 42 Table 14: Selection criteriafor construction camp/site locations ...... 45 Table 15: Waste Management Plan ...... 46 Table 16: Construction Plants & Equipment Management Plan ...... 48 Table 17: Measures at Plant Site ...... 50 Table 18: Health and Safety Management Plan (HSMP) ...... 51 Table 19: Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 53 Table 20: Training Modules for Environmental Management...... 55 Table 21: Environmental Budget ...... 58 Table 22: Procedures & Indicators for NMP ...... 142

FIGURES Figure 1: Location Map of the Kundalia Irrigation Project ...... 8 Figure 2: Layout Map of the Kundalia Irrigation Project ...... 9 Figure 3: Distribution of crop area under Kharif season ...... 23 Figure 4: Distribution of crop area under Rabi season...... 23 Figure 5: Distribution of area under Horticulture Crops ...... 24 Figure 6: Grievance Redress Mechanism in MPWRD ...... 39

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

2. The project on completion will provide irrigation over a CCA of 125,000 ha with 20 million cubic meters (MCM) of water for meeting domestic water requirements in 419 villages, 84 MCM of water for meeting industrial water requirements. It also enabled upliftment of urban population living in small to medium size town, clusters of Rajgarh and Agar districts. This project will help to generate permanent employment potential to the large agricultural laborers and check the migration. Increased agricultural activities and production will also generate multiple type of indirect employment facilities e.g. workshops, food processing units, transportation, etc.

3. The main source of water for the Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP) funded by the MPIEIP will be from the reservoir built as part of the Kundalia Major Multipurpose Project (KMMP). Under the KMMP, the dam is constructed in the Kalisind river in the lower Chambal basin. The KMMP involves construction of 2,655-meter earthen dam on river Kalisind, near Balaheda Village of Zirapur Tehsil, Rajgarh District. The dam will support reservoir with gross storage capacity 582.75 MCM, which will be used to irrigate 125,000 ha of CCA with initial coverage 60,000 ha CCA, and to provide 100 MCM domestic and industrial water for neighboring villages in Rajgarh District. Due to the availability of funding, the Madhya Pradesh Government has funded only construction dam and reservoir since 2015 and expected to be completed by 2018. Therefore, under ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 (SPS), the KMMP dam and reservoir is treated as the associated facility for the MPIEIP.

4. The due diligence was undertaken for the associated facility, and found that the environmental management plan (EMP) for the KMMP that has been approved by the Ministry of Environment and Forests and Climate Change (MOEFCC) of the Government of India and covers comprehensively suitability measures to address its environmental impacts and consistent with ADB SPS requirement. There are no additional measures needs to be included in the MPIEIP to address KMMP.

5. The KIP under the MPIEIP includes the following components: (i) piped distribution system, and distribution chambers; (ii) pumping stations, pumping substations, valves and control system and its power supply system including transmission/distribution line and switch gear. (iii) other supporting structures/facilities like pipe fabrication plant, and (iv) access and service roads for all project facilities.

6. The project has been categorized as B as per the Rapid Environment Assessment (REA) in accordance to the ADB SPS. Therefore, this Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) has been prepared to address the potential impacts, in line with the recommended IEE content and structure for Category B project.

7. Objective of the IEE is to (i) avoid adverse impacts of projects on the environment and affected people; (ii) minimize, mitigate, and compensate for adverse project impacts on the environment and affected people; (iii) identify mitigation measures; (iv) formulate a grievance redress mechanism (GRM); and (v) formulate environmental management plan including monitoring plan.

8. This IEE has been prepared for the KIP. IEE is based on a review of project site plans and reports; field visits, collection of primary and secondary data to characterize the environment and identify potential impacts; and interviews and discussions with stakeholders. The IEE has been prepared in accordance with ADB SPS. The study area for IEE covering CCA of 125,000 ha spread over in four blocks that is two blocks (Zirapur and Sarangpur) of Rajgarh District and two blocks (Susner and Nalkheda) of Agar District and the area required for project component.

9. The KIP area experiences semi-arid climate characterized by hot summer, pleasant cold winter and general dryness throughout the years, except during monsoon season. There are no major sources of air and noise pollution in the project area. The soil type in the command area is mixed red and black as per the general classification. Apart from domestic sources, there are no other sources of water pollution in the KIP area. Groundwater is over exploited & fluoride affected and having concentration in groundwater more than 4 milligrams per liter (mg/l). The area of the KIP forms the northern most part of the peninsular shield of India, which is characterized by a complex geological setup with numerous faults, fractures and weak zones. It is observed that a 3.6 magnitude event has occurred 28.1 kilometers (km) from the Kundalia dam site during February 1996. No other event has been recorded within 100 km from the project area.

10. There is no forest area existing in the KIP area. The type of vegetation in the area depends on the climate, and soil type. As per International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) status, the species in the KIP areas belong to least concern category. There is no rare and endangered species, protected, sensitive sites are reported in the area.

11. The major land use category in the KIP area is barren land, as it accounts for about 42.02% of the total area followed by agricultural land (39.39%). The area under vegetation is 8.03%. Scrubs and grassland account for about 9.58%. Settlements and water bodies account for 0.04% and 0.94%. Soybean (24.4%) and Wheat (24%) dominate the existing cropping pattern of the proposed KIP. After soya bean and wheat, the area occupied by gram is 7.7%, Spices (4.6%), Oranges (4.2%), Maize (3%), Kharif pulses (1.1%), Vegetables (1.8%), Sorghum (1%). The presence of other crops is insignificant. The major source of irrigation in the command area is groundwater which accounts for about 78.78% of the total irrigated area. Hand pumps irrigate about 9.9% of the irrigated area and about 3% of the area is irrigated by ponds. The fertilizer and pesticide use in the project area districts is quite low. The total livestock which includes cow, buffalo, sheep, goat, horse, donkey excluding poultry in the project area tehsils is 118,912. The dominant livestock in the project area tehsils is cow (45.1%), followed by buffalo (32%).

12. The total population of the project area is about 6.53 lakhs. The percentage of Scheduled Caste (SC) population in Zirapur and Sarangpur is 19.47% and 19.78% respectively. Similarly, percentage of SC population in Susner and Nalkheda is 25.34% and 25.04% respectively. The percentage of Scheduled Tribe (ST) population in Zirapur and Sarangpur is 0.67% and 6.41%, respectively. Similarly, percentage of ST population in Susner and Nalkheda is 2.92% and 8.16% respectively. The literacy rate in Susner tehsil is 54.37% and in Nalkheda, it is 56.27%. The literacy rate in Zirapur block is 43.65% and in Sarangpur, it is 51.57%. The literacy rate as observed from Table-6 is quite low, and is an indicator of socio-economic backwardness of the area. It is observed that total main workers in the project area are 327,765 accounting for about 50.21% of the total population. The remaining (49.79%) is the dependent

population. Educational facilities i.e. primary schools (792) middle schools (341), secondary school (50), senior secondary school (26) are available in whole project area. Access to the health care facilities in the KIP area is extremely poor. There are 5 hospitals, 17 Ayurvedic Hospitals and 10 primary health centres. No archeological \ historical monument or sites are present in the Project area.

13. Potential environmental impacts have been assessed and are presented in a manner that shows magnitude and duration of a particular impact. Adverse environmental impacts may arise due to certain planned activities, like disposal of excavated material during laying of pipeline and installation of pumping stations, valves and control system and support structures, fabrication plant for pipeline. These impacts can be minimized and avoided by various mitigation measures through proper planning in design, during construction and operation stage.

14. Public consultations conducted in the KIP at two places Susner and Zirapur one is located in the Agar Malwa District and another in Rajgarh District, respectively. These public consultation meetings held after duly informing the group of stakeholders including local communities, civil society, government and local bodies, and villagers. Project activities and their potential impacts have been discussed during public consultation to receive the perception and observations of affected peoples about the project and their observations/suggestions for inclusion in the project report.

15. All the potential impacts identified due to proposed project activities are temporary and insignificant likely to be localized and will occur over a relatively short period during the construction period. However, as precautionary measures some EMPs like construction camp plan, waste management plan, construction plan and equipment management plan and health and safety management plan have been formulated as a part of environmental mitigation and management plan which are common for all the activities and need to be included in the contract document. With strict adoption and enforcement of these mitigation measures, all these impacts can be avoided and minimized. The contractor shall abide by all existing environmental regulations and requirements of the local level, State Government of Madhya Pradesh and Government of India, during implementation and compliance with all mitigation measures and monitoring requirements set out in the EMP and environmental monitoring plan.

16. The project is planned to execute through design–build–operate (DBO) model. The Water Resources Department Madhya Pradesh (MPWRD) is the executing agency. The project management unit (PMU) have been established for the overall project management and the project implementation unit (PIU) will be established at the project site (Zirapur) for effective implementation of the project. One Environmental and Social Safeguards Specialist (SS) will be appointed within the PICU, and one Environmental and Social Safeguards Specialist (SS) will be appointed in the PIU. These are responsible for overall management implementation of the resettlement and environmental safeguard provisions and assist in monitoring impacts and mitigation measures associated with project.

17. Monitoring implementation of mitigation measures will be done by the Contractor; and over all regulatory monitoring of the environmental issues to be done by the PMU Environmental and Social Specialist. The monitoring carried out by the contractor through the approved agency will be supervised by the Safeguard Specialist of the PIU. The proposed monitoring of all relevant attributes such as construction wastes disposal, dust suppression, ambient air quality, water quality, noise levels, supply of personal protective equipment (PPE), establishing Medical facilities, Accident record, Post construction clearance of site with a description of the sampling stations, frequency of monitoring, and responsible agencies are presented in monitoring plan.

18. The Environmental Specialist of the PMU and PIU will provide the basic training required for environmental awareness followed by specific aspects of KIP along with environmental implication. Specific modules customized for the available skill set will be devised after assessing the capabilities of the members of the Training Programmer and the requirements of the project. The entire training would cover basic principles of environmental assessment and management; mitigation plans and programmers’, implementation techniques, monitoring methods and tools. The PMU will monitor and measure the progress of EMP implementation. PIU will submit the quarterly monitoring and implementation reports to PMU. The PMU will submit semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB and will be disclosed in the ADB Website. ADB will review project performance against the MPWRD’s commitments as agreed in the legal documents.

19. GRM is formulated for affected person at three levels viz. Local Grievance Committee (LGC), Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) at PIU, GRC within Environmental and Social Management Cell (ESMC) at PMU. Affected person/aggrieved party can approach to GRC for redress of his/their grievances through Web/ Telecom/through implementing Community-Based Prominent Persons. LGC includes Community Based Prominent Persons Line Agency,

20. The IEE concluded that potential impacts from this project can be offset through provision of proven mitigation measures during the design and adoption of good engineering practices during construction and implementation. The EMP provides mitigation of all identified impacts and the contract clauses for the environmental provisions. Further, the proposed designs have been consulted with the stakeholders. The effective implementation of EMP will be important part for the success of the project

21. The IEE shows that there is no outstanding environmental issue, and therefore, the EIA is not warranted. No significant issues were reported which required redress in terms of environmental safeguards.

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Background

1. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is supporting the Madhya Pradesh Irrigation Efficiency Improvement Project (MPIEIP) that will achieve high irrigation efficiency and water productivity in two large irrigation schemes in Madhya Pradesh, India. The Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP), which was planned as 100% pressurized pipeline distribution system for 125,000 hectares (ha) cultivable command area (CCA) primarily through sprinkler technique; and the supply of water for potable and industrial use. The KIP components will include (i) piped distribution system; (ii) pumping stations, pumping substations, valves and control system and its power supply system including transmission/distribution line; (iii) other supporting structures/facilities like pipe fabrication plant, and supporting facilities, and (iv) access roads for all project facilities. The MPIEIP will finance the development of the KIP.

2. The Kundalia Major Multipurpose Project (KMMP), which will be the main source of water for the Kundalia irrigation network constructed by the MPIEIP is treated as an “associated facility” under the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 (SPS). The KMMP of the State Government of Madya Pradesh is located in the lower Chambal Basin. The KMMP involves construction of 2,655 meters (m) of earthen dam on Kalisind River, near Balaheda Village of Zirapur Tehsil, Rajgarh District. The dam will support reservoir with gross storage capacity 582.75 million cubic meter (MCM), which will be used to irrigate 125,000 ha of CCA with initial coverage 58,000 ha CCA, and to provide 100 MCM domestic and industrial water for neighboring villages in Rajgarh District. The dam and reservoir require 7,610.27 ha, of which 680 ha forest land, 2,338 ha revenue land, and 4,592 ha private land.

3. As there is no protected area involved, the KMMP does not need a clearance from the National Board of Wildlife but requires only environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change (MOEFCC). The MOEFCC clearance for KMMP including irrigation works for 25,000 ha CCA was granted on 14 January 2015. The state government has started with KMMP since 2015. Due to the availability of funding, the state government has focused on dam and reservoir construction works but the construction of irrigation network has been detached from the initial construction work of KMMP. The MPIEIP will finance the KIP only. As per the ADB SPS this project is categorized as B project for environment safeguard requirement. Therefore, Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) has been prepared and conducted in accordance to ADB SPS. This IEE assesses the KIP and specifies measures towards addressing the impacts. The IEE is based on a review of project site plans and reports; field visits, collection of primary and secondary data to characterize the environment and identify potential impacts; and interviews and discussions with stakeholders. The due diligence for the KMMP has been carried out to assess an impact or risk of its influence to the KIP and to also assess whether the KMMP has been equipped with environmental management plan to address its environmental impacts

4. Based on the findings of the IEE, the environmental management plan (EMP) has been prepared, outlining the specific environmental measures to be adhered to during various phases implementation of the subproject. The EMP forms part of the contract document, and shall enable integration of environmental provisions/management measures in the contract document. B. Purpose of IEE

5. The present proposal is aimed at KIP. The environmental impacts due to this project are mostly related to the location of the site, construction impacts and operation and maintenance as well. Therefore, as per ADB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines, the project components are categorized as “B” and this IEE has been carried out. This IEE provides mitigation measures for impacts related to location and design, construction, operation, and maintenance.

C. Objective

6. Objective of the IEE is to (i) avoid adverse impacts of projects on the environment and affected people, where possible; (ii) minimize, mitigate, and compensate for adverse project impacts on the environment and affected people when avoidance is impossible; (iii) identify mitigation measures; (iv) formulate a grievance redress mechanism (GRM); and (v) formulate EMP including monitoring plan to help borrower/clients to address all environmental concerns related with KIP and to strengthen their safeguard systems and develop the capacity to manage environment and social risks.

D. Scope of Work

7. The scope of work of the study is to undertake a Rapid Environmental Assessment for the project based on the feasibility study to confirm whether the project should be kept as category “B” based on ADB SPS, and prepare the IEE for the proposed KIP in accordance to the ADB SPS. This study has been carried out by undertaking following field visit, collecting and analyzing secondary data, predicting the potential environmental impacts and proposing mitigation measures, undertaking public consultations, and formulating environmental management plan.

E. Approach and Methodology

8. The IEE has been prepared in accordance with ADB SPS by taking into consideration the government environmental assessment regulatory requirement.

9. Study area: The study area for IEE covering CCA of 125,000 ha spread over in four blocks that is two blocks (Zirapur and Sarangpur) of Rajgarh District and two blocks (Susner and Nalkheda) of Agar District and area to be required for various project appurtenances

10. The study has been carried out by taking the following activities:

(i) Reconnaissance survey. (ii) Field visit to all proposed project component under this study including visit to Mohanpura pipeline fabrication plant and existing 15-megawatt (MW) Solar Power Plant near Rajgarh Town. (iii) Review project feasibility study report. (iv) Review the environmental impact assessment (EIA) report for the KMMP, and clearance letters from Forest Department and MOEFCC to identify a potential risk to KIP. (v) Review other project preparation documents prepared by MPWRD. (vi) Public consultations undertaken by Environmental Specialists (ES) and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) meetings undertaken by the consultants. (vii) Review Published reports on geology, groundwater, surface water, soil, climate, flora, fauna, and cultural resources for Rajgarh and Agar districts. (viii) Review literature related with environmental impact from similar projects.

11. The evaluation of impacts has been assessed on the following criteria:

(i) Impact area. The environmental impacts will be significant if the affect will be beyond the project areas or activities areas. (ii) Duration of impact. The environmental impacts will be significant if the effect will be continuing beyond the construction period. However, some impacts that will also occur during operation will be categorized based on area of impact and the characteristic of impacts. (iii) Characteristic of impact. The environmental impact will be categorized as significant if the impact will be irreversible.

12. The residual impacts and cumulative impacts have been assessed in qualitative basis.

13. The mitigation measures for impacts related to location, design, construction, operation, and maintenance have been presented in each project component.

F. Report Structure

14. This report contains nine sections including this introductory section: (i) Introduction; (ii) Policy Legal and Administrative Framework, (iii) Description of the Project; (iv) Description of the Existing Environment; (v) Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures; (vi) Analysis of alternatives; (vii) Information Disclosure Consultation &Participation; (viii) Environmental Management Plan; and (ix) Conclusions and Recommendations.

II. POLICY LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

15. The environmental regulations and mandatory requirements for the KIP is shown in Table 1. The EIA notification, 2006 and its subsequent amendments in 2009 by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF, Government of India) specify the mandatory environmental clearance requirements. Accordingly, all projects and activities are broadly categorized into two categories1- Category A and Category B, based on the spatial extent of potential impacts and potential impacts on human health and natural and man-made resources. Given that the proposed project KIP is not covered by the EIA notification, and the environment clearance requirements from the are not triggered, however for associated facilities i.e. Dam and Reservoir has already obtain from Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MOEF&CC) vide letter “Environmental Clearance No. J-12011/42/2011-IA.I, dated 14 January 2015”

2 All projects or activities included as Category ‘A’ in the Schedule, including expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities and change in product mix, will require prior environmental clearance from the Central Government in the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) on the recommendations of an Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) to be constituted by the Central Government for the purposes of this notification; All projects or activities included as Category ‘B’ in the Schedule, including expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities as specified in sub paragraph (ii) of paragraph 2, or change in product mix as specified in sub paragraph (iii) of paragraph 2, but excluding those which fulfil the General Conditions (GC) stipulated in the Schedule, will require prior environmental clearance from the State/Union territory Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). The SEIAA shall base its decision on the recommendations of a State or Union territory level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) as to be constituted for in this notification. In addition, General Condition (GC) of the notification specifies that any project or activity specified in Category ‘B’ will be treated as Category A, if located in whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of: (i) Protected Areas notified under the Wild Life Protection) Act, 1972, (ii) Critically Polluted areas as notified by the Central Pollution Control Board from time to time, (iii) Notified Eco-sensitive areas, (iv) inter-State boundaries and international boundaries

Table 1: Environmental Regulatory Compliance for the Kundalia Irrigation Project

Applicability of Acts/Guidelines Compliance Criteria ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, This ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 (SPS) provides (2009) information for categorization of projects into category A, B or C and developing required level of environmental assessment. Category A: project has adverse environmental impact that irreversible, diverse or unprecedented Category B: project has site specific potential adverse environmental impact less than category A. Category C: project has minimal adverse environmental impact or no adverse impact. Since the KIP project components does not involve acquisition of forest land and other private property and no adverse impacts, as per the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) Environmental Assessment Guidelines, the KIP is categorized as ‘B’ and IEE is being carried out. The Environmental Impact This Notification provides information for categorization of Assessment Notification, (EIA) projects into category A and B, based on extent of impacts, 2006 (and its subsequent developing require level of EIA. The projects involve amendments in 2009) Construction of Dam and reservoir comes under Category A as per the notification. Proposed (KIP) Project which is planned as a pressurized pipeline distribution system for 125,000 hectares (ha) cultivable command area (CCA); and the supply of water for potable and industrial use. The piped distribution system including, pump stations, sub-stations and power supply system, transmission pipelines, valves, controls and associated structures does not involve acquisition of forest, private land and property as well as forest, therefore does not have any serious impact. The associated facilities dam and reservoir will involve the submergence of 680 ha of forest area; however, the particular area is already mostly degraded outside of ecologically important habitat. Environment clearance for the dam and reservoir including command area of 58,000 ha has already obtained from MOEF&CC. vide letter “Environmental Clearance No. J-12011/42/2011-IA.I, dated 14 January 2015. The Water (Prevention and Control This Act and Rules outlines the activities which are of Pollution) Act 1974 and The prohibited on account of their potential to cause water Water (Prevention and Control of pollution. Pollution from various sources in the command Pollution) Rules 1975 area needs to be controlled as per this Act and Rules. The state pollution control board accord No Objection Certificate (NOC) for consent to establish & consent to operate for the project. Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 This act provides guideline For conservation of forests and diversion of forest land for non-forest uses. The law also states guidelines on de- reservation of various categories of forests for diversion of Applicability of Acts/Guidelines Compliance Criteria forest land into for non-forest purposes. This law describes the penalty for contravention of the provisions of the Act. Restriction on the de-reservation of forests or use of forest land for non-forest purpose. Proposed KIP which is planned as a pressurized pipeline distribution system for 125,000 hectares (ha) does not involve acquisition of forest land. Even command area does not have any forest patches. Thus, it is not applicable for the KIP For associated facilities i.e. Dam and Reservoir, involved 680 ha forest area. Approval for 680 ha forest area is already in place from MOEF&CC vide their letter no 8- 02/2014-FC dated 15 September 2015. No forest land is to be acquired for additional command area of the project; hence this Act is not applicable to KIP. The Indian Wildlife (Protection) This Act provides guidelines for protection of [Wild Act, 1972, amended 1993, The animals, birds and plants] and for matters connected Wild Life (Protection) Amendment therewith or ancillary or incidental thereto. It also states Act, 2002 the norms for hunting of wild animals, prohibition of picking, uprooting, etc., of specified plants. The Act deals

with the declaration of area as Sanctuary, National Park, and closed area and also states the restriction of entries in the sanctuary. In KIP, there no Sanctuary, National Park, and closed area, thus it is not applicable for KIP. Biodiversity Act 2002 and The Act essentially controls access to indigenous Biodiversity Rules 2004 biodiversity resources. No agency/person referred to in sub-section (2) shall, without previous approval of the National Bio-diversity Authority, obtain any biological resource occurring in India or knowledge associated thereto for research or for commercial utilization or for bio- survey and bio-utilization. In KIP, there is no indigenous biodiversity resources, hence it is not applicable for KIP. Environmental Impact Assessment It delineates the steps required for obtaining environmental Notification, 2009 and clearance. As per the notification, a list of projects, Environmental Impact Assessment requiring environmental clearance from regulatory Act, 2009 agencies at the state or central government level has been provided. The necessary clearance for the command area 58,000 ha is already obtained from MOEF vide letter “Environmental Clearance No. J-12011/42/2011-IA.I, dated 14 January 2015”

16. The environmental specialists along with project preparatory technical assistance (TA) team carried out reconnaissance visits during the period from 20 to 25 April 2016 covering the entire command area under the project. Initial focus has been on reviewing the various aspects including environment, socio economic, etc. During the field visits, different villages were visited and had discussions with the farming community to know the perception of the villagers about the project in general and specifically relating to the water resources availability, existing fauna, flora cropping pattern and possibilities of their involvement during the implementation process,

Focused group discussions were also conducted in some of the villages. Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) has also been carried out during field visit. The environmental screening reveals that the most significant environmental impacts are anticipated during construction phase and are generic to construction activities. However, since it is an irrigation project aimed at improvement of the irrigation efficiency, not much impacts are anticipated even in the operation phase. Thus, all impacts are site specific, reversible and can be readily mitigated supporting a Category B classification.

17. It can also be observed from Table-1, that the proposed project does not need to go through a full-scale environmental assessment process; as the scale of impacts and categorization of the project components will not require clearances from Competent Authorities. The project selection criteria specify that all project activities pertaining to KIP are in accordance with the provisions of the Management Plan.

18. The ADB guidelines, stipulate addressing environmental concerns, if any, of a proposed activity in the initial stages of project preparation. For this, the ADB Guidelines categorizes the proposed components into categories (A, B or C) to determine the level of environmental assessment required to address the potential impacts.2 The REA checklist method was followed as per ADB requirement to assess the potential impacts of the project in planning phase. During reconnaissance survey, REA checklist was prepared which is attached as Annexure 1 with this report. The project has been categorized as B as per the REA checklist. Accordingly, this IEE has been prepared to address the potential impacts, in line with the recommended IEE content and structure for Category B project. The IEE has been conducted based on primary and secondary sources of information and field reconnaissance surveys and stakeholders’ consultations. Evaluation has been conducted for impacts likely to occur due to location, design and pre-construction, construction, operation & maintenance. An EMP outlining the specific environmental measures to be adhered to during implementation of the project has been prepared. An EMP outlining the specific environmental measures required has been indicated in the IEE. Since the project is in inception stage location and layouts of the project component are also not finalized, quantification of the impact is not possible at this stage. Quantification of impact and site specific EMP shall be prepared by the turnkey contractor during implementation of the KIP.

2 As per SPS 2009 projects are assigned to one of the following four categories: (i) Category A. A proposed project is classified as category A if it is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse, or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. An environmental impact assessment is required. (ii) Category B. A proposed project is classified as category B if its potential adverse environmental impacts are less adverse than those of category A projects. These impacts are site-specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation measures can be designed more readily than for category A projects. An initial environmental examination is required. (iii) Category C. A proposed project is classified as category C if it is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. No environmental assessment is required although environmental implications need to be reviewed (iv) Category FI. A proposed project is classified as category FI if it involves investment of ADB funds to or through a FI (paras. 65-67).

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

A. Project Overview

19. Madhya Pradesh has embarked on an irrigation expansion and modernization plan since 2010. New developments, infrastructure modernization and substantial management and operation improvement led to an increase in net irrigation area from 0.88 million ha in 2006 to 3.1 million ha in 2015. These efforts have been rewarded by record annual agricultural growth of 20% over the last 3 years. The state plans to further increase the total irrigated area to 5.9 million ha by 2025. This will be achieved by maximizing irrigation efficiency and water productivity in both new and existing irrigation systems. It includes development of pressurized irrigation, adoption of micro-irrigation and production of high value crops. The state has set the ambitious target to develop pressurized irrigation in 80% of all irrigated areas by 2025.

20. The KMMP which covers reservoir, dam and its other supporting facilities (40-meter [m] high dam, 582.75 MCM capacity of reservoir with submergence area of 7,476 ha at full reservoir level (FRL) 400.00 m. which includes 680 ha of forest area) is treated as “associated facilities”. The clearances for the associated facilities with the irrigation CCA 58,000 ha had been obtained from the concerned authorities of the state and government of India3.

21. The detailed project report (DPR) associated facilities (dam and reservoir and command area of 58,000 ha) prepared in March 2013 was based on a reservoir with a live storage of 552 MCM. The proposed CCA was 58,000 ha of which 45,000 ha would be gravity irrigation with canals and 13,000 ha lift irrigation. The DPR and environmental approvals are in place based on the plans presented in the DPR. It is now proposed to expand the command area up to 125,000 ha CCA through the use of high efficiency piped distribution system with a 100%- pressurized irrigation systems at the farm level, primarily sprinkler and the supply of water for potable and industrial use.

22. ADB will finance only for development of the KIP. The KIP will include the design and construction of a highly efficient and productive pressurized irrigation system with automated volumetric control for efficient, reliable and flexible water delivery services. The KIP will require (i) agriculture and marketing support for productive command area development; (ii) installation of a supervisory control and data acquisition system (SCADA) and mechanization and automation of main regulation and outlet structures to reduce management costs and improve delivery services; and (iii) establishment of performance base management operation and maintenance of the scheme.

