E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 104 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION

Vol. 141 WASHINGTON, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1995 No. 199 House of Representatives

The House met at 10 a.m. and was come forward and lead the House in the inaugural Las Vegas Bowl in 1992; To- called to order by the Speaker pro tem- Pledge of Allegiance. ledo has never played in a Las Vegas pore [Mr. ENSIGN]. Mr. DICKEY led the Pledge of Alle- Bowl. f giance as follows: I will match the gentlewoman from I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the , Ms. KAPTUR’s, glass bowl bet DESIGNATION OF THE SPEAKER United States of America, and to the Repub- with a University of -Reno PRO TEMPORE lic for which it stands, one nation under God, sweatshirt. The bottom line is: To- The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be- indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. night, the UNR Wolf Pack will pounce fore the House the following commu- f on the Toledo Rockets. Go Wolf Pack. nication from the Speaker: ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER f WASHINGTON, DC, PRO TEMPORE December 14, 1995. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The ROCKETS’ TRAJECTORY TAKES I hereby designate the Honorable JOHN E. Chair will entertain fifteen 1-minutes THEM TO THE LAS VEGAS BOWL ENSIGN to act as Speaker pro tempore on per side. this day. f (Ms. KAPTUR asked and was given NEWT GINGRICH, permission to address the House for 1 Speaker of the House of Representatives. UNR WOLF PACK WILL POUNCE ON minute and to revise and extend her re- f THE TOLEDO ROCKETS marks.) PRAYER (Mrs. VUCANOVICH asked and was Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, this given permission to address the House evening the undefeated University of The Chaplain, Rev. James David for 1 minute and to revise and extend Toledo Rockets will take to the field in Ford, D.D., offered the following pray- her remarks.) the Las Vegas Bowl and once again dis- er: Mrs. VUCANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, I play their awesome offensive prowess Your blessings, O God, are new every rise today to discuss an issue of vital as they defeat the University of Nevada morning; Your favor looks over us and importance, the Las Vegas Bowl. To- Wolf Pack—for the second time this gives us peace; Your benediction night at 9 p.m., the Big West Con- year. It’s an uncommon event to have speaks the words of forgiveness and ference champions, the University of a rematch in post-season college foot- new life and Your everlasting arms Nevada-Reno Wolf Pack, will take on ball, but tonight Toledo and Nevada give support and strength. Through ill- the University of Toledo Rockets. The will reprise their September contest—a ness and health, through hope and Washington Times said today the Las game in which the Rockets beat the tears, through joy and sorrow, and in Vegas Bowl will showcase some unno- turnover-prone Wolf Pact 49 to 35. all the moments of each day, we are ticed talent. This is the Rockets’ sixth bowl ap- grateful, O God, for Your gifts of faith Disregard what my distinguished col- pearance. They have prevailed in all— and hope and love. This is our earnest league, the gentlewoman from Ohio with five solid wins and one forfeit. prayer. Amen. [Ms. KAPTUR], says about the teams’ Now I’m sure the Wolf Pack has no in- f previous meeting, never mind that tention of forfeiting, but the Rockets they beat us 49 to 35. The statistics will prevail again nonetheless. THE JOURNAL that we have to concentrate on are: As is the custom in the House, I offer The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. EN- No. 1, UNR has the No. 1 passing at- my friend from Reno and colleague on SIGN). The Chair has examined the tack in the Nation, not Toledo; No. 2, the Appropriations Committee, BAR- Journal of the last day’s proceedings UNR is the No. 1 in total offense in the BARA VUCANOVICH, a congenial wager and announces to the House his ap- Nation, not Toledo; No. 3, UNR has a that Toledo’s irrepressible Rockets will proval thereof. quarterback that became the first defeat Nevada tonight. So, as Toledo is Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Jour- player to lead the Nation in total of- known as the glass capital of the nal stands approved. fense in consecutive seasons. Toledo world, I will risk a set of Libbey Glass f does not. Alex Van Dyke and Toledo’s wine glasses and Ohio Catawba non- Wasean Tait are a pair of overachievers alcoholic Sparkling Grape Juice to fill PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE on teams that have been largely over- them on my conviction that Toledo’s The SPEAKER pro tempore. Will the looked this year despite some very im- Rockets will blast off from Las Vegas gentleman from Arkansas [Mr. DICKEY] pressive statistics. UNR played in the victorious.

b This symbol represents the time of day during the House proceedings, e.g., b 1407 is 2:07 p.m. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor.

H 14873 H 14874 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 PENS, DISAPPEARING INK, AND REPUBLICANS FILLING THEIR knows that balancing the budget is SHARPENED PENCILS CHRISTMAS STOCKINGS WITH sane and responsible. The debt that (Mr. HAYWORTH asked and was MORE GOODIES previous Congresses have saddled on given permission to address the House (Mr. VENTO asked and was given our Nation is a form of bondage. And for 1 minute and to revise and extend permission to address the House for 1 our children and our grandchildren will his remarks.) minute and to revise and extend his re- pay for our failed governmental experi- Mr. HAYWORTH. Mr. Speaker, I will marks.) ments. withstand the temptation to talk Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, today’s And what has been the response from about football because I did that most paper reports that the Republican lead- the President? Last week, he vetoed of my professional life. Instead I would ership has again dropped the ball in the first balanced budget in a genera- simply offer the following observa- terms of trying to limit Members of tion. And today, he is at least negotiat- tions: Congress’ outside income. We know ing a balanced budget with the Con- It is my sincere and solid hope that this past year there have been great gress. But does anyone here believe President Clinton did not take the pen scandals about the book deal with the that if there were no Republican ma- Lyndon Johnson used to sign the Ton- Speaker, and in the past, this problem jority that Bill Clinton would be nego- kin Gulf resolution with him to Paris is nothing new, because it occurred tiating a balanced budget? The answer to sign the treaty. Of course last week with past Speakers and with other is clearly, ‘‘no.’’ President Clinton took LBJ’s Medicare Members of the House and Senate. But Mr. Speaker, let us end the excuses pen to discover it was out of ink, and now, after the Committee on Standards and balance our budget. about a month ago President Clinton, of Official Conduct and the embarrass- f amidst great fanfare, signed a public ment that this body has gone through REPUBLICANS MANUFACTURING law, a budget agreement agreeing to this past year, the report is that the ANOTHER CRISIS get to a balanced budget in 7 years Committee on Standards of Official (Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas asked using honest numbers, but I suppose Conduct that has passed a proposal to and was given permission to address the President believes he used dis- limit outside earned income from book the House for 1 minute and to revise appearing ink in signing that agree- deals is going to be rejected. It is going and extend his remarks.) ment. to be put off so that the leadership, the Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas. Mr. Mr. Speaker, the President should Republican leadership in this House Speaker, the stage is set for another take out a sharpened pencil and, with and across this country, can continue Government shutdown tomorrow night. his budgeteers, work toward an honest to fill their Christmas stockings with That means that citizens will not be balanced budget within 7 years. That is more goodies, not just this year in De- able to apply for Social Security or our mission. The American people will cember, but throughout the next year. veterans’ benefits. settle for no less. Happy New Year to the book deals— We find ourselves in this situation f business as usual. because the congressional Republicans It is time to properly limit the out- have not sent a continuing resolution MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE side earned income and the book deals to the President. They are manufactur- A message from the Senate by Mr. and get back to the work we were ing another crisis because the Presi- Lundregan, one of its clerks, an- elected to do, not writing political fic- dent will not cut Medicare and edu- nounced that the Senate had passed tion about our glory days in the 104th cation the way the Republicans want without amendment a bill of the House Congress. him to. of the following title: The 104th Congress should be about— This poster was given to me by a con- H.R. 325. An act to amend the Clean Air delivering on a balanced budget that is stituent of mine, a small businessman Act to provide for an optional provision for both balanced fiscally and balanced in the Houston Heights area of Hous- the reduction of work-related vehicle trips fairly for the people of this country we ton, that he is worried about what is and miles travelled in ozone non-attainment represent, not to take away from the happening up here, and obviously he is areas designated as severe, and for other pur- Medicare recipients and the Medicaid poses. a fan of the Speaker when he says the recipients and the less fortunate to rich get richer, we see the end of a The message also announced that the provide and give tax breaks to our rich great Nation in Godnewtzilla. What he Senate had passed with an amendment friends. Congress ought to get on with is worried about is we are seeing the in which the concurrence of the House the task that we are elected to do to destruction of our country by cutting is requested, a concurrent resolution of finish up the work that is 2 and 3 most seniors and the education for our the House of the following title: months past due, and get home so we children, and yet he wants to make H. Con. Res. 116. Concurrent resolution di- can be with our families and friends sure that he can earn his living as a recting the Secretary of the Senate to make and serve our constituents, not make small business person in Houston. technical corrections in the enrollment of S. bad history for political trash novels— 1060. Mr. Speaker, this crisis is contrived, with fat incomes for the congressional and it is taking place because the Re- The message also announced that the sponsors holiday stocking and a lump publican leadership has not been able Senate had passed bills, a joint resolu- of coal for the taxpayers. to get their own appropriation bills to tion, and a concurrent resolution of the f the President. following titles, in which the concur- f rence of the House is requested: WITHOUT A REPUBLICAN MAJOR- S. 1136. An act to control and prevent com- ITY WOULD BILL CLINTON BE WHY WE HAVE TO BALANCE THE mercial counterfeiting, and for other pur- NEGOTIATING A BALANCED BUDGET poses; BUDGET? (Mr. KINGSTON asked and was given S. 1331. An act to adjust and make uniform (Mr. BALLENGER asked and was permission to address the House for 1 the dollar amounts used in title 18 to distin- guish between grades of offenses, and for given permission to address the House minute.) other purposes; for 1 minute.) Mr. KINGSTON. Mr. Speaker, as my S. 1465. An act to extend au pair programs; Mr. BALLENGER. Mr. Speaker, this colleagues know, balancing the budget S.J. Res. 43. Joint resolution expressing morning our national debt stands at 4 is not about Republicans or Democrats. the sense of Congress regarding Wei trillion, 988 billion, 438 million, 854 It is not about partisan victory. It is Jingsheng; Gedhun Choekyi Nyima, the next thousand, 514 dollars and 79 cents. not about a victory of one group over Panchen Lama of Tibet; and the human All this year, Republicans have de- another group. It is about setting pri- rights practices of the Government of the voted tremendous effort and energy to orities. It is saying that we care more People’s Republic of China; and S. Con. Res. 36. Concurrent resolution di- doing something about this debt. We about the future and worry about our recting the Secretary of the Senate to make have passionately advocated balancing children’s future than just getting re- technical corrections in the enrollment of S. the budget and doing the right thing elected. Balancing the budget is not 1060. for America. Everybody in America just about economics, and it is not just December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14875 about accounting. It is about the fact over that ‘‘heartless’’ Republicans are It is not working. The people in this that we live in a great country, we live ‘‘slashing’’ Government to give tax country no longer are being deceived. in the greatest country the world has breaks to their friends. False. But it is The polls show that. I have been to ever seen, and yet we can live in an true that in some areas of Government, town meetings. I find that people are even greater one if we live within our like foreign aid, we are cutting. In angry that Democrats are trying to means. other areas, like Medicaid and Medi- mislead them, that the Clinton admin- There are a lot of economic reasons care, we are increasing spending. istration is trying to mislead them. to balance the budget, but what would And it is also true that we advocate People do not like to be scared unnec- it mean to the person back home? Mr. tax cuts. Remember, higher taxes essarily. I think that is a very good Speaker, experts have said, including means more spending in Washington. I thing that they do not. Alan Greenspan, that living within our am proud that Republicans are going I would suggest that the gentleman means under a balanced budget could to give a $500 tax credit to children and might want to talk to our new col- mean a drop in the interest rates, per- to working families. The money that league, Tom Campbell, when he arrives haps as much as 2 percent, and, if the Americans make belongs to them; it here and find out just exactly what is interest rates drop 2 percent, the aver- does not belong to the Government. going on out there in America, because age homeowner could have a lower And let me say this about lower taxes: people know the truth. We are provid- mortgage. If a family has a 30-year We need lower taxes to help grow the ing for Medicare. We are increasing mortgage on a $75,000 house, then over economy. It is essential to balancing Medicare. We are going from $4,700 per the lifetime of the loan that family the budget that we have strong eco- capita to over $7,100 per capita in our will save and pocket $37,000. nomic growth. This time lower taxes budget. President Clinton’s budget does That is why we need to balance the will be coupled with spending re- not balance. CBO says it one more budget, Mr. Speaker, and I hope that straints in Washington. time, it does not balance. We will stand the Democrats and Republicans will all Mr. Speaker, let us end the excuses behind our challenge. Get some facts. step forward, put partisanship aside, and let American families keep more of f and do the right thing. what they earn. f f OUR COUNTRY AND OUR TROOPS DESERVE CONGRESSIONAL SUP- WORK OUT OUR DIFFERENCES b 1015 PORT (Mr. PALLONE asked and was given DEMOCRATS STAND FOR MEDI- permission to address the House for 1 (Mr. EDWARDS asked and was given CARE, REPUBLICANS STAND FOR permission to address the House for 1 minute.) MEDIOCRE HEALTH CARE Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, tomor- minute and to revise and extend his re- row is the deadline for the continuing (Mr. ENGEL asked and was given marks.) resolution, and once again it appears permission to address the House for 1 Mr. EDWARDS. Mr. Speaker, yester- the Speaker, NEWT GINGRICH, is pre- minute and to revise and extend his re- day Members of this House, Repub- pared to shut down the Government be- marks.) licans and Democrats alike, cast votes cause of the disagreements over the Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I hope our of conscience on our mission to Bosnia. budget. colleagues focus on this chart, which Some Members endorsed the mission, I have said before, and I will say it says ‘‘Medicare.’’ It is one little word, some expressed serious concerns, and again, we may have differences be- but I think it says more about the dif- some opposed it altogether. That is the tween Democrats and Republicans on ferences between Democrats and Re- way democracy should work. But there the budget, but the negotiations should publicans than any other word. Mr. can be no excuse, there can be no jus- continue and the Government should Speaker, Democrats care very much tification, there can be no rationaliza- not shut down because the Speaker about Medicare, and Republicans want tion for prohibiting this House last cannot come to an agreement. to take the care out of Medicare. They night, which the gentleman from Cali- Already the President has said that want to slash Medicare by $270 billion fornia [Mr. BAKER], did, from having a he wants to continue the Government to give a tax break for their wealthy unanimous vote in support of our operations for at least another week, if friends. troops that are already in Bosnia. not beyond. The Senate leadership on Mr. Speaker, Republicans would like Let me read the resolution the gen- the Republican side has also agreed to to take the ‘‘care’’ out of Medicare. By tleman from [Mr. BAKER], that. Speaker GINGRICH once again says their budget they are taking the and his colleagues who supported him ‘‘no’’ because of his own ideology. ‘‘care’’ out of Medicare. I hope we look killed last night on this floor: We should work out our differences at this. When they take the care out of Resolved: That the House of Representa- on the budget. I think right now there Medicare, this is what happens to tives unequivocally supports the men and is no question that the American peo- health care in this country. It becomes women of the United States Armed Forces ple feel that Medicare and Medicaid mediocre care. Democrats stand for who are carrying out their mission in sup- must be preserved and the Republican Medicare. Republicans stand for medio- port of peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina with leadership in the House must come up cre health care for our seniors, medio- professional excellence, dedicated patriot- ism, and exemplary bravery. with a budget proposal that protects cre care so our seniors cannot get the Medicare and Medicaid, protects our care they need; mediocre care so people For anyone to stop this simple reso- environmental protection, our edu- go without health care; mediocre care lution is at best a lapse in judgment cation programs. They have not done so senior citizens have to suffer, all to and, at worst, mindless partisanship. so. The President has agreed even to give a tax break for the rich. For Our country and our troops deserve the 7-year balanced budget that the Re- shame. better than that. publicans have proposed, but now it is f f up to Speaker GINGRICH and the Repub- THE DEMOCRATS SHOULD GET A CONTINUING RESOLUTION ON A licans in the House to come up with a THE FACTS BIRTHDAY program that agrees with the priorities of the American people. (Mr. GOSS asked and was given per- (Mr. DICKEY asked and was given f mission to address the House for 1 permission to address the House for 1 minute and to revise and extend his re- minute and to revise and extend his re- LOWER TAXES AND SPENDING marks.) marks.) RESTRAINT Mr. GOSS. Mr. Speaker, I would love Mr. DICKEY. Mr. Speaker, today is a (Mr. STEARNS asked and was given to respond to the gentleman who has very important day. It is my birthday. permission to address the House for 1 just addressed us and tell him that we I am either 56 or 65. I cannot remember minute and to revise and extend his re- have a standing offer: It is $1 million if which. But I want you to know I am a marks.) he can find those cuts. We are still little concerned about something. It is Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, the lib- waiting. The challenge has been out 10:20. I have gotten a call from my eral Democrats love to chant over and there. daughter, Laura, and my son, Ted, and H 14876 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 one other person from Maryland, but I and protect the American dream for things so much here and we lose per- have gotten no gifts. I know that time our children. spective, that when we are talking has been rushed and we have been f about a budget, it is about setting pri- doing a lot of things. orities. It is just like our budgets at POLLS SHOW AMERICANS RE- What I am going to propose today is home. What we spend our money on re- SPOND TO THE PRESIDENT’S RE- that we have sort of like a continuing flects our values and our priorities. SPONSIBLE LEADERSHIP resolution so my birthday can extend As we proceed with these negotia- from the 14th through the 21st, to give (Mr. RICHARDSON asked and was tions that are going on, I hope we will you all a chance to give me a gift. I do given permission to address the House keep that in mind and reject the prior- not want this to be a partisan affair. for 1 minute and to revise and extend ities that were set out in the budget We should be bipartisan in this effort his remarks.) reconciliation bill that the House and in every way. I do not want you to Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, ev- Senate passed and the President ve- worry about the gift ban either, or eryone is talking about signals and toed. Those priorities are mean-spir- about the fact that I missed your birth- messages, but here are some facts and ited: more expensive, less accessible, day and did not give you a gift. If you results from the latest New York and lower quality health care; less all start the charity, then I can re- Times CBS poll: commitment to education; higher taxes spond. I want to thank you for this op- President Clinton has emerged from the for working people; less nutrition; less portunity. Please keep me in your Federal budget standoff with his highest immunization, less protection, and minds and your thoughts. public ratings in nearly 2 years, while House Republicans have lost much of the goodwill more poverty for children; less safe f they enjoyed after their sweep of Congress drinking water, more air pollution, more exposure to toxic waste; higher REPUBLICAN PARTISANSHIP WILL last year. State and local taxes; less taxes for the WRECK THE REPUBLIC Today President Clinton signed an American-led peace plan on Bosnia in rich at the expense of the poor. We (Mr. PETERSON of Florida asked Paris. Under his leadership, American- ought to reject those priorities and set and was given permission to address led peace initiatives in Northern Ire- some better priorities for our country. the House for 1 minute and to revise land and the Middle East are flourish- f and extend his remarks.) ing. Somehow, the other side does not Mr. PETERSON of Florida. Mr. want to give him credit for these REPUBLICAN TAX CUTS GO TO Speaker, I want to talk about two sub- achievements, but the American people WORKING AMERICANS jects this morning. First, I am out- are. The other side wants to shut the (Mr. KNOLLENBERG asked and was raged over the Speaker’s and the chair- Government down, but the President given permission to address the House man of the Committee on Rules’ dec- and Senator DOLE want to achieve a for 1 minute and to revise and extend laration that they intend to gridlock balanced budget. his remarks.) action on the Ethics Committee rec- Mr. Speaker, the American people Mr. KNOLLENBERG. Mr. Speaker, ommendation to close the Gingrich are responding to responsible Govern- contrary to what the gentleman just loophole to prevent misuse of congres- ment, and not to politics. said and contrary to what we have been sional offices for personal gain. This is f hearing from the Democratic side, the a serious attempt to muzzle the Ethics tax cuts, all those billions of dollars, Committee, and it must be stopped. THE PRESIDENT SHOULD JOIN RE- $245 billion, are not for the wealthiest The second, I am also outraged, PUBLICANS IN BALANCING THE Americans. In fact, 89 percent, almost grossly disappointed, that last night BUDGET 90 percent, of the $500 per child tax this House could not put politics aside (Mr. CHABOT asked and was given credit, that is the largest tax cut in and send a clear message to our troops permission to address the House for 1 our budget, goes to families making that they have our unequivocal sup- minute and to revise and extend his re- less than $75,000 a year. Over the next port, our troops in Bosnia, and recog- marks.) 7 years, this pro-family credit will in- nize their sacrifices in the service of Mr. CHABOT. Mr. Speaker, 25 days crease the take-home pay of the aver- our country. That is very, very sad. ago, President Clinton promised in age American by $7,000. I do not know This kind of partisanship will ulti- writing to sign a balanced budget about your district, but $7,000 is a fair mately wreck this Republic. agreement by the end of this year. It is amount of money in mine. In Washing- f now December 14. How much longer do ton that may not sound like much SAVINGS WILL PRESERVE THE the American people have to wait? money, but to the working parents of AMERICAN DREAM Last week, the President vetoed the families who have children, they need Balanced Budget Act of 1995. Last (Mr. METCALF asked and was given that. That is a lot to them. It may help week, the President said ‘‘no’’ to a them on their mortgage payments, it permission to address the House for 1 brighter future for our children and for minute and to revise and extend his re- may help them save for a college edu- our grandchildren. cation. They can spend it as they will. marks.) I would like to read something that It is their money in the first place. It Mr. METCALF. Mr. Speaker, new es- this same President said back in March should not have been taken from their timates from CBO project an addi- 1994, and how he said it: ‘‘Why, then, pocket. tional $135 billion in revenue over the are we confronted with an opposition Mr. Speaker, we must put Uncle Sam next 7 years. That is very good news, party that just stands up and says ‘‘No, on a diet and balance the budget, but but those estimates are based mostly no, no, no, no, no, no, no?’’ Mr. Speak- we must allow working families to on gains resulting from optimism all er, it is time for the President to ask keep more of what they earn. around this Nation regarding our himself that same question: Why is he One other point. Balancing the budg- movement toward a balanced budget. saying no, no, no, no, no, no, no, to bal- et and cutting taxes are not mutually Now the bad news. As soon as the ancing the budget? Come on, Mr. Presi- exclusive. The Federal Government word was made public, old politics dent. Join us in balancing the budget spends too much money, not because it reared its ugly head: ‘‘Spend that now. taxes too little. money, spend that money.’’ That is the f old way. The problem, if we start f spending this new, imaginary money, OUR SPENDING MUST REFLECT confidence in a balanced budget will BETTER PRIORITIES FOR AMERICA THE SPEAKER’S BALANCED BUDG- drop and the money will not be there. (Mr. WATT of North Carolina asked ET PLAN SHOULD INCLUDE VET- The lesson: Do not spend that imagi- and was given permission to address ERANS nary money. If we do our job, the the House for 1 minute and to revise (Mr. OLVER asked and was given money will be a bonus to our children and extend his remarks.) permission to address the House for 1 by lowering the debt. We must beat Mr. WATT of North Carolina. Mr. minute and to revise and extend his re- back the old politics, save that money, Speaker, sometimes we complicate marks.) December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14877 Mr. OLVER. Mr. Speaker, in last owners from erroneous Government ac- First year Linganore head football month’s continuing resolution agree- tion. I urge my colleagues to protect coach Bill McIntosh deserves a lot of ment, the gentleman from Georgia [Mr. their constituents and support my credit for nurturing these fine young GINGRICH] and President Clinton com- amendment. men into a winning team. mitted to a balanced budget that f The 1995 State championships were a ‘‘must provide adequate funding for great and difficult goal. THE SPEAKER SHOULD SUPPORT veterans,’’ but NEWT GINGRICH’s cur- The Lancers set their sights on A BUDGET WHICH REFLECTS rent budget plan hurts veterans. That achieving that goal. Then they went AMERICA’S PRIORITIES, NOT HIS budget cuts health coverage for veter- out and made it happen—three times so OWN ans, it increases costs for prescription far this year. drugs for veterans, it hikes costs for (Ms. DELAURO asked and was given May the example of the 1995 Mary- veterans’ home loans, and it even cuts permission to address the House for 1 land State Champion Linganore High some pension benefits for veterans. minute and to revise and extend her re- School girls cross-country team, That budget provides $400 million less marks.) Kristen Ritter, and the football team than what the veterans’ health system Ms. DELAURO. Mr. Speaker, last inspire those of us in Congress to needs in fiscal year 1996 to provide cur- month, the gentleman from Georgia achieve our goal of a balanced budget rent quality health care for veterans. [Mr. GINGRICH] shut down the Govern- in 7 years. f Many of NEWT GINGRICH’s own Repub- ment because he did not like his seat lican Members objected to this cut on Air Force One. But now he is at it ETHICS COMMITTEE NAILS DOWN until they had their arms twisted by again, and while the President and the BOOK ADVANCE LOOPHOLE Republican leaders of the other body their leaders. NEWT GINGRICH should (Mr. POMEROY asked and was given live up to his commitment to a bal- work together to negotiate a budget deal, Speaker GINGRICH can only offer permission to address the House for 1 anced budget that gives veterans what minute and to revise and extend his re- they deserve. obstruction. Why is the Speaker deter- mined to shut down the Government marks.) f Mr. POMEROY. Mr. Speaker, I think again? PRIVATE PROPERTY IMPACTS OF every Member of this body 1 years ago b 1030 H.R. 1020 felt embarrassment when we learned Was he invited to breakfast at the that the incoming Speaker, NEWT (Mr. ENSIGN asked and was given White House and got only one piece of GINGRICH, was about to pocket $4.5 mil- permission to address the House for 1 toast and President Clinton got two? lion under an extraordinarily book deal minute and to revise and extend his re- Who knows. What we do know is that that would have richly benefited him marks.) and the individual seeking to pay him, Mr. ENSIGN. Mr. Speaker, I rise the Speaker is using the threat of a an individual with substantial stake in again to express my strong opposition Government shutdown to force his the legislation to come before this Con- to H.R. 1020, the Nuclear Waste Policy budget priorities on the American peo- gress. Act of 1995. My colleagues have heard ple. My colleagues on the other side have The Committee on Standards of Offi- many, many reasons why H.R. 1020 is said that the polls show that the Amer- cial Conduct, in a bipartisan, unani- not a good bill. I have discussed at ican people know what is going on. In mous vote, has voted to make certain length how H.R. 1020 would preempt fact, they do know what the Repub- that never again will we have a Speak- States rights, slash environmental licans are doing here, and they do not er, NEWT GINGRICH, or a Republican or standards, bust the budget agreement like it. They oppose a budget that cuts a Democrat ever again try and cash in by $4.2 billion, and today I will tell my Medicare, education, environmental in this fashion by nailing down the colleagues how it endangers the rights protection to finance a tax cut for the book advance loophole. of private property owners. I was shocked to learn in this morn- H.R. 1020 proposes that thousands of wealthiest Americans. So, Mr. GINGRICH, quit playing ing’s papers, Speaker GINGRICH is try- shipments of high level nuclear waste games. Give the American people an ing to delay indefinitely this measure be shipped from the 109 reactors around early Christmas present, a budget from coming up for a vote in the the country, across 43 States to Ne- which reflects America’s priorities, the House, and other Members of the Re- vada. As written, there is no language priorities of the people of this country, publican leadership are on board in try- in H.R. 1020 to protect private property not yours. ing to delay us or stop us from having rights. I know that and many of my f a vote on this good Government re- colleagues and I are strong supporters form. of private property rights. As this nu- LINGANORE LANCERS ARE NO. 1 Think again, Mr. Speaker. Think clear waste travels across our local (Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland asked again, Republican leaders. The Com- communities, there is no protection for and was given permission to address mittee on Standards of Official Con- private property owners if their prop- the House for 1 minute and to revise duct has spoken and we will have a erty is devalued. A recent case was de- and extend his remarks.) vote, either under your auspices or cided in Santa Fe, NM, that accurately Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland. Mr. under a discharge petition. describes the reality of this situation. Speaker, there is life outside the Con- f The New Mexico State Supreme Court gress. ruled that Mr. John Komis, of Santa I rise today to recognize the achieve- ETHICS COMMITTEE’S REFORM Fe, NM, be awarded more than $884,000 ments of Linganore High School—the STALLED for damages resulting from devaluation Lancers—and its three 1995 State (Mr. OBEY asked and was given per- of his land due to the transportation of championships. This fall, the mission to address the House for 1 radioactive waste past his property. Linganore girls cross-country team and minute and to revise and extend his re- Your constituents, whether in Wichita, team member Kristen Ritter won the marks.) KS; Medford, OK; or Charleston, WV, or State Division 2–A team and individual Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, the Commit- anywhere along the transportation State championships. tee on Standards of Official Conduct routes, could suffer from this very Most recently, Linganore’s football has unanimously voted to close the same experience. team won its third State championship loophole on outside income limitations I intend to offer an amendment to in Division 2–A. for Members of Congress from book H.R. 1020 to ensure that private prop- It last won the championship in 1991. royalties. Now the Speaker and the erty owners be compensated for any The Lancers’ first State football majority leader and the Committee on property devaluation. While this single championship was earned in Division 3– Rules chair all inform us that there amendment could in no way ever cor- A in 1989. I am very proud that a mem- will be a stall in that reform. I think rect all the drastic problems with the ber of my staff, Jeff Jones, started as that is a very sad day. legislation, it does provide a mecha- the middle-linebacker on that first I wrote the code of ethics under nism to protect the innocent property championship team. which 18 Members of this House have H 14878 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 been disciplined, and at that time, at Any guesses on who said this? It was tee on National Security, Committee the request of people of the highest in- Governor Bill Weld in a on Resources, and the Committee on tegrity, we made an exception for book Wall Street Journal article from Mon- Transportation and Infrastructure. royalties because we wanted to make day. Mr. Speaker, it is my understanding room for legitimate exchange of ideas, Here’s quote from another well- that the minority has been consulted and we had in mind books by people known Governor: ‘‘Medicaid mandates and that there is no objection to these such as Mo Udall, Dick Bolling, and have put great stress on State budgets requests. John Anderson. But we never dreamed and undermined the States’ ability to The SPEAKER pro tempore. (Mr. that that exception would be used by properly fund education and other im- INGLIS of South Carolina). Is there ob- any Member to cash in big on his pub- portant services.’’ jection to the request of the gentleman lic fame. Any guesses on this one? Well, this from Florida [Mr. GOSS]? The Speaker’s book deal has done quote is from a document coauthored There was no objection. such incredible damage to the public by Governor Bill Clinton in 1989. f confidence in this House by making it As Governor, Bill Clinton warned appear that all of us are money grub- that Medicaid mandates were too bur- ANNOUNCEMENT OF INTENTION TO bers, that that rule must be changed to densome and in need of more State- OFFER RESOLUTION RAISING eliminate it, and it must be changed level control. QUESTION OF PRIVILEGES OF now. Now, as President, Mr. Clinton has THE HOUSE f the opportunity to take care of that Mr. BRYANT of Texas. Mr. Speaker, problem, but he has changed his posi- I rise to announce to the House that NO BUDGET, NO CONGRESSIONAL tion, and he has vetoed a bill that PAY under rule IX, I plan to offer a privi- would have accomplished that. leged resolution and ask for its consid- (Mr. DURBIN asked and was given Mr. Speaker, I urge the President to eration to be scheduled within 2 days, permission to address the House for 1 join us in giving the States better con- as are required by the rules, as follows: minute and to revise and extend his re- trol over our Medicaid system. Whereas, on November 29, 1995, the House marks.) f of Representatives considered S. 1060, a bill Mr. DURBIN. Mr. Speaker, when the which had been passed by the Senate on July Republicans failed to pass the nec- WELFARE REFORM MUST NOT PUNISH CHILDREN 25, 1995 to provide for the disclosure of lobby- essary appropriations bills, they ing activities to influence the Federal Gov- precipitated a crisis last month which (Ms. WOOLSEY asked and was given ernment and for other purposes; led to the longest Government shut- permission to address the House for 1 Whereas, on such date the House passed down in our Nation’s history. The Gov- minute and to revise and extend her re- the bill without amount, the effect of which ernment shutdown cost American tax- marks.) was an identical lobbying reform bill passed payers $100 million a day because Mr. Ms. WOOLSEY. Mr. Speaker, we have by both the House and the Senate; Whereas, as of December 14, 1995, the bill GINGRICH and the Republican leaders heard a great deal of inside-the-belt- passed by both Chambers has not been en- failed to pass a spending bill to keep way talk during the welfare reform de- rolled by the Senate and presented to the the Government open. That sort of bate about family caps, block grants, President in violation of constitutional re- tragedy should not be repeated, and and maintenance of effort. quirements to so present; yet, tomorrow, it may be. But I tell you, my friends, we have Whereas, an unreasonable delay in the We now have another threat from the not heard much about the children. Let presentation of an enrolled bill to the Presi- Republican leadership to close down me lay out the facts plain and clear. dent affects the integrity of the proceedings the Government again, this time to By shredding the safety net—by end- of the House of Representatives: Therefore, be it send home some 300,000 Federal em- ing for the first time in 60 years the Resolved, That the Speaker of the House of ployees and once again leave the Amer- Federal guarantee of assistance for Representatives shall appoint a committee ican taxpayers holding the bag. poor children—The Gingrich welfare of two Members of the House, one from each Mr. GINGRICH insists that closing bill will push at least 1.2 million more major party, to determine whether there has down the Government and sending children into poverty, 1.2 million more been unreasonable delay in transmitting the home these employees is a matter of children into poverty. enrolled bill, S. 1060, to the President, and principle. Let me suggest something to The bill tells children: If you’re poor, such committee shall promptly inform the the Speaker. It is a matter of principle don’t get sick; don’t get hungry; don’t Senate of the concern of the House of Rep- resentatives over the delay in the bill’s pres- if your paycheck is on the line, not if get cold because we don’t think you’re entation to the President. the paychecks of 300,000 Federal em- important. And, we don’t want to guar- ployees are on the line. antee that you have health care; food, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under rule IX, a resolution offered from the Mr. GINGRICH, you can put your pay- and general assistance. check on the line by supporting my Mr. Speaker, welfare reform is not floor by a Member other than the ma- bill: No budget, no pay. If Congress supposed to be about punishing poor jority leader or the minority leader as fails to keep the Government open, children. a question of the privileges of the Congress does not get paid. It should be about improving their House has immediate precedence only at a time or place designated by the Mr. GINGRICH has killed this bill five lives by giving their parents the edu- times. We have to push forward to cation, job training, and child care Speaker in the legislative schedule make sure that Congress does the re- needed to get a job and get off welfare within 2 legislative days of its being sponsible thing. permanently. properly noticed. The Chair will an- nounce the Speaker’s designation at a f f later time. In the meantime, a form of STATES NEED BETTER CONTROL PERMISSION FOR SUNDRY COM- the resolution proffered by the gen- OVER MEDICAID MITTEES AND THEIR SUB- tleman from Texas will appear in the (Mr. EHLERS asked and was given COMMITTEES TO SIT TODAY RECORD at this point. permission to address the House for 1 DURING THE 5-MINUTE RULE The Chair is not making a deter- minute and to revise and extend his re- Mr. GOSS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani- mination as to whether the resolution marks.) mous consent that the following com- constitutes a question of privilege. Mr. EHLERS. Mr. Speaker, this is mittees and their subcommittees be That determination will be made at the what a prominent Governor has to say permitted to sit today while the House time designated by the Speaker for about reforming Medicaid: ‘‘If the Fed- is meeting in the Committee of the consideration of the resolution. eral Government would just release us Whole House under the 5-minute rule: PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY from its bureaucracy and nonsense, Committee on Agriculture, Committee Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Par- we’d make these programs better for on Government Reform and Oversight, liamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker. those they serve, and we’d do it for less Committee on International Relations, The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- money.’’ Committee on the Judiciary, Commit- tleman will state it. December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14879 Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. may consume. During consideration of Resolution 293 is a closed rule. How- Speaker, my question would be as to this resolution, all time yielded is for ever, since the time that the House the point you just made, as to whether the purpose of debate only. first considered this bill, the Treasury or not this would be recognized as a le- (Mr. GOSS asked and was given per- Secretary has in fact borrowed from gitimate question of privilege, would mission to revise and extend his re- the trust funds. This rule therefore in- the fact that a virtually identical reso- marks and include extraneous mate- corporates an amendment offered by lution under identical circumstances rial.) the chairman of the Ways and Means offered by then-minority whip GING- Mr. GOSS. Mr. Speaker, House Reso- Committee, Mr. ARCHER, to restore RICH in 1991, that that was ruled to be lution 293 provides for the consider- those trust funds to their full value. a question of privilege, would that be ation of H.R. 2621, a common sense This amendment will be adopted upon relevant to this decision? measure designed to ensure that the passage of the rule. The rule provides The SPEAKER pro tempore. The promise made by this Government to for 1 hour of general debate equally di- Chair will consider that at the time the people who depend on Social Secu- vided and controlled by the chairman that the resolution is offered. rity and similar trust funds will be and ranking member of the Committee f kept. We have repeatedly promised on Ways and Means. In addition, the Americans that the money they pay rule provides for one motion to recom- ENFORCING THE PUBLIC DEBT into Government trust funds is being mit. LIMIT AND PROTECTING SOCIAL kept in trust for them, safe from being SECURITY TRUST FUND AND raided for short term fiscal and politi- Mr. Speaker, during our Rules Com- OTHER FEDERAL TRUST FUNDS cal emergencies. And the majority mittee hearing on this bill last week, party in Congress intends to keep that the ranking member of the Ways and Mr. GOSS. Mr. Speaker, by direction Means Committee, Mr. GIBBONS, sug- of the Committee on Rules, I call up promise even if the Clinton administra- tion doesn’t. This bill is necessary now gested that passing H.R. 2621 is a waste House Resolution 293 and ask for its of time since the President is surely immediate consideration. because the Clinton administration— particularly the Treasury Secretary— going to veto it. I am extremely puz- The Clerk read the resolution, as fol- zled and, frankly, quite dismayed to lows: has violated that trust in recent weeks by dipping into these reserve accounts hear that this President would veto a H. RES. 293 in order to extend the Nation’s credit measure designed to ensure the sol- Resolved, That upon the adoption of this and wiggle out of a commitment to put vency and integrity of the Government resolution it shall be in order to consider in trust funds, including the Social Secu- the House the bill (H.R. 2621) to enforce the this Nation on a 7-year glide path to- ward a balanced budget. The new con- rity trust fund. Is President Clinton public debt limit and to protect the Social really in favor of raiding the Social Se- Security trust funds and other Federal trust gressional majority has told the ad- funds and accounts invested in public debt ministration that we will not grant an curity trust fund? If in fact the Presi- obligations. The amendment printed in the extension of our national debt—which dent has made this ill-advised decision, report of the Committee on Rules accom- now stands at nearly $5 trillion—until I hope he will reconsider. If he doesn’t, panying this resolution shall be considered we have in place a plan to balance the I hope America is listening. Those as adopted. The bill, as amended, shall be de- budget. It would be irresponsible and trust funds are based upon the trust of batable for one hour equally divided and con- the people who have paid into them in trolled by the chairman and ranking minor- immoral of us to keep writing uncov- ered checks from our children’s ac- good faith. They expect us to ensure ity member of the Committee on Ways and that their money is being held safely Means. The previous question shall be con- counts without such a plan in place. sidered as ordered on the bill, as amended, to But fulfilling this commitment means by the Federal Government. Those final passage without intervening motion ex- making sure the administration can’t funds are not designed to bail out the cept one motion to recommit. stretch the rules and raid the trust overspending of the Clinton adminis- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- funds to keep the red ink flowing. And tration nor are they to assist this ad- tleman from Florida [Mr. GOSS] is rec- so, on November 14 of this year, the ministration in its effort to avoid ognized for 1 hour. House passed H.R. 2621 under suspen- agreeing to a balanced budget in 7 Mr. GOSS. Mr. Speaker, for the pur- sion of the rules. Although the bill re- years. I know the President has pre- poses of debate only, I yield the cus- ceived a majority of the votes that viously said that preserving Social Se- tomary 30 minutes to the distinguished day—247 ayes to 179 nays—it fell short curity is a priority for his administra- gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. of gaining the necessary two-thirds tion. He can live up to that rhetoric by MOAKLEY], the ranking member of the needed to pass under suspension. joining us in this effort to enforce the Committee on Rules and the former That’s why the Rules Committee was public debt ceiling while protecting the chairman, and my good friend and dis- asked to grant this rule. As is cus- trust funds. tinguished Member of this body, pend- tomary for legislation stemming from Mr. GOSS. Mr. Speaker, I include the ing which I yield myself such time as I the Ways and Means Committee, House following material for the RECORD. THE AMENDMENT PROCESS UNDER SPECIAL RULES REPORTED BY THE RULES COMMITTEE,1 103D CONGRESS V. 104TH CONGRESS [As of December 7, 1995]

103d Congress 104th Congress Rule type Number of rules Percent of total Number of rules Percent of total

Open/Modified-open 2 ...... 46 44 56 65 Modified Closed 3 ...... 49 47 20 23 Closed 4 ...... 9 9 10 12 Total ...... 104 100 86 100 1 This table applies only to rules which provide for the original consideration of bills, joint resolutions or budget resolutions and which provide for an amendment process. It does not apply to special rules which only waive points of order against appropriations bills which are already privileged and are considered under an open amendment process under House rules. 2 An open rule is one under which any Member may offer a germane amendment under the five-minute rule. A modified open rule is one under which any Member may offer a germane amendment under the five-minute rule subject only to an overall time limit on the amendment process and/or a requirement that the amendment be preprinted in the Congressional Record. 3 A modified closed rule is one under which the Rules Committee limits the amendments that may be offered only to those amendments designated in the special rule or the Rules Committee report to accompany it, or which preclude amendments to a particular portion of a bill, even though the rest of the bill may be completely open to amendment. 4 A closed rule is one under which no amendments may be offered (other than amendments recommended by the committee in reporting the bill).

SPECIAL RULES REPORTED BY THE RULES COMMITTEE, 104TH CONGRESS [As of December 7, 1995]

H. Res. No. (Date rept.) Rule type Bill No. Subject Disposition of rule

H. Res. 38 (1/18/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 5 ...... Unfunded Mandate Reform ...... A: 350–71 (1/19/95). H. Res. 44 (1/24/95) ...... MC ...... H. Con. Res. 17 ...... Social Security ...... A: 255–172 (1/25/95). H.J. Res. 1 ...... Balanced Budget Amdt ...... H. Res. 51 (1/31/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 101 ...... Land Transfer, Taos Pueblo Indians ...... A: voice vote (2/1/95). H. Res. 52 (1/31/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 400 ...... Land Exchange, Arctic Nat’l. Park and Preserve ...... A: voice vote (2/1/95). H 14880 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 SPECIAL RULES REPORTED BY THE RULES COMMITTEE, 104TH CONGRESS—Continued [As of December 7, 1995]

H. Res. No. (Date rept.) Rule type Bill No. Subject Disposition of rule

H. Res. 53 (1/31/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 440 ...... Land Conveyance, Butte County, Calif ...... A: voice vote (2/1/95). H. Res. 55 (2/1/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 2 ...... Line Item Veto ...... A: voice vote (2/2/95). H. Res. 60 (2/6/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 665 ...... Victim Restitution ...... A: voice vote (2/7/95). H. Res. 61 (2/6/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 666 ...... Exclusionary Rule Reform ...... A: voice vote (2/7/95). H. Res. 63 (2/8/95) ...... MO ...... H.R. 667 ...... Violent Criminal Incarceration ...... A: voice vote (2/9/95). H. Res. 69 (2/9/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 668 ...... Criminal Alien Deportation ...... A: voice vote (2/10/95). H. Res. 79 (2/10/95) ...... MO ...... H.R. 728 ...... Law Enforcement Block Grants ...... A: voice vote (2/13/95). H. Res. 83 (2/13/95) ...... MO ...... H.R. 7 ...... National Security Revitalization ...... PQ: 229–100; A: 227–127 (2/15/95). H. Res. 88 (2/16/95) ...... MC ...... H.R. 831 ...... Health Insurance Deductibility ...... PQ: 230–191; A: 229–188 (2/21/95). H. Res. 91 (2/21/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 830 ...... Paperwork Reduction Act ...... A: voice vote (2/22/95). H. Res. 92 (2/21/95) ...... MC ...... H.R. 889 ...... Defense Supplemental ...... A: 282–144 (2/22/95). H. Res. 93 (2/22/95) ...... MO ...... H.R. 450 ...... Regulatory Transition Act ...... A: 252–175 (2/23/95). H. Res. 96 (2/24/95) ...... MO ...... H.R. 1022 ...... Risk Assessment ...... A: 253–165 (2/27/95). H. Res. 100 (2/27/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 926 ...... Regulatory Reform and Relief Act ...... A: voice vote (2/28/95). H. Res. 101 (2/28/95) ...... MO ...... H.R. 925 ...... Private Property Protection Act ...... A: 271–151 (3/2/95). H. Res. 103 (3/3/95) ...... MO ...... H.R. 1058 ...... Securities Litigation Reform ...... H. Res. 104 (3/3/95) ...... MO ...... H.R. 988 ...... Attorney Accountability Act ...... A: voice vote (3/6/95). H. Res. 105 (3/6/95) ...... MO ...... A: 257–155 (3/7/95). H. Res. 108 (3/7/95) ...... Debate ...... H.R. 956 ...... Product Liability Reform ...... A: voice vote (3/8/95). H. Res. 109 (3/8/95) ...... MC ...... PQ: 234–191 A: 247–181 (3/9/95). H. Res. 115 (3/14/95) ...... MO ...... H.R. 1159 ...... Making Emergency Supp. Approps ...... A: 242–190 (3/15/95). H. Res. 116 (3/15/95) ...... MC ...... H.J. Res. 73 ...... Term Limits Const. Amdt ...... A: voice vote (3/28/95). H. Res. 117 (3/16/95) ...... Debate ...... H.R. 4 ...... Personal Responsibility Act of 1995 ...... A: voice vote (3/21/95). H. Res. 119 (3/21/95) ...... MC ...... A: 217–211 (3/22/95). H. Res. 125 (4/3/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1271 ...... Family Privacy Protection Act ...... A: 423–1 (4/4/95). H. Res. 126 (4/3/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 660 ...... Older Persons Housing Act ...... A: voice vote (4/6/95). H. Res. 128 (4/4/95) ...... MC ...... H.R. 1215 ...... Contract With America Tax Relief Act of 1995 ...... A: 228–204 (4/5/95). H. Res. 130 (4/5/95) ...... MC ...... H.R. 483 ...... Medicare Select Expansion ...... A: 253–172 (4/6/95). H. Res. 136 (5/1/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 655 ...... Hydrogen Future Act of 1995 ...... A: voice vote (5/2/95). H. Res. 139 (5/3/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1361 ...... Coast Guard Auth. FY 1996 ...... A: voice vote (5/9/95). H. Res. 140 (5/9/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 961 ...... Clean Water Amendments ...... A: 414–4 (5/10/95). H. Res. 144 (5/11/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 535 ...... Fish Hatchery—Arkansas ...... A: voice vote (5/15/95). H. Res. 145 (5/11/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 584 ...... Fish Hatchery—Iowa ...... A: voice vote (5/15/95). H. Res. 146 (5/11/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 614 ...... Fish Hatchery— ...... A: voice vote (5/15/95). H. Res. 149 (5/16/95) ...... MC ...... H. Con. Res. 67 ...... Budget Resolution FY 1996 ...... PQ: 252–170 A: 255–168 (5/17/95). H. Res. 155 (5/22/95) ...... MO ...... H.R. 1561 ...... American Overseas Interests Act ...... A: 233–176 (5/23/95). H. Res. 164 (6/8/95) ...... MC ...... H.R. 1530 ...... Nat. Defense Auth. FY 1996 ...... PQ: 225–191 A: 233–183 (6/13/95). H. Res. 167 (6/15/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1817 ...... MilCon Appropriations FY 1996 ...... PQ: 223–180 A: 245–155 (6/16/95). H. Res. 169 (6/19/95) ...... MC ...... H.R. 1854 ...... Leg. Branch Approps. FY 1996 ...... PQ: 232–196 A: 236–191 (6/20/95). H. Res. 170 (6/20/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1868 ...... For. Ops. Approps. FY 1996 ...... PQ: 221–178 A: 217–175 (6/22/95). H. Res. 171 (6/22/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1905 ...... Energy & Water Approps. FY 1996 ...... A: voice vote (7/12/95). H. Res. 173 (6/27/95) ...... C ...... H.J. Res. 79 ...... Flag Constitutional Amendment ...... PQ: 258–170 A: 271–152 (6/28/95). H. Res. 176 (6/28/95) ...... MC ...... H.R. 1944 ...... Emer. Supp. Approps ...... PQ: 236–194 A: 234–192 (6/29/95). H. Res. 185 (7/11/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1977 ...... Interior Approps. FY 1996 ...... PQ: 235–193 D: 192–238 (7/12/95). H. Res. 187 (7/12/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1977 ...... Interior Approps. FY 1996 #2 ...... PQ: 230–194 A: 229–195 (7/13/95). H. Res. 188 (7/12/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1976 ...... Agriculture Approps. FY 1996 ...... PQ: 242–185 A: voice vote (7/18/95). H. Res. 190 (7/17/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 2020 ...... Treasury/Postal Approps. FY 1996 ...... PQ: 232–192 A: voice vote (7/18/95). H. Res. 193 (7/19/95) ...... C ...... H.J. Res. 96 ...... Disapproval of MFN to China ...... A: voice vote (7/20/95). H. Res. 194 (7/19/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 2002 ...... Transportation Approps. FY 1996 ...... PQ: 217–202 (7/21/95). H. Res. 197 (7/21/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 70 ...... Exports of Alaskan Crude Oil ...... A: voice vote (7/24/95). H. Res. 198 (7/21/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 2076 ...... Commerce, State Approps. FY 1996 ...... A: voice vote (7/25/95). H. Res. 201 (7/25/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 2099 ...... VA/HUD Approps. FY 1996 ...... A: 230–189 (7/25/95). H. Res. 204 (7/28/95) ...... MC ...... S. 21 ...... Terminating U.S. Arms Embargo on Bosnia ...... A: voice vote (8/1/95). H. Res. 205 (7/28/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 2126 ...... Defense Approps. FY 1996 ...... A: 409–1 (7/31/95). H. Res. 207 (8/1/95) ...... MC ...... H.R. 1555 ...... Communications Act of 1995 ...... A: 255–156 (8/2/95). H. Res. 208 (8/1/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 2127 ...... Labor, HHS Approps. FY 1996 ...... A: 323–104 (8/2/95). H. Res. 215 (9/7/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1594 ...... Economically Targeted Investments ...... A: voice vote (9/12/95). H. Res. 216 (9/7/95) ...... MO ...... H.R. 1655 ...... Intelligence Authorization FY 1996 ...... A: voice vote (9/12/95). H. Res. 218 (9/12/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1162 ...... Deficit Reduction Lockbox ...... A: voice vote (9/13/95). H. Res. 219 (9/12/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1670 ...... Federal Acquisition Reform Act ...... A: 414–0 (9/13/95). H. Res. 222 (9/18/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1617 ...... CAREERS Act ...... A: 388–2 (9/19/95). H. Res. 224 (9/19/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 2274 ...... Natl. Highway System ...... PQ: 241–173 A: 375–39–1 (9/20/95). H. Res. 225 (9/19/95) ...... MC ...... H.R. 927 ...... Cuban Liberty & Dem. Solidarity ...... A: 304–118 (9/20/95). H. Res. 226 (9/21/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 743 ...... Team Act ...... A: 344–66–1 (9/27/95). H. Res. 227 (9/21/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1170 ...... 3-Judge Court ...... A: voice vote (9/28/95). H. Res. 228 (9/21/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1601 ...... Internatl. Space Station ...... A: voice vote (9/27/95). H. Res. 230 (9/27/95) ...... C ...... H.J. Res. 108 ...... Continuing Resolution FY 1996 ...... A: voice vote (9/28/95). H. Res. 234 (9/29/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 2405 ...... Omnibus Science Auth ...... A: voice vote (10/11/95). H. Res. 237 (10/17/95) ...... MC ...... H.R. 2259 ...... Disapprove Sentencing Guidelines ...... A: voice vote (10/18/95). H. Res. 238 (10/18/95) ...... MC ...... H.R. 2425 ...... Medicare Preservation Act ...... PQ: 231–194 A: 227–192 (10/19/95). H. Res. 239 (10/19/95) ...... C ...... H.R. 2492 ...... Leg. Branch Approps ...... PQ: 235–184 A: voice vote (10/31/95). H. Res. 245 (10/25/95) ...... MC ...... H. Con. Res. 109 ...... Social Security Earnings Reform ...... PQ: 228–191 A: 235–185 (10/26/95). H.R. 2491 ...... Seven-Year Balanced Budget ...... H. Res. 251 (10/31/95) ...... C ...... H.R. 1833 ...... Partial Birth Abortion Ban ...... A: 237–190 (11/1/95). H. Res. 252 (10/31/95) ...... MO ...... H.R. 2546 ...... D.C. Approps...... A: 241–181 (11/1/95). H. Res. 257 (11/7/95) ...... C ...... H.J. Res. 115 ...... Cont. Res. FY 1996 ...... A: 216–210 (11/8/95). H. Res. 258 (11/8/95) ...... MC ...... H.R. 2586 ...... Debt Limit ...... A: 220–200 (11/10/95). H. Res. 259 (11/9/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 2539 ...... ICC Termination Act ...... A: voice vote (11/14/95). H. Res. 261 (11/9/95) ...... C ...... H.J. Res. 115 ...... Cont. Resolution ...... A: 223–182 (11/10/95). H. Res. 262 (11/9/95) ...... C ...... H.R. 2586 ...... Increase Debt Limit ...... A: 220–185 (11/10/95). H. Res. 269 (11/15/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 2564 ...... Lobbying Reform ...... A: voice vote (11/16/95). H. Res. 270 (11/15/95) ...... C ...... H.J. Res. 122 ...... Further Cont. Resolution ...... A: 229–176 (11/15/95). H. Res. 273 (11/16/95) ...... MC ...... H.R. 2606 ...... Prohibition on Funds for Bosnia ...... A: 239–181 (11/17/95). H. Res. 284 (11/29/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1788 ...... Amtrak Reform ...... A: voice vote (11/30/95). H. Res. 287 (11/30/95) ...... O ...... H.R. 1350 ...... Maritime Security Act ...... A: voice vote (12/6/95) H. Res. 293 (12/7/95) ...... C ...... H.R. 2621 ...... Protect Federal Trust Funds ...... Codes: O-open rule; MO-modified open rule; MC-modified closed rule; C-closed rule; A-adoption vote; D-defeated; PQ-previous question vote. Source: Notices of Action Taken, Committee on Rules, 104th Congress.

b 1045 I am opposed to this bill. If this horrible bill passes, our pay- Mr. GOSS. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the I am opposed to this closed rule, and ments to our creditors will stop imme- balance of my time. I urge my colleagues to defeat the pre- diately and it will be much harder for the United States to borrow money in Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield vious question. the future. We will have to pay ex- myself such time as I may consume. Mr. Speaker, there is one reason why this country is about to default on its tremely high interest rates and the (Mr. MOAKLEY asked and was given American taxpayers will pay for it. permission to revise and extend his re- loans for the first time in history—be- marks and include extraneous mate- cause my Republican colleagues will This bill will force this country to rial.) not pass a clean debt limit extension. default on its loans and that will hurt Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, this Plain and simple. a lot of people. bill is an outrage. It is dangerous, it is Now I wish we did not have to raise People with pension plans will be irresponsible, it plays politics with the the debt limit—but I also recognize hurt; people will adjustable rates mort- American people, and is wrong. that it is something we must do. gages will be hurt; people with payroll December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14881 deduction plans will be hurt; and peo- There is no reason for my Republican politics with other budget issues. It ple who served in the military will be colleagues to play these games. All we holds the American people and the hurt. need to do to prevent default is pass a credit of this country hostage and it is Mr. Speaker, this debt limit exten- simple debt ceiling bill. It is not that wrong. sion should be above politics—it is a hard. Congress has done it 33 times be- very serious issue and has no place tween 1980 and 1995. Mr. Speaker, this bill is dangerous, whatsoever being used as a political But, instead of acting responsibly this closed rule is unfair, and I urge my football. and passing a simple debt ceiling in- colleagues to defeat the previous ques- Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to crease, my Republican colleagues are tion. defeat the previous question to provide offering a bill that takes away the The fiscal integrity of the United for short-term increase in the Federal Treasury Department’s ability to deal States is much too important to be debt of $85 billion. Secretary Rubin re- with the debt ceiling crisis. All for the sacrificed on the altar of partisanship. quested this amount in a letter to sake of politics. Speaker GINGRICH on October 27 of this My Republican colleagues are using Mr. Speaker, I include the following year and we should grant it. the debt ceiling bill as a way to play material for the RECORD: FLOOR PROCEDURE IN THE 104TH CONGRESS; COMPILED BY THE RULES COMMITTEE DEMOCRATS

Amendments Bill No. Title Resolution No. Process used for floor consideration in order

H.R. 1* ...... Compliance ...... H. Res. 6 Closed ...... None. H. Res. 6 ...... Opening Day Rules Package ...... H. Res. 5 Closed; contained a closed rule on H.R. 1 within the closed rule ...... None. H.R. 5* ...... Unfunded Mandates ...... H. Res. 38 Restrictive; Motion adopted over Democratic objection in the Committee of the Whole to N/A. limit debate on section 4; Pre-printing gets preference. H.J. Res. 2* ...... Balanced Budget ...... H. Res. 44 Restrictive; only certain substitutes ...... 2R; 4D. H. Res. 43 ...... Committee Hearings Scheduling ...... H. Res. 43 (OJ) Restrictive; considered in House no amendments ...... N/A. H.R. 2* ...... Line Item Veto ...... H. Res. 55 Open; Pre-printing gets preference ...... N/A. H.R. 665* ...... Victim Restitution Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 61 Open; Pre-printing gets preference ...... N/A. H.R. 666* ...... Exclusionary Rule Reform Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 60 Open; Pre-printing gets preference ...... N/A. H.R. 667* ...... Violent Criminal Incarceration Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 63 Restrictive; 10 hr. Time Cap on amendments ...... N/A. H.R. 668* ...... The Criminal Alien Deportation Improvement Act ...... H. Res. 69 Open; Pre-printing gets preference; Contains self-executing provision ...... N/A. H.R. 728* ...... Local Government Law Enforcement Block Grants ...... H. Res. 79 Restrictive; 10 hr. Time Cap on amendments; Pre-printing gets preference ...... N/A. H.R. 7* ...... National Security Revitalization Act ...... H. Res. 83 Restrictive; 10 hr. Time Cap on amendments; Pre-printing gets preference ...... N/A. H.R. 729* ...... Death Penalty/Habeas ...... N/A Restrictive; brought up under UC with a 6 hr. time cap on amendments ...... N/A. S. 2 ...... Senate Compliance ...... N/A Closed; Put on Suspension Calendar over Democratic objection ...... None. H.R. 831 ...... To Permanently Extend the Health Insurance Deduction for the Self- H. Res. 88 Restrictive; makes in order only the Gibbons amendment; Waives all points of order; Con- 1D. Employed. tains self-executing provision. H.R. 830* ...... The Paperwork Reduction Act ...... H. Res. 91 Open ...... N/A. H.R. 889 ...... Emergency Supplemental/Rescinding Certain Budget Authority ...... H. Res. 92 Restrictive; makes in order only the Obey substitute ...... 1D. H.R. 450* ...... Regulatory Moratorium ...... H. Res. 93 Restrictive; 10 hr. Time Cap on amendments; Pre-printing gets preference ...... N/A. H.R. 1022* ...... Risk Assessment ...... H. Res. 96 Restrictive; 10 hr. Time Cap on amendments ...... N/A. H.R. 926* ...... Regulatory Flexibility ...... H. Res. 100 Open ...... N/A. H.R. 925* ...... Private Property Protection Act ...... H. Res. 101 Restrictive; 12 hr. time cap on amendments; Requires Members to pre-print their amend- 1D. ments in the Record prior to the bill’s consideration for amendment, waives germaneness and budget act points of order as well as points of order concerning appropriating on a legislative bill against the committee substitute used as base text. H.R. 1058* ...... Securities Litigation Reform Act ...... H. Res. 105 Restrictive; 8 hr. time cap on amendments; Pre-printing gets preference; Makes in order the 1D. Wyden amendment and waives germaneness against it. H.R. 988* ...... The Attorney Accountability Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 104 Restrictive; 7 hr. time cap on amendments; Pre-printing gets preference ...... N/A. H.R. 956* ...... Product Liability and Legal Reform Act ...... H. Res. 109 Restrictive; makes in order only 15 germane amendments and denies 64 germane amend- 8D; 7R. ments from being considered. H.R. 1158 ...... Making Emergency Supplemental Appropriations and Rescissions ...... H. Res. 115 Restrictive; Combines emergency H.R. 1158 & nonemergency 1159 and strikes the abortion N/A. provision; makes in order only pre-printed amendments that include offsets within the same chapter (deeper cuts in programs already cut); waives points of order against three amendments; waives cl 2 of rule XXI against the bill, cl 2, XXI and cl 7 of rule XVI against the substitute; waives cl 2(e) od rule XXI against the amendments in the Record; 10 hr time cap on amendments. 30 minutes debate on each amendment. H.J. Res. 73* ...... Term Limits ...... H. Res. 116 Restrictive; Makes in order only 4 amendments considered under a ‘‘Queen of ’’ pro- 1D; 3R. cedure and denies 21 germane amendments from being considered. H.R. 4* ...... Welfare Reform ...... H. Res. 119 Restrictive; Makes in order only 31 perfecting amendments and two substitutes; Denies 130 5D; 26R. germane amendments from being considered; The substitutes are to be considered under a ‘‘Queen of the Hill’’ procedure; All points of order are waived against the amendments. H.R. 1271* ...... Family Privacy Act ...... H. Res. 125 Open ...... N/A. H.R. 660* ...... Housing for Older Persons Act ...... H. Res. 126 Open ...... N/A. H.R. 1215* ...... The Contract With America Tax Relief Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 129 Restrictive; Self Executes language that makes tax cuts contingent on the adoption of a 1D. balanced budget plan and strikes section 3006. Makes in order only one substitute. Waives all points of order against the bill, substitute made in order as original text and Gephardt substitute. H.R. 483 ...... Medicare Select Extension ...... H. Res. 130 Restrictive; waives cl 2(1)(6) of rule XI against the bill; makes H.R. 1391 in order as origi- 1D. nal text; makes in order only the Dingell substitute; allows Commerce Committee to file a report on the bill at any time. H.R. 655 ...... Hydrogen Future Act ...... H. Res. 136 Open ...... N/A. H.R. 1361 ...... Coast Guard Authorization ...... H. Res. 139 Open; waives sections 302(f) and 308(a) of the Congressional Budget Act against the bill’s N/A. consideration and the committee substitute; waives cl 5(a) of rule XXI against the com- mittee substitute. H.R. 961 ...... Clean Water Act ...... H. Res. 140 Open; pre-printing gets preference; waives sections 302(f) and 602(b) of the Budget Act N/A. against the bill’s consideration; waives cl 7 of rule XVI, cl 5(a) of rule XXI and section 302(f) of the Budget Act against the committee substitute. Makes in order Shuster sub- stitute as first order of business. H.R. 535 ...... Corning National Fish Hatchery Conveyance Act ...... H. Res. 144 Open ...... N/A. H.R. 584 ...... Conveyance of the Fairport National Fish Hatchery to the State of H. Res. 145 Open ...... N/A. Iowa. H.R. 614 ...... Conveyance of the New London National Fish Hatchery Production Fa- H. Res. 146 Open ...... N/A. cility. H. Con. Res. 67 ...... Budget Resolution ...... H. Res. 149 Restrictive; Makes in order 4 substitutes under regular order; Gephardt, Neumann/Solomon, 3D; 1R. Payne/Owens, President’s Budget if printed in Record on 5/17/95; waives all points of order against substitutes and concurrent resolution; suspends application of Rule XLIX with respect to the resolution; self-executes Agriculture language. H.R. 1561 ...... American Overseas Interests Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 155 Restrictive; Requires amendments to be printed in the Record prior to their consideration; N/A. 10 hr. time cap; waives cl 2(1)(6) of rule XI against the bill’s consideration; Also waives sections 302(f), 303(a), 308(a) and 402(a) against the bill’s consideration and the com- mittee amendment in order as original text; waives cl 5(a) of rule XXI against the amendment; amendment consideration is closed at 2:30 p.m. on May 25, 1995. Self-exe- cutes provision which removes section 2210 from the bill. This was done at the request of the Budget Committee. H.R. 1530 ...... National Defense Authorization Act FY 1996 ...... H. Res. 164 Restrictive; Makes in order only the amendments printed in the report; waives all points of 36R; 18D; 2 order against the bill, substitute and amendments printed in the report. Gives the Chair- Bipartisan. man en bloc authority. Self-executes a provision which strikes section 807 of the bill; provides for an additional 30 min. of debate on Nunn-Lugar section; Allows Mr. Clinger to offer a modification of his amendment with the concurrence of Ms. Collins. H.R. 1817 ...... Military Construction Appropriations; FY 1996 ...... H. Res. 167 Open; waives cl. 2 and cl. 6 of rule XXI against the bill; 1 hr. general debate; Uses House N/A. passed budget numbers as threshold for spending amounts pending passage of Budget. H.R. 1854 ...... Legislative Branch Appropriations ...... H. Res. 169 Restrictive; Makes in order only 11 amendments; waives sections 302(f) and 308(a) of the 5R; 4D; 2 Budget Act against the bill and cl. 2 and cl. 6 of rule XXI against the bill. All points of Bipartisan. order are waived against the amendments. H 14882 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 FLOOR PROCEDURE IN THE 104TH CONGRESS; COMPILED BY THE RULES COMMITTEE DEMOCRATS—Continued