B. Project Location

23. The KIP spread over in two districts (Rajgarh and Agar) covering four blocks that is two blocks (Zirapur and Sarangpur) of Rajgarh District and two blocks (Susner and Nalkheda) of Agar District. The location of the KIP is shown in Figure-1 and Layout of project command area shown in Figure-2. The KIP which is planned for 100% pressurized pipeline distribution system for 125,000 ha CCA primarily through sprinkler technique; and for the supply of potable and industrial water use.

3 Environment clearance for Dam and Reservoir including command area of 58000 ha has already obtained from MOEF& CC. vide letter “Environmental Clearance No. J-12011/42/2011-IA.I, dated 14 January 2015. Dam and Reservoir involved 680 ha forest areas. Approval for 680 ha forest area is already in place from MOEF&CC vide their letter no 8-02/2014-FC dated 15 September 2015.

Figure 1: Location Map of the Kundalia Irrigation Project

Figure 2: Layout Map of the Kundalia Irrigation Project

C. Project Components

24. The KIP will include following components:

(i) piped distribution system and distribution chambers (DCs); (ii) pumping stations, pumping substations, valves and control system and its power supply system including transmission/distribution line and switch gear; and (iii) Other supporting structures/facilities like pipe fabrication plant; and (iv) access and service roads for all project facilities.

25. The main and secondary pipeline network is designed to supply 3.0 kg/cm2 (3.0 bar) at each village boundary. This will allow a head loss of 1.0 kg/cm2 between the village boundary and the field outlet. The secondary network feeds clusters of villages in some cases. The pipeline alignments avoid rocky areas and villages where possible. The DCs will be located on three available hills close by the Kundalia Dam, which give sufficient pressure head to respective command areas. The elevation of the DCs is set that sufficient base area is available on the hill. Civil works at pipe distribution system mainly excavation of trenches for laying of pipeline, civil works at pumping station including intake trash racks, gates/stop logs, platform, workshop, surge tanks, fencing, approach channels are land clearing and excavation. Civil work at distribution chambers will include reinforced concrete tanks and foundation, excavation, land clearing, fencing, access roads, additional surveys and investigations.

26. The pumping station design for the KIP consist of two main pumping stations PS1-LB and PS2-RB located on the left and right side of the Kundalia Reservoir and one booster pumping station PS4.The purpose of the main pumping stations PS1-LB and PS2-RB is to supply irrigation water from the Kundalia Reservoir to three DCs. The DCs will be constructed as concrete structures on natural hillocks. From the DCs, the water is fed by gravity into a pipeline distribution network. The booster pumping station PS4 will operate taking water by gravity flow from distribution chamber DC3 and supply irrigation water to the higher elevations of command area. The pumping station building is to be made of in-situ concrete divided by an expansion joints. Each pumping station will be equipped with pump house overhead cranes for installation, dismantling and maintenance. The pump intakes will be provided with a trash rack and vertical slots to position maintenance stop log sets to access the intake chambers for maintenance or repair. The main equipment such as main pump unit sets, switchgear and auxiliary pump station equipment will be installed in the pumping station building.

27. The project is planned to execute through a design–build–operate (DBO) model. The turnkey contractor will carry out detailed design, construction, and manage the operation for an extended period and hand over to the department after initial successful operation of the scheme.

D. Project Implementation Schedule

28. To ensure a fast project implementation with the initial commissioning of the dam and irrigation system in 2019, it is proposed to develop the irrigation system in two stages: Stage1 would be around 58,000 ha for which the official clearances are in place, followed by Stage 2 which the environmental clearance for 67,000 ha CCA is expected to be granted in September 2017. Detailed topographic surveys for 125,000 ha command area have been completed. The dam is already under construction and scheduled to finish by 2019. The tentative implementation schedule is to initiate prequalification of bidders in Q2 2017 and award of contracts in Q1 2018 via advance contracting. The KIP will be built over a period of 3 years with construction starting in the early 2018. It is planned that the construction of both main pumping stations would proceed in parallel with each other, though slightly staggered so that one of them is commissioned within the first 2 years, and the second after 3 years. Construction of the pipeline network supplied by each pumping station will follow accordingly so that a portion of the command area can be irrigated coinciding with the commissioning of the dam in 2019.

IV. DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE DATA)

29. The study area/KIP area for IEE covering CCA of 125,000 ha spread over in four blocks that is two blocks (Zirapur and Sarangpur) of Rajgarh District and two blocks (Susner and Nalkheda) of Agar District and area to be required for various project appurtenances like piped distribution system, pumping stations, pumping sub-stations, valves and control system and its power supply system including transmission/distribution line and switchgear and other supporting structures/facilities like (a) pipe fabrication plant and (b) service roads for all project facilities.

30. Before the start of the project, it is essential to ascertain the base line levels of appropriate environmental parameters which could be significantly affected by the implementation of the project. The baseline status assessed as a part of IEE study for the proposed KIP involved both field work and review of data collected from various secondary sources. The baseline status has been divided into four categories: physical resources, ecological resources, economic resources and social and cultural resources.

A. Physical Resources

1. Atmosphere

31. The KIP spread over in two districts (Rajgarh and Agar) covering four blocks that is two blocks (Zirapur and Sarangpur) of Rajgarh District and two blocks (Susner & Nalkheda) of Agar District. The dam site which is nearest to Kundalia Village is 15 km away from sub-tehsil headquarter Zirapur and 55 km away from district headquarter Rajgarh. The latitude 24o4 ‘11’’ and longitude 76 o 13’26” are the geo-coordinate of the Kundalia. Bhopal is the state capital for Kundalia Village. It is located around 151.4 km away from Kundalia. It has an average elevation of 434 m above sea level.

32. The KIP area experiences semi-arid climate characterized by hot summer, pleasant cold winter and general dryness throughout the years, except during monsoon season. The summer season lasts from March to about middle of June, followed by the south-west monsoon season from mid-June to the end of September. October and November constitutes the post monsoon or transition period. The cold season lasts from December to February. Generally, May and the early part of June are the hottest period of the year, with an average maximum temperature of about 42.1oC and the mean daily minimum temperature of about 27.9oC. With the onset of monsoons, there is a steady drop in the temperature. January is generally the coolest month of the year, with mean minimum temperature of 8.8oC.

33. The winds are generally light with an increase in force in summer and the early part of the south-west monsoons. The humidity is generally low throughout the year, except during monsoon months, when relative humidity is close to 90%. The summer months are generally the driest months of the year with relatively humidity in afternoons being less than 20%.

2. Ambient Air Quality

34. The ambient air quality with respect to the study area forms the baseline information. There are no major sources of air pollution in the KIP area. The sources of air pollution in the KIP area are vehicular traffic, dust arising from unpaved village roads and domestic fuel burning. As a part of the EIA study conducted in 2013, the respirable particulate matter (RPM) level was observed to be well below the permissible limit of 100 micro gram per cubic meter (μg/m3), specified for residential, rural and other areas. At various stations covered during the survey values of RPM were found to be lower than 3 the permissible limit of 100 μg/m for residential, rural and other areas. The SO2 level at

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP) various samples was well below the permissible limit 50 μg/m3 specified for residential, rural and other areas at various stations covered during the studies. The NO2 value observed at various seasons was well below the permissible limit 80 μg/m3 for residential, rural and other areas. Based on the findings of the ambient air quality survey, it can be concluded that the ambient air quality is quite good in the area. Values of various parameters, e.g. SO2 and NOx are well within the permissible limits specified for residential, rural and other areas.

3. Ambient Noise level

35. Noise levels monitoring was conducted for three seasons as a part of the EIA study. The noise levels were monitored continuously for day time from 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. at four location and hourly equivalent noise level was measured. Sound pressure level (SPL) measurement in the ambient environment was made using sound pressure level meter. According to which, the day time equivalent noise level at various sampling stations ranged from 40.9 to 42.3 dB(A) and 41.6 to 42.2 dB(A) in pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons respectively. In winter season, the day time equivalent noise level at various sampling stations ranged from 41.1 to 42.1 dB (A). The noise levels were observed to be well within the permissible limits specified for residential area.

4. Topography

36. The KIP area is dominantly plain and cascades towards north interspersed by two hill ranges viz. Mukundwara and Ratibar. The area is bounded on south by the great Vindhyan ranges where most of the southern tributaries of Yamuna originate. The land slopes are gentle from south to north and have the characteristics of Malwa plateau. Overall the area is characterized by a typical trappean topography comprising extensive plains, low lying flat topped hills and isolated hills forming messy, butte and various other land forms. Vegetation is poor especially on the right bank side due to presence of pebbles and sloppy ground rendering the soil unfit for cultivation. The location of all the three distribution chambers has been selected at higher elevations in the KIP area so water can be distributed through gravity flow and two pumping stations will be sited at an elevation above 400 (msl) on both the side of the reservoir to be constructed as a part of associated facility for KIP

5. Soils

37. The soil type in the KIP area is mixed red and black as per the general classification. A brief description of the soil in the KIP area is given in the following paragraphs.

38. Soils on hill and hill ridges (Entisols): These soils are fined loamy to course loamy in texture and grayish brown to dark reddish brown in color. They are highly, excessively drained, stony and gravelly in nature. These soils are of shallow depth with low nutrient status and are slightly acidic to neutral in reaction. They are low in organic matter content and have poor water retention capacity. These soils are unsuitable for normal crop. However, they may be utilized for forestry, pasture development and growing grasses. These soils occur of level to gently undulating terrain. They are yellowish brown to dark brown in color. These soils are shallow to deep, coarse to fine medium textured with low nutrient status. These soils are moderately eroded. Their water retention capacity varies with the soil texture and organic matter content. In this category too the shallow soils are unfit for normal crop husbandry whereas deep soils are suitable for growing Kharif crops like Sorghum, millets, pulses, bajra and cowpea.

39. Pediment soils (Entisols and Vertisols): These soils on gently to undulating gneissic terrain comprising the vast pediment and pediment plains characterized by

intermittent rocky wastelands and shallow water bodies. They are shallow to deep coarse to fine medium on texture and poor in nutrient status. They are moderately eroded. The deep soils in this category are fit for cultivation of crops like sorghum, till, bajra, millets and groundnut. Shallow soils are best suited for raising pastures.

40. Soils of level alluvial plain and undulating flood plain (Inceptisols and Vertisols): These soils occur on level to undulating terrain. These are deep to very deep, fine to fine loamy, well to moderately drained and contain calcium carbonate deposits. They are low in organic matter content and suited to crops like jowar, arhar, soya bean and moong under dry land and sugarcane under irrigated conditions. Wheat, gram and linseed may be grown during the Rabi season soils of deep-seated flood plain (Inceptisols) These soils are very deep, well drained, calcareous, and gravelly with abundant lime nodules in the soils. These are fine loamy in texture, yellowish brown Colour with low organic matter content. They possess moderate water retention capacity. These soils are severely eroded during floods and need extensive conservation measures. Land situated away from the streams can be put under cultivation for Kharif crops viz jowar, bajra and arhar. The soil type in the area and too a greater extent in command area is mixed red and black as per the general classification.

41. The soil analysis, carried out, as a part of EIA study in 2013.The PH in various soil samples ranged from 7.26 to 8.08. The electrical conductivity (EC) ranged from 0.08 to 0.58 ms/cm. The EC level indicates the non-saline nature of soil. The bulk density ranged from 1.13 to 1.51 g/cc. The porosity level in various soil samples ranged from 36 to 48%. The concentration of available nitrogen ranged from 210 to 258 kg/ha. The nitrogen levels in various soil samples indicate that soils in the KIP area have low (<280 kg/ha) productivity. The concentration of available potassium ranged from 85 to 130 kg/ha. The potassium level indicates that soils in the KIP area have low (<110 kg/ha) to medium (110 – 280 kg/ha) productivity. The available phosphorus level ranged from 8 to 18 kg/ha. The phosphorus level indicates that the soils in the KIP area have low (<10 kg/ha) to medium (10–25 kg/ha) in productivity. The organic carbon too indicates low (<0.5%) to medium (0.5 – 0.75%) productivity.

6. Surface Water Quality

42. Apart from domestic sources, there are no other sources of pollution in the KIP area. The area has no major water polluting industries. There could be few small household industries, which do not generate effluent in significant quantity to cause any significant impact on quality of the receiving water body. The analysis of water sample was carried out as a part of the EIA study. According to which the total hardness in various water samples ranged from 61.2 to 65.1 mg/l, 47.8 to 51.5 mg/l and 56.8 to 58.1 mg/l in pre-monsoon, monsoon and winter seasons respectively. The total hardness level in various surface water samples is well below the permissible limit of 200 mg/l, specified for meeting drinking water requirement. The concentration of chlorides ranged from 121 to 126 mg/l, 93 to 97 mg/l and 104 to 106 mg/l in pre-monsoon, monsoon and post- monsoon seasons respectively. The concentration of chlorides is well below the permissible limit of 200 mg/l. Likewise, concentration of sulphates ranged from 9.62 to 10.10 mg/l, 7.1 to 8.5 mg/l and 8.2 to 9.4 mg/l in various pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons respectively. The concentration of sulphates too is well below the permissible limit. The concentration of nitrates was observed to be well below the permissible limit of 20 mg/l. The TDS level ranged from 264 to 281 mg/l, 218 to 241 mg/l and 234 to 256 mg/l in pre-monsoon, monsoon and winter seasons respectively. The TDS levels were well below the permissible limit of 500 mg/l. The EC levels were well below the permissible limit of 2,250 μs/cm specified for irrigation water requirements as per IS: 2296. This is also reflected by the fact that the concentration of most of the cations and anions were also well below the permissible limit. The fluorides level was marginally lower than the permissible limit of 1.0 to 1.5 mg/l for meeting drinking requirements.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP) 43. The biological oxygen demand (BOD) values are well within the permissible limits, which indicate the absence of organic pollution loading. This is mainly due to the low population density and absence of industries in the area. The low chemical oxygen demand (COD) values also indicate the absence of chemical pollution loading in the area. The concentration of various heavy metals was below the detectable limits, indicating the suitability of water for meeting domestic requirements. The concentration of cyanides and phenolic compounds was also below the detectable limits. The concentration of various heavy metals was observed to be below detectable limit in various seasons. The Total Coliform level was well within the permissible limits. The oil & grease level were below detectable limits in all the samples, which is expected in the project area, as there are no sources of pollution which can lead to increase oil & grease content in surface water.

44. Overall, the water quality of Parvati and Kalisindh can be categorized as suitable for meeting drinking water requirements. The concentration of various parameters was also compared to the permissible limits specified for irrigation water requirements. The water quality of river Kalisindh is suitable for meeting irrigation water requirements.

7. Groundwater Resources

45. Rajgarh and Agar districts are underlain by mainly basaltic lava flows of Deccan trap. Dynamic groundwater resources of the districts have been estimated for base year – 2008/09 on block-wise basis. The command area Sarangpur block in district Rajgarh are categorized as semi critical, which were safe in 2003/04. The command area blocks in district Shajapur namely, Susner and Nalkheda are categorized as over-exploited. The average fluctuations in groundwater table ranges from 5.20 to 6.45 m 3.64 to 4.32 m in Shajapur and Rajgarh districts.

8. Groundwater Quality

46. As a part of EIA study, groundwater quality was monitored for three seasons at 19 representative sample covering four blocks in the KIP area were taken in each season. The pH level indicates neutral nature of the water, and is within the permissible limit specified for meeting drinking water requirements. The total hardness in various water samples ranged from 20 to 708 mg/l, 14 to 479 mg/l and 16 to 527 mg/l in pre-monsoon, monsoon and winter seasons respectively. The total hardness level in various groundwater samples were higher than the permissible limit of 200 mg/l, specified for meeting drinking water requirement. In some of the samples, hardness levels were above the cause of rejection limit of 600 mg/l. The principal hardness causing cations are calcium, magnesium, strontium and ferrous and iron. The concentration of calcium and magnesium are mainly responsible for the soft or hard nature of water.

47. Chlorides occur in all natural waters in widely varying concentrations, chlorides are available in natural water, mainly through solvent power of water, which dissolves chlorides from top soil and deeper formations. Sulphate is one of the major anions occurring in natural water. It is an important parameter because of its cathartic affect, when it is present in higher concentration. The chlorides and sulphates level was found to be above the cause of rejection limit specified for drinking water purposes in some of the samples.

48. The TDS level ranged from 248 to 2,810 mg/l, 288 to 3,072 mg/l and 240 to 2,950 mg/l in pre-monsoon, monsoon and winter seasons respectively. The TDS levels were well above the permissible and cause of rejection limits of 500 mg/l and 1500 mg/l respectively in some of the ground water samples. This trend is also reflected by the fact that the concentration of various cations and anions as well.

49. The BOD values are well within the permissible limit, which indicates the absence

of organic pollution loading. This is mainly due to the low population density and absence of industries in the area. The low COD values also indicate the absence of chemical pollution loading in the area. The concentration of various heavy metals was below the detectable limits, indicating the suitability of water for meeting domestic requirements. The concentration of cyanides and phenolic compounds was also below the detectable limits. The concentration of various heavy metals was observed to be below detectable limit in various seasons.

50. The total coli form level was well within the permissible limits. The oil & grease level were below detectable limits in all the samples, which is expected in the project area, as there are no sources of pollution which can lead to increase oil & grease content in surface water.

9. Fluorosis problem in the project area

51. Fluoride is found in all-natural waters in some concentration. Seawater typically contains about 1 mg/l while rivers and lakes generally exhibit concentrations of less than 0.5 mg/l. In groundwater, however, low or high concentrations of fluoride can occur, depending on the nature of the rocks and the occurrence of fluoride-bearing minerals. Concentration in water is limited by fluoride solubility, so that in the presence of 40 mg/l calcium it should be limited to 3.1 mg/l. It is the absence of calcium in solution which allows higher fluoride concentrations to be stable. High fluoride concentrations may therefore be expected in ground waters from calcium-poor aquifers and in areas where fluoride-bearing minerals are common. Fluoride concentrations may also increase in ground waters in which cat-ion exchange of sodium for calcium occurs.

52. Fluorosis is caused by ingestion of excess fluoride, most commonly through drinking-water and food crops irrigated with fluoride-contaminated water, affecting teeth and bones. Moderate amount of fluoride in water leads to dental effects, but long-term ingestion of large amount of fluoride-contaminated water leads to potentially severe skeletal problems. Central Ground Water Board, Government of India has identified 23 fluoride affected districts having fluoride in the ground water more than 1.5 mg/l. Out of 23 districts i.e. Bhind, Guna, Jabalpur, Khargone, Rajgarh ,Shajapur are most affected having concentration of fluoride in the ground water more than 3mg/l .The study of fluoride content in water samples of hydrograph network stations shows that fluoride concentration in fluoride affected districts which generally varies from 1.5 (Ujjain) to 9 mg/l (Guna). The KIP spread over in two districts (Rajgarh & Agar) covering four blocks that is two blocks (Zirapur and Sarangpur) of Rajgarh District and two blocks (Susner and Nalkheda) of Agar District which is also fluoride affected and having concentration in groundwater more than 4 mg/l.

53. The monitoring of fluoridization in Rajgarh District reveals an alarming picture. Therefore, the PHE authorities started fluoride testing of all the drinking water sources and the health department in the district simultaneously started surveying fluorosis cases in the district. These joint efforts reiterated the preponderance of fluorosis in the district. Not only that, ground water in many parts of the district has been found to contain excessive fluoride, but the cases of dental and skeletal fluorosis were also identified in significant numbers. So far, the Public Health Engineering Department, Government of Madhya Pradesh in its survey of 2010–2011, has identified 488 villages as fluoride- affected. Some of the sources in these fluoride-affected villages become safe post- monsoon, due to the dilution of fluoride by fresh rain water. But the fluoride content in these sources increases above the permissible and cause of rejection limits in the pre- monsoon months.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP) 10. Geology

54. The area of the KIP forms the northern most part of the peninsular shield of India, which is characterized by a complex geological setup with numerous faults, fractures and weak zones. The basement of the peninsula is mainly composed of folded and faulted rocks of Archaean and Proterozoic age, which in some areas are covered by Precambrian sedimentary sequences and large masses of plateau basalts. Based on the structural trends, degree of metamorphism and age factor, the peninsular region can be divided into several crustal blocks. The area has rock formation ranging in age from the Meso-Proterozoic to Holocene, consisting of rocks of Vindhyan Super group and Deccan trap capped by laterite and alluvium.

55. The area around the project is a part of the Malwa plateau comprising of more or less extensive plains, low lying hill and hill clusters (i.e. rolling topography) with elevations varying roughly between RL 350 m and 425 m above MSL. The overlying Kankariya- Pirukheri Formation of the Malwa Group of Deccan Volcanic is composed of ‘Aa’ and compound Pahoehoe type of flows and are found in some exposed clusters. Outcrops of different variants of basalt (vesicular/amygdular, massive/dense, nonvesicular and fragmentary) occur under 0.5 m to 2 m thick soil cover along the proposed alignment. The basalt is medium to dark grey, vesicular to nonvesicular, fine to medium grained, massive, hard and compact, moderately to highly strong and subjected to weathering to varying depths.

11. Seismology

56. A seismic source is defined as an individual fault, or an area of diffused seismicity with distinctly different seismogenic potential in terms of the maximum magnitude as well as the occurrence rate of earthquakes in different magnitude ranges. Considering the spatial distribution of past seismic activity and its correlation with the tectonic features in the region of the KIP, three broad seismic sources have been identified based on the trend of the tectonic features in the region considered. These sources are as given below:

(i) Source-I consists of the SONATA zone containing well defined tectonic features such as Son Narmada South Fault, Son Narmada North Fault, Tapti North Fault, Gavilgarh Fault, Bharwani-Sukta Fault etc. (ii) Source-II encompasses the Indo-Gangetic alluvial plains having several lineaments, but no major faults and contains the project site. (iii) Source-III This source is delineated by the NE-SW trend of the Aravalli- Delhi fold Belt. Several major faults/lineaments traverse along this trend. Amongst these, the most conspicuous one is the Great Boundary Fault.

57. It is observed that a 3.6 magnitude event has occurred 28.1 km from the Kundalia dam site during February 1996. No other event has been recorded within 100 km from the project area. There are three events observed at the same location at 169.8 km from the site which have occurred on 31 December 1926, 10 April 1929 and 25 June 1930 and all the three have magnitude of 5.5.

B. Ecological Resources

1. Forests

58. As per Champion and Seth (1968) classification, there are 2 type of forests in Rajgarh and Agar Malwa districts, dry tropical forest and tropical thorn forests existed in Rajgarh and Agar Malwa districts with the following characteristics:

59. Dry tropical forests: There is a considerable intermixture of smaller trees which in

this type form part of the main canopy layer. There is usually a thin shrubby undergrowth including some evergreen xerophytic species. A feature of the forest is the contrast between summer months when it is entirely leafless and the soil fully exposed, and the monsoon month when it takes on almost luxuriant appearance from the growth of an ephemeral herbaceous vegetation coupled with the leafing out of the trees and shrubs. The bamboo species planted/natural are also leafless during summer season. Grass is always present and is nearly always burnt off annually; it does not include any of the large form. Usually, the majority of the tree species which are abundant and contribute most of the general appearance of the forests are Acacia catechu, Anogeissus pendula, Acacia pennata, Feronia limonia, Madhuca indica, Butea monospermum, Zizyphus mauritiana, Azadirachta indica, Mangifera indica, Aegale marmelos and others of xerophytic nature. The shrub communities include species like Calotropis procera, Nyctanthes arbortristis, Solanum xanthocarpum, Carica carranda, Achyranthes aspera, Prosopis juliflora, Zizyphus oenophila, Vitex negundo,and other associated species. The hebaceous species of these types of forests recorded includes Xanthium strumarium, Themeda quadrivalvis, Crinus involucratus, Apluda varia, Euphorbia hirta, Cynodon dactylon, Saccharum munja, Crysopogon gryllus, Tridexprocumbens and other species form the ground vegetation.

60. Tropical Thorn Forests:An open low forest in which thorny usually hardwooded species, Acacia catechu-Acacia nilotica-Phoenix species association, are the dominant species. The trees usually have short boles and low branching crowns which rarely meet. The height usually ranges from 6 to 10 m. There is an ill-defined lower storey of smaller trees and large shrubs with xerophytic characteristics.There is usually a thin grass growth which may appear fairly complete during the short moist season, but more or less, soil is bare. Climbers are few, also frequently showing the xerophytic characters of adaptation. The main tree species are Acacia catechu, Acacia nilotica, Holarrhena pubescens, Butea monosperma, Diospyros melanoxylon, Ficus bengalensis, Azadirachta indica, Radermachera xylocaropa, Balanites aegyptiaca etc. The dominant shrub species are Calotropis procera, Vitex negundo, Zizyphus nummularia, Cassia tora, Achyranthus aspera, Solanum xanthocarpum, etc. The herbaceous flora is similar to that of the dry tropical forests. Common species include Xanthium strumarium, Themeda quadrivalvis, Crinus involucratus, Apluda varia, Euphorbia hirta, Cynodon dactylon, Saccharum munja, Crysopogon gryllus, Tridex procumbens, and other species.

61. As a part of the IEE field study, ecological survey was conducted at three representative site (near Kundalia, Pyali, Ramgarh) during pre-monsoon, monsoon& winter season in Kundalia Irrigation Project area. There is no forest located in the KIP area. During reconnaissance survey, vegetation observed in government land, are agricultural fields. The type of vegetation in the area depends on the climate, and soil type but no exotic or endangered species found in the KIP area. The plant species reported in the KIP area are given in Annexure 2.

2. Near Kundalia Village (site one)

62. Tree: 18 tree species were recorded in the KIP. The density of tree species recorded was 116 individuals ha-1. Focus religious was the dominant species (12 individual’s ha-1).

63. Shrub: 15 shrub, liana and climber species were recorded. The density of this group of species was recorded to be 324 individuals ha-1). Vitex negundo, Lantana camara and Cassia tora were recorded to be the dominant species.

64. Herbs: 17 herbaceous species were recorded with a density of 38,400 individuals ha-1 in the pre-monsoon season. Cassia tora (6,400 individuals’ ha-1) followed by Paspalidium flavidum (5,600 individuals’ ha-1) were the dominant herbaceous species. 39

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP) herbaceous species were recorded with a density of 98,800 individual’s ha-1 during monsoon season. Cassia tora (7,600 individuals’ ha-1) followed by Paspalidium flavidum (7,200 individuals’ ha-1) were the dominant herbaceous species. 14 herbaceous species were recorded with a density of 16,400 individual’s ha-1 in the winter season. Argemone mexicana (3,600 individuals’ ha-1) followed by Xanthium strumarium (2,800 individuals’ ha-1) were the dominant herbaceous species.

3. Near Payli Village (site two)

65. Tree: 18 tree species were recorded in the Kundalia Irrigation Project. The density of tree species recorded was 152 individuals ha-1. Bambusa species was the dominant species (52 individuals ha-1)

66. Shrub: 9 shrub, liana and climber species were recorded. The density of this group of species was recorded to be 384 individuals ha- 1. Vitex negundo, Ipomoea pescaprae and Dichrostachys cinerea were recorded to be the dominant species.

67. Herbs: 8 herbaceous species were recorded with a density of 36,800 individuals ha-1 in the pre- monsoon season. Cymbopogon martini (7,600 individuals’ ha-1) followed by Cnicus involucratus (6,800 and individuals’ ha-1) were the dominant herbaceous species.38 herbaceous species were recorded with a density of 1,06,400 individuals ha-1 in the monsoon season. Themeda quadrivalvis (8,800 individuals’ ha-1) followed by Cassia tora (7,600 individuals’ ha-1) and Paspalidium flavidum (7,200 and individuals’ ha- 1) were the dominant herbaceous species.11 herbaceous species were recorded with a density of 19,600 individuals ha-1 in the winter season. Evolvulous alsinoides (5,200 individuals’ ha-1) followed by Argemone mexicana and Alternanthera pungens (each species represented with 2,800 individuals’ ha-1) were the dominant herbaceous species

4. Near Ramgarh Village (site three)

68. Tree:23 tree species were recorded in the Kundalia Irrigation Project. The density of tree species recorded was 144 individuals ha-1. Azadirachta indica and Jaropha curcus was the dominant species (each with 12 individuals ha-1.)

69. Shrub: 8 shrub, liana and climber species were recorded. The density of this group of species was recorded to be 288 individuals ha-1. Vitex negundo and Calotropis procera were recorded to be the dominant species. Vitex negundo was the dominant shrub layer species (76 individuals ha-1) followed by Calotropis procera (36 individuals ha-1) in the shrub canopy layer.

70. Herbs: 18 herbaceous species were recorded with a density of 28,800 individuals’ ha-1 in the pre-monsoon season. Cassia tora (5,600 individuals’ ha-1) followed by Paspalum conjugatum (3,200 and individuals ha-1) were the dominant herbaceous species.

71. 34 herbaceous species were recorded with a density of 86,400 individuals ha-1 in the monsoon season. Cassia tora (16,800 individuals’ ha-1) followed by Cymbopogon martini (5,600 and individuals’ ha-1) were the dominant herbaceous species.13 herbaceous species were recorded with a density of 20,400 individuals ha-1in the winter season. Cassia tora (4,000 individuals’ ha-1) followed by Argemone mexicana (3,200 and individuals’ ha-1) were the dominant herbaceous species.

5. Biodiversity

72. Gymnosperm diversity: No Gymnosperm species was recorded from the Kundalia Irrigation project of Madhya Pradesh.

73. Pteridophytic Diversity: Pteridophytic group of species recorded from the study area are Lycopodium cernuum, Equisetum debile, Selaginella monospora. True fern species include the members of Pteridaceae. No of species of Asplenium, Pyrrosia and Lemmnophyllum were recorded from the study area.

74. Bryophytic Diversity: Some species of bryophyte are Riccardia indica, Marchantia polymorpha, Notothylas indica, Funaria hygrometrica, Polytrichum densifolium, Polytrichum xanthopilum, Pogonatum microstumum, Pogonatum stevensii, Pogonatum perichaetiale and Desmatodon latifolius recorded from the Kundalia Irrigation Project. No species are important from conservation point of view because of their easy availability.

6. Wildlife

75. The wild animal recorded in Rajgarh and Agarwala districts have greatly declined in the past few decades in number and variety. Neelgai (blue bull) is the most widely distributed in the KIP area. The mammals reported in these districts are:

(i) Carnivora: These include common Jungle cat, Jackal and common mongoose. As per IUCN status, these species belong to least concern category. As per Wildlife Protection Act (1972) two species are included under the Schedule II category. (ii) Ungulates: The order ungulates are represented by Indian Wild Pig, Indian Gazelle and Nilgai. As per IUCN, these are categorized as Least Concern Category. As per Wildlife Protection Act 1972, they are categorized as Schedule-III. (iii) Rodentia: Rodentia is comprised of squirrel and rats, which are widely distributed and are very common around the project area. As per IUCN category, the rodents are listed under Least Concern Category. These species are placed under the Schedules IV and V of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act. (iv) Chiroptera: Naked rumped Tomb Bat is nocturnal in nature and is placed under the Schedule V. (v) Avi-fauna: Passeriformes is the largest order and 38 species belonging to order were reported in the project area. Most of the species are widely distributed. House sparrow, Ashy crowned Sparrow Lark, Black Drongo, Southern Grey Shrike, Common Myna, etc. were most common species of Passeriformes in the project area. All the species belonged to the Schedule IV of Wildlife Protection Act (1972). 16 species belonging to Order Charadriiformes were reported in the study area. The most common species under this order are Black winged Stilt, Common Sandpiper, Common Redshank, Common Snipe etc and all of which are under least concern category as per IUCN Data.

76. The other orders of avi-fauna reported in these district areas include Anseriformes, Ciconiiformes, Coraciiformes, ucoliformes, Columbiformes, etc. The species reported under order Anseriformes are common Ducks and which falls in Schedule-IV of Wildlife Protection Act (1972).

(i) Butterflies: Common types of butterflies reported in the area are Lime Butterfly,Common Mormon, Pioneer hite Orange Tip Plain Branded Tip,Yellow Orange Tip, Lemon Pansy, Mottled Emigrant, Common Tiger Striped Tiger, Rounded Pierret ,Plain hedge blue, Common Gull Lesser Punch, Common spotted flat, Suffused snow flat, Common Grass Dart ,Common Rose

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP) (ii) Herpetofauna: The commonly observed herpetofauna in the study area includes Ground Geckoo, tree snake, Warm snake, cobra, Lesser Agama, etc. As per IUCN status, they belong to lest common or Data Deficient category.

7. Aquatic biology

77. The baseline survey on existing aquatic environmental conditions in the vicinity of the proposed KIP area was observed at Kalisindh and Lukhunder rivers. River bed is heterogeneous and predominated with cobbles, boulders and rocks with lesser amount of sand. Flood prone area though consists sands; gravels and rocks i.e. alluvial deposits where some scrub vegetation are also present. Pools and riffles are observed during flowing season following rapids. Pools are deep and large in size that may be due to meander formation and extends life support after non-monsoon period for some times though the habitat remains fragmented for long period.

78. The results show that river water is conducive in nature for aquatic life during monsoon period and remain stressed conditions during non-monsoon period. The details of species diversity of fishes, planktons, benthos and macrophytes are depicted in following in subsequent paragraphs.

79. Phytoplankton: Density of phytoplanktonic community ranged from 406-460 cells/litre. Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta were the most dominant taxa among the phytoplanktons (Table-7.20). Cyanophyta was represented by Coeolosphaerium dubium, Aphanocapsa banaresensis, Coelastrum sp., Gomphosphaeria aponina, Merismopedia glauca, Microcystis aeruginosa, Synechococcus elongates. Chlorophyta was represented by Botrycoccus protuberans, Coelastrum microporum, Chlorochytrium limnanthenum, Microspora willeama, Palmellococcus protothecoides, Pediastrum duplex, Pediastrum simplex, Planktosphaeriasp. Ulothrix sp., Scenedesmus arcuatus, Sorastrum spinulosum.No diatom was recorded in phytoplankton community.

80. Phytobenthos: Phytobenthos density was higher than the phytoplankton because of abundant substrate availability and sunlight. Phytobenthos density was in the range of 951–1060 cells/cm2. Diatoms formed almost half of the benthic community as their % in total density ranged from 48.50–52.85. Caloneis, Diatoma, Gomphonema, Nitzschia, Navicula, Synedra were the dominant genera among the diatom communities. These genera generally indicate meso to eutrophic waters.

81. Zooplanktons: Zooplanktons density at various stations ranged from 144 to 177 to individuals/litre. Zooplankton community was dominated by protozoans and rotifers. Keratella and Brachionus were the dominant genera among the rotifers.

82. Macro invertebrate: Macro-invertebrates density ranged from 1666- 1822 individuals/m2. The macroinvertebrates are represented by 3 orders, 4 family and 4 genera. Caenis latipennis is predominant species in Kundalia indicating good water quality.

83. Macrophytes: There was only limited number of macrophyte species present at the study site. Occurrence of few species like Hydrilla, Potamogeton, Polygonum sp., Saccharum sp., and members of poaceae family among grasses were found in the region occurring in the pools and along banks as riparian cover waters of Lukhunder near town Nalkhera and Kalisindh River at Sangam and sarangpur site has shown occurrence. However, no dominant species among macrophyte community was found in the Kalisindh river water. This is due to seasonal flow in monsoon season, followed by dry period, when river carries no flow.

8. Fisheries

84. Fish fauna in the observed area comprises of Patan (Notopterus notopterus), Mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala), Dandwa (Rasbora daniconius), Catla(Catla catla), Tengar/Digal(Sperata oar), Baam (Mastacembelus armatus) species belonging to 4 families. The Kalisind River in this area is not rich in fish fauna in winter season due to low flow. During the month of January juveniles and fingerlings of Cirrhinus mrigala and Catla catla were recorded, which indicated that these species use this tributary as breeding ground. Out of 6 species, 5 have been categorized as least concerned as per IUCN criterion. Fishermen used cast and gill nets to land the fish. During reconnaissance survey, two fishermen were found fishing through cast net. There were seven specimens (two of Baam (Mastacembelus armatus) & five of Catla (Catla catla)) in their catch. The total catch was about 3 kilograms.

9. Rare & endangered species

85. No Rare & Endangered species were reported in the KIP area.

10. Protected areas

86. In the KIP areas have not involved any protected, sensitive or designated ecological function areas as such from the point of view of protected areas.

C. Economic Resources

1. Land use

87. The major land use category in the KIP area is barren land, as it accounts for about 42.02% of the total area followed by agricultural land (39.39%). The area under vegetation is 8.03%. Scrubs and grassland account for about 9.58%. Settlements and water bodies account for 0.04% and 0.94%.

2. Agriculture

88. Cropping Pattern: Soybean and Wheat dominate the existing cropping pattern of the proposed KIP area of the KIP. These two crops occupy 24.4% and 24% of the gross cultivated area respectively. Under the gross command area, the existing cropping pattern, after soybean and wheat, the area occupied by gram is 7.7%, Spices (4.6%), Oranges (4.2%), Maize (3%), kharif pulses (1.1%), Vegetables (1.8%), Sorghum (1%). The presence of other crops is insignificant.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP) Table 2: Existing Cropping Pattern KIP (Average of Last 5 years) KHARIF CROPS RABI CROPS HORTICULTURE CROPS MAIZE 3.3% WHEAT 24.0% Oranges 4.2% SORGHUM/Others 1.0% BARLEY 0.1% Other Fruits 0.5% PIGEON PEA 0.3% GRAM 7.7% Vegetables 1.8% BLACK GRAM 0.7% LENTIL 0.9% Spices 4.6% GREEN GRAM 0.2% PEAS 0.1% Flowers 0.2% Others Pulses 0.4% Other Pulse 1.1% OILSEEDS 0.0% MUSTARD 1.2% SOYBEAN 24.4% LINSEED 0.0% GROUNDNUT 0.2% SESAME 0.2%

89. Seasonal wise distribution of crops has also been examined and depicted hereunder:

Figure 3: Distribution of crop area under Kharif season

Figure 4: Distribution of crop area under Rabi season 90. Amongst horticulture crops, Coriander occupies the largest area (4.6%) and followed by Oranges (4.2%) and then vegetables (1.8%) and depicted in pie chart.

Figure 5: Distribution of area under Horticulture Crops 91. Crop Yield: The detail of crop yield in the project area is given in table below:

Table 3: Details of crop yield in Project area District Rajgarh BLOCK WISE PRODUCTION OF DIFFERENT CROPS - TON BLOCK JIRAPUR SARANGPUR YEAR 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014- 205- 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014- 2015- 12 13 14 15 16 12 13 14 15 16 RAINY SEASON (KHARIF) CEREALS PADDY 81 66 23 30 44 82 130 80 150 108 MAIZE 10870 20340 8591 14980 1356 5354 11990 11500 12810 1165 9 0 SORGHUM / 5326 3420 1870 2030 1984 2603 3420 1680 1620 1421 Others TOTAL 16277 23826 10484 17040 1559 8039 15540 13260 14580 1317 CEREALS 7 9 PULSES PIGEON 219 280 400 840 785 431 480 710 1130 1042 PEA BLACK 386 400 540 308 299 189 270 530 2150 2056 GRAM GREEN 167 160 137 430 365 187 120 78 510 486 GRAM Others 4319 - - - - 6870 - - - - Pulses TOTAL 5091 840 1077 1578 1449 7677 870 1318 3790 3584 PULSES OILSEEDS SOYBEAN 46258 45400 51186 34500 4054 46106 72640 74320 73420 6945 1 7 GROUNDN 164 660 713 750 631 235 150 130 180 163 UT SESAME 155 240 80 870 514 121 160 150 610 458 TOTAL 46577 46300 51979 36120 4168 46462 72950 74600 74210 7007 OILSEEDS 6 8 GRAND 67945 70966 63540 54738 5873 62178 89360 89178 92580 8684 TOTAL 2 1

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

JIRAPUR SARANGPUR

YEAR 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014- 2015- 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014- 2015- 12 13 14 15 16 12 13 14 15 16 Rabi Season CEREALS WHEAT 27003 51260 30901 63087 50123 34805 20456 79626 11290 12196 0 8 0 BARLEY 59 51 52 72 67 44 45 43 83 89 TOTAL 27062 51311 30953 63159 50190 34849 204605 79669 11299 12204 CEREALS 1 9 PULSES GRAM 10924 10180 17809 14540 13467 15440 38351 29241 43641 31067 LENTIL 319.2 388 586 350 401 2340 2430 1460 3508 3210 PEAS 906 1060 4051 3589 2013 1780 2134 4580 371 406 Other 2850 - - - - 1167 - - - Pulse TOTAL 14999 11628 22446 18479 15881 20727 42915 35281 47520 34683 PULSES Mustard 1402 2010 4970 9780 5630 118 286 501 310 429 GRAND 43463 64949 58369 91418 71701 55694 24780 11545 16082 15716 TOTAL 6 1 1 1 (Rabi) GROSS 11140 13591 12190 14615 13043 11787 33716 20462 25340 24400 AREA 8 5 9 6 3 2 6 9 1 2 Source : District Agriculture Department

District Agar Malwa

Block SUSNER Block NALKHEDA 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014- 2015- 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014- 2015- 12 13 14 15 16 12 13 14 15 16 RAINY SEASON(Kharif)

CEREALS MAIZE 8790 5230 10102 8405 2754 1332 8235 8608 4610 6115 Jowar 3660 1249 1606 1540 147 9200 936 634 1028 815 TOTAL 12450 6479 11708 9945 2901 10532 9171 9242 5638 6930 CEREALS PULSES PIGEON PEA 492 460 280 440 355 267 285 390 274 469 BLACK 1108 698 590 845 1409 1072 738 547 3285 2138 GRAM GREEN 155 89 130 114 180 93 95 69 66 97 GRAM TOTAL 1755 1247 1000 1399 1944 1432 1118 1006 3625 2704 PULSES OILSEEDS SOYBEAN 18750 5847 4360 4397 13200 34411 40190 23886 19963 14710 GROUNDNUT 700 40 940 950 35 65 73 65 50 111 SESAME 95 150 148 98 65 67 115 52 87 85

TOTAL 6037 5448 5448 5445 13300 34543 40378 24003 20100 14906 OILSEEDS GRAND 16582 11925 16550 15249 17998 37307 49731 33617 28335 23725 TOTAL

2011- 2012- 2013- 2014- 2015- 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014- 2015- 12 13 14 15 16 12 13 14 15 16 RAINY SEASON(Kharif)

MAIZE 9324 11090 11890 13670 13209 3468 16111 12128 12180 14094 Jowar 186 192 198 161 164 71 56 49 205 181 TOTAL 9510 11282 12088 13831 13373 3539 16167 12177 12385 14275 CEREALS PULSES PIGEON PEA 4568 6013 5190 4012 3686 11676 10290 15670 4981 5292 BLACK 709 679 880 879 784 256 292 190 331 785 GRAM GREEN 48 71 97 78 66 88 67 120 98 103 GRAM TOTAL 6763 6167 4969 12020 10649 15980 5410 6180 PULSES OILSEEDS SOYBEAN 1789 1873 1790 1872 1698 415 1298 778 974 1957 GROUNDNUT ------20 - - SESAME 1789 1873 1790 1872 1698 415 1298 798 974 1957 TOTAL 11299 19918 20045 20672 15071 15974 28114 28955 18769 22412 OILSEEDS GRAND 11299 36500 36595 35921 33069 53281 77845 62572 47104 40410 TOTAL Source: District Agriculture Department

BLOCK JIRAPUR SARANGPUR YEAR 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014- 2015- 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014- 2015- 12 13 14 15 16 12 13 14 15 16 CEREALS WHEAT 27003 51260 30901 63087 50123 34805 204560 79626 112908 121960 BARLEY 59 51 52 72 67 44 45 43 83 89 TOTAL 27062 51311 30953 63159 50190 34849 204605 79669 112991 122049 CEREALS PULSES GRAM 10924 10180 17809 14540 13467 15440 38351 29241 43641 31067 LENTIL 319.2 388 586 350 401 2340 2430 1460 3508 3210 PEAS 906 1060 4051 3589 2013 1780 2134 4580 371 406 Other 2850 - - - - 1167 - - - Pulse TOTAL 14999 11628 22446 18479 15881 20727 42915 35281 47520 34683 PULSES OILSEEDS MUSTARD 1402 2010 4970 9780 5630 118 286 501 310 429 GRAND 43463 64949 58369 91418 71701 55694 247806 115451 160821 157161 TOTAL (Rabi)

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP) GROSS 111408 135915 121909 146156 130433 117872 337166 204629 253401 244002 AREA Source: District Agriculture Department

Crop Shahjapur Rajgarh 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 Rice 650 475 463 526 611 729 Wheat 3150 2128 2132 2311 2764 2495 Jawar 1370 1587 1670 1044 1016 1256 Maize 1790 881 877 945 496 1144 Gram 1100 862 862 937 1159 714 Source: District Statistical Handbook, Rajgarh & Agar Malwa (2014-2015)

92. It is observed that the yield of wheat is maximum in both the districts. Paddy yield is quite low, which is an indicator of water scarcity in the region.

93. Sources of Irrigation: The details of sources of irrigation in the command area are given in Table

Table 4: Details of source of irrigation in Project area Source Shahjapur Rajgarh Total Hand 388 411 122 1196 5 16 2138 pumps Wells 3385 3905 180 9415 48 50 16986 Ponds 249 388 11 0 1 0 649 Other 317 1048 21 399 1 2 1788 sources Total 4339 5755 334 11010 55 68 21561 Source: District Statistical Handbook, Rajgarh & Agar Malwa (2014-2015)

94. The major source of irrigation in the tehsils is groundwater which accounts for about 78.78% of the total irrigated area. Hand pumps irrigate about 9.9% of the irrigated area. About 3% of the area is irrigated by ponds.

95. Use of Fertilizers and Pesticides: The fertilizer and pesticide use in the project area districts is quite low. The use of certified seeds is also quite low. This could be attributed to the economic backwardness of the area. Most of the farmers have small landholdings, which coupled with low agricultural productivity is responsible for the fact that farmers have low purchasing power. As a result, use of certified seeds, a fertilizer etc. is quite low.

96. Livestock: The total livestock which includes cow, buffalo, sheep, goat, horse, donkey excluding poultry in the KIP area tehsils is 118912, which works to about 0.7 livestock per person. The dominant livestock in the KIP area tehsils is cow accounting for about 45.1% of the total livestock population, followed by buffalo (32%). Goat is also commonly reared.

Table 5: Details of Livestock in Project Area District Block Cow Buffalo Sheep Goat Donkey Horses Rajgarh Zirapur 87019 290 26814 139 14 Sarangpur 82842 821 24706 132 15 Agar Malwa Susner 40565 16154 440 27870 175 62 Nalkheda 29260 16820 90 15290 100 18 Total 792 341 50 26 4 Source:District Statistical Handbook, Rajgarh & Agar Malwa (2014-2015)

D. Social and Cultural Resources

1. Population

97. The KIP district spread over in two districts (Rajgarh and Agar) covering four blocks that is two blocks (Zirapur and Sarangpur) of Rajgarh District and two blocks (Susner and Nalkheda) of Agar District. The total population of the project area is about 6.53 lakhs. The percentage of SC Population in Zirapur and Sarangpur is 19.47% and 19.78% respectively. Similarly, percentage of Scheduled Caste (SC) population in Susner& Nalkheda is 25.34% and 25.04% respectively. The percentage of Scheduled Tribe (ST) population in Zirapur and Sarangpur is 0.67% and 6.41% respectively. Similarly, percentage of ST Population in Susner and Nalkheda is 2.92% and 8.16% respectively.

98. The demographic profile of the project area is given in Table 6.

Table 6: Demographic Profile of Project Area District Block Total Total SC Total Total Total Total Population Population SC % ST ST % literate Populat Populat ion ion Rajgarh Zirapur 161070 31359 19.47% 1,077 0.67% 70,314 Sarangpur 229170 45341 19.78% 14,705 6.41% 118,200 Agar Susner 143828 31580 25.34% 3,665 2.92% 78,207 Nalkheda 118592 26847 25.04 % 8,300 8.16% 66,739 Total 652660 135127 20.7% 27,747 4.2% 333,520 Source: District Statistical Handbook, Rajgarh & Agar Malwa (2014-2015)

99. The literacy rate in Susner tehsil is 54.37% and in Nalkheda, it is 56.27%. The literacy rate in Zirapur tehsil is 43.65% and in Sarangpur, it is 51.57%. The literacy rate is quite low, and is an indicator of socio-economic backwardness of the area.

2. Occupational Profile

Table 7: Details of Occupational structure in Project area Block name Working population Non-Working Population Agar Susner 74,040 69,788 Nalkheda 59,418 59,174 Rajgarh Zirapur 89,960 71,110 Sarangpur 104,347 124,823 Source: District Statistical Handbook, Rajgarh and Agar Malwa (2014–2015)

100. In economic development of the region its geographical location, natural resources, business and employment, industries and manpower play vital role. It is observed that total main workers in the project area are 327,765 accounting for about 50.21% of the total population. The remaining (49.79%) is the dependent population.

3. Educational facilities

101. Educational facilities i.e. primary schools (792) middle schools (341), secondary school (50), Sr. Secondary School (26) are available in whole project area. The block wise detail is given below:

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Table 8: Details of Educational facilities in Project area District Block Primary Middle Secondary Sr. College School school School Secondary School Rajgarh Zirapur 274 94 9 7 1 Sarangpur 234 120 21 9 1 Agar Malwa Susner 159 69 6 7 1 Nalkheda 125 61 14 3 1 Total 792 341 50 26 4 Source: District Statistical Handbook, Rajgarh & Agar Malwa (2014–2015)

102. It is observed that there are no Adult Literacy Schools are present in project area.

4. Health facilities

103. Access to the health care facilities in the KIP project area villages is extremely poor. There are 5 hospitals, 17 ayurvedic hospitals and 10 primary health centres. Apart from these, no other health care facilities are available in any of the command area villages. Thus, residents travel varying distances to access health care facilities.

Table 9: Details of Health facilities in Project area District Block Hospitals Ayurvedic Primary health Hospitals centre Rajgarh Zirapur 1 4 4 Sarangpur 2 8 4 Agar Susner 1 2 1 Malwa Nalkheda 1 3 1 Total 5 17 10 Source: District Statistical Handbook, Rajgarh & Agar Malwa (2014-2015)

5. Historical \ Archaeological Sites

104. No archaeological \ historical monument or sites are present in the project area.

V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

A. Screening of Impacts

105. The potential environmental benefits and impacts of the proposed activities have been assessed in line with ADB SPS, including assessment of possible benefits and impacts with regard to (i) biodiversity conservation and sustainable natural resource management, (ii) pollution prevention and abatement, and (iii) health and safety, and physical cultural resources. In this section, potential environmental impacts have been assessed according to the magnitude on different environmental resources to project location, as related to design, during construction and operation. Mitigation measures have also been recommended. The impacts describe as I-for insignificant, M-for moderate or S-for significant and impact duration such as, T-temporary or P-permanent and are presented in a manner that shows magnitude and duration of a particular impact, e.g., I/T means the impact is insignificant and is temporary in nature. A screening exercise was carried out to delineate the potential environmental and social impacts due to the components identified in the planning stage. The screening has been carried out on following major parameters.

(i) land environment (ii) sir environment (iii) water environment (iv) biological environment

106. A negative score of more than 3 on the above mentioned parameters identifies the impact as significant requiring mitigation measures. A negative score of 2 to 3 identifies the impact of medium significance requiring precautionary approach. A score of 0 to 1 identifies the impact as insignificant.

B. Categorization of components

107. Categorization of activities/components envisaged in the project has been done and shown in Table 10 based on their extent of adverse environmental and social impacts. Based on Potential environmental and social impacts associated with each activity/component, these components have been classified under three categories.

(i) Category A: Components which have major environmental/social impacts and require specific environment management plan (EMP) for implementation of mitigation measures. This EMP is to be incorporated in the bid document and contractor/implementing agencies have to follow this during construction as well as operation. (ii) Category B: Components which have moderate environmental and social impacts and certain precautionary measures have to be followed by the contractor and the project authorities to minimize impacts during construction as well as operation. (iii) Category C: Components which have negligible or nil environmental and social impacts and as such no mitigation measures have been proposed for these activities.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP) (iv) Table 10: Categorization of Project components Project components Category Category Category A B C

(i) Pipe distribution system √ (ii)Pumping stations, pumping sub-stations, valves and √ control system and its power supply system including transmission/distribution line and switch gear (iii) Other Supporting Structure (a) Pipe fabrication plant √ (iv) Access & service roads for all project facilities √

C. Incremental Environmental and Social Benefits

108. The project is likely to result in environmental and social benefits in the following key areas:

109. Combating land degradation and desertification: The project has the potential to make a positive contribution towards combating land degradation and desertification in KIP area, through the application and promotion of improved agricultural practices. The overall outcome will be reduced soil erosion and increase land productivity.

(i) Pressurized irrigation (Drip and Sprinkler) replacement of current flood irrigation practices on approximately 125,000 ha of existing farmland resulting in reduced water requirement reduced farmland soil erosion; and reduced discharge of nutrients, pesticides, and sediment into surface water and groundwater; (ii) Improved agricultural practices, including promoting the use of organic fertilizers such as manure, to reduce disturbance of soil, and inclusion of intercropping to increase soil stability.

110. Reduced siltation of water course, and reservoirs: As a result of improved agricultural practices, water-use conservation drip irrigation techniques and intercropping, sediment runoff is likely to be reduced from the project sites, particularly from existing farmland areas currently using flood irrigation techniques. This will reduce the sediment load entering surface water courses, and reservoirs, reducing maintenance costs, improving environmental flows.

111. Improved irrigation water use efficiency: The project is expected to increases the command area 58,000 to 125,000 ha as compared to flow irrigation system. Thus the project will improve water use efficiency on approximately 125,000 ha of existing agricultural land.

112. The project on completion will provide:

(i) Irrigation over a CCA of 125,000 ha in 419 villages; (ii) 10 MCM of water for meeting domestic water requirements; (iii) 15 MCM of water for meeting industrial water requirements; (iv) Generate permanent employment to the large agricultural laborers available in the area and check the migration; (v) Increase agricultural activities and production; (vi) Generate multiple type of indirect employment facilities e.g. workshops, food processing units, transportation, etc; (vii) Enable of uplifting of urban population living in small to medium size town, clusters of Rajgarh and Agar districts.

D. Potential Environmental Impacts & Mitigation measures

113. The potential environmental impact would largely center on the investment in irrigation service delivery. Adverse environmental impacts may arise due to certain planned activities, like disposal of excavated material during laying of pipeline and installation of pumping stations, valves and control system and support structures, fabrication plant for pipeline. The potential environmental impacts and mitigation measures due to project component/activities as related to location design during construction and operation has been identified and given in Annxure-3. Mitigation measures have also been recommended for impacts during design, construction and operation of the project. However, potential adverse impact common to all the project component/activities are given in following paragraph.