Amendments Bill No. Title Resolution No. Process used for floor consideration in order

H.R. 1868 ...... Foreign Operations Appropriations ...... H. Res. 170 Open; waives cl. 2, cl. 5(b), and cl. 6 of rule XXI against the bill; makes in order the Gil- N/A. man amendments as first order of business; waives all points of order against the amendments; if adopted they will be considered as original text; waives cl. 2 of rule XXI against the amendments printed in the report. Pre-printing gets priority (Hall) (Menendez) (Goss) (Smith, NJ). H.R. 1905 ...... Energy & Water Appropriations ...... H. Res. 171 Open; waives cl. 2 and cl. 6 of rule XXI against the bill; makes in order the Shuster N/A. amendment as the first order of business; waives all points of order against the amend- ment; if adopted it will be considered as original text. Pre-printing gets priority. H.J. Res. 79 ...... Constitutional Amendment to Permit Congress and States to Prohibit H. Res. 173 Closed; provides one hour of general debate and one motion to recommit with or without in- N/A. the Physical Desecration of the American Flag. structions; if there are instructions, the MO is debatable for 1 hr. H.R. 1944 ...... Recissions Bill ...... H. Res. 175 Restrictive; Provides for consideration of the bill in the House; Permits the Chairman of the N/A. Appropriations Committee to offer one amendment which is unamendable; waives all points of order against the amendment. H.R. 1868 (2nd rule) ...... Foreign Operations Appropriations ...... H. Res. 177 Restrictive; Provides for further consideration of the bill; makes in order only the four N/A. amendments printed in the rules report (20 min. each). Waives all points of order against the amendments; Prohibits intervening motions in the Committee of the Whole; Provides for an automatic rise and report following the disposition of the amendments. H.R. 1977 *Rule Defeated* Interior Appropriations ...... H. Res. 185 Open; waives sections 302(f) and 308(a) of the Budget Act and cl 2 and cl 6 of rule XXI; N/A. provides that the bill be read by title; waives all points of order against the Tauzin amendment; self-executes Budget Committee amendment; waives cl 2(e) of rule XXI against amendments to the bill; Pre-printing gets priority. H.R. 1977 ...... Interior Appropriations ...... H.Res. 187 Open; waives sections 302(f), 306 and 308(a) of the Budget Act; waives clauses 2 and 6 of N/A. rule XXI against provisions in the bill; waives all points of order against the Tauzin amendment; provides that the bill be read by title; self-executes Budget Committee amendment and makes NEA funding subject to House passed authorization; waives cl 2(e) of rule XXI against the amendments to the bill; Pre-printing gets priority. H.R. 1976 ...... Agriculture Appropriations ...... H. Res. 188 Open; waives clauses 2 and 6 of rule XXI against provisions in the bill; provides that the N/A. bill be read by title; Makes Skeen amendment first order of business, if adopted the amendment will be considered as base text (10 min.); Pre-printing gets priority. H.R. 1977 (3rd rule) ...... Interior Appropriations ...... H. Res. 189 Restrictive; provides for the further consideration of the bill; allows only amendments pre- N/A. printed before July 14th to be considered; limits motions to rise. H.R. 2020 ...... Treasury Postal Appropriations ...... H. Res. 190 Open; waives cl. 2 and cl. 6 of rule XXI against provisions in the bill; provides the bill be N/A. read by title; Pre-printing gets priority. H.J. Res. 96 ...... Disapproving MFN for China ...... H. Res. 193 Restrictive; provides for consideration in the House of H.R. 2058 (90 min.) And H.J. Res. 96 N/A. (1 hr). Waives certain provisions of the Trade Act. H.R. 2002 ...... Transportation Appropriations ...... H. Res. 194 Open; waives cl. 3 0f rule XIII and section 401 (a) of the CBA against consideration of the N/A. bill; waives cl. 6 and cl. 2 of rule XXI against provisions in the bill; Makes in order the Clinger/Solomon amendment waives all points of order against the amendment (Line Item Veto); provides the bill be read by title; Pre-printing gets priority. *RULE AMENDED*. H.R. 70 ...... Exports of Alaskan North Slope Oil ...... H. Res. 197 Open; Makes in order the Resources Committee amendment in the nature of a substitute as N/A. original text; Pre-printing gets priority; Provides a Senate hook-up with S. 395. H.R. 2076 ...... Commerce, Justice Appropriations ...... H. Res. 198 Open; waives cl. 2 and cl. 6 of rule XXI against provisions in the bill; Pre-printing gets pri- N/A. ority; provides the bill be read by title.. H.R. 2099 ...... VA/HUD Appropriations ...... H. Res. 201 Open; waives cl. 2 and cl. 6 of rule XXI against provisions in the bill; Provides that the N/A. amendment in part 1 of the report is the first business, if adopted it will be considered as base text (30 min.); waives all points of order against the Klug and Davis amend- ments; Pre-printing gets priority; Provides that the bill be read by title. S. 21 ...... Termination of U.S. Arms Embargo on Bosnia ...... H. Res. 204 Restrictive; 3 hours of general debate; Makes in order an amendment to be offered by the ID. Minority Leader or a designee (1 hr); If motion to recommit has instructions it can only be offered by the Minority Leader or a designee. H.R. 2126 ...... Defense Appropriations ...... H. Res. 205 Open; waives cl. 2(l)(6) of rule XI and section 306 of the Congressional Budget Act against N/A. consideration of the bill; waives cl. 2 and cl. 6 of rule XXI against provisions in the bill; self-executes a strike of sections 8021 and 8024 of the bill as requested by the Budget Committee; Pre-printing gets priority; Provides the bill be read by title. H.R. 1555 ...... Communications Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 207 Restrictive; waives sec. 302(f) of the Budget Act against consideration of the bill; Makes in 2R/3D/3 Bi- order the Commerce Committee amendment as original text and waives sec. 302(f) of partisan. the Budget Act and cl. 5(a) of rule XXI against the amendment; Makes in order the Bliely amendment (30 min.) as the first order of business, if adopted it will be original text; makes in order only the amendments printed in the report and waives all points of order against the amendments; provides a Senate hook-up with S. 652. H.R. 2127 ...... Labor/HHS Appropriations Act ...... H. Res. 208 Open; Provides that the first order of business will be the managers amendments (10 min.), N/A. if adopted they will be considered as base text; waives cl. 2 and cl. 6 of rule XXI against provisions in the bill; waives all points of order against certain amendments printed in the report; Pre-printing gets priority; Provides the bill be read by title. H.R. 1594 ...... Economically Targeted Investments ...... H. Res. 215 Open; 2 hr of gen. debate. makes in order the committee substitute as original text ...... N/A. H.R. 1655 ...... Intelligence Authorization ...... H. Res. 216 Restrictive; waives sections 302(f), 308(a) and 401(b) of the Budget Act. Makes in order N/A. the committee substitute as modified by Govt. Reform amend (striking sec. 505) and an amendment striking title VII. Cl 7 of rule XVI and cl 5(a) of rule XXI are waived against the substitute. Sections 302(f) and 401(b) of the CBA are also waived against the sub- stitute. Amendments must also be pre-printed in the Congressional record. H.R. 1162 ...... Deficit Reduction Lock Box ...... H. Res. 218 Open; waives cl 7 of rule XVI against the committee substitute made in order as original N/A. text; Pre-printing gets priority. H.R. 1670 ...... Federal Acquisition Reform Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 219 Open; waives sections 302(f) and 308(a) of the Budget Act against consideration of the N/A. bill; bill will be read by title; waives cl 5(a) of rule XXI and section 302(f) of the Budget Act against the committee substitute. Pre-printing gets priority. H.R. 1617 ...... To Consolidate and Reform Workforce Development and Literacy Pro- H. Res. 222 Open; waives section 302(f) and 401(b) of the Budget Act against the substitute made in N/A. grams Act (CAREERS). order as original text (H.R. 2332), cl. 5(a) of rule XXI is also waived against the sub- stitute. provides for consideration of the managers amendment (10 min.) If adopted, it is considered as base text. H.R. 2274 ...... National Highway System Designation Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 224 Open; waives section 302(f) of the Budget Act against consideration of the bill; Makes H.R. N/A. 2349 in order as original text; waives section 302(f) of the Budget Act against the sub- stitute; provides for the consideration of a managers amendment (10 min.) If adopted, it is considered as base text; Pre-printing gets priority. H.R. 927 ...... Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 225 Restrictive; waives cl 2(L)(2)(B) of rule XI against consideration of the bill; makes in order 2R/2D H.R. 2347 as base text; waives cl 7 of rule XVI against the substitute; Makes Hamilton amendment the first amendment to be considered (1 hr). Makes in order only amend- ments printed in the report. H.R. 743 ...... The Teamwork for Employees and managers Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 226 Open; waives cl 2(l)(2)(b) of rule XI against consideration of the bill; makes in order the N/A. committee amendment as original text; Pre-printing get priority. H.R. 1170 ...... 3-Judge Court for Certain Injunctions ...... H. Res. 227 Open; makes in order a committee amendment as original text; Pre-printing gets priority .... N/A. H.R. 1601 ...... International Space Station Authorization Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 228 Open; makes in order a committee amendment as original text; pre-printing gets priority .... N/A. H.J. Res. 108 ...... Making Continuing Appropriations for FY 1996 ...... H. Res. 230 Closed; Provides for the immediate consideration of the CR; one motion to recommit which ...... may have instructions only if offered by the Minority Leader or a designee. H.R. 2405 ...... Omnibus Civilian Science Authorization Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 234 Open; self-executes a provision striking section 304(b)(3) of the bill (Commerce Committee N/A. request); Pre-printing gets priority. H.R. 2259 ...... To Disapprove Certain Sentencing Guideline Amendments ...... H. Res. 237 Restrictive; waives cl 2(l)(2)(B) of rule XI against the bill’s consideration; makes in order 1D the text of the Senate bill S. 1254 as original text; Makes in order only a Conyers sub- stitute; provides a senate hook-up after adoption. H.R. 2425 ...... Medicare Preservation Act ...... H. Res. 238 Restrictive; waives all points of order against the bill’s consideration; makes in order the 1D text of H.R. 2485 as original text; waives all points of order against H.R. 2485; makes in order only an amendment offered by the Minority Leader or a designee; waives all points of order against the amendment; waives cl 5 of rule XXI (3⁄5 requirement on votes raising taxes). H.R. 2492 ...... Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill ...... H. Res. 239 Restrictive; provides for consideration of the bill in the House ...... N/A. H.R. 2491 ...... 7 Year Balanced Budget Reconciliation Social Security Earnings Test H. Res. 245 Restrictive; makes in order H.R. 2517 as original text; waives all pints of order against the 1D H. Con. Res. 109 ...... Reform. bill; Makes in order only H.R. 2530 as an amendment only if offered by the Minority Leader or a designee; waives all points of order against the amendment; waives cl 5 of rule XXI (3⁄5 requirement on votes raising taxes). H.R. 1833 ...... Partial Birth Abortion Ban Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 251 Closed ...... N/A. December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14883 FLOOR PROCEDURE IN THE 104TH CONGRESS; COMPILED BY THE RULES COMMITTEE DEMOCRATS—Continued

Amendments Bill No. Title Resolution No. Process used for floor consideration in order

H.R. 2546 ...... D.C. Appropriations FY 1996 ...... H. Res. 252 Restrictive; waives all points of order against the bill’s consideration; Makes in order the N/A. Walsh amendment as the first order of business (10 min.); if adopted it is considered as base text; waives cl 2 and 6 of rule XXI against the bill; makes in order the Bonilla, Gunderson and Hostettler amendments (30 min.); waives all points of order against the amendments; debate on any further amendments is limited to 30 min. each. H.J. Res. 115 ...... Further Continuing Appropriations for FY 1996 ...... H. Res. 257 Closed; Provides for the immediate consideration of the CR; one motion to recommit which N/A. may have instructions only if offered by the Minority Leader or a designee. H.R. 2586 ...... Temporary Increase in the Statutory Debt Limit ...... H. Res. 258 Restrictive; Provides for the immediate consideration of the CR; one motion to recommit 5R which may have instructions only if offered by the Minority Leader or a designee; self- executes 4 amendments in the rule; Solomon, Medicare Coverage of Certain Anti-Cancer Drug Treatments, Habeas Corpus Reform, Chrysler (MI); makes in order the Walker amend (40 min.) on regulatory reform. H.R. 2539 ...... ICC Termination ...... H. Res. 259 Open; waives section 302(f) and section 308(a) ...... H.J. Res. 115 ...... Further Continuing Appropriations for FY 1996 ...... H. Res. 261 Closed; provides for the immediate consideration of a motion by the Majority Leader or his N/A. designees to dispose of the Senate amendments (1hr). H.R. 2586 ...... Temporary Increase in the Statutory Limit on the Public Debt ...... H. Res. 262 Closed; provides for the immediate consideration of a motion by the Majority Leader or his N/A. designees to dispose of the Senate amendments (1hr). H. Res. 250 ...... House Gift Rule Reform ...... H. Res. 268 Closed; provides for consideration of the bill in the House; 30 min. of debate; makes in 2R order the Burton amendment and the Gingrich en bloc amendment (30 min. each); waives all points of order against the amendments; Gingrich is only in order if Burton fails or is not offered. H.R. 2564 ...... Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 269 Open; waives cl. 2(l)(6) of rule XI against the bill’s consideration; waives all points of order N/A. against the Istook and McIntosh amendments. H.R. 2606 ...... Prohibition on Funds for Bosnia Deployment ...... H. Res. 273 Restrictive; waives all points of order against the bill’s consideration; provides one motion N/A. to amend if offered by the Minority Leader or designee (1 hr non-amendable); motion to recommit which may have instructions only if offered by Minority Leader or his designee; if Minority Leader motion is not offered debate time will be extended by 1 hr. H.R. 1788 ...... Amtrak Reform and Privatization Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 289 Open; waives all points of order against the bill’s consideration; makes in order the Trans- N/A. portation substitute modified by the amend in the report; Bill read by title; waives all points of order against the substitute; makes in order a managers amend as the first order of business, if adopted it is considered base text (10 min.); waives all points of order against the amendment; Pre-printing gets priority. H.R. 1350 ...... Maritime Security Act of 1995 ...... H. Res. 287 Open; makes in order the committee substitute as original text; makes in order a managers N/A. amendment which if adopted is considered as original text (20 min.) unamendable; pre- printing gets priority. H.R. 2621 ...... To Protect Federal Trust Funds ...... H. Res. Closed; provides for the adoption of the Ways & Means amendment printed in the report. 1 N/A. hr. of general debate. * Contract Bills, 67% restrictive; 33% open. ** All legislation, 55% restrictive; 45% open. *** Restrictive rules are those which limit the number of amendments which can be offered, and include so called modified open and modified closed rules as well as completely closed rules and rules providing for consideration in the House as opposed to the Committee of the Whole. This definition of restrictive rule is taken from the Republican chart of resolutions reported from the Rules Committee in the 103rd Congress. **** Not included in this chart are three bills which should have been placed on the Suspension Calendar. H.R. 101, H.R. 400, H.R. 440.

Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield January 19. After that date, the debt Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I have 2 minutes to the gentleman from Mary- ceiling will revert to the current level. no further requests for time, and I land [Mr. CARDIN]. The extension will allow additional yield back the balance of my time. Mr. CARDIN. Mr. Speaker, I thank time for continued budget discussions Mr. GOSS. Mr. Speaker, I yield my- the gentleman for yielding me the between the administration and Con- self such time as I may consume. All I time. I just took this time because I gress. I ask that the amendment to the would simply say is that despite the think it is important to correct the rule be printed in the RECORD at this very important comments of the gen- record. point. tleman from Maryland, I would dis- Mr. Speaker, this bill does not pro- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. agree. That the most important threat tect the trust funds. We do not protect INGLIS of South Carolina). Is there ob- to our children and our Nation and our the trust funds by causing fiscal chaos jection to the request of the gentleman people on Social Security is in fact for this Nation. If we want to ensure from Massachusetts? that the national debt has gotten so far that our Social Security recipients re- There was no objection. out of control that the credit of our ceive their Social Security checks, we The text of the proposed amendment country indeed is in question. I would do not jeopardize the payment on our is as follows: suggest that the right vote is to get re- debt of this Nation. AMENDMENT MODIFYING THE TEXT OF H.R. sponsible now. This is not a question of If this bill were to pass, it would 2621, TO PROTECT FEDERAL TRUST FUNDS politics. This is a question of the well- cause an immediate default on the na- (CONSIDERED AS ADOPTED BY THE ADOPTION being of our people. ON THE RULE) tional debt. I do not think anybody Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance Strike section 2 of the bill and insert the of my time, and I move the previous wants to see that happen. Why are we following: not passing a clean debt extension? It question on the resolution. SEC. 2. CONFORMING AMENDMENT. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The has already been passed a couple of (a) IN GENERAL.—Subsections (j), (k), and times by this House. (l) of section 8348 of title 5, United States question is on ordering the previous This is not anything new. This debt Code, and subsections (g) and (h) of section question. limit has already been approved and 8438 of such title are hereby repealed. The question was taken; and the voted on by just about every Repub- (b) RETENTION OF AUTHORITY TO RESTORE Speaker pro tempore announced that lican in this House. But they are play- TRUST FUNDS WITH RESPECT TO ACTIONS the ayes appeared to have it. ing games with the ability of people to TAKEN BEFORE DATE OF ENACTMENT.— Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I object (1) IN GENERAL.—The repeals made by sub- to the vote on the ground that a receive their Social Security checks. section (a) shall not apply to the restoration I urge my colleagues to defeat the requirements imposed on the Secretary of quorum is not present and make the previous question so that we can get a the Treasury (or the Executive Director re- point of order that a quorum is not clean debt extension that will really ferred to in section 8438(g)(5) of title 5, Unit- present. protect our Social Security recipients. ed States Code) with respect to amounts at- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evi- Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield tributable to actions taken under subsection dently a quorum is not present. myself such time as I may consume. (j)(1) or (k) of section 8348, or section The Sergeant at Arms will notify ab- 8438(g)(1), of such title before the date of the Mr. Speaker, as I announced earlier, sent Members. enactment of this Act. The vote was taken by electronic de- if the previous question is defeated, I (2) RESTORATION REQUIREMENTS.—For pur- will offer an amendment to the rule poses of paragraph (1), the term ‘‘restoration vice, and there were—yeas 223, nays that includes a substitute for the debt requirements’’ means the requirements im- 183, not voting 26, as follows: management repeal bill offered by the posed by— [Roll No. 859] Republicans. (A) paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) of subsection YEAS—223 (j), and subsection (l)(1), of section 8348 of My substitute is a clean, short-term such title, and Allard Baker (LA) Bartlett debt extension of $85 billion. This (B) paragraphs (2), (3), (4), and (5) of sub- Archer Ballenger Barton Bachus Barr Bass amount will allow the orderly conduct section (g), and subsection (h)(1), of section Baker (CA) Barrett (NE) Bateman of the Nation’s financial affairs until 8438 of such title. H 14884 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 Bereuter Goss Norwood Johnson, E. B. Mollohan Serrano Everett King Riggs Bilirakis Graham Nussle Johnston Montgomery Skaggs Ewing Kingston Roberts Bliley Greenwood Oxley Kanjorski Moran Skelton Fawell Klug Rogers Blute Gunderson Packard Kaptur Murtha Slaughter Fields (TX) Knollenberg Rohrabacher Boehner Gutknecht Parker Kennedy (MA) Nadler Spratt Flanagan Kolbe Ros-Lehtinen Bonilla Hall (TX) Paxon Kennedy (RI) Neal Stark Foley LaHood Roth Bono Hancock Petri Kennelly Oberstar Stenholm Forbes Largent Roukema Brownback Hansen Porter Kildee Obey Stokes Fowler Latham Royce Bryant (TN) Hastert Portman Kleczka Olver Studds Fox LaTourette Salmon Bunn Hastings (WA) Pryce Klink Ortiz Stupak Franks (CT) Laughlin Sanford Bunning Hayes Quillen LaFalce Orton Tanner Franks (NJ) Lazio Saxton Burr Hayworth Quinn Lantos Owens Taylor (MS) Frelinghuysen Leach Scarborough Burton Hefley Radanovich Levin Pallone Tejeda Frisa Lewis (CA) Schaefer Buyer Heineman Ramstad Lewis (GA) Pastor Thompson Funderburk Lewis (KY) Schiff Callahan Herger Regula Lincoln Payne (NJ) Thornton Gallegly Lightfoot Seastrand Calvert Hilleary Riggs Lipinski Payne (VA) Thurman Ganske Linder Sensenbrenner Roberts Lofgren Pelosi Torres Shadegg Camp Hobson Gekas Livingston Rogers Lowey Peterson (FL) Torricelli Shaw Canady Hoekstra Gilchrest LoBiondo Rohrabacher Luther Peterson (MN) Towns Shays Castle Hoke Gillmor Longley Chabot Horn Ros-Lehtinen Maloney Pickett Velazquez Shuster Gilman Lucas Chambliss Hostettler Roth Manton Pomeroy Vento Skeen Goodlatte Manzullo Chenoweth Houghton Roukema Markey Poshard Visclosky Smith (MI) Goodling Martini Christensen Hunter Royce Martinez Rahall Volkmer Smith (TX) Goss McCollum Chrysler Hutchinson Salmon Mascara Rangel Ward Smith (WA) Graham McCrery Clinger Hyde Sanford Matsui Reed Waters Solomon Greenwood Coble Inglis Saxton McCarthy Richardson Watt (NC) McDade Souder Coburn Istook Schaefer McDermott Rivers Waxman Gunderson McHugh Spence Collins (GA) Johnson (CT) Schiff McHale Roemer Williams Gutknecht McIntosh Stearns Combest Johnson, Sam Seastrand McNulty Roybal-Allard Wilson Hall (TX) McKeon Stump Cooley Jones Sensenbrenner Meehan Rush Wise Hancock Metcalf Talent Cox Kasich Shadegg Meek Sabo Woolsey Hansen Meyers Tate Crapo Kelly Shaw Menendez Sanders Wyden Hastert Mica Tauzin Cremeans Kim Shays Miller (CA) Sawyer Wynn Hastings (WA) Miller (FL) Taylor (NC) Cubin King Shuster Minge Schroeder Yates Hayes Molinari Thomas Cunningham Kingston Skeen Mink Schumer Hayworth Moorhead Thornberry Davis Klug Smith (MI) Moakley Scott Hefley Morella Tiahrt Deal Knollenberg Smith (TX) Heineman Myers Torkildsen DeLay Kolbe Smith (WA) NOT VOTING—26 Herger Myrick Traficant Diaz-Balart LaHood Solomon Armey Ford Pombo Hilleary Nethercutt Upton Dickey Latham Souder Bilbray Gephardt Rose Hobson Neumann Vucanovich Doolittle LaTourette Spence Boehlert Geren Scarborough Hoekstra Ney Waldholtz Dornan Laughlin Stearns Brown (FL) Harman Sisisky Hoke Norwood Walker Dreier Lazio Stump Clay Largent Smith (NJ) Horn Nussle Walsh Duncan Leach Talent Crane McInnis Stockman Hostettler Oxley Wamp Dunn Lewis (CA) Tate DeFazio McKinney Tucker Houghton Packard Watts (OK) Ehlers Lewis (KY) Tauzin Dixon Mfume Young (AK) Hunter Parker Weldon (FL) Ehrlich Lightfoot Taylor (NC) Emerson Nethercutt Hutchinson Paxon Weldon (PA) English Linder Thomas Weller Mrs. SMITH of Washington and Mr. Hyde Petri Ensign Livingston Thornberry Inglis Porter White Everett LoBiondo Tiahrt ZELIFF changed their vote from ‘‘nay’’ Istook Portman Whitfield Ewing Longley Torkildsen to ‘‘yea.’’ Johnson (CT) Pryce Wicker Fawell Lucas Traficant Johnson, Sam Quillen Wolf Upton So the previous question was ordered. Young (FL) Fields (TX) Manzullo Jones Quinn Vucanovich The result of the vote was announced Zeliff Flanagan Martini Kasich Radanovich Waldholtz Zimmer Foley McCollum as above recorded. Kelly Ramstad Forbes Walker McCrery Kim Regula Fowler McDade Walsh Fox McHugh Wamp b 1115 Franks (CT) McIntosh Watts (OK) NOES—184 Franks (NJ) McKeon Weldon (FL) The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Abercrombie Dingell Kanjorski Frelinghuysen Metcalf Weldon (PA) question is on the resolution. Ackerman Doggett Kaptur Frisa Meyers Weller The question was taken; and the Andrews Dooley Kennedy (MA) White Funderburk Mica Speaker pro tempore (Mr. INGLIS of Baesler Doyle Kennedy (RI) Gallegly Miller (FL) Whitfield Barcia Durbin Kennelly Ganske Molinari Wicker South Carolina) announced that the Barrett (WI) Edwards Kildee Gekas Moorhead Wolf ayes appeared to have it. Becerra Engel Kleczka Gilchrest Morella Young (FL) Beilenson Eshoo Klink RECORDED VOTE Gillmor Myers Zeliff Bentsen Evans LaFalce Gilman Myrick Zimmer Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I de- Berman Farr Lantos Goodlatte Neumann mand a recorded vote. Bevill Fattah Levin Goodling Ney A recorded vote was ordered. Bonior Fazio Lewis (GA) Borski Fields (LA) Lincoln NAYS—183 The vote was taken by electronic de- Boucher Filner Lipinski vice, and there were—ayes 228, noes 184, Brewster Flake Lofgren Abercrombie Coleman Fields (LA) Browder Foglietta Lowey Ackerman Collins (IL) Filner not voting 20, as follows: Brown (CA) Frank (MA) Luther Andrews Collins (MI) Flake [Roll No. 860] Brown (FL) Frost Maloney Baesler Condit Foglietta Brown (OH) Furse Manton Baldacci Conyers Frank (MA) AYES—228 Bryant (TX) Gejdenson Markey Barcia Costello Frost Allard Brownback Combest Cardin Gephardt Martinez Barrett (WI) Coyne Furse Archer Bryant (TN) Cooley Chapman Gibbons Mascara Becerra Cramer Gejdenson Armey Bunn Cox Clayton Gonzalez Matsui Beilenson Danner Gibbons Bachus Bunning Crapo Clement Gordon McCarthy Bentsen de la Garza Gonzalez Baker (CA) Burr Cremeans Clyburn Green McDermott Berman DeLauro Gordon Baker (LA) Burton Cubin Coleman Gutierrez McHale Bevill Dellums Green Ballenger Buyer Cunningham Collins (IL) Hall (OH) McNulty Bishop Deutsch Gutierrez Barrett (NE) Callahan Davis Collins (MI) Hamilton Meehan Bonior Dicks Hall (OH) Bartlett Calvert Deal Condit Hastings (FL) Meek Borski Dingell Hamilton Barton Camp DeLay Conyers Hefner Menendez Boucher Doggett Hastings (FL) Bass Canady Diaz-Balart Costello Hilliard Miller (CA) Brewster Dooley Hefner Bateman Castle Dickey Coyne Hinchey Minge Browder Doyle Hilliard Bereuter Chabot Doolittle Cramer Holden Mink Brown (CA) Durbin Hinchey Bilbray Chambliss Dornan Danner Hoyer Moakley Brown (OH) Edwards Holden Bilirakis Chenoweth Dreier de la Garza Jackson-Lee Mollohan Bryant (TX) Engel Hoyer Bliley Christensen Duncan DeFazio (TX) Montgomery Cardin Eshoo Jackson-Lee Blute Chrysler Dunn DeLauro Jefferson Moran Chapman Evans (TX) Boehlert Clinger Ehlers Dellums Johnson (SD) Murtha Clayton Farr Jacobs Boehner Coble Ehrlich Deutsch Johnson, E. B. Nadler Clement Fattah Jefferson Bonilla Coburn English Dicks Johnston Neal Clyburn Fazio Johnson (SD) Bono Collins (GA) Ensign December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14885 Oberstar Roybal-Allard Thompson body if we fire our own employees just (B) refrain from the investment in public Obey Rush Thornton debt obligations of amounts in any Federal Olver Sabo Thurman before Christmastime for a reason that does not seem consistent with the val- fund, Ortiz Sanders Torres if a purpose of such action or inaction is to Orton Sawyer Torricelli ues—the family values and the integ- not increase the amount of outstanding pub- Owens Schroeder Towns rity—of this House. Pallone Schumer Velazquez lic debt obligations, and Pastor Scott Vento Mr. Speaker, I see the gentleman (2) no officer or employee of the United Payne (NJ) Serrano Visclosky from California [Mr. THOMAS] has risen, States may disinvest amounts in any Fed- Payne (VA) Sisisky Volkmer the chairman of the Committee on eral fund which are invested in public debt Pelosi Skaggs Ward House Oversight, and perhaps he would obligations if a purpose of the disinvestment Peterson (FL) Skelton Waters is to reduce the amount of outstanding pub- Peterson (MN) Slaughter Watt (NC) respond. Pickett Spratt Waxman Mr. THOMAS. Mr. Speaker, will the lic debt obligations. Pomeroy Stark Williams gentleman yield? (b) PROTECTION OF BENEFITS AND EXPENDI- TURES FOR ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES.— Poshard Stenholm Wilson Mr. MORAN. I yield to the gentleman Rahall Stokes Wise (1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding sub- Rangel Studds Woolsey from California. section (a), during any period for which cash Reed Stupak Wyden Mr. THOMAS. Mr. Speaker, I thank benefits or administrative expenses would Richardson Tanner Wynn the gentleman for yielding. not otherwise be payable from a covered ben- Rivers Taylor (MS) Yates Mr. Speaker, I would just say that efits fund by reason of an inability to issue Roemer Tejeda perhaps these kinds of discussions on further public debt obligations because of NOT VOTING—20 the floor, without having all of the the applicable public debt limit, public debt Baldacci Ford Pombo facts in front of us, are probably not as obligations held by such covered benefits Barr Geren Rose useful as they should be, and that I be- fund shall be sold or redeemed only for the Bishop Harman Smith (NJ) purpose of making payment of such benefits Clay Jacobs Stockman lieve the gentleman ought to avail or administrative expenses and only to the Crane McInnis Tucker himself of all of the facts prior to mak- extent cash assets of the covered benefits Dixon McKinney Young (AK) ing some rather strong statements. fund are not available from month to month Emerson Mfume Of course, as the gentleman knows, for making payment of such benefits or ad- b 1135 given the dismissal policy around here, ministrative expenses. So the resolution was agreed to. these individuals will be with us (2) ISSUANCE OF CORRESPONDING DEBT.—For The result of the vote was announced through the Christmas season. purposes of undertaking the sale or redemp- tion of public debt obligations held by a cov- as above recorded. As a matter of fact, they will be with us through the beginning month of the ered benefits fund pursuant to paragraph (1), A motion to reconsider is laid on the the Secretary of the Treasury may issue cor- table. year, and probably beyond that because responding public debt obligations to the f simply, around here when you talk public, in order to obtain the cash necessary about removing people who, in the re- FIRING INAPPROPRIATE AT for payment of benefits or administrative ex- view of the needs, are no longer nec- penses from such covered benefits fund, not- CHRISTMASTIME essary, to make a statement that they withstanding the public debt limit. (Mr. MORAN asked and was given are not going to be here through the (3) ADVANCE NOTICE OF SALE OR REDEMP- permission to address the House for 1 Christmas session is simply not factu- TION.—Not less than 3 days prior to the date minute and to revise and extend his re- on which, be reason of the public debt limit, ally correct; and I would very much the Secretary of the Treasury expects to un- marks.) like to invite the gentleman to sit Mr. MORAN. Mr. Speaker, I would dertake a sale or redemption authorized down and take a look at all of the facts under paragraph (1), the Secretary of the like to make an inquiry of the Speaker surrounding the circumstances. Treasury shall report to each House of the or anyone knowledgeable of the issue I would have been more than willing Congress and to the Comptroller General of to clarify it, because there is a good to do that had the gentleman ap- the United States regarding the expected deal of concern on the part of Members proached me, without taking the time sale or redemption. Upon receipt of such re- on both sides of the aisle over the sta- of the House to make some statements. port, the Comptroller General shall review tus of 11 people who served all of the I think the gentleman will find, after the extent of compliance with subsection (a) Members of this body in a nonpartisan and paragraphs (1) and (2) of this subsection he looks at the facts, that he was per- and shall issue such findings and rec- way, and who, we understand, have haps a bit extreme. I thank the gen- been fired without advance notice just ommendations to each House of the Congress tleman for yielding. as the Comptroller General considers nec- before Christmastime. Mr. MORAN. Mr. Speaker, reclaiming essary and appropriate. I do not think it is a partisan issue, my time, that was the purpose for (c) PUBLIC DEBT OBLIGATION.—For purposes but it is something that affects all of making it an inquiry rather than a of this section, the term ‘‘public debt obliga- us, because these are people who are re- speech: to determine why it occurred. I tion’’ means any obligation subject to the sponsible for the tallying, for the en- hope we can get some further light on public debt limit established under section rollment of bills, for checking the ac- 3101 of title 31, United States Code. the issue. I think it is a serious one. (d) FEDERAL FUND.—For purposes of this curacy of the bills; and the only com- Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, pursuant mon bond we can find among those peo- section, the term ‘‘Federal fund’’ means any to House Resolution 293, I call up the Federal trust fund or Government account ple that have been peremptorily fired bill (H.R. 2621) to enforce the public established pursuant to Federal law to which is that they had accumulated a sub- debt limit and to protect the Social Se- the Secretary of the Treasury has issued or stantial amount of compensatory time. curity trust funds and other Federal is expressly authorized by law directly to Since this body will have to abide by trust funds and accounts invested in issue obligations under chapter 31 of title 31, all of the private sector laws as of Jan- public debt obligations, and ask for its United States Code, in respect of public uary 1, we would be responsible for money, money otherwise required to be de- immediate consideration. posited in the Treasury, or amounts appro- compensating these people for the com- The Clerk read the title of the bill. pensatory time they built up for work- priate. H.R. 2621 ing late hours when we are still in ses- (e) COVERED BENEFITS FUND.—For purposes sion. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- of subsection (b), the term ‘‘covered benefits fund’’ means any Federal fund from which Mr. Speaker, if that is the common resentatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, cash benefits are payable by law in the form bond that caused their firing, then I SECTION 1. APPLICABILITY OF PUBLIC DEBT of retirement benefits, separation payments, think it would be helpful for all of us LIMIT TO FEDERAL TRUST FUNDS life or disability insurance benefits, or de- to understand, because this affects the AND OTHER FEDERAL ACCOUNTS. pendent’s or survivor’s benefits, including ability of all of the Members of this (a) PROTECTION OF FEDERAL FUNDS.—Not- (but not limited to) the following: body to carry out their functions and withstanding any other provision of law— (1) the Federal Old-Age and Survivors In- to make sure that no mistakes are (1) no officer or employee of the United surance Trust Fund; made in the wording of the bills, and States may— (2) the Federal Disability Insurance Trust (A) delay the deposit of any amount into Fund; that the tally of the votes, and so on is (or delay the credit of any amount to) any (3) the Civil Service Retirement and Dis- accurate. Federal fund or otherwise vary from the nor- ability Fund; Mr. Speaker, I also think that it re- mal terms, procedures, or timing for making (4) the Government Securities Investment flects on all of the Members of this such deposits or credits, or Fund; H 14886 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 (5) the Department of Defense Military Re- some extraordinary steps to avoid the trust funds in fact is extra debt and ef- tirement Fund; legal debt limit that, to me, are very fectively pierces the debt ceiling. (6) the Unemployment Trust Fund; disturbing. On November 15, the Treas- The U.S. Government cannot con- (7) each of the railroad retirement funds and accounts; ury gained access to $61.5 billion from tinue to act like a spendthrift, that (8) the Department of Defense Education the Civil Service Retirement trust fund having reached its limit on its credit Benefits Fund and the Post-Vietnam Era and the G fund in the thrift savings ac- card, goes out and simply gets another Veterans Education Fund; and count. credit card. Already we have handed (9) the Black Lung Disability Trust Fund. Recent public statements indicate our children the bill of $187,000 in their SEC. 2. CONFORMING AMENDMENT. that the Treasury can go through the lifetimes just to pay the interest on (a) IN GENERAL.—Subsections (j), (k), and end of January and perhaps into the the existing debt, and now the Sec- (l) of section 8348 of title 5, United States first week of February before facing retary has incurred an additional li- Code, and subsections (g) and (h) of section further debt constraints. However, it is ability already of $61 billion. That is 8438 of such title are hereby repealed. (b) RETENTION OF AUTHORITY TO RESTORE not clear what move Treasury will next why we must pass this law, using our TRUST FUNDS WITH RESPECT TO ACTIONS take to create further borrowing au- constitutional authority to protect TAKEN BEFORE DATE OF ENACTMENT.— thority. these children and the generations to (1) IN GENERAL.—The repeals made by sub- H.R. 2621 would prevent the kind of come. section (a) shall not apply to the restoration steps that the Treasury has been un- But the young are not the only ones requirements imposed on the Secretary of dertaking. Quite simply, the bill re- who should have an interest in this leg- the Treasury (or the Executive Director re- quires Federal trust funds and similar islation. The Social Security trust ferred to in section 8438(g)(5) of title 5, Unit- ed States Code) with respect to amounts at- accounts to be fully invested in Gov- funds, as I mentioned before, are not tributable to actions taken under subsection ernment securities. Surplus income legally protected from this kind of a (j)(1) or (k) of section 8348, or section cannot be held in cash to avoid hitting manipulation already done to the other 8438(g)(1), of such title before the date of the the debt limit. pension trust fund. The 43 million re- enactment of this Act. Furthermore, funds cannot be cipients who paid their taxes and rely (2) RESTORATION REQUIREMENTS.—For pur- disinvested unless it is done to pay au- on those benefits expect us to stand be- poses of paragraph (1), the term ‘‘restoration thorized benefits. During a debt limit hind their investments. requirements’’ means the requirements im- period, Social Security benefits and The administration says it will not posed by— (A) paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) of subsection other benefits to individuals financed use Social Security trust funds in the (j), and subsection (l)(1), of section 8348 of through the redeposition of U.S. securi- debt limit game, and we know that such title, and ties would be paid. they have not yet touched the Social (B) paragraphs (2), (3), (4), and (5) of sub- Mr. Speaker, the amendment that Security fund. But, make no doubt section (g), and subsection (h)(1), of section was incorporated in the rule updates about it, this bill is the only way to le- 8438 of such title. the legislation for the events that have gally protect Social Security from The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- occurred in the last few weeks. It being raided during this or any future ant to House Resolution 293, the would restore the Civil Service trust debt suspension period. amendments printed in the House re- fund and G fund to their proper finan- Mr. Speaker, this bill is both nec- port, 104–388, are adopted. cial levels for actions taken by the essary and responsible. It takes back The text of H.R. 2621, as amended, is Secretary of the Treasury to date. This the Congress’ constitutional right to as follows: would be a one-time-only restoration, determine the level of debt on the peo- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- and Treasury’s current authority to ple of this country, it protects our sen- tleman from Texas [Mr. ARCHER] will use this as a loophole around the debt ior citizens’ trust funds and benefits, be recognized for 30 minutes, and the limit would be repealed. and it closes the loophole the adminis- gentleman from Florida [Mr. GIBBONS] Mr. Speaker, when the President ve- tration has used to increase the debt will be recognized for 30 minutes. toed the short-term debt limit, he cited that every American must carry. The Chair recognizes the gentleman as one of his reasons the limitations it I urge my colleagues to adopt this from Texas [Mr. ARCHER]. placed on Treasury’s statutory power legislation. GENERAL LEAVE to manage the debt, but this argument Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, I ask between the two branches of Govern- my time. unanimous consent that all Members ment is not about debt management. Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield may have 5 legislative days in which to The power to borrow money on the myself 4 minutes. revise and extend their remarks and in- credit of the United States is clearly a Mr. Speaker, in most of America this clude extraneous material on the bill constitutional function of the U.S. is a happy time of the year in which we H.R. 2621. Congress; whether this debate should are wishing each other good wishes, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there be about controlling the level and and I think we genuinely feel that. objection to the request of the gen- growth of the debt burden on our chil- But in the 30-something years I have tleman from Texas? dren, and it is about balancing the been here in Congress. I have noticed There was no objection. budget. there is a propensity at this time of the Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, I yield b year as Congress begins to close down myself such time as I may consume. 1145 for a little recess that it develops into Mr. Speaker, today the House is It is also about controlling the run- the silly time. again debating H.R. 2621, a bill to en- away growth of Federal spending and I know this is not the idea of the gen- force the public debt limit and to pro- the tax burden placed on working peo- tleman from Texas [Mr. ARCHER]. The tect the Social Security trust funds ple in this country. leadership over there forced him to and other Federal trust funds and ac- On November 15, the Treasury used a this, in the most mismanaged session counts invested in public debt obliga- Federal pension law intended to pro- that I have ever seen in my congres- tions. tect retiree benefits to seriously weak- sional career. As everyone will recall, we have al- en the constitutional authority of the We have wasted more time this year ready sent to the President two debt Congress of the United States. Even on silly things that have never gone limit extensions, a long-term extension though it has not shown up on the offi- anyplace but have made a lot of fancy as part of the Balanced Budget Act, cial books to date, when the trust headlines for a brief day or so. But this which he vetoed, and a short-term ex- funds are automatically restored—and, continues on. tension which he vetoed on November Mr. Speaker, there is a legal obligation No President in his right mind would 13. Accompanying the short-term limit to restore these funds—the Nation will ever sign this bill. Whether he be Dem- were the trust fund protections which be $61 billion further in debt, without ocrat, Republican, Independent, or who are embodied in the bill that we are the Congress, the constitutional au- done it, he would never sign this bill. now considering. thority as the voice of the people, hav- I think it would behoove my Repub- As a result of the President’s veto of ing acted upon it. This legal obligation lican friends to realize that power the debt limit, the administration took to restore the disinvestment of these changes around this place, and maybe December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14887 sometime in the future they may face the Federal Government or the Treas- rates which will cost taxpayers billions a situation where they are in the White ury any longer. Once they come out of of extra dollars annually. Virtually all House and we are in control here in the a person’s payroll check, they should interest rates are keyed to Treasury Congress, and we get cantankerous like go to the place of responsibility and rates. If they go up, so will mortgage they have done on this debt ceiling that is the trust funds. rates, and rates on consumer loans and thing and they have got no room to We in the private sector, those of us personal loans and student loans. maneuver for the good of the country. who are in business and employ people, This bill is irresponsible and it is un- I have never met anybody who really have to do the same thing. When we wise. We should defeat it. We should in their right mind wants to shut the have funds that we deduct from an em- pass a clean temporary extension bill, Government down. I am not talking ployee’s check, we have so many bank- as we have done at similar times in the about just shutting down the Grand ing days that we have to make a de- past and we should get on with the im- Canyon or the Washington Monument. posit at the bank and those funds go portant business of balancing the budg- I am talking about not paying the mili- into the Treasury and then supposedly et in a bipartisan manner. tary, not paying the Social Security into trust funds. The same thing Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 benefits. should be required of the Treasury and minutes to the gentleman from Penn- That is what could happen if this the Federal Government. The Federal sylvania [Mr. ENGLISH], a member of silly bill became law. None of the bills Government, the Treasury, should be the Committee on Ways and Means. would be able to be paid. There would required, also, to make those deposits Mr. ENGLISH of Pennsylvania. Mr. be financial chaos in the United States within a short period of time and not Speaker, today we are going to at- and in the world if we do not have the use them to circumvent the process of tempt again to protect Social Security maneuver room that we have now got balancing the people’s books. and other Federal trust funds during under the law. Passage of this legislation will not the budget negotiations by putting up So this bill will never get out of the completely stop the balanced-budget a vote, hopefully a successful one, on Senate, it will never become law, and dodging, but it will sure help. It will this debt limit bill. we are wasting an hour here today be- sure help to protect those dollars that For senior citizens in America, this cause if we did not waste an hour doing are deducted from the employees of is an absolutely key vote and one this, we would do something else silly this Government and from those who which everyone should watch. I lis- around this place. That is the only rea- work for many other employers and tened to the comments of my friend son. have Social Security funds deducted and distinguished colleague from Flor- So, Mr. Speaker, the Social Security from their paychecks. It is important ida. Let me suggest to him that no fund is safe. It has already been in- that we pass this legislation. President in his right mind would veto vaded twice to pay benefits. If we cut it Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 this bill. This bill is timely. Because in off and do not allow them to invade it, minutes to the gentleman from Vir- the wake of the President’s veto of and that is what this would do, to pay ginia [Mr. PAYNE]. prior debt limit legislation, the admin- benefits, we are going to have checks Mr. PAYNE of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, istration took some extraordinary and bouncing just like that all over the I rise in strong opposition to this bill. disturbing steps to circumvent the United States, immediately. While it pretends to protect our var- legal debt limit. Everybody’s check would bounce. ious Federal trust funds, in fact, by As our chairman noted, on November The Government could not do a single forcing a default on our national debt 15, Treasury tapped into $61.5 billion thing. It could not pay the police, it the bill virtually ensures that our So- from the civil service retirement trust could not pay the FBI, it could not pay cial Security beneficiaries and our civil fund and the G Fund in the Thrift Sav- the prison guards, it could not pay the service retirees will not be paid on ings Program. This raises chilling FAA, the air traffic controllers. It just time. questions about where Treasury will could not do anything. This bill repeals the debt manage- look next to create further borrowing Now, none of you want to do that and ment tools given to the Secretary of authority. I do not know why you go through this the Treasury in 1986 and 1987. These Let us be clear on this. The President silly drill. It is never going to become tools were used by Secretary Rubin on does not want to erect fire walls law, and maybe you ought to get November 15 to avoid a default. The around these trust funds because he around to managing the time so that bill also requires the Secretary to im- needs the assets in these accounts to we could do something useful for the mediately invest all cash balances and get around the debt ceiling and resist American public. incoming receipts for all trust funds, serious budget negotiations. Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 even if the debt limit would be ex- Mr. Speaker, H.R. 2621 provides es- minutes to the gentleman from Geor- ceeded in doing so. This will force our sential protections for Social Security gia [Mr. COLLINS], a member of the Nation into default in a matter of days. and other trust funds now being raided Committee on Ways and Means. While the bill makes a pretense of by the Treasury to avoid the statutory Mr. COLLINS of Georgia. I thank the protecting our trust fund beneficiaries, debt limit. It restores public con- gentleman for yieldng me the time. in reality it would have exactly the op- fidence in these retirement systems. Mr. Speaker, I have said a number of posite result. Millions of citizens enti- This bill is both necessary and respon- times from this well and also in the tled to various kinds of payments sible. It reasserts Congress’s constitu- Third District of Georgia that the would not be able to receive what they tional right to determine the debt, it greatest challenge to this Congress is are owed. Military personnel, including protects senior citizens’ trust funds the deficit, and the greatest threat to our troops in Bosnia and around the and benefits, and it closes the loophole this Nation is the national debt, and world, would not get paid, nor would that this administration has used to si- the best and the most important re- their support supplies be paid for. Med- phon retirement assets in its posses- sponsibility of this Congress is bal- icare and Medicaid recipients, food sion. ancing the budget. stamp recipients, and holders of Gov- This is not about cash management, What we are doing here today is try- ernment securities, many of whom ab- Mr. Speaker. It is about the integrity ing to prevent and stop the delay of solutely rely on the timely delivery of of Social Security and the federal re- balancing the budget. The process of their checks to survive, would be left tirement system and keeping faith using trust funds rather than disburse waiting. with those who depend on them. them into the accounts that they In addition to these short-term im- Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 should be in is simply a way to bal- pacts, forcing our Nation into default minutes to the gentleman from Michi- ance-budget dodge, and that is it in a would have serious long-term financial gan [Mr. LEVIN]. nutshell. It is wrong. Those funds are implications. Investors will demand a Mr. LEVIN. Mr. Speaker, in one deducted from employee checks, they risk premium to purchase future Gov- sense I hesitate to speak on this be- are matched by taxpayers’ money, and ernment debt, and disruption of normal cause this is such a ludicrous propo- they should be deposited in the trust borrowing procedures will result in sition. I do not know why you are pur- funds. Those dollars do not belong to delay costs, resulting in higher interest suing it. At a time when we should be H 14888 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 talking responsibly, negotiating re- first time was back on August 1, 1986, Mr. ABERCROMBIE. So, further par- sponsibly on a bipartisan basis, you are and I would like to read an excerpt of liamentary inquiry: playing games. a Senator’s speech when we were try- Then one may not quote anyone who Why are you doing it? So far you ing to accomplish the same thing then is currently in office either by name or have not fooled anybody. Not a soul. that we are trying to do with this leg- in terms of what they may have said or You started this in Ways and Means. islation. By the way, that Senator was done? The Social Security trust funds are AL GORE, and here is what he said Mr. BACHUS. Mr. Speaker, will the not being raided. You know that. It is about legislation almost identical to gentleman yield? just a falsehood. In your sentence you this legislation: Mr. ABERCROMBIE. I certainly cleverly say raiding Social Security Like the Social Security trust fund, the would be glad to, but I am making an and other trust funds, or raiding other Civil Service Retirement and Disability inquiry of the Chair. trust funds and Social Security. Social Fund is a dedicated—dedicated let me Mr. BACHUS. As I said, then former Security has not been touched. stress—trust fund, and, as such, its assets Senator AL GORE. I did not refer to the may only be used to provide benefits to civil fact that he is now the Vice President b 1200 service retirees. The fund stands as a strong of the United States, although I do not Mr. Speaker, the GAO said in a letter symbol of assurance that Federal employees’ think that would be inappropriate, but of December 12 our review of Treasury retirement benefits will be paid when they I think that the Speaker and other records show that between November 1, are due. While employees may not fully un- derstand the arcane interactions of Federal Members of this body understand that. 1995, and December 8, 1995, Treasury financing, they do recognize when money Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, if the gen- followed its normal investment and re- they have contributed toward the financing tleman would yield, I have a par- demption policies throughout trans- of their retirement has been used in ways liamentary inquiry of the Chair. actions affecting the Social Security other than those intended or promised. It The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- trust funds. was right for them to take offense last year tlewoman will state her parliamentary So why are our colleagues doing this? when the civil service fund was first tapped inquiry. If the Treasury had not used its ap- to keep the Nation solvent during the 1986 Ms. PELOSI. Is the Vice President proach of a few weeks ago, then Social debt ceiling crises. not the President of the Senate? Security recipients would have been af- Is this silly? Was it silly when it The SPEAKER pro tempore. Quoting fected, and everybody else. Our col- again happened this year when Sec- the Vice President, who is the Presi- leagues were saved from responsibility retary of the Treasury Robert Rubin dent of the Senate, in his capacity as a for default by the action of the Treas- reached into the civil service retire- former Member of the Senate is not ury Department, and now they are try- ment fund and took out Treasury secu- necessarily out of order. ing to shift blame to it. rities bearing interest of almost $40 bil- Ms. PELOSI. So let us get this This bill is what risks immediate de- lion and substituted them for an IOU? straight. fault and financial chaos, so look. Was it silly when he took the entire A Member of this body; because we Maybe our colleagues are all going to proceeds, $21.5 billion of the G fund, are all going to have to abide by this vote kind of like robots for this. and did not reinvest them? I do not rule, so I want to make sure I under- Maybe, like robots, they are going to think so. In fact, Mr. Speaker, Senator stand it; we can quote a Member of the come and vote for this, but I have to GORE’s statement 10 years ago remains Senate as long as he is not a Member of think that it is someplace in their the best, and let me close with a fur- the Senate any longer. Being President mind, or other place, that they know ther quote by Senator GORE. Ten years of the Senate, one is not a Member of this is an unwise move. later this statement remains the best the Senate? As my colleagues know, it is time to explanation of why we need this bill, The SPEAKER pro tempore. The stop this kind of antic. Hopefully we and I quote: Chair will clarify for the gentlewoman are on the eve of some serious negotia- To insure the trust fund assets are used from California [Ms. PELOSI] the situa- tions. Everybody has announced they only for the purpose of the trust fund, not for tion as to quotations of current Mem- are going to start tomorrow in a more general government obligations. bers of the Senate by reading clause 1 serious vein, and here, 24 hours before As Senator GORE stated, it was right of rule XIV which permits: that, our colleagues bring up this cha- for Federal employees to take offense .. . quotations from Senate proceedings on rade. They know it is wrong, they when the civil service retirement fund a measure then under debate in the House know it is not going to go anywhere. is used for political purposes. It is time and which are relevant to the making of leg- for us to protect the trust fund and re- islative history establishing the meaning of They are trying to gain a few political that measure but may not include character- points at the last minute. store congressional control over the izations of Senate action or inaction, other Mr. Speaker, Americans are losing Federal debt. references to individual Members of the Sen- faith in their political antics. They PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRIES ate, or other quotations from Senate pro- have been losing credibility because of Mr. ABERCROMBIE. Mr. Speaker, I ceedings. devices and tactics like this. have a parliamentary inquiry. So that is in pertinent part. It is time for serious bipartisan nego- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- Ms. PELOSI. So the Chair’s clarifica- tiations in the budget and the end of tleman will state his parliamentary in- tion addresses the substance of re- tactics like this. quiry. marks. I thought the clarification that Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I yield my- Mr. ABERCROMBIE. Mr. Speaker, I the Chair gave previously addressed self such time as I may consume. have been informed in the past by the who made the remarks, and that was a Mr. Speaker, I would say to my Parliamentarian that it was forbidden former Member of the Senate. The debt friend from that one of the under rules of the House to quote di- ceiling issue is a matter of discussion previous administrations back in 1985 rectly from a Member of the other in the Senate of the United States. The did indeed borrow from the Social Se- body, or to refer to a Member of the Vice President is an ex officio Member. curity trust fund and was most se- other body, or to quote on this floor Not to be argumentative about it, but verely criticized by the Democrat from speeches or pronouncements made I think it should be clear how Members Party for having done so. by a Member of the other body. proceed in this debate because it is an Mr. Speaker, I yield 21⁄2 minutes to Mr. Speaker, I did not bring it up issue that is discussed in the Senate, the gentleman from Alabama [Mr. during the gentleman’s recitation be- the Vice President is an ex officio BACHUS]. cause I think he did it in good faith, Member of the Senate, so even though Mr. BACHUS. Mr. Speaker, I thank but that was what I was instructed by the gentleman was quoting from when the gentleman from Florida [Mr. SHAW] the Parliamentarian, and I would like he used to be a Member from Ten- for yielding me the time, and, Mr. to know if that is, in fact, the case. nessee, on an issue then, that issue is Speaker, this is serious business, and, The SPEAKER pro tempore. (Mr. recurring now. as the gentleman from Florida said, INGLIS of South Carolina). Members are Mr. ABERCROMBIE. Mr. Speaker, I this is the second time that we have at- permitted to quote former Members of yield with this proviso, the Chair un- tempted to protect the trust fund. The the other body. derstand why I am asking the question. December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14889 I have been forbidden to quote a Mem- entitled to Social Security; military and civilian this type on the floor, fooling around ber of the other body with respect to employees; and Government suppliers of literally with default. Default is unac- legislation that is pending before us. goods and services. ceptable, it should not happen, this bill Mr. BACHUS. Let me draw the dis- I am sure that we will hear vigorous debate should not pass, and we should go back tinction, and I am not arguing over my on both sides this morning, and we will ex- to the business of government. People colleague’s ability to do that or not. plore the Secretary's efforts to keep Congress want Government to do their business. I quoted a former Member. At that informed of his actions to avoid default. But in This is not what we should be doing. time, I said former Senator AL GORE. I closing, and as a Member who voted for the Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 quoted from his speech on August 1, coalition budget, I urge my democratic col- minutes to the distinguished gen- 1986. I pointed out that it was an leagues to fully accept the fact we will adopt tleman from Michigan [Mr. SMITH], amendment which accomplishes the a balanced budget with reduced spending in who chairs the Task Force on the Debt same thing that this legislation would programs that we cherish. Conversely, I urge Limit. do, and, if I can read my—— my Republican colleagues to ease up on the b 1215 Mr. ABERCROMBIE. I understand radical and extreme tactics that only cause the the motivation and am reclaiming my administration to become more rigid in its po- Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speak- time, Mr. Speaker. sition. er, I am taking the liberty to come to The SPEAKER pro tempore. If the We are acting irresponsibly, and blackmail- this microphone, if the gentlewoman gentlemen will suspend, the Chair ing our own constituents. from Connecticut would dialog with would just advise Members that Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 me. I am taking the liberty to come to quotations of former Members of the minutes to the gentlewoman from Con- this side of the aisle, because I would Senate now serving as Vice President necticut [Mrs. KENNELLY]. hope after the current, if you call it, fi- in their capacity as Senators are in Mrs. KENNELLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise asco is done with, and we come to a order as long as they are not disparag- in strong opposition to this bill for a time period after we have settled this ing of that former Member of the other number of reasons; one, because it is dispute and hopefully come to a con- body. superfluous. If, in fact, we do not know clusion on balancing the budget, how The Chair has responded to the in- already, we should know that under much control do we want to retain, re- quiry of the gentleman from Hawaii current law the Social Security trust gain for Congress? How much control [Mr. ABERCROMBIE] and the inquiry of fund is protected, it is an entitlement, over the authority given in title I of the gentlewoman from California [Ms. and when we had this debate once be- the Constitution, that says we have PELOSI], and believes the matter is con- fore on November 15, the President control over spending and borrowing, cluded. came out and made a very definitive do we want to have a majority in Con- Mr. ABERCROMBIE. Yes, it is, Mr. statement that he would not and would gress be able to control? Speaker. not at all take funds from the trust To react to a statement that the gen- Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, now that fund in this situation. tlewoman from Connecticut made, we have gotten that important decision But another reason I am against this, there is nothing in law that protects made, I yield such time as he may Mr. Speaker, is this is dangerous-type the Social Security trust fund from the consume to the gentleman from New activity. It is one thing if we are going same kind of disinvestment that was York [Mr. FLAKE]. to disagree about how long to take to enacted on the civil service retirement (Mr. FLAKE asked and was given balance the budget, 7 or 8 years, or we trust fund on November 15. There are permission to revise and extend his re- are going to say something should be a no changes in law between when dis- marks.) block grant or it should be an entitle- investment occurred in 1986, when a Mr. FLAKE. Mr. Speaker, I rise in ment, but we should not be fooling different administration disinvested opposition to H.R. 2621 and to ask both around with the debt ceiling. It is irre- the Social Security trust fund in 1986 parties to get together and start acting sponsible. The country has never de- and used that as flexibility to play responsibly. Let us move on in the best faulted and should, in fact, never de- with the debt ceiling, than occurs interests of our constituents and move fault, and what Mr. Rubin has done today. So we have a commitment by this process to the next level. under law and what he is being asked the Secretary that he does not intend Mr. Speaker, I will take this opportunity to now not to do is something that one of to go into the Social Security trust express my opposition to H.R. 2621, and to our former Treasurers, a good Treas- fund for disinvestment. I will take him state my disbelief that Congress is still locked urer who had great financial expertise at his word, but eventually we must in a political budget battle, and has taken as well as understanding of the body control the ability to not only control measures to politicize the issue of extending politic, Mr. Baker who asked for this spending but to control how large this the debt limit. Today, by attacking the integrity legislation so, in fact, that there was debt is going to be. of Secretary Rubin, and voting on H.R. 2621, an impasse over the debt ceiling, he Mr. Speaker, the debt of this country it seems that the majority wishes to hold the would have legislation to not go into was increased $61 billion in one after- President hostage to its budget goals. default, and this is exactly what Mr. noon, if you compare that $61 billion to I say that the majority seeks to hold the ad- Rubin did a few weeks ago. Now, if we the fact that it took this country the ministration hostage, in that the clear effort have this legislation pass and Mr. first 160 years of its existence to mount today is to force the country to default on its Rubin had to pay the $61 billion that this kind of a $60 billion debt, and then obligationsÐfor the first time in history. Let me has been drawn down from these trust we expanded the debt load of this coun- remind my colleagues and the American pub- funds, it would, in fact, automatically try another $60 billion. lic that if this bill were enacted, the Treasury put us in default, and this is something There is no default that is going to would be prevented from raising funds, to we should not be taking in this fashion occur under this bill. There are provi- meet daily U.S. obligations. Moreover, accord- on this floor today. sions in the rule that specifically re- ing to OMB, if the bill becomes law, we will As the gentleman from Florida [Mr. late that what actions have taken default within days, if not hours. GIBBONS] said, this bill will probably place so far will not be under the sub- In a charade of protectionism, where the not become law. There are saner minds ject of this law. majority claims to protect the beneficiaries of in the Senate, and they will not act Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 30 various trust funds, the majority today will pre- upon this. But what I worry about is seconds to the gentlewoman from Con- cipitate default and orchestrate its own chorus that there is more and more people in necticut. of financial crisis. this body on this side of the House that Mrs. KENNELLY. Mr. Speaker, I By handcuffing the Secretary, and reducing are willing, responsible people, to put would say to the gentleman from the number of tools lawfully at his disposal, forth this kind of legislation thinking Michigan [Mr. SMITH], I have read his the Republican charade will be exposed as that somebody else will save them, ‘‘Dear Colleagues’’ and they are very follows: Millions of citizens entitled to various that it will not go to the Senate, the well thought out. A, we should have if payments would not receive what they are President will veto it. We should not be you want, new legislation, and not be owed. This would include: Medicare and Med- having the world financial markets doing this in this way at this time. icaid recipients; food stamp recipients; people look at us and see us having a bill of Also, as the gentleman knows and has H 14890 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 said in your ‘‘Dear Colleagues’’, the tled. The law requires currently that have rarely seen a bill that is more Secretary of the Treasury is not au- the Treasury Department automati- bush league. I think what this bill thorized and therefore cannot do this. cally reimburse the trust funds for the shows is that the other side is just not The gentleman knows that. full amount disinvested plus interest.’’ ready for prime time. The bottom line The other thing, your last statement, Let us stop playing games. The is a simple one. If you simply wanted what you said up to the last point was American public does not appreciate it. to protect Social Security, you would true, but what is not true is this legis- We are all going to protect Social Se- limit the bill to Social Security. You lation does in fact, if carried out, mak- curity. This administration is commit- do not. We all know that the Social Se- ing the Treasury pay back the $61 bil- ted to that. Social Security is not at curity trust fund will not be touched. lion, would result in $61 billion above risk. We all know that. Let us be re- We have had assurances to that effect, the debt limit and would result in de- sponsible. Let us lift the debt limit. and no law specifically allows it to be fault. Let us pass a CR and get on with the touched. Mr. SMITH of Michigan. If the gen- business of America. What we are doing here is trying to tlewoman would yield, she should just Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 play chicken in a very childish, school read the rule, please. minutes to the distinguished gen- yard-like way. They say, ‘‘let us tie Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield tleman from Florida [Mr. STEARNS]. Secretary Rubin’s hands. Let us make 21⁄2 minutes to the gentleman from Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, I thank default a little more likely. Then Maryland [Mr. HOYER]. my good friend, the gentleman from maybe, maybe, maybe this side will Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, I thank Florida, for yielding time to me. blink.’’ You have been through it once the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, until the cows go home, before. We are not blinking, not to a Mr. Speaker, it is with a certain de- that is how long the President and Sec- bully-like tactic like this. gree of sadness that I rise and associate retary Rubin can run this place under I have found it just utterly amazing myself with the remarks of the gen- our present situation, where they could how irresponsible and how hypocritical tleman from Michigan [Mr. LEVIN], use the term ‘‘disinvest’’ to borrow this proposal is in light of the fact that who spoke. There are two ways, frank- from these trust funds, not only Social the Speaker, the gentleman from Geor- ly, that the government can be shut Security and Medicare and Medicaid, gia [Mr. GINGRICH], used to warn last down, which seems to be the objective, Federal employees’ thrift savings ac- week in solemn tones that the stock frankly, of the Republican leadership count, and others. So we do not want markets will crash if we do not pass in this House. One, of course, is not to to do that. That is why we are passing this budget; but on the other hand, he pass appropriation bills or a continuing this legislation. allows to the floor a proposal like this resolution in lieu of appropriation Another expert knowledgeable with which makes default more likely. What bills. That was done some days ago, this system, Louis Crandall of kind of shenanigans are they? One and we shut down for the longest time Wrightson & Company has said, ‘‘The week, we must not default, default is a in history, for four days. It cost the creative accounting to which the Presi- danger. This week, pass legislation American taxpayer between $650 mil- dent and Secretary Rubin could resort that makes default more likely. lion and $700 million. could get them through for a couple of I think we are not getting straight The other way of shutting down the years.’’ answers. We are getting games. We are government, of course, is not to extend That is why this legislation is being getting silliness. I would say that the the debt limit. Every American ought put before us today. We need to address attempts by my friend, the gentleman to understand that the reason that we this problem directly with a balanced from Florida, to blame Secretary need to extend the debt limit is be- budget, my colleagues have mentioned Rubin, blaming Secretary Rubin is like cause we have already voted in pre- that, rather than hiding further debt putting the hostage on trial for the vious Congresses, and indeed in this by borrowing from the seniors and crimes of the kidnappers. This whole Congress, to spend money, more than other U.S. citizens who have paid their thing is a puerile, childish attitude. It we had coming in. Therefore, it is nec- hard-earned dollars into these trust is sort of a group of people banging essary to be responsible to borrow that funds. their fists on the table and saying, ‘‘Do money, but by law there is a limit. We We were not sent here to come up it my way or I am going to threaten periodically raise that limit. It really with creative accounting techniques, you.’’ We will not be threatened. Let us is, in my opinion, a non-issue, because we were sent here to make the deci- get on with the business of this coun- the issue, really, is on spending. That sions that are best for the American try and solve the budget resolution. is the debate we are having on the people. A question I might pose for the Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 budget, the reconciliation bill. people on that side of the aisle, as well minutes to the gentleman from Vir- I want to say, Mr. Speaker, on the as my side of the aisle: When Secretary ginia [Mr. MORAN]. specific assertion of some who rise and Rubin disinvests, does that not add to Mr. MORAN. Mr. Speaker, this bill is say we want to protect Federal em- the debt ceiling, which in a sense vio- fraught with problems that we would ployees on the disinvestment of the re- lates the law that we have for the debt only recognize if it were to be enacted. tirement funds, I do not pretend to be ceiling? I think that is a question we I trust it will never be enacted. the only or the necessarily best advo- should ask and have that side of the Let me explain some of the specific cate of Federal employees, but I frank- aisle explain to us if he disinvests, problems. There are two sections. One ly do not think there is anybody on using the pension funds from the Fed- does seem moot because the White this floor on either side of the aisle eral employees, is he not in a sense House and the Congress both agree we that cares more about Federal employ- putting up as collateral their pension ought not to be using Social Security ees or fights for their interests more funds and thereby borrowing against it, trust funds. It really is not an issue, than I do. They are not at risk. The law increasing the debt ceiling, even except that if we do go into default, I protects them. though Congress has not legislated to do not see how we can pay benefits to I have a letter, a notice from Alice do that? I pose that question rhetori- Social Security retirees or to Federal Rivlin in response to my request, and cally. Government retirees. she says, ‘‘Congress’ failure to send the Mr. Speaker, I urge the adoption of That goes to the fact that there is no President acceptable legislation to this bill. Then we will not have to lis- way to give preferential status to Gov- raise the Federal debt limit, which is ten to this side when we have a Repub- ernment debt instruments to be able to one way to shut down the government, lican President complain, and then this determine whether some relate to the has forced Treasury Secretary Rubin to side will not have to complain when we Social Security trust fund, some relate take extraordinary steps to avoid gov- have a Democrat President. to the Federal Government, Federal re- ernment default.’’ I do not think any- Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 tirees trust fund, and some are general body in this Congress intends default. minutes to the gentleman from New Government debt obligations. There is She goes on to say, ‘‘This action will in York, [Mr. SCHUMER]. no system to do that, so to obey the no away affect the benefits to which Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. Speaker, I have law we would have to reject all Federal current and future retirees are enti- been in this Chamber about 15 years. I debt instruments as they become due. December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14891 The other section, the section that here we debate the interpretation of Mr. Speaker, I am going to come over deals with the Federal retirement trust different provisions within the Con- and speak on this side of the aisle, be- funds, is the biggest problem. I think it stitution. Nothing could be clearer cause this is the side of the aisle, the is important to bear in mind the con- than that. party, the so-called party of sound text of this. This is legislation that The congressionally established debt money, the so-called party of the gold was requested by the Reagan adminis- ceiling is at $4.9 trillion. Approxi- standard, of tight credit, the so-called tration. It was signed into law by mately a quarter of it is held in the party of Wall Street; and yet the legis- President Reagan because it was a pru- form of nonmarketable government se- lation that this party has brought to dent financial management instrument curities in Federal trust funds. The the floor is totally irresponsible and to ensure that we do not create chaos debt in these trust funds has always totally out of line with where this in the domestic and international fi- been counted under the statutory debt party has been. It displays either will- nancial markets. It is a way to manage limit. ful political gamesmanship or willful the debt at a time of political crisis. Now, Congress has given the Sec- ignorance on the part of its pro- We have a time of political crisis, retary of the Treasury authority to ponents. This bill will cause a default, even though the other side has in fact temporarily turn nonmarketable secu- a default that the markets will never voted twice now to increase the debt rities and the two Civil Service retire- forget. ceiling. That is not at issue, that we ment funds into Federal IOU’s during a Yesterday we had the general counsel need to increase the debt ceiling. The short-term—and I underscore short- of the Federal National Mortgage Asso- problem is that they want it attached term—debt limit impasse. The borrow- ciation testifying on this issue, and the to a 7-year balanced budget and other ing authority formerly occupied by question was asked, if you had a de- changes in other laws that are really those securities can then be used to fault on a mortgage, would you buy not directly related to the debt ceiling. sell marketable securities. that mortgage? The answer, no, be- Mr. Speaker, if we were to pass this, Now, Secretary Rubin used this au- cause they would remember that de- we would immediately go into default. thority in mid-November to effectively fault. If we default on Treasuries, peo- This $54 billion in Treasury bills that raise the Federal debt limit by, as we ple will stop buying Treasuries and in- mature today, we would not be able to all know, $61 billion. Now, the Sec- terest rates will go up, and everybody make good on those bills if this were retary of the Treasury does not, does will pay for it. law today. There is $58 billion on De- not have unlimited authority to tap The Secretary of the Treasury testi- cember 21 and $36 billion on the 28th of trust funds. Past Treasury Secretaries fied yesterday, if this bill goes into ef- December. We cannot pass this. It have consistently held that this type of fect and the debt ceiling is not raised, would be the most irresponsible thing investment can be done only to the ex- he will not be able to raise the funds to we could do to the people of this coun- tent necessary to pay the benefits owed pay Social Security benefits. So the try, particularly those that own Treas- by those trust funds during the period fact is that if we pass this bill, we will ury bills, Treasury notes, and Treasury when there is a debt limit impasse. go into default and Social Security will bonds. Secretary Rubin has already pushed not be protected; it will go into default Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I yield my- the envelope by declaring an impasse too, as will Medicare, as will the Fed- self such time as I may consume. of 1 year to generate $61 billion. That eral pensions, as will the military pen- For the previous speaker, the gen- will provide borrowing authority sions. All of that will be in default; tleman from Virginia [Mr. MORAN], I through mid-February. The adminis- people will not get their checks for sys- would point to the section of the bill tration must come to a debt limit tems that they paid into. starting on page 2 entitled ‘‘Protection agreement with the Congress by then. of Benefits and Expenditures for Ad- To go beyond mid-February, Mr. This bill is inconsistent with the ac- ministrative Expenses,’’ where it spe- Speaker, the administration would tions taken by a previous Republican cifically provides that these expendi- have to actively divest trust funds be- Secretary of the Treasury, Jim Baker, tures will be taken care of and can be yond the level needed to pay benefits. and again, his general counsel testified paid for: The Federal Old-Age and Sur- There is no precedent, absolutely no to that fact yesterday. However, today, vivors Insurance Trust Fund, the Fed- precedent, for active divestment, and it we are trying to evade the real issue at eral Disability Insurance Trust Fund, is almost certainly illegal. hand. Because my colleagues do not the Civil Service Retirement and Dis- This action would essentially repeal have the votes to pass their budget, ability Fund, the Government Securi- the debt limit law, opening up $1.1 tril- they are going to try and throw the ties Investment Fund, the Department lion of new borrowing without congres- country into default. of Defense Military Retirement Fund, sional authority, clearly violating arti- The Speaker said not long ago that it the Unemployment Trust Fund, each of cle I, section 8. Should the administra- would be OK if we went for a while in the railroad retirement funds and ac- tion be willing to take this type of le- default. There would not be an impact, counts, the Department of Defense gally questionable action, we in the and that is just simply not the case. It Education Benefit Fund, the Post-Viet- Congress have the responsibility to re- would be a detrimental effect to home- nam Era Veterans Education Fund, and spond. owners, to mortgage owners. the Black Lung Disability Trust Fund. This is a very balanced, fair measure Mr. Speaker, I am new to this House that we have; I hope we can proceed b like the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. 1230 with it. While the Treasury Secretary SMITH] is new to this House. When we Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I would, for should have the flexibility needed to first came here, one of the most impor- the previous speaker from Virginia, avoid a Federal default, pay interest to tant issues we had to deal with was the [Mr. MORAN] point out the section of Federal bondholders, and pay benefits potential default of the Government of the bill starting on page 2. to retirees during a short-term debt Mexico on Mexican treasury bonds. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the ceiling impasse, he does not have the There are a number of Members in this gentleman from California [Mr. authority to nullify the power of Con- House on both sides of the aisle who DREIER]. gress to control the borrowing of felt that the Mexican Government had (Mr. DREIER asked and was given money and set the Federal debt limit. put themselves in that position and we permission to revise and extend his re- While we hope that this is not the in- should not have anything to do with it. marks.) tent of the administration, if it is, Con- Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, I thank gress will respond accordingly, and Well, here we are today and we are my friend from Fort Lauderdale, FL that is why we are here. about to do the same thing to the Unit- [Mr. SHAW], for yielding me this time. Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 ed States, and that is wrong. Shame on Mr. Speaker, the Congress shall have minutes and 20 seconds to the gen- the party of Wall Street. Shame on the the power to borrow money on the tleman from Texas [Mr. BENTSEN]. party of sound money. credit of the United States. Those 16 Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Speaker, I thank Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I yield 15 words are article I, section 8, of the the gentleman for yielding me this seconds to the gentleman from Michi- U.S. Constitution. So often around time. gan [Mr. SMITH]. H 14892 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speak- What is the answer today? Let us ex- Mr. CARDIN. Mr. Speaker, let me er, I think it would behoove us to hope- tort from the Secretary of the Treas- thank my friend from Florida, Mr. GIB- fully one of these days have more ca- ury what we have not been able to do BONS, for yielding me this time. maraderie in trying to reach solutions. with numbers in this institution. This Mr. Speaker, I am sure that the view- Mr. Speaker, I wish the gentleman is fundamentally flawed public policy. ers who are listening and the people in would examine whatever research he Mr. Speaker, let me move on to one the gallery that are listening are some- might have undertaken to quote the other quick issue which is the steady what confused about what this is all Speaker as saying a default is okay for erosion of congressional authority that about. You would believe it is about any period of time. That is not true. this represents to manage the budget. protecting Social Security trust funds Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 That is the same group that believes if you listen to what the Republicans minutes to the gentleman from Florida we ought to do it through the line-item are saying. [Mr. MICA]. veto; we ought to turn that power over Mr. Speaker, that is not what this is Mr. MICA. Mr. Speaker and my col- to the Executive. However, now, in this about. This is about putting additional leagues, the American people should instance, we do not like short-term leverage on the President in budget ne- know how bad our national indebted- policy, so let us, under the cir- gotiations; it is about causing the de- ness situation has grown. To satisfy cumstances, attempt to tie the hands fault on our national debt. They claim the insatiable appetite for expanding of the Secretary of the Treasury, from it is not about causing default on our our $5 trillion debt, this administration Alexander Hamilton to Douglas Dillon, national debt, even though that is is now robbing Federal retirement to Brady, to Bentsen and to Rubin. what this bill in fact does. trust funds. Oh, yes, we promise to pay This country has been well-served by b 1245 back grandma and grandpa, but is it the quality of people who have held that job. Secretary Rubin is on the If you are concerned about protecting not sad in fact that we have sunk to a the Social Security trust fund, in the new low, stealing from our senior citi- right track in attempting to honor our obligations. That is the way that this motion to recommit we will have zens’ rainy day account? something to speak about that. But I As chairman of the House Sub- country should be run, and we should not be moving down this road to poor daresay that my Republican friends committee on Civil Service, let me tell will vote against the motion to recom- you the irresponsible mess the new ma- public policy to solve a short-term po- litical problem. mit because this is not about protect- jority inherited. Thirty-five of our Fed- ing the Social Security trust fund. You eral pension funds have $1 trillion; it Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gen- do not protect the Social Security amounts to trillions of dollars in un- trust fund or any other trust fund by funded liabilities. In the private sector tleman from Florida [Mr. FOLEY]. Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Speaker, I thank the putting the national debt default at you would be arrested for running pen- gentleman for yielding me this time. risk. That is not how you protect the sion funds in this fashion. Mr. Speaker, this is about public re- payments to our Social Security bene- The Federal Employees’ Retirement sponsibility. This is about Congress’ re- ficiaries. During fiscal chaos, those trust fund that I oversee, this is just sponsibility to manage our debt. This who rely on the trust funds are at more one of them, has an unfunded liability card, my voting card that I insert in risk, not less at risk. That is when we of $540 billion. Another $350 billion has the machine as other Members do, runs tend to do things that we later regret. already been raided from the current up the national debt each time we do So this is about trying to put addi- account. Now, Secretary Rubin tells it. It borrows from our children, it bor- tional leverage on the President and on us, he can cook the books and feed the rows from our trust funds in order to the Congress on dealing with the defi- debt until the end of January. make this government work, and we cit, and this should not be the vehicle Today we must act responsibly. have done it year-in and year-out, ex- to do it. You do not put the debt of the Today we must act to protect our cessively. Nation at risk and default, particularly dwindling retirement funds, and today Our job as elected Members of Con- when this debt limit has already been we must begin to get our Nation’s fi- gress serving in this House is to bring approved by the Republican leadership nances and these retirement accounts fiscal sanity to this Nation, fiscal san- and the Members by previous votes of in order. ity to the operations of this govern- this House. You have already agreed on Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 ment, much like every homeowner this debt limit. You have already spent minutes to the gentleman from Massa- does, much like every businessperson this money. Now you have the audacity chusetts [Mr. NEAL], with great pleas- does. Balancing a checkbook is some- to come forward to say that we should ure. thing we all learn at a very early age. not pay the bills that we have already Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts. Mr. Maintaining adequate balances in our incurred under the bills you have al- Speaker, let us call this what it really accounts is something we learn at a ready brought forward and the debt is. This is an effort to precipitate a cri- very early age. Only when you come to limit you have already approved. sis in this institution. This is an effort Congress do you forget that lesson and Let us act responsibly, let us defeat to coerce the President of the United suggest it is okay to insert this card this bill. That is the best way we can States and the Secretary of the Treas- and plunge this Nation deeper and protect the trust funds of this Nation. ury into doing something that is pure- deeper into debt. Mr. Speaker, $5 tril- Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 ly and simply bad public policy. lion deep we are now. minutes to the distinguished gen- What do Bill Simon, William Miller, H.R. 2621 provides a mechanism to tleman from [Mr. SAXTON]. Paul Volkmer and Alan Greenspan all bring us to reality, to focus on our Na- Mr. SAXTON. Mr. Speaker, I thank have in common? They have suggested tion’s problems, to bring fiscal re- the gentleman for yielding me the that this is bad public policy. They are straint to this House, to protect the time. unified on that principle. The gen- trust funds, and let me emphasize that Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support tleman from Michigan [Mr. SMITH], word: Trust funds. In God we trust. of the Committee on Ways and Means’ however, is correct on one thing: What Trust funds. What we are establishing legislation to protect the integrity of about some camaraderie in this House is a mechanism to once again restore the trust funds and the budget process. of Representatives? trust to the people’s money. I think it is very unfortunate that I recall when Nick Brady was the Every Member of Congress has to re- the administration’s handling of the Secretary of the Treasury and the S&L alize that this card and the dollars we debt limit issue seems to be based more crisis was around us. This kind of legis- spend with this card are not our funds. on partisan politics than on anything lation was not proposed by an over- We are entrusted to protect the funds else. As two JEC reports released last whelmingly Democratic majority in of the American public. month pointed out, in the period lead- this institution. We did not attempt to So I disagree with my colleagues and ing to the veto, the administration tie the hands of the Secretary. We I urge passage and adoption. sought to create the false impression worked together in a bipartisan man- Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 that a veto of the debt limit would ner to shape a reasonable solution to minutes to the gentleman from Mary- cause a default. That is very unfortu- the S&L issue. land [Mr. CARDIN]. nate. December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14893 The first JEC report I released point- situation, available steps to delay reaching difficult it will be to manage the situation in ed out that the President had already the debt limit and ease any interim problems the event of an impasse. However, it is obvi- had a deferral process and rescission have not been taken. ous from the complete lack of action to date powers under the Impoundment Act al- ADMINISTRATION FAILURE TO USE DEFERRAL that the Administration is not as interested in managing the finances of the government ready in law. As reported by the Asso- AND RESCISSION TO COUNTER CASH CRUNCH Under the Impoundment Control Act, as as in using them for partisan political advan- ciated Press, on the other hand, while tage. It is true that the size of the deferrals the administration was hyping an al- amended, Presidential deferrals are per- mitted ‘‘to provide for contingencies’’ or ‘‘to or rescissions would be large and administra- leged cash flow crisis, it was sending achieve savings made possible by or through tively inconvenient, but it is equally true several hundred Federal workers to changes in requirements or greater effi- that these measures could mean that the Disney World for a series of lavish con- ciency of operations,’’ for administrative as debt limit would not be reached as soon, and ferences. These were issues that could opposed to policy reasons. Dealing with this that any remaining cash flow problems have been dealt with in many other severe cash flow problem would appear to be would be less serious than they would other- one of the ‘‘contingencies’’ covered under wise be. ways. The lack of any action or plans to slow fed- these provisions. Deferral could be used for The second JEC paper I released last eral spending to defer and alleviate a situa- several distinct purposes: conservation of re- month points out the whole default tion the Administration has sought to por- sources to delay reaching the debt limit; ad- scare was a ruse concocted by the ad- tray as a crisis raises questions about the vance preparation of a plan to conserve cash credibility of the Administration’s state- ministration for partisan political pur- becoming effective upon reaching the debt ments on the subject. Even if a late deferral poses. The whole controversy was a limit; and instrument of cash management or rescission could not entirely resolve a carefully designed PR event. for use after the debt limit was reached. cash flow shortfall, it would at the very least One of the more disturbing aspects of The Impoundment Control Act also pro- make it less severe, and facilitate its suc- vides for rescission, a procedure under which this episode was the fact that the pub- cessful resolution by other means. In addi- appropriated spending can be restrained by lic warnings of default made by a vari- tion, temporary disinvestment of one of the the President pending Congressional action. ety of administration officials were non-social security trust funds would provide Under a Presidential rescission request, the based on false information. The admin- yet another means of covering current obli- President can freeze additional discretionary gations without dire consequences. The no- istration knew there would be no de- spending for 45 days without Congressional tion that reaching the debt limit means fault and that a variety of means were action; after this period expires Congress there is no alternative to immediate legal available to avoid it. must approve the rescission or the funds are default is simply false, and can be viewed as Mr. Speaker, I would just conclude released. While the requirement for Congres- an attempt to spread confusion and fear in by saying that the whole episode only sional approval is somewhat restrictive in support of the Administration’s bargaining the longer run, rescission would be a way of reinforces public doubts about the in- position in favor of higher deficit spending. tegrity of Government officials. conserving funds for at least 45 days. As in A review of the cash flow position of the Mr. Speaker, the two JEC reports an the case of deferral, rescission can be viewed Treasury on a monthly basis shows that No- article that I have made reference to as a tool to delay or manage cash flow prob- vember is typically a large deficit month. lems resulting from reaching the debt limit. However, December is often nearly in bal- are as follows: Instead, the Administration has raised the ance, while January is actually a surplus [From the Joint Economic Committee Staff specter of a financial crisis and blamed it on month. Thus strong and decisive actions by Report, Nov. 7, 1995] Congress, even though such an event would President Clinton to defer or rescind spend- THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION’S DEBT LIMIT be triggered by a Presidential veto. The Ad- ing could probably supply the needed funds CHARADE ministration’s actions to date confirm its op- to maintain essential federal programs for position to a policy of fiscal restraint, and it In recent weeks Clinton Administration of- some time, and would make the situation has failed to take the actions needed to man- ficials have offered a list of the disasters much more manageable after the debt limit age possible consequences of a budget dis- that would supposedly occur under the Re- were reached. A Presidential deferral for ad- agreement by deferring nonessential federal publicans strategy on the debt limit. Treas- ministrative contingencies does not require spending. ury Secretary Rubin, White House chief of Congressional action. staff Panetta, and President Clinton himself The Administration description of the con- In summary, while deferral or recession have tried to portray the Republican posi- sequences of reaching the debt limit is also can be viewed as a means to delay and mini- tion as irresponsible and ‘‘extreme,’’ as if a distorted. The Administration has attempted mize the possible effects of reaching the debt rapidly growing national debt about to ex- to present the $4.9 trillion debt limit as a limit, it is also appropriate to view deferral ceed $4.9 trillion were responsible and mod- brick wall which the Federal Government and rescission as potential means of address- erate. Panetta has claimed the Republican will run into all at once, resulting in cata- ing cash flow issues after the debt limit is position would ‘‘let the country go to hell strophic consequences that must be averted actually reached. Another option would be and basically default.’’ However, a review of at all costs. However, these Administration adoption of legislation authorizing the Ad- the record suggests that the increasingly arguments could be taken more seriously in ministration to set priorities for managing strident Administration rhetoric is a distrac- the context of a real effort to manage the the cash flow of the Treasury, as in H.R. 2098. tion from real budget and debt management debt situation. This cannot be done with press releases, but with concrete actions DEBT LIMIT CLASH WOULD BE CAUSED BY issues. PRESIDENTIAL VETO The fundamental issue is that the Admin- taken to address the cash flow position of istration opposes the Congressional policy to the Treasury. Administration officials have engaged in a seriously curtail federal spending and debt The real nature of the situation can be series of noisy public relations events de- growth, and would accept such a policy only gauged by the extent to which the Adminis- signed to create the impression that a veto under great pressure. According to CBO, the tration has acted or planned to conserve of the debt limit would be the fault of Con- official budget submission of President Clin- cash by deferring or rescinding nonessential gress, and that the economic effects of this ton did not greatly differ from the current federal spending—but there has been no veto would be catastrophic. The Administra- services baseline, which would have per- meaningful action to do so. A serious effort tion has sought to portray its role as little mitted budget deficits to climb to $349 bil- to defer some program spending until later more than an innocent bystander. It is true, lion by 2002, with $2 trillion added to the na- in the fiscal year, or to rescind this spend- of course, that continued deficit spending tional debt. Only after the Congressional ing, would at least cushion any cash flow has created a situation in which the $4.9 tril- budget process produced resolutions trim- problem, and if timed appropriately, might lion statutory debt limit is about to be ming over $1 trillion of federal spending and avoid it. reached. However, it is not true that a Presi- debt growth, did the President finally re- Clearly, the Administration’s failure to dential veto would be the fault of Congress. spond. conserve cash in the face of a major budget At issue is a disagreement in policy which Guided by a new political consultant, disagreement between two branches of gov- may result in a Presidential veto; the re- President Clinton made a belated statement ernment would not be an effective way to re- sponsibility for a veto and its consequences outlining a sketchy plan purporting to bal- duce cash flow problems. By failing to act must be borne by the executive branch. ance the budget over 10 years, but would in the Clinton Administration seems to have The Administration has made clear its fact leave $200 billion deficits. This plan is deliberately attempted to maximize any preference for higher deficit spending and difficult to view as a serious proposal, but problems that could result from a cash flow debt accumulation, along with a larger in- appears to be an effort to deflect attention squeeze. crease in the debt limit. This underlines the away from the official budget submission. A sufficient portion of discretionary fed- fact that what is at issue is a fundamental The Administration has been equally inef- eral spending could be deferred or rescinded change in policy away from deficit spending fective in addressing the approaching debt until later in fiscal 1996 to delay and allevi- and rapid increases in the national debt. limit. This paper demonstrates that despite ate contingencies arising from the impend- CONCLUSION the Administration’s purported concerns ing debt limit. The later the Administration While loudly invoking the coming disaster, about the gravity of the Treasury’s cash flow acts to defer or rescind spending, the more the Clinton Administration has undertaken H 14894 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 no known steps to use the means completely with disinformation about default. Once the official February budget submission is a use- under its own control to alleviate the situa- focus returned to the central issue of deficit ful guide to what the Clinton Administration tion. Instead of deferring or rescinding funds spending, the Administration’s position would regard as an appropriate level of defi- to conserve cash in the face of what it por- started to erode. cit spending in the absence of a public rela- trays as a crisis, the spending spigots have SECRETARY RUBIN’S RAID ON RETIREMENT tions problem created by Congressional ac- remained wide open for many weeks. If the FUNDS TRIGGERS ARMEY/SAXTON REQUEST tions to balance the budget. The upward tra- situation is as dire as portrayed by the Ad- On November 15, 1995, Treasury Secretary jectory of deficit spending under President ministration, why has it completely failed to Robert Rubin announced his plan to Clinton’s recommendation reflects the low act? Moreover, if it later mismanages the disinvest the ‘‘G’’ fund of the federal em- priority this Administration has assigned to debt situation in such a way as to create real ployee thrift plan, and the civil service re- fiscal responsibility. problems, the major share of resulting prob- tirement plan, in order to create room under CONCLUSION lems will be the Administration’s failure to the debt ceiling for issuance of new debt. A review of the events leading up to the re- address the cash flow crunch when it could This circumvention of the debt limit essen- cent budget confrontation shows that the have done so. After months of complaints, tially evades a constraint rooted in Article I Clinton Administration carefully attempted the Administration cannot pretend to be sur- of the Constitution which states: ‘‘The Con- to heighten the atmosphere of a default cri- prised if a fiscal impasse does indeed occur. gress shall have Power . . . To borrow Money sis, while privately laying a plan to evade CHRISTOPHER FRENZE, on the credit of the United States.’’ The Sec- the debt limit. The confrontation was a cha- Chief Economist to the Vice Chairman. retary’s actions permitted the issuance of rade intended to provide a convenient plat- over $60 billion of additional debt, enough to form for the President’s re-election cam- [From the Joint Economic Committee finance monthly federal deficits through paign. Public statements made after the fact Policy Analysis, Nov. 1995] January. Since January is ordinarily a by Administration officials only confirm this THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION’S DEBT LIMIT month in which the cash flow position of the dismal conclusion. CHARADE—PART II treasury is in surplus, it may be February, a CHRISTOPHER FRENZE, After weeks of histrionic Administration large deficit month, before any additional Chief Economist to the Vice-Chairman. warnings about how failure to raise the debt action would be necessary. In any event, limit would bring default and catastrophic while the propriety and even legality of this [From the Economist, Nov. 18, 1995] economic consequences. President Clinton disinvestment activity is doubtful, the THE DEBT CEILING HUMBLED PROPHET chose to veto the temporary debt limit in- amount of available funds are sufficient to Doomsday is a grave event. One does not crease. Failure to raise the debt limit would finance monthly deficits for an extended pe- simply reschedule it, therefore, without a not trigger default because the Administra- riod of time. good explanation. On November 15th—the tion had already identified the available In response, on November 17, House Major- supposed day of reckoning for America’s means of managing the situation, despite its ity Leader Dick Armey and JEC Vice-Chair- debt—Robert Rubin, America’s treasury sec- repeated public warnings to the contrary. man Jim Saxton sent Secretary Rubin a let- retary, laboured mightily to provide one. He The Clinton Administration position was ter requesting information regarding when was being sincere all along, you see, when he thus revealed as a political attempt to mis- Treasury staff first examined the financing talked of a possible calamitous default on lead Congress and the public based on finan- options presented by the retirement funds. the federal government’s debts; when he im- cial assumptions it knew to be false. Unfortunately, the inflammatory public plored Republicans in Congress to raise the As veteran political correspondent Donald statements about default by Secretary $4.9 trillion debt ceiling by that date, or else. Lambro observed five days before the debt Rubin, White House Chief of Staff Leon Pa- It was only by a minor miracle, Mr. Rubin limit was reached, a House JEC staff report netta, and other Clinton Administration fig- explained, that his Treasury Department had had already pointed out that the ‘‘White ures had created the impression that there been able, temporarily, to avert disaster. House warnings of a default are a ‘charade.’ was a deliberate attempt to disrupt the fi- And if Congress did not relent, the dread day It concluded the president has plenty of au- nancial markets to undermine Administra- would still come, probably sometime in early thority to defer or slow down spending, or tion opponents. The documents requested of January. use cash assets such as pension fund reserves Rubin may help clarify whether there was a Financial markets reacted to the revised to meet debt payments.’’ This report, the contradiction between what Clinton officials timing just as they had to the original one. Clinton Administration’s Debt Limit Cha- were publicly saying to Congress and the They ignored it. Most bond traders know rade, went on to point out that the Adminis- public, and what the Administration was pri- what Mr. Rubin and his Republican tormen- tration had fostered the situation by failing vately planning to do. tors have known all along: that the Treasury to defer or rescind unnecessary discretionary The Administration documents received is sitting on a pile of trust-fund assets that spending to alleviate the situation. The re- under this request suggest that plans for the could enable it, if necessary, to hold out port also emphasized that the Administra- disinvestment of the retirement funds have right through to the 1996 elections. tion’s default ruse was a distraction from the been underway for some time, and were not The federal government administers about central issue: Republican insistence on a bal- a last minute decision. In other words, the 160 trust funds, with well over $1 trillion in anced budget, as opposed to the Clinton Ad- accessibility of the retirement funds had al- assets, including the funds for Social Secu- ministration’s preference for higher deficit ready been identified and shared with ‘‘ap- rity and Medicare. Most of these are, strict- spending and debt accumulation. propriate officials’’ in the Executive branch ly, off limits. The two exceptions are a pair Early in November it became evident that well before prominent Administration offi- of retirement funds for federal employees. In the White House’s public posture was stiffen- cials claimed that a veto of the debt limit normal times, these two funds (like all the ing as it prepared in advance for the Presi- would lead to default. It is interesting to others) hold their assets in the form of spe- dent’s veto of the debt limit increase. This note that the critical document signed by cial government bonds which, though they even more aggressive attempt to heighten Secretary Rubin triggering the disinvest- cannot be sold to the public, count officially the crisis atmosphere was not a preparation ment was typed without a date, which was as federal debt. By replacing these bonds for default, as it may have appeared to some only filled in by hand on the 15th of Novem- with unofficial IOUs, the Treasury Depart- at the time, but reflected the determination ber. ment can magically free some room beneath of Administration officials to maximize par- THE CLINTON BUDGET the debt ceiling, allowing it to borrow more tisan political advantage from the fallout The entire controversy over the debt limit money from bond markets. and confusion of the coming veto. arises from the preference of the Clinton Ad- On November 15th, Mr. Rubin did exactly The events of the last few days have made ministration for higher deficit spending and that. First, he drained all $21.5 billion from it clear that the Clinton Administration had debt accumulation. This was made clear in the so-called G-Fund, a voluntary pension prepared in advance to veto the debt limit the detailed budget submission made by plan for federal employees. He then author- and Continuing Resolution (CR) as the first President Clinton last February. Only after ized the Treasury to tap the Civil Service media event of the 1996 election campaign. the Congress acted in producing balanced Retirement (CSR) fund, for a further $39.8 As one Clinton Administration official stat- budget plans did Clinton attempt to cover billion. These two actions freed up enough ed on the front page of , himself by releasing a sketchy outline of cash to make a $25 billion interest payment ‘‘ ‘That’s his re-election campaign,’ an aide what he called a 10 year balanced budget on the government’s debts, and to cover its said. ‘He’s prepared to fight all winter on plan, but what in fact would have left $200 other debt operations for the rest of the that line.’ ’’ This statement exposes the Clin- billion deficits. A review of the official budg- year. After that, Mr. Rubin claims, a genuine ton Administration strategy to foster and et submission clearly shows how unimpor- cash crunch will occur. But since the CSR sharpen the confrontation over the veto of tant high deficit spending is to the Clinton fund is still sitting on another $300 billion in the debt limit and CR legislation to kick-off Administration. assets, this seems an empty threat. the President’s re-election effort, and keep The levels of deficit spending would hardly Even if Congress continues to play games its opponents off balance. Initially the Ad- be affected under the official February Clin- with the debt ceiling, a default will occur ministration had the upper hand because ton budget submission. The Clinton budget only if someone successfully challenged Mr. only it knew the exact timing and content of recommended deficits growing to a level of Rubin’s authority over the retirement funds. actions to be taken to evade the debt limit— $318 billion by 2002, with $2 trillion added to This is unlikely. For a start, few parties after distracting public opinion for months the national debt over the same period. The have an interest in doing battle. Republicans December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14895 would take the blame if they succeeded in not expect it to go anywhere then. The tion of ever putting it into effect. That triggering a default. And federal employees reason for that is that everybody is a shame. It does not bode well for would be unaffected by the Treasury’s she- knows that this is an absolutely ut- this body. It does not bode well for the nanigans: by law, all their assets must be re- terly irresponsible piece of legislation. people of the United States. But I hope placed, with interest, once the cash crunch has passed. The Secretary of Treasury yesterday that the people of the United States In any event, a legal challenge would be on appeared before a hearing, and I asked will insist that this is the type of be- shaky ground. In 1986, after a similar cash him pointblank, Mr. Secretary, what havior that should not continue and panic, Congress explicitly granted authority would have happened if this bill had that stealing from the trust fund, over the two funds to the treasury secretary passed on the suspension calendar on which is what is going on, has to cease. to help him pay off debts. And although Mr. November 14 when it was originally Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 Rubin would have to issue a series of bizarre voted on? Would the U.S. Government minutes to the distinguished gen- technical rulings to continue tapping the be in default today? tleman from Washington [Mr. CSR fund, there does not appear to be any legal obstacle to his doing so. And he told me in no uncertain METCALF]. So Americans need not worry that their terms, told all the Republicans and the Mr. METCALF. Mr. Speaker, there government will default, or that it will be Democrats, if this bill had passed on has been a lot of talk about the debt prevented from borrowing more. They do, November 14 when we first voted on it, limit. Of course, just to set the record however, face a fate that may be almost as the U.S. Government would be in de- straight, this is the permanent debt horrible: someday, the mountain of debt fault today and if it passes and be- limit, the permanent debt limit that might actually have to be repaid. comes law today, the U.S. Government we raise every 2 or 3 years and have Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 will be in default tomorrow. been for almost my whole lifetime. minutes to the gentleman from Hawaii So this is not about Social Security, They talk about default on the na- [Mr. ABERCROMBIE]. it is not about budget, it is not about tional debt and they worry about de- Mr. ABERCROMBIE. Mr. Speaker, the President, it is not about our chil- fault. Those are phony scare tactics those of our colleagues who are observ- dren. This is about the responsibility of and everybody knows that. As the Sec- ing and those in the gallery must think our Nation for a debt. retary of the Treasury was saying they are in a fantasy world, and I real- We talk about personal responsibil- those things, he was planning to loot ly do think that we should not have ity. This is public responsibility we are the retirement funds which he is now been taking this time to deal with talking about. We are talking about doing every day, looting them because what obviously is expected by our Re- our children, we want to set an exam- he knew that that would not happen. publican friends over here not to be ple for them to pay their debts. That is I just want Members to think for a passed, not to ever see the light of leg- what we want to set an example for. minute. What do the people in our dis- islative day, and yet they got up and And this bill simply sets a terrible, ter- tricts think about this debt limit said, ‘‘We are here to protect Social Se- rible example for our children. issue? How would they vote if they curity. This is a key vote. Everyone Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 could vote here today? They still be- should watch. We should not borrow minutes to the gentleman from Mis- lieve that there is some sanity left in- from our children.’’ sissippi [Mr. TAYLOR]. side the beltway. They are not thrilled I have here a copy of the Republican Mr. TAYLOR of Mississippi. Mr. about the constant raising of the per- budget. I can tell you exactly what is Speaker, I want to thank the gen- manent debt limit and I do not think going to happen. When the crocodile tleman for yielding me the time first of they would vote for any further in- tears were shed over here about the $5.2 all. It shows what a gentleman he is, creases. trillion public debt, let me tell you because he knows I am going to vote I think we have to take a sound, what the Republican budget proposes against his position. But I also told careful look, think deeply on this issue for the year 2002, 7 years from now, $6.8 him that I was going to tell the truth and only when certain that we are on trillion in public debt. I will tell you about this proposal. the track of a balanced budget, then we what the debt increase is going to be. The truth of the matter is, and I just can carefully raise this debt limit, and It is going to be $300 billion this year, got off the phone with the Congres- if it is not for the last time, this Na- and it is going to be another $185 bil- sional Budget Office, that the Repub- tion will probably not survive. If we lion in 2002. lican budget for 1996 will borrow over can do it this time and only with a bal- So where do you get off today, trying $100 billion from the trust funds to dis- anced budget in prospect, because this to stand up here and talk about what guise the true nature of the debt for cannot go on forever. you are taking from your children and the Republican budget for next year, This is the whole purpose of this tre- protecting the Social Security fund? which has recently been revised but as mendous effort to balance the budget. The Republican budget calls for looting recently as just a couple of weeks ago It is absolutely essential, and we will the Social Security trust fund of $636 was $296 billion. do it. billion plus interest over the next 7 That is money we do not have. It is Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield years in the illusion that they are bal- money that has to be borrowed. If we myself the balance of my time. ancing the budget. were not borrowing enough already, I The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. You intend to take from the Social will tell you how bad it is. In the 2 INGLIS of South Carolina). The gen- Security revenues in order to pay for minutes that the gentleman has grant- tleman from Florida is recognized for your budget over the next 7 years. To ed me to address this body, our Nation 55 seconds. come to this floor today and say you will spend $1 million on interest on the Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, we have are trying to protect it where the debt existing national debt. So that $296 bil- just wasted an hour around here. It has limit is concerned is the height of illu- lion is added on top of that. been kind of joyous on my part because sion. So the so-called Balanced Budget if we had not been wasting time on Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 Act, much ballyhooed in the ad in USA this, we might have been doing some- minutes to the gentleman from North Today, is all a ruse. I am going to hit thing bad around here. Carolina [Mr. WATT]. the Republican Party with a demand This is the most irresponsible piece Mr. WATT of North Carolina. I thank letter for the $1 million they promised of legislation I have ever seen. This is the gentleman for yielding me the to the first person who could disprove not like a couple of weeks ago when we time. they had a balanced budget, because closed down the Grand Canyon and the Mr. Speaker, I really am glad that the Congressional Budget Office has Washington Monument, laid off the this is not a serious vote that we are just told us that the annual operating nonessential people, whoever they may about to take. My colleagues ought to deficit first is over $180 billion of regu- be. be clear on that. Neither the Repub- lar funds, and then they are going to This just closes the whole place licans nor the Democrats, I guess, ex- disguise another $100 billion by borrow- down, irrespective, the troops in pect this bill to go anywhere. ing from the trust fund. Bosnia, the people that are guarding It was on the suspension calendar on The bill before us today is good pol- the Federal prisons, the FBI, the IRS. November 14 or November 15. They did icy. The problem is they have no inten- A lot of people would like to close H 14896 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 them down. The whole place. You can- et negotiations is clearly ludicrous and grossly berÐin layman's terms, we run out of money not honor any checks. No airplanes irresponsible. to borrow on our credit line. At the time the could fly. That is responsibility. In all my experience in Congress, I have no administration claimed that not giving this This has got to be the stupidest thing doubt that this body has never considered a Congress more credit would result in a disas- I have ever seen in all my years here on more important piece of legislation than bal- trous financial collapse in the markets. this congressional floor. There is no ancing our budget. However, I am deeply con- As predicted by many of those private citi- mileage in closing this government cerned about what I consider reckless talk, zens who actually spend their day-to-day time down. It is like taking a bunch of bro- which may portend even more reckless action, in the business of monitoring the securities ken bottles and trying to juggle them. on the debt ceiling. and bonds markets, the market did not re- You are going to get cut every time On November 15, the New York Times re- spond negatively. In fact the bond market you do it. ported that European Central Bankers are in- soared to record heights anticipating that the If you do not like what the Secretary creasingly alarmed by the prospect of a U.S. Federal Government would actually reach a of the Treasury is doing, the courts are default. According to the Times ``IBCA Ltd. of balanced budget agreement for the first time still open. Go sue him. But do not come London, the leading European Credit-Rating in over 26 years. here to the floor. He is not doing any- agency, placed the United States on its rating By not increasing the debt limit, it was thing wrong. If he is doing anything watch listing for possible downgrading from its hoped by Members of both parties who wrong, why do we need to change the current AAA status.'' This action follows on the strongly support balancing the budget, that law? You have got plenty of remedies. heels of a decision by standard and Poors to this perceived dilemma would help to get the Ask the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. issue a highly unusual warning to our Govern- administration to the bargaining table. HUDE]. He can tell you. ment that the faith of investors, and I quote, This was not a game of Russian roulette or Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I yield my- ``has to some degree, been diminished'' by the political gamesmanship as some have self the balance of my time. threats of imminent default. claimed. In fact, this was another demonstra- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- In a recent letter to Speaker GINGRICH, I re- tion of how strongly the new majority in this tleman from Florida is recognized for minded him that, as a student of the history of Congress holds its principled position of bal- ancing the budget. We are morally obligated 21⁄2 minutes. this great country, we have not defaulted on Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, we have had its financial obligations in 219 years in a man- as well as politically obligated as the holders a long debate, a period of 1 hour. We ner which we seem to be heading toward. I of the purse to bring about the goal of a bal- have had speaker after speaker from submit that the full faith and credit of the Unit- anced budget. However, those in the Clinton administration the Democrat side to come down to the ed States must not be jeopardized. Default continue their waffling over their position on floor and say what my friend from could set off a chain of economic events, at the balanced budget. Indeed their inconsist- Florida just said about we would not be home and abroad, that would undermine the ency in action on this point is one of the rea- able to pay the troops in Bosnia. safety and soundness of the world's financial sons we are here today. We are not talking about closing markets. It would be irresponsible and cata- The day after the debt limit was reached down the taxing authority of this coun- strophic for this Government to permit this. and the Clinton administration ran out of try. We are not talking about stopping Therefore, as Republicans dedicated to fis- money to spend on its pet projects, the Treas- the other revenue flows that are al- cal responsibility and protecting the economic ury Secretary defied all political and economic ready in place coming into this coun- future of our grandchildren, we must take the logic by dipping into the social security, mili- try. We are simply talking about one responsible action to increase the debt ceiling tary retirement, and civil service trust funds for simple truth that I think we as Mem- and not use the threat of default as a lever to a little more spending money. I am amazed bers of this body are duty bound to pro- force negotiations. What are we, a third world that some Member on the other side of the tect. That is, the constitutional right country? aisle have actually come to the floor this which is reserved to this body and the This having been said, I do have some res- morning claiming that there was nothing wrong Senate for expenditure of funds and for ervations about dipping into the civil service with this practice. I strongly disagree and borrowing money. retirement and disability fund, Government Se- would contend that it amounts to parents dip- curities investment fund as well as the Federal b 1300 ping into their children's college tuition savings Employees Retirement System, despite Treas- account to go to the movies over the week- What we are trying to do here is to ury's assertions that, and I quote, ``the bene- close a loophole, a loophole that has end. Yes, their may be money available but no ficiaries ofÐthese fundsÐwill suffer no ad- that money is going to have to be paid back not been the exclusive domain of the verse consequences whatsoever from these with interest and yes that is an end-run around Democrat administration. Previous Re- actions. There are appropriate questions to be the debt limit. publican administrations have sought asked today as well as one regarding the So- This bill before us today would stop these out and used this loophole, but this cial Security trust fund. end-run shenanigans. It would put the man- loophole circumvents the rights of this Although there is precedent to take these agement of the Nation's securities back on top Congress. I am not going to sit by idly actions, especially during the Reagan adminis- of the table, out in front so that everyone can and watch us default on our debt. That tration, it is sad that Treasury is being forced see. It would outlaw this despicable attempt at is not what this argument is about. to invoke such extraordinary remedies to defying the will of the branch of GovernmentÐ This argument is about can the admin- honor the existing obligations of the United CongressÐtasked by the Founding Fathers istration, do they have a loophole, and States Government. And I will tell you that with the responsibility for controlling the Na- believe me. Constitutional scholars these views are being voiced loud and clear tion's purse. will debate this question, but this by several economic experts that I truly re- H.R. 2126 would prevent the Treasury Sec- clears it up. They will not have the au- spect and who have testified before the Finan- retary from pulling money out of the Social Se- thority to circumvent the Constitution cial Institutions Subcommittee, which I chair, curity Trust Funds, the civil service retirement which very clearly provides that bor- particularly former Federal Reserve Chairman fund, the military retirement fund, the unem- rowing money and spending money is a Paul Volcker, current Federal Reserve Chair- ployment trust fund, the railroad retirement prerogative of this Congress. man Alan Greenspan and Robert Hormats, the fund, the black lung disability trust fund and So, Mr. Speaker, I would ask all the former Assistant Secretary of State for Eco- the defense education and post Vietnam era Members to stand up for the rights of nomic Affairs in the Reagan administration veterans education trust fund. Each of these the Congress as set forth in the Con- and current vice chairman of Goldman Sachs. are targeted with tax dollars for specific pur- stitution, close this loophole, vote Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, I rise in poses and should remain intact so that the ‘‘yes’’ on this most important bill. strong support of H.R. 2621, the Trust Fund Government can stand behind its obligations. Mrs. ROUKEMA. I must rise in strong oppo- Protection Act and commend the chairman of In closing, Mr. Speaker, I would only ob- sition to H.R. 2621. I firmly believe that exist- the Ways and Means Committee for his and serve that from all the squawking and carrying ing law already protects the trust funds cov- the committee's persistence in their patrolling on in Washington over the pains of balancing ered by this legislation. In addition, there is of the financing schemes of this administra- the budget some may get the impression that clear evidence that this legislation would trig- tion. the Democrat party never heard all the ger a default on the U.S. Governments current Let's be clear about what we are talking squawking back home on main street America debt obligations. Any suggestion that this type about. The United States ran up against the over the past 25 years with this Congress re- of action should be used in our ongoing budg- statutorily established debt limit in Novem- fused to balance the budget. December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14897 Well my friends, its time to put up or shut (1) may use the social security trust funds The President is not going to be up and Republicans were the first one's to put only for purposes of paying social security blackmailed by this kind of shenani- up a balanced budget and the American peo- benefits as he did in December 1995 when he gans. No President in his right mind followed the normal redemption and invest- would ever sign this bill, it will prob- ple have put up with Democrat political, fiscal ment policies used to pay social security and immoral shenanigans with the people's benefits by redeeming— ably never get out of the other body, money long enough. (A) on December 1, 1995, $16.8 billion in se- and we have wasted another couple of Support the bill and balance the budget. curities to pay direct-deposit social security hours here talking about it. Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, if enacted, this bill benefits, and But who knows? We may have done would cause the immediate default of the Unit- (B) on December 6 and 7, 1995, $9.4 billion to something worse had we not been on ed States. pay social security benefits paid by check, this matter for so long. Instead of protecting Social Security pay- and Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance ments, it would delay January's benefit (2) shall continue the investment policies that he has followed since the debt ceiling of my time. checks. January's Social Security checks crisis began in November 1995 by continuing Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I rise in op- could not be paid until enough tax revenues to invest social security receipts in the so- position to the motion to recommit of- came in to pay all pervious unpaid Govern- cial security trust funds following his nor- fered by the gentleman from Florida ment checks which we defaulted on in Decem- mal procedures. [Mr. GIBBONS]. ber upon enactment of this bill. For the Na- (b) CIVIL SERVICE RETIREMENT FUNDS.—As The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- required by subsections (j), (k), and (l) of sec- tion's lower income seniors and disabled, Jan- tleman from Florida [Mr. SHAW] is rec- tion 8348 of title 5, United States Code, and uary would be a cold and frightening month. ognized for 5 minutes. If we have immediate default, people who subsections (g) and (h) of section 8438 of such title, the Secretary of the Treasury may uti- Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, a motion to seek to cash their savings bonds will be told lize the civil service retirement funds to recommit simply legitimizes what is to wait. Families that have bought savings avoid Government default in times of a going on now. Let me read for my col- bondsÐas we have begged them to doÐto forced debt ceiling crisis, and shall restore leagues a provision, and I, as a lawyer, save for January college tuitions would be in those funds fully, including interest, as re- have never read this in the law, any- limbo. quired by those subsections. thing that is drafted such as this. It Why? Because the Republicans are insist- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The says: ing on a budget bill that includes massive tax Chair recognizes the gentleman from The Treasury shall continue the invest- breaks for the very upper income. Florida [Mr. GIBBONS] for 5 minutes in ment policy that he has followed since the Retroactive capital gains breaks will provide support of his motion to recommit. debt-ceiling crisis began in November of 1995 billions to the very wealthiest in our society, Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I think by continuing to invest Social Security re- while we create delays and uncertainty for everybody realizes we got a charade ceipts in the Social Security trust fund fol- those dependent on retirement checks. going on down here today, and this mo- lowing his normal procedures. The wealthiest 1 percent will get an average tion to recommit just says what should Now can my colleagues imagine try- $90,000 in estate tax reliefÐwhile millions will be done and what the current law is on ing to unravel that 15–20 years from be told that we can't cash their savings bonds this, and it pays tribute to the Sec- now, about going back and seeing what on Social Security checks. retary of the Treasury for having fol- one Secretary of the Treasury was The top 1 percent of families, whose income lowed faithfully the laws that the Con- doing. It personalizes the existing averages $651,274, will receive $8,231 in tax gress has provided for him in this debt Treasurer into law. I have never seen breaks in the year 2002 under their tax billÐ management procedure that is going that happen before. but the Republican majority will default on this through with it. The Secretary of the Then I would say particularly to my winter's earned income tax credits. Treasury is a very honest, responsible, friends from Maryland and from Vir- Default would be a stain on this Nation's and honorable man, and he has used ginia this is something they should 220 year financial history. The Republican the law, as we have provided for him to look at very, very cautiously. We have budget prioritiesÐmaking the rich richer and do, in the circumstances that he found continued to see, and these particular the poor poorerÐare a stain on our Nation's himself in. Members, as well as the Delegate from moral history. Mr. Speaker, this is just an attempt the District of Columbia, come to this Please defeat this terribly disruptive bill. by the gentleman from Georgia [Mr. floor and protect Federal employees. Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance GINGRICH] and company, the Speaker Federal employees should be offended of my time. by this motion to recommit because it The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. and company, to force the President and the Congress to do something that simply says that the Federal retire- INGLIS of South Carolina). Pursuant to ment fund now becomes a piggy bank House Resolution 293, the previous they have not got the political author- that the Treasurer can dip into as he question is ordered on the bill as ity to do: to make a bad deal. Everybody knows that this balanced sees fit. amended. The question is on the engrossment budget that we hear so much about is Do not take my word for it. Read and third reading of the bill. being balanced on the backs of the chil- page 2 of the bill which says the civil The bill was ordered to be engrossed dren of the United States, of the sick, service retirement fund, and it just and read a third time, and was read the of the poor, of the aged, and that is not goes a very short paragraph, and there third time. the proper way to do it. We need to bal- is no way that these Members, or any of us that are concerned about Federal MOTION TO RECOMMIT OFFERED BY MR. GIBBONS ance the budget, but we do not need to Mr. GIBBONS. I offer a motion to re- pick out the victims as our Republican retirees, that we could possibly vote commit. friends have. for this motion to recommit. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is the No amount of talk here, no amount Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he gentleman opposed to the bill? of obfuscation on this floor, can dis- may consume to the gentleman from Mr. GIBBONS. Yes, Mr. Speaker. guise the fact that, while a balanced Alabama [Mr. BACHUS]. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The budget is desirable, the manner in Mr. BACHUS. I thank the gentleman Clerk will report the motion to recom- which it is being balanced is just not from Florida for yielding. mit. the American way to do it. We have al- Mr. Speaker, this motion to recom- The Clerk read as follows: ways been mindful of the needs of oth- mit ought to take our colleagues’ Mr. GIBBONS moves to recommit the bill ers, we have always realized that some breath away. It is an incredible pro- H.R. 2621 to the Committee on Ways and people are not born in life as fortunate posal. First of all, it attacks Social Se- Means with instructions to report the same as others, and we have tried to com- curity. While claiming to protect So- back to the House forthwith with the follow- pensate that and make sure that Amer- cial Security, it, in fact, condones the ing amendment: ica is not only brave, and honest, and status quo which threatens Social Se- Strike all after the enacting clause and in- true, but is humane, and I regret that curity. sert the following: the Republican leadership has put this Every day in America, Mr. Speaker, SECTION 1. CONTINUATION OF REDEMPTION AND INVESTMENT POLICIES. Congress in a position of trying to do we pay Social Security, and it comes to (a) SOCIAL SECURITY TRUST FUNDS.—The something that it should not naturally the Treasury, not to the Social Secu- Secretary of the Treasury— do. rity fund, and then the Secretary fund, H 14898 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 and then the Secretary of the Treasury motion actually has the courage to say The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evi- forwards it on. He could conceivably that. dently, a quorum is not present. keep it overnight, and then invest it in By inference, this motion to recom- The Sergeant at Arms will notify ab- the Social Security fund. What if he is mit says something else. While claim- sent Members. up against the cap? Could he keep it a ing to protect Social Security, not Pursuant to the provisions of clause 5 few days or a week? Could he keep it a doing so, it also says in effect, that of rule XV, the Chair announces that month to pay beneficiaries and not in- with the other trust funds. We are he will reduce to a minimum of 5 min- vest it? Could he underinvest it? In the going at them full-speed. We are going utes the period of time within which a 1980’s the Secretary of the Treasury ac- to let the Secretary of Treasury ‘‘have vote by electronic device, if ordered, tually disinvested funds in the Social at them’’ with no protection whatso- will be taken on the question of pas- Security account, and he can legally do ever for the other trust funds. We are sage. so again. This motion to recommit going to let him continue to take The vote was taken by electronic de- does not address those vulnerabilities. money out of the Civil Service trust vice, and there were—yeas 190, nays Mr. Speaker, we are right now rely- funds and substitute IOU’s. 229, not voting 13, as follows: No protection for the other trust ing on President Clinton saying, ‘‘I’m [Roll No. 861] not going to disinvest or underinvest funds. Have at them, As for the Wall YEAS—190 the Social Security fund. Trust me.’’ Street Journal article saying he is not Secretary Rubin says the same thing. going to pay interest due to the Civil Abercrombie Gephardt Obey Ackerman Geren Olver Yesterday, before our committee he Service Retirement fund at year-end, Andrews Gibbons Ortiz said in effect, ‘‘You can count on the this motion to recommit says, ‘‘Fine. Baesler Gonzalez Orton President. He’s given you his word. He That’s okay. We are going to continue Baldacci Gordon Pallone to let you keep not paying interest.’’ Barcia Green Pastor won’t mess with the Social Security Barrett (WI) Gutierrez Payne (NJ) fund.’’ In other words, ‘‘You can trust I’ve heard reports that the Treasury Becerra Hall (OH) Payne (VA) the President. We won’t go after Social has looked at the Postal fund as a Beilenson Hall (TX) Pelosi Security.’’ source of addressing the debt ceiling. Bentsen Hamilton Peterson (FL) Berman Hastings (FL) Peterson (MN) What do all these promises tell us? It This motion to recommit says, ‘‘Have Bevill Hefner Pickett tells us that we are relying on just at the Postal fund.’’ How about the Bishop Hilliard Pomeroy that: promises. ‘‘Trust me.’’ We don’t Bank Insurance fund? Are they looking Bonior Hinchey Poshard at that fund? Little old ladies CD’s Borski Holden Rahall need to rely on promises. The Amer- Brewster Hoyer Rangel ican people don’t need to rely on politi- down at the bank. They think they are Browder Jackson-Lee Reed cal promises to protect Social Secu- federally insured. They trust there is a Brown (CA) (TX) Richardson rity. Instead what we need is legisla- federal insurance backed up by a trust Brown (FL) Jacobs Rivers fund that will make any losses good. Brown (OH) Jefferson Rose tion which says, ‘‘No, it is a trust fund. Bryant (TX) Johnson (SD) Roukema It ought to go into the fund, and it What do we say about the Bank Insur- Cardin Johnson, E.B. Roybal-Allard ought to stay in the fund, and the fund ance fund if Treasury decides to go Chapman Johnston Rush after it? This motion to recommit says, Clay Kanjorski Sabo should be fully invested.’’ That’s what Clayton Kaptur Sanders we need. Not promises and assurances ‘‘Go to it. Have at it.’’ Clement Kennedy (MA) Sawyer but a legal requirement and that’s Mr. Speaker, this legislation says a Clyburn Kennedy (RI) Schroeder what this legislation gives us. On the trust fund is just that. The people that Coleman Kennelly Schumer deposit their money in the fund trust Collins (IL) Kildee Scott other hand, this motion to recommit Collins (MI) Kleczka Serrano gives us no legal safeguard, only assur- you not to take it out. They make pay- Condit Klink Sisisky ance that the President and the sec- ments to that fund and they trust you Conyers LaFalce Skaggs retary’s current policies and promises to put it in. That’s the ‘‘trust.’’ Sec- Costello Lantos Skelton ond, it is a fund, not an IOU. A trust Coyne Levin Slaughter to protect Social Security will be con- Cramer Lewis (GA) Spratt tinued. fund. This motion to recommit says Danner Lincoln Stark I cannot believe that my colleagues this about the trust fund, ‘‘No trust de la Garza Lipinski Stenholm would present this motion to recommit and no funds.’’ And for all this DeFazio Lofgren Stokes underinvestment, raids, IOU’s, ac- DeLauro Lowey Studds as an attempt to protect Social Secu- Dellums Luther Stupak rity, and ask that this legislation be counting entries and gimmicks, keep Deutsch Maloney Tanner recommitted to protect Social Secu- on keeping on. This motion to recom- Dicks Manton Taylor (MS) mit puts a big seal of approval on all Dingell Markey Tejeda rity. What is even more astonishing is Dixon Martinez Thompson what they have actually put in writing this chicanery. Vote against this mo- Doggett Mascara Thornton in this motion to recommit. They actu- tion to recommit and for the underly- Dooley Matsui Thurman ing legislation. Vote for trust funds Doyle McCarthy Torres ally have written in words in this mo- Durbin McDermott Torricelli tion to recommit that they are going which have both trust and funds. Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, in closing I Edwards McHale Towns to allow the Secretary of Treasury to Engel McNulty Velazquez would say to all of my colleagues on continue his current policies. Policies Eshoo Meehan Vento both sides of the aisle let us not dele- Evans Meek Visclosky which have led him to disinvest more gate our authority given to us by the Farr Menendez Volkmer than $39 billion of the Civil Service Re- Fattah Miller (CA) Ward Constitution to this administration or tirement Fund. Policies which have al- Fazio Minge Waters to future administrations. Vote no on Fields (LA) Mink Watt (NC) lowed him not to reinvest the entire the motion to recommit and yes on the Filner Moakley Waxman $21.5 billion voluntary pension fund. bill. Flake Mollohan Williams Policies which Wall Street Journal Foglietta Montgomery Wise Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance yesterday reported will allow him—and Ford Moran Woolsey of my time. Frank (MA) Murtha Wyden he actually proposes to—delay the pay- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without Frost Nadler Wynn ment of $14.5 billion in interest due the objection, the previous question is or- Furse Neal Yates Gejdenson Oberstar Civil Service Retirement Fund. Polices dered on the motion to recommit. have allowed and will allow the Sec- There was no objection. NAYS—229 retary of Treasury to substitute IOU’s The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Allard Bateman Bunn for interest-bearing treasury securi- question is on the motion to recommit. Archer Bereuter Bunning ties. That is incredible. Not only that, The question was taken; and the Armey Bilbray Burr Bachus Bilirakis Burton this motion to recommit actually puts Speaker pro tempore announced that Baker (CA) Bliley Buyer the stamp of approval on all these ac- the noes appeared to have it. Baker (LA) Blute Callahan tivities. It says that the Secretary of Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I object Ballenger Boehlert Calvert Treasury can continue to use Civil to the vote on the ground that a Barr Boehner Camp Barrett (NE) Bonilla Canady Service Retirement funds to pay the quorum is not present and make the Bartlett Bono Castle obligations of government. It is right point of order that a quorum is not Barton Brownback Chabot here in the motion to recommit. The present. Bass Bryant (TN) Chambliss December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14899 Chenoweth Hobson Porter The vote was taken by electronic de- Eshoo Luther Reed Christensen Hoekstra Portman Ford Maloney Rivers Chrysler Hoke Pryce vice, and there were—ayes 235, noes 103, Frost Manton Rose Clinger Horn Quillen answered ‘‘present’’ 77, not voting 17, Gejdenson Markey Roukema Coble Hostettler Quinn as follows: Gephardt Mascara Sabo Coburn Houghton Radanovich Geren McCarthy Sawyer Collins (GA) Hunter Ramstad [Roll No. 862] Gibbons McHale Schumer Combest Hutchinson Regula AYES—235 Gonzalez McNulty Sisisky Cooley Hyde Riggs Gordon Meehan Skaggs Allard Funderburk Myrick Cox Inglis Roberts Hall (OH) Minge Skelton Archer Gallegly Nethercutt Crane Istook Roemer Hamilton Mollohan Slaughter Armey Ganske Neumann Crapo Johnson (CT) Rogers Hefner Moran Spratt Bachus Gekas Ney Cremeans Johnson, Sam Rohrabacher Hoyer Murtha Stenholm Baker (CA) Gilchrest Norwood Cubin Jones Roth Johnston Nadler Studds Baker (LA) Gillmor Nussle Cunningham Kasich Royce Kanjorski Neal Stupak Ballenger Gilman Oxley Davis Kelly Salmon Kaptur Obey Tanner Barr Goodlatte Packard Deal Kim Sanford Kennedy (MA) Olver Thornton Barrett (NE) Goodling Parker DeLay King Saxton Kennelly Orton Thurman Bartlett Goss Paxon Diaz-Balart Kingston Scarborough Kildee Pallone Torricelli Barton Graham Peterson (MN) Dickey Klug Schaefer Kleczka Payne (VA) Vento Bass Greenwood Petri Doolittle Knollenberg Schiff Klink Peterson (FL) Visclosky Bateman Gunderson Pombo Dornan Kolbe Seastrand LaFalce Pickett Volkmer Bereuter Gutknecht Porter Dreier LaHood Sensenbrenner Levin Pomeroy Wyden Bilbray Hall (TX) Portman Duncan Largent Shadegg Lincoln Poshard Bilirakis Hancock Pryce Dunn Latham Shaw Lowey Rahall Bliley Hastert Quillen Ehlers LaTourette Shays Blute Hastings (WA) Quinn Ehrlich Laughlin Shuster ANSWERED ‘‘PRESENT’’—77 Boehlert Hayes Radanovich English Lazio Skeen Abercrombie Furse Payne (NJ) Boehner Hayworth Ramstad Ensign Leach Smith (MI) Becerra Green Pelosi Bonilla Hefley Regula Everett Lewis (CA) Smith (NJ) Bishop Gutierrez Rangel Bono Heineman Riggs Ewing Lewis (KY) Smith (TX) Brown (CA) Hastings (FL) Richardson Brownback Herger Roberts Fawell Lightfoot Smith (WA) Brown (FL) Hilliard Roybal-Allard Bryant (TN) Hilleary Roemer Fields (TX) Linder Solomon Clay Hinchey Rush Bunn Hobson Rogers Flanagan Livingston Souder Clayton Jackson-Lee Sanders Bunning Hoekstra Rohrabacher Foley LoBiondo Stearns Clyburn (TX) Schroeder Burr Hoke Roth Forbes Longley Stockman Coleman Jacobs Scott Burton Holden Royce Fowler Lucas Stump Collins (IL) Jefferson Serrano Buyer Horn Salmon Fox Manzullo Talent Collins (MI) Johnson, E. B. Stark Callahan Hostettler Sanford Franks (CT) Martini Tate Conyers Kennedy (RI) Stokes Calvert Houghton Saxton Franks (NJ) McCollum Tauzin Coyne Lantos Tejeda Camp Hunter Scarborough Frelinghuysen McCrery Taylor (NC) de la Garza Lewis (GA) Thompson Canady Hutchinson Schaefer Frisa McDade Thomas DeFazio Lofgren Torres Castle Hyde Schiff Funderburk McHugh Thornberry Dellums Martinez Towns Chabot Inglis Seastrand Gallegly McIntosh Tiahrt Dixon Matsui Velazquez Chambliss Istook Sensenbrenner Ganske McKeon Torkildsen Engel McDermott Ward Chenoweth Johnson (CT) Shadegg Gekas Metcalf Traficant Evans Meek Waters Christensen Johnson (SD) Shaw Gilchrest Meyers Upton Farr Menendez Watt (NC) Chrysler Johnson, Sam Shays Gillmor Mica Vucanovich Fattah Miller (CA) Waxman Clinger Jones Shuster Gilman Miller (FL) Walker Fields (LA) Mink Williams Coble Kasich Skeen Goodlatte Molinari Walsh Filner Moakley Wise Coburn Kelly Smith (MI) Goodling Moorhead Wamp Flake Ortiz Woolsey Collins (GA) Kim Smith (NJ) Goss Morella Watts (OK) Foglietta Owens Wynn Combest King Smith (TX) Graham Myers Weldon (FL) Frank (MA) Pastor Yates Condit Kingston Smith (WA) Greenwood Myrick Weldon (PA) Cooley Klug Solomon Gunderson Nethercutt Weller NOT VOTING—17 Cox Knollenberg Souder Gutknecht Neumann White Boucher Lewis (CA) Ros-Lehtinen Crane Kolbe Spence Hancock Ney Whitfield Emerson Lipinski Thomas Crapo LaHood Stearns Hastert Norwood Wicker English McInnis Tucker Cremeans Largent Stockman Hastings (WA) Nussle Wolf Fazio McKinney Waldholtz Cubin Latham Stump Hayes Oxley Young (AK) Hansen Mfume Wilson Cunningham LaTourette Talent Hayworth Packard Young (FL) Harman Oberstar Davis Laughlin Tate Hefley Parker Zeliff Deal Lazio Tauzin Heineman Paxon Zimmer b DeLay Leach Taylor (MS) 1339 Herger Petri Diaz-Balart Lewis (KY) Taylor (NC) Hilleary Pombo The Clerk announced the following Dickey Lightfoot Thornberry pair: On this vote: NOT VOTING—13 Doggett Linder Tiahrt Doolittle Livingston Torkildsen Mr. McInnis for, with Ms. Harman against. Boucher McKinney Tucker Dornan LoBiondo Traficant Emerson Mfume Waldholtz Mr. FARR and Mr. COYNE changed Dreier Longley Upton Hansen Owens Wilson Duncan Lucas Vucanovich their vote from ‘‘no’’ to ‘‘present.’’ Harman Ros-Lehtinen Dunn Manzullo Walker So the bill was passed. The result of McInnis Spence Ehlers Martini Walsh the vote was announced as above re- b 1329 Ehrlich McCollum Wamp corded. Ensign McCrery Watts (OK) A motion to reconsider was laid on Messrs. MANZULLO, CHRISTEN- Everett McDade Weldon (FL) SEN, and ROEMER changed their vote Ewing McHugh Weldon (PA) the table. from ‘‘yea’’ to ‘‘nay.’’ Fawell McIntosh Weller f Messrs. KLECZKA, VENTO, HALL of Fields (TX) McKeon White Flanagan Metcalf Whitfield Texas, and LAFALCE changed their Foley Meyers Wicker PERSONAL EXPLANATION vote from ‘‘nay’’ to ‘‘yea.’’ Forbes Mica Wolf Mr. ENGLISH of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, So the motion to recommit was re- Fowler Miller (FL) Young (AK) Fox Molinari Young (FL) on rollcall No. 862, final passage of H.R. jected. 2621, I was unavoidably detained. Had I been The result of the vote was announced Franks (CT) Montgomery Zeliff Franks (NJ) Moorhead Zimmer present, I would have voted ``aye.'' as above recorded. Frelinghuysen Morella A motion to reconsider was laid on Frisa Myers f the table. The SPEAKER. The question is on NOES—103 GENERAL LEAVE passage of the bill. Ackerman Bonior Cramer Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani- The question was taken; and the Andrews Borski Danner Baesler Brewster DeLauro mous consent that all Members have 5 Speaker announced that the ayes ap- Baldacci Browder Deutsch legislative days in which to revise and peared to have it. Barcia Brown (OH) Dicks extend their remarks regarding H.R. RECORDED VOTE Barrett (WI) Bryant (TX) Dingell 2621, which has just passed this House. Beilenson Cardin Dooley The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I de- Bentsen Chapman Doyle mand a recorded vote. Berman Clement Durbin the request of the gentleman from A recorded vote was ordered. Bevill Costello Edwards Florida? H 14900 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 There was no objection. House, I am honored to be a servant of Mr. Speaker, in the time I have left, f this body. I would like to say that I share a I want to thank God, who has called dream, and I called it ‘‘I Too Have a SWEARING IN OF THE HONORABLE our family to public service and blessed Dream:’’ JESSE L. JACKSON, JR., OF ILLI- me with the ability and the will to That the southside will look like the NOIS AS A MEMBER OF THE serve. It is faith in God and the northside. HOUSE strength of my family that made this exalted position of service possible. That Rainbow Beach will look like Mr. GEPHARDT. Mr. Speaker, I ask North Avenue Beach. unanimous consent that the gentleman The Rainbow Coalition gave me the op- That the Dusable Museum will be from the State of Illinois, Mr. Jesse L. portunity to serve and grow. We must funded like the Field Museum. Jackson, Jr., be permitted to take the expand the Rainbow Spirit across the oath of office today. His certificate of land. We must let a new generation That southside and suburban chil- election has not arrived, but there is arise. I want to thank and acknowledge dren will receive funding like the no contest and no question has been my family—my wife Sandi, my parents, northside for parks, zoos, restaurants raised with regard to his election. Rev. and Mrs. Jesse Jackson, my sister and piers with ferris wheels. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Santita, my brother Jonathan and his That equal funding for education will the request of the gentleman from Illi- wife Marilyn, Yusef, and little Jackie, be a reality in this generation. nois? Grandma and Grandpa Brown, my grandmother Matilda Burns and Helen That more county money will be used There was no objection. for preschool and afternoon school pro- The SPEAKER. Will the Members of Jackson, who could not be present. My ambition and my focus is clear. I grams than incarceration programs. the Illinois delegation please escort the want to do God’s will, and I believe it It is my hope that I can look forward member-elect to the rostrum. to be His will that we lift the lot of suf- to working with Members of Congress, Mr. YATES. Mr. Speaker, as dean of fering humanity. Where there are walls and working with each and every one the Illinois delegation, it is my honor, that divide, we must build bridges and of you. Together, we must make the my very high honor and high privilege, bring peace to a war torn world, wheth- American dream possible for all of to present to the Speaker and to the er Bosnia or Nigeria. Americans, for America’s people. House of Representatives a newly I want to honor the citizens of the Thank you, and God bless you all. elected Congressman from the State of Second Congressional District of Illi- Illinois. He has taken the seat that was nois who entrusted me to represent f previously held by Mr. Mel Reynolds. them, to make the best case possible to The gentleman is eminently qualified improve the quality of life for all of b to enter upon this position, Mr. Speak- them. For those who voted for me, and 1345 er. He holds a degree as a Baptist min- those who did not, for those who were ister. He holds a degree as a practicing too young to vote, and for those who’ve DEMOCRATIC CAUCUS WELCOMES lawyer. He holds a degree as a Master given up on the vote, because they no JESSE JACKSON, JR. of Business Administration. He has longer dream or believe, that change spoken the length and breadth of the (Mr. GEPHARDT asked and was will come. given permission to address the House country in public addresses. He has en- I promised the seniors of my district for 1 minute.) gaged in all kinds of political activi- that I would fight to save their Medi- ties, which is to be expected when one care, and the youth of my district to Mr. GEPHARDT. Mr. Speaker, I rise realize the family which is his. save their scholarships. I promised to this morning on behalf of the entire I know that the people of Chicago, fight for affordable housing, to uplife Democratic Caucus to welcome the the people of his district, are very the conditions of people in Altgeld Gar- newest Member of the United States proud to have him as their new Mem- dens, Ginger Ridge, Ford Heights, and House of Representatives, JESSE JACK- ber of Congress from the city, and it is the many communities across my dis- SON, Jr., our colleague from the Second with that that I present him to you for trict, where living conditions have not Congressional District of Illinois. At 30 swearing in, Mr. Speaker. changed in two generations. They are years old, Mr. JACKSON will be one of The SPEAKER. Let me say to my not lazy, or welfare kings or queens, the youngest Members of the 104th friend from Illinois that I know the fa- they want to work, but they need the Congress. But what he lacks in age, he ther well and look forward very much opportunity to work. more than makes up in commitment to to getting to know the son. We are de- Last, I want to be a public servant justice and opportunity for the people lighted, I think all of us, to have you who is mostly known as a freedom of Illinois, Chicago, and all Americans. here. fighter of character in the best tradi- As field director for the National Mr. JACKSON of Illinois appeared at tion of Jesus The Christ, Martin Lu- Rainbow Coalition, he has been on the the bar of the House and took the oath ther King, Jr., Nelson Mandela and my front lines to fight for economic oppor- of office, as follows: dad, Jesse Jackson, Sr. Our character tunity in America’s cities and basic Do you solemnly swear that you will sup- is measured by how we treat the least equality and justice everywhere. When port and defend the Constitution of the Unit- of these. I will fight with all of my he ran for Congress this year, he ed States against all enemies, foreign and might for a public policy that will wipe pledged to dedicate himself to the kind domestic; that you will bear true faith and out malnutrition and save the mal- of issues that are at the heart of the allegiance to the same; that you take this nourished. A public policy of full em- Democratic Party and America. Pro- obligation freely, without any mental res- ployment, healthcare, housing, and an ervation or purpose of evasion, and that you tecting Medicare and Medicaid, raising education safety net for all of the the minimum wage, creating jobs, and will well and faithfully discharge the duties American people. I want to defend the of the office on which you are about to enter. fighting to heal the divisions that too So help you God? defenseless. I want them to dream often exist among races and between again and stop recycling nightmares. genders in our country. The SPEAKER. Congratulations, you We must choose schools instead of jails I am proud to serve with JESSE JACK- are now a Member of the Congress of for our future. Let the children dream. SON, Jr., and I know that he will do re- the United States. Let the seniors dream again. Let them markable things for the people of his f hope. Let them believe. Revive their district, bringing all of the energy, en- I TOO HAVE A DREAM spirits. Let all of us hope. I look forward to learning from you thusiasm, and dedication to bear on (Mr. JACKSON of Illinois asked and and to working with you. Together, we the problems we face. was given permission to address the must make the American Dream pos- So I say to the gentleman from Illi- House for 1 minute and to revise and sible for all of America’s people. Thank nois, welcome to the people’s House, extend his remarks.) you. and we all look forward to working Mr. JACKSON of Illinois. Mr. Speak- [The following portion was delivered with you as we together do the people’s er and distinguished Members of the in both English and Spanish.] business. December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14901 REPORT ON RESOLUTION WAIVING welcoming the newest Member to this United States House of Representa- POINTS OF ORDER AGAINST CON- House, JESSE JACKSON, Jr. I feel as if tives, together. FERENCE REPORT ON H.R. 1530, he, too, is my child. I feel as if he is my I will never forget the many trips we NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZA- son. I feel that way because I guess I made to Washington as young college TION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 1996 have known him, I have watched him students, and we would pass the House, Mr. SOLOMON, from the Committee grow up. I have worked very closely the Capitol, the United States Capitol, on rules, submitted a privileged report with his father and his mother. They and look at each other and say, one (Rept. No. 104–407) on the resolution (H. are my friends. day we will serve in the House of Rep- Res. 307) waiving points of order When he first indicated that he would resentatives together and shape na- against the conference report to ac- be running for this seat, I did every- tional public policy. company the bill (H.R. 1530) to author- thing that I could to encourage him, I recall the great words of Benjamin ize appropriations for fiscal year 1996 and I would like to thank all of my col- Mays when he said, ‘‘The calamity of for military activities of the Depart- leagues in this House who joined with life is not failing to reach your dream. ment of Defense, to prescribe military us in a tremendous effort to raise The calamity of life is having no personnel strengths for fiscal year 1996, money and to work in the district to dreams to reach for.’’ and for other purposes, which was re- ensure that JESSE JACKSON, Jr., could JESSE JACKSON, Jr., is not only a ferred to the House Calendar and or- be with us being sworn in today. dreamer but one who works night and dered to be printed. I am so proud of him, because he rep- day to accomplish his dreams. The peo- f resents everything that we want our ple of the Second Congressional Dis- children to be. I am so proud of him, trict of Chicago and young people all WELCOME TO JESSE JACKSON, JR. because oftentime there are these neg- across this Nation should be very proud (Mrs. COLLINS of Illinois asked and ative images of young African-Amer- to have such a great public servant like was given permission to address the ican men portrayed in the media. How- my friend and now my new colleague House for 1 minute.) ever, there are many young JESSE JESSE JACKSON, Jr. Mrs. COLLINS of Illinois. Mr. Speak- JACKSON, Jr.’s out there. A lot of peo- I welcome you, my friend, and to- er, I have known our new colleague for ple do not know about them. They do gether we will keep hope alive. a very long period of time and have not understand that there are children f worked with his parents for an ex- who have come from nurturing fami- A GREAT DAY tremely long period of time. I have lies, with the kind of support that watched him grow up in a very dis- could lead them here to this House and (Mr. RUSH asked and was given per- ciplined, loving household, one that to other things if but given the oppor- mission to address the House for 1 has been in the forefront of all of the tunity and the chance to do that. minute and to revise and extend his re- issues. I have particularly watched him And so JESSE JACKSON, Jr., stands marks.) grow up in an environment where his here today as a symbol to all of those Mr. RUSH. Mr. Speaker, I am very, very loving family has been one that young people out there who believe very proud today. Today is indeed a has been led by a freedom fighter, his that they can do it, that there can be great day for myself, for the people in father, the Rev. Jesse Jackson, and support for them realizing their the city of Chicago, the people of the who has been under the very loving dreams. Second Congressional District. Today care of his mother, Mrs. Jacqueline I am proud that he is here. I look for- is a day that is great for all of Amer- Jackson. ward to the leadership that he is going ica. Clearly here is a young man who to provide, not only in this House but b 1400 grew up sort of in the eye of a storm of throughout this Nation. liberation and a storm of good will that Let me just say this to my col- We must take pause today, Mr. was trying to be brought for our coun- leagues. JESSE JACKSON, Jr., will usher Speaker, to understand all that has try, and yet here is a young man who in a new generation of leadership in gone on in regards to JESSE JACKSON, is an example of what can happen to this country to deal with the problems Jr., being sworn in as a Member of Con- young people. that confront us all. So I want you to gress. I am absolutely so proud, and I Here is a young man who has never look at him today and look at him in am so appreciative of the work of the had a problem with drugs, a young man a new and different way. I want you to Jackson family. who has never had a problem with the understand what he symbolizes and You see, Mr. Speaker, about 25–26 law, a young man who has developed what he is going to mean, not only to years ago I had to call upon Jesse into a fine human being, one who has a this House but to all of America. Jackson, Sr. to save my very life. I great education, one who has been a I welcome you, JESSE JACKSON, Jr. I called him when I was on the run, when person who wanted to learn and to look forward to working with you, and police officers were out to kill me. grow. He epitomizes what America can let the message go forward to the Jesse Jackson did not hesitate to come do and what those of us who are con- young people out there, that they have to my assistance and to come to my cerned about the well-being of our got someone now who is going to reach aid. young people can hope to expect. out to them, bring them into these new I have seen JESSE JACKSON, Jr., from Let me say this. It has already been possibilities and show America the way a toddler up until an adult, and I can- discussed that he has a number of de- in which it should be going. not think of any more qualities that grees, a Bachelor’s degree from North f God could have invested in a single in- Carolina A&T University. He has a dividual than what he invested in WELCOME TO JESSE JACKSON, JR. Master’s from the Chicago Theological JESSE JACKSON, Jr. Seminary. He has a law degree from (Mr. FIELDS of Louisiana asked and Mr. Speaker, this young man, as you the University of Illinois. Believe me, was given permission to address the saw a brief indication of today, has he got a mandate from the Second Con- House for 1 minute and to revise and traveled the world, has been in the gressional District of Illinois, and has extend his remarks.) company of great individuals, individ- won two elections in 2 weeks, and we Mr. FIELDS of Louisiana. Mr. Speak- uals at the top of national govern- salute him. er, I rise to welcome to the House our ments, individuals who are, indeed, f newest Member and my long-time movers and shakers and history mak- friend JESSE JACKSON, Jr. I first met ers throughout the world. But the qual- JACKSON USHERS IN NEW ERA OF JESSE during his father’s 1984 presi- ity, the resounding quality that keeps LEADERSHIP dential campaign. During that time coming forward in terms of JESSE (Ms. WATERS asked and was given JESSE and I had the opportunity to reg- JACKSON, Jr., is not arrogance, is not a permission to address the House for 1 ister people to vote together, rally to- higher-than-thou or greater-than-thou minute.) gether, encourage young people to stay or holier-than-thou. The common char- Ms. WATERS. Mr. Speaker, I proudly in school together, and we always had acteristic that comes through in terms stand and join with my colleagues in the dream to serve in this House, the of JESSE JACKSON, Jr., is humility and H 14902 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 humbleness and willingness to work in Mr. BONIOR. I just say to my friend, be certain that I have, in fact, explored behalf of those individuals in this soci- the gentleman from Texas, I thank him every possibility of having that defini- ety who have no one to fight and to for his patience in order for us to have tive work before us before I close the work for them. He is, indeed, a great this colloquy. I appreciate his patience, door on Saturday and Sunday and en- person already at the age of 30, a re- and I would also like to yield now to courage people. markable man, a history maker. my friend, the gentlewoman from Cali- So for now, I would suggest to the Simply because of the fact that he fornia [Ms. LOFGREN], who I think has gentlewoman and to all of my col- can walk with kings and yet and still a concern about the weekend. leagues, if you have plans to try to go he can also be very comfortable to Ms. LOFGREN. If I may inquire, I am home for the weekend, that is some- walk and lead and participate and fight a freshman Member of this body, and thing that is, indeed, as these things for the common man, Mr. Speaker, this so perhaps this is the way things nor- are, very important to you and your House of Representatives will not be mally go, and I am certainly not op- family, do not cancel those plans. As the same because we have a humble in- posed to working hard. But I, as do soon as I can say something definitive, dividual, an individual who knows many parents in the Congress, have a I will. greatness and knows that greatness little boy who believes in Santa Claus. Mr. BONIOR. We thank the majority evolves as a direct byproduct of work- I am wondering when I will get to take leader for his understanding and his ing on behalf of common people. him to visit Santa Claus, and further, reading of what he sees possible this f when all of the wonderful things that weekend. We appreciate his concern. Santa Claus is going to bring him will Can the gentleman from Texas give LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM actually arrive. us an indication, if we leave for this (Mr. BONIOR asked and was given He did point out to me the other day weekend or tomorrow, when we will re- permission to address the House for 1 that we did not work last Friday and sume on Monday next? Mr. ARMEY. If the gentleman will minute and to revise and extend his re- we did not work this Monday, and we yield further, of course, again, if it is marks.) did not start working until late on possible, that is to say, unless I am Mr. BONIOR. I ask for this time to Tuesday, and now it is 2 o’clock and we otherwise compelled by compelling inquire of the distinguished majority are knocking it off for the day. leader about the schedule for today, to- My question is: Are we going to be work, I would try to enable the Mem- bers to have Saturday, Sunday, and, morrow, the weekend, and next week. working on Saturday to finish the ap- say, Monday until 5 free from any Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, will the propriations bills not yet done? If not, votes on the floor. gentleman yield? why are we leaving now so that myself Mr. BONIOR. I yield to the gen- Obviously, we all need this time. It is and the other parents might actually precious. And I would try to make it as tleman from Texas. get their children to visit Santa Claus? extended a period of time as possible Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, I would Mr. ARMEY. If the gentleman will and would change from Monday at 5 like to preface my comments by adding yield further, let me just thank the only if compelled by some work that I my congratulations to those that have gentlewoman for her observations. thought would justify the inconven- gone before me to the gentleman from It is a difficult time for all of us. I ience to the families. Illinois. It is always a great thrill to be am amazed at how many Members have Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Speaker, will the sworn in for the first time and to have children and grandchildren that are gentleman yield? your family here for the event. dancing in the Nutcracker Suite this Mr. BONIOR. I yield to the gen- Mr. Speaker, there will be no more weekend all across this Nation, and it tleman from Indiana. legislative business today. I would like is a matter of enormous consequence to Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Speaker, as the to take this opportunity to discuss the all of these families. leader knows, this has been a very dif- upcoming schedule for the remainder My governing principle, Mr. Speaker, ficult year on the schedule and its im- of the week. is to schedule work when it is ready, to pact upon families, on both sides of the Tomorrow, we plan to take up the move it as quickly as we can. We had aisle. And as we enter the holidays, Mr. conference report for H.R. 1530, the De- had other work scheduled for today. Leader, I would hope that we would partment of Defense Authorization Unfortunately, the bill that might have some indication as to how late we Act. There is also the possibility that have been under consideration at this are going to be going into the schedule the appropriations conference report time was withdrawn for reasons that next week. It is a very difficult time to for the District of Columbia will be are of the committee’s concerns. get plane reservations to fly back home ready for consideration tomorrow. We The defense appropriations bill is ob- to our home districts and see families should know more about that possibly viously something we must move to- and spend time with families at the later today and will, of course, keep morrow, and can do so. If we have no holiday. Members advised. work, that is, work that must be done Do you have some kind of indication As Members know, it has been 25 on Saturday or Sunday, and I am sure as to how long into the next week we days since the House passed our last the gentlewoman would agree with me, will be proceeding on the budget? CR. For over 3 weeks now we have been that should we approach an oppor- Mr. ARMEY. Again, let me make the waiting for the President to become en- tunity to complete the budget on Sat- observation, we are in very difficult, gaged in substantive discussions and urday or Sunday, I am sure she, as well very serious, and extremely important present his alternative plan to reach a as all the rest of the Members, would negotiations with heartfelt differences balanced budget in 7 years. Mr. Speak- more prefer to stay here and do that between the Congress and the White er, we are still waiting. We are eager to and finish out the year. House, and while I am confident that examine his alternative and to com- But short of that work on the week- everybody is trying to do their very, mence serious negotiations with the end, especially if it appears that we very best, and have my own hopes that President at the table. will be here working next week, it the week could be shorter instead of Mr. Speaker, if the President decides would be my intention, under whatever longer, I simply could not with any de- to get serious about these balanced parliamentary arrangements are pos- gree of reliability give any intimation budget negotiations, there may be a sible, for us to have no work on the to the Members other than to advise possibility of a short-term continuing floor on Saturday and Sunday, so that you to be prepared to stay for a long, resolution for the weekend. Obviously, those Members who are not otherwise hard work week throughout all of next we will know more about that this engaged, perhaps in a conference or week, with the hope that perhaps we afternoon after negotiations with the perhaps in the budget negotiations, could reach some agreement that administration today and tomorrow. could indeed grab a couple of days with would allow me to come on this floor Mr. Speaker, I should note that I will their families before we come back and and enjoy your appreciation with my be happy to engage in further discus- commence work on Monday. bringing of the good news, and I would sions tomorrow regarding details of the I wish I could be more specific and hope that would happen. schedule for next week. give Members a definitive answer right Mr. ROEMER. As the leader knows, I I thank the gentleman for yielding. now. But I think I owe it to all of us to want a balanced budget. I have been December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14903 working hard for the last 11 months to the serious consideration in the due sentence against its leading human achieve one, and certainly if we see course of time that is appropriate with- rights activist. The charge, according progress, which I hope we see more of in the traditions of this fine commit- to the People’s Republic of China, was in the ensuing days, we are willing to tee. overthrowing the government, over- work hard next week to achieve that Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, will throwing the government, and what did final outcome in a bipartisan manner. the gentleman yield? this man who is nominated by many in But as the leader knows, we also, if Mr. BONIOR. I yield to the gentle- this body for the Nobel Peace Prize do he could indicate to us, if that is going woman from . to cause the People’s Republic of China to be December 24 or 23, that is helpful Mrs. SCHROEDER. So I guess the to charge him, and convict him, and for us as we make plans. It is also help- other question is, though, when will sentence him for overthrowing the gov- ful for us in many ways as we try to this be acted on? Because the hope had ernment? Let me read from the Chinese plan out our work schedule and our been, by this unanimous decision of the Government statement about the con- family schedules. Committee on Standards of Official viction, quote: Mr. ARMEY. If the gentleman will Conduct to move on this, that it would The court’s investigation showed that Wei, yield further, I appreciate the point the be done before we went home. And in attempting to overthrow the government, gentleman makes. since we have all of this extra time and developed a plan of action which included es- If I may, Mr. Speaker, what I see and the budget has not been solved, is there tablishing an organization to raise funds to what we see expressed here, we have 435 anything blocking this from coming up support democratic movement activities. people here that share a commitment right now? Well, that is true enough. Wei to their families and a commitment to Mr. ARMEY. If the gentleman will Jingsheng has long been an advocate the Nation through their work here, yield further, I will just say to the gen- for democracy in the People’s Republic and we are all caught in a period of tlewoman, the bill is in the committee of China. He was a leader in the democ- dire consequences and serious stress, of jurisdiction. The committee of juris- racy wall movement which took its trying to find a way, as the gentleman diction has the jurisdiction. It is not at name from the wall near the city where from California [Mr. DELLUMS] said so all unusual, I dare say, every individ- democratic activists hung their pro- eloquently a few years back, to get ual Member who drops a bill in the freedom manifestos. He served over 14 home and love our children, and I can hopper does so with the sincere hope years in prison labor camps in China only say that insofar as I can do any- that it will be acted on immediately. where, according to reliable reports, he thing to accommodate the Members That rarely is the case, and there are was beaten and tortured. Now having and their families while also accommo- procedures known best to the commit- been out of prison for only a few dating to their sincere desire to com- tee, and I do not think it is appropriate months, Mr. Speaker, he was charged plete the year’s work in a responsible for me as a Member or as the majority and convicted again for promoting de- fashion, I will make that effort, and I leader to second-guess how a commit- mocracy. will try to keep the Members as ad- tee will exercise its jurisdiction. Let me read further from the govern- vised and as current as I can possibly I think we have committees, and ment’s statement: do with any certainty at any time. each committee has its own manner of He is responsible for purchasing news- Mr. BONIOR. I thank the gentleman papers, setting up a company in charge of or- operating, and I do not think that it ganizing cultural activities. for that, Mr. Leader. I just have one would be appropriate for me to specu- All of these things got him a prison final question. late on the manner in which this com- sentence, keep in mind, colleagues: Or- Two days ago the Committee on mittee nor any other committee would ganizing nongovernmental painting ex- Standards of Official Conduct con- dispense with a bill. ducted a rule change concerning the hibitions, performances, and publica- f book royalty issue. It is a long-overdue tions. reform. It was unanimously approved b 1415 Wei Jingsheng worked actively to by the committee. The chairwoman has implement the above plans, quoted the clearly indicated that the bill would be SPECIAL ORDERS Chinese Government. He bought 121⁄2 considered before the end of this ses- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. percent of the shares of an urban credit sion. INGLIS of South Carolina). cooperative in Beijing to start setting We are concerned by press reports we Under the Speaker’s announced pol- up a democracy movement bank, and saw in the paper this morning indicat- icy of May 12, 1995, and under a pre- he wrote and set an introduction to ing that the leadership on your side of vious order of the House, the following projects for assistance to people in the aisle may be blocking the commit- Members will be recognized for 5 min- charge of an overseas organization and tee’s unanimous recommendation, and utes each. asked for hundreds of thousands of U.S. dollars to fund his activities. He also I guess my question to you this after- f noon is will the Committee on Stand- registered a company in Hong Kong The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a ards of Official Conduct recommenda- and used the name of the company to previous order of the House, the gen- tion for immediate action be honored prepare art exhibitions in Beijing so as tleman from Washington [Mr. by the Republican leadership? And can to recruit people in organizations that METCALF] is recognized for 5 minutes. we see this bill within the next week? would be sympathetic to him. Wei Mr. ARMEY. I thank the gentleman [Mr. METCALF addressed the House. Jingsheng also secretly connected for your inquiry. His remarks will appear hereafter in some people both in China and abroad As the gentleman knows, a bill has the Extensions of Remarks.] to study struggle strategies, conspiring been drafted and has been submitted, f to unite the illegal organizations in assigned to the Committee on Rules. China, by which they mean the illegal The Committee on Rules has the bill WEI JINGSHENG’S SENTENCE pro-democracy organizations in China, under consideration, and I cannot tell The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a and act when the right moment comes. you with any degree of certainty what previous order of the House, the gen- He also used illegal means—now I am will be the dispatch of that bill by the tleman from California [Mr. COX] is again quoting from the People’s Repub- committee, but I am confident that the recognized for 5 minutes. lic of China official statement of yes- Committee on Rules will act on this Mr. COX of California. Mr. Speaker, terday: bill in full regard to its own fine tradi- yesterday the People’s Republic of ‘‘* * * and published a series of articles over- tions as a committee and the kind of China imposed a harsh new prison sen- seas to slander and attack the Chinese Gov- consideration that such legislation tence on its most prominent human ernment, the leadership of the Chinese Com- takes, and I have to tell you I have had rights campaigner, Wei Jingsheng. munist Party and the Socialist system, and to advocate the independence of Tibet, some- only a very, very brief discussion with Today the New York Times in trans- thing that another Nobel laureate, another the chairman of the Committee on lation has presented us with the rea- Nobel Peace Prize winner, is guilty of. He Rules and a discussion in which he has sons that the People’s Republic of and the enemy forces overseas, among which assured me that the bill would get all China has meted out this draconian we may number ourselves in this body, echo H 14904 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 each other and try to create publicity. Cer- ducted into this body with such a deep classmates and people who serve on the tainly that is worthy of a prison sentence, to sense of awe and respect not because Committee on Economic and Edu- overthrow the people’s democratic dictator- George Washington’s picture is in this cational Opportunities, you and I do ship, sabotage the Socialist system, and sep- body, not because In God We Trust is work in a bipartisan way on many oc- arate the country. above the flag here in this Chamber, casions, and I have a great amount of Wei Jingsheng will be in jail for an- but because Members treat each other respect for you. When we had the Per- other 14 years, and the response from with respect, and although we had dis- sian Gulf debate, and as a former war the Clinton administration has been agreement on the timing of going to hero, you have added a great deal to deafening. One of our Democratic col- war, everybody respected the dif- the debate we have had on military leagues said yesterday, ‘‘I think the ad- ferences in opinion, and everybody was matters. ministration policy is a dismal failure a patriot. in every respect, and I think the sen- I just have a deep, deep regret and a Last night’s debate did not include heavy heart when we have the kind of tence is a slap in the face.’’ The New that kind of respect, and I want to con- York Times notes today that the Clin- lack of civility that took place in the clude, Mr. Speaker, on a quote from body last night on a unanimous-con- ton administration, while criticizing Speaker Joe Cannon who once said: China, stopped conspicuously short of sent motion, on a resolution support- It is true we engage in fierce combat, we ing not the mission—with which I dis- threatening specific retaliatory action. are often intense partisans, sometimes we Mr. Speaker, even our Assistant Sec- are unfair, not infrequently unjust, brutal at agree—in Bosnia, but the confidence in retary of State for Human Rights said times, and yet I venture to say, taken as a our troops and the support for our only, ‘‘We urge the Chinese authorities whole the House is sound at heart. Nowhere troops, which I wholly agree with. I to show clemency.’’ Clemency, col- else will you find such a ready appreciation would hope that we could have agreed of merit and character. In few gatherings in to that unanimous consent last night. leagues, is due someone who is guilty. equal size is there so little jealousy and Wei Jingsheng is innocent, he is an in- envy. Mr. CUNNINGHAM. I thank the gen- tleman. nocent man wrongly charged, and this I think the first part of that state- body, Democrats and Republicans ment is very true, Mr. Speaker. We do Mr. Speaker, what I want to talk alike, should band together in his sup- have fierce partisanship at times, but about a little today, and I do not have port. we should always have the nature and time to do it fully, and it is not on a f character of civility which is reflected partisan issue, is that many of us voted last night on our consciences, and feel- TREATING OUR FELLOW MEMBERS in our rules come to the foremost, be ing that we were doing the best thing WITH RESPECT held at the highest respect and esteem for all Members, and that we continue for our troops overseas. My concern, as The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a to work in a bipartisan way for what is I stated, is not the votes last night, Mr. previous order of the House, the gen- best for the American people. Speaker. My concern is what comes in tleman from Indiana [Mr. ROEMER] is f the future, that we hear people say recognized for 5 minutes. they want to support the troops, they Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Speaker, I rise b 1415 want to make sure that they do not today to talk very briefly about some- FUNDING AMERICA’S DEFENSE come back in body bags; that they thing that is concerning me very deep- PROGRAM come back. ly, especially in light of some of the de- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. There are legitimate issues on how bate or lack of debate that took place KIM). Under a previous order of the much we should spend for defense and in this Chamber last night on the House, the gentleman from California how much not. But remember when the Bosnian question. [Mr. CUNNINGHAM] is recognized for 5 President ran in his campaign, he said President Bush referred to a growing minutes. a $50 billion defense cut would put us mood on Capitol Hill as a climate of Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, I into a hollow force, and then in his ugliness, and President Thomas Jeffer- would like to associate myself with the first tax bill would put us at a $177 bil- son talked about, when he wrote the remarks of my friend, the gentleman lion defense deficit, would decrease de- manual that we all read as new Mem- from Indiana [Mr. ROEMER]. I think he fense. bers of Congress and try to refresh our was right on the ball. I do not nec- Because of some of the different envi- memories about the rules of civility essarily agree with the strategy or the and comity in this body; we all read ronments we go to in the world, with tactics used by the House, and I prob- Haiti and Somalia, the different areas, Thomas Jefferson’s words, and he stat- ably would have supported the amend- ed, and I quote: and I am not going to go through the ment offered by the gentleman from negative of those, but it has put us It is very material that order, decency and Indiana [Mr. HAMILTON] if it had—I did even further below what the require- regularity be preserved in a dignified public not fight to get that unanimous con- body. ments of defense are. GAO has said we sent removed. are $200 billion below the bottoms-up Mr. Speaker, I think that as the de- As I stated in my opening remarks review. The bottoms-up review was, re- bate spirals downward at times and last night, I thought all the Members member, drafted by then-Secretary Les people resort to the temptation of across the board had good intentions in Aspin and the President to see what name-calling, and finger-pointing, and this thing. I would support that. I our needs would be to be able to fight fisticuffs rather than camaraderie, and would also tell my friend that quite two conflicts, and the minimum we civility, and community, that we not often when we sit on this side of the would need to be able to do that. When only hurt bipartisanship in this body aisle, we feel that there is a lot of mis- you are $200 billion below that, then it now and in the future, but I think we information on Medicare, that there tells you that you need to put some tear at the fabric of what Americans are no cuts and different things, and a more dollars into national security for deeply respect about this institution different way to get to education, and this country. and what they want us to do today, and it is difficult to come to those terms that is to work together to solve some sometimes when you are getting Some people on the debate tomorrow of our problems in a bipartisan way on slammed down on the ground all the will say that there is more in this De- the budget, on making Congress work time. I would work, and I know the fense authorization bill than the Presi- more efficiently and effectively, of gentleman does, and I know how he dent asked for. This is true. But as I downsizing Government, particularly works, and I know that he himself take a look, let me give you a couple of committees and subcommittees here in would do that. The problem sometimes examples. this body, and that we can do it in a is with leadership. I would work with The F–15 Strike Eagle, the Air Force civil manner, being civil to one an- the gentleman. has not bought a single airplane in 3 other. Let me go to the issue that I want to years because of the budget. They are My very first vote, Mr. Speaker, 41⁄2 talk about. using the F–15 Strike Eagles in Bosnia years ago as a new Member of Congress Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Speaker, if the today, out of Italy and other places. was on the Persian Gulf, and I was in- gentleman will yield, I would say, as They are also using the F–16. The Navy December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14905 is using the F–18 CD, which is the lat- rule on book royalties was referred not the Speaker’s book contract with Ru- est model. The service life on those air- by just a Democrat, or not just by a pert Murdoch. So apparently we are planes is coming due and there is no re- Republican, but by the unanimous vote going to approach this week, we are placement for them. of an equally divided committee, half going to approach next week, we are In this budget that is coming up to- Republicans and half Democrats, the going to approach the end of 1995, and morrow, what we do is replace some of House Ethics Committee asked for a have no real ethics reform. the life cycle in the aircraft that we unanimous rule, or asked for a rule Let me make it clear, Mr. Speaker, have been using prior to that in Bosnia unanimously, I might say, to be in ef- this is not the result of the action of and Herzegovina. We take a look at fect by the end of this year concerning one chair of one committee. The something my friend has fought for, book royalties. It was sent over to the Speaker could bring this rule change to impact aid that we took out of the Committee on Rules. the floor right now. It need not wait budget, and to be able to provide for Members will recall that they took until the sun sets, if it ever does here that. He and I agreed we do not have as this action in a letter dated December in Washington today. No, indeed. We much as we would like in that. 6, upbraiding and reprimanding the could be moving forward on the issue of I also look at Captain O’Grady. Cap- Speaker, the gentleman from Georgia ethics, but in this House, whether it is tain O’Grady, when he was shot down [Mr. GINGRICH] in regard to books and lobby reform or gift ban or campaign over that portion of the world, told me in regard to repeated ethical violations finance reform, the slogan seems to be personally, he said, ‘‘DUKE, I did not here in the House. After finding three ‘‘Just say no or just say Newt.’’ They have the training, the ACM time that clear violations of the rules of conduct seem to mean the same thing. we need,’’ the air combat maneuvering. of the House, they said in addition, f I would ask my colleagues to take a with regard to the book ‘‘To Renew PERMISSION FOR COMMITTEE ON America,’’ the one published through look at what the needs are in defense. GOVERNMENT REFORM AND Mr. Murdoch’s company, they said that We need to support our kids. Support OVERSIGHT TO FILE REPORT ON the bill tomorrow, and do what is Concerning the publication of your book H.R. 2661, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA right. ‘‘To Renew America,’’ while the amount in- volved greatly exceeds the financial bounds FISCAL PROTECTION ACT OF 1995 f of any book contract contemplated at the Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Speaker, I ask EXCHANGE OF SPECIAL ORDER time the current rules were drafted, the com- unanimous consent that the Commit- TIME mittee strongly questions the appropriate- tee on Government Reform and Over- ness of what could be described as an at- sight have until midnight tonight, Mr. DOGGETT. Mr. Speaker, I ask tempt by you to capitalize on your office unanimous consent to substitute my with reference to this book. Thursday, December 14, to file a report name for that of the gentlewoman from on the bill, H.R. 2661. They go on to say that, at a mini- It is my understanding that this re- the District of Columbia [Ms. NORTON] mum, what the Speaker has done cre- quest has been cleared with the minor- during special orders. ates the impression, and this is their The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there ity leader’s office. words, this bipartisan committee, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the gen- ‘‘* * * of exploiting one’s office for per- objection to the request of the gen- tleman from Texas? sonal gain.’’ They say the conduct was tleman from Kansas? There was no objection. basically at such a level that to be sure There was no objection. f no other Member of this House ever f does this again, we need a rule on the THE HURRY-UP-AND-WAIT SCHED- THE MATERIAL GIRL OF THE ULE OF CONGRESS, AND THE books, the same kind of rule that would have been on the books had CLINTON ADMINISTRATION: SEC- HANDLING OF ETHICS COMMIT- RETARY OF ENERGY O’LEARY TEE ISSUES there been any real commitment to true ethical reform in this House on The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a the first day back on January 4, 1995, previous order of the House, the gen- previous order of the House, the gen- because that is when it could have been tleman from Kansas [Mr. TIAHRT] is tleman from Texas [Mr. DOGGETT] is adopted and when it should have been recognized for 5 minutes. recognized for 5 minutes. adopted. Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Speaker, I am un- Mr. DOGGETT. Mr. Speaker, those But even after waiting almost a year, derstanding that the House has ceased who saw the scheduling colloquy a few they say unanimously on a bipartisan its activities here. However, the rest of minutes ago absorbed another very pe- basis, ‘‘Such a perception’’ regarding Congress is working in their offices, culiar development here in the House. this book, and again I quote them, ‘‘is answering constituent relations and You see, at 2 in the afternoon, at 3 especially troubling when it pertains to working on active legislation. If the o’clock perhaps, a little bit in the mid- the office of the Speaker of the House, gentleman cares to take the afternoon dle of the workday for most American a constitutional office regarding the off, it is fine with me, but the rest of families, the House quit for the day. highest standards of ethical conduct, the House is working. We are now at a point in our debate and so the committee has drafted an That is not what I want to talk where we can debate some of the is- amendment to the House rules to treat about. I want to talk about the Clinton sues, but the official proceedings, here income from book royalties as part of administration’s material girl. Sec- in the middle of the workday the House outside earned income subject to the retary O’Leary has leased, at tax- concluded its proceedings. annual limit of House rule 47. The com- payers’ expense, for overseas travel the This is at a time when we near a Gov- mittee will propose this resolution to same luxury jet that Madonna uses. ernment shutdown, two of the con- take effect January 1, 1996.’’ Now Clinton’s material girl has been ference reports on appropriations bills Mr. Speaker, when asked about that overseas 16 times in the last 3 years. have not even been presented to this today, the majority leader said, ‘‘I will She has been out of the country 50 per- House, and according to the scheduling not prejudge the committee process. cent more days than Secretary of State colloquy, it appears that one of them, Anybody can go file a bill. Maybe the Warren Christopher. Secretary of State one of the two, is a possibility for to- Committee on Rules will get to it and Warren Christopher’s responsibilities morrow, on the shutdown day, and the maybe it will not.’’ He knows full well include foreign policy and foreign rela- other one we got no indication of what- from reading the morning papers that tions. When he gets off an airplane soever. the chairman of the Committee on overseas, when you see his face and The even more peculiar thing about Rules has said, and I quote, that he is him stepping off an airplane, he is this hurry-up-and-wait schedule that ‘‘unalterably opposed to even the con- doing his job. But the material girl, the exists here in the Congress was the por- cept that you would want to limit book Secretary of the Department of En- tion of the scheduling colloquy that re- royalties’’; that is to say, unalterably ergy, is responsible for civilian nuclear lated to the subject of ethics. It was opposed to doing what a unanimous waste, Department of Defense stockpile only about a week ago that not just Ethics Committee recommended be- and safety, Department of Defense nu- any bill but a measure concerning a cause of the scandal associated with clear waste, the national energy labs, H 14906 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 all inside the United States, power girl has transferred from the Depart- H.R. 2748, the Genetic Information marketing administrations, strategic ment of the Interior $500,000 to the gov- Nondiscrimination in Health Insurance oil reserves, all of which are within the ernment of India to prepare the Taj Act of 1995 contains four major provi- United States of America, but the ma- Mahal for her arrival. Five hundred sions. It prohibits insurance providers terial girl’s overseas trips are also ex- thousand dollars. What is so upsetting from: First, denying or canceling pensive. They are as high as $720,000 to me about this is that I can only health insurance coverage; or, second, each. Several of these trips have ex- think of the deficit we are running this varying the premiums, terms and con- penses that are unaccounted for, some year. I can only think of the budget we ditions of health insurance coverage on as high as $150,000. One of these trips, are dealing with. To spend $500,000 to the basis of genetic information; third, the same luxury jet that Madonna prepare the Taj Mahal for her arrival is requesting or requiring an individual uses, Secretary O’Leary took 51 staff- taking away from our children’s fu- to disclose genetic information; and ers and 68 guests. It cost the taxpayers ture. It is borrowed money that they fourth, disclosing genetic information $560,000. There is only about $70,000 are going to have to pay back. It is without the prior written consent of that is currently unaccounted for. wrong. It is time to stop this wasteful the individual. That is why the gentleman from Ohio spending. The bill is uniquely focused, com- [Mr. HOKE] and myself have requested Mr. Speaker, it is time to eliminate prehensive, timely and includes effec- the Government Accounting Office to the Department of Energy as a Cabi- tive enforcement mechanisms. It is fo- do an audit, so we hope it will be done net-level agency. The only way we can cused on the issues of insurance dis- early next year. I think it is time that do that is to continue with this effort crimination and privacy as they relate we stop this misuse of taxpayers’ and this legislation. It is needed to bal- to genetic information. It comprehen- money and account for the expenses ance the budget and it will stop the un- sively covers all types of insurance pro- that we cannot account for at this necessary spending. viders including self-funded and ERISA point. f plans. It is timely in that it tackles in- Mr. Speaker, this excessiveness, this surance discrimination and privacy is- mismanagement, this extravagance, is b 1445 sues related to genetic information be- just the tip of the iceberg. It started off SOCIAL POLICIES SHOULD RE- fore they become epidemic. It provides with GAO report that highlighted prob- FLECT LATEST BIOMEDICAL both State and Federal measures to en- lems about management at the Depart- KNOWLEDGE sure effective enforcement. ment of Energy. They lacked focus, Grave concern about these issues and they had an admission a minute. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a enthusiastic support for the bill has Then there was Vice President previous order of the House, the gentle- come from the American Cancer Soci- GORE’s National Performance Review, woman from New York [Ms. SLAUGH- ety, the National Breast Cancer Coali- who said within the Department of En- TER] is recognized for 5 minutes. tion, and the Council for Responsible ergy the environmental management Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, I rise Genetics. The National Action Plan on group was 40 percent inefficient and it today to announce the introduction of Breast Cancer, the NIH–DOE Working was going to cost taxpayers $70 billion H.R. 2748, a bill to prevent the poten- Group on Ethical, Legal and Social Im- over the next 30 years if something is tially devastating consequences of dis- plications of Human Genome Research not done. Then we found out there were crimination based on genetic informa- and the National Advisory Council for 529 public relations employees at the tion. I ask my colleagues to join us in Human Genome Research have joined Department of Energy, one personal support of this critical legislation. Cur- together to address the issue of genetic media consultant for the Secretary of rently 26 of our colleagues have cospon- discrimination and health insurance. Energy herself; and then there was the sored the legislation. Their work has resulted in develop- private investigative firm, which she As Chair of the Women’s Health Task ment of four policy recommendations. paid $56,500 to find out who the unfa- Force of the Congressional Caucus on Those recommendations provide the vorable were in the press and in Con- Women’s Issues, I closely followed re- foundation for Federal legislation to gress. I was number four on the list. ports earlier this year that increased prevent discrimination on the basis of Then there was her personal friend funding for breast cancer research had genetic information. This bill encom- that she hired at $95,166 year plus resulted in the discovery of the BRCA1 passes those recommendations. $12,000 living expenses for the depart- gene-link to breast cancer. While the This bill, which addresses the pro- ment conflict resolution officer. obvious benefits of the discovery in- found questions about who will have We have a lot of redundancy in Gov- clude potential lifesaving early detec- access to genetic information and how ernment, and we need to eliminate that tion and intervention, the inherent this information will be used by others, out of the Department of Energy too. dangers of access to genetic informa- is critically important to the health Two-thirds of the budget comes tion are just becoming evident. and well-being of this Nation’s women, through the Department of Defense. There is increasing concern that indi- men and children and our future gen- There is duplication of effort within viduals will be denied access to health erations. the labs. There is the nationalized oil care and that employers might screen f fields at Elk Hills, CA. We have private employees to eliminate those who companies that extract oil from the could cause a rise in group premiums. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a earth. There are the Power Marketing The following actual cases document previous order of the House, the gen- Administrations that also are duplica- the cause for concern: tleman from New Jersey [Mr. MARTINI] tive of the private sector. A 24-year-old healthy and insured is recognized for 5 minutes. That is why I am leading the task woman is asked to sign a lifetime waiv- [Mr. MARTINI addressed the House. force to eliminate the Department of er exempting her from breast cancer His remarks will appear hereafter in Energy as a Cabinet-level agency, to coverage because of familial ten- the Extensions of Remarks.] remove the waste, consolidate the du- dencies. f plication, transfer to the private sector An insured, previously healthy man that which they do best, and eliminate suffered a heart attack. After DNA- NO FUNDS FOR THE TREASURY the parts of Government that are un- based testing revealed a hereditary The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a necessary. Each time the material girl, form of high cholesterol, his insurance previous order of the House, the gen- Secretary O’Leary’s mismanagement company refused to pay the hospital tleman from Texas [Mr. BENTSEN] is comes to the press, this effort gains bills or cover future treatment for car- recognized for 5 minutes. support. It highlights the fact that diovascular disease. Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Speaker, earlier something must be done. As our knowledge and understanding today the House debated H.R. 2621, a This process of verifying has uncov- of the biomedical genesis of human bill which would, in my opinion, force ered something else, though, that is health and disease increases, our social a default of the U.S. Treasury on U.S. probably worse than anything you have policies and ethical responsibilities debt and forestall payment, not only of heard so far. That is that the material need to be adjusted accordingly. principal and interest on U.S. debt for December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14907 the first time in our history, but also Mr. Speaker, quite frankly, it is ap- ble of a great waterfall could be heard close forestall payments on Social Security, palling, I believe, for this House to play ahead. Angry disputes broke out on wildly Federal and military pensions. In fact, with a time bomb such as the U.S. varying issues. Republicans threatened to this bill was advertised as one which creditworthiness. We have a triple-A block sending American ground troops to en- force the Bosnia peace plan, agreed to vast would protect Social Security and Fed- rating, and yet we have this revolu- reductions in the protection for endangered eral and military pensions, but in fact, tionary new Congress which believes it species and Federal lands, and pushed ahead the end result would be causing a de- would be revolutionary to hold the with plans for radical changes in Medicare fault and leaving the Treasury with no country hostage and throw the Nation and Medicaid. Democrats fumed and vowed funds whatsoever to pay those pay- into default, to do away with our tri- to do what they could to slow the legisla- ments to the beneficiaries who have ple-A rating, to raise interest rates for tion’s breakneck pace. paid into those systems. all Americans, and to withhold the So- Clearly part of Mr. Gingrich’s autumn end- game strategy is to force the White House to During the debate, I referred to a cial Security checks, the Medicare accept much of this agenda—many parts of speech which Speaker NEWT GINGRICH checks, the military checks, the pen- which President Clinton has vowed to veto— made before the Public Securities As- sion checks to Americans who deserve by holding an increase in Federal debt limit sociation on September 21, 1995, just those because they paid into them. hostage. Without an increase in the limit, earlier this year. In this speech is Let me remind my fellow colleagues the Government will be unable to meet many where the Speaker plainly and clearly of the House of the last revolutionary of the payments due in November for Social advocated defaulting on U.S. debt in movement which decided to not stand Security, military pay and interest on the up and pay its debts. It was the Bol- Federal Government’s $4.9 trillion in debt. order to force the President and the Such confrontational techniques have been Nation to accept his budget and no shevik movement after the Russian used in the past. But is was highly unusual other budget. Revolution in 1917, which refused to for a high Government leader to suggest, as My assertion was called into question honor the Czar’s bonds because, they Mr. Gingrich did today, that default on Gov- by my colleague and friend from Michi- said, ‘‘We have a new leadership here ernment payments was not beyond the pale. gan, and therefore, I submit for the and we are not going to honor those.’’ ‘‘I don’t care what the price is,’’ he said in his speech. ‘‘I don’t care if we have no execu- RECORD and ask unanimous consent to Even today, people throughout the world hold those bonds and they are tive offices and no bonds for 60 days—not include the following article from the this time.’’ New York Times as printed on Septem- worthless. Even today, the Soviet Without concessions from the White House ber 22, 1995 entitled ‘‘Gingrich Threat- Union, having broken the bounds of across the board, he said, there will not be ens U.S. Default if Clinton Won’t Bend communism, has trouble entering the any increase in the debt ceiling. ‘‘And we’ll on Budget.’’ markets because of what happened see how long they will last,’’ he added. Mr. Speaker, let me quote a couple of back in 1917. Administration officials were still trying excerpts from this article. The article We do not want that to happen to the tonight to figure out how seriously to take United States we do not want to see Mr. Gingrich’s comments. A few months ago, starts out: the Speaker was forced to back away from House Speaker Newt Gingrich threatened what happens to the United States, his off-the-cuff suggestions that the United today to send the United States into default what we debated earlier this year with States should recognize Taiwan as an inde- on its debt for the first time in the Nation’s respect to Mexico. We are the greatest pendent country, a step that would lead to a history to force the Clinton administration nation on the face of the Earth. We are breach with China. to balance the budget on Republican terms. the leader of the free world. We are the But Congress has little direct influence The article goes on to say: strongest economy in the world. over foreign policy. By contrast, its control Clearly, part of Mr. Gingrich’s autumn The U.S. Treasury bond is the gold of the Government’s purse strings gave end-game strategy is to force the White standard for the world. All other inter- added force to Mr. Gingrich’s remarks. In- deed, the Speaker’s comments drew a quick House to accept much of this agenda, many est rates are tied off of it, and yet the parts of which President Clinton has vowed and harshly worded response from Treasury Speaker threatens a default and Secretary Robert E. Rubin. ‘‘The President to veto, by holding an increase in the Fed- threatens to destroy the creditworthi- eral debt limit hostage. Without an increase won’t be blackmailed by the use of the debt ness of the United States. limit as a negotiating lever,’’ he said in a in the Federal debt, the government will be Mr. Speaker, I submit the following telephone interview from Miami, where he unable to meet many of the payments due in article for the RECORD, that was the was giving a speech tonight. November for Social Security, military pay, ‘‘It would be unprecedented and unwise for and interest on the Federal Government’s Speaker’s position, and I hope he will renounce it. anyone in a position of authority to dismiss $4.9 trillion debt. the consequences of default on the debt of Such confrontational techniques have been [From the New York Times, Sept. 22, 1995] the United States of America for the first used in the past, but it has been highly un- GINGRICH THREATENS U.S. DEFAULT IF time in our history,’’ he added. ‘‘Even the usual for a high government official or high CLINTON WON’T BEND ON BUDGET appearance of a risk of default can have ad- government leader to suggest, as Mr. Ging- (By David E. Sanger) verse consequences, and a default itself rich did today, that default on government would increase the cost of debt for the Unit- payments was not beyond the pale. WASHINGTON.—House Speaker Newt Ging- rich threatened today to send the United ed States Government for many, many years Let me quote directly from the States into default on its debt for the first to come. A sovereign country’s credit-wor- Speaker. As we would say, the Speaker time in the nation’s history, to force the thiness is a precious asset not be sacrificed speaks. ‘‘I don’t care what the price Clinton Administration to balance the budg- under any circumstances. is,’’ he said in his speech. ‘‘I don’t care et on Republican terms. Mr. Rubin said he did not expect the Unit- if we have no executive offices and no His comments, a more extreme version of ed States to default on any debt payment, a step that he has repeatedly called ‘‘unthink- bonds for 60 days, not this time.’’ the hardball stance frequently used in past budget showdowns, raised the specter that able.’’ But even a serious threat of a disrup- What that means, Mr. Speaker, is if the looming standoff may begin to rattle fi- tion in payments can move the markets, and we had a default and we had no bonds nancial markets around the world. Mr. Ging- may send borrowing costs soaring for the and we were not able to roll over the rich’s remarks came in the middle of a day United States. debt, that would mean that the Gov- in which the dollar plunged as much as 5 per- The Treasury Department estimates that ernment would run out of money, and cent against major currencies before recov- every increase of one percentage point in in- what that would mean is when Social ering slightly, sending interest rates up terest rates would swell the budget deficit by Security checks need to be sent out, sharply. [Page D13.] The Speaker’s state- $4.9 billion this year. Republicans, however, argued that interest rates should decline if the Government would not have any ment appeared to be one of several factors that added to the markets’ unsettled condi- the ultimate outcome of the dispute between money and the Government would not tion. the parties is a big cut in spending. be able to take the Treasury securities, More broadly, Mr. Gingrich’s speech to the Aside from all the Sturm und Drange in which Social Security invested in, and Public Securities Association, which rep- Washington, the debt limit debate has not reinvest those into the market to raise resents traders in Government debt, under- yet had much effect, traders said. ‘‘The mar- capital. So in effect we would be high scored the growing agitation and sense of kets have not yet focused on it,’’ said David and dry; and unfortunately, the mil- imminent collision in official Washington as M. Jones, vice chairman of Aubrey G. Lan- ston & Company, which trades Government lions and millions of Americans who both Democrats and Republicans move to- ward a confrontation that could shut the bonds. ‘‘One of the risks is that foreign in- have paid into Social Security and Government down this fall. vestors will not understand what is happen- count on that money to come every Throughout the capital, there was a sense ing here. And if they get nervous, they will month would be high and dry, too. that the current had quickened and the rum- just flee until it all sorts out.’’ H 14908 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 The issue will take on added urgency in cent, in local, State and Federal taxes? of the International Covenant on Civil the first five days of November, when the What is extreme about that? and Political Rights—in both treaties, Government must pay $50 billion in Social Mr. Speaker, what is extreme about the right to self-determination of peo- Security benefits, Medicare and pay for ac- spending $2.5 trillion over the next 7 ples is affirmed. tive-duty members of the military. On Nov. 15, about $25 billion of interest payments are years, more than what we are spending Self-determination for non-self gov- due. now? How much more does the Presi- erning peoples is the foundation from As Treasury officials concede, a number of dent want to spend? which other human rights are exer- financial tricks are available to keep the What is extreme is a President that cised. Guam is a non self-governing ter- Government afloat even if the ceiling on has said over and over again he wants ritory, and its status as a non self-gov- debt is not raised. There are temporary debt a balanced budget, but he never can erning territory whose people are enti- limits, emergency ‘‘cash management sales’’ bring himself to do it. What is extreme tled to exercise self-determination is to keep money flowing in the coffers as is 40 years of tax-and-spend that has specifically stated in the U.N. Charter. short-term loans, and borrowing against other Government reserves. But all of the brought this Nation almost to bank- And we should note that Guam was steps come with a cost, and none can go on ruptcy with a $5 trillion debt. What is placed on the United Nation’s list of for too long. Though the overall Government extreme is putting our children’s fu- the non self-governing territories by debt is $4.9 trillion, the Treasury sells about ture in jeopardy. the United States over 47 years ago. $2 trillion of debt securities every year be- I have a 13-year-old daughter that, if Within this context, it should be of cause so much of the Government’s borrow- we continue spending and spending and great concern to this Congress and to ings are ‘‘rolled over’’ into new bonds. spending without ever balancing the the President that the desires of the The debt limit exists as an institution in budget, in the year 2012 every tax dol- people of Guam to exercise their rights Washington because the Constitution man- and to improve their political status dates that only Congress can authorize bor- lar will be consumed by entitlements rowings. Before World War I every bond is- and interest on the debt. What kind of have not been met with the same fer- sued by the United States required separate future will she have? What kind of fu- vor and the same level of attention Congressional approval. Today, the raising of ture will she have when she approaches that the United States gives to other the debt ceiling essentially permits the my age in the year 2030? The deficit for peoples’ problems. Treasury Secretary to make the day-to-day 1 year will be over $4 trillion, just for Every year it is always someone else decisions required to meet the Government’s 1 year. or some other nation who needs to re- obligations. pair its record on human rights and b 1500 f self-determination. But what about We are talking about the future of 40 YEARS OF TAX AND SPEND IS Guam? What about our desires for po- this Nation. What is extreme about EXTREME litical rights and for our exercise of wanting to save the economic vialibity self-determination by our indigenous The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a of this Nation? people? previous order of the House, the gen- It seems that our liberal friends, led As President Clinton stated in his tleman from [Mr. LEWIS] is by Mr. Clinton, are more concerned proclamation, ‘‘Peoples throughout the recognized for 5 minutes. about next year than the years after. world look to the United States for Mr. LEWIS of Kentucky. Mr. Speak- Extreme, mean-spirited. I have par- leadership on human rights.’’ Yes. Mr. er, we have been called many names, ents that are both 78 years old. I want President, that is correct, and to this I the majority has. We have been called to preserve the future of Medicare for would add that people in the non self- revolutionaries, just a few minutes ago them. I am a mainstream American. I governing colonies of the United States even Bolsheviks maybe, but the main came from mainstream America. I was look to you for leadership on human term has been extreme, extreme and elected by mainstream Americans that rights. We look to you to respond to mean-spirited, the ‘‘E’’ word. saw something critically wrong coming Guam’s desire to create a new com- Mr. Clinton has used it, the gen- out of this Federal Government. monwealth within the American politi- tleman from Missouri [Mr. GEPHARDT] There are a lot of 78-year-olds just cal family. And we look to you to re- has used it, the gentleman from Michi- like my parents back in the Second spond to our desire to exercise self-de- gan [Mr. BONIOR] has used it. It seems District of Kentucky that want to have termination in deciding our political like there is a concerted effort to use Medicare in their future. But because status. the ‘‘extreme’’ word to describe the of an extreme point of view from the We ask that the United States fulfill mew majority. other side they are willing to see it go the commitments it made to the people Mr. Speaker, the new majority was bankrupt before they are willing to of Guam and to the community of na- elected by a majority of the people in save it for the future. tions when it signed and ratified the this country. I do not consider them f U.N. Charter and the International extreme; I think they saw something Covenant on Civil and Political Rights INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS wrong with 40 years of one-party rule and to be responsive to the inherent WEEK in this House. I think they saw some- political commonsense of this Nation thing extreme about the spending over The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. to extend full democracy everywhere. 40 years, and something extreme about KIM). Under a previous order of the So far, the Federal Government’s re- the rising taxation that this one-party House, the gentleman from Guam [Mr. action has been sincere pledges to re- rule for 40 years had placed upon the UNDERWOOD] is recognized for 5 min- spond to Guam. And, for a while there, American people. utes. the Clinton administration looked like What is extreme? What is extreme Mr. UNDERWOOD, Mr. Speaker, this it had the commitment to respond in a and mean-spirited about wanting a rea- week has been proclaimed by President serious way to Guam’s efforts. But now sonable balanced budget within 7 Clinton as ‘‘International Human we are stuck in neutral because of years? What is extreme about wanting rights Week’’ to commemorate the what surely would look like a comedy to reform welfare and end welfare as we adoption of the Universal Declaration of errors, albeit unintentional, on the know it? What is extreme about a plan of Human Rights. part of the administration. We have to save Medicare from bankruptcy? The United States is a world leader now gone through three status nego- What is extreme about wanting to re- in advancing the cause of human rights tiators in 1995 alone. We have been un- form Medicaid and allow the Gov- and is a signatory to two international able to negotiate because there is now ernors, just like Governor Bill Clinton treaties that guarantee these human no one to negotiate with. wanted, to see a change in Medicaid to rights, the U.N. Charter, and the Inter- Can you imagine this happening with save it and to make it more easily ad- national Covenant of Civil and Politi- the Bosnian peace talks? Why would ministered through the States. What is cal Rights. Both of these treaties have United Nation and international com- extreme about wanting to give tax cuts been ratified by the U.S. Senate, and mitments now be meaningless when ap- to families when the average family are therefore binding. plied to a United States colony? today is paying 40 percent of their in- I call our Nation’s attention to Arti- I call on the administration today to come, and some approaching 50 per- cle I of the U.N. Charter and Article I heed its own words, to live up to the December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14909 international commitments and inter- be trusted? Please. This country was Again, the facility was built without national standards of human rights built through the goodness of people one Federal dollar, built by the dedica- that it has agreed to in the U.N. Char- helping people. From the earliest days tion and hard effort of the people of a ter. of the original colonies, the people of small city in rural Illinois. Have any of We normally think of human rights this Nation have thrived off the com- their programs used Federal dollars? violations as the violent denial of basic mon goodness of its neighbors, its com- Yes, but the programs are designed and freedoms in many parts of the world. munities. tailored by the local people for the There is the denial of free expression If we are to believe that there is local people. and the incarceration of dissident nothing trustworthy outside of the Currently, Congress is working on voices. This is the violent abuse of Federal behemoth bureaucracy, whom major changes on how social services human rights. are we accusing of being in this country are funded. The idea is But there are other forms. In much untrustworthy? Which Governor? that after 30 years of spending 40 cents the same way that the neglect of chil- Which State legislature? Which coun- out of every dollar on a huge Federal dren is also a form of child abuse as is ty? Which city or school district? bureaucracy, we can be more efficient violent behavior, ignoring the political Which community can we not trust? with our programs if we get the money desires of a people for whom you have I believe men and women, parents, back to the local people in the best a responsibility qualifies as an abuse of elected officials, churches and other manner possible. human rights. The people of Guam community leaders are best able to If centers like the King Campus have spoken through local referenda achieve the longest lasting and most choose to apply for tax dollars, they and they deserve serious and sustained effective changes we need in our soci- should be able to get the most out of attention to their political aspirations. ety. Day by day, neighborhood by every tax dollar, not just 60 cents but To ignore these political aspirations is neighborhood, child by child, family by 90 or 95 cents. That kind of efficiency an abuse of human rights by neglect. family, America gets stronger. cannot be accomplished through a huge The Congress and the President as President Coolidge once said: ‘‘No Federal bureaucracy. the representatives of the American person was ever honored for what he The campus is the perfect example of people have consistently delivered the received. Honor has been the reward for local control and local success. message throughout the world that what he gave.’’ I salute the efforts of everyone at the good government can only begin when Let me tell you about what one com- MLK Campus. I salute the people who there is true consent of the governed. munity has done. On November 18 of have found a second chance or the spe- This is the core American creed. In the this year, the city of Freeport in the cial assistance they need through the American territory of Guam, the vast 16th District of Illinois celebrated the center. And I want to salute the people majority of laws, the very political achievements of hard effort and leader- of Freeport, who in their own way have structure that the people live under are ship when it opened the new Martin proven that we do not need the Federal determined not by the people, but by a Luther King Jr. Community Campus, Government dictating policy to provide Congress in which they have no voting and this is a picture of that beautiful for their community. representation and by a President they campus. This beautiful $3 million facil- What we need is the commitment and have not elected. ity was built and paid for without any dedication of the people of the commu- Government through the consent of tax dollars or Federal grants. The facil- nity who are willing to face a challenge the governed is the most basic of all ity was built with the commitment and and willing to meet the needs of the political rights and should remain the dedication of the local community. people they love so dearly and the peo- cornerstone of the structure of human It started with a vision by the late ple they serve so well. rights. We should challenge ourselves Rev. Robert Huff to create a commu- f to make sure that human rights are de- nity center where area children and KEEPING THE DISTRICT IN fended not just under the American families could get whatever assistance BUSINESS flag when our troops are deployed in they needed. Unfortunately, he passed foreign lands, but that these human away before he could witness the re- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a rights are also defended under the ality of his vision. previous order of the House, the gentle- American flag when it flies over the This beautiful new facility was made woman from the District of Columbia non self-governing U.S. territories. possible by the hard efforts and dedica- [Ms. NORTON] is recognized for 5 min- f tion of people like Jack Meyers, who utes. led the fundraising campaign, and Ray Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, this is CELEBRATING COMMUNITY: THE Alvarez of Honeywell’s Microswitch, day one of the countdown to shutdown. OPENING OF THE NEW MARTIN who was instrumental in rallying com- I have been on the floor virtually every LUTHER KING CENTER IN FREE- munity support for this construction. day since the last shutdown. But I PORT, IL The new MLK Campus in Freeport speak not of the shutdown of the Fed- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. has not been erected only of mortar eral Government. There was an unin- KINGSTON). Under a previous order of and bricks. It stands firmly on the con- tended consequence. The city I rep- the House, the gentleman from Illinois victions and hopes and dreams of the resent was also shut down. [Mr. MANZULLO] is recognized for 5 people dedicated to making Freeport a A shutdown of a complicated big city minutes. city committed to the future of their is nothing short of a catastrophe. If Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Speaker, as we community, a future that is unified be- there is a continuing resolution, it will debate reaching the balanced budget by hind helping their neighbors locally. be marginally better, but imagine put- the year 2002 and what role the Federal The community campus has already ting handcuffs and a straitjacket on a Government should play in restoring provided many tangible results. It city at the same time and then saying, hope to our children’s future, one of helped Wendy Mader realize her dream ‘‘Run your city well on a weekend CR the misguided arguments that some of of becoming a licensed day care pro- or a weeklong CR, and keep from over- my colleagues continue to banter in vider; Tameka Carter, who is reaching obligating, and make sure you spend Congress and in the media is that the her dream of becoming a lawyer. And enough money.’’ American people cannot trust anyone the Martin Luther King Campus helped I am here this afternoon to express but the Federal Government to provide Sharon Serna work through the single my gratitude to the Committee on assistance and/or programs in the areas parent program to get off public aid, Government Reform and Oversight and of need. get an education, and become a reg- to the DC Subcommittee. By what arrogance can this argu- istered nurse. Her dream was made pos- Mr. Speaker, these two committees ment be made? To suggest that left to sible by the local people who make the unanimously passed a bill to allow the their own devices, the American people MLK Community Campus not only the District of Columbia to spend its own cannot provide for their families and envy but a model of what other com- revenue instead of being shut down. I neighbors? The notion that local com- munities in this country are accom- express my gratitude to the gentleman munities and local governments cannot plishing. from Pennsylvania [Mr. CLINGER], the H 14910 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 chairman of the committee, and to the States this way, and we cannot allow But this time there was no District appro- gentleman from Virginia [Mr. DAVIS], the word to go across the wires and priation and no continuing resolution. This the chairman of the subcommittee. I around the world that some Federal places on the District of Columbia a unique agencies went back to work (and I con- burden. Every other city or state in the will put an op-ed piece by Mr. DAVIS on country can continue to operate its own pro- this very subject into the RECORD at gratulate you that some appropriations grams, and may even take up the slack of the conclusion of my remarks. have now passed; it looks like ours will missing federal funds from its own revenues The op-ed piece is headlined, ‘‘Why not, indeed, pass), but that the Con- when the federal government is shut down. Shut Down the District?’’ The gen- gress of the United States allowed the But the District is stymied. tleman from Virginia [Mr. DAVIS] mar- Capital of the United States to close This situation is inexcusable even in nor- shals all the arguments for not doing down catching 600,000 innocent people mal times, but in the current financial crisis it has become extreme. The District lost so. in the wake of our own special storm. I appreciate what the gentleman more than $7 million in productivity during Why was there such bipartisanship the recent shutdown, according to the con- on this bill? In the first place, it was a from Pennsylvania [Mr. CLINGER] and trol board, and it failed to collect up to $70 matter of sheer principle. The Members the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. million in revenue that it was owed. Mean- knew and saw that shutting down the DAVIS] have done. I appreciate that the while, contractors around the metropolitan District was not their intent. They did Speaker has encouraged us to keep this area are going bankrupt every day, and the not mean to catch a whole city in this bill going forward. Now, a little more IRS files liens for unpaid tax withholding be- fight. Then of course the Members saw than 24 hours stand between us and cause the District of Columbia doesn’t have keeping the city of the District of Co- the cash to pay its bills. Allowing the Dis- up close what happens when you shut trict to fall even farther behind in its reve- down a city and the trash is not col- lumbia, Washington, DC, open. Please, help us to do just that. nue collection is tantamount to negligence lected, and the city cannot go about its on the part of Congress. daily business, and the citizens suffer. [From , Dec. 14, 1995] In addition to lost productivity and lost or It is not a pretty picture. WHY SHUT DOWN THE DISTRICT? delayed revenues, the very officials who have It is our money and only our own (By Thomas M. Davis III) so much work ahead to rebuild and reform money that H.R. 2661 speaks to. The Shutting down the federal government be- the city were forced to spend their time de- Federal payment would be left here at cause Congress and the president fail to ciding what services and employees were ‘‘essential’’ in a government that is already the discretion of the Congress. agree on a budget resolution is an act that has many unintended victims and numerous notoriously dysfunctional. Instead of work- What is happening in the District of unintended consequences. The damper these ing on privatizing city services, City Admin- Columbia as I speak? The district is failures put on recruiting and maintaining istrator Michael Rogers had to write fur- preparing to shut down. What a ter- the best and the brightest for our federal lough notices. Instead of reviewing contracts rible diversion for a city on the brink work force will be with us for some time. On and improving cash management, Chief Fi- of insolvency, when this Congress has another level, the backsliding it inflicts on nancial Officer Anthony Williams had to fig- told it to do otherwise, to prepare for our efforts to change the District of Colum- ure out new ways not to pay bills. Instead of reform of its financial and manage- bia government are profound. pushing ahead publicly with the council on The D.C. government is not just another urgently needed reforms, Mayor Barry could ment operations. federal agency. It is a front-line government only wonder what new disaster he would The gentleman from Texas [Mr. providing vital health, safety and personal have to deal with next. And the control ARMEY] was just on the floor saying services to 570,000 residents and 300,000 met- board, which is trying to push the District that there could be a weekend or a ropolitan commuters. When federal agencies forward, could only make certain that the weeklong CR. There could be two such shut down, citizens in any city in the coun- District complied with the provisions of the CRs. Nobody can expect the District to try can still get a driver’s license and reg- Anti-Deficiency Act and shut down every- run well in that way, even if it were ister their automobiles. When federal agen- thing that was not an imminent threat to cies shut down, the states can continue to healthy, as of course we know it is not. health or safety. This is no way to run a city process AFDC and Social Security applica- in the grips of a financial crisis. Speaker GINGRICH encouraged us to tions. But when the District government Congress and the president could keep the continue with the bills. He has been shuts down, people needing services, whether federal and District governments open either very helpful to the District in the past. medical care at a clinic or trash collection by reaching a budget agreement or by enact- I am asking him to bring the bill to the from their homes, are not served. ing another continuing resolution. I am floor today, so that before midnight on Congress should act immediately to ensure hopeful that one of these two events will Friday this body can guarantee that that the District of Columbia can spend its occur before there’s another shutdown. No the city, where this body sits, will in own locally generated tax dollars during one can possibly expect to escape the public such a shutdown. We can do this before this outcry that would come from sending hun- fact be open for business. week’s expiration of the current continuing dreds of thousands of workers home 10 days b 1515 resolution Del. has before Christmas. introduced legislation, H.R. 2661, to allow But there is an even more compelling rea- Only a few hours stand between us the District to spend its own revenues even son to enact H.R. 2661 immediately. While and closedown of a city we do not mean if its budget has not been approved by Con- operating under a temporary continuing res- to close down. At midnight on Friday, gress (the budget will still be subject to ap- olution, the D.C. government has no legal the District of Columbia goes dark and proval by the control board). I am a cospon- authority to obligate funds beyond the expi- hundreds of thousands of innocent by- sor of H.R. 2661, which yesterday was ap- ration of that resolution. Since continuing standers will see their city go dark, proved by the House subcommittee that resolutions are emergency, stopgap meas- while the Congress remains in session oversees the District and is scheduled for full ures, this forces the District government to committee action today. It is imperative operate on an emergency basis, signing con- uninjured by any shutdown. No Mem- that Congress pass it for two important rea- tracts and planning spending schedules from ber of this body desires that. No Mem- sons. week to week. This ad hoc operational mode ber of this body would want to defend First, without passage of H.R. 2661, the is not only bad for contractors and other that. District government is subject to being shut service providers; it runs exactly counter to Please, help me to keep my city down again, as it was Nov. 14–19. That’s be- what is most needed in the District govern- open. Help me to help my city recover. cause the District’s own appropriation has ment: stability and the ability to make long- The city wants to do what the Congress not been enacted, and there may be no con- range decisions. has mandated it to do: get its house in tinuing resolution to keep the government Unless H.R. 2661 is enacted and the District open. is allowed to obligate its own revenues, even order. This Congress has put a Control The unique status of the District—the city without an appropriation bill, the District Board on the city, and now the Control cannot spend one penny of its budget, either will continue to limp from crisis to crisis, Board has testified that the last thing local or federal revenues, without an appro- lacking the ability to take concrete, long- the city needs is to be shut down and priations bill being passed by Congress and term actions or to make the decisions that have to pay its employees for not com- signed by the president—has never before would be in everyone’s best interest. ing to work—as would have to be the seemed important. In past federal shut- Congressional oversight and ultimate con- case since they would be forced onto downs, the District appropriation had been trol would not be threatened, because the enacted so that the city government could District’s federal payment is not included in administrative leave. That is not the continue operations, or else the District has H.R. 2661. This legislation would not free the way to run even a small town. been put under a continuing resolution along District from federal oversight and would I am here to say to my colleagues, we with federal agencies that were without ap- not give the city budget autonomy. It would cannot run the Capital of the United proved appropriations. simply allow the District to escape from the December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14911 threat of shutdown and the gross inefficien- money again to make choices that are the next 10 or 15 minutes; let us take a cies of operating on a week-to-week basis, best for them. look at the verbiage used by big labor and to at least be able to crawl along on its As I look around the Chamber, it is a to fight not an agenda for America’s own revenues during a budget impasse. formidable lineup. One of the gentle- I am pleased that Speaker Gingrich, Presi- working families but to fight this new dent Clinton and the control board support men seated here, who we will hear from majority who have the real interest of this legislation. Congress should act now to shortly, indeed, an NFL Hall of Famer, America’s working families at heart, pass it, and thus prevent further paid fur- one of the gentlemen to my left, the real people who work for a living, loughs and a shutdown of city operations. uncharacteristically, a resident of Cali- who sent every one of us here. Every f fornia, indeed, I call him an honorary one of this group was sent here by peo- Arizonan, for his mother was born in ple who work and who resent these sort CHANGING THE CULTURE the Sixth District of , near the of commercials. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Inspiration Mine, I know he will have The gentleman from Arizona, the KINGSTON). Under the Speaker’s an- words of inspiration for us; our friend commercial begins, ‘‘On November 20, nounced positively of May 12, 1995, the from Nebraska, one of three newcomers our Congressman,’’ fill in the blank, gentleman from Arizona [Mr. on the House Committee on Ways and ‘‘voted with NEWT GINGRICH and HAYWORTH] is recognized for 60 minutes Means. It is worth noting the last Re- against working families.’’ What vote? as the designee of the majority leader. publican freshman to hold one of those The balanced budget, the balanced Mr. HAYWORTH. Mr. Speaker, I spots was in 1966, a gentleman who budget for America’’s working fami- thank several of my colleagues for went on to become President of these lies. joining me in the House Chamber. As United States, one George Bush; our Mr. HAYWORTH. Reclaiming my we discuss the pending events, we lis- good friend from Indiana is here, who time, how on Earth can that statement ten with great interest and, indeed, has worked so hard on trying to get a even be made? For why would a bal- great agreement with our colleague, handle on regulations; our good friend anced budget work against America’s the delegate from the District of Co- from Kentucky from the sophomore families? Are we not putting money lumbia, and we realize also that the class, who speaks so eloquently and is back in the pockets of working fami- people have sent us here to Washington really a redshirt freshman, if you will, lies by balancing the budget on a 30- to change a culture, to change a perva- for he came by way of a special elec- year mortgage? Are we not realizing sive practice which has permeated this tion. real cash that stays in the wallets and Chamber and, indeed, our national gov- Mr. Speaker, now it is my honor to pockets of working families? By lower- ernance for half a century. turn to the one-time Princeton line- ing interest rates with a balanced In fairness, we should note that the backer, who is proud of his Tigers in budget, are we not really helping to Members of both parties have been in- their accomplishments this year on the fulfill the American dream? volved in this, and it is this endless no- gridiron, who went on to law school at I am just curious that the gentleman tion of tax-and-spend and tax-and- Wake Forest, and he helped to tutor from Maryland understands the ration- spend and tax yet higher and spend yet those teams and improve the record of ale for this statement and if it is more. It is worth noting that one of our those Demon Deacons, my friend, the grounded within any type of intellec- founders, Benjamin Franklin, said that gentleman from Maryland [Mr. EHR- tual fact. there were only two certainties in this LICH]. Mr. EHRLICH. Of course not. If the life: death and taxes. I dare say, if Mr. Mr. EHRLICH. As usual, I am at a gentleman will yield further, let us Franklin were with us in this Chamber loss for words when the gentleman look at what follows the introduction. as we prepare to confront this next from Arizona introduces us. It is such a I know the gentleman from Indiana century, he might amend his statement great opportunity to be with my col- and the gentleman from California are to say that higher taxes could lead to leagues from all over the country chomping at the bit here, but it is es- the death of the American Nation if we today to talk about, as the gentleman sential that the American people un- do not change what has gone on before. said, change, change that is long over- derstand big labor loves big govern- The facts are these: In 1948, the aver- due in this society, change, and I be- ment. They do not want a balanced age American family of four surren- lieve the gentleman’s words were nec- budget. They do not want the agenda dered 3 percent of its income in taxes essary and hard. that every member of this freshman to the Federal Government. By 1994, I would point out to the gentleman, class ran on in support of the American that same average family of four sur- and we have a piece of evidence with us family, in support of people who work rendered almost one-quarter of its in- today, I would point out to the gen- for a living, who resent the increasing come, 24 percent, in taxes to the Fed- tleman that change is hard in our soci- instrusion of big government into their eral Government. ety in the 1990’s because some groups lives every day. It has been noted by Members of both in our society do not like change. They Second line, ‘‘He voted to cut Medi- parties that change is hard. Change is do not want change. They will say any- care.’’ Third line, ‘‘Education and col- difficult. But as the newcomers to this thing to ensure change does not occur. lege loans.’’ Fourth line, my favorite, Congress who join me this afternoon As the gentleman sees, I have ‘‘Class warfare.’’ Class warfare from big along with one of our distinguished brought the actual transcript with me labor. ‘‘All to give huge tax breaks to Members of the sophomore class will of a little ad that is running around big corporations,’’ and our favorite, bear out, change is necessary if we are the country. The AFL–CIO, a big labor ‘‘the rich.’’ to make a difference, if we are to pre- group, and I should make this point, I yield to the gentleman from Indi- pare this last best hope of mankind to not all elements of big labor but some ana. adequately confront the next century. big labor leaders and, of course, some Mr. MCINTOSH. I thank the gen- The people of the Sixth District of big labor leaders love big government tleman from Maryland. I appreciate Arizona said it pretty simply in No- and, as a result, do not love this new your diligence ferreting out the truth vember of 1994. indeed, I think it was majority nor this freshman class, but on these ads. It is about time we had a said across the country. The realiza- some members of big labor are running standard of truch in advertising that tion is this: The people of America this ad. would apply to some of the claims that work hard for the money they earn, I would like to direct a few questions are made. and there is nothing selfish and there to the gentleman from Arizona and my Is it not true, though, that the aver- is nothing ignoble about Americans hallmate, the gentleman from Califor- age worker will benefit from our bal- hanging on to more of their hard- nia [Mr. RADANOVICH], my very good anced budget because of lower interest earned money so that they may decide friend and the gentleman from Indiana rates, where, if they have to borrow how best to save, spend, and invest for [Mr. MCINTOSH], ‘‘Mr. Deregulation,’’ $15,000 to buy a new car, they will be their families, so that they may make my very, very good friend on our Sub- able to save $900 over the loan? Now critical choices so vital to their chil- committee on Government Reform. that is $900 that is more of his take- dren’s future and so that they as sen- What I would like to do, with the gen- home money that he can pay. And is it iors can hold on to more of their tleman’s indulgence, is take a look for not true, in my district, for example, H 14912 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 the median income is $25,000; a lot of To quantify it, I do not believe this ment, they can spend more over and people work in factories. We have got ad tells the truth. If you are going to over again. several GM plants. We have got fac- say the rich, indeed with the family So the question is, do we want to tories all over the District. That $25,000 tax credit that my colleague from Indi- spend more for the bureaucrats’ budget though, $9,000 goes to pay for taxes for ana points out, it is a very expensive here in Washington, or do we want city, State, and Federal taxes. And is it definition of rich, if we are to trust the more for the family budget, for people not true that a key part of our budget ad of big labor, for it affects over 80 who are living in America trying to plan says, ‘‘For a family of four we are percent of American families across make ends meet? going to take $1,000 of that $9,000 in the economic strata. And that is the What we have said in the freshmen taxes and let you keep it? You do not impact of the ad. class in particular and in the Repub- have to deduct it out of your paycheck While we are in the neighborhood, lican Congress is enough is enough. We every week and send it to Washington and I know my friend from Indiana has think $12 trillion is plenty of money to to pay for the bureaucrats; it is yours a point, but just one other thing to say spend on the Government programs, to take home, to buy food for your to respond to my colleague from Cali- and we need to start focusing on giving kids, to save for college, to make pay- fornia’s musings about this particular families some tax relief so that they ments on that car we talked about.’’ advertisement and others like it: I can have an easier time of balancing So is it not true that every aspect of have challenged my former colleagues their budgets and have more money this budget is actually going to be good in broadcasting, and indeed I did this available. for the working men and women that at one of the local stations in Phoenix Let me make one other point. That the AFL–CIO say they represent? going to what in effect was a meeting would be reason why I think they are Mr. EHRLICH. I know the gentleman of their editorial board, I said, friends, being dishonest. They want to spend from California, and he has been ac- the reality checks, the truth watches more money and are afraid if they tell cused of supporting from California, that you do during the election season, the truth people will focus on what the and he has been accused of supporting why not continue now? Why not check effect is for the family budget. the rich as well, and I know that for a the veracity of these ads? The second reason is, and I wanted to fact. But if I can answer the gentle- Again, Mr. Speaker, I would call on ask the question whether in his re- man’s question. of course, it is for the broadcasters who are licensed in the search on this issue of welfare for lob- working people. But it is very dan- public interest, local news divisions, byists, whether this advertisement was gerous medicine for big labor, for some network news divisions, do your own paid for by any groups who received elements of big labor, and they do not reality checks, do your own truth taxpayer money? want the American people to know the watches on these repugnant, patently Mr. EHRLICH. You mean grant re- facts. false advertisements, for this is an on- form? The dirty little secret this class Mr. RADANOVICH. My first com- going campaign. has exposed? We have been joined by ment on this is that, you know, if this Mr. MCINTOSH. The question I get three of our wonderful colleagues in was the advertising program of a pri- from people when I go home is my are the freshman class. You mean $39 bil- vate corporation, they would be in they being dishonest? Why is this ad lion in taxpayer money? court right now pending lawsuits not telling the truth? Why does not the Mr. MCINTOSH. Is it possible these against them for truth-in-advertising. I President tell the truth about what is groups want to make sure that some of know you did not vote to cut Medicare, going on? I have been trying to puzzle this spending ends up going into their because I voted the same as you, and I through that, because I do not under- coffers? So they are going to lobby and did not vote to cut Medicare. There is stand why they would so patently lie to send ads to make sure that they con- not a person in this Chamber here who the American people time and time tinue to live on the trough of all this voted to cut Medicare. We voted to in- again. Government spending? crease spending on Medicare by 50 per- This chart I think explains one of the Mr. EHRLICH. As the gentleman cent over a 7-year period from the cur- reasons that is going on. It show how knows, we have exposed, I think, ‘‘we’’ rent $4,800 per beneficiary to at least in our budget process we have been being the class in the new majority, $6,700 per beneficiary over 7 years. continuing to negotiate over how much have exposed a lot of very relevant in- b 1530 we are going to spend each year. The formation that the people of America Now, I do not know what kind of an top line shows the freshmen started need to know about, some nonprofits, idiot these people think the American out with $11.2 trillion. The gentleman some for-profits, some groups in this people are, but that is not a cut. The from , Mr. MARK NEUMANN, country, who continually take the tax- American people are smarter than who joined us here in the Chamber, de- payers’ money, not to spend it to help that. veloped a budget that would be bal- people, but to lobby Congress for more I would also like to comment on the anced in 5 years and only spend $11.2 money. fact that this Congress has not been trillion over that 7-year period. But we The gentleman has been a leader in working for working families, because did not pass that in the House. Instead this respect, and I congratulate him. we spend more than we take in. I would we passed a $11.78 trillion 7-year bal- Before our new colleagues begin, I like to challenge any one of you to try anced budget, and then negotiated with would like to respond for one minute to to make sense about how we can be for the Senate, where some of the Presi- the gentleman from California. I know working families while we cannot even dent’s allies inched it up to $11.9 tril- the gentleman from Arizona has some- balance our own budget, while we are lion. Then when we passed the act thing to say about this, too. deliberately spending more money than again this fall it went up a little bit The gentleman from California asked we are taking in. That is not good for further and further to this point, where are people this stupid? Are people this families. we are at $12.004 trillion. What the naive, to believe this sort of ad? I have Mr. HAYWORTH. If the gentleman President wants to do is add another good news for the gentleman. The an- would yield, that is exactly the point, $400 billion to that and take it up even swer is no. Calls coming into my office for this Congress should do no less than further. from union members eight to one say working families do every week or The bottom part of the chart shows ‘‘EHRLICH, stay the course. Balance the every month around the kitchen table, what they have done with the taxes. In budget. Protect me. Do what we sent trying to come to grips with their own the Contract With America we started you to Washington to do.’’ And there is family budget, to make adjustments, out with $358 billion of tax cuts for the a great distinction that big labor would to fight in part the battle of taxation American family. Then in compromis- not have us talk about, the gentleman that is too high, so that they know how ing with the Senate, we came to $245 from Arizona and California, and that best to allocate their resources gov- billion in tax cuts. Now the President is this: If the labor membership fol- erned by this simple fact: They do not wants to shrink that down to about $70 lowed labor leadership, the seven of us spend more than they take in or they billion of tax cuts. You can see the par- would not be on this floor today. We are faced with one of the worse 4-letter allel. As they cut back on tax relief would not be on this floor, because the words ever to come up, D-E-B-T, debt. and get more money for the Govern- membership understands where their December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14913 bread is buttered, and that is with a So I salute the gentleman from It is they want to take the $245 bil- balanced budget, and that is with a less Maryland for again exposing this. I lion of taxpayer money away from intrusive Federal Government. challenge the mass media to follow them so they can spend it on programs Mr. MCINTOSH. If the gentleman suit with their own reality checks, X, Y, and Z. That is why they do not would yield for one quick second, be- their own truth watches. want to give you back your taxpayer fore we switch from that point, let me I know perhaps if there is a footnote money, and I think, frankly, that the reinforce your message. When I go the gentleman would like to add, I just Republicans have done a very poor job home, I go through factory tours a lot, looked to the well and I know that of defending the tax cuts and explain- virtually every other weekend or so, your exploits on the gridiron among ing why they are so important. and I walk up and down the line and the members of this class are exceeded The first reason, there are two rea- ask people working for a living, ‘‘any only by our good friend who returned sons in my mind, the point I would like message for Washington? Anything you to his native Oklahoma to run for this to make before I yield to other gentle- wanted me to take back with me when body, but before that distinguished men to talk about the specifications of I go back there?’’ Time and time again himself in the National Football the tax package. The most important I hear from them, ‘‘Yeah, cut our League, and indeed entered that Hall of reason that we need to have $245 billion taxes. We are having a difficult time Fame, the best hands in the freshman in our tax relief for the American tax- making ends meet. If you guys take class and one of the brightest minds, I payer is just that. The Federal Govern- less of my paycheck, I can work for a would yield now to our good friend ment does not have a single dollar, ex- living and have a better life.’’ from Oklahoma, Mr. LARGENT. cept the dollars that they collect from Mr. LARGENT. I wanted to thank That is the message from the rank American taxpayers. We do not have my loquacious colleague from Arizona and file. It is not getting up to their any money, except for the money that for yielding to me. Really I begin my leadership. But, fortunately, the rank we take from the American taxpayers. time here by making a confession, and and file guys and women who are work- So the first and most important reason that is I have one of the poorest senses ing for a living know the difference, that we need tax relief in this country of direction in existence. In fact, I have and I think they are going to continue today is in order that the taxpayers gotten to the point where I do not even to support our effort to balance that can keep more of their hard-earned trust my own sense of direction. I have budget. money. on my key chain a compass that I Mr. RADANOVICH. So too in my dis- You see, there are some of us in Con- carry around with me in Washington, trict. When we faced the recent Gov- gress that believe that taxpayers and DC, and I found it has come in handy as ernment shutdown, I represent fortu- families can spend their money more we wander through the Halls of Con- nately an area that has three national wisely, more efficiently, more effec- parks, Yosemite, Kings and Sequoia gress. The reason I bring that up is that I tively for their families than we can in National Parks. Putting Federal em- found I have learned not to trust my Washington, DC. And I know that my ployees out of work and giving them own sense of direction. In fact, I get colleagues that are gathered here this time off, they get paid. They worry a particularly turned around when I go afternoon believe that. little bit, but they get retroactive pay. shopping in the mall with my wife, and But, second, and this is equally im- But in my district the people that suf- we go shopping for 2 or 3 hours, and go portant to understand, the reason that fered were those who depend on the in and out of the stores. By the time we the tax cuts are necessary is that it is tourist economies in these small com- are done shopping, I cannot find the a critical, an important, an unbeliev- munities, the one I was born and raised car. So what I have learned to do is as able mechanism to decrease the size of in, Mariposa, other communities, I come out of the mall and I am trying Government. You see, if we take that Oakhurst and Sonora, those areas, to determine which way the car is, if I $245 billion, as I said earlier, we are not those businesses suffered. I had people think it is to the right, I always go to going to apply it to the deficit. We are that suffered a 50-percent loss in reve- the left, and 99 percent of the time I not going to cut spending. We are going nues during that period of time. am right. to spend more. Still, the amount of response that I What I have also learned in my short b 1545 got during that time was at nine to time in Congress is that if everybody in one, ‘‘stay the course.’’ And what they Washington, DC is saying to go left, if And so the tax relief package that is called to say was that they are not I go right, I am probably doing the contained within the Balanced Budget buying this, because, thank God for right thing. And that really brings me Act of 1995 does just that, it not only Rush Limbaugh and C–SPAN, these to the point of why I have come here gives the taxpayers back their own people, the everyday American can this evening, and many of my col- money, but, at the same time, the Bal- spot somebody who is not telling the leagues are joining me here this anced Budget Act of 1995 reduces the truth. They are much more educated evening, and that is to talk about the size and cost of the Federal Govern- than before. This may have worked tax relief that is offered in the Bal- ment, at the same time still getting us over the last 40 years, but it is not anced Budget Act of 1995. to a path to a balanced budget in the working today. Because I want to tell you, and I also year 2002. So I have got faith in people. When I confess that even some of our Now, I would like to yield back to my walk down and talk to transportation, Repbublican colleagues have fallen colleague from Arizona and ask if he parcel post deliverers, and their on-line into this trap, that Washington, DC is would yield to our other colleagues employees, basically their message to saying ‘‘Go left, out into left field, on here that are prepared to talk about me was, ‘‘George, don’t bother coming the $245 billion tax cut, because the the tax relief specifics. home if you lose this budget battle.’’ American people are saying don’t give Mr. HAYWORTH. Mr. Speaker, I They say ‘‘Hang in there.’’ They know tax cuts; balance the budget.’’ thank the gentleman from Oklahoma exactly what is going on. But I want to make a very, very im- for restoring our sense of direction Mr. HAYWORTH. Reclaiming the portant point to the American people with his very illustrious examples, and time, I thank my friend from Califor- tonight, one that they need to under- I look to the other side of the aisle, nia for making that point. I thank my stand, that there is nobody in Washing- where in this special order we are friend from Maryland for making a ton, DC that is saying ‘‘Don’t do the joined by our colleagues, but I think very key distinction between those tax cuts in order that we can balance symbolically of the fact that we want who are bosses of big labor and those the budget sooner.’’ People need to to reach out to the other side of the who labor for a living. The miners in know that. People do not want the tax aisle; that we hope to work together to the Sixth District of Arizona, who want cuts because they want to spend the confront this next century, and I would to hand on to more of their paychecks, money here in Washington, DC. It is simply yield to my good friend from who understand the overburdensome not that they want to take $245 billion Nebraska, the gentleman who sits on taxation their families face, and who away from the taxpayers in order that the Committee on Ways and Means, came out in record numbers in 1994 to we can eliminate the deficit sooner where tax policy is formulated, our say that we want a change. than 2002. good friend Mr. CHRISTENSEN. H 14914 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 Mr. EHRLICH. Would the gentleman er it is in Arizona or Oklahoma or Ne- the family people do it and get us out from Nebraska bear with me for 20 sec- braska or South Carolina, and the of the business. onds? thought and the belief that they can I want to make one last point. If we Mr. CHRISTENSEN. I would gladly spend their own money better than divide the population of the United yield. Federal bureaucrats can in Washing- States into the budget of the United Mr. EHRLICH. I am happy of two ton, DC. I am a strong supporter and a States over a 7-year period, the Federal things: First; I have the time to speak believer in the fact that I know how to Government will spend $162,764 on a today; and, second, I never had to spend my buck better than some bu- family of 4. To me, that is enough. catch this guy. reaucrat down at Treasury. I yield back my time. Before the gentleman from Nebraska, That is why I believe that the tax Mr. HAYWORTH. Mr. Speaker, I our colleague, Mr. CHRISTENSEN, be- package has been compromised too thank my good friend from South Caro- gins, I would make one point that I much already, and I think that to lina for the points he makes and re- think is very relevant. We would love move off that $245 billion tax figure claiming my time, I just think it is im- to do every day what symbolically we would be a big mistake and would be a portant to understand one historical are doing here today; reaching out. win for the bureaucracy, a win for as- perspective to really stand in relief. However, the one precondition all of usual politics. I think that this fresh- It is worth noting that in 1992 can- us, and I think I speak for everyone in man class stands up and will make our didate Clinton talked about tax relief this majority feels that that pre- voices loud. for the middle class; and then, upon condition is every debate, every rea- Mr. LARGENT. Would the gentleman taking the oath of office, President sonable debate must be on facts. yield? Clinton gave us the largest tax in- When demagoguery and class warfare Mr. CHRISTENSEN. Yes, I would. crease in American history. And there and generational warfare run the air- Mr. LARGENT. I talked to the gen- has followed, from that broken prom- waves and run this floor, it is very dif- tleman earlier, and he mentioned, as a ise, a string of broken promises, not ficult to reach out. member of the Committee on Ways and only with taxation but with balancing I yield back and thank the gen- Means, that he had a figure for what this budget. tleman. the total tax cut package was in rela- And with that in mind, I would yield Mr. HAYWORTH. Mr. Speaker, re- tionship to the entire budget over the to our good friend from Wisconsin, who claiming my time, I think Robert J. next 7 years. Does the gentleman recall has done yeoman’s work, gotten in Samuelson said it best in The Washing- that figure? there, rolled up his sleeves, taken out a ton Post in a commentary of a few Mr. CHRISTENSEN. Less than 2 per- sharpened pencil and taken a true look weeks ago when he said, when one side cent. We are talking about less than 2 at what is at stake for the American continuously distorts the facts and re- percent of returning the people’s family and the American Nation with fuses to debate the policy, then the money back to them. Over the next 7 the budget. I yield time now to the purpose is not to debate, it is to de- years, all the budgets added up, 2 per- gentleman from Wisconsin. stroy. cent is what the tax package is. Is it Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Speaker, I thank Mr. Speaker, here to help destroy and asking too much of this Federal bu- the gentleman for this time, and I go shatter some of the myths that have reaucracy, of this Federal Government, back to what the gentleman from been propagated, again it is our good to return 2 percent of the money back South Carolina [Mr. GRAHAM] said. He friend, the gentleman from Nebraska. to the people? I think not. is exactly right here. The question is Mr. CHRISTENSEN. Mr. Speaker, I I yield to my friend from South Caro- how much money we are spending. And thank the gentleman for yielding, and lina. I would like someone, just someone out I think our friend from Tulsa has put Mr. GRAHAM. I thank the gen- there to call my office and say, we his finger on the problem, and that is tleman. think the Federal Government should this Government, Washington DC, has Anybody who is trying to bring this spend more money. That never hap- had an appetite for spending. All they to a conclusion and is listening, they pens. Nobody calls my office and says want to do is spend, spend, spend. The need to understand this. If we want to we are not spending enough money; more money going into the coffers, the take money from the family budget spend more money. That never hap- more they can spend. and spend it in Washington, DC, to get pens. This is not about whether it is $245 a deal, count me out. If we want to ad- Here is what has gone on with the billion or used to be $360 billion in tax just senior citizens’ payments to get budgets we have now and why we can- relief. What we are talking about now more money to spend in Washington, not reach agreement here. We have is the administration wanting to com- count me out. If we want to take $135 CBO-scored numbers, an apples-to-ap- promise and to increase the consump- billion of so-called new money and ples comparison of what is being spent tion of the Federal Government. spend it on Washington, DC, count me and where the deficits are going. One of the areas in the Ways and out. Mr. HAYWORTH. If the gentleman Means that we worked so hard on, and I think we are going to find a lot would yield for a second, would the I campaigned on for over 2 years, was more people saying exactly what I have gentleman please tell us what the acro- capital gains tax relief, the center- said. nym stands for and why it is so impor- piece, I believe, of getting this econ- What does $12 trillion mean? If any- tant? omy moving, keeping it a robust econ- one is doubting that there is room for Mr. NEUMANN. It is the Congres- omy, and returning people’s money a tax cut and a need for a tax cut, let sional Budget Office. And what is very back to where it belongs, in their own me tell my colleagues what the Federal significant in this is that we now are pockets and not in the Federal Govern- Government takes from us—$12 trillion using the same numbers to compare ment’s. Not in the bureaucracy. is spent in Washington. If we spent $1 our plans to balance the budget. In Nebraska alone, over 200,000 Ne- million a day it would take us 2,700 What I have on this chart with me is braskans will see relief from a capital years to spend $1 trillion. what the deficits are in each of the gains tax cut. As a matter of fact, the We have a $5 trillion debt. To retire years from now through the year 2002, overall tax package in Nebraska will $1 trillion of the national debt would be showing that in the Republican plan, see 580,000 Nebraskans benefit from a equivalent to $3,814 from every man, the plan that has been laid on the capital gains, a child care tax credit, or woman, and child in America. My col- President’s desk and has now been ve- some provision in our tax package. leagues and I all know that every toed, we go through the deficits. They That is putting money back in their American does not pay taxes. The ones go through a decline until we reach a pocket, taking it out of wasteful pro- that are paying, are paying a ton of it. $3 billion surplus in the year 2002. grams that have overspent and have I firmly believe that the Washington, Let me make this perfectly clear. gone into $5 trillion in debt over the DC, budget has got plenty of room to With CBO scoring, we do reach a bal- last 40 years. be reduced. The family budget is on a anced budget in the year 2002, as each What we are doing is talking about shoestring, and if we are going to let and every person standing in this room putting the trust in the people, wheth- people spend money on a family, let today promised their constituents, and December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14915 as we, as a Congress, have promised the was a contractual agreement; is that Mr. GRAHAM. He cut taxes at $78 bil- American people we would do. It has not correct? lion, and he is $115 billion out of bal- been done. Mr. NEUMANN. That is exactly ance. That is pretty good evidence that The President’s budget, last week, right. It was a written contractual the money that he took away from our and I have to tell my colleagues, I was agreement between the Republican tax cut went to spend more money on a little different than some of my col- leadership, between all of us when we the Federal Government. leagues even in this room. I said, let us voted on it, and the President of the Mr. CHRISTENSEN. Failed welfare wait and see. Let us take a good hard United States. That is exactly right. programs and failed social programs. look at the President’s budget and let So that the bottom line is these num- Mr. GRAHAM. I think that is a very us see what this budget says and see if bers are cut and dried, folks. This is telling point. we cannot reach a conclusion looking not a Republican-Democrat debate at Mr. CHRISTENSEN. Going through at the President’s budget. this point. This is a mathematical some of the areas, I just want to ask if We have it now. We have a fair com- statement of facts that I am bringing the gentleman’s understanding is the parison between the President’s budget to my colleagues. We do not have a bal- same as mine. Have we increased or de- and what was presented to him. They anced budget under the President’s creased spending in education, job are scored with the Congressional plan. It is $115 billion short in the last training, and student loans? Budget Office. The same set of numbers year. Mr. NEUMANN. We have clearly in- are evaluated in both plans. Mr. RADANOVICH. Would the gen- creased spending. Mr. CHRISTENSEN. Mr. Speaker, if tleman yield? Mr. CHRISTENSEN. How about Med- my friend from Wisconsin would yield Mr. NEUMANN. Sure. icare? for a quick question. Does that top Mr. RADANOVICH. I want to point Mr. NEUMANN. Medicare spending is number, with the plus 3, even include out, then, because the gentleman’s ex- going from $4,800 in the system to the tax cuts? ample here perfectly illustrates the $7,100 per person in the system over the Mr. NEUMANN. Yes, it does. It does frustration that we are experiencing in next 7 years. include the tax cuts. Mr. CHRISTENSEN. Veterans? Mr. CHRISTENSEN. So we balance Washington when we make a pledge to Mr. NEUMANN. Veterans’ benefits the budget in the year 2002, including the American people, many of us who are increased $400 million, and the HUD the $245 billion in tax cuts. The Presi- are here for the first time, that we are VA appropriations bill is the only one dent’s number is a lower amount in tax going to go back and balance the budg- of them that is increased. cuts and does not balance the budget; et, and then we run into a game of cha- Mr. CHRISTENSEN. How about wel- is that correct? rades basically, in order to drum up fare spending? Mr. NEUMANN. That is exactly phony numbers so that we can live up Mr. NEUMANN. Welfare spending is right. And here we can really clearly to our obligations made with regard to going up significantly, from about $90 define what the problems are as we balancing the budget in 7 years. billion to $140 billion this year to the work toward balancing the budget. As So, unfortunately, I think through year 2002. we can see, in year 7 of the President’s this process, if there is any good that Mr. CHRISTENSEN. I know in Ne- plan, we have a $115 billion deficit. can come out of it, would be commit- braska a lot of people have asked me I want to make this perfectly clear to ments made and kept, but also honest why are we spending so much. everyone in this room. As far as I am numbers. Because that is really what is Mr. NEUMANN. That is the question concerned, this is not about the Presi- driving, I think, the American people I keep coming back to. When I show dent or Democrats and Republicans nuts and driving this whole con- these numbers to my folks back home fighting with each other. This is about troversy right now. and I say. ‘‘Even under the Republican the future of our country. This is about Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Speaker, I think plan we are adding $635 billion to the our children’s future that we are talk- there is another important thing that debt over the next 7 years,’’ does the ing about here. We have to get this shows up here. If we were to put into gentleman know what they say to me? number, right here, where it says $115 law the Republican plan, exactly as it ‘‘Why are you doing that? Why are you billion of deficit, that has to be zero or was presented to the President, that doing that? Get this job done faster.’’ we have not balanced the budget. does get to a balance in 7 years, we That is why earlier this year we did It has to be a black number. It has to would still add $635 billion to the na- present a plan that balanced the budg- be a number that is a positive number tional debt over the next 7 years. So et in 5 years and then did something we or zero, or we, in fact, have not done under the Republican plan, we would be do not usually talk about here. It paid what we promised for the American adding $635 billion to the debt and we off the debt in a 30-year period of time, people, and that is balance the budget. have not solved all the problems yet. and we did not use any Social Security Mr. RADANOVICH. Would the gen- But under the President’s plan we trust fund money to do that. tleman yield? would be adding over $1 trillion, an Mr. GRAHAM. Did the gentleman Mr. NEUMANN. Be happy to yield. extra $365 billion to the Federal debt. view the media report a couple of days Mr. RADANOVICH. Mr. NEUMANN, And, folks, that is our children we are ago that had Mrs. Clinton testifying would you care to reiterate the results talking about. They will have to pay before Congress about Medicare saying of the last shutdown, and what was the that money back. that if we control the growth of Medi- agreement made by the administra- Mr. GRAHAM. Would the gentleman care, if we reduce it from 11 percent to tion, and how they would submit their yield? This has been a fascinating con- 6 to 7 percent, we can balance the budg- next budget? versation. The gentleman from Okla- et and protect Medicare and keep it Mr. NEUMANN. Sure. In the shut- homa [Mr. LARGENT] mentioned some- from going broke? Did the gentleman down in November, we reached a con- thing a while ago; that the game in see that report? clusion that extended the Government Washington is not to take the $245 bil- Mr. NEUMANN. I sure have. operations for a period of time. We all lion in tax cuts and to balance the Mr. GRAHAM. Is it not true that our promised, Republicans and Democrats, budget with the money, the game is to spending on Medicare is at 7.2 percent? that we would bring a plan to the table spend it. Mr. CHRISTENSEN. That is correct. that was balanced under a 7-year plan From what the gentleman has been Mr. GRAHAM. We are spending more with CBO scoring. able to tell me, and what the gen- on Medicare than her testimony. Is the This plan is not balanced on a 7-year tleman from Nebraska, JOHN gentleman aware of a speech that the plan with CBO scoring, and it does not CHRISTENSEN, has said, I think we have President made to an AARP group in keep the promise that was made as re- some pretty good evidence that is true. 1993—excuse me, 1995, where he indi- cently as November, that we would cated, might have been 1993; I do not b have a plan from both sides of the aisle 1600 want to get my facts wrong—where he that was balanced in 7 years using CBO Is it not fair to say that the Presi- indicated that Medicare and Medicaid scoring. dent’s tax cut plan is at $78 billion, I are driving the country broke. It is Mr. LARGENT. Would the gentleman believe? growing at 3 times the level of the pri- yield? That was not a promise. That Mr. NEUMANN. That is correct. vate sector. If we could reduce it to H 14916 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 twice the level of inflation, we could budget process and is deserving every be withdrawn as a cosponsor of the bill, take care of every senior citizen and accolade that this new Congress can H.R. 2644. balance that budget, and that is not provide. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. too much to ask. Is the gentleman I am holding here a certain financial CHAMBLISS). Is there objection to the aware that he made that statement? document. It is a check. I heard my request of the gentleman from Kansas? Mr. NEUMANN. Yes, and I have friend from Nebraska and my good There was no objection. heard so many times in our town hall friend from South Carolina lament the Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. Speaker, I meetings, people in Wisconsin are say- fact that the President of the United yield back to my good colleague, who ing, ‘‘Why are you increasing it at States was making allegations about is educating this body about the perils twice the rate of inflation?’’ Medicare that is part of the cacophony, that we are really in and what we can Mr. GRAHAM. Is it not a fact that we the mantra of the mediscare campaign do to help this and make the future for are increasing it twice the rate of infla- of the discredited American liberals our children better. tion? who cannot seem to face facts. So, how Mr. HAYWORTH. Mr. Speaker, I Mr. NEUMANN. Yes, it is. ironic it would be if this President, think the gentleman from Kansas and I Mr. GRAHAM. What he said to do; who has worked very hard with his own would invite him to join us here in this what Mrs. Clinton said to do. We are special interests to raise scads of historic Chamber to discuss issues of doing what they asked or told some- money for what will be a very difficult historic import as we are transforming body to do 2 years ago, and we are get- reelection campaign, again, Mr. Speak- this government, not by reinventing it, ting killed for it by them. er, the challenge goes out to everyone, but by remembering what works; re- Mr. CHRISTENSEN. Mr. Speaker, I including the President of the United membering that document from which would ask the gentleman from Wiscon- States, if they can show us a cut in all of this flows, that remarkable docu- sin [Mr. NEUMANN], was this the Presi- Medicare spending that goes from ment called the Constitution, and re- dent’s first try at balancing the budg- $4,800 this year now to $7,100 per bene- membering this fundamental premise: et? Which budget number is this as far ficiary in the year 2002, if there is some That when people are allowed to keep as the $115 billion figure? way to do that, then the Republican more of what they earn, the fruits of Mr. NEUMANN. This is budget No. 3. National Committee, Haley Barbour, their honest labor, and save, spend, and But in all fairness, I will point out that the national chairman, is prepared to invest it according to the dictates of this is, in fact, the closest we have pay up with $1 million. their conscience and their priority, been to a legitimate budget proposal. Mr. CHRISTENSEN. Would the gen- there is nothing selfish about that. This is the closest that he has been in tleman yield on that point? Your sen- I am sure what prompted my friend three tries to balance the budget. iors in Arizona will not be herded into to come to the floor was the evaluation Mr. CHRISTENSEN. The first budget just one program, will they? They will of our colleague from Nebraska, who wound up in the Senate with a 99-to- have an opportunity for a number of has spent countless hours on the Ways nothing vote. choices. and Means Committee drafting tax re- Mr. GRAHAM. It was 96. Mr. HAYWORTH. And freedom of form and reduction policy, who in- Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Speaker, I have choice is one of the fascinating things formed us earlier that less than 2 per- to wrap up my part of this. Can I con- about Medicare-Plus. And just as the cent of this vast array of money we are clude very briefly here? This Nation of benefits per beneficiary increase, so do talking about, less than 2 percent in ours, this great country our ours, is in the opportunities and options for sen- the grand scheme of things is used for trouble. We are $5 trillion in debt. We iors under Medicare-Plus. tax cuts. are sinking fast. We have got deficits Speaking of opportunities and op- Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. Speaker, if every year through the year 2002. tions, as I reclaim the time, let me also the gentleman would yield, I think it is Every time this Nation has been in turn to our good friend from Kansas a tremendous point and that that needs trouble in the past, do my colleagues who has a couple of housekeeping to be driven home to this body even know what has happened? The Amer- items which we need to allow him to more. Right now, the Federal Govern- ican people have joined together and take care of, but also may have some ment, and this is a massive amount, it solved the problems. Not Democrats, observations. Let me yield time to the is hard to understand, takes 22 percent not Republicans; Americans. gentleman from Kansas [Mr. of the U.S. economy. It is the Federal It is time for us, the Members of this BROWNBACK]. Government. This huge piece, 22 per- Congress and the President of the Unit- Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. Speaker, I ap- cent. ed States, not as Democrats, not as Re- preciate my colleague from Arizona Now, the gentleman from Arizona I publicans, but as Americans first, to yielding to me. This $1 million check, I am sure probably knows this figure, get the job done that American people think, is a clear statement to the but in 1950 does the gentleman know sent us here to do and to get the job American people, to anybody anywhere what percent of the U.S. Government done that we promised we would do on in the world, that if there is a real cut was of the Federal economy? their behalf when we came here. in Medicare, show us. We will pay them Mr. HAYWORTH. I know the gen- Mr. RADANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, I $1 million. tleman from Kansas will inform us all. thank the gentleman from Wisconsin The point of it is, and it is just to Mr. BROWNBACK. It was about 4 very much for bringing this informa- make a point, there are no cuts in Med- percent. Can the gentleman imagine tion. I want to say briefly that our pri- icare. I appreciate my colleagues ex- what the liberation would be of this orities in this process in defending, to plaining that to this body, so that this Nation, of the people here, if the Fed- a degree, the increase in the debt even body can understand, as I think most eral Government, instead of 22 percent, under our plan, is that we are commit- of them do, but in some cases act like was just 4 percent? Or, what if we got ted right now with priorities of a 7- they do not, what the situation really from 22 percent to 15 percent? There year balanced budget; the second being is. would be a blossoming across America CBO scoring, which we are still work- I particularly appreciate the earlier of growth, of productivity, of jobs, of ing on; the third being the quick elimi- dialog that I have been watching as opportunities, of people going forward nation of the deficit and the debt. well, saying to this body and educating themselves and saying, ‘‘My goodness, Unfortunately, under our plan, while this body, look, we are in a dire situa- why were we carrying such a heavy we are working at eliminating the defi- tion. We have got to do that and we load?’’ cit, we are unfortunately still adding have got to do that compassionately The next number of years, what has to the debt. But after that deficit is and we are doing it compassionately. to take place in this country is we have gone, then the debt gets worked down. f to shrink the public sector, because the Mr. HAYWORTH. Mr. Speaker, I private sector is tired of carrying it thank the gentleman from California, REMOVAL OF NAME OF MEMBER and cannot carry it any further. That and I thank our good friend from Wis- AS COSPONSOR OF H.R. 2644 is what we are trying to do. It is not consin who once again demonstrates Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. Speaker, I Draconian; it is very compassionate to why he has been the workhorse of the ask unanimous consent that my name help people. December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14917 This could be one of the greatest ited powers, the Federal Government THE NATIONAL DEBT Christmas gifts that we could give the would not be 22 percent of the econ- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. American people, my children, and our omy. It would not be the burden that it CHAMBLISS). Under a previous order of future grandchildren, and the children is today. We would not have as much the House, the gentleman from Maine of the gentleman from Arizona, to get centralization; we would have much [Mr. LONGLEY] is recognized for 5 min- this down so that they can be liberated more decentralization and things out utes. and free. amongst the people where they could Mr. LONGLEY. Mr. Speaker, this Mr. HAYWORTH. Mr. Speaker, I control them closer to home and closer afternoon I would like to again call thank the gentleman from Kansas, be- to them. attention to the fact that as of 3 cause he makes an incredibly valid That was the original design, and I o’clock this afternoon, the Nation’s point that really should be the founda- think we have gotten away from that Federal debt, official debt, is tion of our labors in the days to come. to our peril. The gentleman has a par- $4,988,313,115,981.39. Very interesting, As the controversy continues to sur- ticularly good effort going on, that be- this is again an additional decrease of round this new direction in which we fore any bill is introduced, before it is $126 million, actually almost $127 mil- are heading, returning to those values taken up on the floor, that the con- lion. which made us great, it is worth noting stitutional basis for that bill would be As a new Member of Congress, Mr. that in the spirit of the season, the discussed. Speaker, I have to confess that I did greatest gift we can give to our chil- Mr. HAYWORTH. Reclaiming the not come here with all of the answers, dren, we can give to our grandparents, time, and the purposes to which we and very frankly I am not sure I even we can give to our parents, and we can must reaffirm ourselves, to which we understood all of the problems. But one give to generations yet unborn, is a must devote our attentions, for just as of the problems that I want to bring to stable environment in which this con- we take an oath, as we took an oath in my colleagues’ attention today is that stitutional Republic can flourish, and this Chamber collectively, just as the a member of the Committee on the individual initiative can be rewarded. newest Member, the gentleman from Il- Budget asked me earlier in the week So, that is the challenge and that is linois did today, taking an oath to de- whether this number was accurate. the great gift and the great oppor- fend and uphold the Constitution of the Under his recollection, the national tunity that we trust our colleagues on United States, it is more than lip serv- debt limit was actually $4.9 trillion. As the other side of the aisle will join us ice. we can see, the number before us today in giving the American people this sea- Mr. Speaker, good people may dis- is $4.988 trillion plus $300 million, or son of the year. agree and we champion those disagree- literally $4 trillion, $988 billion, $88 bil- Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. Speaker, if ments and we want to have open, hon- lion more than the official national the gentleman would yield just a mo- est debate on different priorities, but I debt. ment, because the gentleman from Ari- think the gentleman from Kansas real- Frankly, that caused me to go back zona has been deeply involved in, and ly hit the nail on the head when he dis- to my office staff and question whether started, what has been called the Con- cussed the Jeffersonian ideal, the ideal we had appropriately researched the stitutional Caucus. I would ask the of the one whom our friends on the number. Well, lo and behold, we have gentleman if the Founding Fathers other side of the aisle claim as their researched the number, and this is the were alive today, does the gentleman ideological benefactor, one of their correct number because, in addition to think they would find that we have a Founders. the $4.9 trillion of Federal debt, we constitutional government existing have authorized another $88 billion of b 1615 and operating in Washington? debt that does not count against the Mr. HAYWORTH. Mr. Speaker, re- When Jefferson called for limited and limit. claiming the time, I thank the gen- effective government, that is the dis- As if that were not enough, earlier in tleman for the question. I think they tinction, not that Government should the week, Mr. Speaker, I addressed this would find a government that has be- be reduced beyond recognition so that Chamber on the basis of a New York come a hybrid, and I do not mean that the people are not empowered, that Times article from Wednesday, Decem- in a good sense. I know the gentleman Government has a rightful role in soci- ber 6, 1995, wherein it indicated that has great background in agriculture. ety, but it is a limited and effective the administration, since November 15 Perhaps it would be more accurate to Federal Government which makes the of this year, has actually borrowed an- say a mutant, constitutionally mu- difference and to which the gentleman other $61.3 billion on top of the $88 bil- tated from this document here, which from Kansas has devoted his energies, lion that does not count as part of the is our cornerstone, read and reshaped indeed as part of this new majority. I national debt. In addition to the $4.9 and stretched ofttimes beyond recogni- thank him for all the efforts he has trillion that is the national debt, the tion from its original intent to fit the made in so many different ways to re- administration borrowed that $61 bil- explosive growth of an evermore cen- alize that dream for our children, for lion from the Federal Civil Service re- tralized bureaucracy, a bureaucracy our parents, for our grandparents, and, tirement accounts and that apparently that spends even more. indeed, for the American Nation. that was permissible under law. I hope So, we have stretched it out. It is our Again, it is worth noting and we that in the earlier vote in the after- mission, and that is why I am so glad again issue the challenge. To those who noon that we are able to pass a meas- to have our colleague from Kansas to disagree with us, Mr. Speaker, to those ure that will preclude that. join in restoring constitutional govern- who offer the endless mantra of The point I want to make today is ment, recognizing the legislative disinformation about so-called Draco- that, the more I as a new Member of branch has every bit the role of self-ex- nian cuts with reference to the Medi- Congress, Mr. Speaker, learn about the amination and introspection that the care Plus Program, again, Mr. Speaker, nature and the extent of the problems judicial branch is afforded through the we ask them, show us the mathemati- with Federal spending, the more notion of judicial review, that the ex- cal operation that takes an increase alarmed I become. Literally, just in the ecutive branch uses, that we together, from $4,800 of spending per Medicare last 3 days I have found $88 billion of with those other two branches, can re- beneficiary this year and over 6 years debt that we were not counting against store constitutional government. That time increases it to $7,100 per bene- the national debt. That is on top again is exactly the challenge to use this ficiary, show us where that is a cut, of another $60 billion that has been timeless document as we confront the and $1 million will be paid to them. borrowed out of Civil Service retire- next century. In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, I would ment accounts. That is over $150 bil- Mr. BROWNBACK. I think it also ties not this. I cited Benjamin Franklin lion. We were not even counting it. We into this overall issue of the budget de- earlier. Will Rogers offered an update are not even counting it. This is over bate. If we would get back to what the in the mid-20th century before his un- and above the congressionally author- Founding Fathers had envisioned of a timely death: ‘‘The only thing certain ized limit of $4.9 billion. limited Federal Government and say- is death and taxes, but death does not I have to mention this afternoon that ing this is a limited government of lim- get worse every time Congress meets.’’ another bit of information came to my H 14918 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 attention. That is that the new budget, again and that tomorrow, even if a licans in this House and in the Senate Mr. Speaker, that has been submitted budget agreement is not going to be and the one that was vetoed by the by the administration is actually not reached, which I do not think is likely President were to take effect. We now going to balance within 7 years. This is at this point, that we pass another con- know that this budget is not going to a serious issue because we came to a tinuing resolution so that the Govern- take effect because the President has solemn agreement about 3 weeks ago ment continue to operate. vetoed it. When he vetoed it in his mes- wherein the administration and the I was very upset this morning when I sage he specifically said that Medicaid Congress agreed that we were going to read that, although President Clinton was a major reason for the veto and balance the budget in 7 years and use had offered a continuing resolution to that the major problem he had with Congressional Budget Office numbers. continue the operations of the Govern- the Republican Medicaid proposal Again, there was an issue of debate ment for at least another week or pos- under this budget was that it failed to over whether we should use CBO num- sibly beyond, and although the Repub- guarantee health care coverage for bers of OMB numbers. lican leadership in the Senate had those people who are now covered by To be perfectly honest, I do not care agreed to a similar continuation, that Medicaid. When we talk about Medic- whose numbers we use, but we owe it to Speaker GINGRICH and the Republican aid, we are talking about health insur- the children of this country and to the leadership in this House had not. I ance for low-income people in this public to use the most conservative would hate to see, once again, that country. Most of those are either sen- numbers. If we are going to meet the after tomorrow the Government shuts ior citizens or children or the disabled goal of balancing the budget in 7 years, down. or, in some cases also, pregnant I think we should take the most cau- I would urge the Speaker GINGRICH women. tious course to get there. and the Republican leadership in this Right now under Federal law people The issue in Washington, in this House, along with what the Senate has below a certain income who are not body, Mr. Speaker, is not whether we decided and what President Clinton has covered by any other health insurance are going to balance the Federal budg- decided, which is that we should put are eligible for Medicaid. The Federal et, because we are going to balance the our differences aside and not use the Government guarantees them that as Federal budget. The question is how. Government shutdown as leverage to- an entitlement, as we say. And they That is where partisan debate is appro- ward trying to pressure one group or are also provided with certain standard priate, where Republicans can present the other into its own ideology. My coverage. In other words, not only are their version of how to balance the view is that the Government should they guaranteed health insurance but Federal budget; Democrats can present continue to operate while the Presi- they are given certain things as part of their view of how to balance the Fed- dent and the Congress, while the Demo- an overall health care package which is eral budget. And together, like all of crats and the Republicans try to find similar to what most Americans get, the households in my district, includ- common ground on the budget. although in many cases maybe not ing Republican households, Democratic Let me also add that as the previous quite the same quality or the same ex- households, Independent households, speaker said, there really is no dis- tensive coverage. It is a pretty good all of whom have to take responsibility agreement anymore that we should health care package. for balancing their budgets, and they achieve a balanced budget or even on The problem that the President has may do it differently. That is what is the timetable of approximately 7 years. with the Republican budget and the wonderful about America, is that we do But there are still major disagreements problem that I and most of the Demo- have a lot of differences between us, over the priorities. I would suggest crats have is that this Medicaid pro- but we need here in this body, as Re- that part of that agreement a few gram under the Republican proposal publicans and Democrats, to come to- weeks ago on the continuing resolution would basically be turned over to the gether to balance the Federal budget. to keep the Government open specifi- States. The money would be block I hope, Mr. Speaker, that over the cally said that the priorities would in- granted. It would be up to the States to next 24 hours as we approach tomor- clude Medicare, Medicaid, the environ- decide who would be eligible and what row’s deadline that we will once and ment and education and that these pro- they would be eligible for. So for the for all be able to work together, Repub- grams, particularly Medicare and Med- first time in probably 30 years since licans and Democrats in this body, icaid, would continue to be viable and Medicaid was enacted here in this with a Democratic President who will cover the people who are now eligible House, for the first time you would no keep his word and submit a budget that for them in a manner which ensures longer have an entitlement or a guar- will balance in 7 years. quality health care for Medicare and antee that the people who now receive f Medicaid recipients. Medicaid could continue to have the The President put forth a 7-year bal- coverage. THE BUDGET anced budget within the last week or If we block grant the money and the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under so that made sure that Medicare and amount of money which is allocated is the Speaker’s announced policy of May Medicaid, the environment and edu- significantly less, which it is under the 12, 1995, the gentleman from New Jer- cation were properly provided for and Republican proposal, it is a cut of sey [Mr. PALLONE] is recognized for 60 guaranteed that those programs would about $163 billion. Then we are not minutes as the designee of the minor- continue to cover everyone and that only not guaranteeing coverage for a ity leader. quality health care would be ensured lot of the people who now have Medic- Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I want for seniors and low-income individuals aid coverage, but we are also making to start off by following up on what the under the two Federal health care pro- sure that because less money is going previous speaker said about tomorrow. grams. But the Republican leadership to the States in real terms, that the As many of us know, tomorrow is the has not come back with a similar pro- States will have to cut back on who is day when the continuing resolution ex- posal. So far they have not put forward eligible or perhaps cut back on the pires. This was the agreement that any compromise plan that would not kind of benefits that are provided to both Democrats and Republicans, both only achieve a balanced budget in 7 those who they plan to cover under Congress and the President, agreed a years but also put sufficient funds in Medicaid. few weeks ago that they would extend the Medicare and Medicaid programs This is a major problem. It is a major operations, Government operations and and provide a guarantee that those problem because what it ultimately not shut down the Government while people who are now eligible for Medi- would lead to is that the ranks of the we continued to try to work toward a care and Medicaid would continue to be uninsured in this country would grow. budget agreement. provided for. Right now we estimate that there are It is unfortunate that tomorrow is I want to stress today in the time about 35 to 40 million Americans who about to arrive and we still have not that I have allotted to me the problems have no health insurance, many of worked out that budget agreement. that would occur, particularly with re- them working. If we are now going to But I think the most important thing gard to the Medicaid program, if the increase the ranks of those people and is that the Government not shut down budget that was passed by the Repub- add 5 or 10 million more people to the December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14919 ranks of the uninsured, that puts a tre- percent is paid by the Federal Govern- overseas tax issues that will ultimately mendous burden on our health care ment, and 50 percent is paid by the hurt, cost American jobs, and it is, as system that either people do not get State government. So, if the Federal you said, it is a tax break mostly for care or someone else has to pay for it. Government puts up 50 cents, or say the richest people in the country, and b 1630 the Federal Government puts up a dol- then I hear our friends, some of the lar, the State has to match it, and $2 Gingrich freshmen, as they are termed You pay for it yourself either because are then available, so to speak, for around here, that are on the floor a your Blue Cross or your health insur- Medicaid recipients. But the funding moment ago talking about how the ance rates will go up to cover these formula was changed in the Republican Democrats always engage in class war- other people’s care or they do not get budget so that essentially no State fare. any care at all. would have to spend more than 40 cents Well, the fact is when you increase One of the problems that—these are to qualify for 60 cents in Federal taxes on people making $15,000 a year, just some of the general problems, I money. What that means is that some and then you cut taxes on people mak- should say, that exist with the Repub- States may decide because of a budget ing 10 times that, $15,000 a year, that is lican Medicaid proposal, but I wanted crunch that rather than put up the full the most insidious kind of class war- to get into a few more specific ones, dollar to match the Federal dollar they fare. You take money from the work- some of which have been cited by the will only put up 40 cents and get 60 ing poor people that are working at President, that have an impact not cents in Federal dollars, which means Wal-Mart, or working at Kmart, or only on low-income Americans, but that half as much money is then avail- working at a minimum-wage job, and also on many other Americans. One of able, or significantly less money is maybe her husband or wife are working the things that needs to be pointed out then available, for the Medicaid Pro- in similar kinds of jobs, and their taxes is that right now the majority of the gram. This simply contributes again to are increased when they are playing by people who receive nursing home care the whole question of how much money the rules. They may not even have in this country have that nursing home is going to be available for Medicaid health insurance with their full-time coverage paid for by Medicaid. In fact under the Republican proposal and how jobs, and they have a tax increase at we estimate that 68 percent of all nurs- much the States are going to seek to the same time somebody making 2, or ing home residents rely on Medicaid to cut back, either by denying eligibility 3, or $400,000 a year gets a tax break pay bills that average $38,000 a year. to certain individuals or cutting back that amounts to in many cases $20,000. Now just as there is no guarantee on the coverage that is available for At the same time they cut Medicare, that children, or disabled people, or the individuals who are now eligible for they cut Medicaid, much of which goes people who are in the community Medicaid. to not just elderly people in nursing would be covered by Medicaid under I want to, if I could, get into some of homes, but goes to disabled kids and the Republican proposal, there is a the other problems that have been other people that have some sort of dis- guarantee that nursing home coverage raised with regard to Medicaid in this ability that they have very expensive would be provided or that the people budget, but before I do that, I think medical care, and that is, as I said, the who now receive Medicaid to cover maybe the best thing, because someone most insidious kind of class warfare their nursing home bills will continue always says to you, well, what is your where people playing by the rules and to have the Federal Government pay answer; my answer is very simple. If working hard have their taxes go up. for their nursing home care. In fact, you look at the level of Medicaid cuts They may not make much, they have based on the level of cuts that is pro- and Medicare cuts in this Republican their taxes go up, and people that are vided under this Republican budget, we budget bill, basically what it is being getting much, much more get a whole estimate that about 330,000 people used for is to finance tax breaks pri- lot more tax breaks, and I do not think could be denied nursing home coverage marily for wealthy Americans. There that is the values that this country at the end of the 7-year period that the are about $243 billion in tax breaks pri- represents, to penalize those people budget covers, in other words, the year marily for wealthy Americans that are who are struggling, and playing by the 2002. And then the question becomes included in this budget. If you were to rules, and barely making it without who is going to pay, where are those eliminate those tax breaks, money health care, trying to raise their kids, people going to get the money if the could go back into Medicaid as well as not be on welfare, working hard. Their Federal Government under Medicaid into Medicare, and we would continue taxes go up, and this whole Gingrich does not pay for it? to have viable programs, we would not budget is taking money from the mid- Well, one of the things that is built have to block grant, we would not have dle class and the poor and transferring into this Republican proposal is basi- to change the current guarantee of eli- that money to the richest people, peo- cally an effort or the ability for the gibility. So that is the real answer in ple that do not even live in my dis- first time for the Government, be it the my opinion in this whole budget deal trict—I have a lot of wealthy people in State or whatever level of government, and what needs to be done as part of my district. to go after the spouses or the children the whole budget negotiations. They are not coming to me saying, of nursing home recipients, those who Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman ‘‘Hey, give us a tax break for the would be eligible for nursing home from Ohio [Mr. BROWN]. wealthiest of us.’’ They are saying, care, and to seek the spouses’ assets or Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I ‘‘Get this budget balanced, and don’t the children’s assets in order to pay for am troubled by the Gingrich budget, hurt Medicare and Medicaid doing it,’’ the care that is not covered by the Fed- makes $270 billion cuts in Medicare, as and that is what troubles me the most eral Government. What happens is that you have pointed out, makes about $180 about this Gingrich budget is that it is the right of individuals essentially billion in cuts in Medicaid. Much of waging class warfare on the most vul- right now under the current law, cer- that, much of those cuts, will be money nerable people and people that are tainly assets of the spouse or the chil- taken from senior citizens that may working hard, and trying to pay their dren are simply not eligible as assets live on 10, or 12, or $15,000 a year. Much bills, and trying to buy a house, and for the Government to take, but that is of the Medicaid cuts come from people trying to save a little money for their essentially repealed or changed signifi- who have spent down the money that kids’ college, and then giving money, cantly under this Republican budget so they might have and have a husband or taking that money from the working that what we will see is a lot of people, a wife in a nursing home, and, as you poor in many cases and people of the a lot of spouses and children, having to point out, might lose their home that middle class and transferring that contribute perhaps in a major way in they have paid for over 35 or 40 years of money to the richest people. It simply order to pay for their parents’ or their marriage. does not make sense. spouse’s nursing home coverage. But all of this to pay for this tax Mr. PALLONE. I appreciate the gen- The other thing that is kind of insid- break for the wealthiest people in the tleman from Ohio [Mr. BROWN] for com- ious, I would say, in this whole pro- country, a tax break eliminating a tax ing here today and expressing what he posal is that right now, under current on corporations that required some just said, and I would just like to fol- law, Medicaid is a matching fund. Fifty minimum payment dealing with some low up on two points, and maybe you H 14920 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 could, you know, respond to what I am That is why this is wrong in order to Mr. OLVER. And that—those 12 mil- saying. give that big tax break to the richest lion families lose $30 billion total in There are many points that you people in this country. That is wrong. loss of that credit that means in- made, but the two that stick in my Mr. PALLONE. The other thing is creased taxes. Is it not ironic that in mind right off the bat: First of all, you that one of the major concerns that we this process of giving tax reductions are pointing out that not only are a lot have had in this Congress, in the pre- and selling the whole thing as if it is a of these tax breaks going to wealthy vious Congress, on a bipartisan basis is great thing for middle-class Ameri- Americans; we know that the lion’s the need for welfare reform, to get peo- cans, that people who are of low in- share does, but that actually for many ple off of welfare and to have them come, but working, are going to actu- Americans who are working that are work, and if you cut back on this ally see their taxes increased? earned income tax credit, which basi- lower income, they are actually having b 1645 to pay a tax increase because this Re- cally is affecting many people who There will be $30 billion of increase of publican Gingrich budget actually re- maybe just got off welfare and have taxes, and that 12 million American peals the earned income tax credit. So been encouraged to work, they will families is going to get translated into maybe we should get into that a little find, if they are not making that much giving $125 billion of tax reduction to bit and explains how that works. money, that maybe it is more bene- only about 2 million families who al- The way I understand, and you cor- ficial for them to stay on welfare. Also, and you were in the State legis- ready start with more than $100,000 of rect me, is that right now people who income per year. Those families at the are below $25,000 to $30,000, whatever, lature so you know, as I was, that of- tentimes what happens is if—the State very upper end of the scale are going to who are working, they are able to get a get a huge amount of money from this tax credit which can be something like legislature have made the effort over the last 10 years to try to expand Med- process, but the $30 billion that is $1,500 a year, whatever, depending on taken away from families who have their income, and that what the Repub- icaid coverage to cover working people, even though Medicaid is for low-in- less than $25,000 a year to live on, those lican budget has done is to either are the people who are going to pay eliminate that for some or cut back come people, oftentimes it covers peo- ple who work. And we have expanded right through the nose for the process significantly so that if you are making of giving the tax breaks to families under $30,000 now, you may actually be Medicaid coverage to people that are working who may be making a little who really do not need them, who are paying more taxes under this budget already doing pretty well, who have proposal. more than people on welfare to encour- age them to work because now they made their way very well with the Mr. BROWN of Ohio. If the gen- have Medicaid benefits. Well, if those American dream. There is nothing tleman would yield, that is exactly are likely to be the first ones that are wrong with the American dream, that right. If you are making $15,000 or back because they are a little higher is a great idea. But they are not the $20,000 or $25,000 a year under the Ging- income than the people on welfare, so ones who need it in these very tight rich plan your taxes will go up on the that if you deny them their Medicaid times. average of about $25 or $30 a month. benefits, and you deny them their Mr. STUPAK. If the gentleman will Similarly, if you are now a Medicare earned income tax credit, they will yield, in northern Michigan where I am beneficiary, your premium in this have less incentive to work, and we ac- from, it is about 35,000 families who Gingrich budget plan will go up about tually end up reversing what we are will lose that earned income tax credit. $40 to $50 a month. trying to accomplish. More people go I had a young mother who had three Now to a Member of Congress, wheth- back to welfare, and less people work, children. She was divorced. Even er it is NEWT GINGRICH or any of us as so it makes no sense. though her husband was paying child Members of Congress, $25 or $50 a I would like to yield—joined by the support, she said what the earned in- month probably does not matter much, gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. come tax credit meant to her. She said, and that is unfortunately the way, I OLVER]. ‘‘When I would receive my earned in- think, that the people that voted for Mr. OLVER. I thank the gentleman come tax credit, it allowed me to get this bill think about it, that it is only for yielding, and I very much appre- caught up on my bills. If I got a little $25 a month or $50 a month. It is $25 a ciate that you have provided us with behind in the last year, or if the car month for that family making $20,000 a this time to talk about some of these needed a new set of tires, I had money year; it is only $50 a month for that issues, and since we are talking about for a new set of tires for the car,’’ so senior citizen that brings in $10,000 or the earned income tax credit and its ef- she could go back and forth to work, to $12,000 a year. But the fact is, that is a fect upon people with moderate in- support her family. It kept them a de- lot of money if you are in that income come, I wonder how many people really gree of respect and dignity and off pub- bracket. Twenty-five dollars a month understand how extensive this is. lic assistance. for some family making $20,000 a year There are something like 12 million So this earned income tax credit, means new shoes for their kids in Sep- people who end up losing that earned which is being eliminated just so we tember when they go to school, it income tax credit. Remember earned can give a tax break to the wealthiest might—it means maybe once in a while income tax credit means that, if you 1 percent in this country and the large taking their kids to a ball game, it have been working and you are paying corporations who no longer will have means a lot to a family like that. taxes out of your paycheck, that you to pay the alternative minimum cor- Fifty dollars a month for a Medicare were eligible, if your income was very porate tax, is really in this time of a beneficiary means medicine, or means low—if even with working, one or both Christmas season, really, if I can say paying for a rent increase, or means persons in the family working, your in- the word ‘‘heartless.’’ I mean the folks paying if it is a particularly cold win- come was still under the $25,000 or so who need the help the most, to give ter and paying those heating bills, and level, you were eligible for some money them a little respect, a little dignity, a that is what the Gingrich plan, the back, and it is 12 million American little pride, to help them keep off of people for that plan, do not think families that are in that category. public assistance, to help them to about, is that $25 increase, $25-a-month Now from my State, which is a little make it on their own, the whole philos- tax increase for somebody making smaller than each of yours—in fact, a ophy here is being rejected while we $15,000 a year, is pretty hard on them. little smaller than all of us standing are giving the corporations a tax That $50 premium increase, that here—from my State it is, oh, about break. I really have a great, great prob- monthly $50 premium increase for a 400,000 or so families in the State. My lem with that aspect of this Gingrich Medicare beneficiary, that hits them guess is that for the gentleman from contract on America plan. pretty hard when they are seeing the Ohio it must be close to a million fami- You were talking about Medicaid. Be- cost of prescription drugs go up and lies in—well, it would not be quite that sides the earned income tax credit, they are seeing their own heating bills many. Medicaid, if I may quote from the go up or whatever—whatever difficul- Mr. BROWN of Ohio. About 500,000 in Michigan Health and Hospital Associa- ties they are facing. Ohio. tion which says, ‘‘We fear that the December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14921 Medicaid block grant program, health pleasure to join with them this after- will be 395,000 long-term care patients services for the most vulnerable popu- noon, and I particularly thank the gen- that are likely to lose their Medicaid lations, the elderly living in nursing tleman from New Jersey [Mr. PALLONE] payment for their care next year if this homes, the poor, the children, may be for his invitation to participate and for bill is approved. That is an unbeliev- jeopardized as hospitals who continue his being here, tirelessly, just about able and staggering number of people to bear a disproportionate share of the every single evening. who, one, will not have the care, but burden of caring for these individuals, Mr. Speaker, I would like to talk whose families, working families today face reduced payments.’’ about the Medicaid issue from the in our country, are going to pick up What that means to me, if I can read same perspective, but maybe a slightly the slack somewhere. between the lines here, not only the fi- different one. First of all, I think some- You are not going to see your moth- nancial impact on these families that times people misunderstand what Med- er, your father, a dear aunt or uncle or need the assistance, but in my district, icaid is all about, and they have an im- so forth, be out in the street. What is northern Michigan, my biggest town is pression that it truly in fact does not more, what is of equal concern, is that maybe 17,000 people. I have many, affect their lives, that this is a pro- with the repeal of these family protec- many, small hospitals. They have, as gram, if you will, for poor people or tions you are going to see that adult the letter says from the Michigan Hos- people who are out there that they children—you can put a lien on the pital Association, they bear a dis- have nothing to do with, and it does home of an adult child if you do not proportionate share of the burden for not in some way affect their own lives. meet the State median in terms of in- caring for these people. But under The fact of the matter is that two- come. If you fall below your State median these block grant proposals, the Medic- thirds of the expenditures of the Medic- in income, and in the State of Con- aid, the hospitals in the rural areas, aid program are for people who are in necticut it is $41,000, and if you make which are usually my largest employ- nursing homes. more than $41,000—and in many middle ers, will be faced with tremendous cuts, Let me give an example of the people class homes today with two working which means lost revenue and cuts in in Connecticut. Sixty percent to sev- parents you see above that number, enty percent of seniors who are in staff. and it may be slightly above that num- Here is the mother who finally got nursing homes in the State of Con- ber—you then are now liable to pick up through school, thanks to the earned necticut today have their health care costs for your parent or your loved income tax credit and a couple of other paid for either partially or in whole by one’s nursing home care. They can things, who is not working, and prob- the Medicaid Program, so that millions come in and put a lien on your house. ably has the lowest seniority; she will of families, intergenerationally, really If you are in rural America or in farm probably be the first one to be laid off are dependent upon Medicaid to pro- country, they can put a lien on your when all these cuts go through. The vide essential, essential health care. farm to help to pay the cost of nursing What the Gingrich plan does is, it is rippling effect here of not only the home care. This is written in the fine a raid on Medicare, and essentially this Medicare and Medicaid cuts, and they print in this Medicaid law, which many raid is an unconscionable assault on are cuts, make no mistake about it, it people do not know about. is going to be devastating on small the values of middle-class Americans. In addition to that, there is no longer rural communities as well as our urban I would like to mention a couple of a requirement, there are no more Fed- areas. things about what is intended, as well eral regulations on nursing home Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I think as the cutback. The Congress voted standards; every State can do what one of the things the gentleman is last month to turn Medicaid into a they want. No one wants to believe pointing out and that the gentleman block grant program, to slash the pro- that States are going to be evil, bad, or from Ohio stressed is that, if anything, gram by $163 billion. That is over the that State legislatures are bad people, our support for the Medicaid Program next 7 years. Particularly startling but the fact of the matter is that is you and our concern about the low-income about the block grant approach and the have a money crunch in your State and people who are impacted by the Medic- one other one-third cut in the Medicaid it is going to cost more to make sure of aid Program is not an issue of class program is the repeal of the family pro- those nursing home standards, and warfare, but just the opposite. tections which have to do, quite hon- those are the ones where they could re- What you are pointing out is that ev- estly, with all of us, if we have senior train your father or your mother, they eryone suffers because of these Medic- loved ones, parents, or relatives who could use mind-altering drugs, that aid, becauses Medicaid cuts, and when may potentially have to go to a nurs- was all changed—I might add that was you eliminate the Federal guarantee of ing home. The family protections will under Ronald Reagan—that all Medicaid, because what happens if be repealed if this bill sees the light of changed. Now they do not have to com- more people pursuant to these Repub- day, if it becomes law. ply with any Federal nursing home lican proposals go on welfare, the cost Mr. Speaker, I want to mention a standards, so it really is a monetarily to the government at every level couple of points here. I will, by the devastating effect, a quality of care. It grows, and you are not going to even be way, say that the President vetoed the has to do with the individual who is in able to balance the budget if you start budget due to its extreme agenda as it a nursing home and who gets that care to get more and more people on the has to do with Medicaid. paid for by Medicaid, but it falls on the welfare roles. There is a report that all of us had a backs of the families of folks who are Similarly, so many hospitals, not chance to look at, by the Consumer in nursing homes, and that is what will only in rural and urban areas but even Union. These are the folks who put to- happen if this law on Medicaid passes in suburban areas, and most of my dis- gether the Consumer Reports, when in the next several weeks here. trict is suburban, every one of the hos- you go out to look to buy a car or a Mr. STUPAK. Mr. Speaker, if the pitals that I have is heavily Medicaid- computer, and you know whether you gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. Medicare dependent, and if they have are buying something good or you are PALLONE] will continue to yield, the to cut back, they lay people off, some buying a lemon, or you are going to get gentlewoman mentioned some of these of them close, and it impacts everyone. a bum deal. You make your decision. things found in the fine print. Actu- They cut back on services and quality People look at these Consumer Re- ally, in the Committee on Commerce, of care and everyone’s health care suf- ports. on which I and the gentleman from fers. This is the group, the Consumer New Jersey [Mr. PALLONE] sit, the I see the gentlewoman from Con- Union, that issues those reports and Democrats offered 10 amendments. If necticut [Ms. DELAURO] is here, who that issued the report on this proposal you wanted to block grant, OK, fine, has done so much to raise the atten- by the gentleman from Georgia [Mr. but there are 10 areas we want to pro- tion of the Congress to these issues. I GINGRICH] and the budget. They talked tect. yield to her. about this potential nightmare that is Nursing home standards is one of Ms. DELAURO. Mr. Speaker, I thank going to be placed on working families them. We feel there is a need for nurs- the gentleman very much, and I want with parents who need nursing home ing home standards across this coun- to thank all of my colleagues. It is a care. They have estimated that there try. Public children’s hospitals. They H 14922 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 provide money under Medicaid. Why I compliment my colleagues, and I care, or you are going to lose your can they not continue to have some am proud to join with you this after- earned income tax credit, which was funding? That was defeated. The cost- noon in having this conversation. the thing that may have helped you get sharing for the poor seniors, to pick up b 1700 off poverty. You are driven back to- part of their premium for part B, for ward poverty and your kids are going Medicare, we wanted to keep that for Ms. DELAURO. I would be delighted to maybe lose their health care in the poor seniors. That comes out of Medic- to yield to my colleague there of Mas- process. aid. sachusetts. Mr. Speaker, think of what this Mr. OLVER. Mr. Speaker, I do not Ms. DELAURO. It is gone. means in terms of family values. How want to let the gentlewoman from Con- Mr. STUPAK. That was defeated. can one talk about this being family necticut [Ms. DELAURO] get away, be- Pregnant women and infants who need values when so many of those 12 mil- cause she has raised so many provoca- some medical help, pregnant women, lion families that will lose their earned tive issues here that allow us to play and infants, that amendment was de- income tax credit are families with off of those in some way. feated. Rural health clinics, I men- kids and those kids then become more The gentlewoman mentioned the mis- tioned my rural district. In many areas in danger of growing up in poverty? understanding about what Medicaid the only access to health care is So what you say is a double wham- covers here in Washington and around through Federal rural health clinics, so my, and we could go on about other the country. Well, it is really quite de- you can have access to it. That was de- kinds of whammies that are built into liberate. I am convinced that it is quite feated. this system, because you take away a deliberate effort to convince people You mentioned estate protection, the and take away and take away, and ulti- that it is really those unworthy wel- mately, it is all, all of those monies family farm liens; two separate amend- fare cheats and only those illegal im- ments, both defeated. Alzheimer’s dis- that come out of the Medicaid cuts for migrants who are part of the Medicaid kids and all of those that come out of ease. If you have a loved one, a parent Program. Because if you can somehow or grandparents who have Alzheimer’s the ITC are less in total than just the demonize the process, it is derogatory; amount of money that is given in tax disease, we always provided for their it is an abstraction and a derogatory care in nursing homes under the Medic- breaks to the small couple of percent of extraction. It is even inflammatory. If families, those couple of million fami- aid Program. That was defeated. you can do that, then it is all the more Transitional benefits to move from lies at the very upper end of the scale possible to make this very severe cut, who already have incomes among the welfare to work, to help you out, give the $163 billion in cuts, and eventually you a little bit of health insurance cov- top couple percent of American fami- to dismantle the program, which is ul- lies. It is really ironic, and it is highly erage while you move off public assist- timately the purpose of this, this pillar ance into the work force, that was de- unfair. which has provided wonderful health Ms. DELAURO. Mr. Speaker, the gen- feated. Women with breast cancer who care for a group of people who other- tleman from Massachusetts [Mr. receive help under the Medicaid Pro- wise could not afford it, and for older OLVER] is absolutely right. gram, at least allow them to have some citizens who have used all of their re- Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I see help in coverage to pay their medical sources. that the gentleman from Hawaii [Mr. bills, and that was defeated. When we think about who actually is ABERCROMBIE] is here joining us, and I We tried in the Committee on Rules covered by it, they are our neighbors would like to yield to him at this to make these amendments in order, and our friends and our family mem- point. but they were all defeated, not even an bers who are covered by Medicaid. It is Mr. ABERCROMBIE. Mr. Speaker, I opportunity. What did we do? We did a the mothers and fathers in the nursing thank the gentleman very much for motion to recommit, so the Democrat homes who have used all of their other yielding to me. I am very happy to be Party has been here, standing for just resources somewhere along the way, here today, because you are looking at 10 basic elements to give you some dig- and have only that to get their health a new million-dollar man here in the nity if you get ill, to provide for care care. It is the widows who have too lit- House of Representatives. I am here to for your parents or grandparents if tle income to be able to even pay for collect from this man right here: Haley they need a nursing home, and to leave their share of the Medicare that then Barbour. you with a little something left in the gets picked up and paid for by Medic- This is one about the Republicans estate. It was all defeated. aid. It is the people who are disabled by cutting Medicare. He has an advertise- Ms. DELAURO. Mr. Speaker, I will birth defects or by crippling diseases ment in the Roll Call magazine this make one more comment, because I that mean that they cannot be inde- week, and he is offering anybody who know there are a number of colleagues pendent any longer. Yet somewhere can show the following: In November on the floor who want to engage in this along the way it is mothers of young 1995, the U.S. House and Senate passed conversation. children who are struggling and need a balanced budget bill. It increases If you could make the case that some that care, that health care for their total Federal spending on Medicare by of this cut were going, in fact, to bal- kids, and it is for two-parent families. more than 50 percent from 1995 to 2002, ancing the budget or bringing down the Mr. Speaker, one of the grand ironies pursuant to Congressional Budget Of- deficit, you might be able to make a that we were talking about just before fice standards. He says he will give $1 case in some ways for it. I do not know the gentlewoman from Connecticut million to anybody who can prove that how in terms of nursing home stand- [Ms. DELAURO] came in was the busi- is not true. ards and putting working middle-class ness of taking $30 billion away from Mr. Speaker, you are looking at the families at risk, but the fact of the low-income families, people who are guy that can do it. You put my name, matter is here there is, as part of this working, who have been paying in their Mr. Haley Barbour, right there. It says, budget, a $245 billion tax break to the withholding tax money out of their your name here, ABERCROMBIE, A-b-e-r- wealthiest Americans in this country. pocket; and if their income was under c-r-o-m-b-i-e, I will fill in the rest, it is I do not deny people the opportunity $25,000, they were working on the var- OK, just like Abercrombie and Fitch, to increase their salary and achieve a ious sliding scales in that range, then in case you cannot remember it, and I good status. That is a part of what the they could get a tax credit. Well, in will see that that million dollars goes American dream is all about. No one fact, the ones at the lower end of that to the people that deserve it: the chil- questions that. But at this moment if scale are also people who, under these dren that you are attacking, the elder- you are going to cut Medicare, as they provisions, are in danger, in serious ly that you are attacking, the disabled will, $270 billion, cut Medicaid $163 bil- danger of losing their medical care as that you are attacking. lion, in order to pay for that tax break well. Now, Mr. Speaker, I know, I am used for the wealthy, it is wrong, it is not So when we are talking about trying to seeing jolly Republican guys like part of the American tradition, and we to get people to work, we are taking Haley Barbour out there attacking need to fight it with every single the incentive to work, because if you weak people, but when he says he is breath we have. work, you are going to lose your health going to give $1 million, and by the December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14923 way, it is interesting that the Repub- neighbors, colleagues, we are in the they want to put out there is in the licans have millions to give away, mil- chips. I want Haley Barbour to have neighborhood of $240 billion to $250 bil- lions of dollars on Medicare, they say, that pen ready to write my name on lion, and even Mr. Barbour, at his most let us see who they are going to give it that check so that we can follow up, hyperbolic, says that under their plan, to. They do not have a balanced budget and we are going to be down here every the government spent $289 billion on by the standards of the Congressional day exposing how the Republicans have Medicare, just on the tax giveaway Budget Office. taken something as serious as Medi- alone, 250 that is already gone. That Mr. Speaker, I have been in my spe- care, as serious as that is, to the moth- leaves 30 right there that we are deal- cial orders down here, and I say to the ers and fathers and the families of this ing with. gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. country, having to count on Medicare, As I said, that can be made up just PALLONE] that I will not take all the and take it and try to turn it into a with the other points that the gentle- time up today, but the gentleman joke where they are putting a $1 mil- woman from Connecticut (Ms. knows that I can show and have shown lion check up there as if it is some kind DELAURO) made up and that the gen- in these special orders over and over of a sideshow that they want to put on. tleman made up. So the plain fact of again, and I think my good friend, the Well, we are taking them up on it. the matter is that on paper and paper gentlewoman from California [Ms. We are showing people that this Medi- only, by way of illusion, and by ac- PELOSI], is going to be able to show you care expenditure is a serious issue with counting trickery can we even presume some figures from her area, that proves the Democrats in this Congress, a seri- that we are going to spend more on there is no balanced budget here. ous issue for the families in this coun- Medicare. On the contrary, the deficit is going try, a serious issue for children, for the The actual facts of the matter are to go up by billions and billions of dol- elderly and for the disabled; and we are that the public debt will increase from lars. They are going to expropriate going to expose this for what it is. $5.2 trillion to $6.8 trillion over this 7- from the Social Security trust fund Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I appre- year period by the accounting methods money to try and make up that deficit. ciate the comments of the gentleman that are used in the Republican budget Mr. Speaker, I will tell my colleagues from Hawaii, and I totally agree. document itself. where that money is going to go from I just want to say one thing before I Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I appre- this unbalanced budget. We can prove introduce our next participant here. ciate what the gentleman is saying. that budget is not balanced. It is not Even though that Roll Call article I would like to yield now to the gen- going to be spending on Medicare. On talks about how more money theoreti- tlewoman from California [Ms. PELOSI]. the contrary, we assume, and the aver- cally is going into Medicare, what we Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, I thank age American assumes, when you say are really talking about here is the the gentleman for yielding. I thank the Medicare spending, that is going for ex- amount and the level of growth. gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. penditures having to do with the medi- When I say that something like 18 PALLONE] for his leadership on this cal needs of the people of this country. percent of the people who are now eli- issue and for his untiring efforts to call Yet, what is it that is being proposed gible for Medicaid are not likely to be to the attention of the American peo- by the Republicans in Medicare? eligible in 7 years, that is because the ple and this Congress what is at stake This is from the New York Times, amount of money that the Republicans in this fight that we are having. October 31 of this year. The plan would are putting into the plan will be 18 per- I welcome the opportunity to convey give doctors new ways to make money. cent less than what it would be under to my colleagues what the impact is on It is not Medicare for your mom and current law. If you translate that into my community in San Francisco and my dad. This is Medicare-looting for the number of people who would be in- on the State of California. Before I do, the doctors and the insurance scams all eligible for Medicaid, as the gentle- I wanted to follow up on the remarks of over this country. woman from Connecticut said, in nurs- our colleague from Hawaii in terms of Mr. Speaker, this is not me saying it. ing home care, the children, the dis- generally what these cuts mean in Let me tell my colleagues what the abled, whatever, that is what we are terms of balancing the budget. New York Times says. talking about. It may be that in actual We all know, Mr. Speaker, that any Medicaid measures working their way dollar terms there is more money, but proposals that are being put forth on through Congress would remold the role of in real terms, it is an 18 percent cut, the Republican side now do not rep- many doctors, turning them into medical en- and 18 percent less people are going to resent balance in terms of the values trepreneurs, permitting them to engage in be eligible. that our country holds dear. When we business enterprises now forbidden. The Mr. ABERCROMBIE. Mr. Speaker, if would cut all of the kinds of money we House version of the legislation would allow the gentleman would be kind enough to have out of investments in our chil- doctors to start physician-run health groups without financial and regulatory require- yield for a moment, I agree with what dren, we cannot be talking about a bal- ments that States impose on similar organi- the gentleman is saying, although I anced budget. It is unbalanced and im- zations. The bill would make it easier for think the gentleman is being entirely balanced. doctors to set prices in ways that now vio- too kind. Not only was the gentle- In addition to that, I think it is very late the antitrust rules. woman from Connecticut [Ms. important to recognize that the pro- Can you imagine what a boondoggle DELAURO] correct in the analysis that posal being put forth by our Repub- this is? It is not being spent on Medi- she made, but I was showing even fur- lican colleagues will not fiscally bal- care; it is being spent on people who ther cost transfers that are being ance the budget either for the some of are going to give campaign contribu- made. the reasons that the gentleman from tions to the guys that are bringing Mr. Speaker, we cannot say that we Hawaii [Mr. ABERCROMBIE] has put them the Medicare money. That is are spending more on Medicaid, except forth, but also, we will have a better what it is all about, and their medical by an accounting trick, if at the same chance of balancing the budget to the savings accounts. time, simultaneously, we are increas- extent that we invest in our children, I have the analysis right here by the ing the deficit and the interest that in their education and in their health Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation must be paid on that deficit. If we are and in their well-being. Only then will that proves that these medical savings transferring money out of the Social that investment make our economy accounts is another scam artist activ- Security trust fund, which must be more dynamic, a healthy and educated ity for the insurance companies that paid back with interest, what happens work force, make our country more will have the following effect. Under is, on a net basis, not only are we not competitive, and therefore produce the these medical saving plans unhealthy spending more on Medicare per se, but revenues that are necessary to balance individuals are going to be unlikely to we have actually increased the indebt- the budget within 7 years or beyond, gain. Under certain scenarios, the tra- edness of the people of the United depending on what our basis is. I say ditional Medicare Program may cease States with respect to that budget. that, meaning in the foreseeable fu- to exist or exist in a reduced form. So on any grounds that we want to ture. I am telling the gentleman from New put it, if we want to compare the tax Mr. Speaker, I do think that the cuts Jersey [Mr. PALLONE], friends and cut, I should say the tax giveaway that that we are talking about here have to H 14924 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995 be recognized, as the gentleman has the real answer. We missed that oppor- fairness issue. The much-heralded fam- done so eloquently, as to what the im- tunity because of the complexity of the ily tax credit that our colleagues have pact is on the individual and that indi- issue, the partisan nature of the de- talked about in their tax plan, $500 per vidual’s family, but also in terms of bate, et cetera. But nonetheless, that is child, you have heard of it. It iron- what the impact is on the local com- the answer to reducing the increase in ically is retroactive until October 1 of munities which will be impacted by health care cost and the impact on the this year, while the capital gains tax these cuts, their budgets, as well as the public budget. break for the high end is retroactive economies of those regions when you But nonetheless, when you make until January 1, giving them the full take away the personal assistance and those cuts, that means 40,000 people, benefit of the tax break, while families the assistance that goes to the area. 13,000 families now covered by Medic- only get 25 percent of the break, so b 1715 aid, would be losing their health cov- that $500 tax break for this year is $125, erage, would be severely impacted. and you cannot collect it until October In the State of California, I do not As a result, even if we say it just goes 1, 1996. Yet if you are in the upper have my California chart right here to 25 percent, the impact would not be brackets and you get the capital gains but I have used it many times to show just on the poor. according to a recent reduction, we can accommodate you that under the Gingrich budget, the study sponsored by the National Lead- until January 1 of last year. Republican budget, over $72 billion will ership Coalition on Health Care, cost- This is about fairness. It is not about be cut over the next 7 years just in the shifting would cost the private sector class warfare. But if you are stomping Medicare-Medicaid cuts, we call it payers $87 billion—now we are talking on the people at the low end who need MediCal in California, earned-income nationally—over the next 7 years. most a safety net at some period of time in tax credit, school nutrition programs, of the cost shift would be passed on to their lives in order to give a tax break those. Not even going into the cuts in workers by employers in the form of to the wealthy who are not clamoring appropriation, in terms of protecting forgone wages and an increased cost for for it but who do want a balanced budg- the environment or assistance to dis- health insurance premiums. et, you have to have a balance in val- advantaged children in chapter I and But to San Francisco. Our San Fran- ues, you have to have an investment in on many other cuts that will be made cisco city comptroller has estimated children in order to produce the reve- through the appropriation process. that the Republican budget will impose nues in order to reach balance in a very Just looking at what is being done on $600 million in cuts to the city budget fair way. the entitlement, the guaranteed side, over 7 years, with half of these cuts I say to our colleagues, look to what guaranteed to this point. alone for Medicare and Medicaid pro- it does to individuals. But see what it It is something that just does not af- grams alone. does to the local budgets in your area fect those individuals but as I men- The city will have little choice, and I and the impact on the economy in your tioned it affects their local govern- say this, substitute the name of any area to have, say in our case, about ment’s budget and the economy of the city, will have little choice except to $100 billion pulled out over the next 7 area. greatly reduce services or increases years. Our State probably, if you take the local taxes. With that, I yield back to my col- appropriations into consideration over Because of the impact on local budg- league and thank him for the oppor- that 7-year period, will be over $100 bil- ets and public hospitals, you will have tunity to present the concerns of my lion. Our State budget is about $57 bil- a problem finding lifesaving trauma community on this unfair approach to lion a year. So you are talking about care if you or a family member are in- Medicaid, particularly Medicaid, in nearly 2 years of a budget of the State volved in a serious accident requiring this instance in this budget. of California being cut out of the 7- emergency care, and that is assuming Mr. PALLONE. I thank the gentle- year, and think of what that means to that you are in this employer coverage woman. I yield to the gentleman from the economy of a State like California. and privately purchased care. So it Massachusetts. I know we only have a And then just take it to your own would even affect you in that category. minute or two left. States and figure out how it relates to The severe cuts in Medicaid are re- Mr. OLVER. I thank the gentleman. your own States. I know you have all quired in order to fund this massive tax The gentlewoman has given very dra- done that and made presentations to break, and that is what the saddest matic data there as to what it is that that effect. part of this story is. Because here we happens in your home State. I would But in California with such a heavy are in a situation where we are hitting just like to connect it to what the gen- weight, 1⁄8 of the country, if it has a people—I heard one of my colleagues tleman from Hawaii had said. very negative impact on California, of say earlier, we do not want to be en- In your chart, the uninsured group its nature it will have a heavy impact gaged in class warfare. Of course we do gets increased, it gets increased by on the country over and above what it not. But fair is fair. Not welfare. But taking people who presently have in- does to your States individually. fairness. And it does not seem right. surance, the only kind of insurance In the city of San Francisco, and I Most people that I know who are in they have, from the Medicaid Program, have this chart to show some of these the brackets which would benefit from out your MediCal recipients, increases figures. As you can see right now, em- these tax breaks say, ‘‘We don’t need the uninsured, the people who are real- ployer coverage and privately pur- this tax break. We have decided we ly destitute and do not have health in- chased insurance covers about 48 per- want to balance the budget, so don’t surance. cent of our population; uninsured are give us this tax break. If that is your The thing that is offered in return is 21 percent; MediCal, which is Medicaid value, then don’t balance it. But don’t the medical savings account which you recipients, represent about 16 percent; take it from the poorest of the poor.’’ have to already to able to have a large Medicare recipients the remainder, 15 How could it be fair for the earned- amount of income that you can risk in percent. income tax credit for the working poor the process, $4,000, $5,000, $6,000 that If the cuts being suggested are made, to be cut, to be eliminated for many you can risk in the first place, which is that will move our uninsured to nearly families, many people, while we give a only people who are very wealthy. 30 percent of the population. In the tax break at the high end? So the medical savings account does high 20’s to 30 percent of the popu- Now our Republican colleagues will not do anybody any good who is in the lation of the city will fall into the un- say, ‘‘Oh, we’re just taking it away red category or that white category of insured. Those people who may need from people without children.’’ Well, uninsured. All we are doing is increas- emergency care, the costs are shifted these young people would like to have ing the uninsured and making it harder again to employer coverage and pri- a family, too. They are families, they for those who are modestly and mar- vately purchased. are potential families, and they want ginally insured and trying to transfer That is where we were when Presi- to be strong families. it to people who already have a not in dent Clinton came in and said, we need So when you talk about the cuts in this society. to improve, we need to reform health earned-income tax credit, and I just Mr. PALLONE. I want to thank ev- care coverage in our country. that is want to add one more point on this tax eryone who participated in this special December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14925 order today. I think we really brought term care assistance. This is consider- source standards; no required fair hearing to out a lot of good points. ably lower than the national average. challenge a determination of noncoverage; no f But once an individual is determined to protection against having a lien placed on the be eligible, the State does not come home; no requirement for clarity about what is LONG-TERM CARE JEOPARDIZED after the adult children to pay for included in the Medigrant rate; no requirement The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a nursing home care. that Medigrant cover a specific set of services; previous order of the House, the gen- This legislation included in the 7- and no allowance for putting aside money for tleman from Virginia [Mr. MORAN] is year balanced budget plan, the a disabled child. recognized for 5 minutes. Medigrant legislation, empowers I have been told that Medigrant requires Mr. MORAN. Mr. Speaker, we all States to require payments from adult States to set-aside considerable resources for know that Americans are living longer, children if the family income is above nursing care services. Although the amount and they are living longer with chronic the State median, regardless of other Medigrant requires to be set aside for the el- and often incapacitating illness. For financial obligations. Governor Bush derly is based upon expenditures for current many of them, nursing home care is said, and I want to quote him, ‘‘I plan nursing home services, nothing in law requires the only option. It is a difficult and to go after all adult children of nursing such services to be offered. The funds set painful choice, not one that any indi- home residents.’’ aside are considerably less than what Medic- vidual or family would take lightly, Many allude to middle-class seniors aid sets aside today. In fact, a number of stud- particularly given the cost of nursing divesting their fortunes in order to ies have suggested that the first cuts will be home care. Mr. Speaker, in northern qualify for Medicaid, but the anecdotes made on community and home based long- Virginia, in the district I represent, the do not add up. The GAO found in a 1993 term care, forcing disabled and frail elderly to average cost of nursing home care is study that less than 10 percent of all apply for the much more costly nursing home $45,000 per year. Medicaid applicants had transferred care. So the State of Virginia has been their assets in order to qualify for as- Why? Because the nursing home industry is very stringent in determining Medicaid sistance, but even that did not result much stronger and financially able to lobby for eligibility. That is why this is relevant in increased Medicaid spending. Fur- dollars than the burgeoning community based to the discussion that just took place. thermore, Congress changed the law in care community. Without the cuts to the Virginia Med- 1993, requiring that Medicaid eligibility The block grants are capped, regardless of icaid program, Virginia would be pro- could not be considered within 3 years economic or demographic changes. The rate viding 54,000 individuals with access to of the asset transfer. of growth will not keep pace with inflation or home and community-based care, 24,300 In 1993, Congress required States to increased use due to an aging population. The nursing home recipients, and 2,300 indi- recover from the estate of deceased bill, on average, increase spending at 5.2 per- viduals in intermediate care facilities Medicaid beneficiaries. It did not re- cent a year, while long-term care spending will for the mentally retarded. quire the seizure of homes or busi- increase at about 9.5 percent a year. Virginia But in the face of the Medigrant Pro- nesses, and it even prohibited such ac- is particularly hard hit because of the aging of gram, which caps Medicaid long-term tions if the home was being lived in by the population. Residents older than 65 years care spending as soon as 1996, next a spouse. Current law also protects will increase from 7.3 to 15.7 percent of the year, $968 million, or 27 percent of the against liens and estate recovery while total population. In the next 15 years, there budget for long-term care in the State dependent children are living. will be five times as many Virginians older of Virginia by the year 2002 would be But Medigrant repeals these protec- than 75 and nine times as many Virginians cut. That translates into a reduction of tions. The Medigrant bill empowers older than 85 years as there were in 1960. 9,000 people who would no longer be eli- States to pursue family homes to re- This Nation made a commitment 30 years gible for assistance next year, and cover long-term care expenses, even if ago to investing in medical technology and 37,000 nursing home residents who those homes are currently occupied by medical assistance to extend and improve the would no longer be eligible for care in families members. All that protection lives of senior citizens. Assistance for long- 2002. We have to ask ourselves, where is repealed. term care is the humane extension of medical would these people end up? Mr. Speaker, I will not take any intervention and assistance. Those who seek In 1987, President Ronald Reagan more time. There is so much more that long-term care are seeking to complete their signed into law Federal standards for I could say about this. It is all of a lives with dignity, as independently as possible nursing homes. This was a direct con- critical nature, because we are taking and certainly, not as a financial burden on sequence of the in ability of the States away the security that is currently their children or grandchildren. The Medigrant to establish standards and monitor and available to families who desperately bill takes away this dignity from those who enforce them. The newspapers were need it. need long-term care and from their families. filled with horrible accounts of abuse b 1730 HOW THE MEDICAID CUTS AFFECT VIRGINIA of our Nation’s seniors. That is why We are enabling States to go after Issue: The current proposed block grant for President Reagan responded to the homes, to seize assets, no matter how the Medicaid program relies on a formula abuse that was taking place across the impoverished the spouse might be, to which rests on the current federal match country. now received by each state. This unfairly pe- take away the standards that Presi- nalizes Virginia, because it locks in current This Medigrant Program turns back dent Reagan put into place to protect the clock. It turns the responsibility of funding patterns among the states, regard- our senior citizens. This goes far be- less of need or changing demographic pat- establishing, monitoring, and enforcing yond the dollars and cents. terns, while high cost states that have not nursing home standards back to the I think this is a profound erosion of been efficient or judicious with their Medic- States. Clearly President Reagan the kind of security that Americans aid dollars will continue to benefit at high would not have usurped that respon- have come to, and should be able to, levels of federal assistance. sibility if there were any alternative expect. Congressional proposals do little to address way of ensuring quality care for our I thank the Chair for the opportunity vast disparities in federal Medicaid grants to Nation’s seniors. the states. Both lock in generous payments to express this on the floor today, and to some states at the expense of others. All families with members needing I would hope we are going to turn this Under both plans, New Hampshire and Con- long-term care have been paying for back. necticut would get twice as much per poor many years to care for their parent or The Medigrant Program repeals protection person as Virginia. Under both proposals, child at home. In the end, their ability for the spouses and children of nursing home Virginia will continue to have the seventh to care for that person, both phys- residents. Medigrant gives States the flexibility lowest grant per poor person in 2002. (Poor is ically, emotionally or financially, runs to deny coverage. Income and resource set- defined as those in families earning 100% or out. asides for the spouse of a nursing home resi- less of the federal poverty level, which is In my district, the eligibility re- $11,817 for a family of three in 1995). dent have been maintained in Medigrant, but History: Virginia has been very conserv- quirements to receive Medicaid assist- these are only available after a resident has ative in its determination of program eligi- ance for long-term care are already been found eligible for coverage. bility and benefits; management of Medicaid very stringent. Thirty-four percent of Under Medigrant, there is no assurance of dollars and beneficiaries; and in its claim on all Medicaid dollars are spent on long- coverage even if you meet income and re- federal resources. H 14926 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 14, 1995