114. The project construction phase has the potential to result in adverse environmental impacts. The construction phase, which will occur over a 3-year period expected to commence in 2017, will involve construction of infrastructure listed in project components as laying of pipe distribution system, distribution chambers, pumping stations, pumping sub-stations, valves and control system and its power supply system including transmission/distribution line and switchgear and other supporting structures/facilities like pipe fabrication plant and supporting facilities and access and service roads for all project facilities. The proposed construction works have the potential to cause adverse environmental impacts to soil, water, air, flora, and fauna, as follows:

(i) Increased soil erosion and soil nutrient loss: Excavation works, including preparing land for sitting of project components excavation for laying of distribution system have the potential to increase soil erosion and nutrient loss if poorly managed, undertaking during heavy rainfall events, or strong winds. However, these activities can easily cause new soil erosion; and furthermore, affect the surroundings of project sites. Measures to mitigate adverse impacts will include improved soil preparation methods, including pit, strip, and anti-slope based on the type of site condition; and covering prepared soil with cut grasses or bush branches to avoid wind or water erosion. Excavated topsoil will be stockpiled for reuse. To mitigate against potential soil erosion impact from infrastructure excavation, works will be restricted to the dry season (September–June); stopped during strong wind (>40 km/hr); and appropriate management measures will be enforced, including covering stockpiles; sediment runoff control barriers; and diversion channels. (ii) Impacts to flora: Clearing project sites may cause permanent or temporary disturbance to vegetation, although no known protected flora species have been identified on the project components sites, but disturbance to the vegetation should be minimized. The project component/activity wise potential impact and mitigation measures outlined in Annexure-3 include only cutting grasses or bushes which are obstacle to project activities and tree growth in patches or strip shape, and pilling them up between planting rows or holes to allow them to naturally decay; (iii) Impact to surface water quality: Impacts to surface water quality may include increased siltation as a result of soil erosion, and discharge of construction camp wastewater. These impacts primarily relate to irrigation water quality, as the project sites are not located adjacent to natural water bodies. Siltation will be managed through the use of silt fences, covering stockpiled material, and restriction of excavation to dry season. Uncontrolled wastewater discharge from construction camps has the potential to result in impacts to water quality. To mitigate against this impact management plan has been provided.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP) (iv) Impacts to air quality: Dust generated by excavation and land preparation works and emissions from vehicles has the potential to impact local air quality. Potential sources of dust generation construction activities are similar at all project sites and include (a) dust from land preparation; (b) dust from excavation, hauling loading, and unloading; (c) dust generated by the movement of vehicles and heavy machinery on unpaved access and haul roads; and (d) dust from aggregate preparation. Mitigation measures for dust include vehicles delivering and other materials to the sites must be covered, spraying water on active construction roads and excavation sites daily to reduce dust, and re-vegetating construction sites at completion of works. Mitigation measures associated with vehicle emissions will include requiring vehicle compliance with construction plant maintenance and emission regulations. Environmental Management for construction plant and equipment management plan has been given as a part of mitigation and management plan. (v) Noise impacts. Heavy machinery operation has the potential to result in noise impacts. Noise volume of construction machinery is generally between 80 dB and 110 dB, while vehicle noise intensity is generally about 90 dB. As some of the construction areas may be adjacent to villages, noise will have some impacts on nearby residents. To mitigation against this, project equipment and machinery must comply with the State Pollution Control Board Standard, and selecting low-noise technology for Construction. Adequate routes for large trucks should be considered to divert away from residential areas, where possible. When vehicles do pass through noise-sensitive areas, speed should be controlled to no more than 15 km/hour; and use of horn should not be permitted. Construction works should be restricted outside the hours 06:00 and 22:00, or as agreed based on community consultation. (vi) Generation of solid wastes: Construction camps will result in the generation of general waste and construction solid waste. Management of waste should include minimization; reuse; recycling through the use of multi-compartment collection bins; composting of solid waste, where appropriate; regular collection and disposal to the designated site identified with the help of project proponent. Waste management plan has also been given as a part of mitigation and management plan.

115. All the potential impacts described above are temporary and insignificant likely to be localized and will occur over a relatively short period of time. However as precautionary measures some environmental management plan like construction camp plan, waste management plan, construction plan and equipment management plan and health and safety management plan has been given as a part of environmental mitigation and management plan which are common for all the activities and need to be included in the contract document. With strict adoption and enforcement of these mitigation measures, all these impacts can be avoided.

E. Potential Impacts of Associated Facility

116. The KIP is an irrigation network that planned as 100% pressurized pipeline distribution system for 125,000 ha CCA primarily through sprinkler technique with source of water from the KMMP. The KMMP involves construction of 2,655 m earthen dam and reservoir. The dam will support reservoir with gross storage capacity 582.75 MCM, which will be used to irrigate 125,000 ha of CCA with initial coverage 58,000 ha CCA, and to provide 100 MCM domestic and industrial water for neighboring villages in Rajgarh District. The dam and reservoir require 7,610.27 ha of which 680 ha forest land, 2,338 ha revenue land, and 4,592 ha private land. As there is no protected area involved, the KMMP does not need a clearance from the National Board of Wildlife but require only environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment forest and Climate Change (MOEFCC). The MOEFCC clearance for KMMP including irrigation works for 58,000 ha CCA was granted on 14 January 2015. The state government has started with KMMP since 2015. Due to the availability of funding, the state government has focused on construction of the dam and reservoir but the construction of irrigation network has been detached from the initial construction work of KMMP. The operation of KIP will be heavily dependent on the availability of water from reservoir that is being constructed under the KMMP. The KMMP construction works, is expected to be completed by end 2018. On this basis, the KMMP is categorized as the associated facility for the KIP in accordance to the ADB SPS. 117. It is very clear that the ADB funded project will depend exclusively on the output of the KMMP dam and reservoir, to successfully provide irrigation water for 125,000 ha CCA. The due diligence found that the EMP for KMMP has addressed comprehensively all environmental concerns associated with construction and operation dam and reservoir. There is no protected areas or environmentally sensitive areas involved in KMMP. The executing agency for the KMMP, which is also the executing agency for the KIP is equipped with adequate staff to supervise and monitor the implementation of the EMP. The contractor for KMMP civil works has experienced staff to implement the EMP, and the contractor has obtained all the required permits from the Madhya Pradesh Pollution Board for carrying out the construction works. Based on the EIA and EMP document and field work observation as part of the due diligence work, there is no additional environmental issue from the KMMP that needs to be addressed to ensure the successful operation of the KIP. However, enforcement of the KMMP environmental monitoring and EMP implementation is vital to ensure the availability of the water for the KIP. The due diligence report is attached in Appendix 4. 118. Both KMMP and KIP are under the responsibility of MPWRD. Therefore, there is also no difficulties faced by KIP as MPWRD has to maintain the benefit of KIP and sustain the operation of KMMP.

VI. ANALYSIS ALTERNATIVES

119. No project scenario was also considered but rejected, as there is a dire need to improve irrigation service delivery and increase farm productivity to ensure food security, to meet the demands of a fast growing population. Another alternative is to invest in groundwater management to pilot real time conjunctive use of the two irrigation approaches. Conjunctive use may not be potential management option, as the ground water in the project area is fluoride affected. Analysis of the no project versus with project scenario is presented in Table 11.

Table 11: Analysis of No Project versus With Project Scenario No Project Scenario With Project Scenario Existing inefficient system will continue Improved, sustainable & efficient water delivery system with environmental & social Problems

Continued Low Agricultural productivity Higher Agriculture Productivity

Individualistic Irrigation Management Participatory Irrigation Management and high efficiency of per unit use of water

Incremental adoption of New Radical adoption of New technology and specifically technologies use Sprinkler/Drip

Limited Knowledge base Improved Knowledgebase for implementing efficient

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP) No Project Scenario With Project Scenario Water Resource Management system

Poor Soil Quality Possible increase in fertilizers and pesticides use, but mitigated through Farmer Water Schools approach

Inefficient & Unsustainable Water Short term Environmental impact during construction Resource Management may take place but risk factor will reduce and better water management system will emerge.

Poor Water Quality Safe water for irrigation

120. The analysis of flow irrigation versus pressurized irrigation is given in Table 12.

Table 12: Analysis of flow irrigation versus pressurized irrigation Flow irrigation Pressurized irrigation High requirement of land for canal system A little coverage of surface area under pressurized irrigation system as the delivery pipelines are to be laid under ground

Flow irrigation will cover only 58000 ha Pressurized irrigation system will cover 1,25000 ha area with the present availability of water area with the same availability of water

High seepage and evaporation losses A little water losses

Individual Irrigation Management Cost effective Participatory Irrigation Management

Incremental use of New technologies for Radical Change in adoption of agriculture technology agriculture production and efficient use of water through Sprinkler/Drip only

A poor Knowledge base for utilizing water Increased Knowledgebase to practice efficient efficiently Management of Water Resource

Inefficient & Unsustainable use Water Risk to environment due to Inefficient & Unsustainable Resource Management factor will be minimized and better water management system will lead to enhanced production and productivity of crops

121. In the present scenario of poor water management and low use of the available water resource, the use of surface water through pressure irrigation devices is only the potential management tool to maximize the production and productivity. Short term Environmental impact during the phase of project construction may take place but it may be offset once the project is completed and water is released to farmers.

VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION

A. Process for Consultation

122. Public consultations conducted in the KIP at two places Susner (15 July 2016) and Zirapur (16 July 2016); one is located in Agar Malwa District and another in Rajgarh District, respectively. These public consultation meetings held after duly informing the group of stakeholders including local communities, civil society, Government and local bodies, and villagers. Advertisement was given in Dainik bhaskar -newspapers (Ujjain & Bhopal Editions)-copy of the same is enclosed as Annexure 5 with the minutes of meeting.

(i) Invitations sent to the local administration of District Agar including Sub Divisional magistrate (SDM) Susner, Tahsildar, Nagar Panchyat Chief Municipal Officer ( CMO ), Janpad President and Village Sarpanches of the concerned blocks –copy of the same is enclosed as Annexure 5 with the minutes of meeting. (ii) Public Address System (Loud speakers) were used as communication media for creating awareness about the said consultation meeting in the villages of the project area. (iii) Total gathering during the public consultation was more than 100 persons in both the meetings. The stakeholders, who are affected directly or

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP) indirectly, were also participated in the public consultation meeting. During public consultations, a summary containing information about the project infrastructure development, project benefits and its impacts both positive and negative was distributed to the participants copy of the same is enclosed as Annexure 5 with the minutes of meeting.

B. Disclosers during the Public Consultation

123. Some of the issues discussed during public consultation to get the perception and observations of affected peoples about the project and their observations/suggestions for inclusion in the project report are given below.

(i) Project components and its activities (ii) Infrastructure development in the project (iii) Potential environmental Impacts due to proposed project (iv) Involvement of villagers in project management (v) Conflict Management - Grievance Redressal Mechanism

124. The project summary containing information about the project infrastructure development, and its potential impacts both positive and negative was distributed among the participants. The minutes of meeting of the public consultation are attached as Annexure-5

C. Future Consultation and Information Disclosure

125. To ensure continued public and stakeholder participation, provisions is proposed at all stages during the project design and implementation. To implement and coordination of the projects Water Resources Department Madhya Pradesh (MPWRD) has constituted the project implementation and coordination unit (PICU) at Bhopal. A project implementation unit (PIU) also been set-up at project site (Zirapur). One grievance redress cell (GRC) will be set up within the PICU and one in PIU. The Chief Engineer of the Project will be Chairman of the GRC at Bhopal. At project site Executive Engineer of the project will be the Chairman at Project Implementation Unit at Zirapur. A Local Grievances Committee (LGC) Includes AEN (Assistance Engineer), representative from line Agency and two community based prominent persons shall be formed at project site. LGC at the project site will receive grievances of the people regarding technical, social and environmental issues. This participatory process will ensure that all views of the peoples are adequately reviewed and suitably incorporated in the design and implementation process. Further, to ensure an effective disclosure of the project, proposals to the stakeholders, an extensive project awareness campaign will be carried out.

126. For the information and benefit of the community the summary of IEE will be translated in the local language (Hindi) and made available at: (i) Office of the Executive engineer and Chief engineer and, (ii) Office of the District Magistrate, Rajgarh, Agar Malwa and other relevant line departments in the District. These copies will be made available free of cost to any person seeking information on the same. Hard copies of the IEE will be available in the office of the Executive Engineer and accessible to citizens as a means to disclose the document and at the same time creating wider public awareness. On demand, the person seeking information can obtain a hard copy of the complete IEE document at the cost of photocopy from the office of the Chief Engineer/Executive Engineer, on a written request and payment for the same. Electronic version of the IEE will be placed in the official website of the Water Resource Department and the website of ADB after approval of the documents by the government and ADB. This will create awareness of the project implementation among the public.

D. Grievance Redress Mechanism

127. The affected person/aggrieved party can give their grievance verbally or in written to the Local Grievances Committee (LGC). Grievances of affected person will first be brought to the attention of the AEN and Community Based Prominent Persons (CBPP) who can resolve the issue at site level. If the matter is not solved within 7 days period by the AEN and CBPP, it will be brought to the Grievance Redress Committee constituted for the purpose at project level in PIU. This GRC shall discuss the issue in its monthly meeting and resolve the issues within one month of time after receiving the grievance. If the matter is not resolved by GRC at PIU level within stipulated time, it shall be referred to GRC at PICU level by Executive Engineer of PIU.

128. GRC at PICU shall discuss the issue and try to resolve it and inform the PIU accordingly. If the matter is not resolved by the GRC at PICU level within one month of time, the aggrieved person/party can bring the matter to Executive Committee/State Level Empowered Committee. Depending on the nature of the grievance, the State Level Committee should resolve the grievance as soon as possible with the time range between 2 to 6 weeks.

129. The GRM is not part or substitute of the Court Law, and therefore, an affected people while filing the grievance to GRM could also bring their grievance to the Court.

130. The PIU shall keep records of all grievances received including contact details of complainant, date of receiving the complaint, nature of grievance, agreed corrective actions and the date these were affected and final outcome. The grievance redress process is shown below.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP) GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISHM

Aggrieved Party / Affected person

Minor Grievance Local Grievance Grievance Committee (LGC) Addressed Major Grievance

Grievance Not Addressed

Grievance Redress

Cell (GRC) PIU

Grievance Addressed

Grievance Not Addressed

GRC in Environment and Social Management Cell PICU

Grievance

Addressed

Grievance Not Addressed

Executive Committee / State Level Empowered Committee

Figure 6: Grievance Redress Mechanism in MPWRD Note: LGC –AEN, Line Agency, Two Community Based Prominent Persons. GRC (PIU)—Executive Engineer, DFO, SDM, Environmental and social expert GRC in Environment and Social Management Cell (ESMC) – PICU) Chief Engineer, DM, Environmental and social expert in PICU

1. Composition and functions of GRC

131. Local Grievance Committee- (LGC) – AEN, Line Agency, Two Community Based Prominent Persons.

132. Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) at PIU. In the PIU there shall be one GRC, which will include Executive Engineer (PIU), Environment and Social Safeguard Specialist of PIU, and Nominated representatives of District Magistrates. Committee shall be headed by Executive Engineer (PIU). The committee will meet at least once in every month. Agenda of meeting shall be circulated to all the members and affected persons/aggrieved party along with venue, date and time; informed in written at least 7 days in advance of meeting. The matters shall remain with GRC at PIU level for one month and if grievance is not resolved within this period, the matter shall be referred to GRC at PICU.

133. GRC within Environmental and Social Management Cell (ESMC) at PICU. There shall be one GRC in PICU. The matters not resolved by the GRC at PIU level within one month shall come under GRC at PICU. GRC at PICU will include Environment Safeguard Specialist and Social Safeguard Specialist of PICU, and Chief Engineer (CE) of PICU. The Committee shall be headed by CE of PICU. This committee shall look the matters, which are referred to and not resolved by GRC at PIU level.

2. Approach to GRC

134. Affected person/aggrieved party can approach to GRC for redress of his/their grievances through any of the following modes-

(i) Web based: A separate corner will be developed at the program website so that public/community/ affected person can register their complaint in the online column. (ii) Telecom based: A toll free no. Will be issued by the PICU/PIU so that the general public can register their complaint through telephone/mobile phone to the PIU/PICU office. (iii) Through community-based prominent person: The local representative of the CBPP/AEN appointed for the purpose will collect the problems & issues of the community or affected person and pass on the same to PIU/ PICU.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Mitigation

135. The mitigation/enhancement measures include specific EMPs which need to be implemented. Although all the potential impacts described above are temporary and insignificant likely to be localized and will occur over a relatively short period. However as precautionary measures some EMPs like construction camp plan, waste management plan, construction plan and equipment management plan and health and safety management plan has been given as a part of environmental mitigation and management which are common for all the activities and need to be included in the contract document, as an special condition clause stating that all provisions of shall be applicable to the contractor. With strict adoption and enforcement of these mitigation measures, all these impacts can be avoided

136. The following EMPs are to be included:

(i) Construction Camps Plan: During implementation phase, a large labor population is likely to influx in the project area. An Environmental Management Plan for construction camp has been formulated to control degradation of the surrounding landscape due to the location of the proposed construction camp. The Contractor must provide, erect and maintain necessary living condition and ancillary facilities at the camp and all this must be included in contract document provided to the Contractor. The area requirement for the construction camp shall depend upon the size of contract, number of laborers employed and the extent of machinery deployed. The role and responsibility has been defined for different activities (pre-construction, construction and post construction phase) as shown below:

Table 13: Construction Camp Plan Sr. Activities Site Monitoring Responsibility No Responsibility Pre-Construction Stage 1. Identify the site for construction camp in Contractor The suitable sites shall be selected and consultation with the individual owners in case finalized in consultation with the PIU of private lands and the Gram Panchayat in case of government lands 2 Work out arrangements for setting up his Arrangements will be verified by the PIU facilities during the duration of construction with the land owner/Gram Panchayat 3 The arrangements will include the restoration of the site after the completion of construct ion 4 Submit a detailed layout plan for The plan shall be finalized or approved development of the construction camp by the PIU indicating the various structures to be constructed including the temporary structures to be put up, site roads, drainage, lighting and other facilities 6 Submit following documents for arrangement with landowners: Written No-objection certificate of the owner/cultivator, extent of land required and duration of the agreement, photograph of the site in original condition details of site redevelopment after completion 7 Provide, free of cost temporary living Contractor The documents shall be checked or accommodation in the camp site, to all the approved by the PIU workers/ employed by contractor for such a period as the construction maintenance work is in progress 8 Provide for a sufficient supply of potable water Monitoring by the PIU in the construction camps, in earthen pots 9 Identify suit able community water sources as hand pumps and ponds for procuring drinking water, in consultation with the Gram Panchayat. 10 Event of non-availability of other sources of potable water, the Contractor shall obtain water from an unprotected source, after the testing for its portability 11 Every water supply or storage shall be at a distance of not less than 15m from any wastewater / sewage drain or other source of pollution. Water sources within 15 m proximity of toilet , drain or any source of pollution will not be used as a source of drinking water in the project 12 Adequate and suitable facilities for washing Contractor Monitoring by the PIU clothes and utensils shall be provided on every site. 13 Separate and adequate bathing facilities shall be provided for the use of male and female workers. Such facilities shall be

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Sr. Activities Site Monitoring Responsibility No Responsibility conveniently accessible and shall be kept in clean and hygienic conditions. 14 Sanitary arrangements, latrines and urinals Contractor 15 shall be provided in every work place on the Monitoring by the PIU following scale: • Where female workers are employed, there shall be at least one latrine for every 25 females or part thereof.

• Where males are employed, there shall be at least one latrine for every 25 males or part thereof. • Every latrine shall be under cover and so partitioned off as to secure privacy, and shall have a proper door and fastenings. • Where workers of both sexes are employed, there shall be displayed outside each block of latrine and urinal, a notice in the language understood by the majority of the workers “For Men Only” or “For Women Only” as the case may be. • The latrines and urinals shall be adequately lighted and shall be maintained in a clean sanitary condition at all times and • Water shall be provided in or near the latrines and urinals by storage in drums 16 Arrangements for Waste Disposal Contractor Monitoring by the PIU Disposal of sanitary wastes and excreta shall be into septic tanks.

Kitchen wastes shall be disposed into soak pits.

Waste water from campsites will be discharged and disposed in a kitchen sump located at least 15 meters from water body of water. Sump capacity should be at least 1.3 times the maximum volume of waste water discharged per day. The bottom of the pit should be filled with coarse gravel and the sides shored up with board, etc. to prevent erosion and collapse of the pit

Solid wastes generated in the construction site shall be reused if

Sr. Activities Site Monitoring Responsibility No Responsibility recyclable or disposed off in land fill sites

17 First Aid Facilities; First Aid Box will be Contractor Monitoring by the PIU provided at every construction campsite and under the charge of a responsible person who shall always be readily available during working hours of the work place. It will be adequately trained in administering first aid- treatment. Formal arrangement shall be prescribed to make motor transport available to carry injured person or person suddenly taken ill to the nearest hospital. 19 Interactions with host communities Contractor Monitoring by the PIU Issue identity cards to laborers and residents of construction camps. Construction Phase 1 Construction camps shall be maintained free Contractor Monitoring by the PIU from litter and in hygienic condition. It should be kept free from spillage of oil, grease or bitumen. Any spillage should be cleaned immediately to avoid pollution of soil, water stored or adjacent water bodies Regular collection of solid wastes should be undertaken and should be disposed off safely

Post Construction Phase 1 At the completion of construction, all PIU will monitor the cleanliness of construction camp facilities shall be Contractor construction camp sites and ensure dismantled and removed from the site. that the sites are properly maintained The site shall be restored to a condition in no throughout the period of the contract. way inferior to the condition prior to commencement of the works. The restored site shall be inspected by Oil and fuel contaminated soil shall be the PIU and will issue “Restoration removed and transported and buried in waste Certificate”. The same shall be disposal areas. submitted to EE before final payments Construction campsite shall be grassed and claimed. trees cut replaced with saplings of similar tree species. Saplings planted shall be handed over to the community or the land owner for further maintenance and watering Soak pits and septic tanks shall be covered and effectively sealed off.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Table 14: Selection criteria for construction camp/site locations Avoid the following …… Prefer the following Lands within 500 m of habitations The government lands that are not being used for any activity (Waste lands) Irrigated agricultural lands Lands belonging to owners who look up Lands belonging to small farmers on the temporary use as a source of income Land sunder village forests

Lands within 100m of community Community lands or government land water bodies and water sources as rivers not used for beneficial purposes pond etc. Private non-irrigated lands where the Lands within 100mof watercourses owner is willing and

Low lying lands, marsh yare as Lands Lands with an existing access road supporting dense vegetation

Grazing lands and lands with tenure rights

Lands where there is no will in gness of the landowner to permit its use.

(ii) Waste Management Plan: The contractor will, prior to start of construction operations, identify potential sites for disposal of construction debris& sites for general construction wastes. The contractor will obtain approval on identified sites from the Engineer of PIU and DSC and disposal will be only after consent letter from the PIU. The procedures for this EMP are for handling, reuse and disposal of waste materials during construction. The waste materials generated can be classified into (i) Construction Waste and (ii) Domestic waste. The role and responsibility has been defined for different activities (Pre, construction and post construction phase) as shown below:

Table 15: Waste Management Plan Sr. Activity Site Monitoring No Responsibility Responsibility Pre-construction and Design Stage 1. Finalize design to minimize waste generation through balancing of cut and fill PIU PICU operations and minimizing excess cuts requiring disposal.

Identify the type of wastes as well as sources of waste during construct ion and suggest options for possible reuse

Provide guidelines to the contractor for locating waste disposal sites for non -toxic wastes

Identify existing landfill sites if available for disposal of toxic materials.

In case no existing landfill sites are available, identification of landfill sit e as well as decommissioning of this site should be undertaken.

Include in the bid document a special condition clause stating that all provisions shall be applicable to the locations of disposal of wastes

1 • Identify the activities during construction, Contractor Arrangements will be that have the potential to generate waste verified by the PIU and work out measures for t he same in Gram Panchayat (GP) to enable redressal of the construction schedule grievances at a later stage of the project. 2 For the disposal of excess cut and Contractor unsuitable materials, the contractor shall identify the location for disposal in consultation with the community / Gram Sabha.

3 Prior to disposal of wastes onto Contractor PIU private/community land, it shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to obtain a No - objection Certificate (NOC) from the

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Sr. Activity Site Monitoring No Responsibility Responsibility land owner/community.

4 Educate his workforce on issues Contractor PIU related to disposal of waste, the location of disposal site as well as the specific requirement for the management of these sites.

Construction & Post Construction Phase 1 Either reuse or dispose the waste Contr The generated during construct ion depending actor waste upon the nature of waste, management practices The reuse of waste shall be adopted by carried out by the contractor only after the carrying out the specific test s and ascertaining the quality of the waste Contrac materials used, tor, including the The contractor shall adopt management the following precautions while reusing of wastes at wastes for construction: Constru In case of bituminous wastes, ct ion camps, dumping will be carried out over a 60 mm etc. The work thick layer of rammed clay so as to shall be eliminate any chances of leaching. reviewed by the PIU. In case of filling of low-lying areas with wastes, it needs to be ensured that the level matches with the surrounding areas. In this case care should be taken

(iii) Construction Plants & Equipment Management Plan: During execution of the project, construction equipment, machinery and plants always have impact on the environment. The impact can be due to the emissions, dust, noise and oil spills that concern the safety and health of the workers, surrounding settlements and environment as a whole. The EMP describes the activities during the project stages where pollution control measures are required. The role and responsibility has been defined for different activities (Pre construction and post construction phase) as shown below:

Table 16: Construction Plants & Equipment Management Plan Sr.No Activity Site Monitoring Responsibility Responsibility Pre- construction and Design Stage 1. Selection criteria for setting up a plant area and Contractor Arrangements will be parking lot for equipment and vehicles shall be verified by PIU to enable re done as per sitting criteria for construction camp. dressal of grievances at a later stage of the project. Construction Stage 1 The Contractor must educate the workers Contractor • Contractor shall to undertake safety precaution while working at submit a copy of the the plant / site as well as around heavy NOC and PUC equipment. Certificates before The Contractor shall ensure all vehicles must possess Pollution Under Control (PUC) the start of work. Certificate, which and shall be renewed regularly. • The PIU shall The Contractor must ensure that all carry out periodic machinery, equipment, and vehicles shall inspection to ensure comply with the existing Central Pollution that all the pollution Control Board (CPCB) noise and emission control systems are norms . appropriately The Contractor shall design the service road with protection measures as black topping at installed and comply vulnerable points as in low lying areas. with existing The Contractor shall undertake measures as per emission and noise table to minimize the dust generation, emissions, norms. noise, oil spills, residual waste and accidents at the plant site as well as during transportation of material to construction site. During site clearance, all cut and grubbed materials shall be kept at a secured location so that it does not raise any safety concerns. During excavation, water sprinkling shall be done to minimize dust generation Frequent water sprinkling shall be done on the haul roads to minimize dust generation. In case of loose soils, compact ion shall be done prior to water sprinkling. Cautionary and informatory signs shall be provided at all locations specifying the type of operation in progress. The construction waste generated shall be disposed as per guidelines for “Waste Management Plan”. The equipment, which is required to move forward and backward, shall be equipped with alarm for backward movement. It shall be ensure that the workers shall remain away from the working areas at such times. Safety measures during bitumen construction work... - Ensure that bitumen storing, handling as well

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Sr.No Activity Site Monitoring Responsibility Responsibility as mixing shall be done at hot -mix plant or designated areas to prevent contamination of soil and ground water. - Skilled labour shall be used while hand placing the premixed bitumen material. - The hand placing of pre-mixed bituminous material shall be done only in following circumstances: For laying profile corrective courses of irregular shape and varying thickness In confined spaces where it is impracticable for a paver to operate and For filling potholes - Provide safety equipment i.e. gumboots and gloves to the workers while handling bitumen - While applying Tack Coat , spraying of bitumen shall be done in the wind direction. The labour shall wear jacket while spraying the bitumen - All the bituminous work shall be done as per IRC’s Manual for Construction and Supervision of Bituminous Works. Post Construction Phase 1 Ensur Contractor • Inspected by PIU e that all the haulroads are restored to the same is to be their original state. submitted to the EE In before final payment case any inner village road is damaged while transporting the procured material; claimed. the contractor Shallre store the road toits original condition Ensur e that the decommissioning of plant shall be done in environmentally sound fashion and the area to bring its original state.