Viriginia has the seventh lowest federal Preadmission screening for nursing home Mr. MANZULLO, for 5 minutes today. grant per person in poverty. Virginia is applicants Mr. COX of California, for 5 minutes below the national average in state Medicaid Adult day care alternatives to nursing today. spending per beneficiary. 75% of its Medicaid home placement (The following Member (at his own expenditures are on mandatory services and 24-hour obstetric discharge using a home 25% are on optional services . . . this is health alternative request) to revise and extend his re- below the national average. As a result of improved efficiency, Virginia marks and include extraneous mate- (States must offer a minimum acute care has not required continued large increases in rial:) benefit package to their eligible populations. federal matching dollars. Yet, the state will Mr. MORAN, for 5 minutes, today. They can cover other acute services at their be penalized for prudent and judicious use of f discretion. States vary widely in their cov- Medicaid money. Those states with ineffi- erage of optional acute services.) ciently run programs that are high cost to EXTENSION OF REMARKS Virginia has established tight eligibility the federal government, including those By unanimous consent, permission to standards. Thus, although Virginia has a states that illegally garnered DSH dollars, revise and extend remarks was granted higher poverty rate than Connecticut, Mas- will continue to receive the highest con- sachusetts and Rhode Island (and closely tribution. The current Medicaid program is to: trails New York), Virginia covers less than flexible enough to allow Va. to receive more (The following Members (at the re- half of its poor residents in Medicaid, while federal dollars as the needs and available re- quest of Mr. DOGGETT) and to include these other states have enrolled 60–90% of sources change. The proposed block grant extraneous matter:) their poor. proposal bases consideration of future fed- Mr. BONIOR. DISPROPORTATIONATE SHARE PAYMENTS TO eral funding on current levels, regardless of Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. HOSPITALS each state’s future needs. (The following Members (at the re- What should be incorporated into the Med- In the early 1990’s, some states aggres- quest of Mr. TIAHRT) and to include ex- icaid block grant is an effort to move all sively pursued DSH money in order to lever- traneous matter:) states to an equitable level of federal finan- age more federal dollars. DSH payments cial support per capita. That is not unlike Mr. HERGER. were intended to help hospitals serving high the policy in place for the Medicare program. Mr. SAXTON. volumes of uninsured and Medicaid patients. When that program moved from a cost-based (The following Members (at the re- They did this by adding money generated reimbursement to reimbursement by diag- quest of Mr. ABERCROMBIE) and to in- from hospital assessments and ‘‘voluntary nosis-related group, formerly vastly dif- payments’’ from hospitals and adding that to clude extraneous matter:) ferent rates paid to providers were moved to state funds, in order to leverage more federal Mr. FIELDS of Texas. a national rate adjusted only by the special matching funds, and then paid back that Mr. HASTERT. labor costs within regions. This uniformly money to those hospitals. Until these Mr. RUSH. provides the same incentives to all states to schemes were controlled in 1993, many states Ms. VELA´ ZQUEZ. operate efficient Medicaid programs. received huge amounts of federal Medicaid Mr. REED. f dollars, which they spent on general state Mr. BARRETT of Wisconsin. needs. Two-thirds of DSH spending is con- LEAVE OF ABSENCE Mr. POSHARD. centrated in 8 states. DSH payments to Mr. WILSON. Northeast high cost states are 6–16 times By unanimous consent, leave of ab- Mr. BILIRAKIS. higher than in Virginia. sence was granted to: Mr. ROYBAL-ALLARD. Virginia chose not to participate in aggres- Mr. HANSEN (at the request of Mr. f sively capturing DSH dollars, as they felt it ARMEY), after 12:30 p.m. today, on ac- was an inappropriate use of federal funds. count of personal reasons. SENATE BILLS REFERRED The proposed Medicaid block grants lock Mr. EMERSON (at the request of Mr. the DSH inequities into place, leaving Vir- Bills of the Senate of the following ARMEY), for today, on account of a doc- ginia with only a small amount of DSH titles were taken from the Speaker’s tor’s appointment. funds. Those states like NH, LA, NY, CT, NJ, table and, under the rule, referred as Ms. HARMAN (at the request of Mr. will continue to receive significant DSH dol- follows: lars under the block grant. GEPHARDT), for today, on account of personal business in the district. S. 1331. An act to adjust and make uniform DEMOGRAPHICS the dollar amounts used in title 18 to distin- The block grant does not take into consid- f guish between grades of offenses, and for eration the changing demographic trends in SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED other purposes; to the Committee on the Ju- Virginia. The population is aging and the diciary. percentage of older Americans moving into By unanimous consent, permission to S. 1465. An act to extend au pair programs; Virginia from other states is increasing. address the House, following the legis- to the Committee on International Rela- By 2020, the total population of VA. will lative program and any special orders tions. number 8.4 million, up from 6.5 million in heretofore entered, was granted to: f 1990. The elderly are the fastest growing seg- (The following Members (at the re- ment of the population. Residents older than ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED quest of Mr. DOGGETT) to revise and ex- 65 will increase from 7.3% to 15.7% of the Mr. THOMAS, from the Committee total population. There will be five times as tend their remarks and include extra- many Virginians older than 75 and nine neous material:) on House Oversight, reported that that times as many Virginians older than 85 as Mr. POSHARD, for 5 minutes today. committee had examined and found there were in 1960. The elderly are the heavi- Ms. NORTON, for 5 minutes today. truly enrolled bills of the House of the est users of health care; it is reasonable to Ms. SLAUGHTER, for 5 minutes today. following titles, which were thereupon assume a growing percentage of this popu- Mr. ROEMER, for 5 minutes today. signed by the Speaker: lation will become Medicaid-dependent for Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas, for 5 min- H.R. 325. An act to amend the Clean Air nursing home care and other long term care utes today. Act to provide for an optional provision for services at an increasingly high cost. Mr. DOGGETT, for 5 minutes today. the reduction of work-related vehicle trips WHAT HAS THE STATE DONE TO MAXIMIZE ITS and miles travelled in ozone nonattainment Mrs. SCHROEDER, for 5 minutes today. MEDICAID DOLLARS? areas designated as severe, and for other pur- Mr. BROWN of Ohio, for 5 minutes poses; and Virginia has implemented a number of cost today. containment techniques to improve ‘‘effi- H.R. 1240. An act to combat crime by en- ciency’’ of the Medicaid program. The Va. Ms. DELAURO, for 5 minutes today. hancing the penalties for certain sexual Dept. of Medical Assistance estimated in 1994 Mr. BENTSEN, for 5 minutes today. crimes against children. that since 1982, Virginia has realized about Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA, for 5 minutes f $217 million dollars annually in savings and today. cost avoidance through cost containment Mr. VOLKMER, for 5 minutes today. ADJOURNMENT measures including: (The following Members (at the re- Mr. ABERCROMBIE. Mr. Speaker, I Medicaid managed care quest of Mr. TIAHRT) to revise and ex- move that the House do now adjourn. Moratorium on nursing home construction tend their remarks and include extra- The motion was agreed to; accord- Limits on inpatient hospital admission be- fore non-emergency surgery neous material:) ingly (at 5 o’clock and 31 minutes Expanded use of generic drugs Mr. GOSS, for 5 minutes today. p.m.), the House adjourned until to- Utilization management for hospital and Mr. LEWIS of Kentucky, for 5 minutes morrow, Friday, December 15, 1995, at other services today. 10 a.m. December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 14927 EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, the peacekeeping effort in the Republic of H.R. 2198: Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland, Mr. ETC. Bosnia and Herzegovina shall be entitled to CALVERT, and Mr. LIVINGSTON. certain tax benefits in the same manner as if H.R. 2220: Mr. WICKER. Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, execu- such services were performed in a combat H.R. 2281: Mr. BROWN of Ohio and Mr. CHAP- tive communications were taken from zone; to the Committee on Ways and Means. MAN. the Speaker’s table and referred as fol- By Mr. COX (for himself, Mr. HEFNER, H.R. 2350: Mr. FOLEY and Mr. KILDEE. lows: Mr. CHAMBLISS, Mr. FORBES, Mr. H.R. 2443: Mr. FOX. 1840. A letter from the Director, the Office GOODLATTE, Mr. HILLEARY, Mr. H.R. 2450: Mr. CALVERT. of Management and Budget, Transmitting JONES, Mr. LATHAM, Mr. LINDER, Mr. H.R. 2567: Mr. HAYES and Mr. HAYWORTH. the cumulative report on rescissions and de- ROHRABACHER, Mr. SHADEGG, Mr. H.R. 2580: Ms. LOFGREN, Mr. HASTINGS of ferrals of budget authority as of December 1, SPRATT, Mr. TAYLOR of North Caro- Florida, and Mr. JOHNSTON of Florida. 1995, pursuant to 2 U.S.C. 685(e) (H. Doc. No. lina, and Mr. WICKER): H.R. 2618: Mr. OLVER. 104–146); to the Committee on Appropriations H.R. 2779. A bill to provide for soft-metric H.R. 2657: Mr. CHAPMAN, Mr. CRANE, Mr. and ordered to be printed. conversion, and for other purposes; to the DIAZ-BALART, Mr. DOYLE, Mr. EHLERS, Mr. 1841. A letter from the Chairman, National Committee on Science. FRANKS of Connecticut, Mr. GEJDENSON, Mr. Labor Relations Board, transmitting the By Mr. BURTON of Indiana (for him- GOODLING, Mr. GORDON, Mr. GUTIERREZ, Mr. 59th annual report of the National Labor Re- self, Mr. MORAN, Mr. MICA, and Mr. HASTINGS of Florida, Mr. HOSTETTLER, Mr. lations Board, pursuant to 29 U.S.C. 154(c); to BARTON of Texas): HUNTER, Mr. HUTCHINSON, Mr. ISTOOK, Mrs. the Committee on Economic and Edu- H.R. 2780. A bill to specify the cir- JOHNSON of Connecticut, Mr. KANJORSKI, Ms. cational Opportunities. cumstances in which compensation may or KAPTUR, Mr. LIPINSKI, Mr. MASCARA, Mr. 1842. A letter from the Inspector General, may not be afforded to Federal and District MEEHAN, Mr. MILLER of California, Mr. MUR- Railroad Retirement Board, transmitting of Columbia employees for the period of a THA, Mr. NADLER, Mr. NEAL of Massachu- the semiannual report on activities of the lapse in appropriations for fiscal year 1996; to setts, Mr. OBEY, Mrs. KELLY, Mr. EWING, Mr. Office of Inspector General for the period the Committee on Government Reform and JEFFERSON, Mr. YOUNG of Florida, Mr. April 1, 1995, through September 30, 1995, pur- Oversight. WELDON of Florida, Mrs. CLAYTON, Mr. suant to 5 U.S.C. app. (Insp. Gen. Act) sec- By Mr. ENSIGN: BUNNING of Kentucky, Mr. CLEMENT, Mr. tion 5(b); to the Committee on Government H.R. 2781. A bill to authorize the Secretary DOOLITTLE, Mr. DORNAN, Mr. FOGLIETTA, Mr. Reform and Oversight. of the Interior to provide loan guarantees for GIBBONS, Mr. GEKAS, Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. 1843. A letter from the Assistant Attorney water supply, conservation, quality, and HAMILTON, Mr. KASICH, Mr. KIM, Mr. LAHOOD, General of the United States, transmitting a transmission projects, and for other pur- Mr. LEWIS of California, Mr. MYERS of Indi- draft of proposed legislation entitled ‘‘The poses; to the Committee on Resources. ana, Mr. OWENS, Mr. PORTER, Mr. PORTMAN, Parole Commission Phase-Out Act of 1995’’; By Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts (for Mr. REGULA, Mr. SCHUMER, Mr. SCHIFF, Mr. to the Committee on the Judiciary. himself and Mr. BLUTE): SISISKY, Mr. SKAGGS, Ms. SLAUGHTER, Mr. 1844. A letter from the Administrator, En- H.R. 2782. A bill to authorize funds to fur- SMITH of Michigan, Mr. ZIMMER, Mr. ABER- vironmental Protection Agency, transmit- ther the public service mission of the Joseph CROMBIE, Mr. BATEMAN, Mr. BILBRAY, Mr. ting the Agency’s report entitled ‘‘The W. Martin, Jr. Institute for Law and Society; BISHOP, Mr. BORSKI, Mr. BROWDER, Ms. Superfund Innovative Technology Evalua- to the Committee on Economic and Edu- BROWN of Florida, and Mr. CARDIN. tion Program, Annual Report to Congress FY cational Opportunities. H.R. 2682: Mr. QUINN and Mr. RANGEL. 1994,’’ pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 9604; to the Com- By Mrs. MALONEY: H.R. 2727: Mr. CRAPO, Mr. COOLEY, Mr. DUN- mittee on Science. H.R. 2783. A bill to amend the Foreign As- CAN, Mr. POMBO, Mr. ROYCE, Mrs. VUCANO- f sistance Act of 1961 to authorize the Presi- VICH, and Mr. NEUMANN. dent to issue loan guarantees for economic H.R. 2740: Mr. OWENS. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON development and job creation activities in H.R. 2748: Mr. WAXMAN, Mrs. COLLINS of Il- PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ire- linois, and Mr. DEFAZIO. Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of land; to the Committee on International Re- H.R. 2757: Mr. FOLEY and Mr. FOX. committees were delivered to the Clerk lations. H.R. 2772: Mr. FORBES. By Mr. WICKER (for himself and Mr. H.J. Res. 117: Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas and for printing and reference to the proper PARKER): Mr. LUTHER. calendar, as follows: H.R. 2784. A bill to provide clarification in H. Con. Res. 63: Mr. FUNDERBURK and Mr. Mr. SOLOMON: Committee on Rules. the reimbursement to States for federally COOLEY. House Resolution 307. Resolution waiving funded employees carrying out Federal pro- H. Res. 220: Mr. WATT of North Carolina, points of order against the conference report grams during the lapse in appropriations be- Mrs. MINK of Hawaii, and Mr. DEUTSCH. to accompany the bill (H.R. 1530) to author- tween November 14, 1995, through November H. Res. 285: Ms. MCKINNEY, Ms. VELAZQUEZ, ize appropriations for fiscal year 1996 for 19, 1995; to the Committee on Government Mr. CLYBURN, Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD, Mr. MIL- military activities of the Department of De- Reform and Oversight. LER of California, Mr. RANGEL, Mrs. fense, to prescribe military personnel f MORELLA, and Mr. ZIMMER. strengths for fiscal year 1996, and for other purposes (Rept. 104–407). Referred to the ADDITIONAL SPONSORS f House Calendar. Under clause 4 of rule XXII, sponsors Mr. CLINGER: Committee on Government were added to public bills and resolu- DELETIONS OF SPONSORS FROM Reform and Oversight. H.R. 2661. A bill to PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS amend the District of Columbia Self-Govern- tions as follows: ment and Governmental Reorganization Act H.R. 264: Ms. FURSE. Under clause 4 of rule XXII, sponsors to permit the District of Columbia to expend H.R. 528: Mr. SCHIFF, Mr. FOLEY, Mr. GOOD- were deleted from public bills and reso- its own funds during any portion of a fiscal LING, Mrs. MYRICK, Mr. BROWN of California, lutions as follows: and Mr. SKEEN. year for which Congress has not enacted the H.R. 2644: Mr. BROWNBACK. budget of the District of Columbia for the H.R. 761: Ms. DELAURO, Ms. MCKINNEY, Mr. fiscal year, and to provide for the appropria- CONYERS, Mr. FROST, Mr. FOGLIETTA, Mr. f tion of a monthly prorated portion of the an- GUTIERREZ, and Mr. MARTINEZ. nual Federal payment to the District of Co- H.R. 878: Mr. KING. AMENDMENTS lumbia for such fiscal year during such por- H.R. 1050: Ms. WOOLSEY and Mr. OLVER. tion of the year; with amendments (Rept. H.R. 1094: Mr. EVANS and Mrs. THURMAN. Under clause 6 of rule XXIII, pro- 104–408). Referred to the Committee of the H.R. 1377: Mr. DEAL of Georgia. posed amendments were submitted as Whole House on the State of the Union. H.R. 1448: Mrs. MYRICK. follows: H.R. 1499: Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas. f H.R. 1020 H.R. 1535: Mr. HINCHEY. PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H.R. 1627: Mrs. CLAYTON. OFFERED BY: MR. ENSIGN Under clause 5 of rule X and clause 4 H.R. 1684: Mr. BILBRAY, Mr. QUILLEN, and AMENDMENT NO. 21: Page 19, line 23, insert of rule XXII, public bills and resolu- Mr. STEARNS. after the period the following: ‘‘If the con- H.R. 1701: Mr. MINGE. struction of the rail line authorized by sub- tions were introduced and severally re- H.R. 1889: Mr. FOX, Mr. TAYLOR of North section (a) is not completed by 5 years after ferred as follows: Carolina, Mr. TEJEDA, and Mr. TORKILDSEN. the date the Secretary first used heavy-haul By Mr. BUNNING of Kentucky: H.R. 2027: Mr. ABERCROMBIE. truck transport under this paragraph, the H.R. 2778. A bill to provide that members H.R. 2098: Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Secretary may not use such transport after of the Armed Forces performing services for H.R. 2178: Mr. MARTINEZ. the expiration of such 5 years.’’. E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 104 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION

Vol. 141 WASHINGTON, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1995 No. 199 Senate The Senate met at 9:30 a.m., and was PROGRAM colleagues know that only late last called to order by the President pro Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, today night did we realize we would have tempore [Mr. THURMOND]. there will be a period for morning busi- some time today. But there have been ness until the hour of 10:30 with Sen- a number of Senators who have taken a PRAYER ators permitted to speak up to 5 min- lead on this issue—Senator LEAHY, The Chaplain, Dr. Lloyd John utes each, with the following excep- Senator JEFFORDS, Senator COHEN, Ogilvie, offered the following prayer: tions: Senator WELLSTONE, 30 minutes; Senator SNOWE, Senator KENNEDY, Sen- Gracious Father, as nature abhors a Senator MURKOWSKI, 15 minutes; Sen- ator HARKIN, Senator ABRAHAM, Sen- vacuum, You deplore deadlocks that ator JEFFORDS, 15 minutes. ator MOYNIHAN, and others—Democrats debilitate progress. We confess that we At 10:30 this morning, the Senate will and Republicans alike. are hammerlocked and pinned to the begin consideration of the Interior ap- Mr. President, fuel assistance pro- mat by seemingly unresolvable dif- propriations conference report, H.R. grams across the country have run out ferences in the negotiations between 1977. That conference report is limited of money, and people are being forced the Congress and the White House over to 6 hours of debate. However, some of out in the cold. We are confronted with the budget. The clock is running and that debate time may be yielded back. the fierce urgency of now, and time ticks toward tomorrow’s deadline. Following a vote on the Interior ap- Meanwhile, the Nation watches, wor- propriations conference report, the rushes on. Quite frankly, whether or ries, and wonders. Senate may turn to the consideration not this continuing resolution is for 2 Lord, help us to reorder our prior- of the State Department reorganiza- or 3 days, or whether there is another ities. Deliberately we set aside self- tion bill under a previously agreed to 4- continuing resolution for 1 week or serving manipulation. We trade in our hour time limit. Rollcalls can there- whatever has absolutely nothing to do party spirit for the spirit of patriotism. fore be expected throughout the day with the essential fact that there are Grant both sides in this negotiation today. men, women, and children in the that triumphant transition that hap- Mr. WELLSTONE addressed the Northeast, Midwest, and cold weather pens when we give up the pride of Chair. States who are going cold right now. thinking that we have all of the an- The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The More short-term fixes won’t cut it any- swers and dare to pray, ‘‘Lord, show us distinguished Senator from Minnesota more. There are long waiting lists the way to break this deadlock.’’ Dis- is recognized. throughout the country, and when peo- place our distrust of each other; re- Mr. WELLSTONE. I thank the Chair. ple in this program don’t get served, place it with a deep commitment to (Mr. INHOFE assumed the chair.) they don’t heat their homes. In the creative compromise. There is so much f State of New York, for example, I have on which both factions agree. Give us heard that people are being told to LOW-INCOME ENERGY ASSISTANCE the will to press on until workable so- come back in March to apply for en- lutions are found. We begin this day Mr. WELLSTONE. Mr. President, I ergy assistance. Come back in March, asking You to work in the minds and rose last week to talk about an issue when it’s freezing there now. In my hearts of those who bear the responsi- that is critical to people in my State, State of Minnesota—and I am sure it is bility of finding Your solution. Give and across the Northeast and upper the case in my colleague’s State of them clear heads and willing hearts. Midwest. There have been scores of edi- Wisconsin—this weekend temperatures We ask this for the good of the Nation torials in major newspapers all across are right around zero. and for the continuing respect of the the country dealing with a funda- We have to allocate this money now, people for the ability of the executive mental moral issue that we, in this Na- and the problem is that for all of our and legislative branches of Govern- tion, are confronted with this week in States we are faced with the situation ment to work together to govern this the Senate and House of Representa- of needing the money desperately, land. In the name of our Lord. Amen. tives. The title of this editorial is ‘‘Pray for right now. Let there be no mistake. f Warm Winter. GOP Plans Mean Pork This is not really a 1-year program, it and a Loss of Heating Aid.’’ is basically a 6-month heating pro- RECOGNITION OF THE ACTING I am going to be joined by a number gram. We need to get funding to people MAJORITY LEADER of colleagues throughout the day who for energy assistance now. By this time The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The want to speak on this issue. My col- in Minnesota last year, as opposed to $9 able Senator from Oklahoma is recog- league from Wisconsin is here, Senator million, we had about $25 million out nized. KOHL. I wish to make sure that other in our State. Right now, Mr. President,