Table 17: Measures at Plant Site Concern Causes Measures Dust Vehicle Movement • Water sprinkling Generation • Fine Material shall be transported in Bags or Covered by Tarpaulin during transportation

• Tail board shall be properly closed and sealed

Crushers Water sprinkling Concrete – Mix Plant Educate the workers for following good practices while material handling Emissions Hot-Mix Plant Site selection as per IRC’s Manuals for Construction & Supervision of Bitumen work Regular maintenance of Dust Collector as per manufacture’s recommendations Vehicles Regular maintenance as per manufacture’s recommendation Generators Exhaust vent of long length Heavy Load Vehicles Exhaust silencer, regular maintenance as per manufacture schedule Crushers Sitting Generators Shall be kept in closed room and regular maintenance as per good practice Oil Spills Storage and Handling Manufacture’s recommendation Residual Waste Dust Collector and Guidelines for waste management Concrete waste Concrete- Mix Plant Guidelines for waste Management Bitumen and Guidelines for waste Management Bitumen Mix Stone chips Crushers Guidelines for waste Management

Movable parts of Caution sign, Awareness among workers Plant Area / Site Caution sign, Safety Equipments Accidents / Health First Aid Box, Periodic Medical check up Break down of Arrangement for towing and brining it in to the workshop

(iv) Health and Safety Management Plan (HSMP): The safety and health concerns of the workers and the general public can be impacted due to the hazards created by construction activities. An Environment Management Plan for Public and Worker's Health and Safety has been prepared to describe the hazards and necessary mitigation measures. The detailed HSMP describes the hazards and measures that need to be taken to mitigate the impacts and is shown below.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Table 18: Health and Safety Management Plan (HSMP) Sr. Activity Site Monitoring No. Responsibility Responsibility Project Planning and Design Stage 1 To address health and safety concerns, the selection PIU PICU criteria for setting the Construction camp. 2 To address the safety concerns to road user during planning and designing phase, the plant shall contain the following” Selection and location of regulatory as well as informatory signs as per IRC: 67-2001, depending upon the geometry of the road. Provision of passing places and parapet wall shall be included in road design Pre Construction Stage 1 In order to incorporate public health and safety concerns, Contractor PIU Contractor shall disseminate the following information to the community: Location of construction camps, borrow areas and new quarry areas. Extent of work Time of construction Diversions, if any Precaution measures in sensitive areas Involvement of local labors in the road construction Health issues – water stagnation, exposure to dust, communicate disease Mechanism for grievances 2 The contractor must educate workers to undertake the Contractor PIU health and safety precautions. The contractor shall educate the workers regarding: Personal safety measures and location of safety devices. Interaction with the host community. Protection of environment with respect to: Trampling of vegetation and cutting of trees for cooking Restriction of activities in forest areas and also on hunting Water bodies protection Storage and handling of materials Disposal of construction waste Construction Stage 1 During the progress of work, following are the safety Contractor PIU requirement that need to be undertaken by the contractor at the construction site: Personal safety equipment (such as ear plug gumboots and gloves) for the workers Additional provision need to be undertaken for safety at site: Adequate lighting arrangement during night Adequate drainage system to avoid any stagnation of water Facilities for administering first aid. 2 The following measures need to be adopted by the Contractor

Sr. Activity Site Monitoring No. Responsibility Responsibility contractor to address public safety concerns: The contractor shall schedule the construction activities into consideration factors such as: Sowing of crops Harvesting Local hindrances such as festivals etc Availability of labour during particular periods All the cautionary signs as per IRC: 67:2001 and traffic control devices (such as barricades, etc) shall be placed as soon as construction activity get started and shall remain in place till the activities get completed. In case of blasting, the contractor must follow the Explosives Rules, 1983. Post Construction Stage 1 During this stage a major concern is on road user safety. Contractor PIU Following are the measures that need to be undertaken to ensure safer roads: Inspect and maintenance of installed regulatory and informatory signs Ensure that location of signage does not obstruct visibility In case of hill roads, maintenance of parapet wall as well as overtaking zone.

137. The Contractor shall, in accordance with the safety and health provisions specified in the EMP, provide workers with a safe and healthy working environment, in the work areas, through application of preventive and protective measures consistent with international good practice, as reflected in ADB’s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines. The PICU/PIU will take steps to prevent accidents, injury, and disease arising from, associated with, or occurring during the course of work. All works undertaken towards protection of environmental resources as part of the EMP and as part of good engineering practices while adhering to relevant specifications will be deemed to be incidental to works being carried out and no separate payment will be made unless otherwise specified explicitly. The costs towards environmental management as per EMP unless otherwise provided as a separate head, will be deemed to be part of the contract agreement with the contractor. The scope of works of the contractor towards the implementation of the environmental provisions shall be as follows:

(i) Abide by all existing environmental regulations and requirements of the local level, State Government of Madhya Pradesh and Government of India, during implementation. (ii) Compliance with all mitigation measures and monitoring requirements set out in the Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (EMMP). (iii) Submission of a method statement detailing how the project EMMP will be complied with. This shall include methods and schedules of monitoring (iv) Compliance with all measures required for construction activities in sensitive areas, in line with the regulatory requirements of these protected areas, and the guidelines set forth in the management plans for these areas. (v) Compliance of all safety rules and regulations applicable at work, and provision of adequate health and safety measures such as water, food, sanitation, personal protective equipment, workers’ insurance, and medical facilities.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

(vi) Provide appropriate equipment to minimize risks and requiring and enforcing its use; (vii) Provide training to the workers appropriate incentives to use and comply with health and safety procedures and protective equipment; (viii) Documenting and reporting occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents; and (ix) Provide first aid facilities in all the work sites and workers camp and having qualified first aider to give first aid at the time of any accident. (x) Contractor shall provide safe drinking water, clean eating and resting. (xi) Contractor shall have prepared emergency response plan with full details and methods of emergency response during any accident and shall have and display the emergency Contact numbers at site. (xii) Contractor should follow all the applicable rules and regulations for workers safety.

138. In addition to above mitigation and management plans some plans like pest management and nutrient management plan also given in Annexure 6 needed to be incorporated in the project report, to achieve the objective and optimum benefit of the project.

B. Environmental Monitoring Plan

139. Environmental monitoring will be done during construction in three levels: (i) monitoring of project performance indicators to be done by the contractor; (ii) monitoring of implementation of mitigation measures done by the PIU; and (iii) overall regulatory monitoring of the environmental issues done by the PICU Environmental Specialist. The monitoring carried out by the contractor through the approved agency will be supervised by the Environment Safeguard Specialist of the PIU. The Environmental Monitoring Plan for the project is presented in Table 19. The proposed monitoring of all relevant environmental parameters, with a description of the sampling stations, frequency of monitoring, applicable standards and responsible agencies are presented.

Table 19: Environmental Monitoring Plan S. Attributes Stage Parameters to be Location Frequency Responsibility No. monitored 1 Construction Construction Safe disposal of Major Random Contractor wastes Stage construction wastes construction checks disposal sites 2 Dust No. of tankers for Major Random Contractor suppression water sprinkling, construction checks Timing of sites sprinkling, Location of sprinkling, Log Book 2 Ambient Air Construction RPM, SPM, SO2, Major Onceinasea Contractor, to be Quality Stage NOx, CO construction son (except monitor through sites monsoons) engagement of for the agency approved entire under NABL constructio Accreditation norm n period 3 Water quality Construction TDS, TSS, pH, Two Locations Twice a Contractor, to be stage DO,BOD, COD, &in all year (pre- monitor through

S. Attributes Stage Parameters to be Location Frequency Responsibility No. monitored FaecalColi form, construction monsoon engagement of Ammonia, camp and post- agency approved Nitrogen, monsoon) under NABL Organophosphates, for the Accreditation norm entire period of construction 4 Noise Levels Construction Equivalent Day& All Once in as Contractor, to and Night Time Noise Construction Eason monitor through on Operation Levels sites during approved monitoring Stage constructio Agency n 5 Supply of Construction Provision of PPE All Continuous Contractor PPE Stage on site, adequacy Construction of equipment sites 6 Establishing Construction Access to health All Continuous Contractor Medical Stage facilities for the Construction facilities construction sites workers 7 Accident Construction No. of fatal All Continuous Contractor record Stage accidents, No. of construction injuries, No. of sites disabilities 8 Post Post Whether temporary All Post Contractor construction construction locations for Construction constructio clearance of workers camp, site sites n site office, batching plant and other construction locations are restored to pre- project conditions

C. Implementation Arrangement

1. Institutional Requirements

140. The institutional requirements specify the arrangements for the implementation of project and environmental provisions in the project. The project is planned to execute through design-build-operation (DBO) model. The following arrangements have been made for implementation of the project.

a. Project Implementation and Coordination Unit (PICU) and Project Implementation Unit (PIU)

141. The Water Resources Department Madhya Pradesh (MPWRD) is the executing agency. The PICU established for the overall project implementation and management at Bhopal and the PIU will be established for implementation of the Water Resources Department at project level. A Safeguards Specialist (SS) is within the PICU, and SS in the PIU are responsible for overall management implementation of the resettlement and environmental safeguard provisions.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

142. MPWRD is planning project feasibility, approving designs, and supervising construction and implementation. Private turnkey contractors will be engaged through national competitive bidding. The turnkey contractor will carry out detailed design, construction, manage the operation for an initial period, and hand over to the department after initial successful operation of the scheme.

143. During the project implementation, The Environmental Specialist in the PIU will regularly monitor the status of environmental management in the project covering (i) compliance with environmental screening; (ii) compliance in the design with requirements in IEE; and (iii) compliance with the environmental management during construction. Contractors will be required by their contracts to implement all specified mitigation measures.

2. Capacity Building

a. Institutional Strengthening

144. MPWRD is the executing agency. The PICU has been established in Bhopal for the overall project implementation and management. The project will be implemented by the PIU, Zirapur. A Safeguards Specialist is proposed within the PICU, and will be responsible for implementation of the resettlement and environmental safeguard provisions. One environmental and social safeguard specialist to be posted at PIU and one environmental and social safeguard specialist at PICU will oversee the implementation of the environmental provisions related to project implementation, consistent with the ADBs Environmental Assessment Guidelines and the environmental compliance requirements of the Government of Madhya Pradesh and the Government of India.

3. Training and Capacity Building

145. The Environmental Specialist of the PICU will provide the basic training required for environmental awareness followed by specific aspects of KIP along with environmental implication. Specific modules customized for the available skill set will be devised after assessing the capabilities of the members of the Training Programme and the requirements of the project. The entire training would cover basic principles of environmental assessment and management; mitigation plans and programmes, implementation techniques, monitoring methods and tools. The proposed training program along with the frequency of sessions is presented in Table 20.

Table 20: Training Modules for Environmental Management Training Program Description Participants Form of Duration/ Conductin Training Location g Agency Pre-Construction Stage

Sensitization Introduction to Environment: Forest/ Workshop 1 Environmen Workshop Basic Concept of environment Roads/Culture Working tal Environmental Regulations and Department Day Specialist of Statutory requirements as per Officials, Executive the PICU Government of Engineer and India and ADB Environmental Specialist(ES)of the

Training Program Description Participants Form of Duration/ Conductin Training Location g Agency PICU/PIU Session-I Module-I Introduction to Environment: PICU/PIU (including Lecture 1Working Safeguar Basic Concept of environment the ES) and Day ds Safeguards Regulations and Engineering staff of Specialist Statutory requirements as per the implementing of the Govt. of India and ADB agencies PICU Guidelines, Environmental considerations in planning, design and implementing projects Module-II Environmental components PICU/ PIU Workshop 1 Safeguards Impacted in construction and (including Working Specialist operation stages Activities The ES)and Day of the causing pollution during Engineering staff of PICU construction and operation Tourism dept stages Environmental Management Environmental Provisions Implementation Arrangements Methodology of Assessment Good Engineering practices to be integrated into contract documents Module-III Improved Co-ordination with PICU/PIU (including Lecture/ 1Working Safeguards Other Departments: Statutory ES) and Interactive Day Specialist Permissions–Procedural engineering staff of Sessions of the Requirements Co-operation & Tourism department PICU Coordination with other Departments.

Construction Stage

Session-II Module-VI Role during Construction- Engineers and Lecture/ 1Working Safeguards Roles and Responsibilities of Staff of line Interactive Day Specialist officials/contractors/ consultants departments of the Sessions of the towards protection of Government of PIU environment Implementation Madhya Pradesh, Arrangements Monitoring and PICU/PIU mechanisms (including the ES) Module-VII Monitoring and Reporting Engineers and Lecture/ 1Working Safeguards System Staff of Interactive Day Specialist implementing Sessions of the agencies and PIU PICU/PIU (including the ES)

Notes: PICU = project implementation and coordination unit; PIU = project implementation unit; ES = Environment Specialist;

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

D. Environmental Budget

146. As part of good engineering practices in the project, there have been several measures as erosion prevention, rehabilitation of borrow areas, safety, signage, provision of temporary drains, etc., the costs for which will be included in the design costs of specific civil works. Therefore, costs of these items have not been included in the IEE budget. Only those items not covered under budgets for construction are considered in the IEE budget. The costs of personal protective equipment to construction workers shall be borne by contractor as part of conditions of contract. In addition, the sources of funds for mitigation measures during construction stage including monitoring are also to be borne by the contractor. These are deemed to be included as part of the contract price amount quoted by the contractor for the works. The costs of components for monitoring in operation stage and the capacity building costs are to be funded by the PICU. The EMP cost is given in the Table 21.

147. The costs for operation of the GRM, staff resources will be part of MPWRD routine budget.

Table 21: Environmental Budget S. Particulars Stage Unit Total Rate Cost(INR Sourceof No. number (INR) ) fund Monitoring Measures During Construction Period (per year)

1 Dust Suppression at construction lump sumLump sum 500,000 1,00,000500,000 Contractor Contractor’s construction sites Lump Cost

sum 2 Water quality Construction Per 3x 5 10,000 150,000 Contractor sample 2 Air quality monitoring Construction Per sample 3x5 10,000 150,000 Contractor

3 Noise Levels Construction Per 3x5 5,000 75,000 Contractor Sample Monitoring Measures During Operation Phase (per year)

1 Air quality Operation Per Sample Once at 2 10,000 20,000 locations 2 Noise Levels Operation Per Once at 2 5,000 10,000 Implement Sample locations ing Agencies 3 Water quality Operation - Once at 2 10,000 20,000 cost locations

Sub -Total(A+B) 5,25,000 1 Sensitization Workshop Ones L.S

PICU

6,00,000 Sub -Total(C) 6,00,000 Total Rupees Fifteen Lakhs and Twenty Five Thousand only (A+B+C) 11,25,000

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

E. Environmental Monitoring and Reporting

148. The PICU will monitor and measure the progress of EMP implementation. The monitoring activities will be corresponding with the project’s risks and impacts and will be identified in the IEE for the projects. In addition to recording information of the work, deviation of work components from original scope, the PICU and PIU will undertake site inspections and document review to verify compliance with the EMP and progress toward the final outcome. The PIU will submit monthly monitoring and implementation reports to PICU, who will take follow-up actions, if necessary. PIU will submit the quarterly monitoring and implementation reports to PICU. The PICU will submit semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB. Project budgets will reflect the costs of monitoring and reporting requirements. Monitoring reports will be posted in a location accessible to the public.

149. ADB will review project performance against MPWRD’s commitments as agreed in the legal documents. The extent of ADB's monitoring and supervision activities will be commensurate with the project’s risks and impacts. Monitoring and supervising of social and environmental safeguards will be integrated into the project performance management system. ADB will monitor projects until a project completion report is issued. ADB will carry out the following monitoring actions to supervise project implementation:

(i) conduct periodic site visits for projects with adverse environmental or social impacts; (ii) conduct supervision missions with detailed review by ADB’s safeguard specialists/ officers or consultants for projects with significant adverse social or environmental impacts; (iii) review the periodic monitoring reports submitted by MPWRD to ensure that adverse impacts and risks are mitigated as planned and as agreed with ADB; (iv) work with MPWRD to rectify to the extent possible any failures to comply with their safeguard commitments, as covenanted in the legal agreements, and exercise remedies to re-establish compliance as appropriate; and (v) Prepare a project completion report that assesses whether the objective and desired outcomes of the safeguard plans have been achieved, taking into account the baseline conditions and the results of monitoring.

IX. CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

150. The significance of the environmental impacts will be more due to the construction related impacts. It is to be noted that the resultant potential impacts from this project can be offset through provision of proven mitigation measures during the design and adoption of good engineering practices during construction and implementation. Further, the project will improve the irrigation efficiency as a result of which crop production will enable upliftment of urban population living in small to medium size town, of Rajgarh and Agar districts.

151. The specific management measures laid down in the IEE will effectively address any adverse environmental impacts due to the project. The effective implementation of the measures proposed will be ensured through the building up of capacity towards environmental management within the PICU supplemented with the technical expertise of a Safeguards Specialist as part of the PIU. Further, the environmental monitoring plans provide adequate opportunities towards course correction to address any residual impacts during construction or operation stages.

152. The IEE carried out for the project show that the proposed project will result in net benefits in terms of enhanced agricultural activities and production generate multiple type of indirect employment and revenue generation, and that any adverse environmental impact can be addressed through proper location of project components, planning, and design of the proposed project; control of construction activity and mitigation measures. The EMP provides mitigation of all identified impacts and the contract clauses for the environmental provisions. Further, the proposed designs have been consulted with the stakeholders. No significant issues were reported which required redress in terms of environmental safeguards.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Annexure 1: Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist Instructions This checklist has been prepared to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorization form that is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance officer of the Regional and Sustainable Development Department. This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB checklists and handbooks on (i) involuntary resettlement, (ii) indigenous peoples planning, (iii) poverty reduction, (iv) participation , and (v) gender and development Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case.The purpose is to identify potential impacts.Usethe“remarks”sectiontodiscussanyanticipatedmitigationmeasures

Country /Project Title: MPIEIP-Madhya Pradesh- Madhya Pradesh Irrigation Efficiency Improvement Project Sector Division: SAUW (South Asia Urban Development and Water Division) Screening Questions Yes No REMARKS Project Siting Is the Project are adjacent to or within any of the following environmentally sensitive areas? Protected Area √ Wetland √ Mangrove √ Estuarine √ Buffer zone of protected area √ Special area for protecting √ biodiversity Potential Environmental impacts Will the project cause Loss of precious ecological values √ (e.g. result of encroachment into forests/swamplands or historical/cultural buildings/ areas, disruption of hydrology of natural waterways, regional flooding, and drainage hazards)? Conflicts in water supply rights and √ related social conflicts? Impediments to movements of people √ and animals? Potential ecological problems due to √ Minimal impact–after laying the increased soil erosion and siltation, leading to distribution system will be underground. decreased stream capacity? After laying, proper re-vegetation would be carried out. Insufficient drainage leading to salinity √ Not likely as Distribution of water will be intrusion? through pipe and where necessary cross drainage will be provided. Over pumping of groundwater, leading √ to Stalinization and ground subsidence? Impairment of downstream water quality √ and therefore, impairment of downstream beneficial uses of water? Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of √ people?

Potential social conflicts arising from √ land tenure and land use issues? Soil erosion before compaction and Not part of the project scope lining of canals? Noise from construction equipment? √ Minor impact envisaged during the activity due to regular functioning of compressors. Adoption of mitigation measures shall effectively address such impact during construction. Dust? √ Minor impact envisaged during the activity due to regular functioning of compressors. Adoption of mitigation measures shall effectively address such impact during construction. Labour- related social problems √ especially if workers from different areas are hired? Water logging and soil salinization due √ Not likely- the drainage problem will be to in adequate drainage and farm management? taken care in the planning and design stage Leaching of soil nutrients and changes √ Minimal- the Agriculture support program in soil characteristics due to excessive application will train farmers in the appropriate use of irrigation water? of pesticides and fertilizer and integrated pest management Reduction of downstream water supply Not part of the project scope during peak seasons? Soil pollution, polluted farm runoff and √ Minimal- the Agriculture support program groundwater, and public health risks due to will train farmers in the appropriate use excessive application of fertilizers and pesticides? of pesticides and fertilizer and integrated pest management Soil erosion (furrow, surface) √ Scouring of canals? Not part of the project scope Logging of canals by sediments? Not part of the project scope Clogging of canals by weeds? Not part of the project scope Seawater intrusion into downstream Not part of the project scope freshwater systems? Introduction of increase in incidence of √ Minimal impact as the storage will be waterborne or water related diseases? small

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Annexure 2: Plant Species Reported in the Kundalia Project Area Botanical name Family Habit Bambusa species Poaceae Bamboo Asparagus racemosus Liliaceae Climber Cryptolepis species Asclepiadaceae Climber Ipomoea species Convolvulaceae Climber Luffia species Fabaceae Climber Mucuna pruriens Fabaceae Climber Ichnocarpus species Apocynaceae Climber Vallaris solanacea Apocynaceae Climber Butea parviflora Fabaceae Scandent shrub Nyctanthes arbortrisits Oleaceae Scandent Shrub Miliusa tomentosa Annonaceae Scandent tree Calotropis gigantean Asclepiadaceae Shrub Calotropis procera Asclepiadaceae Shrub Carica carranda Caesalpiniaceae Shrub Dichrostachys cinerea Mimosaceae Shrub Euphorbia neriifolia Euphorbiaceae Shrub Gardenia latifolia Rubiaceae Shrub Ipomoea pes-caprae Convolvulaceae Shrub Lantana camara Verbenaceae Shrub Ricinus communis Euphorbiaceae Shrub Thespesia lampas Malvaceae Shrub Vitex negundo Verbenaceae Shrub Zizyphus nummularia Rhamnaceae Shrub Zizyphus oenoplia Rhamnaceae Shrub Jatropha curcas Euphorbiaceae Small tree Acacia catechu Mimosaceae Tree Acacia nilotica Mimosaceae Tree Aegle marmelos Rutaceae Tree Ailanthus excels Simarubiaceae Tree Albizzia lebbek Mimosaceae Tree Albizzia procera Mimosaceae Tree Anogeissus pendula Combretaceae Tree Anona squamosal Annonaceae Tree Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Tree Bauhinia malabarica Caesalpinaceae Tree Bombax ceiba Bombacaceae Tree Bombax insigni Bombacaceae Tree Butea monosperma Fabaceae Tree Cassia fistula Caesalpiniaceae Tree Citrus aurantium Rutaceae Tree Cordia myxa Boraginaceae Tree Dalbergia sissoo Fabaceae Tree Diospyros species Ebernaceae Tree Emblica officinalis Euphorbiaceae Tree Eucalyptus species Myrtaceae Tree Feronia limonia Rutaceae Tree Ficus bengalensis Moraceae Tree Ficus glomerata Moraceae Tree Ficus infectoria Moraceae Tree Ficus religiosa Moraceae Tree Garuga pinnata Burseraceae Tree

Holarrhena pubescens Apocynaceae Tree Holoptelea integrifolia Mimosaceae Tree Madhuca indica Sapotaceae Tree Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae Tree Melia dubia Meliaceae Tree Phoenix acaulis Palmae Tree Radermachera xylocaropa Bignoniaceae Tree Soymidia febrifuga Meliaceae Tree Syzygium heyneanum Myrtaceae Tree Syzygium jambolanum Myrtaceae Tree Tamarindus indica Caesalpiniaceae Tree Tectona grandis Verbenaceae Tree Terminalia belerica Combretaceae Tree Wedlandia exserta Rubiaceae Tree Zizyphus jujube Rhamnaceae Tree Zizyphus mauritiana Rhamnaceae Tree Acalypha indica L. Euphorbiaceae Herb Acanthospermum hispidum DC. Asteraceae Herb Aerva lanata Juss. ex Schultes Amaranthaceae Herb Alternanthera pungens Kunth Amaranthaceae Herb Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees Acanthaceae Herb Anisomeles indica L. Lamiaceae Herb Apluda varia Hack. Poaceae Herb Argemone mexicana L. Papaveraceae Herb Bacopa monnieri L. Scophulariaceae Herb Barleria prionitis L. Acanthaceae Herb Blumea lacera (Burm. f.) DC Asteraceae Herb

Boerhavia diffusa L. Nyctaginaceae Herb Caesulia axillaris Roxb. Asteraceae Herb Carex cyperoides Dewey. Cyperaceae Herb Cassia absus L. Caesalpiniaceae Herb Cassia tora L. Caesalpiniaceae Herb Celosia argentea L Amaranthaceae Herb Centella asiatica (L.) Urban Apiaceae Herb Centipeda minima A. Br. & Aschers Asteraceae Herb Chloris barbata Domin. Poaceae Herb Clitoria ternatea L Fabaceae Herb Cnicus involucratus Wall. ex DC. Asteraceae Herb Convolvulus arvensis L. Convolvulaceae Herb Corchorus aestuans L Tiliaceae Herb Crysopogon gryllus (L.) Trinius Poaceae Herb Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. Hypoxidaceae Herb Cuscuta reflexa Roxb Cuscutaceae Herb Cymbopogon martini Stapf. Poaceae Herb Cynodon dactylon Pers. Poaceae Herb Cyperus auricomus Benth. Cyperaceae Herb Cyperus cuspidatus Baker. Cyperaceae Herb Cyperus cyperoides Britton Cyperaceae Herb Cyperus rotundus L. Cyperaceae Herb Dactyloctenium aegyptiacum Willd. Poaceae Herb Desmodium pulchellum Benth Fabaceae Herb Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC. Fabaceae Herb

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Desmostachya bipinatata Stapf Poaceae Herb Digitania longiflora Pers Poaceae Herb Digitania ternata Stapf. Poaceae Herb Echinops echinatus Roxb. Asteraceae Herb Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. Asteraceae Herb Eragrostis tremula Hoshst Poaceae Herb Erianthus fulvus Kunth. Poaceae Herb Euphorbia hirta L. Euphorbiaceae Herb Euphorbia thymifolia L. Euphorbiaceae Herb Evolvulus alsinoides L. Scophulariaceae Herb Fimbristylis diphylla Vahl. Cyperaceae Herb Helicteres isora L. Sterculiaceae Herb Hygrophila auriculata (Schumach.) Heine Acanthaceae Herb Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. Lamiaceae Herb Imperata cylindrica Beauv. Poaceae Herb Indigofera astragalina DC Fabaceae Herb Lepidagathis incurve Buch-Ham.ex D.Don Acanthaceae Herb Leucas cephalotes (Koenig ex Roth.) Spreng Lamiaceae Herb Lipocarpha argentea R.Br. cyperaceae Herb Martynia annua L. Martyniaceae Herb Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn Nelumbonaceae Herb Panicum montanum Roxb. Poaceae Herb Paspalidium flavidum A. Camus Poaceae Herb Paspalum compactumRoth ex Roem. & Schult. Poaceae Herb Paspalum conjugation Berg. Poaceae Herb Paspalum orbiculare Forst.f. Poaceae Herb Peristrophe paniculata Brumitt Acanthaceae Herb Phyla nodiflora L. Verbenaceae Herb Physalis minima L. Solanaceae Herb Plumbago zeylanica L. Plumbaginaceae Herb Pogostemon benghalense Burm.f. Lamiaceae Herb Polygonum barbatum L. Polygonaceae Herb Pseudechinolaena polystachya Stapf. Poaceae Herb Pseudosorghum fasiculare A. Camus Poaceae Herb Rumex dentatus L. Polygonaceae Herb Scirpus articulates L. Cyperaceae Herb Scoparia dulcis L. Scophulariaceae Herb Sesamum indicum L. Pedaliaceae Herb Setaria glauca Beauv. Poaceae Herb Sida acuta Burm.f. Malvaceae Herb Solanum nigrum L. Solanaceae Herb Sphaeranthus indicus L. Asteraceae Herb Tephrosia purpurea (L.) R.Br. Fabaceae Herb Themeda quadrivalvis Kuntze. Poaceae Herb Trianthema portulacastrum L. Aizoaceae Herb Tribulus terrestris L. Zygophyllaceae Herb Tridax procumbens L. Asteraceae Herb Tripogon tiliformis Nees ex Steud. Poaceae Herb Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. Tiliaceae Herb Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. Asteraceae Herb Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash. Poaceae Herb Xanthium strumarium L. Asteraceae Herb

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Annexure 3: Potential Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures for Components Proposed under Kundalia Irrigation Project S.No. Potential Impacts Duration/Ext Magnitude Mitigation Measures Overall Superv Stag ent Respons ision & e ibility Quality Respo nsibilit y Activity Impact Perman Te Sign Mode Insi ent (P)) mp ifica rate gnifi ora nt (M) cant ry (S) (I) (T) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) Component (i): Pipe distribution system Major activity/civil work in pipe distribution system for excavation of trench for laying of pipe, jointing, valves installation 1. Pipeline Land P S Since the layout of pipeline is not Executive PICU L routing acquisition finalized, it is not possible to quantify the Engineer quantum and ownership of land to be acquired. However, Before implementation, the actual measurement is to be taken with the help of Patwari and proper compensation of land & their land crop to be given to the farmers as per R & R policy of MP govt. A separate detail R & R plan is being formulated for the same. Disturbance T I Minimize number of water course Executive PICU D to Vegetation crossings & crossing watercourses at Engineer & wildlife right angles to conserve aquatic & terrestrial resources. Minimize pipeline length in order to minimize potential disturbance to aquatics, wetlands, vegetation, wildlife, heritage resources Disturbance T I Minimize crossings of marshes, swamps, Executive PICU D to wildlife bogs and sloughs to conserve wetlands, Engineer habitat wildlife, habitat

Avoid or minimize length of isolated bush or wooded area. 2. Excavation Air/Noise T I Air pollution control measure like water Executive PICU C Pollution sprinkling Engineer Limit hours of operation in populated areas Use of barriers to reduce exposure Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission construction equipment generator set s and pollution free certified vehicles may be used Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construct ion sites. Water T I Dump solid waste in specified place to Executive PICU C Pollution minimize contamination of water. Engineer Discharge waste water at designated locations and after treatment after consultation with the PIU. Soil Pollution T I Mixing of top soil/sub soil causes dilution Executive PICU C of organic material. & nutrients in top soil. Engineer Soil conservation can be achieved by the proper selection of diameter of pipeline, season of construction, type of trenching/pipe installation, equipment to be used Parallel existing linear developments (e.g. near to roads, power lines, rail lines) to minimize overall area of disturbance.