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

S18583

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VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18584 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 there are 31,000 applications now pend- self-sufficient 90-year-old woman lives ing of the budget. I believe there is ing; 16,000 cannot be served; close to alone; her monthly income is $204. goodness in people. I believe there is 4,000 people in crisis, many in a no-heat Right now she has closed off almost all goodness in people and it extends way situation. In Minnesota, many have of her home, I say to my colleague beyond party. And I believe this is a been turned away. from Wisconsin; she is living in one moral issue. I honest to God believe This is outrageous. It is unconscion- room. She is heating one room. She has this is a moral issue. able. So what we have to do is make not been able to get the energy assist- I think the problem is that we have sure that in this continuing resolu- ance she needs this year. She does not gotten so caught up in the statistics tion—Friday, Monday, starting with know where she is going to go, and she that we just do not understand what the one Friday by midnight—we have a thinks she is going to basically have to the implications are, what this trans- formula that accelerates the delivery leave her home and go into a nursing lates into in personal terms and human of funding to our States, to the cold home. terms. weather States so people do not freeze Mr. President, there are people in my Mr. President, let me just simply say to death. We cannot go forward on this State, and in Wisconsin, and in many that as I understand this chart, just ad hoc basis—a little bit here and a lit- other States across this land right looking at the LIHEAP allocation by tle bit there but not enough to serve now, who either have no heat—can you December of 1994, at least $800 million long waiting lists of people. Our coun- imagine that in the United States of had been allocated out to communities. try can do better. America? There are those who are liv- By the end of the second quarter, that In the State of Minnesota last year, ing or heating one room, or who have number had shot to well over a billion 110,000 households, about 330,000 people, turned the thermostat down to 50 de- dollars. That is last year. It is now De- were served by this program. Grants grees, or who are using their oven to cember 15, 1995, and $231 million all to- were about $380 or thereabouts. The try and heat their home, whose fur- gether been allocated under the con- heating bills for people were far more naces have not been repaired but tinuing resolution. That says it all. than that during the winter but in should be, but there was no funding for Last year by this time about $800 many cases this at least enabled people that, who are running with dangerous, million had gone out to our commu- to get by. badly maintained kerosene stoves, run- nities to make sure that men, women Many of the people who benefit are ning a fire hazard, with the risk of car- and children do not go cold in America, elderly people who live on Social Secu- bon monoxide poisoning. This is the do not freeze to death in America. By rity benefits. Many of them are fami- United States of America? the way, don’t anybody believe that lies with children. Many of them are And so, Mr. President, let me just be this is scare tactics. Talk to any of the families struggling with disabilities. clear about this to my colleagues, people who are out there trying to Many of them are minimum wage Democrats and Republicans alike: The serve—Salvation Army, churches, foun- workers. Low-Income Energy Assistance Pro- dations—that are trying to serve peo- It is unbelievable; in the House of gram requires a minimum amount of ple right now, and they will tell you Representatives this program was resources, but it goes to the core of the same thing. By December 15, 1995, eliminated outright, cut by over $1.3 what we are about. This is a cold- only $231 million. That will make for a billion. The total cost of the energy as- weather lifeline program. This is not cold Hanukkah and a cold Christmas sistance program for the whole country an income supplement. This is a sur- for many Americans who depend on is less than one B–2 bomber. This re- vival supplement. LIHEAP funds. flects seriously distorted priorities. Family values, Mr. President, are One would think we could do better These are not the priorities of the vast about extending a helping hand. Fam- in this next continuing resolution. We majority of people in this country. ily values are about giving people hope. have to accelerate the funding right There are editorials in newspapers all Family values are about compassion. now, and if we do not do that in a con- across the country which essentially Family values are about all of us here tinuing resolution and there is no are saying what the vast majority of understanding the implications and agreement, the administration needs to people are saying. What we are doing consequences of what we do. release the money right now. I yield to right now in Washington, DC, is too My God, we have statistics and al- my colleague from Wisconsin. harsh and it is too extreme; it is too phabet soup, OMB, CBO, baseline budg- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- punitive. It must not be allowed to ets and all the rest. Too often, it is a ator from Wisconsin. continue. bloodless debate. I am talking about Mr. KOHL. I thank my colleague Let me give a couple of examples of people who are desperate, right now, from Minnesota. folks in my state who have been af- today, in the State of Minnesota, who We are from the same geographical fected by these immediate, huge cuts. are having to go without heat, or being part of the United States so we have Clara Mager is a 73-year-old resident of forced to scrounge funds from friends, the same problem, and my outlook on an Iron Range town. I mentioned her relatives, charities to buy fuel. this problem that we are facing is very problem briefly the other day. She re- What is it going to take—someone similar to Senator WELLSTONE’s. ceives about $675 a month in Social Se- freezing to death?—for us to take ac- We have 130,000 low-income families curity. She lives alone, and she raised tion? Then it will be too late. Time in Wisconsin who desperately depend 6 children on her own. She just re- rushes on. Time is not neutral. People on this energy assistance. They are, all ceived a grant of approximately $220. are going cold in America. We can do of them, families who live at or be- She owed her fuel provider, Intercity better. neath the poverty level, and they are Oil, $177, and on Monday she had only And I say to the administration, if understandably and without question 60 gallons left in her fuel tank. She there is no agreement come midnight in need of this assistance. does not know how she is going to Friday, since this was last year’s fund- For whatever reason, the face of Gov- make it through the winter, and she ing, they should put out this money ernment this week is on display to our does not know whether she can stay in now. The money is there, waiting to be country. We are going to demonstrate her house. released, but it’s constrained by law whether or not we understand here in Nancy Watson is 55 years old, from until midnight tomorrow. After that, Washington what it is to be poor and to Clear Lake, MN, and disabled. Her in- the administration should release the be living in bitter cold and whether or come on SSI and MSA is $529 a month. $1 billion—it is already there—and get not we are prepared to respond to that She received a grant of only about $80 the funding out to the States and out desperate need that these low-income this year, and she does not know what to the communities so people do not go families have for energy assistance to she is going to do. It is far less than in cold and so people do not freeze to heat themselves and their families on the past because we are not getting the death. their meager resources. allocations of funds out there in the I did not come here to the U.S. Sen- For reasons that are not understand- communities. ate from the State of Minnesota to be able, we here in Washington have de- In Blue Earth County—we are get- silent, especially not in the face of this cided to fund this energy assistance, ting calls from all over the State—a kind of cruelty and unthinking slash- not when it is needed as we have been

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18585 doing heretofore in the program, which out to communities. But 54 Senators tion can help its poor stay warm in the is to say, get the money out during the have signed this letter, simply saying, winter. Is that not true any longer? winter months, but we have decided look, we have to get the funds out. Mr. President, this is a shameful not only to cut LIHEAP but also to Temperatures have dropped below place to cut. Our Nation can do better, fund it in 12 equal annual installments. freezing, there is snow on the ground, and, in my State of Minnesota, there Anybody listening to this debate this and we simply are not able to get the are citizens who are going without morning knows that that does not money out. heat, and one is one too many. There make any sense. The money needs to There is a real sense of urgency here. are people who are cold, and one family be gotten out during the winter So there is a tremendous amount of is one too many. There are families months, this month and next month, support for this on the Senate side. I who depend on this energy assistance, and sending out that money to these have been in contact with many of- so they do not get cold and so they will low-income families in June and July fices. I know Senator LEAHY, Senator have enough resources to be able to and August does not make any sense KERRY and others are very, very com- purchase prescription drugs if that is when they need the money in Decem- mitted to this and are very anxious for what they need, or food. The total cost ber and January and February. us to get this resolved. Senator SPEC- of this program was less than the cost If we are not able to respond to that TER from Pennsylvania, as well. I of one B–2 bomber. The Des Moines need, as Senator WELLSTONE has said, mean, Democrats and Republicans Register is right, a rich nation can help now, this week, by tomorrow, we will alike want to get this done. This has its poor stay warm in the winter. have demonstrated that we do not have become a moral issue. I do not believe Mr. President, in this situation, time the compassion to understand what is that is an exaggeration. rushes on; time is not neutral. We are going on in our country and what the Are we going to dilly-dally around confronted with the fierce urgency of purpose of Government is, if it is not to here and play games and talk about all now. I assume there is goodwill on the help those who are in genuine des- these statistics, and yet not come to- part of all of my colleagues, and I as- perate need. gether to make some change in a for- sume I will receive a tremendous So we have a crisis, and we have an mula to make sure that we get some amount of support. Fifty-four Senators ability to respond to that crisis. We are urgently needed funds out into commu- already have gone on record as saying talking about, as Senator WELLSTONE nities so people do not freeze to death we have to act now. has said, a total amount of money of in the United States? Mr. President, I believe that for the less than $1 billion, which is a cut from Mr. President, when we went through next 2 days this must be a priority for what it had been last year. the rescissions package, I held that the U.S. Congress, and for the next LIHEAP last year was funded at $1.3 package up for a short period. Part of week it must be a priority to make billion. We decided to cut it to $1 bil- the reason I did that was, there was a sure that people in the United States of lion. As Senator WELLSTONE pointed deal late at night, and all of a sudden America—men, women and children— out, the House wants to zero out the over $300 million, or thereabouts, was do not go cold. We must make sure program entirely. That debate between cut from the energy assistance pro- that we do not have people freezing to the House and the Senate has not yet gram. I remember saying in the debate death in the United States of America. been resolved. But, in the meantime, then that if this is a glimpse of what is The issue could not be clearer. we have a continuing resolution which to come, I do not want to have any- I yield the floor. does fund LIHEAP at a billion dollars, thing to do with it. This is too harsh, The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. and we have to see to it that that too extreme, it is too radical. This is THOMAS). Who seeks recognition? money gets out to those people in des- beyond the goodness of people in Amer- f perate need of now. The next day or ica. And when we were faced with our two will demonstrate what the face of first continuing resolution, at one MEASURE PLACED ON THE our Government is and what it is we point in time there was some suggested CALENDAR—S. 1472 are interested in depicting to the peo- language that said that until the Mr. WELLSTONE. I understand there ple of the United States, whom we rep- Labor, Health and Human Services ap- is a bill on the calendar due for a sec- resent. propriations bill is passed, there can be ond reading. So I urge my colleagues, along with no allocation of energy assistance The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Senator WELLSTONE and many others— money. What is going on here? What is ator is correct. 53 Senators have signed a letter urging going on? This is so harsh and so ex- The clerk will report. the negotiators to act quickly, with treme. While we beat that effort back, The assistant legislative clerk read dispatch and without delay, on this ur- the problem is even more urgent now. as follows: gent need. I urge my colleagues to see Mr. President, this article says, A bill (S. 1472) to provide for one additional to it that our negotiators here in Con- ‘‘Buffalo Prays for a Warm Winter.’’ Federal judge for the Middle District of Lou- gress, and in the administration, act in We can do better than that, can we isiana and one less district judge for the a way which is sensible and compas- not? Are we not policymakers? Is that Eastern District of Louisiana. sionate for those in our country who what people are supposed to be reduced Mr. WELLSTONE. Mr. President, I need our help so urgently at this spe- to, praying for warm weather? Do we object to further consideration of this cific time. need to just pray for a warm winter? It matter at this time. Mr. WELLSTONE. Mr. President, I is not a warm winter in Minnesota. We The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill thank my colleague from Wisconsin. need to take action. will be placed on the calendar. Again, really, I think this is the begin- Another article focusing on LIHEAP Mr. WELLSTONE. Mr. President, I ning of the discussion today. There will funding problems says, ‘‘A Heap of suggest the absence of a quorum. be time—and I believe a number of us Trouble in New York.’’ A Lexington, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The will be back on the floor throughout KY, paper has a headline here that says clerk will call the roll. the day. We are going to keep pushing ‘‘Staying Warm.’’ The list goes on. The assistant legislative clerk pro- on this. Beaver, PA, ‘‘Bankruptcy, Heating ceeded to call the roll. Senator KOHL mentioned this letter, Program for the Poor Hit.’’ In the Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I ask dated December 8 and signed by 54 Sen- Maine Sentinel, ‘‘Heating Program unanimous consent that the order for ators, to Chairman HATFIELD, who I Cut; Out in the Cold.’’ ‘‘Timing Wrong the quorum call be rescinded. really want to say right now has been for Eliminating Weather Aid,’’ Albany. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without very committed to trying to do some- The list goes on and on, Mr. President. objection, it is so ordered. thing about this. He has been great in ‘‘Cold Comfort,’’ Boston Globe. Des f the U.S. Senate, and we are going to Moines Register, ‘‘A Shameful Place to dearly miss him. I know he feels as if Cut. A rich nation can help its poor BOSNIA his hands are tied at the moment. He is stay warm in the winter.’’ The Des Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, several very committed to do something about Moines Register editorial says LIHEAP of us last night were opposed to the the acceleration of getting the funding is a shameful place to cut. A rich na- President’s program to mass deploy

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18586 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 troops into Bosnia. I remember several THE ROLE OF THE JUSTICE DE- weakening of our country’s leadership talks that many of us who had been PARTMENT IN BELL COMPANY in telecommunications. over there had that contradicted what ENTRY INTO LONG DISTANCE Last May, the Antitrust Sub- the administration says was total SERVICE AND ON INTERNET DAY committee held a hearing on the anti- peace and a calm environment, with no OF PROTEST trust issues implicated in the Senate hostilities since the cease-fire went off. Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, among telecommunications bill, S. 652. This I can remember being before the Sen- many critical issues currently facing hearing confirmed the importance of competition to achieve lower prices, ate Armed Services Committee remind- Congress, one of the most far-reaching better services and products, and more ing General Shalikashvili and Sec- is the Telecommunications Competi- innovation for the benefit of consumers tion and Deregulation Act, which is retary Perry that, in fact, the firing and our Nation. If we believe in the now the subject of a conference with had not stopped, and the bombs were antitrust laws—which have protected the House of Representatives. In June still going off and then only to find out free enterprise for over 100 years—then of this year, during debate on the tele- they had never been up there. we should ensure that the Antitrust Di- communications bill, I spoke on the vision of the Justice Department plays Those of us who are opposed to send- floor about the importance of giving a meaningful role in telecommuni- ing the troops over now will give full the Justice Department primary re- cations. support to the troops, full support to sponsibility to determine when the Bell the effort, hopefully, something in the I understand that members of the operating companies should be per- telecommunications bill conference way that would cause this to be over mitted to enter into long distance mar- there and the troops would come home. have not yet resolved the issue of what kets. role, if any, the Justice Department I also supported an amendment by I read this morning—regretfully will have in allowing Bell company Senator THURMOND, the distinguished some news accounts, one of them from entry into long-distance. I urge the chairman of the Senate Judiciary Sub- the Associated Press—after the treaty conferees to make sure the bill gives committee on Antitrust, Senator DOR- was signed and while world leaders are the Justice Department a meaningful GAN, and others, that would have en- still making speeches in Paris, evening role, and does not merely suggest to sured a strong role for the Justice De- explosions and several heavy machine the FCC that it consult with the anti- partment as the Bell companies expand gun bursts echoed around the front trust experts. their business into long distance, as we I also take this occasion to urge the lines of a Sarajevo neighborhood. Bos- all hope they will. That amendment re- nian police officials say one shell im- conferees to reconsider the manner in ceived the votes of 43 Senators. which they have chosen to regulate pacted the roof of a building close by Today, I remain convinced that the constitutionally protected speech on while two rifle grenades were fired to- Antitrust Division of the Department the Internet and other computer net- ward Bosnian Government positions in of Justice should have a meaningful works. Since I spoke last week on this the area. Machine gun burst pocketed a role in telecommunications in the area southern wall of the Holiday Inn hotel. issue, the House conferees have agreed, of their expertise. As the ranking Dem- as I feared that they might, to a provi- I know the Presiding Officer was over ocrat on the Judiciary Committee’s sion that would effectively ban from there, as I was. This is the hotel that Antitrust, Business Rights, and Com- the Internet constitutionally protected used to be the Embassy for the United petition Subcommittee, I would like speech deemed by some prosecutor in States. It now just has a few windows briefly to note three basic points on some jurisdiction in this country to be left and they are still using it as a this issue: indecent. This ban will reach far be- First, we all say that we support hotel. They probably will not be now. yond obscenity, mind you, to some competition replacing regulation, but It sounds as if things are still hap- vague standard of what is proper and pening over there, and hopefully with the question is how best to make the decent to speak about both in terms of all of our help and support to the transition. I firmly believe that we content and manner of expression. troops that we can accomplish the mis- must rely on the bipartisan principles They are heading in the wrong direc- sion that our troops are over there for. of antitrust law in order to move as tion. We should affirm freedom and pri- quickly as possible toward competition I personally plan to spend some time vacy, not Government intervention, in all segments of the telecommuni- when it comes to personal communica- over there. I have gotten to know sev- cations industry, and away from regu- eral of the troops that have come from tions. lation. Relying on antitrust principles Supporters of these restrictions con- my State of Oklahoma who will be sta- is vital to ensure that the free market tend that regulating speech on the tioned over there. I am hoping I will be will work to spur competition and re- Internet is necessary because self-ap- able to have a better answer for them duce government involvement in the pointed spokesmen for decency say than I had before when they asked the industry. that parents should be concerned about question: What is the mission? So we Second, the Bell companies certainly what their children might access on will give our full support to the troops should be allowed to enter long-dis- the Internet. But many people, includ- over there and to the mission as the tance markets under appropriate cir- ing many parents, young families and President has described and hopefully cumstances, for it is generally desir- members of the generations that in- it will be over very soon and our troops able to have as many competitors as clude our children and grandchildren, will come home. possible in each market. The issue is are also very concerned. They ought to how to determine the point at which I suggest the absence of a quorum. be concerned about letting the Govern- entry by Bell companies will help rath- ment step in to censor what they can The PRESIDING OFFICER. The er than harm competition. That ques- say online, and to tell them what they clerk will call the roll. tion, quite simply, is an antitrust mat- might or might not see. The legislative clerk proceeded to ter which needs the antitrust expertise The Congress is venturing where it call the roll. and specialization of the Antitrust Di- need not and should not go. We should vision of the Justice Department. not be seeking to control communica- Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I ask Third, as one long interested in com- tions among adults, whether old fogeys unanimous consent that the order for petition and the antitrust laws, I do like ourselves or the vibrant young the quorum call be rescinded. not believe it is possible for checklists people who make up the vast bulk of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without fully to take the place of flexible anti- the communities in cyberspace. We objection, it is so ordered. trust analysis in any industry or mar- should not be acting to reduce all dis- ket. If antitrust principles are ignored, course over the Internet to third-grade Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I ask competition is likely to suffer and readers. unanimous consent that I may proceed market power may become con- There are alternatives to over- in morning business for 10 minutes. centrated in a few companies. This will reaching Government regulation. In- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without lead to harm to consumers through stead of passing a new law—a new law objection, it is so ordered. higher prices, less innovation, and the that tells

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18587 us what we can say, or think—we Last June, I brought to the floor pe- child pornography, we have laws on the should use the laws that are on the titions from over 25,000 people who sup- books. We can go after those people. books to protect children, and assume ported my proposal to study techno- We can prosecute them. But let us not that maybe somewhere, somehow, logical, voluntary and other ways to close down 99.9 percent of the Internet someplace parents ought to take re- restrict access to objectionable online because of a few child pornographers. sponsibility instead of us always auto- messages, before we lay the heavy hand Go after them, but protect the Internet matically passing a law to say what of Government censorship onto the for the rest of the people. parents should or should not do. Internet. Maybe those who are on the Internet Let me tell you what happens. When This week, a number of organiza- ought to ask their Members of the you start having all of this sudden cen- tions, including the Center for Democ- House or the Senate, Do they use it? sorship, well-meaning though it might racy and Technology and Voters Tele- Do they understand it? Do they under- be, it reaches too far. communications Watch, sponsored a stand the computer? I do not want to We have left technological advance- National Internet Day of Protest over ask them if they know how to do really ments, software barriers, access codes, the telecommunications bill con- technical things, like programming a increased enforcement of laws already ference’s proposal to censor the Inter- on the books, and vigilant parenting net. In just one day—Tuesday—over VCR. Ask them if they can turn on the unexplored as alternatives to over- 18,000 people contacted the offices of Internet? Can they actually talk with reaching Government regulation. conferees. This country will never ac- each other? And if they cannot, maybe After a majority of my Senate col- cept the new temperance demagoguery Internet users ought to tell their Mem- leagues rejected my position in June that is leading us down the road to bers, ‘‘Then leave us alone. Leave us and incorporated a so-called Commu- Government censorship of computer alone.’’ nications Decency Act in the tele- communications. communications bill without hearings, We have software parents can easily f without examination and without use to pull up on the computer and find much thought, I still held out hope out where their children have been LIHEAP that they would proceed to learn some- going—what discussion, and what chat Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, the dis- thing about the Internet, how it works, lines they have been on. If they find tinguished Presiding Officer and I both and its potential benefits for those who things in there they do not want, come from States where we know what will be using it in the coming century. maybe the parents ought to take the winter weather is. I daresay the distin- I was encouraged when the Speaker of responsibility to speak to their chil- guished Presiding Officer has probably the House agreed with me and re- dren. If you have books or magazines heard a weather report in his State— marked that the Senate’s action was that you do not want your children to one of the most beautiful in this coun- ‘‘clearly a violation of free speech’’ and read, then maybe parents might just try—probably heard a weather report ‘‘very badly thought out.’’ I, again, say, do not read it. urge him to rejoin in the debate before Somewhere there ought to be some similar to one I heard in Vermont last it is too late. responsibility left for mothers and fa- weekend. In the news they said, ‘‘By We have already seen the chilling ef- thers in raising their children, and not the way, we expect a dusting of snow fect that even the prospect of this leg- have this idea that we have to turn ev- tonight, accumulations of no more islation has had on online service pro- erything over to the heavy hand of than 3 to 4 inches.’’ And nobody thinks viders. Last week, America Online de- Government. anything of it. If we have 10 inches of leted the profile of a Vermonter who In my years here I have seen rare in- snow overnight, schools still open, peo- communicated with fellow breast can- stances where Senators and House ple still go to work. cer survivors online. Why? Members in both parties have rushed I contrast that with the situation we They found in checking that this pell-mell into having the Government face in the Washington area. How Vermonter had used the word ‘‘breast.’’ step in to take over for parents. At a many times have we turned on the TV Nobody bothered to ask why. She is a time when we hear that we have a new in the morning and see we have remote survivor of breast cancer. She was thrust in the Congress where we want locations and you have all the people using the Internet to have correspond- to get Government off your backs, we out there bundled up, and the poor ence with other survivors of breast want to get Government out of your camera person has the bright lights on, cancer to talk about concerns they life, we want to turn things back to trying to find one snowflake coming might have—medical advances—a basic people, we have a massive effort under- down. They say, ‘‘Oh, and the latest re- support group. But the censors looked way in the telecommunications con- port is the snow appears to be gath- in and so, because the word ‘‘breast’’ ference to say we are going to tell you ering and we switch now to the head had been used, she was being stopped. what to think; we are going to tell you meteorologist,’’ who, in a state of This is what we are opening ourselves what to do, when you go online. panic, is saying, ‘‘And we may get ac- up to. We should use the current laws Do you know why? I am willing to cumulations of up to an inch.’’ An already on the books, and we should bet that three-quarters of the Congress inch? My 86-year-old mother goes out ask parents to be a little more vigilant. do not have the foggiest idea how to with a broom and sweeps anything up Will some things get on the Internet get on Internet; do not have the fog- to 2 or 3 inches off the walk. Schools that you, I, and other Members of the giest idea how to use the Internet; have will open, but here, if they open at all, Senate might find objectionable? Of never corresponded back and forth on it is 5 hours late. ‘‘Two inches were course, it will. But this objectionable the Internet. They can say: ‘‘We do not spotted somewhere in the continental material would be a tiny fraction of use it. It does not involve us. So let us United States and it might be moving the vast materials available on the screw it up for everybody else who this way.’’ Internet. What we should protect is one might use it.’’ But, ‘‘everybody else’’ of the greatest experiments we have are millions and millions of Americans. Last night I drove home around mid- seen in our age of the Internet where I urge the full telecommunications night and I saw cars spinning off the you have everything from the things bill conference to consider the threat road for two reasons. One, they did not you find most valuable to things you its proposals to regulate online speech know how to drive; and second, not- might find boring or repulsive. poses to the future growth of the Inter- withstanding the fact that everybody We do not close down our telephone net. knew an ice storm was coming, appar- companies because somebody picks up The interests of the young children ently nobody thought to send out the the phone and calls somebody else and are not in the stifling of speech or Gov- sand trucks and sand the road. This tells them a dirty joke, or reams them ernment overreaching. They will be morning, at about 5:45 or so, when I out in four-letter words. The behavior served by the growth of the Internet, drove with my wife to work—she was between the two may be reprehensible, the development of the World Wide going to the hospital, she is on the and maybe they should discuss their Web and the creative, economic, and morning shift—again, we saw cars spin- personal relationship, but we do not social opportunities that they can pro- ning out all over the place. They come close down the telephone company be- vide. And for those who want to abuse roaring down to an intersection, slam- cause that might happen. it, those who want to be involved in ming on the brakes—of course they had

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18588 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 not bothered to sand the intersec- those who live in the frost belt. I hope ceived last year by this time, Vermont tions—and looked amazed and sur- we will pass it. has received only $1.3 million. This is prised that the law of physics applied. Mr. President, I thank the Chair for not enough to meet the needs of the You have a heavy object, you have no its forbearance and I will be happy to 25,000 low-income Vermonters who rely traction: It does not stop. It has some join with the distinguished Presiding on LIHEAP to avoid freezing in the aspect to do with the law of friction Officer in offering snowtime driving winter. Gov. Howard Dean has had to and physics, something I suggest lessons to any of our colleagues who delay the start of this year’s program maybe we may want to teach. may wish them—certainly to the media until December, and I can assure my We get into a situation around this who report on four or five snowflakes colleagues that it can get quite cold in area that the only effective snow or ice as though it was the coming of a new Vermont in October and November. removal is a couple of days of warm Ice Age. I think it is fairly clear that we are weather. I once thought the reason we f not going to be able to pass all the re- maining appropriations bills by the end keep everything going in the little LIHEAP State of Vermont is we must have a lot of this week, so we are going to have to more equipment and a lot more people. Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. President, as take up another CR. It is critical that Apparently that is not so. Actually my colleagues know, it is cold outside. this CR not include the spend-out limi- they have more down here. I think This morning in my home State of tation on LIHEAP. Last week Senator they are saving it, though. They do not Vermont it was minus one degree in KENNEDY and I sent a letter to Appro- want to use up this equipment. Maybe Burlington, minus 9 degrees in our cap- priations Committee, MARK HATFIELD, they are thinking someday another Ice ital city of Montpelier and in the asking him to address this problem. Age will come and we will need it then. Northeast Kingdom, there were 18 Fifty-two other Senators, Repub- But in Vermont we do have cold inches of snow on the ground. This licans and Democrats joined us in sign- weather. I remember a year or so ago weekend the temperature fell below ing this letter, and although the North- they closed down the Government here zero in Minnesota. It was 20 degrees in east/Midwest Senate Coalition, which I because it was about 25 degrees. Delaware and it has even dropped to cochair, coordinated the effort, Sen- I was in Montpelier, VT, in the State below freezing in Atlanta, GA. ators from all over the Nation co- With these cold temperatures, and capital that day and it was 15 degrees signed. I ask unanimous consent that a the subfreezing days that are sure to below zero. I walked from my office to copy of this letter along with the 54 follow, one has to wonder how nearly 6 the capitol. Every place was open, ev- Senators who cosigned the letter be million low-income American families erybody went to work. I constantly got printed in the RECORD following my re- are going to make it through the win- stopped by people on the streets who marks. ter. In past years, the Low-Income The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without said, ‘‘We heard on the news they Home Energy Assistance Program objection, it is so ordered. closed down Government offices and [LIHEAP] has provided aid to these (See exhibit 1.) everything in Washington because it is families. Mr. JEFFORDS. Although most Sen- 25 degrees. They really mean 25 below, LIHEAP is a block grant provided to ators who signed the letter would like don’t they?’’ the States that help low-income Amer- to see LIHEAP increased, the letter I said, ‘‘No, 25 degrees. That is 40 de- icans with an average income of $8,000 does not ask for additional LIHEAP grees warmer than it is here where we heat their homes. This year however, funding. It simply asks that States be are all going to work.’’ states have not received sufficient allowed to spend the LIHEAP funds But we do have that 25- to 30-degree funds to meet the needs of their low-in- that have been appropriated under the below zero weather. I mention that, to come citizens. two CR’s this winter when the funds be serious, because we need money in Since we have yet to pass a fiscal are needed. There are similar efforts LIHEAP. In Vermont we have about year 1996 appropriations bill for the De- being undertaken in the House. In addi- 25,000 families eligible for LIHEAP, aid partments of Labor, Health and Human tion to Senator KENNEDY, I want to for those who need heating assistance. Resources, and Education, LIHEAP has thank Senators ABRAHAM, COHEN, I think last year our families received been funded by the two continuing res- SNOWE, MOYNIHAN, KOHL, LEAHY, and slightly less than $400 a home. But be- olutions [CR’s] that we have passed and WELLSTONE for their assistance in cause of the budget, in Vermont they the President has signed. These two gathering support for this letter. I also can be promised only about $50 this CR’s funded LIHEAP at 90 and 75 per- want to thank Senator SPECTER for his year. cent of last year’s level respectively, continued support of LIHEAP. I think Mr. President, 70 percent of those re- but, and this is the key, the CR’s lim- we have made it very clear that this cipients earn $8,000 a year or less, 30 ited LIHEAP spending to the propor- spend-out restriction cannot be in- percent of them are AFDC homes with tional daily rate of the duration of the cluded in the next CR. children. Mr. President, 32 percent of CR. Mr. President, LIHEAP is a lifeline them are working Vermonters who This cap on the spend-out rate means for many seniors and families with need help; 41 percent of the recipients that States have received only 75 days’ small children, and cutting LIHEAP are elderly or disabled. People are worth of funds. In past years States re- will drastically increase the energy going to be dying from the cold. It does ceived 60 percent of their allotments in burden of many American families. get cold back in my State. We have had the first quarter. This year, they have Some Members of the House have ar- many below-zero days already. We will received only slightly greater than 20 gued that LIHEAP is no longer needed, have days where it will go down to 20 percent. The vast majority of LIHEAP but for many low-income Americans, or 30 below zero. funds are used for heating assistance. the energy crisis is not over. In some Congress is no closer to passing a Requiring that LIHEAP funds be spent areas of the country, energy prices are Labor-HHS bill with LIHEAP funding out evenly throughout the year makes still increasing; in Vermont over the than they were back in September. If no sense. While it may leave LIHEAP last 3 years, prices have gone up 21 per- Congress feels that block grants are funds available in June, many low-in- cent. Since 1980 however, real LIHEAP such a good idea for school lunches and come families would not be able to funding has gone down 65 percent. Medicaid, at least show they are con- heat their homes this winter. In fact, no other discretionary for- sistent and keep the LIHEAP block Last year at this time, the Depart- mula grant program has seen its fund- grant going. Food shelves are getting ment of Health and Human Services ing reduced as much as LIHEAP. The empty. Frost is on the windows day had dispersed around $800 million to Congressional Research Service [CRS] and night. People are down to the ques- the States. So far this year, States performed a study of energy prices and tion of heating versus eating. If you have received only $230 million. As LIHEAP funding. CRS concluded that, are elderly or disabled, that is one heck Senator KENNEDY pointed out yester- even taking changes in real energy of a question to have to ask. day, LIHEAP funds were to be reduced prices into account, LIHEAP would We need to pass a LIHEAP budget. It by 10 or 25 percent, not 70 percent. have to be funded at between $1.75 and is a gaping new hole in the welfare net What has this meant in Vermont? In- $2.39 billion to provide the same level and it is hurting Americans, especially stead of the $4.5 million we had re- of benefits as it did in 1980.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18589 Last year, over 25,000 low-income P. Moynihan, Patrick Leahy, Olympia sider this Convention early next year. Vermonters received a total of $7.5 mil- Snowe, Carl Levin, Christopher J. The principles embodied in the Strad- lion in assistance. The average amount Dodd, John F. Kerry, Larry Pressler, dling Stocks Agreement are not only was $75 a month for the 5 winter Wendell Ford, Rick Santorum, Clai- consistent with the Law of the Sea, but months. The average AFDC recipient borne Pell, Alfonse D’Amato, Spencer Abraham, Carol Moseley-Braun, Byron it is to be applied concurrently with only has $43 a month left over after L. Dorgan, John H. CHAFEE, Paul that Convention. paying the energy bill. Without Simon, Dick Lugar, J. Lieberman, Mr. President, in the past year, I LIHEAP assistance, many recipients Frank R. Lautenberg, Tom Daschle, have repeatedly addressed the Senate will not be able to afford to pay their Bob Kerrey, Tom Harkin, John Glenn, to highlight the ways in which the Law heating bills this winter, and many Jeff Bingaman, Max Baucus, Bob of the Sea Convention has been im- would be forced to choose between heat Smith, Paul Sarbanes, Dale Bumpers, proved, and now meets our fisheries in- and food. Jay Rockefeller, Jim Exon, Howell Hef- terests, our national security interests, As I stated earlier, LIHEAP is a lin, Russ Feingold, Daniel K. Akaka, and our economic interests. This hard- Harry Reid, Dan Coats, Richard H. block grant. Each State decides for fought treaty was the result of more itself how to structure its program and Bryan, David Pryor, Joe Biden, Patty Murray, Mitch McConnell, Ben than 20 years of negotiations, in which how to get the resources to those that Nighthorse Campbell, Judd Gregg, both Democratic and Republican Ad- need it. It is also a program that has no Mike DeWine, Bill Bradley, Barbara A. ministrations participated actively. As history at all of any fraud or abuse. Mikulski, Kent Conrad, Chuck Robb, a result, all the concerns that the Without LIHEAP energy providers, D.K. Inouye, Chuck Grassley. United States had expressed when the many of whom are small, unregulated f Convention was first open for signature businesses, may have to choose be- STRADDLING STOCKS AGREEMENT in 1982 have now been addressed. An tween not getting paid for the energy agreement modifying the deep sea-bed they provide and cutting off their need- Mr. PELL. Mr. President, on Decem- mining provisions of the Convention iest customers. ber 4, 1995, Madeleine Albright, our was concluded and signed by the Mr. President, winter is upon us. Ambassador to the United Nations, People are freezing. We must free up United States in 1994. Similarly, the signed on behalf of the United States Straddling Stocks Agreement address- LIHEAP funds so that low-income the Agreement for the Implementation Americans will be able to heat their es some of the high seas fishing issues of the Provisions of the United Nations that had been left open by the Conven- homes this winter. We must remove Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 the spend out rate limitation. tion. December 1982 Relating to the Con- I expect the administration will for- EXHIBIT 1 servation and Management of Strad- ward the Straddling Stocks Agreement U.S. SENATE, dling Fish Stocks and Highly Migra- to the Senate early next year. In order Washington, D.C, December 5, 1995. tory Fish Stocks. As the Ambassador to optimize the effects of the Strad- Hon. MARK HATFIELD, said in her speech at the time, this Appropriations Committee, The Capitol, dling Stocks Agreement, it is urgent Washington, DC. Agreement offers a tremendous ad- that the United States also become a DEAR CHAIRMAN HATFIELD: We would like vancement in our global efforts to bet- party to the Law of the Sea Conven- to call your attention to a serious problem ter conserve and manage living marine tion. The Straddling Stocks Agreement with the interim funding for the Low Income resources. I ask unanimous consent specifies that the settlement of dis- Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP). that Ambassador Albright’s speech be We believe that if we are to continue funding putes will be carried out by the Law of printed in the RECORD at the conclu- programs under the FY96 Labor/HHS Appro- the Sea Tribunal, which will be estab- priations bill through a Continuing Resolu- sion of my remarks. This Agreement lished in Hamburg shortly. Fortu- tion (CR), states must be allowed to draw was the result of 3 long years of nego- nately, the judges on this Tribunal down LIHEAP funds at a higher rate which tiations and will best serve the inter- have not been designated yet, but the takes into account their historical spending ests of the United States by putting an United States must be a party to the practices and which is sufficient to ensure end to the lawlessness of high seas fish- Convention if an American judge is to the program’s viability. Temperatures have eries. be designated. dropped below freezing and there is snow on The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the ground in many parts of the country, but This is but one of the many reasons the language in both CRs that limits state objection, it is so ordered. why the United States should ratify draw downs to a proportional annual rate (See exhibit 1.) and become a party to the Law of the does not provide states sufficient funds to Mr. PELL. Mr. President, the United Sea Convention. We now have another operate programs and meet the heating States has long held the view that fish- incentive to take urgent action on this needs of their low income families. ing activities should be carried out in a issue and I trust that all my colleagues In past years, states have drawn down a sustainable fashion, and with due re- majority of their LIHEAP funds during the who have shown such an interest in the fall. This allows states to purchase fuel at gard to appropriate conservation and Straddling Stocks Agreement will join lower rates, maintain continuity of service, management measures. The Straddling me in my efforts to see the Straddling avoid shut offs, and plan for the upcoming Stocks Agreement ensures that the Stocks Agreement and the Law of the winter. Furthermore, nearly 90 percent of precautionary measures we have al- Sea Convention ratified promptly. LIHEAP funds are used for heating assist- ready adopted will be respected and im- EXHIBIT 1 ance during the coldest months. The CR lan- plemented by our international part- guage requires that LIHEAP funds be spent STATEMENT OF AMBASSADOR MADELEINE K. out over a twelve month period. While this ners. The United States has clearly led ALBRIGHT may leave funds for heating assistance in the way in this respect and it was of Mr. Chairman, distinguished ministers, fel- June, many low income families may not be the utmost importance to ensure that low ambassadors and delegates, and ladies able to heat their homes this winter. our efforts would not be undermined by and gentlemen. We believe it is critical to safeguard this the destructive practices of other This is a memorable occasion for all mem- program which protects the elderly, the dis- States. bers of the international community who abled, the working poor, and children. When This Agreement is only the latest have labored to conserve fishery resources it gets cold, these vulnerable Americans and strengthen the law of the sea. On this should not be forced to choose between heat- step in our ongoing efforts to establish historic day, the United States, joined by ing and eating. Continuing delays in funding a mosaic of international legal agree- other members of the international commu- and limits on the payout rate will hamper ments that will set up a strong regime nity, will sign the Agreement, adopted by states’ ability to help the 5.6 million for the management of our marine liv- consensus by the UN Conference on Strad- LIHEAP households survive the winter. We ing resources. Foremost among these is dling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish ask your assistance in ensuring that the the Convention on the Law of the Sea, Stocks. This Conference concluded its work bulk of LIHEAP funds can be spent during after three years of intense negotiations and the cold weather months at a rate sufficient transmitted to the Senate on October 6, 1994 (Treaty Document 103–39). More outstanding international cooperation. The to meet the needs of low income families United States is pleased to have participated this winter. Thank you. than a year later, this historic treaty in this effort. We are convinced that this Sincerely, is still pending before the Committee Agreement offers a tremendous advancement Jim Jeffords, Ted Kennedy, Herb Kohl, on Foreign Relations. I am hopeful in our global efforts to better conserve and Bill Cohen, Paul D. Wellstone, Daniel that the Committee will be able to con- manage living marine resources.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18590 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 As both a coastal State and a State whose Under the current continuing resolu- This legislation cuts our efforts to vessels fish on the high seas, we are keenly tion, funding for LIHEAP is limited to move away from fossil fuels, toward aware of the need for a balanced approach in the proportional annual rate of the du- cleaner, renewable fuels, such as solar the Agreement, one that recognizes the le- ration of the Continuing Resolution. energy. Energy efficiency standards are gitimate concerns of both groups. The United States believes that the Agreement That is, if the Continuing Resolution also relaxed. The end result: a continu- strikes a reasonable balance between con- lasts 32 days, only thirty-two three ation of our growing dependence on for- servation and fishing concerns, and between hundred and sixty sixths of LIHEAP eign oil. the interests of coastal States and States funds can be spent. While this formula This conference report also prohibits whose vessels fish on the high seas. We sup- may work well for most other pro- listing additional species as threatened port the Agreement because it establishes grams, for obvious reasons the vast or endangered and prohibits desig- new and effective rules to conserve and man- majority of funding for LIHEAP is nating and protecting critical wildlife age marine fisheries and provides for States spent during the winter months. There- habitat. to resolve their disputes through compulsory binding dispute settlement procedures. The fore, the current Continuing Resolu- Delaware has 9 animal species, and 16 Agreement, if widely ratified and properly tion formula leaves States with an ex- plant species, which are candidates for implemented, will both improve the health treme shortfall in their efforts to help Endangered Species Act listing, and I of our ocean ecosystems and ensure a lasting the poor and elderly through the cold- am concerned that this provision will supply of fish to feed the world’s population. est months of the year. hasten their extinction. The United States wishes to acknowledge Since LIHEAP is funded through the An unsustainable amount of logging the skill, leadership and energy of Ambas- Labor, HHS, and Education appropria- will also be permitted in the Tongass sador Satya Nandan for crafting the Agree- tions bill which has not yet been de- National Forest, a great temperate ment. We are truly indebted to you. rainforest in southeastern . This Agreement is particularly noteworthy bated on the Senate floor, the funding because it directly contributes to a broader for this program necessarily must With Christmas fast approaching I global effort to promote international co- come through Continuing Resolutions. can understand a certain amount of operation, reduce conflict and achieve more Should this continue to be the case, I sentiment for expedited logging. But effectively the sustainable use of living ma- urge those negotiating the Continuing we are not talking about a few Christ- rine resources. The Agreement is consistent Resolution to abandon the daily aver- mas trees here. with and builds upon the United Nations age formula they have been using and Under this bill, up to 418 million Convention on the Law of the Sea which en- allow the bulk of LIHEAP funds to be board feet of timber will be sold in 1996 tered into force last year. It complements and 1997—an allowable logging level the 1993 Agreement to Promote Compliance spent during the cold, winter months. With International Conservation and Man- Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President I rise in which is 44 percent higher than the agement Measures by Fishing Vessels on the opposition to this bill, which I feel rep- cutting average over the previous 10 High Seas, which itself is an integral compo- resents yet another attack on our Na- years. This plan is locked in, and no nent of the International Code of Conduct for tion’s resources and our environmental changes are permitted. Responsible Fisheries which was adopted last protection laws. The conference report also contains a month in Rome. Together, these instruments Our greatest legacy to our children legislative rider which allows the con- provide a strong basis to move forward in and our grandchildren is the world struction of a telescope on Mt. achieving sustainable use of living marine which we leave to them. Simply put, Graham, near Tucson, AZ, despite the resources in the world’s oceans and seas. Looking to the future, we see many excit- this bill shortchanges future genera- fact that this development will likely ing challenges before us. Our first task is to tions of Americans. harm an endangered species. bring this Agreement into force as soon as I want to commend my colleagues, Putting the merits of the proposal possible. We hope that all nations that sign particularly Senator GORTON and Sen- aside, an appropriations bill is not the the Agreement today will soon deposit their ator BYRD, who have made some right location for reforming the Endan- instruments of ratification. We urge those progress toward improving this bill. gered Species Act. nations which are not able to sign the Agree- First, and foremost, I want to ac- Lastly, this bill expands the number ment today to do so as soon as possible. Also knowledge that the outcry from the of recreational activities permitted in ahead are the challenges of implementing ef- taxpayers of this country has been the new Mojave preserve in California. fectively the provisions of the Agreement in various regional and subregional organiza- heard: After months of wrangling, this If you plan to go hiking in the Mojave tions and arrangements throughout the bill finally restores the moratorium on this summer, be forewarned, the Park world. The status of the world’s fish stocks the processing of mining claims, con- Service may be forced to open this wil- demands that implementation of the Agree- tained in last year’s bill. derness to motorized vehicles and air- ment begin immediately wherever straddling Without this freeze, gigantic, for- craft. and highly migratory fish stocks are har- eign-owned mining companies would be In sum, Mr. President, this bill falls vested. permitted to purchase Federal land, far short of adequately protecting our In closing, Mr. Chairman, the Fish Stocks loaded with gold, silver, and other pre- natural resources. Under this legisla- Agreement is a laudable accomplishment. The tasks before us are not only possible, cious metals, for as little as $2.50, due tion, our dependency on foreign oil but absolutely necessary. At stake are im- to an outdated 1872 law still in effect. grows, endangered species are threat- portant issues involving biological integrity Only $2.50 for an acre of land and all ened, our environmental laws are dis- of marine ecosystems and food security. The the gold underneath it is an outrageous regarded, and Americans are left poor- United States is confident that we will suc- ripoff for the taxpayers of this country. er. ceed. Let us hope that our imagination and Though the bill’s language will still President Clinton has announced his strength are as vast as the oceans we so permit the processing of hundreds of intention to veto this legislation, and I cherish. applications which are now pending, urge my colleagues to oppose it. f this freeze will prevent even more com- f panies from receiving this golden give- LIHEAP away. THE BAD DEBT BOXSCORE Mr. ABRAHAM. Mr. President, in I also support the funding contained Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, the im- some parts of Michigan over 5 feet of in this bill for the North American pression will not go away: The $4.98 snow have already fallen and the wind wetlands conservation fund. trillion Federal debt stands today as a chill has brought the temperature to 50 This valuable public-private partner- sort of grotesque parallel to tele- below zero. Understanding the impor- ship, has enabled Federal and State vision’s energizer bunny that appears tance of helping the poor and elderly wildlife officials, and conservationists and appears and appears in precisely pay their heating bills during these in my home State of Delaware, to de- the same way that the Federal debt cold months, I rise to support the Low- velop dozens of wetlands and wildlife keeps going up and up and up. Income Home Energy Assistance Pro- habitat protection plans. It is cost-ef- Politicians talk a good game—and gram [LIHEAP] and urge members of fective, matching funds are required, talk is the operative word—about re- the Appropriations Committee to con- and it deserves our support. ducing the Federal deficit and bringing tinue to support funding for this pro- Despite these few bright spots, much the Federal debt under control. But gram. in this bill troubles me. watch how they vote.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18591 Mr. President, as of the close of busi- these troops for a peacekeeping mis- the unequivocal support of Congress for ness, Wednesday, December 13, the sion. While I have serious reservations the work of our troops. It commends total Federal debt stood at exactly about it, it seems to me we ought to, as their professionalism, their bravery, $4,988,313,115,981.39 or $18,935.72 per the President commits these troops, by and their sacrifice. It expresses the man, woman, child on a per capita resolution, support the troops them- commitment of Congress to give them basis. Res ipsa loquitur. selves and create narrow restrictions the tools they will need to do their job. f under which the President can keep Second, it states that the United them there—that they are going only States will lead an international effort THE USE OF TROOPS IN BOSNIA in a peacekeeping role. to arm and train the Bosnian Moslems. Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, I rise to The President argues that other That is important. American troops explain why I reluctantly supported countries are sending more troops per will be able to leave if the Bosnian last night the resolution written by capita than we are to carry out this Moslems are able to defend themselves. Majority Leader DOLE and Senator mission. He points out that England is Third, the Dole resolution recognizes MCCAIN of Arizona, which authorized sending three times as many troops, that American troops are going to Bos- the use of American troops to imple- relative to their population, as we are. nia to enforce a peace agreement. They ment the Dayton Framework Agree- I understand why it was difficult for are not there to make the peace. The ment. the President to withhold a commit- leaders of Bosnia, Croatia, and Serbia I did so with some apprehension. I ment of American troops to keep a have decided that peace is their policy, have no illusions about how difficult peace that he helped negotiate and to and they have again attested to that this mission could be. Bosnia is a coun- keep a peace that will be monitored by decision by signing an agreement today try deeply divided by 4 years of warfare virtually all other countries that be- in Paris. If the parties themselves and centuries of turbulence. The ter- long to NATO. abandon peace, then our troops should rain is rough and the weather fierce. But that does not eliminate the deep depart. Much of the land is sown with mines. reservations I have about the risks of Fourth, the resolution supports a So why do I—with some apprehen- this mission, and about the dangers of truly multilateral operation. The Day- sion—support the DOLE resolution? I do changing the mission once our troops ton Agreement’s implementation force it because I believe implementing the are in place in Bosnia. will be composed of 60,000 troops from Dayton Agreement is the best option in It is true, I believe, that America is about 30 different countries, including a very bad situation. looked upon as a world leader that is non-NATO nations such as Russia, Po- Our decision would be easier if we not seeking to gain territory but is land, the Czech Republic, and Hungary. This is my thinking on Bosnia, Mr. could roll back the clock. If President helping to promote peace. It is also President, and these are the reasons Bush had used air power to punish Ser- true that with that leadership comes why I voted for the Dole resolution last bian aggression in 1991, we might not responsibilities. But our country has, night. I hope and pray that my vote be here today. If President Clinton had in so many ways, for so many years, will help our troops fulfill their mis- persuaded our allies, over the past 2 had to bear the brunt of that responsi- sion and will help speed them safely years, to lift the arms embargo against bility—to pay for the defense of West- home. Bosnia, we might now have the balance ern Europe and to provide inter- of power in Bosnia that the Dayton national leadership when others would f Agreement seeks to create. That is not. UNITED STATES DUTIES AND RE- why I voted to lift the arms embargo so I would have much preferred, in this SPONSIBILITIES CONCERNING that Bosnia could defend itself. circumstance, that the European Com- WAR CRIMINALS AND EVIDENCE But we cannot roll back the clock; 4 munity would have been willing to step OF WAR CRIMES IN THE UNITED years of war have passed, and the par- forward and broker a peace and keep STATES ZONE IN BOSNIA AND ties are now exhausted. Our allies op- the peace without having the United HERZEGOVINA posed lifting the embargo. So President States expose our ground troops to the Mr. D’AMATO. Mr. President, I rise Clinton began a diplomatic campaign kind of risks we will face in the Balkan today to discuss a matter that has not this past summer to broker a peace set- region. But the President has com- received much public attention during tlement. The President’s leadership mitted our country to helping to se- the course of our discussions of the and American-led NATO air strikes cure peace. And it seems to me we are United States role in the Balkans and produced the Dayton Agreement. Presi- in a position now where we must tell specifically in Bosnia. While adminis- dent Clinton deserves congratulations the President these are the conditions tration officials have discussed how we for this historic achievement. under which you can meet that com- would respond if we encountered in- Last night the Senate had to decide mitment, which is what the Dole reso- dicted war criminals in Bosnia, they whether to authorize the use of troops lution attempts to do. have been silent on the equally impor- to implement that agreement. Many I am not, by supporting the Dole res- tant question of collecting and pro- North Dakotans have shared their con- olution, saying that I believe the Presi- tecting evidence of violations of inter- cerns about this mission with me. So I dent made the right commitment for national humanitarian law. want to take a moment to explain my our country. But rather, I am express- This is a very basic point. You can vote to them by describing the decision ing support for the troops, acknowl- indict and arrest suspects, but for con- that the Senate faced and the Dole res- edging that the commitment was made victions, you need solid, admissible olution. and saying that our country must now evidence. The International Criminal Let me put my vote in the context of proceed to keep its word. tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia has what is happening in Bosnia. Since the Because I have real concerns about been doing excellent work, considering war began, 250,000 people have lost this mission I want the President and the resource limitations it operates their lives. Two million people have be- my colleagues to know that if a change under and its lack of direct access to come homeless. Innocent civilians have of mission occurs in Bosnia, if the many crime scenes. It now lies within been slaughtered, and no one has been peace does not hold, and there is a deci- the power of the United States to ad- spared—not the young, not the infirm, sion our soldiers should become peace- vance the tribunal’s work and the not the elderly. Ethnic cleansing has makers instead of peacekeepers then I cause of justice in the former Yugo- raged across the land of Bosnia. Atroc- will be among the first in Congress to slavia. ities have been committed, by both call for the immediate withdrawal of The United States has supported the sides. And we have reliable reports of the American troops and to vote for a Tribunal’s efforts to acquire more re- horrors that we thought we had ban- cut-off of funding, if necessary, to ac- sources. Now, the United States and ished from Europe 50 years ago, such as complish that withdrawal. our NATO allies in the implementation concentration camps and mass graves. Finally, Mr. President, let me high- force will have direct access to the I agree with Senator DOLE’s light a few aspects of the Dole resolu- scenes of the alleged crimes. The ques- assesment that the President has the tion that I think are important to my tion we face is what do we do with this constitutional authority to commit vote. First, the resolution expresses access?