Worker/Local T I Provide safety measures (mask, gloves, Executive PICU C people hat et c) to minimize exposure to the Engineer Exposure workers. Provide sirens in vehicles to avoid any collision with human/animals. Child labour must be strictly prohibited. Provide signage near work sites. Locate handling sites away from populated areas.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

3. Disposal of Air, Water, T I Disposal of excavated Material will lead Executive PICU C Excavated Soil Pollution to air, water and soil pollution To mitigate Engineer Material this impact ,a disposal plan with quantum (generated/ utilized/ disposed off ) shall be part of contract agreement Disposal Area shall be pre-identified with due consent of local community prior t o initiate work Quality of excavated material shall be assessed before disposal. Remove extra muck and vegetation material as soon as possible from site. Dumping of extra excavated material/vegetation only in designated place by engineer of PIU to minimize impact on environment. Air pollution control measure like water sprinkling. Limit hours of operation in populated areas. Use of barriers to reduce exposure. Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission construction equipment generator set s and pollution free certified vehicles may be used. Avoid traffic in populated areas as much as possible Install speed breaker and signage near sett laments. Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construct ion sites. Blockage / T I Backfill & Leveling to be done to restore Executive PICU O Damage to the work location as before. Engineer natural drains and flow of water during trenching

4 Heavy Air / Noise T I Air pollution control measure like water Executive PICU C Machinery Pollution sprinkling. Engineer Truck/Traffic Limit hours of operation in populated and Haulage areas. of Machinery Use of barriers to reduce exposure. handling Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission construction equipment generator set s and pollution free certified vehicles may be used. Avoid traffic in populated areas as much as possible Install speed breaker and signage near sett laments. Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construct ion sites. Soil Pollution T I Collection and recycling of lubricants. Executive PICU C Soil pollution can be reduced by the Engineer proper selection of equipment to be used. Measures to prevent accidental spills. Parallel existing linear developments (e.g. near to roads, trails, power lines, rail lines) to minimize overall area of disturbance.

Worker/Local T I Provide safety measures (mask, gloves, Executive PICU C people hat et c) to minimize exposure to the Engineer exposure workers. Provide sirens in vehicles to avoid any collision with human/animals. Organize awareness programs on environmental resource management. Child labour must be strictly prohibited. Provide signage near work sites. Locate handling sites away from populated areas.

5 Material Air / Noise T I Air pollution control measure like water Executive PICU C

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Handling Pollution sprinkling Engineer Storage And Limit hours of operation in populated Transport areas Use of barriers to reduce exposure Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission construction equipment generator set s and pollution free certified vehicles may be used Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construct ion sites. Worker/Local T I Provide safety measures (mask, gloves, Executive PICU C people hat et c) to minimize exposure Engineer exposure Provide sirens in vehicles to avoid any collision with human/animals Child labour must be strictly prohibited Provide signage near work sites Locate handling sites away from populated areas Follow proper operation and handling measures to minimize exposure 6 Laying & Over head T I Using tougher steel with special Executive PICU C jointing of Lines, Crane characteristics to prevent puncture and Engineer pipes toppling, pipeline leaks. crane failure, Adequate safe distance is to ensure collapse of before proceeding for laying activity or trench. through tandem lifting by use of New Generation Hydra. Ensure No Free swinging of Hook or make distance before doing it Sufficient platform to make available for approach of crane and for its stability. Working distance of crane is to be more than the depth of Trench. Third party certificate of crane and belt. Fire Hazard Minimum 500 mm distance to be ensured Executive PICU C between MNGL line & pipeline. Engineer Availability of Responsible Person for close supervision

Presence of Concerned dept representative for monitoring the activity. Water T I Inspection of 100%welds that join the Executive PICU C Pollution pipe Engineer 7 Small Tools Air / Noise T I Air pollution control measure like water Executive PICU C and Pollution sprinkling Engineer P umps Limit hours of operation in populated areas Use of barriers to reduce exposure Pump and tools may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Avoid traffic in populated areas as much as possible Install speed breaker and signage near settlements. Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construct ion sites. Soil Erosion T I Limitation of earth moving to dry periods. Executive PICU C Protect ion of vulnerable areas with Engineer mulch. Protection of drainage channels with beams, straw or fabric barriers. Worker/Local T I Provide safety measures (mask, gloves, Executive PICU C people hat et c) to minimize exposure to the Engineer Exposure workers. Provide sirens in vehicles to avoid any collision with human/animals. Child labour must be strictly prohibited. Provide signage near work sites. Locate handling sites away from populated areas. Follow proper operation and handling measures to minimize exposure. The work and campsites shall have suitable facilities for handling any emergency situation like fire, explosion, etc. 8 Labour Impact on T M The construction campsites shall be Executive PICU C Camps Human located away from any local human Engineer health, settlement.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP) especially Routine medical checkup of Field staff workers and labors. working Provision of potable drinking water at at site. construction Provision of proper sewage and waste sites disposal system. Sanitation facilities have to be provided at the camp sites. Awareness program on HIV Aids and other communicable disease may be provided t o t he work force. First aid facilities to be provided at the construction camps. Any case of disease outbreak may be immediately subjected to medical treatment. Mosquito repellent to be provided to t he labors such as odomas, coil and sprays. The camps may maintain cleanliness and hygienic condition. Proper ventilation may be provided in labour camps. To avoided tree cutting, Community kitchen to be provided in the labour camps Sufficient fuel LPG to be provided to the camp. Head phones, ear plugs t o be provided to the workers at construct ion sits e. All workers employed on mixing of asphaltic material, cement, lime mortars, concrete et c. may be provided with protective foot wear and protective goggles. Adequate precaution must be taken to prevent danger from electrical equipments Land scope T M Carry plantation work on open sites Executive PICU C Degradation Do not dump waste along settlement or Engineer access rout e Frame waste disposal program Develop green belts along approach road On completion of the works all the

temporary structures may be cleared away, all rubbish disposed, excreta and disposal pits or trenches filled in and effectively sealed off and the whole sit e. Component (ii) : Pump stations, pumping sub-stations, valves and control system and its power supply system including transmission/distribution line and switch gear 1 Sitting of Land P M Since the location of pump station/sub- Executive PICU C pump Acquisition station and Right of Way is not finalized, Engineer station/sub- it is not possible to quantify the quantum station & its and ownership of land to be acquired. power Preferably Govt lands to be taken for supply pump station/pumping sub-station. system If private land is to be acquired, the actual measurement is to be taken with the help of Patwari and proper compensation of land & their crop to be given to the farmers as per R & R policy of MP govt. A detailed R & R plan to be formulated for the same. 2 Excavation Collapse of T I Slope cutting should be maintained as Executive PICU C Soil per the angle of repose. Engineer Hard barricading should be provided. Ensure movement of vehicle at a safe distance from trench. Excavated material to be dumped away from edge. Ground T I Dewatering far from the trench, which has Executive PICU C Water no impact on working area. Engineer seepage Collision in T I In tractor, no songs should be played Executive PICU C Excavator/Tr Experienced operators having proper Engineer actor license to be engaged /dumper Helpers with every excavator should be provided. Air/Noise T I Air pollution control measure like water Executive PICU C pollution sprinkling Engineer Limit hours of operation in populated areas Use of barriers to reduce exposure

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission construction equipment generator set s and pollution free certified vehicles may be used Noise and air quality monitoring may be conducted at construct ion sites. Water T I Dump solid waste in specified place to Executive PICU C Pollution minimize contamination of water. Engineer Discharge waste water at designated locations and treatment after consultation with the PIU. Soil Pollution T I A muck disposal plan with quantum Executive PICU (generated/ utilized/ disposed off ) shall Engineer be part of contract agreement Disposal Area shall be pre-identified with due consent of local community prior t o initiate work Quality of muck shall be assessed before disposal. Remove extra muck and vegetation material as soon as possible from site. Dumping of extra excavated material/vegetation only in designated place by the engineers to minimize impact on environment. 3 Fabrication Noise/Air T I All materials to be used shall be straight Executive PICU C of pollution /or flattened and shall be free from twist. Engineer pump/pumpi Cutting shall perform by shearing, ng sub- grinding or Gas cutting stations Components shall not be assembled and aligned in such a manner that they are twisted nor have any damages. Any force fitting, pulling / stretching of members to join them shall be avoided. Air pollution control measure like water sprinkling. Limit hours of operation. Use of barriers to reduce exposure.

Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission equipment , generator sets and pollution free certified vehicles may be used Noise and air quality monitoring may be conducted at fabrication sites. 4 Reinforcement Noise/Air T I Limit hours of operation in populated Executive PICU C work pollution areas. Engineer Use of barriers and noise damping devices to reduce sound Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission construction equipment generator sets. Noise and air quality monitoring may be conducted at construction sites. 5 Sitting of Worker / T I The construction campsites shall be Executive PICU C Labor Camps local located away from any local human Engineer People settlement Exposure Provide safety measures (mask, gloves, hat etc) to minimize exposure to labors. Provide sirens in vehicles to avoid any collision with human/animals. Organize awareness programs on environment al resource management. Organize Health camps. Child labor must be strictly prohibited. Provide signage near work sites. Follow proper operation and handling measures to minimize exposure. The work and campsites shall have suitable facilities for handling any emergency situation like fire, explosion, etc. Impact on T I Routine medical checkup of Field staff Executive PICU O human and labors. Engineer health Provision of pot able drinking water at

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

site. Provision of proper sewage and waste disposal system. Sanitation facilities have to be provided at the camp sites. Awareness program on HIV Aids and other communicable disease may be provided to the work force. First aid facilities to be provided at the construction camps. Any case of disease outbreak may be immediately subjected to medical treatment. Mosquito repellent to be provided to t he labors such as odomas, coil and sprays. The camps may maintain cleanliness and hygienic condition. Proper ventilation may be provided in labour camps To avoided tree cutting Community kitchen to be provided in the labour camps Sufficient fuel LPG t o be provided to the camp. Head phones, ear plugs to be provided to the workers at construction site. All workers employed on mixing of asphaltic material, cement, lime mortars, concrete et c. may be provided with protective foot wear and protective goggles. Workers involved in welding work may be provided with welder’s protective eye shields Adequate precaution shall be taken to prevent danger from electrical equipments.

6 Heavy Air / Noise T I Air pollution control measure like water Executive PICU C Machinery Pollution sprinkling Engineer Truck/Traffic Limit hours of operation in populated and Haulage areas of Machinery Use of barriers to reduce exposure handling Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission construction equipment generator set s and pollution free certified vehicles may be used Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construction sites. Soil Pollution T I Collection and recycling of lubricants. Executive PICU C Measures to prevent accidental spills Engineer Parallel existing linear developments (e.g. near to roads, power lines, rail lines) to minimize overall area of disturbance. Worker/ local T I Locate camp sites away from populated Executive PICU C People areas. Engineer Exposure Provide safety measures (mask, gloves, hat et c) to minimize exposure to labors. Provide sirens in vehicles to avoid any collision with human/animals. Organize awareness programs on environmental resource management. Organize Health camps. Child labor must be strictly prohibited. Provide signage near work sites. Follow proper operation and handling measures to minimize exposure. Landscape T I Carry plantation work on open sites Executive PICU C Degradation Do not dump waste along settlement or Engineer access rout e Frame waste disposal program Frame quarry & borrow area rehabilitation program Develop green belt s along approach road & work site. On completion of the works all the

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

temporary structures may be cleared away, all rubbish disposed, excreta and disposal pits or trenches filled in and effectively sealed off and the whole site 7 Material Soil Pollution T I Collection and recycling of lubricants. Executive PICU C handling Measures to prevent accidental spills Engineer And storage Parallel existing linear developments (e.g. near to roads, power lines, rail lines) to minimize overall area of disturbance. Worker / T I Provide safety measures (mask, gloves, Executive PICU C local hat et c) to minimize exposure. Engineer People Provide sirens in vehicles to avoid any Exposure collision with human/animals Organize awareness programs on environment al resource management. Child labour must be strictly prohibited Provide signage near work sites Locate handling sites away from populated areas Follow proper operation and handling measures to minimize exposure Air / Noise T I Air pollution control measure like water Executive PICU C Pollution sprinkling Engineer Limit hours of operation in populated areas Use of barriers to reduce exposure Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission construction equipment generator sets and pollution free certified vehicles may be used Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construction sites 8 Disposal of Air / T I Disposal of excavated Material will lead Executive PICU C excavated Noise/Soil to air, water and soil pollution To mitigate Engineer material Pollution this impact ,a disposal plan with quantum (generated/ utilized/ disposed off ) shall be part of contract agreement Disposal Area shall be pre-identified

with due consent of local community prior t o initiate work Quality of excavated material shall be assessed before disposal. Remove extra muck and vegetation material as soon as possible from site. Dumping of extra excavated material/vegetation only in designated place by engineer of PIU to minimize impact on environment. Air pollution control measure like water sprinkling Limit hours of operation in populated areas. Use of barriers to reduce exposure. Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission equipment generator set s and pollution free certified vehicles may be used. Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construction sites. Water T I Dump solid waste in specified place to Executive PICU C Pollution minimize contamination of water. Engineer Discharge waste water at authorized locations and after treatment. 9 Truck/Traffic Air / Noise T I Air pollution control measure like water Executive PICU C and Haulage Pollution sprinkling Engineer of Machinery Limit hours of operation in populated handling areas. Use of barriers to reduce exposure. Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission equipment generator set s and pollution free certified vehicles may be used. Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construct ion sites.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Landscape T I Carry plantation work on open sites Executive PICU C Degradation Do not dump waste along settlement or Engineer access rout e Frame waste disposal program Frame quarry & borrow area rehabilitation program Develop green belt s along approach road & work site. On completion of the works all the temporary structures may be cleared away, all rubbish disposed, excreta and disposal pit s or trenches filled in and effectively sealed off and the whole site. 10 Transport of Air / Noise T I Air pollution control measure like water Executive PICU C materials Pollution sprinkling Engineer Limit hours of operation in populated areas Use of barriers to reduce exposure Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission construction equipment generator sets and pollution free certified vehicles may be used Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construction sites.

Soil Pollution T I Collection and recycling of lubricants. Executive PICU C Measures to prevent accidental spills. Engineer Parallel existing linear developments (e.g. near to roads, power lines, rail lines) to minimize overall area of disturbance. Trucks T I Pollution Free certified vehicles to be Executive PICU C Traffic will allowed Engineer lead to Air Avoid traffic in populated areas as much Pollution as possible Install speed breaker and signage near settlement. 11 Tree Felling, Landscape T I As far as possible, minimum tree felling Executive PICU C Vegetation Degradation should be done. Engineer

Clearance Carry plantation work on open area. Do not dump waste along settlement or access route Formulate waste disposal program Develop green belts along approach road & construction sites. Landscape T I On completion of the works, all the Executive PICU O Degradation temporary structures may be cleared Engineer away, all rubbish disposed, excreta and disposal pits or trenches filled in and effectively sealed off the whole site. Impact on T I Frame conservation plan if any rare and Executive PICU O Flora & endangered species found in the area. Engineer Fauna Encourage farming of medicinal plant s found in the area. Distribute fruit plant s grown in the region. Plantation with native species along approach road and colony area & construction sites. Protection/fencing of planted area, provision of guard. Location of camp away from forest area. Soil Erosion T I Limitation of earth moving to dry periods. Executive PICU O Protect ion of vulnerable areas with Engineer mulch. Protection of drainage channels with beams, straw or fabric barriers. Seeding or planting of erodible surfaces as soon as possible. Component (iii) (b) :Pipe Fabrication Plant

1 Sitting of Land T I As huge length of pipes are required to Executive PICU L Plant acquisition be fabricated, a pipe fabrication plant Engineer need to be established .Since the location of pipe fabrication plant is not finalized, it is not possible to quantify the quantum and ownership of land to be acquired. Preferably Govt. land to be taken for pipe

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

fabrication plant. If private land is to be acquired, the actual measurement is to be taken with the help of Patwari and proper compensation of land & their crop to be given to the farmers as per R & R policy of MP govt. Other criteria for selection of the site may include proximity to the site of use, sensitivity of forests, and proximity to drinking water sources. 2 Vegetation Landscape T I As far as possible, minimum tree felling Executive PICU C Clearance Degradation should be done. Engineer Carry plantation work around the work area. Do not dump waste along settlement or access rout e Formulate waste disposal program Develop green belt s along approach road & construction sites. Landscape T I On completion of the works, all the Executive PICU O Degradation temporary structures may be cleared Engineer away, all rubbish disposed, excreta and disposal pit s or trenches filled in and effectively sealed off the whole sit e Impact on T I Frame conservation plan if any rare and Executive PICU O Flora & endangered species found in the area. Engineer Fauna Encourage farming of medicinal plant s found in the area. Distribute fruit plants grown in the region. Plantation with native species along approach road and colony area & construction sites. Protection/fencing of planted area, provision of guard. Location of camp away from forest area. Soil Erosion T I Limitation of earth moving to day periods. Executive PICU O Protect ion of vulnerable areas with Engineer mulch. Protection of drainage channels with beams, straw or fabric barriers.

Seeding or planting of erodible surfaces as soon as possible. 3 Pipe Health T I Welding may involve exothermic Executive PICU C welding & hazard hazardous gases leading to health Engineer fitting. hazard. Workers involved in welding work may be provided with welder’s protective eye shields. RPM of Grinding wheel must be greater than that of Machine. Wheel should be well Guarded. Use of Plug Top for connection. Earthing should be done for welding machine. Good quality IS Grade cable for welding to be used. Proper Insulation to the joints. 4 Concrete Crane T I Crane failure may lead to crushing Executive PICU C Lining Failure between crane & Pipe. Engineer ( Inside pipe Use of sufficient capacity of crane. line) Use of Tag line to prevent movement of helper between crane and pipe. Fitness certificate of crane. Inspection of Lifting Belts. Training Program for the worker. Ensure Safe distance from rotating pipe. Working area is made totally vacant for having forward and backward movement of workmen while doing concrete lining. Lateral T I Strong Support or stopper is installed to Executive PICU C Movement of restrict the lateral movement of pipe due Engineer Pipe while to centrifugal force. rotating Regular inspection of stopper. Providing guards for the moving parts. Display of Signage’s & Posters. Rotating T I Providing guards for the moving parts. Executive parts Display of Signage’s & Posters. Engineer Fire T I Refilling diesel in shut down state of Executive PICU C Engine. Engineer Use of Fire Extinguisher with its regular checkup.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

5 Concrete Bursting of T I Safety Valve and pressure gauge must Executive PICU C lining Air be in working condition. Engineer (outside the compressor Regular release of Pressure through pipe) - valves. Rotating T I Providing guards for the moving parts. Executive PICU C parts Display of Signage’s & Posters. Engineer Crane T I Crane failure may lead to crushing Executive PICU C Failure. between crane & Pipe Use of sufficient Engineer capacity of crane. Use of Tag line to prevent movement of helper between crane and pipe. Fitness certificate of crane. Inspection of Lifting Belts. Training Program Ensure Safe distance from rotating pipe. Working area is made totally vacant for having forward and backward movement of workmen while doing finishing work. Failure of T I Use of good Quality hose. Executive PICU C hose & hose Use of clamps at joints. Engineer joints due to Releasing the air at regular intervals. choking 6 Pipe Rolling off T I To avoid Rolling of pipes which may hit Executive PICU C Storage pipes workers packing should be provided after Engineer every pipe. Only Skilled labors will work at that time. Continuous supervision is required. 7 Pipe Vehicle T I Fastening with Ratchet type tie down may Executive PICU C Handling Incidents sling. Engineer Grove or packing for placing of pipe to avoid rolling down. Authorized driver only for driving the vehicle. Helper for providing signal (attendant) for carrying to & from moment of vehicle. Prevention T I Safe Clearance is ensured otherwise shut Executive PICU C from down of electrical lines or through Engineer Overhead tandem lifting by use of New Generation Electrical Hydra. Lines Work should be conducted under

responsible supervision. Display of Warning sign. Use of FRP/ Bamboo ladder in the area Pipes rolling T I Packing should be provided. Executive PICU C off Engineer 8 Installation Leakages & T I Proper jointing and installation of valves Executive PICU C of valves rupture in to avoid any leakages. Engineer pipes, valves

9 Sitting of Worker /local T I The construction campsites shall be Executive PICU C Labour People located away from any local human Engineer Camps Exposure settlement Provide safety measures (mask, gloves, hat et c) to minimize exposure. Provide sirens in vehicles to avoid any collision with human/animals. Organize awareness programs on environment al resource management. Organize Health camps Child labour must be strictly prohibited Provide signage near work sites Locate handling sites away from populated areas Follow proper operation and handling measures to minimize exposure. The work and campsites shall have suitable facilities for handling any emergency situation like fire, explosion, etc Impact on T I Routine medical checkup of Field staff Executive PICU C human and labors. Engineer health Provision of pot able drinking water at (Labor site. Camps) Provision of proper sewage and waste disposal system. Sanitation facilities have t o be provided at the camp sites. Awareness program on HIV Aids and other communicable disease may be provided t o t he work force. First aid facilities t o be provided at t he

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

construct ion camps. Any case of disease outbreak may be immediately subjected to medical treatment. Mosquito repellent to be provided to t he labors such as odomas, coil and sprays. The camps may maintain cleanliness and hygienic condition. Proper ventilation may be provided in labour camps To avoid tree cutting Community kitchen to be provided in the labour camps Sufficient fuel LPG t o be provided to the camp. Head phones, ear plugs to be provided to the workers at construct ion sits e. All workers employed on mixing of asphaltic material, cement, lime mortars, concrete et c. may be provided with protective foot wear and protective goggles. Workers involved in welding work may be provided with welder’s protective eye shields Adequate precaution shall be taken to prevent danger from electrical equipments. 10 Heavy Air / Noise T I Air pollution control measure like water Executive PICU C machinery Pollution sprinkling Engineer Limit hours of operation in populated areas Use of barriers to reduce exposure Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission construction equipment generator set s and pollution free certified vehicles may be used Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construct ion sites. Worker /local T I Provide safety measures (mask, gloves, Executive PICU C

People hat et c) to minimize exposure Engineer Exposure Provide sirens in vehicles to avoid any collision with human/animals Organize awareness programs on environment and resource management Organize Health camps Child labour must be strictly prohibited Provide signage near work sites Locate handling sites away from populated areas Follow proper operation and handling measures to minimize exposure. 11 Transporting Air / Noise T I Air pollution control measure like water Executive PICU C & Pollution sprinkling Engineer handling Limit hours of operation in populated spool pieces areas Use of barriers to reduce exposure Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission construction equipment generator sets and pollution free certified vehicles may be used. Avoid traffic in populated areas as much as possible Install speed breaker and signage near settlements Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construction sites. Soil Pollution T I Collection and recycling of lubricants soil Executive PICU C conservation can be achieved by the Engineer proper selection of diameter of pipeline, season of construction, type of trenching/pipe installation, equipment to be used Measures to prevent accidental spills Parallel existing linear developments (e.g. near to roads, trails, cut lines, seismic lines, power lines, rail lines) to minimize overall area of disturbance

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Component (iii) (b): Supporting facilities 1 Plant area & Change in P M Avoid farming season wherever possible Executive PICU D Route the surface for the project activities, Engineer survey for features and Ensure existing irrigation facilities are transmission present maintained in working condition, line aesthetics 2 Erection of Disturbance T I Since project is in preliminary stage, Executive PICU C transmission to wildlife & Alignment of transmission line is not Engineer towers human fixed; it is not possible to estimate habitation quantity and ownership of land to be acquired. Following criteria should be followed for erection of transmission towers. Shortest possible length and favorable ground profile must be selected. Minimize passage through human habitations. Proposed route of transmission line should not affect any public utility services like play rounds, schools, other similar establishments etc. Minimizing number of crossing of major rivers / railway lines, national and state highways, overhead extra high voltage (EHV) power line, number of angle points and communication lines. Avoidance of rocky stretches and areas reserved for planned and future development. Sufficient shifting of angle points within 100 m. radius during construction must be considered. Routing is kept away from large habitations, densely populated areas, animal / bird sanctuaries and hydrocarbon pipelines to the extent possible. The surface soil should be restored to normal slope after tower erection. Top soil which is removed during

construction from the cultivated lands must be stored separately for future utilization of cultivated lands near tower leg locations. Soil erosion. T I Due to clearing of vegetation in the Row Executive PICU C and access roads may lead to soil Engineer erosion. To mitigate this impact, following measures may be followed: Avoiding sites, which are prone to soil erosion. Leveling of tower construction sites. Rehabilitation and stabilization of disturbed land. Worker T I Organize awareness programmes Executive PICU C local relevant to personal safety of the workers Engineer People and general public in the area. Exposure Installation of warning signs to particular locations such as transverse points of local road network by transmission lines. Provide protective safety belts, footwear, helmets, goggles, eye-shields and clothes to workers depending on their duty. Arrangement of proper first aid unit and transport facilities to take injured people to the hospitals. Fires, T I Use of personal protective equipment Executive PICU O explosion during operation and maintenance. Engineer and other By lopping and chopping of trees fire accidents at hazards will be minimized during the route maintenance period. Regular inspection alignment of of lines for faults prone to accidents. transmission Line 3 Excavation Air / Noise T I Air pollution control measure like water Executive PICU C for Pollution sprinkling. Engineer construction Limit hours of operation in populated of Grid sub areas. stations Use of barriers to reduce exposure. Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

dust. Low emission construction equipment generator sets and pollution free certified vehicles may be used. Contractor shall equip their heavy construction equipment and plants with exhaust silencers to limit the engine noise not to exceed 75 db (compacters/rollers, loaders and cranes) and regularly maintain all construction vehicles and machinery that should meet the national Emission Standards. Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construct ion sites Water T I Dump solid waste in specified place to Executive PICU C Pollution minimize contamination of water. Engineer Discharge waste water at designated locations and after treatment after consultation with the PIU. Soil Pollution T I Mixing of top soil/sub soil causes dilution Executive PICU C of organic material. & nutrients in top soil. Engineer To mitigate this impact, following measures can be taken. Proper treatment of clearing and filling areas against flow acceleration. Contractors shall restrict cut and fill operation around sharp/deep slope areas. Piling activities will preferably be done in non-rainy season, as the piled materials will spread all over the area and contaminate close by water bodies. Protect /preserve topsoil and reinstate after construction is completed, Repair /reinstate damaged bunds etc. after construction is completed, and Compensation for temporary loss in agricultural production Waste oil should be collected properly and disposed to the approved location. Electric T I This may lead to death or injury to the Executive PICU O

shock workers and public in the area. This can Engineer be minimized or avoided by providing security fences around sub-station, establishment of warning signs, and careful design using appropriate technologies to minimize hazards Biological T I Strict attention on worker force regarding Executive PICU C threat disturbance to surrounding habitats, flora Engineer and fauna including hunting of animals and fishing in water bodies. Vegetation areas are avoided wherever possible. Fencing should be carried out around the sub-station area 4 Waste Air/Noise T I The solid waste generation will be at the Executive PICU C disposal Pollution location of the tower erection site which Engineer will include metal scraps, wooden packing material etc. Wooden waste and metal scrap will be collected and disposed of in compliance with applicable regulations and rules. To mitigate this impact a disposal plan with quantum (generated/ utilized/ disposed off ) shall be part of contract agreement Dumping of solid waste/vegetation in designated place with the consent of engineer of PIU to minimize impact on environment. Air pollution control measure like water sprinkling. Plants, machinery and equipment may be handled so as to minimize generation of dust. Low emission equipment generator set s and pollution free certified vehicles may be used. Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construct ion sites. Noise T I Contractor shall equip their heavy Executive PICU O

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

pollution construction equipment and plants with Engineer exhaust silencers to limit the engine noise not to exceed 75 db (compacters/rollers, loaders and cranes) and regularly maintain all construction vehicles and machinery that should meet the national Emission Standards. Contractor shall preferably limit working time for activities that create noise. Soil pollution T I Preparation of Disposal Management Executive PICU C Plan for the project and selection of the Engineer disposal site by excluding locations, which are closer to residential, commercial and public sensitive areas, is necessary by the contractor. Prior approval should be obtained for such dumping grounds / land fill sites from relevant local authorities. 5 Transport of Damage to T I Transformers, tower material, sub-station Executive PICU C materials Road equipment, iron bars, concrete materials, Engineer network piling equipment, etc. will be transported through the local road network to the project site. Transporting of large quantities of materials using heavy vehicles could exceed the carrying capacity of the road. This would lead to physical damages to local road network. Thus it will be necessary to obtain consent from Public Works Department (PWD) or national highway Authority to use local/national highway roads prior to transportation. Also contractor should properly maintain all road sections, which will be utilized for the construction related activities. Water T I All construction vehicles and equipment Executive PICU C pollution should be maintained in proper conditions Engineer (Surface and without any leakages, Contractors shall ground use silt traps and erosion control

water) measures where the construction is carried out in close proximity to the water bodies to avoid entering of cement particles, rock, rubbles and waste water to the surrounding water bodies, Construction activities requiring digging should be preferably done in the dry season, 6 Sitting of Worker T I The construction campsites shall be Executive PICU C Labour local located away from any local human Engineer Camps People settlement Exposure areas and preferably located on lands, which are barren/waste lands. Provide safety measures (mask, gloves, hat et c) to minimize exposure. Provide sirens in vehicles to avoid any collision with human/animals. Child labour must be strictly prohibited. Provide signage near work sites. Locate handling sites away from populated areas Follow proper operation and handling measures to minimize exposure Avoid entering of construction waste (cement particles, rock, rubbles and waste water) and sanitary waste to the surrounding water bodies. The work and campsites shall have suitable facilities for handling any emergency situation like fire, explosion, etc. Impact on T I Organize awareness programme relevant Executive PICU C human health to personal safety of the workers and Engineer general public in the area; Installation of warning signs to particular locations such as transverse points of local road network by transmission lines Provide protective safety belts, footwear, helmets, goggles, eye-shields and clothes

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

to workers depending on their duty Arrangement of proper first aid unit and transport facilities to take injured people to the hospitals.

Component (iv) :Access & service roads for all project facilities 1 Alignment of Land P M Since the alignment of service road is not Executive PICU L road Acquisition finalized, it is not possible to quantify the Engineer quantum and ownership of land to be acquired. Preferably Govt land to be taken for construction of road. If private land is to be acquired, the actual measurement is to be taken with the help of Patwari and proper compensation of land & their crop to be given to the farmers as per R & R policy of MP govt. A separate detail R & R plan is being formulated for the same. Following mitigation measures to be followed : To minimize the road length by identify existing road that are required to be reinstated. Consult with local people to finalize the alignment especially to avoid landslide area, to decide location for culverts and other drainage structures. Avoid excessive cut and fill and road should be aligned to follow natural topography. In flood prone region/areas, refer to hydrological data to finalize provision for culvert drainage structures especially for alignment that intersects/crosses ground and Surface water flow. Avoid or minimize tree felling, acquisition of agricultural land, shifting of shrines/temples, disturbance to community ponds, community resources, burial grounds, etc. to the extent possible

through evolving alternate alignment options. 2 Clearing of Soil erosion T I Removal of trees and green cover Executive PICU D vegetation vegetation should be minimized during Engineer preparation of access road and other facilities. Re-plantation of around the roads. Change in T I Tree planting operations shall be Executive PICU C the surface commenced immediately after Engineer features and completion of embankment compaction. present Tree plantation along the road shall be aesthetics undertaken as per permit conditions issued by the Department of Forests, prior to tree felling. The species shall be suitable for local climate and available. The concerned District Forest Officer can be consulted for selection of species and technical guidance, if required. Proper care shall be taken to increase survival rate of saplings like regular watering, pruning, provision of tree guards, manure for better nourishment, etc. including timely 3 Earthwork Soil erosion T I Erosion control and slope stabilization Executive PICU C and slope measures shall be provided such as: (a) Engineer stability side ditches and berms, rock lining and slope walls along the road, where appropriate. (b) proper drainage system (c) shrub buffer strips sites in areas of high erosion risk (d) cross drainage to accommodate floodwater/run-off in case roads are on elevated fills that will obstruct natural Drainage. On sections with filling and cutting, the slopes will be protected by mild slope and planted with appropriate vegetation. Preparation of Disposal Management Plan for the road and selection of the

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

disposal site by excluding locations, which are closer to residential, commercial and public sensitive areas, Prior approval should be obtained for such dumping grounds / land fill sites from PIU.

Air pollution T I Construction equipment should be Executive PICU C maintained to a good standard. Engineer Machinery causing excessive pollution (e.g., visible smoke) must be banned from construction sites. All construction equipment and vehicles shall have valid certifications indicating compliance to vehicle emission standards. Necessary environmental clearance shall be obtained prior to establishment and operation of asphalt mixing plants, if necessary. Air quality monitoring may be conducted at construction sites. Noise T I Locate high vibration generation sources Executive PICU C pollution over 50m from residential sites and other Engineer structures. Regularly maintain and repair construction machinery and vehicles to keep these in good condition. Impose speed limits on construction vehicles to minimize noise emission along areas where sensitive receptors are located (houses, schools, hospitals, etc.). Install noise control walls (3.0- 4.5m high, thick materials) at high noise sources that affect sensitive

receptors (hospital, schools, etc.). Provide workers near sources of loud noise with protection devices such as ear plugs. 4 Sitting of Worker/local T I Provide safety measures (mask, gloves, Executive PICU C Labor People hat et c) to minimize exposure. Engineer Camps Exposure Provide sirens in vehicles to avoid any collision with human/animals. Child labour must be strictly prohibited. Provide signage near work sites. Locate handling sites away from populated areas Follow proper operation and handling measures to minimize exposure The work and campsites shall have suitable facilities for handling any emergency situation like fire, explosion, etc. Impact on T I Organize awareness programme Executive PICU C human health relevant to personal safety of the Engineer workers and general public in the area; Installation of warning signs to particular locations such as transverse points of local road network by transmission lines Provide protective safety belts, footwear, helmets, goggles, eye-shields and clothes to workers depending on their duty Arrangement of proper first aid unit and transport facilities to take injured people to the hospitals. 4 Extraction of Loss of topsoil T I Necessary environmental Executive PICU C material and approval/permit prior to operation of Engineer from quarry disfigurement quarry and borrow areas. and of landscape, Priority must be given to the use of borrow sites dust and air existing quarry and borrow sites, if they pollution, are available and suitable. health and Borrow/quarry sites shall not be located safety risks in productive land and forested areas.

Initial Environmental Examination Kundalia Irrigation Project (KIP)

Quarry and borrow sites must be selected amongst those offering the highest ratio between extractive capacity (both in terms of quality) and loss of natural state. Quarry and borrow sites lying close to the alignment, with a high level of accessibility and with a low hill gradient, are referred. During quarry/borrow site operation; provide adequate drainage to avoid accumulation of stagnant water. 5 Equipment/ Air pollution T I All diesels run equipment/vehicles/ Executive PICU C vehicles deployed for construction activities shall Engineer deployed for be regularly maintained for smooth Construction operation, a measure contributing to air works quality and noise. Vehicles/equipment shall be periodically subjected for emission tests and shall have valid pollution under control certificates. Revalidation of certificates shall be done once in 3 months. All vehicles deployed for material movement shall be spill proof to the extent possible. In any case, all material movement routes shall be inspected daily twice to clear off any accidental spills. 6 Waste Air/Soil/Water T I All construction waste shall be disposed Executive PICU C disposal & pollution in approved areas. Local district Engineer Clean up of authorities shall be consulted to construction determine disposal site and implement site any conditions imposed while issuing permits. All operational areas under road construction works like work sites, office/storage area, work force camps, and borrow areas, shall be cleaned up and restored to its previous state soon after operations are complete.

Avoid entering of construction waste (cement particles, rock, rubbles and waste water) and sanitary waste to the surrounding water bodies. Note:- C- Construction, D-Design, O-Operation, T-Temporary, P-Permanent, S- Significant, I-Insignificant, M-Moderate.

Annexure 4: The Kundaliya Major Multipurpose Project as the Associated Facility A. Introduction

1. The Kundaliya Major Multipurpose Project (KMMP) of the State Government of Madya Pradesh is located in the lower Chambal basin. The KMMP involves construction of composite 2,755 meter earthen dam and 345 concrete on river Kalisind, near balaheda village of Zirapur tehsil, Rajgarh district. The maximum height of earthen dam is 32.001 meter and the maximum height of concrete dam is 55.50 meter. The dam will support its reservoir with gross storage capacity 582.75 Million cubic meter (MCM), which will be used to irrigate 125,000 ha of cultivable command area (CCA) with initial coverage 58,000 ha CCA, and to provide 100 million cubic meters (MCM) domestic and industrial water for neighboring villages in Rajgarh District. The dam and reservoir require 7,610.27 ha of which 680.27 ha forest land, 2,338 ha revenue land, and 4,592 ha private land.

2. As the dam is located on the Kalisidh River, the source of the water will come from this river and its tributaries such Alu, Parwan, Chauli, Rewam, Piplaud, Kanthal and Lakhundar. Along the river, there is not many good site for construction of major or medium storage as the river mostly run through plains areas. Therefore, the solution lies in the construction dam in this selected site, which most suitable for creating sizeable reservoir.

3. Since there is no protected area involved, the KMMP does not need a clearance from the National Board of Wildlife but require only environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment forest and Climate Change (MOEFCC). The MOEFCC clearance for KMMP including irrigation works for 58,000 ha CCA was granted on 14 January 2015. The Government of MP has been started with KMMP since 2015. Due to the availability of funding, the MP government has independently constructed dam and its reservoir with its supporting facilities such as training wall, head sluice under sluice, and left, the construction of irrigation network. The proposed ADB funded project, Madya Pradesh Irrigation Efficiency Improvement Project (MPIEIP), will cover only the construction of Kundaliya irrigation network to cover 125,000 ha of CCA. With the overview in paragraph 1 above and based on the ADB SPS 2009, the dam reservoir water will be the main source of the irrigation network, and therefore the KIP exclusively will depend on the KMMP. This situation has caused that the KMMP dam and its reservoir falls in to category of associated facility for this proposed MPIEIP. The ADB funded project will depend exclusively on the output of the KMMP dam and reservoir, to successfully provide irrigation water for 125,000 ha CCA.

4. Since the KMMP is treated as the associated facility for KIP under the MPIEIP, the environment due diligence was undertaken with the main objective to identify risks that may affect the successful operation of KIP; and to ensure that any risk related with KMMP to the KIP will be appropriately addressed. The Due diligence was carried by visiting KMMP project and interviewing contractor as well as reviewing environmental document related with KMMP, which include: (i) The EIA and EMP of KMMP that have been approved by MOEFCC; (ii) Environmental Clearance letter with its conditions, and other (iii) published article from various sources.

B. Findings

5. The dam and its reservoir of KMMP located is in river Kalisindh, the lower Chambal sub basin, which ultimately is part of Yamuna sub basin. The Kalisidh River is joined by another

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102 major tributary river Newaj and finally meets river Chambal. Despite very good availability water in the natural stream due to good rainfall average 9,000 mm/year, no significant projects utilizing this river, except some minor construction some small anicut for irrigation scheme and for drinking water.

6. The size of KMMP project areas 7,610 ha of which 74,76 will be submerged areas. Aside private land and government revenue land, there is 680 ha forest land. However, there is no protected areas other areas with significant ecological function involved. The inventory of flora fauna also indicated that most species in the KMMP areas are categorized as least concern category of IUCN. For the avifauna, the KMMP areas is also dominated y resident species and only few migratory species. While for the aquatic ecology, fish species is also dominated by least concern category species of IUCN.

7. The important aspect of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report: (i) Screening for categorization was carried out; (ii) the TOR for preparing EIA study was cleared by the MOEFCC; (iii) significant ecological data as baseline environmental conditions that was collected from two seasons winter and summer. (iv) socio-economic data was not only from the secondary resources, but also from the survey result with door to door survey by meeting affected people; (v) the prediction of impacts consider all project activities included in the project design; (vi) public hearing was carried out with wide invitation posted in the newspaper; and (vii) the EMP was prepared to guide the implementation of mitigation plan and Monitoring plan was also prepared.

8. The environmental clearance granting by the MOEFCC included conditions that basically reinforce the implementation of environmental management plan and monitoring plan. The visit to the KMMP project site and discussion with the contractor found that contractor: (i) aware about the environmental clearance conditions and possessed the copy of environmental clearance aside the complete EIA report; (ii) equipped with adequate resources to implement require mitigation measures and EMP during the construction; (iii) obtained clearances from Madya Pradesh Pollution Board (MPPB) for all activities that required permit from MPPB (iv) provide its worker with personal health and safety equipment, the worker camp is cleaned, with very standard sanitation facility, and (v) keep the record related with implementation EMP as well as in addressing environmental concerns associated with construction

9. While the MPWD has dedicated staff (engineer) who responsible to supervise and implement EMP and has also dedicated staff to implement R and R plan.

C. Summary of Potential Impacts of the Associated Facility and Its Management Plan

10. The EIA and the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) were prepared for KMMP as the project fall under the category of project that should obtain an environmental clearance from the MOEFCC. The TOR for EIA which include the social impact assessment was approved by MOEFCC. The EIA covers not only the assessment of impacts but also the EMP. The public consultation was carried out as part of the preparation of the EIA.

1. Loss of Land

11. Total land required for the project is 7610.27 ha. (680.27 ha forest land, 2338 ha revenue land,4592 ha private land). Based on the ownership status of the land to be acquired, appropriate compensatory measures have been formulated. The total forest area to be acquired is 680.27 ha but there is no wildlife sanctuary, national park or other biodiversity significant

areas involved or submerged.

12. The Indian Forest Conservation Act (1980) stipulates:

If non-forest land is not available, compensatory plantation are to be established On degraded forest lands, which must be twice the forest area affected or lost. If non- forest land is available, compensatory forest are to be raised over an area Equivalent to the forest area affected or lost.

13. The afforestation is being carried out in the non forest land in equal area i.e. 680.27 ha by the Forest Department. For private land, the Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R & R) plan was prepared is being implemented by the WRD department.

2. Impact on biodiversity

14. There is no protected areas such as wildlife sanctuaries, national park or other areas with significant biodiversity are located in the project areas, however, adverse impacts are anticipated on natural terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems as a result of the changing from terrestrial type ecosystem into the aquatic ecosystem due to submergence of areas for reservoir. It is fortunate that there is no endanger species of fauna and flora in the affected areas. Therefore, in view of the foreseen disturbance and degradation of natural ecosystems, the Biodiversity Conservation and Management plan for the KMMP that approved by the MoEFCC covers: (i) forest protection plan to compensate the loss of 680 ha forest land with afforestation as also indicated in the Forest Clearance that was granted on September 2015, (ii) improve habitat of avi-fauna, and (iii) habitat improvement. This plan is is now being implemented.

3. Impact on Fisheries:

15. The KMMP may have adverse or beneficial effects on the fish fauna as well as people, depending upon the particular situation where the fish inhabitating the concerned river. There will be impacts on the people, and the livelihood of which depends on the fish. The construction of the dam mayl lead to fragmentation of habitat, modification in hydrologic regime and may have adverse effects on the indigenous and migratory fish. To minimize these impacts, the fisheries management plan was prepared and approved also by MOEFCC as part of the EIA document. The Fisheries Management Plan covers the following: (i) Ensure the water availability by releasing water as environmental/ecological flow. It is recommended torelease of minimum flow 22%, which is around 136.96 Mm3 of net water available (601 Mm3) from Kundalia dam to maintain the downstream requirement. (ii) Sustenance and enhancement of fisheries potential by managing habitat and maintain fish stock density, and (iii) enhance fishing as livelihood.

4. Impact on Human health:

16. The aggregation of large number of workers in the project area during the construction phase is likely to put considerable stress on the prevailing biotic and abiotic environment of the area. The stress could be on account of increased water demand, sewage and solid waste generation, solid waste generation, fuel wood requirements etc. This impact could be managed by, making it made mandatory for the contractor involved in the construction activities to provide

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104 adequate facilities for water supply and sanitation for the workers.

5. Stress on Public Health Delivery System

17. The aggregation of large number of workers in the project area during the construction phase is likely to put considerable stress on health delivery system in the area. The prevalent diseases in the project area include gastro-enteritis, malaria, etc. Water pollution problems are also not likely as the study area is devoid of industries. In addition, the local population is suffering on account of in gestation of water with high fluoride. The anti-malarial operations can be coordinated by various Primary Health Centres in the command area villages and various district hospitals located within the command area. Necessary provisions have been given to maintain & strengthen the health delivery system of the project area.

6. Impact on Landscape and Aesthetics of Environment

18. During Construction phase, about 3 million meter cube of material would extracted from Quarry and burrow area. The quarry operation would degrade the landscape . The landscape and restoration plan, to be implemented, will provide benefits to improve beautification and its utility. In addition to that, It is proposed to develop greenbelt around the periphery of various project appurtenances, selected stretches along reservoir periphery.

7. Impact on water, air and Noise:

19. During project construction phase, Water is polluted due to sewage generated from various labour camps. The effluent will be treated before disposal. Settling tanks of appropriate size for treatment of effluent from various crushers will be provided. Fuel combustion in various construction equipment, e.g. crushers, drillers, rock bolters, diesel generating vehicles lead to air pollution. The contractor will be responsible for maintaining properly functioning construction equipment to minimize exhaust. Monitoring of noise levels will be conducted during the construction phase of the project. The construction equipment will be required to use available noise suppression devices and properly maintained mufflers.

D. Compliance of Environmental Clearance

20. The Expert Appraisal Committee after due consideration of the relevant documents submitted by the project proponent and clarification furnished in response to its observations, have recommended grant of Environmental Clearance to the project Accordingly , the ministry of Environment and forests hereby accords necessary environmental clearance to be above project as per the provisions of Environment Impact assessment Notification 2006 and its subsequent amendment in 2009, subject to compliance of following conditions :

S. No. Condition Status as of July 2017 (i) Catchment Area Treatment (CAT) Plan as proposed in the CAT plan is being revised EMP report. Shall be strictly implemented in implemented by Forest consultation with Madhya Pradesh State Forest Department. department. Major works shall be completed before impounding of reservoir. The financial allocation of Rs 31.205 Crores for CAT Plan implementation shall be fully utilized and not to be diverted for any other purpose. (ii) The project proponent has to prepare the R&R benefits & R & R plan is being PLAN for PAFs as per the “Right To Fair Compensation and implemented by MPWRD.

Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013” which has come into effect since January, 2014. (iii) For the land losing households will be as the National being implemented Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy 2007 or as per the State Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy, whichever is more beneficial to project affected families (PAFs). Adequate publicity of the compensation package of National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy (NRRP) 2007 Shall be given in the affected villages. All R&R issues shall be completed before commissioning of the project. In case last Act of 2014 is applicable; the same Act is to be followed. (iv) The implementation of R&R shall be closely monitored and is being implemented to be ensured that all project affected families (PAFs) get adequate & timely compensation before commissioning of the project. (v) A Monitoring Committee for R & R shall be constituted which Committee has been must include representatives of project affected persons constituted including from SC/ST community and at least a woman beneficiary. (vi) All the commitment made during the public hearing shall be being implemented fulfilled completely by the state Government in letter and spirit. especially related with recruitment of affected people in the construction works (vii) The equipment likely to generate high noise levels during the Has been include into the construction period or otherwise shall meet the ambient noise contractor’s contract level standards as notified under the noise Pollution agreement. Madya Pradesh Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 as amended in 2010 Board issued the approval under the Environment Protection Act (EPA), 1986.

(viii) Conjunctive use of surface water shall be planned to check Will be monitored during the water logging as well as to increase productivity.

(ix) Water User Association/s (WUAs) Co- operative shall be Shall be constituted formed and involvement of the whole community for disciplined use of available waters shall be ensured.

(x) The On farm Development (OFD) works shall be completed To be followed and WUAs (Water User Associations) shall be made functional before commencement of irrigation.

(xi) The proposed green belt development around various project Being implemented by appurtenances, colony & along the road sides in 2-3 rows with Forest department. ornamental plants in consultation with State Forest Department shall be strictly adhered to. The green belt development shall be taken along with the construction of dam so that the rim is stabilized at the time of impounding.

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Allocated grant of Rs. 30.00 lakhs be fully utilized and not to be diverted for any other purpose. (xii) The fishery conservation and management plan as proposed To be implemented by in the EMP submitted to Ministry shall be implemented Fishery department after completely with the fisheries department, Government of filling reservoir Madhya Pradesh. The submergence area of 7476 ha should be utilized for Pisci- culture/fishery Development and the fish hatchery existing in nearby area should also be utilized for hatching development. A budget of Rs.8.69 Crores provided for fishery conservation and management plan should not be diverted for any other purpose.

(xiii) Occurrence of stagnant pools/slow moving water channels Contractor has installed during construction and operation of the project providing pumping to ensure water will breeding source for vector mosquitoes and other parasites. not stagnate, and the worker The river should be properly channelized so that no small camp is being maintained pools and puddles are allowed to be formed. Even after taking clean precaution, due to unforeseen situations, breeding of mosquito and resultant malaria borne diseases can increase. If such a situations arises, it will be responsibility of the project authorities to take all steps i.e. residual insecticidal spray in all the project area and surrounding 3 km. Area keeping the flight range of mosquitoes in consideration.

(xiv) The proposed Compensatory Afforestation in 680 ha of area Compensatory afforestation should be taken- up with State Forest Department. Biodiversity is being carried out in the Conservation & Management Plan should be implemented non forest land in equal area with State Forest Department. Allocated grant of Rs. 78.20 i.e. 680.27 ha by the Forest Crores for this Purpose Shall be fully utilized and not to be Department diverted for any other purpose.

(xv) Environment flow is to be released as per extant norms i.e. Will be taken care after 20% during lean season 25 % during non – lean/nom- completion of dam and its monsoon season and 30% during monsoon season for reservoir downstream users. Six monthly results shall be submitted to the Regional Office of the Ministry and State Pollution Control Board (SPCB).

(xvi) Longitudinal connectivity ensuring hydraulic compatibility at Was taken into account by bed level is to be provided to ensure non-disruptive biota the design engineering for movement and sediment transportation. For this necessary dam construction. feature, may be incorporated in design of dam. (xvii) E-flow release should be unregulated and the system is to be To be followed equipped with censor/suitable devise for facilitating real time monitoring (xviii) Any other clearance from any other organization/department if Contractor has obtained required should be obtained. clearance as per project requirement Part-B: General Conditions (i) Adequate arrangements for providing free fuel like Has been implemented and

kerosene/wood/LPG shall be made at the project cost for the included as part of the labour engaged in the construction work so that indiscriminate contractor’s contract felling of trees is prevented. agreement. (ii) Medical facilities as well as recreational facilities shall also be has been provided by provided to the laborers. contractor (iii) The laborers to be engaged for construction works shall be Has been implemented by thoroughly examined by health personnel and adequately contractor. treated before issuing them work permit. (iv) Water sprinkling arrangements shall be made to suppress the Has been implemented as fugitive emissions. part of mitigation measures (v) Potable drinking water and proper sanitary facilities shall be has been provided by provided for the labour force. contractor (vi) Restoration of construction area including dumping sites of To be restored by the excavated materials shall be ensured by levelling, filling up of contractor and its sub- borrow pits, landscaping etc. The area should be properly contractor after completion treated with suitable plantation. of the work, and will be check by MPWD responsible for the project (vii) Environment parameters shall be monitored and six monthly monitoring report has yet to monitoring reports shall be submitted to the concerned be disclosed through Regional Office of the Ministry and to Ministry of Environment regional office MOEFCC and Forests, New Delhi for their review. websiteffice. (viii) The project proponent shall provide full co-operation and all being implemented and on required documents/ data to the Officials from concerned going Regional Office of the Ministry who would be monitoring the implementation of environmental safeguards. (ix) The responsibility of implementation of environmental MPWRD has allocated team safeguards rests fully with the M/s Water Resources of engineers responsible for Department, Government of Madhya Pradesh and managing environment and Government of Madhya Pradesh. implementing R&R (x) The livelihood plan to be prepared, if found necessary in Will be prepared and consultation with concerned state government departments. implemented by MPWRD The Government of Madhya Pradesh should submit compliance on this component & also while submitting six monthly compliance reports. (xi) Besides the above stated conditions, the Project Proponent MPWRD is responsible shall also implement all other environmental safeguards, as proposed in the EIA/EMP report and other reports from time to time. The Government of Madhya Pradesh may also like to monitor implementation of EMP at regular intervals (xii) The environmental Management Plan (EMP) shall be strictly being implemented adhered to and a sum of Rs. 596 Crores, the budgetary provisions for implementation of EMP shall be fully utilized and not to be diverted for any other purpose. In case of revision of the project cost due to price level change, the cost of EMP shall also be updated proportionately. (xiii) In case of change in the scope of the project, the same shall Will be followed be intimated to the Ministry and fresh approval, if required, shall be taken from the Ministry. (xiv) The Ministry reserves the right to add additional safeguard MPWRD safeguard team measures subsequently, if found necessary and to take action

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including revoking of the clearance under the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, to ensure effective implementation of the suggested safeguard measure in a time- bound and satisfactory manner. (xv) This clearance letter is valid for a period of 10 years from the being implemented and still date of issue of this letter for commissioning of the project. valid (xvi) A copy of the clearance letter shall be marked to concerned Letter has been given to the Panchayat/ Zila Parishad / Municipal Corporation, Urban local all concerned dept/local body and local NGO, if any from whom any suggestion/ authority representation were received while processing the proposal. The clearance letter shall also be put on website by the project proponent. (xvii) State Pollution Control Board/ Committee shall display a copy Compliance has been made of the clearance letter at the Regional Office, District Industries Centre and Collector’s/ Tehsildar’s Office for 30 days. (xviii) The project proponent should advertise at least in two local Has been advertised newspapers widely circulated in the region around the project, one of which shall be in vernacular language of the locality concerned informing that the project has been accorded environmental clearance and copies of clearance letters are available with the State Pollution Control Board / Committee and may also be seen at Website of the Ministry of Environment and Forest at http://www.moef.nic.in (xix) After 5 years of the commissioning of the Project, a study shall To be followed be undertaken regarding impact of the project on the environment and downstream ecology. The study shall be undertaken by an independent agency decided in consultation with the Ministry. (xx) The project proponent shall also submit six monthly reports on Being submitted the status of compliance of stipulated EC conditions including the result of monitored data (both in hard copies as well as by email) including the respective Regional Office of MOEF and Zonal Office of CPCB and SPCB. (xxi) Any appeal against this environmental clearance shall lie with No grievance /complaint the National Green Tribunal, if preferred, within a period of 30 submitted by the affected days from the date of issue, as prescribed under eSection-10 people of the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010.

E. Compliance of Forest clearance

21. Under section 2 of the Forest conservation Act,1980, 680.27 ha of forest land (405.00 ha in Shahjapur Forest Division and 275.27 ha in Rajgarh Forest Division) has been diverted in favor of Water Resource Department, Government of Madhya Pradesh with some conditions for execution of Kundalia Multipurpose project in Shahjapur and Rajgarh districts. The status of compliance of these conditions is given below:

S. No. Condition Status i Legal status of the diverted forest land shall remain being implemented unchanged ii Compensatory afforestation over the non-forest land, equal The afforestation is being in extent to the forest land being diverted shall be raised carried out by the forest and maintained by the State Forest Department from the deptt. funds already provided by the User Agency. iii Non forest land which is transferred and mutated in favour Non forest land has been of the State Forest Department for the purpose of transferred to Forest

S. No. Condition Status compensatory afforestation, shall be declared as Reserved Department. Forest under Section-4 or Protected Forest under Section - 29 of the Indian Forest Act. 1927 or under the relevant Section(s) of the local Forest Act. The Nodal Officer must report compliance within a period of six (6) months from the date of grant of stage-II approval under the Forest (Conservation) act.1980 for diversion of the said forest land and send original notification of RF/PF as the case may be to the Central Government for confirmation and record. iv User agency shall pay the additional amount of NPV, if so NPV value has been determined, as per the final decision of the Hon’ble determined and deposited Supreme Court of India. with State Department. v User agency shall obtain the Environment Clearance as per Clearance obtained the provision of the Environmental (Protection) Act 1986 if required vi To prevent illegal occupation/ encroachment of forest land R & R plan is being by the families to be displaced from the project site, the implemented by MPWRD user agency shall ensure that each family being displaced from the project site actually acquires and settles on non- forest land. Apart from taking other measures to achieve the said objective, as a measure to discourage the project affected families from encroaching into the forest land, payment of annuity for a period of at-least five years at the rate of minimum wage payable to the unskilled person for 200 person days per annum to each adult member of the project affected families. On the receipt of a certificate signed by a forest officer not below the rank of a Range Officer having jurisdiction over the area where such person has settled after displacement form the project site, should be incorporated in the R & R plan. Payment of the said annuity should be an additionally and not in replacement of any of the benefits to be accrued to the project affected persons, as per the present R & R Plan. vii User agency shall track location of each displaced family ongoing activities and ensure that none of them encroach/ occupy forest land. In support of compliance to this condition at-least for five years from the date of taking possession of the forest land, the user agency shall submit an annual certificate to the Principal Chief Conservator of forests. Madhya Pradesh that none of the persons displaced from the project land has encroached/ settled on the forest land during the year. viii No additional forest land will be sought for construction of confirming that no additional any canal in future. forest land will be required ix Catchment Area Treatment (CAT) plans of the project shall CAT plan is being be implemented under the supervision of State Forest implemented by Forest Department from the funds already deposited by the user Department. agency. x Felling of trees on the forest land being diverted shall be being implemented reduced to the care minimum and the trees should be felled under strict supervision of the State Forest Department. xi User agency shall undertake afforestation along the being implemented but still periphery of the reservoir. at the planning stage

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S. No. Condition Status xii Government of the Madhya Pradesh and the user agency To be followed shall ensue that the trees available between Full Reservoir Level (FRL) and FRL 4 meters are not felled xiii User agency shall provide free water for the forestry related To be followed projects. xiv The layout plan of the proposal shall not be changed To be followed without the prior approval of the Central Government. xv No labor camp shall be established on the forest land. Being implemented xvi Forest land shall not be used for any purpose other than To be followed that specified in the proposal and under no circumstances be transferred to any agency, department or person. xvii User agency shall provide alternate fuels to the labourers being implemented and the staff working at the site so as to avoid any damage and pressure on the nearby forest areas. xviii Boundary of the diverted forest land shall be demarcated on being implemented and lead ground at the project cost, erecting four feet high reinforced by Forest Department cement concrete pillars, each inscribed with its serial number, forward and back bearing and distance from pillar to pillar. xix User agency shall ensure that because of this project, no To be followed damage is caused to the flora and fauna available in the area. xx Any other condition that the concerned Regional Office of To be followed this Ministry may stipulate from time to time in the interest of conservation, protection and development of forests & wildlife xxi User agency shall submit the annual report on compliance Is being Submitted to condition stipulated in the approval to the state government and concerned Regional Office in this Ministry xxii User agency and the State Government shall ensure To be followed compliance to all conditions stipulated in the stage-I approval for which undertakings have been obtained from the user agency and also the provisions of all Acts, Rules, Regulations and Guidelines for the time being in force as applicable to the project.

F. Conclusion

22. From the due diligence, the followings are the important conclusions:

(i) The KMMP has been prepared with comprehensively addressing its environment and social concerns. The EMP that aims to avoid as much as possible and minimize the potential impacts have been elaborated for easy implementation and monitoring. (ii) The table below show the assessment on how ADB environmental safeguard principles have been addressed by the KMMP:

ADB Environment KMMP Remark Safeguard Principles 1 Use screening process to The TOR for EIA was prepared by Comprehensive TOR clear determine appropriate environment undertaking scoping exercise by Ministry of Environment assessment Forest and Climate Change 2 Conduct environmental The EIA covers the potential assessment to identify potential environment and social impacts direct and indirect impacts associated with all KMMP activities and indicate the characteristic of each impact 3 Examine alternative The KMMP provide alternative analysis in terms of location and engineering to minimize the environmental impacts 4 Prepare Environmental The EMP was prepared and further There are several detailed Management Plan elaborated in more detailed plan management plans included in the EIA report, such as: Biodiversity management plan Fisheries management plan Catchment area management plan 5 Carry out meaningful consultation Public hearing and technical team During the EIA study, discussion were carried out during EIA consultation with affected preparation people were carried out through door to door survey, aside from gathering socio- economic information, the proposed project wes explained to the affected people 6 Disclose the EIA report The EIA is disclose through MOEFCC website, and the MPWD website 7 Implement EMP and Monitor Based on the contractor report and Effectiveness MPWD staff field monitoring, the fisrt environmental monitoring report has only recently submitted to the regional office of MOEFCC. It is expected that the report will be disclosed in the websites of MPWD and MOEFCC 8 Do not implement project in areas The KMMP is not involve any areas verify the data and of critical habitats or legally has significant ecological function or information by using IBAT designated as protected areas protected areas, although involving and shows that no protected 680 ha land owned by Forest area nearby the KMMP, and Department most species are least concerned uder the UICN Red list 9 Apply Pollution Prevention The EIA has adequate requirements to avoid and minimize pollution air, water and soil 10 Provide workers with safe and The contractor provide a decent living healthy working condition environment for their workers, and personal safety equipment is also provided 11 Conserve physical cultural The EIA shows that there is no social resources cultural sensitive area involved in this project

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23. From the comparison table above, it can be concluded that KMMP has been prepared with adequate environment consideration and generally consistent with SPS environmental principals. No corrective action needs to be undertaken to avoid the impact to KIP, but need the monitoring report to be regularly submitted and disclosed.

24. The executing agency for KMMP and KIP under the MPIEIP is the MPWRD, therefore, MPWRD will be able to ensure that the EMP for KMMP will be strictly implemented to avoid any impact to the KIP under the MPIEIP.

Annexure 5: Minutes of Public Consultation Meetings DATED 15.07.16 AT SUSNER

Venue:- Nagar Panchyat Bhawan (Manglik) Susner District –Agar.

Chairman :Shri Krishan Chandra Patidar, Repersentative Janpad President (Block head),Susner Block Agar District.

Key speakers : Mr. Rajesh Mishra, SDO, Kundalia Irrigation Project MP WRD Dr. A. K. Sharma, Environment Safeguard Specialist Dr. K. K. Gaur, Social Development Specialist Dr. R. K. Saxena. Deputy Team leader and Agriculture Specialist Mr. H. S. Sandhu, Geographical Information Specialist Mr. Hari Mohan BPM Agriculture Mr. Meharwan Singh ATM Agriculture Other participants: Sarpanch’s , farmers including labors of different villages falling in Kundalia Irrigation Project area.

Process of Public Consultation • Advertisement was given in Dainik Bhaskar - News Papers ( Ujjain& Bhopal Editions)-Copies enclosed as Appendix-A. • Invitations sent to the local administration of District Agar including SDM Susner, Tahsildar, Nagar Panchyat CMO, Janpad President and Village Sarpanches of the concerned blocks –copy of the same is enclosed as as Appendix-B. • Public Address System (Loud speakers) were used as communication media for creating awareness about the said consultation meeting in different villages of the project area. • During public consultations, small leaflets (project handout) containing information about the project infrastructure development, project benefits and its impacts both positive and negative was distributed to the participants copy of the same is enclosed as Annexure-C.

Public consultation meeting was organized under the chairmanship of Shri Krishan Chandra Patidar, Representative Janpad President (Block head), Block Susner, District Agar. Officials from concened departments and Block Administration of Susner were also present. Besides, representatives (Sarpanch) of nearby Gram Panchayats including farmers and Shopkeepers participated in the public consultation meeting. As a whole, more than 100 persons participated in the public consultation meeting. A list of the same is enclosed as Annexure.

The objective of the Public Consultation Meeting was to create awareness about the aims and components of Kundalia Irrigation Project and to know the feedback of the stakeholders regarding the KIP project. Further, possibilities of stakeholders involvement during the implementation and O& M under the project activities were also to be explored. Similarly, getting their views regarding sharing of project cost . As a whole, objective was to involve the stakeholders in the whole process from the very beginning , so that the implementation could be completed in participatory manner. First of all, Mr. H. S. Sandhu, Geographical Information Specialist (GIS) , WAPCOS welcomed the participants of the Public Consultation Meeting (PCM). Mr. Rajesh Mishra, SDO, Kundalia Irrigation Project, briefed about the project and its components. He also explained about the implementation plan and other infrastructural activities to be created under the KIP. Dr. R. K. Saxena. Deputy Team leader and Agriculture Specialist, WAPCOS describe the micro irrigation plan, involvement of villagers in project management, water availability improvement livestock development and other expected benefits of the project. Dr. A. K. Sharma, Environment Safeguard Specialist, WAPCOS briefed about the possible impact of infrastructure development and other activities of the project on environment and social

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114 aspects, employment opportunities, migration, potable /safe water accessibility and conflict management- (Grievance redresses mechanism) during implementation of the project. Dr. K. K. Gaur, Social Safeguards Specialist briefed about the income generating activities, employment opportunity for woman skill development and people,s participation in planning and implementation of the project. He expressed his views on the livelihood enhancement in the project area .Further, it was expected that the suggestions from the participants would be of immense help in finalizing the project to make it participatory ,so that implementation process would become easier . Shri Krishan Chandra Patidar, Representative President (Block head),Block Susner appraised that this project will become a boon for all of us and it would help in raising the socio-economic status of the local masses in the project area. Further, he requested the audience for providing their suggestions which would be useful for finalizing the plan for implementation of the project.

Some of the key quarries raised and their possible clarifications are given below:

Quarries Clarifications Up to which extend pipeline will reach Farmer outlet will be given up to 0.6 to 2.5 Ha. How the pipe will be laid Pipe will be laid 1 m below Ground level Whether water will be diverted from this Water will not be diverted from this reservoir reservoir to other reservoir How the farmers will be compensated for Farmers will suitably be compensated as per the R&R damage to the crop during construction and policy 2013 of Govt. of India and M P Government which laying of pipe line ever is better in the interest of farmers. How the water will be given to the farmer in Sufficient pressure i.e. 20 m shall be maintained at each the upper land area and every outlet, thus, water would be available to each field.

Besides the above mentioned quarries, there was a general discussion on different aspects involved in the project and people participation in the whole process.

The Public Consultation Meeting ended with the vote of thanks to the chair with a hope that the people would be participating with a good zeal in making the project a success.

DATED 16.07.16 AT ZIRAPUR

Venue: Janpad Panchayat Bhawan Zirapur Rajgarh-District.

Chairman Ms Anita Patel, Tehsildar Zirapur District-Rajgarh.

Key Speakers Mr. Rajesh Mishra, SDO, Kundalia Irrigation Project MP WRD Miss.Laxmi Vishwakarma, SDO, Kundalia Irrigation Project MP WRD Mr. Suresh Soni Sub Engineer, Kundalia Irrigation Project MP WRD Mr.S k Parasar Sub Engineer, Kundalia Irrigation Project MP WRD Dr. A. K. Sharma, Environment Safeguard Specialist Dr. K. K. Gaur, Social Development Specialist Dr. R. K. Saxena. Deputy Team leader and Agriculture Specialist Mr. H. S. Sandhu, Geographical Information Specialist Mr. A.K. Jain RAEO Agriculture Mr. R.C.Sharma RAEO Agriculture

Public Consultation Meeting was organized under the chairmanship of Ms Anita Patel, Tehsildar Zirapur District-Rajgarh, Madhya Pradesh .The officials of various departments and Block Administration of Zirapur were also present. Besides, representatives (Sarpanch) of different Gram Panchayats, including

the farmers, Shopkeepers, labors and females participated in the public consultation meeting. More than 130 people of the project area participated in the said meeting. Here, it is to mention that during this PMC, people from affected as wellas command area were present. A list of the participants, is enclosed as Appecdix C.

The objective of the Public Consultation Meeting was to create awareness about the aims and components of Kundalia Irrigation Project and to know the reaction of the stakeholders regarding the said project. Further, possibilities of their involvement during the implementation and O& M under the project activities were also to be explored. Similarly, their views regarding sharing of cost involved were also to be known. As a whole, objective was to involve the stakeholders in the whole process from the very beginning,so that the implementation could be completed in participatory manner.

First of all, Mr. H. S. Sandhu, Geographical Information Specialist (GIS), WAPCOS welcomed the participants of the Public Consultation Meeting (PCM). Mr. Rajesh Mishra, SDO, Kundalia Irrigation Project, briefed about the project and its components . He also explained about the implementation plan and other infrastructural activities to be created under the KIP. Dr. R. K. Saxena. Deputy Team leader and Agriculture Specialist, WAPCOS described the micro irrigation plan, involvement of villagers in project management, water availability improvement livestock development and other expected benefits of the project. Dr. A. K. Sharma, Environment Safeguard Specialist, WAPCOS briefed about the possible impact of infrastructure development and other activities of the project on environment and social aspects, employment opportunities, migration, potable /safe water accessibility and conflict management-(Grievance redresses mechanism) during implementation of the project. Dr. K. K. Gaur, Social Safeguards Specialist briefed about the income generating activities, employment opportunity for woman skill development and people’s participation in planning and implementation of the project. He expressed his views on the livelihood enhancement in the project area. Further, it was expected that the suggestions from the participants would be of immense help in finalizing the project to make it participatory, so that implementation process would become easier. Ms.Anita Patel, Tehsildar, Jirapur, District Rajgarh appraisedthat this project will become useful for this area as a whole and it would help in enhancement of the socio-economic conditions of the villagers in the project area. Further, she requested the audience for helping the project authorities during implementation of the KIP. The suggestions of the participants would be useful for finalizing the implementation plan of the project.

Some of the points raised during the deliberations were raised and queries of the same were replied. Most of the questions raised were relating to the affected persons due to submergence of their respective agricultural land as well as habitation. In this regard, Tehsildar Jirapur and chairman of the PCM replied and made them satisfied. Main emphasis of the PCM was on Peoples participation and to make the entire project in participatory manner. For, which the participants unanimously, agreed and promised to help the project authorities during the implementation. Other quarries raised by the participants were of the similar nature as was raised during the PCM held at Susner Besides; there was a general discussion on different activities involved in the KIP.

The public consultation meeting ended with the vote of thanks to the chair with a hope that the local masses would be cooperating during the implementation of the KIP and will bring it as a participatory approach.

The coverage of the proceeding of PCM held in both the cases was made by the media The cuttings of news papers and some photographs are enclose as ready reference as Appendix-E . It is to mentioned that media has played a positive role in making the PCM quite successful.

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Appendix-A

Information Regarding organizing the public consultation meeting in local news papers “Dainik Bhaskar” (Ujjain & Bhopal editions)

Appendix-B Invitation Letter for Public consultation meeting.

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Appendix-C Project Handout (brief description of the project).

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Appendix-D List of Participants in Public Consultation Meeting at Susner & Zirapur.

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Appendix-E

Media Coverage and Photographs of Susner (15.07.2016) and Zirapur (16.07.2016) Public Consultation Meeting

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Public Consultation Meeting at Susner

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Public Consultation Meeting at Zirapur

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Annexure 6: Pest and Nutrient Management Plans 1. In addition to above mitigation and management plans some plans like pest management and nutrient management plan also given hereunder needed to be incorporated in the project report, to achieve the objective and optimum benefit of the project.

A. Pest Management Plan

2. The project interventions might result in increased use of fertilizer and pesticides in the command area. A pest management plan, incorporating stakeholder’s recommendations, has been prepared for sustainable use of pesticide. Integrated Pest Management is the approach now being adopted worldwide to address the issue of excessive use of chemical pesticides in agriculture. It involves a) managing pests (keeping them below economically damaging levels) rather than seeking to eradicate them; b) Relying, to the extent possible, on non-chemical measures to keep pest populations low; and c) Selecting and applying pesticides, when they have to be used, in a way that minimizes adverse effects on beneficial organisms, humans, and the environment.

3. Tools of IPM: Monitoring: Crop monitoring, that keeps track of the pests and their potential damage, is the foundation of IPM. This provides knowledge about the current pests and crop situation and is helpful in selecting the best possible combinations of the pest management methods. Pheromone traps have an advantage over other monitoring tools such as light and sticky traps. Being selective to specific pests, they have proven their usefulness in large scale IPM validations in cotton, basmati rice, chickpea and pigeon pea.

4. Pest resistant varieties: Breeding for pest resistance is a continuous process. At the same time the pests also, particularly the plant pathogens, co-evolve with their hosts. Thus, gene transfer technology is useful in developing cultivars resistant to insects, plant pathogens and herbicides. An example of this is the incorporation of genetic material from Bacillus thuringensis (Bt), a naturally occurring bacterium, in cotton, corn, and potatoes, which makes the plant tissues toxic to the insect pests.

5. Cultural pest control: It includes crop production practices that make crop environment less susceptible to pests. Crop rotation, fallowing, manipulation of planting and harvesting dates, manipulation of plant and row spacing, and destruction of old crop debris are a few examples of cultural methods that are used to manage the pests. Planting of cover crops, nectar- producing plants and inter-planting of different crops to provide habitat diversity to beneficial insects are important management techniques. Cover crops, often legume or grass species, prevent soil erosion and suppress weeds. A cover crop can also be used as a green manure, which is incorporated in the soil to provide nitrogen and organic matter to the subsequent crop. When incorporated in the soil, some cover crops of the Brassica family have the ability to suppress nematode pests and wilt diseases. Left in the field as residues, rye and wheat provide more than 90 percent weed suppression. Cultural controls are selected based on knowledge of pest biology and development.

6. Physical or mechanical controls: These are based on the knowledge of pest behavior. Placing plastic-lined trenches in potato fields to trap migrating Colorado potato beetles is one example of the physical control. Shaking of the pigeon pea plant to remove Helicoverpa larvae is a common practice in pigeon pea growing areas. Hand picking of insect pests is perhaps the simplest pest control method. Installation of dead as well as live bird perches in cotton and chickpea fields has proved effective in checking the bollworm infestation.

B. Nutrient Management Plan:

7. The most appropriate strategy for increasing fertilizer use efficiency is to practice NMP. The basic principle of NMP is the maintenance of soil fertility, sustaining agricultural productivity and improving farmers’ profitability through the judicious and efficient use of mineral fertilizers, organic manures and bio - fertilizers. Benefit of nutrient management is given below:

(i) Helps achieve highest production per unit of investment (ii) Helps achieve highest production per unit of investment. (iii) Helps reduce toxicity, which happens due to excessive use of single nutrients. (iv) Provides natural safeguard against biotic and a biotic stresses. (v) Helps maintain soil health through organic matter and results in better fertilizer use efficiency. (vi) The interventions underlying NMP shall include: Adoption of soil-test based optimum nutrient use levels, ensuring adequacy of P level to meet the competitive demands of crops and P- fixation capacity of soils Working model for integration of organic manures and NPK fertilizers for sustainable high yields/farmers' resource - based target yields. Inoculation of soybean and other legume seeds. Inclusion of legumes in rotation. Adoption of improved (modern) crop management practices to ensure cultivation of HYV, timely sowing and adequate crop stand establishment, timely weed control and plant protection, and proper water management. Technical training courses at village level for improving farmer’s knowledge base. The training shall focus on concept and contents of NMP, integration of organic and inorganic resources in consideration of farmers' resource base for mobilizing various nutrient sources, improvement of quality and quantity of F YM, making use of NADEP compost system, including vermin culture and use of bio- fertilizers. (Extension agencies and NGOs shall be involved in organizing training courses). Working in close collaboration with NGOs, on orienting farmers to organic and biodynamic farming approach involving the use of F YM, green manures, crop residues, vermin-compost, bio- fertilizers and bio- pesticides while understanding their resources and targeted yields. Facilitating certification and marketing of certified organic produces with appropriate price premiums through Department of Agriculture. Facilitating the adoption of NMP in general and organic farming in particular, and for monitoring of practices adopted in producing organic products, keeping full track of production processes and products from field to sale point as well as for arranging organic certification and marketing.

8. Procedures for Preparation of NMP: The proposed activities related to NM are to be taken up by an external agency including monitoring and evaluation (facilitated by the Water Resource Department and Agriculture Specialist). This team would evaluate the NMP component for effectiveness and scaling- up implications. Procedures for Preparation of NMP are presented below:

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Table 22: Procedures & Indicators for NMP

Project Procedures Agency Process, Outcomes Stage &Impact Indicators Ag e n c y (Monitoring Agency) Pre-Planning Preparation of Thematic Maps Department of List of agriculture Stage on Agriculture, Soil, Geology, Agriculture related Water Resources , Fertilizer &MPWRD features (Agricultural use, Pesticide use, etc. of Expert) sub-projects areas Sensitization through joint Department of List of all sensitive walk through and Agriculture & issues and banned consultations to identify MPWRD agrochemicals cropping patterns , survey, (Environmental & types of fertilizer, pesticide Agricultural Experts )

use etc.

Identification of environmental Department of List of all likely and social impacts inclusion of Agriculture & impacts of agricultural the concerns into ESMP MPWRD practices related to agriculture & requirements of IPM

plan (Environ mental, Social & Agricultural Experts ) Planning Joint walk through, Department of List of Spatial and Non and consultations and PRA Agriculture helped by spatial design techniques to disclose MPWRD & issues(Agriculture stage concerns related to existing Agriculture Expert expert) agricultural practices Training on IPM along Department of List of safe guard with projects benefits to the Agriculture helped by measures farming community & alleviate MPWRD & (Agriculture expert) apprehension related to Agriculture Expert productivity due to change in water regime in the catchment and command area Implementati Setting up information Kiosks, Department of Number of Kiosks, on and post- Organic Certification of Agriculture helped by Certified Products, implementati Agricultural products , MPWRD & Demonstration on stage Demonstration Agriculture Expert Projects, Levels and types of pesticide in Projects with approved Department of soil & water Agriculture helped by agro-chemicals only, Training (Environmental & MPWRD & material restricted to mention Agriculture Expert) of approved agrochemicals Agriculture Expert only, pesticide etc.

9. The following components can be considered as parts of the NMP, and can be adopted as per need, resource and local conditions:

(i) Nitrogen Fixing Plants (ii) Bio- fertilizers (iii) Organic Manure (iv) Vermiculture

10. It is recommended that FAO/UN Sponsored concept of Farmer Field School (FFS) approach should be followed to promote a comprehensive programme towards the use of farm waste and low chemical input for soil fertilization, as well as NMP as means to promote sustainable agriculture with low cost of production and high profitability. State Agriculture Universities, Krishi Kendra (KK), NGOs and other support agencies could be tapped for technical support.

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