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18592 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 I strongly believe that we have a and the protection of refugees and dis- principal tasks and available resources, moral obligation to seek out, collect, placed persons are of vital importance and on request, which include the fol- protect, and provide to the tribunal in achieving a lasting peace, the Par- lowing: * * * (b) to assist the move- such evidence of violations of inter- ties agree to and shall comply fully ment of organizations in the accom- national humanitarian law as we are with the provisions concerning human plishment of humanitarian missions; able to discover within the United rights set forth in Chapter One of the (c) to assist the UNHCR and other States zone in Bosnia. Let me be spe- Agreement at Annex 6, as well as the international organizations in their cific. provisions concerning refugees and dis- humanitarian missions; (d) to observe Last Wednesday, December 6, 1995, placed persons set forth in Chapter One and prevent interference with the the Commission on Security and Co- of the Agreement at Annex 7.’’ movement of civilian populations, refu- operation in Europe, better known as Article VII thus commits all of the gees, and displaced persons, and to re- the Helsinki Commission, of which I parties, including the Bosnian Serbs, to spond appropriately to deliberate vio- am cochairman, held a hearing entitled comply fully with the following provi- lence to life and person * * *’’ ‘‘Mass Graves and Other Atrocities in sion, among others: Paragraph 5 provides as follows: ‘‘The Bosnia.’’ The witnesses at this hearing In particular, annex 6, article XIII, Parties understand and agree that the were Mr. Ivan Lupis, of Human Rights paragraph 4 of the Dayton agreement IFOR Commander shall have the au- Watch, Mr. David Rohde of the Chris- provides as follows: ‘‘All competent au- thority, without interference or per- tian Science Monitor, and Dr. Barbara thorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina mission of any Party, to do all that the C. Wolf, M.D., a forensic pathologist shall cooperate with and provide unre- Commander judges necessary and prop- who participated in an AmeriCares ex- stricted access to the organizations es- er, including the use of military force, humation project in Bosnia. tablished in this Agreement; any inter- to protect the IFOR and to carry out Mr. Rohde and Mr. Lupis both testi- national human rights monitoring the responsibilities listed above in fied to events leading up to and fol- mechanisms established for Bosnia and paragraphs 2, 3 and 4, and they shall lowing the fall of the United Nations- Herzegovina; the supervisory bodies es- comply in all respects with the IFOR declared safe area of Srbrenica on July tablished by any of the international requirements.’’ 11, 1995. According to their testimony, agreements listed in the Appendix to This is a key provision, when read perhaps as many as 8,000 Bosnian mos- this Annex; the International Tribunal with paragraph 3. In essence, it means lems were massacred by Bosnian Serbs for the Former Yugoslavia; and any that the United States does not have to following the storming of Srebrenica. other organization authorized by the ask the Bosnian Serbs for permission Their remains were buried in an area U.N. Security Council with a mandate to assist the movement of tribunal in- between Srebrenica and Tuzla, the concerning human rights or humani- vestigators or to help them with exhu- headquarters of the United States tarian law.’’ mations or other heavy work. In addi- forces that will be assigned to the im- In other words, the Dayton agree- tion, it means that any resistance can plementation force [IFOR]. ment singles out the International Tri- be met with military force. Possible mass grave sites identified bunal for the Former Yugoslavia as one Paragraph 9 provides as follows: ‘‘Air following the fall of Srebrenica are at of the organizations with which all and surface movements in Bosnia and or near the following locations: Zabrde, competent authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina shall be governed by the Kravica, Burnice, Nova Kasaba, Kuslat, Herzegovina must cooperate. This following provisions: (a) The IFOR Sahanici, Rasica Gai, and Karakaj. means that the Bosnian Serbs may not shall have complete and unimpeded These sites all lie within the U.S. zone. prevent investigators from reaching freedom of movement by ground, air, Mr. Rohde personally visited four sites, these mass grave sites or exhuming the and water throughout Bosnia and at Nova Kasaba and Sahanici, and con- remains or doing any of the other tasks Herzegovina. It shall have the right to firmed that they were in fact mass necessary to a full and complete inves- bivouac, maneuver, billet, and utilize graves. tigation of the crimes committed any areas or facilities to carry out its It is vitally important that the there. responsibilities as required for its sup- United States act to secure these sites Annex 1–A, ‘‘Agreement on the Mili- port, training, and operations, with and facilitate access to them by inter- tary Aspects of the Peace Settlement,’’ such advance notice as may be prac- national investigators. Under the Day- article II, ‘‘Cessation of Hostilities,’’ ticable. The IFOR and its personnel ton Peace Agreement, the United paragraph 4 further provides as follows: shall not be liable for any damages to States has the right to do this. I ‘‘The Parties shall cooperate fully with civilian or government property caused strongly believe that we must exercise any international personnel including by combat or combat related activi- that right, and promptly, before evi- investigators, advisors, monitors, ob- ties. Roadblocks, checkpoints or other dence that is potentially vital to the servers, or other personnel in Bosnia impediments to IFOR freedom of move- prosecution of the killers can be de- and Herzegovina pursuant to the Gen- ment shall constitute a breach of this stroyed. eral Framework Agreement, including Annex and the violating Party shall be At last Wednesday’s hearing, Mr. facilitating free and unimpeded access subject to military action by the IFOR, Rohde testified as follows in that re- and movement and by providing such including the use of necessary force to gard, according to an uncorrected tran- status as is necessary for the effective ensure compliance with this Annex.’’ script of the hearing: ‘‘The U.S. intel- conduct of their tasks.’’ This is another key provision. It puts ligence said this last month: They have This provision is even more specific. teeth into the requirement of annex 1– aerial photos of backhoes being in the It requires that the parties facilitate A, article II, paragraph 4, quoted in full area digging it up, taking out some ‘‘free and unimpeded access and move- above, that ‘‘[t]he Parties shall cooper- kind of material which could be bodies. ment.’’ This means that road blocks, ate fully with any international per- And there’s a possibility the Bosnian security zones, military areas, or any sonnel including investigators * * * in- Serbs are pouring acid onto the bodies of the other excuses, ruses, or tricks cluding facilitating free and unimpeded and destroying evidence.’’ that were formerly the Serb’s stock in access and movement. * * *’’ It permits Now, I want to review specifically trade to prevent international observa- the use of military force to overcome what the Dayton Peace Agreement tion or investigation of their actions roadblocks, checkpoints, or other im- says and how its provisions apply in are no longer permitted. pediments to IFOR freedom of move- this situation, so that there can be no Now, let us look more closely at the ment, even when escorting, for exam- misunderstanding of the duties of the rules covering United States forces as ple, tribunal investigators. parties to the agreement. These provi- part of IFOR in Bosnia. Annex 1–A, ar- I have just described the legal foun- sions now take effect because the ticle VI, ‘‘Deployment of the Imple- dation for United States action in sup- agreement was signed in Paris earlier mentation Force,’’ paragraph 3 pro- port of investigations of violations of today. vides as follows: ‘‘The Parties under- international humanitarian law in Bos- The Dayton agreement provides as stand and agree that the IFOR shall nia and Herzegovina. That legal foun- follows in article VII: ‘‘Recognizing have the right to fulfill its supporting dation comes into force now that the that the observance of human rights tasks, within the limits of its assigned Dayton Peace Agreement has been

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18593 signed in Paris earlier today. Now, the appropriately to violence against civilians. between NATO and the International Tri- issue for the United States is what we IFOR has the authority to arrest any indicted bunal? Between the U.S. and the Tribunal? Is are actually going to do, given that we war criminals it encounters or who interfere there a designated position/person in IFOR now appear to have, and I would argue with its mission, but it will not try to track them who is specifically tasked with the responsi- down.’’ [Italic added.] bility of liaising with the Tribunal and ar- that we clearly do have, the legal right A review of the text of the Dayton Peace ranging for transfer of custody of suspects to support, assist, and facilitate these Agreement, its annexes and appendices, and and/or evidence? investigations. accompanying side letters, failed to locate What arrangements has the Department Mr. President, the distinguished anywhere in these texts a provision or provi- made with the Department of State con- chairman of the Commission on Secu- sions conferring upon IFOR ‘‘the authority cerning reporting war crimes- and crimes rity and Cooperation in Europe, Rep- to arrest any indicted war criminals it en- against humanity-related information to the counters,’’ or, for that matter, to arrest any- International Tribunal? If there is not a for- resentative CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH of one at all. Moreover, paragraph 3 of Appen- mal arrangement between NATO or IFOR New Jersey, and I, sent a joint letter to dix B to Annex 1–A provides that ‘‘[a]ll per- and the Tribunal, is there an agreement with Secretary of Defense William J. Perry sonnel enjoying privileges and immunities State that State will receive and forward last Friday, asking just that question. under this Agreement shall respect the laws such information to the Tribunal? In fact, it is a long letter and it asks of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina If the International Tribunal asks U.S. detailed questions about the entire insofar as it is compatible with the entrusted forces to secure a specific area within the United States approach to the issue of tasks/mandate and shall refrain from activi- U.S. zone until an investigative team can ar- violations of international humani- ties not compatible with the nature of the rive, will U.S. forces do so? Under the Status tarian law in Bosnia and the United Operation.’’ This provision could be wrong- of Forces Agreement, could U.S. forces se- fully construed to prohibit U.S. forces from cure, for example, an office building holding States response to those violations. arresting indicted war criminals. records from a prison camp? While it is much too soon to expect a What direction has the United States given What is your understanding of the moral response, I urge the Secretary to put its forces concerning encounters with in- responsibility of the United States to take his staff to work on the questions con- dicted war criminals within the territory of action against suspected war criminals or tained in the letter so that we can have the former Yugoslavia? What is the legal persons who allegedly committed crimes answers before we make serious mis- basis for such direction? Will U.S. forces be against humanity in the former Yugoslavia? takes. issued pocket cards containing this direc- By ‘‘action,’’ we are referring to a range of tion, and a specific reporting channel should initiatives from their arrest, through collec- Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- they make an arrest? Will they be provided tion and preservation of evidence of the sent that our joint letter to Secretary with wanted posters or other detailed identi- crimes and cooperation with international Perry be printed in the RECORD. fying information on all persons indicted for investigations of the crimes. Have you taken I plan to speak again on this topic as violations of international humanitarian law any action to instruct and educate U.S. more information is received and the during the conflict in the former Yugoslavia? forces concerning this responsibility, so that situation develops. If U.S. forces do encounter and arrest an they may be properly sensitized to it? (Reg- There being no objection, the letter indicted war criminal, will the United States ular instruction in the Law of Land Warfare was ordered to be printed in the remove the suspect from the territory of the is clearly insufficient in such an extreme former Yugoslavia and deliver the suspect to RECORD, as follows: case as the alleged violations of inter- the International Criminal Tribunal for national humanitarian law that have report- DECEMBER 8, 1995 trial? Will the United States seek permission edly occurred in the former Yugoslavia.) Hon. WILLIAM J. PERRY, from any entity within the territory of the Will U.S. civil affairs and/or psychological Secretary of Defense, Department of Defense, former Yugoslavia to remove the suspect, or operations units be tasked to inform the the Pentagon, Washington, DC. is the United States prepared to act unilater- public in the U.S. zone that the U.S. is ac- DEAR MR. SECRETARY: We write today to ally? tively seeking information concerning war pose some important questions with regard What direction will be given to U.S. forces crimes and crimes against humanity, and to the U.S. forces assigned to the NATO Im- to be deployed to the former Yugoslavia con- provide to the public points of contact in plementation Force in Bosnia. What are the cerning the collection of evidence of crimes IFOR or the U.S. contingent of IFOR for United States’ legal obligations concerning against humanity or war crimes? Will U.S. them to call or visit to provide such informa- the International Criminal Tribunal for the forces make an active effort to collect testi- tion? Former Yugoslavia, what are the United mony and physical evidence, and protect When refugees or displaced persons pass States’ moral obligations to support the Tri- from destruction physical evidence, includ- through the U.S. zone and have contact with bunal’s work, and what instructions have ing mass grave sites, concentration camps, U.S. forces, will our forces be instructed to you given U.S. forces concerning those legal detention facilities, and records relating to ask if they have any information on war and moral obligations? such crimes? We note that the mass grave crimes or crimes against humanity? Will Security Council Resolution 827 (25 May sites from the Srebrenica massacres appear, U.S. forces be issued pocket cards with such 1993) established the International Criminal according to published maps, to lie within questions, and a reporting channel for for- Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia. Para- the U.S. zone. Please describe your plans for warding the information? graph 4 of that Resolution provided that this effort and specify how the plan will be What arrangements have been made to pro- ‘‘. . . all States shall cooperate fully with implemented. vide speakers of the Bosnian languages who the International Tribunal and its organs in Have U.S. forces been trained to safeguard will serve as translators for U.S. forces de- accordance with the present resolution and those aspects of war crimes-relevant mate- ployed as part of IFOR? How many trans- the Statute of the International Tribunal rials that must be protected so these mate- lators do you expect you will need? How will and that consequently all States shall take rials may be legally admissible before the you obtain them? In making these arrange- any measures necessary under their domes- International Tribunal? Are U.S. staff judge ments, has war crimes reporting been a con- tic law to implement the provisions of the advocate, military police, criminal inves- sideration in interpreter selection? Is there a present resolution and the Statute, including tigation division, counterintelligence, civil plan to train interpreters in U.S. military the obligation of States to comply with re- affairs, and other personnel who are likely to terminology? If interpreters will undergo quests for assistance or orders issued by a come into contact with residents, familiar any training, will war crimes reporting be Trial Chamber under Article 29 of the Stat- with the Tribunal’s rules of evidence, and included in that training? ute.’’ how they differ from U.S. rules and the Uni- While we understand that it may take the Under this United Nations Security Coun- form Code of Military Justice? Please ex- Department some time to answer these ques- cil resolution, the Statute establishing the plain how the rules differ and what specific tions, and many of the people who would Tribunal, and other applicable international steps you have taken to ensure that U.S. know the answers to these questions are es- law, what is the legal obligation of the troops identify and properly collect, and do sential to the actual deployment of IFOR to United States Government should indicted not destroy, contaminate, or otherwise the former Yugoslavia, we believe that these war criminals come within our potential render legally unusable, evidence of war questions are sufficiently important to war- control in the former Yugoslavia? Are we le- crimes or crimes against humanity that they rant consideration before U.S. forces are gally obligated to arrest them and deliver may encounter on the territory of the former present on the ground in full strength. It them up to the Tribunal for trial? Yugoslavia. would be a very grave matter if U.S. forces A summary of the Dayton Peace Agree- What specific arrangements have been were inadvertently to allow a war criminal ment provided by the State Department con- made for reporting war crimes- and crimes- to escape, or were to destroy vital criminal tained a paragraph that states that ‘‘[t]he against-humanity-related information up evidence during the deployment process. Ac- agreement gives IFOR, the peace implemen- the U.S. and NATO chains of command in cordingly, we ask that these questions re- tation force, the authority and discretion to Bosnia? How will this information be passed ceive prompt and careful consideration by use military force to prevent interference to the International Tribunal? Is there a the responsible officials, and we look forward with the free movement of civilians, refu- memorandum of understanding, an exchange to receiving your response in writing in a gees, and displaced persons, and to respond of letters, or any other formal arrangement timely manner.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18594 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 Sincerely, the most important and persuasive wit- Committee accepted—an amendment CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, ness from which we heard. Tom ob- to clarify its provisions. Most impor- Chairman. served that current legal options tantly, my amendment clarified that ALFONSE D’AMATO, against counterfeiters were ‘‘so time those subject to civil penalties for par- Cochairman. consuming and so costly that we began ticipating in the importation of coun- f to wonder why we went to the trouble terfeit goods should include those who THE ANTICOUNTERFEITING CON- of getting the patent at all.’’ He also ‘‘aid and abet’’ rather than those ‘‘in SUMER PROTECTION ACT OF 1995 hit the nail on the head when he spoke any way concerned in’’ the activity. about the unfairness of allowing those Even as we make our laws more ef- Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I was who make no investment in develop- fective in combating counterfeiting pleased to be an original sponsor of S. ment and quality control to rip off crimes here, we cannot overlook the 1136, the Anticounterfeiting Consumer companies that do. He made perhaps international nature of the problem. Protection Act of 1995, to provide addi- the most critical point when he testi- Copycat goods with the labels of legiti- tional tools to combat trademark and fied that from a business perspective mate, American companies are manu- goods counterfeiting crimes that cost copies undercut the reputation and factured, distributed, and sold in for- our Nation billions of dollars per year. lead to the loss of public confidence in eign cities around the globe. We should The Judiciary Committee received products of the company that is being insist that our trading partners take estimates that international counter- copied. action against all kinds of intellectual feiting amounts to more than $200 bil- Burton Snowboards is the world lead- property violations: Whether counter- lion a year. Bank robberies in this er in making snowboard equipment, feiting or copyright piracy, it amounts country involve less than $50 million a boots and related products. This pri- to theft and fraud on the consuming year. Just as we do not tolerate theft vate company was begun by Jake Bur- public. We cannot tolerate our trading of peoples’ funds from our banks, we ton Carpenter, who is generally cred- partners and international allies acting can no longer tolerate the theft of in- ited with having developed the sport. as safe havens for pirates. We must This is a classic American story in tellectual property rights or reputation take all responsible action we can to which Jake-and-a-bandsaw-in-a-garage through unlawful copying, counter- protect against piracy and counter- has led to a company that invests feiting and infringement. feiting. Even States like Vermont, with one heavily in research and development to Our Nation’s economic health in the of the lowest violent crime rates in the make the finest products of its kind in next century rests in large part with Nation, is home to businesses losing the world. Burton Snowboards’ invest- our innovative high-technology and in- money to counterfeiters. Vermont ment should be protected and its cus- tellectual property companies. It is not Maple syrup producers comply with tomers’ confidence rewarded. protectionism to demand that others Our bill takes important steps to ad- stringent standards so that syrup around the world recognize basic stand- dress the problem of counterfeiting in lovers around the world are not dis- ards on trademark, patent, and copy- appointed. They have to be constantly several ways. It seeks to expand our ex- isting racketeering law to cover crimes right law and enforce prohibitions vigilant against counterfeiters who use against counterfeiting and infringe- the Vermont label to get a free ride on involving counterfeiting and copyright infringement and to give our law en- ment. If our intellectual-property- the reputation for excellence that based industries are to continue to lead syrup from my State enjoys. forcement officers additional, needed authority to seize counterfeit merchan- the world, their creativity must be re- Another example, concerns our IBM warded and their property rights and facility in Essex Junction, which dise and impose fines on counterfeiters. It authorizes statutory damages of up investments must be protected. makes 16- and 64-megabyte memory In addition to this legislation, we to $1 million in private suits against chips, known as Dynamic Random Ac- need to enlist the public in this fight cess Memory Chips or DRAM. These infringers. I also want to emphasize one of the and to educate the public about the memory chips are also the subject of considerations that bring me to this downside of trademark counterfeiting counterfeiting activities. In addition, fight—the health and safety risks and patent and copyright infringement. IBM has estimated annual losses to posed by counterfeit products. Con- We need to be sure that our inter- bootleg computer software at $1 bil- sumers are being defrauded and being national negotiators and our trading lion. placed in jeopardy by products that do partners share our resolve against The Software Publishers Association not meet the safety standards that are these crimes. and Business Software Alliance esti- required of legitimate businesses. We I thank Jake Burton Carpenter, Tom mate that software counterfeiting may must do everything that we can to con- McGann, and all those at Burton account for as much as $6.5 billion a front these dangers as well as the eco- Snowboard for working with us on this year, which is over 40 percent of all nomic damage of illegal counterfeiting. measure. I also want to note the strong software industry revenues. This is un- Everything from snowboard boots to support of the Business Software Alli- acceptable for any business if it is to software to airplane parts to baby for- ance and the Software Publishers Asso- survive. mula to medicine and medical supplies ciation, the Interactive Digital Soft- At our Judiciary Committee hearing have been the subject of counterfeiting. ware Association, the Recording Indus- on October 10, we heard from Tom In addition to the economic harm, the try Association of America, the Inter- McGann, executive vice president of health and safety risks from some national Trademark Association, the Burton Snowboards of Burlington, VT. counterfeit products provide additional American Amusement Machine Asso- This company is the world leader in justification for our doing everything ciation, and the Imaging Supplies Coa- making snowboard equipment, but that we can to confront the dangers as lition. loses an estimated $1 million annually well as the damage of illegal counter- I appreciate hearing from Steven to copycat boots made in Korea. feiting. Olechny of The Timberland Co. from Companies that work hard and de- Most troubling at our hearing was our neighboring State of New Hamp- vote resources to developing good prod- the testimony that increasingly, the shire and thank Timberland for its sup- ucts, ensure design and safety stand- revenue lost to legitimate U.S. compa- port for this legislation. I note the sup- ards, and develop a well-deserved rep- nies is going into the pockets of inter- port a wide range of companies making utation for quality should have their national crime syndicates and orga- everything from the Barney dinosaur trademarks and good names protected. nized criminals, who manufacture, im- and Mighty Morphin Power Rangers to Moreover, consumers need to be sure port, and distribute counterfeit goods Polo, No Fear, Nautica, and Hilfinger that what they are buying is what it to fund their other criminal enter- clothing to Oakley sunglasses and appears to be. Burton Snowboards’ tes- prises. It is time to use our RICO weap- thank Hunting World, Hoechst Cel- timony brings home the reality and the ons against racketeers who are engaged anese, Procter & Gamble, Nintendo, damage of counterfeit goods. in criminal infringing activities. Kodak, Polo Ralph Lauren, Nautica Tom McGann made several impor- As we marked up the bill at the Judi- Apparel, Oakley, No Fear, Tommy tant points and was by my estimation ciary Committee, I offered—and the Hilfinger Licensing, Chanel, Lyons

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18595 Group, Warner Bros., the Walt Disney agencies appropriations bill. This con- and the difficult choices that had to be Co., Saban Entertainment, Rolex, the ference report and accompanying made. The conferees had to fund pro- Coalition to Advance the Protection of statement of the managers appeared in grams within an allocation that was 10 Sports Logos, and the Cosmetic, Toi- the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD on Decem- percent less than was available for the letry, and Fragrance Association for ber 12, 1995, on pages H14288 through bill in fiscal year 1995. For every pro- their comments on the legislation and H14310. This is the third conference gram that was reduced less than 10 per- their support. Finally, I want to thank agreement. The first conference report cent, other programs had to be reduced John Bliss and the members of the was recommitted by the House on Sep- by more than 10 percent. International Anti-Counterfeiting Coa- tember 28 due primarily to objections Mr. President, I would like to high- lition for their effective work against to the conference adoption of the Sen- light some of the items in the con- international counterfeiting and their ate provisions on mining, which lifted ference agreement: support for this legislation. the existing moratorium on issuing INDIAN PROGRAMS Mr. President, I suggest the absence new patents. The second conference re- Programs for native Americans and of a quorum. port was recommitted again by the Alaska Natives are funded at The PRESIDING OFFICER. The House on November 15 due to objec- $3,652,895,000 within the bill. Within the clerk will call the roll. tions to mining and Tongass National funding constraints, high priority was The legislative clerk proceeded to Forest concerns. placed on the health needs of native call the roll. The agreements before the Senate Americans funded through the Indian Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, I ask today total $12.235 billion in discre- Health Service and on Bureau of Indian unanimous consent that the order for tionary budget authority. The outlay Affairs funded elementary and sec- the quorum call be rescinded. scoring totals $13.210 billion. The budg- ondary education programs. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without et authority and outlay figures are pre- The conferees restored $111.5 million objection, it is so ordered. cisely at the 602(b) allocation levels. above the Senate level to the Bureau of The recommendations of this con- f Indian Affairs, resulting in an overall ference agreement represent a total de- reduction for BIA of $159.6 million, or 9 CONCLUSION OF MORNING crease below the President’s budget re- percent, below the fiscal year 1995 level BUSINESS quest of $1.7 billion in budget authority for BIA activities. Funds were restored The PRESIDING OFFICER. Morning and of $949 million in outlays. primarily to tribal priority allocations, business is closed. The conference report represents dif- which fund tribal government services. ficult choices and real cuts in spend- f Additionally, $25 million has been ing—without scorekeeping adjust- added to the previous conference agree- DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ments—of $1.4 billion below the fiscal ment for the Indian Health Service AND RELATED AGENCIES APPRO- year 1995 level or a reduction of 10 per- [IHS]. This brings the IHS 1 percent PRIATIONS ACT, 1996—CON- cent. Interior bill agencies do not share above the fiscal year 1995 enacted level. equally in the 10-percent reduction. FERENCE REPORT LAND MANAGEMENT For instance, the land management The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under Although the land management agen- agencies are reduced by 14 percent; cul- the previous order, the Senate will now cies have been decreased overall by 14 tural activities are reduced by 15 per- proceed to the consideration of the percent from the current level, the con- cent; the Indian programs are reduced conference report accompanying H.R. ferees have attempted to protect the by 4 percent; and the Department of 1977, which the clerk will report. operational base of the land manage- Energy agencies are reduced by 10 per- The legislative clerk read as follows: ment agencies as much as possible: cent. National Park Service: 0 percent. The committee of conference on the dis- The Interior appropriations bill is a Fish and Wildlife Service: ¥3 per- agreeing votes of the two Houses on the complex bill, providing funding for 40 amendments of the Senate to the bill (H.R. cent. agencies with very diverse programs. 1977) making appropriations for the Depart- Bureau of Land Management: ¥5 per- This conference agreement reflects a ment of the Interior and related agencies for cent. meshing of the budget resolution con- the fiscal year ending September 30, 1996, and Forest Service: ¥5 percent. for other purposes, having met, after full and siderations, the administration’s fiscal To assist with the growing recreation free conference, have agreed to recommend year 1996 priorities, the priorities of and do recommend to their respective Houses demands on the agencies in this bill, a the Senate and House, and the con- pilot recreation fee proposal is in- this report, signed by a majority of the con- cerns of individual Members. For ex- ferees. cluded. ample, the Congress and the adminis- The construction accounts for the The Senate proceeded to consider the tration place a high priority on the Na- conference report. land management agencies have de- tional Park Service and the Indian pro- ¥ (The conference report is printed in creased $85 million in total— 20 per- grams. Therefore, the National Park cent. The majority of the construction the House proceedings of the RECORD of Service and the Indian programs are projects involve the completion of on- December 12, 1995.) reduced significantly less than other The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- going projects and the restoration or programs and agencies within the bill. rehabilitation of existing facilities. ator from Washington. Our conference addressed a consider- Overall funding for land acquisition Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, would able number of differences. There were for the land management agencies to- you state the conditions under which approximately 900 items in disagree- tals $140 million which is 40 percent this conference report is being debated? ment between the House and Senate In- below the fiscal year 1995 appropria- The PRESIDING OFFICER. When the terior appropriations bills. As in the tions level. There are no earmarks for Senate considers the conference report past, this bill has received abundant specific projects. However, the admin- to accompany H.R. 1977, the Interior attention and sparked debate within istration must obtain congressional ap- appropriations bill, time will be lim- the Congress and the administration. proval for any projects to be funded. ited to 6 hours, 3 of which shall be This conference report represents an under the control of the Senator from earnest effort to address many of the NATIONAL BIOLOGICAL SERVICE Washington, or his designee, of which administration’s objections to this The Interior’s biological research is 20 minutes shall be under the control of year’s Interior actions. placed under the Director of the U.S. the Senator from West Virginia; and 3 There may be programs which Sen- Geological Survey. Funding of $137 mil- hours under the control of Senators ators would like to see funded at high- lion is provided for the research activi- BUMPERS and BRADLEY, or their des- er levels. On many, I agree. Certainly, ties, which is a reduction of $35.7 mil- ignees. the administration has indicated that lion below the current level. Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, the it views funding for some programs as MINING AGENCIES Senate is no considering the conference inadequate. However, I would remind The conference report includes a report on H.R. 1977, the fiscal year 1996 these Senators and the administration compromise between the Senate and Department of the Interior and related of the funding constraints for this bill House provisions on mining patents.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18596 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 The conference agreement continues In the statement of the managers ac- originally passed the Senate. Primarily the existing moratorium on the companying the conference report, the that extra money goes to various In- issuance of mining patents as con- managers referred to the ‘‘existing hos- dian activities which were the most tained in the fiscal year 1995 Interior pital authority’’ in American Samoa. controversial elements of the bill as it appropriations bill. The conference This reference is to the institutional was debated in the Senate originally agreement also contains provisions entity, and does not preclude changes and again goes at least part way to that the Secretary of the Interior must to the composition or the structuring meeting objections on the part of the process within 5 years 90 percent of the of the authority, particularly if the administration. patents grandfathered in the current changes strengthen the management of Second, the mining patent provi- moratorium and provides authority for health care in American Samoa. sions, while I suspect not satisfactory third-party mineral examiners paid for The managers for both the House and to all Members, are closer to the by patent applicants. the Senate agree that funds provided in present law and to the moratorium The mining and minerals related this bill for cooperative conservation that was passed by the House of Rep- agencies are collectively funded at 9 agreements may be used for the 4(d) resentatives than was the original Sen- percent below the fiscal year 1995 level. rule to ease endangered species land ate provision which was adopted by a The Bureau of Mines is eliminated and use restrictions on landowners, wheth- very closely divided vote. the essential functions of the Bureau of er large or small. In addition, the language relating to Mines are moved to the Department of Mr. President, before I yield the the Tongass National Forest is miti- Energy, the U.S. Geological Survey, floor, I wish to thank Senator BYRD, gated to a certain extent to meet ob- and the Bureau of Land Management. the ranking member of our Interior jections on the part of the administra- Last year’s ban on Outer Continental Subcommittee and the ranking mem- tion. These two items, not at all inci- Shelf [OCS] offshore oil and gas leasing ber of our full Appropriations Com- dentally, Mr. President, were the two continues. mittee. In addition, I would like to items that created the greatest degree DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY thank all of the Members on both sides of opposition in the House of Rep- The Energy Conservation Program is of the aisle, who have provided their resentatives and caused two referrals funded at $553 million. The low-income assistance in forming this bill. Also, I back to the conference committee after weatherization program is funded at wish to express my appreciation to the original conference committee re- $114 million. Fossil energy research and develop- Chairman REGULA and his staff and to port was adopted. ment is funded at $377 million, a de- Mr. YATES and his staff. In several additional areas in which I want to recognize and to voice my crease of 14 percent below the fiscal there is substantive legislative lan- appreciation to the Interior Sub- year 1995 level, not including the Bu- guage in this bill, it has been modified committee staff as well. On my staff reau of Mines. at least modestly and in part to meet are Cherie Cooper, Kathleen Wheeler, the objections of the administration. CULTURAL AGENCIES Bruce Evans, and Ginny James. I also I want personally to urge the admin- We have made a concerted effort to wish to thank Sue Masica, who is Sen- address the critical repair and renova- istration seriously to consider approv- ator BYRD’S Interior Subcommittee as- tion needs of the cultural organiza- ing this bill. It will provide consider- sistant. tions, such as the National Gallery of ably better and more assured support Mr. President, on a less formal basis, Art, the Smithsonian Institution and for the wide range of activities covered I would like to call the attention of my the Kennedy Center, in order to fulfill by this Interior Department appropria- colleagues to the differences between our primary responsibility of pro- tions bill than will any continuing res- this bill and the bill that originally tecting their collections and struc- olution carried over an extended period passed the Senate. I remind my col- tures. Reductions to operating ac- of time. leagues that final passage of this bill in counts, while unavoidable, have been As we speak here on the last day of the Senate was by a vote of 92 to 6. kept relatively small in recognition of the current continuing resolution, That overwhelming and bipartisan the wide array of public services which these agencies are operating on the vote, I am convinced, was due to the in large part define the mission of lower figure contained in either the these agencies. magnificent cooperation I had from my House or Senate bill. In almost every The National Endowment for the distinguished colleague from West Vir- case, as a consequence, the bill that we Arts is provided $99.5 million and the ginia, Senator BYRD, and other mem- have before us funds those agencies National Endowment for the Human- bers of the subcommittee. We at- more generously and with a greater de- ities is provided $110 million. The Sen- tempted to follow the tradition of gree of certainty. ate and House managers differ with re- many years and deal with this bill, in- So I ask my colleagues to approve a spect to the continuation or termi- cluding all of its controversial ele- bill that is literally easier for most of nation of the Endowments. The man- ments, with the least possible partisan- them to approve than was the one they agers on the part of the Senate support ship, and I believe that we succeeded. voted in favor of by a vote of 92 to 6, continued funding for the Endowments This contrasts rather considerably and I suggest strongly to the adminis- and believe the controversial issues with the way in which this bill was tration that in the present context it is surrounding these two agencies are treated in the House of Representa- unlikely to get a bill more favorable to ones which should be addressed by the tives. But I do wish to say, to empha- its concerns. If, as, and when there is a legislative committees of jurisdiction size to all Members of both parties, to final budget agreement, there may be in the House and Senate. the extent that there are differences in some additional changes, but, of In short, we have done the best we this bill from the bill which originally course, they could be taken care of as can with severely limited resources, passed the Senate, those differences are a part of that budget agreement itself. concentrating our efforts on those slightly to increase some accounts and In any event, Mr. President, I strong- agencies that rely on the Congress for to attempt in part to meet objections ly suggest to my colleagues support for the bulk, if not all, of their support and on the part of the administration. and passage of this bill this afternoon. on those agencies that are of high pri- It is very clear to me, as I speak to With that, I yield the floor. I suggest ority to the administration and the my colleagues at this point, that we the absence of a quorum, and I ask that Congress. have not sufficiently satisfied the ad- it be charged equally against both I have a couple of clarifying items re- ministration to have a guarantee that sides. lating to the Interior conference report this bill will be signed. Nevertheless, as The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without that have been cleared with Senator compared to the original bill, which objection, it is so ordered. The clerk BYRD, the ranking member of the Inte- passed by a vote of 92 to 6 in this body, will call the roll. rior Subcommittee; Mr. REGULA, chair- we have made a number of substantive The legislative clerk called proceeded man of the House Interior Sub- gestures in the direction of the objec- to call the roll. committee; and Mr. YATES, ranking tions of the administration. For exam- Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, I member of the House Interior Sub- ple, this bill includes budget authority ask unanimous consent that the order committee. of $111 million more than the bill which for the quorum call be rescinded.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18597 The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Californians today support keeping the fornia and California needs protective COATS). Without objection, it is so or- Mojave a national park. In every re- law.’’ dered. gion of the State, in this new statewide San Diego Union, again: ‘‘Desert Mis- Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, I poll, people overwhelmingly supported chief; Veto the Interior Appropriations ask unanimous consent to be des- keeping the Mojave as a national park. Bill.’’ ignated to control time on this side. Only 9 percent of the people of the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without State of California in this Field Insti- San Francisco Chronicle, again: objection, it is so ordered. tute poll oppose the park. ‘‘Veto the Environmental Wrecking Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, I I want to emphasize that the local Legislation.’’ yield such time as I may consume to communities and businesses—this is a If it counts for anything at all, these myself. very sparsely populated area—and the are the views of the people of Cali- Mr. President, I rise in opposition to Barstow, Baker, and Newberry Springs fornia. Eighty-four percent of the peo- the conference report on the fiscal year Chamber of Commerce have welcomed 1996 Interior appropriations bill. ple support the Mojave National Pre- the Park Service to the Mojave and serve. The chambers of commerce of One year ago, Congress voted over- support the new park. Let me read the small communities right in the whelmingly, with strong bipartisan what they have to say. support, to pass a California Desert The Barstow Area Chamber of Com- area support the funding of the Mojave Protection Act and establish the Mo- merce says: ‘‘The National Park Serv- Preserve. Every major newspaper in jave National Preserve. This act, the ice is graciously welcomed to Barstow the State supports the funding of the Desert Protection Act, culminated an and to the Mojave Desert. The chamber Mojave Preserve. Yet, today, we have a 8-year-long battle in the Congress to hopes that the needed funds will be ap- bill before us that completely undoes protect some of America’s most spec- propriated in a timely manner so that the intent of the last Congress to cre- tacular and environmentally sensitive quality facilities and services will be ate what is a beautiful national park wilderness areas, in particular the Mo- accomplished as soon as possible by the and what is a prime and beautiful jave National Preserve, often called Park Service’s personnel.’’ desert area. the ‘‘crown jewel’’ of the act. The Barstow Development Corp. The BLM is neither capable nor man- California has about 25 million acres writes: ‘‘The park will be beneficial to dated to manage the Mojave National of desert. This act essentially pro- the majority of business persons in Preserve. As I say, even with a budget tected around 6 million of those acres, Barstow and to Barstow’s economy, of $1.7 billion, three times the $599,000 created the Joshua Tree National therefore being a positive influence to Park, Death Valley National Mark, and most of the citizens in Barstow.’’ the conference has now given to the the East Mojave Preserve. The Newberry Springs Chamber of BLM, the BLM did not adequately The congressional process included Commerce says: ‘‘Newberry Springs is manage this 1.4-million-acre area. literally years of research, public hear- proud to be so near this unusual and Without adequate funding for man- ings, debate, and every possible consid- wonderful area. Let it be known that agement of the Mojave, not only park eration and compromise to safeguard we highly endorse the new Super- visitors but those who live and work in the interests of property owners and intendent and staff and we pledge our the region will suffer. According to the businesses in the region. The bill support and cooperation to this National Park Service, permits for passed. project.’’ grazing improvements will not be proc- Now, rather than carrying out the in- Little do they know, this bill is tak- essed and issued. Requests for rights- tent of the legislation, which was to ing it all away. of-way will not be processed and ap- The Baker Chamber of Commerce have a national preserve with hunting, proved. Mining plans of operation will which some of the opponents wanted, says: ‘‘Our community is the gateway to the East Mojave Preserve. Our com- not be processed and approved. Search under National Park Service manage- and rescue and emergency medical ment, this bill contains an effort to de- munity has embraced the changes that services will be dangerously under- stroy the Mojave National Preserve. the Preserve has brought. In accord ap- funded. Trash collection, restroom All other national parks are being propriate funding for the East Mojave funded. Yet this conference report sin- Preserve would be duly appreciated.’’ maintenance, and any hazardous spill gles out the newest unit of the Na- The , San Jose cleanup will be cut back or eliminated. tional Park System for budget cuts. Mercury News, San Diego Union Trib- The visitors center and camp grounds The President had $2.6 million in his une, and the San Francisco Chronicle may be closed. Park resources will re- budget for National Park Service man- have all called on the President to veto ceive minimal protection, like protec- agement of this new park. the Interior appropriations bill because tion to Indian hieroglyphics on canyon The conference report provides no of its attack on the East Mojave. walls, like protection to the 900 species funding for the National Park Service Let me read just a few of the edi- of flora and fauna. to manage the Mojave National Pre- torial headlines. The San Diego Union Tribune, De- It limits the funding for development serve. Instead, it turns management cember 3: ‘‘Starved for funds; Congress- of a comprehensive management plan back over to the BLM, the agency man victimizes Mojave Preserve.’’ to $500,000, far less than what it typi- which managed the East Mojave so San Bernardino Sun, a paper in the cally costs to develop a plan for a new poorly before enactment of the desert area, November 18: ‘‘Lewis Confuses national park. It limits the amount of bill and provided the whole enthusiasm Park Issue with Flap Over Sheep.’’ time the Park Service has to develop for creating a national park. And the San Francisco Chronicle, November the management plan. The California bill also provides a totally inadequate 17: ‘‘While they are at it, they should Desert Protection Act required a 3-year amount for the BLM to do the job. The strip all environmental riders, includ- planning process and provided for ex- BLM was criticized when it had $1.7 ing the defunding of the Mojave Na- tensive public participation. That is million to run this area. It did not do tional Preserve in California.’’ what the community wanted. If the it adequately with that amount. And San Jose Mercury News, September Park Service is to satisfy the con- now there is no money for the Park 25: ‘‘Moan on the range; Republicans Service, with the exception of the ferees’ conditions for taking over man- Resume the Destruction of Public agement of the Mojave next year, that $500,000 for planning. Lands.’’ ‘‘In an insult to California, the is completing the management plan, I believe this is contrary to the wish- bill, this time, appropriated $1 for the the agency will have to expedite the es of the people of California. Included management of the new Mojave Na- process and limit public participation. in a statewide poll, conducted very re- tional Preserve, a way of undoing con- cently and just released yesterday, gressional establishment of the park That is directly contrary to the intent were some new poll numbers with re- last year.’’ of the Desert Protection Act. The act spect to the views of Californians and Nobody should think it is anything specifically mandated an inclusive this park. Statewide, 74 percent of all other than just that. planning process to ensure consider- Californians opposed a limit on the Los Angeles Times, Friday, Sep- ation of the views of the landowners, Park Service budget for management tember 22: ‘‘Clinton Should Reject Sab- the ranchers, local government, and of this park. Statewide, 84.6 percent of otage of Desert Act; he needs Cali- others.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18598 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 This language is unprecedented. cent of the people of the State in sup- and one of the reasons they will veto Never before has Congress required the port of keeping the Mojave a national this bill is this kind of subrogation of National Park Service to develop a park according to a poll done as re- the will of Congress. comprehensive plan before it can man- cently as last week. I hazard a guess It is selfish, it is vain, it is wrong, it age a new park. No one can tell me this that there is probably no new park in is not good policy, and it should not is not just to kill the action taken by America that would get that kind of happen. a majority. Let me say I would never public support and yet have this body I thank the President. I yield the do this to any Member or to any and the other body defund it in its first floor. project that was approved by Con- year of operation. It is bizarre. I do not Mr. MCCAIN addressed the Chair. gress—stand in front of it and say, all understand. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- right, after 8 years, more than a dozen Let me give another example, the ator from Arizona. hearings, this is authorized, but we are small little restaurant called the Bun Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I lis- going to kill it because we are not Boy in Baker. Owner Willis Heron tened carefully to the words of the Sen- going to fund it. writes: ator from California, and I must say I Some have suggested that the Na- I have lived in and been in business in have some sympathy for her position tional Park Service has not adequately Baker, CA for over 40 years. I write to ex- on this issue and understand how she is ensured the continuation of human press my strong support to fully fund the Na- upset. She mentioned that she was con- uses and has jeopardized wildlife recov- tional Park Service. Not adequately funding cerned about the preservation of Indian ery efforts. This is a complete mis- the National Park Service is a disservice to hieroglyphics in the park there, and I the thousands of people living in the towns representation of the Park Service’s also have a lot of knowledge of native of Baker, Barstow, Needles, and Nipton and American issues. I understand that. record in the Mojave. to the County of San Bernardino. The pre- Let me set the record straight. The I wish that the Senator from Cali- serve and the local communities will suffer if fornia had voted to restore some of the Park Service has been doing a good job the proper funding is withheld. funding for live Indians, the live Indi- of managing the Mojave. In the last Again, I cannot understand it. The ans which Senator DOMENICI, Senator year, the Park Service has improved support is there. Roxanne Lang, a resi- visitors’ services. It has opened a visi- INOUYE, and myself tried to restore. We dent of Nipton says: tried to restore some of the draconian tors center in Baker. It has improved The National Park Service has done more law enforcement; it has helped curtail cuts that were made. for our local area in the last nine months Native Americans are deeply con- illegal activities such as closing down without much funding than the BLM did in two drug labs in the desert that were ten years I have been here. The National cerned about preserving hieroglyphics. operating in the area. The Park Serv- Park Service has managed to eliminate some But they are also concerned about pre- ice has improved resource protection. undesirables—i.e. drug dealers—come into serving their ability to manage their Visitation to the area has increased our schools and educate the children living land, child welfare and family services, in the desert about the environment; and significantly, bringing additional busi- et cetera. give locals a generally good feeling that we I do not mean it as a criticism of the nesses to the surrounding commu- have protection. Senator from California. I must say nities. This body defunds it. I do not under- As the Las Vegas Review Journal re- from listening to her somewhat emo- stand it. The Overson family, the larg- ported last month, Little Nipton, a tional remarks, I hope that we can sit est private property owner and ranch- small community, has not seen so down and get some kind of better ers in the preserve, also report that much activity since its heyday in the treatment of what is obviously a very management is much improved under early years of the century. Nipton is important cultural and environmental the Park Service. Let me read their one of the entry points to the new Mo- area in the State of California. statement: Mrs. FEINSTEIN. I thank the Sen- jave National Preserve. Gerald Free- In the past 7 years under the Bureau of ator. man, the owner of the Hotel Nipton, re- Land Management, crucial water replace- Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I rise to ports: ment projects, pipelines, tanks, and troughs, express my deep disappointment with Since the National Park Service has taken have been put on hold. It has come to the how little funding was restored by the over management jurisdiction, both the vol- point of having to get an attorney to sue the conferees to native American programs ume and quality of visitation is up. For ex- BLM to do the environmental assessments ample, the Hotel Nipton occupancy is up be- on the projects before funding will be allo- in H.R. 1977, the fiscal year 1996 appro- tween 80 and 100 percent a year. In contrast cated. Since the National Park Service took priations bill for Interior and related to what I would call a condescending, indif- over management of the desert, many agencies. ferent presence of the Bureau of Land Man- changes are apparent. We have been able to During our consideration of the bill agement over the last 35 years, the National work with management for a yes or no an- in August, the Senate rejected a Park Service seems genuinely concerned swer. Projects are being worked on. Domenici-McCain-Inouye amendment with the welfare of the region. They appear The effects of the rangers are also appar- to restore $200 million to address what to me—and others out here—to be a com- ent. They have wrote numerous speeding I believed was a draconian cut in fund- forting and constructive presence. I urge you tickets, deterred drunk drivers, closed an il- to support the National Park Service in its legal drug lab, and have policed this isolated ing for tribal governments. I say ‘‘dra- mission in the Mojave National Preserve and area. Because of these reasons, we feel we conian’’ because I know no other word to do everything to ensure adequate funding would be better off under Park Service man- to describe a cut that would have re- is available to maintain the viability of their agement. duced last year’s tribal funding by presence. I am convinced the rewards will be That is from the largest property more than 25 percent. I withheld from of great and lasting benefit to the region in- owner in the Mojave Preserve, and this offering further floor amendments cluding a strong and vibrant business all bill defunds it. I do not understand it. after the chairman of the Interior Ap- around; greatly improving job opportunities propriations Subcommittee assured me for locals and others moving into the area; a Mr. President, Congress established major upgrade in the perception of the Mo- the national preserve. There was al- on the floor of this Senate that he jave in the world at large; thus establishing ready a concession to the opposition would support significant restorations a major source of pride and revenue for San who wanted a national preserve with to these tribal accounts in conference. Bernardino County and the State of Cali- hunting. They got their national pre- Mr. President, we now have before us fornia. serve with hunting, but under the Park the results of the conference commit- I cannot understand—we have three Service so the environmental protec- tee’s action. While I appreciate the sin- major chambers of commerce. We have tions could be provided. cere efforts of the members of the con- people writing in, saying visitation has Guess what they did? They then ference committee, I do not consider gone up, it is better than it was. Two turned around and defunded it—some- the amounts restored to tribal ac- drug labs have been closed. Yet because thing that has 84 percent support counts significant enough. The con- of the pique of some on the House Ap- throughout the entire State of Cali- ference bill maintains disproportion- propriations Committee, we defund it. I fornia after the first year in operation. ately deep cuts in critical funding cannot understand this. It is absolutely bizarre. needed for essential services on Indian This is not just and fair public pol- I have spoken to the administration. Reservations. I believe the funding pri- icy, particularly when we have 84 per- I am convinced they will veto this bill, orities reflected in this bill breach our

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18599 Nation’s treaty obligations to tribal trends on programs for American Indi- Amendment No. 2 in the conference governments. ans and Alaska Natives over the past 20 report contains the following earmark: The conference bill provides $654 mil- years, and compare it to Federal spend- ‘‘Of which $2,000,000 shall be available lion for tribal priority allocations, ing for other Americans. The CRS for assessment of the mineral potential nearly a 91⁄2-percent cut from the fiscal found a steadily growing gap between of public lands in Alaska pursuant to year 1995 funding level of $722 million. what the Federal Government spends P.L. 96–487 . . .’’ This nine and one-half percent reduc- on Indians and non-Indians that began Perhaps the Senator from Wash- tion will gut basic tribal government to widen in 1985. Since 1985, per capita ington could explain the necessity for operations on Reservations, where the Federal spending for Indians has fallen this provision being added in con- spending priorities are set by tribally far behind per capita Federal spending ference? elected officials, not Federal bureau- on non-Indians. I am convinced there I would like to know why is this pro- crats or Members of Congress who are are many accounts in the Interior bill vision being added in conference hav- far removed from reservation realities. which are significantly lower national ing not been considered by either body Let me be clear—the tribal funds priorities than these tribal programs. in an amendable form? slashed by 91⁄2-percent under this bill Funding for these lesser priorities Is there any reason this provision are under the direct control of tribal should have been reduced or eliminated could not wait to be added to some au- governments, not Federal bureaucrats. in order to protect Indian funding. thorizing language? My position on this is consistent These cuts will not reduce the Federal I say to the Senator from Wash- with the Budget Resolution, which rec- bureaucracy. They will, however, ington that it is terribly aggravating ommended to the Appropriations Com- sharply reduce tribal services and em- to those of us who represent the citi- ployment on Indian reservations. mittees that Indian program funding be held at 1995 levels and that the nec- zens of our State who find these provi- Tribes have used these funds to de- sions added in a conference report be- liver critically needed services to Res- essary reductions in budget authority be taken from other accounts. The con- cause they are not amendable, nor do ervation residents, such as criminal we have the opportunity to vote up or law enforcement and public safety ef- ference committee chose to disregard these priorities and instead made In- down. forts, elderly housing improvement and Amendment No. 47 is particularly in- repair, child abuse protection and dian programs within the Interior De- partment bear a strikingly dispropor- teresting. The House language origi- intervention services, adult vocational nally was one sentence: training, natural resource protection, tionate share of the cuts. ‘‘For expenses necessary for the or- child welfare and family services, land Mr. President, many years ago, our derly closure of the Bureau of Mines, management, reservation road mainte- predecessors in the U.S. Senate ratified $87,000,000.’’ nance, administrative support activi- treaties made with tribal governments The Senate struck that language and ties, and other essential tribal govern- in exchange for land and peace. The added a paragraph with more specifics. ment programs and operations. Tribal U.S. Constitution calls these treaties However, the conference report now governments spend these funds on so- the highest law of our land. Neither the contains a long list of specific provi- cial workers, police officers, teachers, passage of time nor the changing of the sions detailing office closures and jailers, bookkeepers, and auditors. guard has eroded our legal obligations transfers in specific cities and loca- They make emergency home repairs. as a Nation towards Native Americans. tions. I am very concerned about these They fight fires. They clear and main- In my view, H.R. 1977 turns our na- tional priorities upside-down, and new details, added behind closed door, tain roadways. They patrol land and places a stain on our national honor. that I am now expected to vote on. The water to deter poaching and to protect Accordingly, I urge my colleagues to language notes certain office in Penn- natural resources. Tribes rely on these join me in voting against adoption of sylvania and Oregon. funds to meet basic governmental obli- H.R. 1977, as proposed by the con- I would like the managers of this bill gations to their citizens. ference committee, because it seriously In addition to the elimination of to explain the meaning and purpose of shortchanges Indian tribes and violates many essential services, these cuts will this large amendment. our Nation’s treaty obligations to Na- cause many reservation jobs to dis- Amendment No. 84 deals with the tive Americans. Presidio. It is my understanding that appear. Since many reservations are in Mr. President, traditionally the Inte- remote and impoverished locations this historic old Army base has been rior appropriations bill has been loaded ordered closed as a result of the BRAC with unemployment rates 10 to 20 with ear marks. Although this year’s times the national rate, tribal govern- process. However, this bill contains bill represents an improvement over language appropriating funds to keep ments typically are the largest, and past year’s bills, it still contains many often the only, employers in Indian this facility, or at least parts of this fa- items that raise questions. cility open. The committee also notes Country. Consequently, the 91⁄2-percent I want to state that these questions that separate legislation detailing the cut in tribal funding from fiscal year should not be interpreted in any way as future of the Presidio may be consid- 1995 levels will cause great hardship for to call into question the integrity of ered by the Congress later this or next many Indian households whose bread- the bill’s managers. I know they have year. winners will have no choice other than worked hard and deserve much credit Based on that fact, why are we appro- to move away from their reservation for the work they have done. But as I priating funds for the Presidio at this communities to seek employment. have routinely stated on the floor of Mr. President, the American people the Senate, when earmarks and other time? have spoken—they don’t want new specific provisions that have never I am very concerned about the cre- taxes, they don’t want the Federal been considered by either the full ation of the Presidio trust fund. In Ari- Government to grow, and they don’t House or Senate are added to bills in zona we closed Williams Air Force want deficit spending today that will conference then my right as a Senator Base. We have not—nor do I think make their children, and their chil- to amend those provisions is denied there will ever be created—a Williams dren’s children, pay and pay for years me. That is wrong. The people of Ari- trust fund. This is an issue that de- to come. I stand with those of us in the zona expect me to act to prevent their serves much consideration and debate. Senate who say enough is enough, that hard-earned tax dollars from being sent I would hope that we would not be pav- Federal funding must be reduced, not to Washington and then squandered on ing the road for the creation of the just restrained. projects that have never seen the light trust fund in this bill. My problem with the Interior spend- of day. That is why I raise these issues. Therefore, I want to ask the ques- ing bill is not with its overall reduc- First, let me note my strong concern tion, if such funds must be appro- tions. My problem is with how the con- regarding this legislation’s treatment priated, should they not be subject to ferees set their priorities within the of native Americans. authorization or to passage of the Pre- overall reductions. Earlier this year I I also want to raise some other issues sidio trust fund bill? asked the Congressional Research I would hope the managers would I also have questions regarding Service to analyze Federal spending elaborate on. amendments Nos. 101 and 104. These

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18600 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 amendments apparently place an MCCAIN. That is the traditional way we Species Act or whether you believe the across-the-board prohibition on the have done things for the last few days. act should not be in existence, the fact Forest Service. After the bill mandates I assume we would go back to a Repub- of the matter is that if it is inad- this sweeping prohibition, it contains lican next. equately funded it does not work for one specific exception to this new rule. Mr. President, I first want to say anyone. The language added in conference about the two managers of this bill, Second, this conference report main- states, ‘‘* * * other than the Regional the senior Senator from Washington tains the moratorium on listing of Office for Region 5 for the Forest Serv- and the senior Senator from West Vir- ice, from San Francisco to excess mili- ginia, I have worked with them on this threatened and endangered species. I tary property at Mare Island, Vallejo, bill and other matters over the years. I object to these provisions. I do it, not California.’’ Perhaps the managers can have found them both to be the best. to be an obstructionist, but to enable explain this unique exception. Senator BYRD’s history, of course, is the Fish and Wildlife Service in pre- I think, if I could seek the answers to replete with his knowledge of proce- serving and protecting species that are those questions from the manager of dures. Of course this bill is a bill that in a state of imminent extinction. In the bill, I might have a better under- he has managed for many years. But sum, the Fish and Wildlife Service standing of this conference report. let me just say about the senior Sen- must be able to carry out the noble Mr. GORTON addressed the Chair. ator from Washington, the manager of goals of saving species from extinction. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- the bill this year, he has spent a great I am a ranking member of the au- ator from Washington. deal of time on this legislation. He has thorizing committee that will, hope- Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, the had tremendous difficulties. I partici- fully next year, participate in reau- Senator from Arizona has raised legiti- pated with him, trying to work out thorizing the Endangered Species Act. mate questions about several of these some of the differences. We have had amendments. I will prepare answers to the bill before the Senate, or the con- I have worked with the junior Senator them—we have two other Members ference report, three times, as I under- from the State of Idaho in coming up waiting to speak—and try to answer stand it. So, I recognize the problems with legislation. He has introduced a them properly after those two Members the manager has had, how hard it has bill that I do not support, but I am con- have had their opportunity. been. It is not a perfect bill. I recognize fident that we can come up with legis- Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I thank that. My criticism of the legislation lation that meets the goals of both of the Senator from Washington. I do be- does not go to the managers of the bill us. If we cannot, I will introduce a bill lieve this bill is a significant improve- but, rather, to the content of the legis- sometime next spring, and, hopefully ment. I do not believe there is a great lation and the fact, in these times of in the near future, we will be able to deal of the traditional earmarks and very strict budget constraints, some- stand in this Chamber and work out add-ons in conference. I wish there times we disagree with the priorities. our difference. We need to reauthorize were none. Having said that, I say this bill is ex- the Endangered Species Act. I realize the Senator from Wash- tremely important to the State of Ne- What is taking place in this legisla- ington and the ranking member have vada. The U.S. Geological Survey, the very difficult decisions to make and Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Bureau of tion, in this conference report, is not that there are enormous pressures on Land Management—there are many the appropriate way to do business. I them in certain areas to sometimes important aspects of this legislation remind this body, as a significant num- clean up certain aspects of the legisla- that have a direct impact on the State ber of witnesses pointed out before our tion that has not been brought up at of Nevada. I am not going to spend a committee, extinction is irrevocable. the proper time. But I would like, as I lot of time today talking about the Extinction is forever. It is important say for the benefit of my friend from things about which I just spoke, even that we understand that these are not Washington—amendment No. 2, which though, with the Park Service, the problems that we can go back and deal is $2 million available for assessments busiest entity in the entire Park Serv- with later. Once there is an extinction of mineral potential of public lands in ice is the Lake Mead Recreational it is over with. It is over with for good. Alaska; amendment No. 47, all of the Area. Last year, there were almost 10 To deny the Department of Interior the long list of specific provisions which million visitors to that very fragile fa- funds needed to ensure good science is are associated with the closure of the cility. It is an example of where we are to invoke a self-fulfilling prophecy of Bureau of Mines; amendment No. 84, not really taking care of our parks in the failure of this act. about the Presidio; and amendments this country. Lake Mead needs tremen- Extinction cannot be altered. We Nos. 101 and 104, which place across- dous renovation because of the massive the-board prohibition on the Forest cannot have second thoughts. It is per- numbers of people who use that facil- manent. That permanence should Service, and then there is one specific ity. The people who use Lake Mead do exception. weigh heavily when we consider our not use it just during the daylight priorities. I thank my colleague from the State hours. It is a 24-hour recreation facil- of Washington. I understand it may ity. Because of the shift work that We must make no mistake about it, take some time. Since this is a very takes place throughout southern Ne- our priorities are reflected in this large piece of legislation, it may take vada, people are coming on that facil- budget, and I say respectfully that our some time to adequately address those ity all times of the day and night. It priorities in regard to this act are concerns. skewed. I acknowledge that there are Again, I congratulate the Senator needs a lot of work. That money, that some real problems with the Endan- from Washington on doing a very sin- would lead to the work being done, the gered Species Act in its current state. cere and difficult job. renovations being done, improvements I yield the floor. being done on that recreation area, is We need to reauthorize the act, we The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who not in this bill. need to change it, we need to make yields time? I do not criticize anyone in par- sure there is the ability for consulta- The Senator from Nevada. ticular, other than to say that our park tion with State and local government Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- system is really in a bad state of re- and with the private sector. We have to imous consent I be yielded such time as pair. It is no better illustrated than the make sure there are exemptions for I may consume from that of Senator Lake Mead Recreation Area. small property owners. We have to Today I am going to spend my time BUMPERS, who controls time on this make sure that there are incentives for talking about a part of this bill that I side. people complying with the Endangered think is really disturbing, and that is The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Species Act. Those things are not in objection, it is so ordered. the Endangered Species Act and how it Mr. REID. Mr. President, I say to my is dealt with. First of all, this con- the act at this time. We have to put friend, the Senator from Missouri, the ference report does not adequately pro- them in the act. reason I stood before him is because we vide funding for effective implementa- But to simply defund it, or fund it in- had a Democrat, Senator FEINSTEIN, tion of the Endangered Species Act. adequately and to place a moratorium and then traditionally we are going That is important because, whether on listings, is not the way to do busi- back and forth. So I waited for Senator you are a proponent of the Endangered ness.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18601 I acknowledge, I repeat, the problems rare cases. When the Presiding Officer tion and reform and fully fund the En- with the Endangered Species Act. I and I were children, teenagers, young dangered Species Act. It is not hap- talked about some of them. These prob- adults, children who got leukemia died. pening in this conference report, and lems we have talked about at long It is not that way anymore. Parents that is too bad. length before the authorizing com- who have little children who have We ensure for ourselves the need for mittee, and they are going to be ad- childhood leukemia are cured. Why? more emergency saving efforts. This is dressed in the substantive legislation Because of something called the rosy a small price to pay when it comes to when it comes to this body and it is de- periwinkle. protecting and preserving species faced bated here on the floor. There is also a pupfish, an imperiled with imminent extinction. That is why, Mr. President, a mora- desert vertebrate, residing in isolated I repeat, I recognize the difficulty of torium on listing species is wrong. The hot springs in the Southwest part of this legislation arriving at the point moratorium removes flexibility of the this country. The pupfish can survive where it is. I again extend my con- Secretary of the Interior. It delays ac- in very high salt concentrations, and gratulations and applause to the man- tion when action is critical. This mora- this ability is being studied as we agers of this legislation, the senior torium in this conference report does, speak by researchers in hopes of devel- Senator from the State of Washington in fact, jeopardize the existence of spe- oping new treatments for kidney dis- and the senior Senator from the State cies. ease. of West Virginia. But I really feel that In this conference report, I think This pupfish is extinct in many this conference report is lacking in a that we find a lot of impatience for places. There are a variety of pupfish. number of different ways, not the least substantive, reasonable, and prudent In the State of Nevada, we have an ag- of which is the problem with the En- reform. We should be patient. We ricultural area that grew cotton. Be- dangered Species Act. should recognize that this bill needs to cause of the pupfish, the water that The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who be reauthorized. The moratorium supplied the cotton was curtailed, and yields time? would, regretfully, in my estimation, that area is no longer a cotton farming Mr. BOND addressed the Chair. remain in effect despite the lack of area. That is the sacrifice that was The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- logic, despite the damaging effects, and made for this little fish that will, all ator from Missouri. despite the fact the committees of ju- scientists say, lead to some dramatic Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I ask unan- risdiction have and will continue to ad- changes in the way we treat renal fail- imous consent that I be permitted to dress issues of concern. ure. proceed for 10 minutes as in morning The proponents of the Endangered We do not know every plant and ani- business. Species Act reform argued for better mal that exists and, consequently, we The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without science throughout the process of spe- do not know every cure, remedy, and objection, it is so ordered. The Senator cie preservation. I ask, how is better healing that may exist for our benefit. is recognized to speak for 10 minutes as science provided for if the funding is I am not going to take the time of in morning business. not provided for? Many who argue for this body. There are Senators wishing f reform of the Endangered Species Act to speak on this floor. I could list plant VA, HUD, AND INDEPENDENT assert the need to do more than just after plant that leads to helping relieve AGENCIES APPROPRIATIONS BILL list a species, but also to declassify and the pain and misery of disease and, in delist species. Let us make sure the many instances, cures disease. Of the Mr. BOND. Mr. President, the reason agency has the ability to do that, and 220,000 worldwide types of plants, only I asked for morning business at this they only have the ability to do that if 5,000 have been examined for medicinal time was to bring my colleagues up to there is sufficient funding. compounds. We know, as a result of an date and those who are very much in- But then what is the effect of failing article within the past year in the Wall terested in the appropriations process, to fund the act at an effective level? Street Journal that talked about some particularly as it regards the Environ- Mr. President, one of the effects of in- of these plants that were deemed to be mental Protection Agency, VA, and sufficient funding would be a decline of worthless, how they have brought HUD, and what is happening here. the medicinal research and humani- about dramatic improvements in the We have had a bill that has been tarian purposes that have benefited way we treat disease. passed by the Senate, passed by the from the preservation and study of spe- The black bear, which is a threatened House, and a conference report passed cies and plants. Indeed, there is a great bear in many parts of the United by the House that is waiting here. We hope, hope of thousands of people who States, are now being studied because have not passed it because the adminis- are fighting diseases that are anchored scientists believe they have found de- tration has promised clearly and un- in the search for cures within the eco- finitive and definite clues to the pre- equivocally to veto it. systems and plant life that today may vention of osteoporosis. How? The bear There are several things that are be on the verge of extinction. loses no bone mass during its 5- to 6- going to happen today. First, the ma- More than 40 percent of prescriptions month hibernation period, and sci- jority leader has scheduled the meas- filled in our country, in the United entists are wondering why. They are ure to be passed later on after this bill, States, each year derive from plants, now beginning to find out why. perhaps in wrapup tonight, and second, animals, and microbes. These include What cures are we willing to risk los- there is a major media effort to medicines to fight cancers, infections, ing with lack of funding of the Endan- mischaracterize, I believe, what is contagious disease, heart disease, gered Species Act? I do not think we going on with respect to the environ- childhood leukemia, to name just a should be willing to risk the loss of any ment. few. cures. Recently, the American Society Some of my colleagues may have There is a lot of fun made of the En- of Microbiology called for increased re- seen an article in today’s Washington dangered Species Act. Why do we worry search in potential medicinal plants Post: ‘‘Temporary Reductions Halt about this animal or that plant? The and other species, which takes on an ‘Environmental Cop.’’’ It relates to reason we worry about them is, I re- urgency as known diseases grow resist- concerns expressed by EPA Adminis- peat, 40 percent of the prescriptions ant to known antibiotics. trator Carol Browner. filled in our country are derived from How can we justify underfunding I am getting a little tired of the press plants, animals, and microbes. such a vital work of preserving species? conferences, press statements, and Take, for example, the rosy peri- I know there are problems with the En- grandstanding from the White House winkle. It sounds funny, does it not, dangered Species Act. I say that on regarding how the majority in the Con- rosy periwinkle? In this little plant, this floor for the second time today. I gress is rolling back environmental two compounds were found that have know that we have to reauthorize it protection and making deep cuts in the proved successful in treating Hodgkin’s and make some changes in the way the environment. disease and childhood leukemia. act has been administered. But I tell Ms. Browner is reported in the Post As far as childhood leukemia, it each of my colleagues, we must trust as saying, ‘‘The environmental cop is cures childhood leukemia except in the legislative process of reauthoriza- not on the beat.’’ She decries the fact

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18602 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 that the temporary budget reductions strained budget because of the con- to work with us, to make as many ac- resulting from the current continuing tinuing resolution, and I am fully pre- commodations and improvements in resolution are causing a reduction in pared to send a bill to the President so the bill as possible. She too has sought inspections. I agree with her. I would they will not have to operate under a the involvement of the administration. like to see a bill passed and signed into continuing resolution. The conference And even though Senator MIKULSKI’s law. report on the EPA bill, that is, VA– top priority, national service, is not Let me set the record straight. The HUD and independent agencies, would funded in this bill, other than for close- EPA appropriations bill which passed provide an increase of 11.5 percent over down, it cannot be funded unless and the Senate earlier this year funded the current continuing resolution, yet until the administration is willing to EPA’s operating programs at the fiscal the President wants to veto the bill. sit down with us and tell us where they year 1995 level, and the conference re- His agents have stated unequivocally wish to make cuts to generate the sup- port on VA–HUD and independent that he will. port to pass this bill in both Houses. agencies provides a total funding level I have suggested to administration Senator MIKULSKI has been thor- for EPA which is $48 million more than officials that I as chairman, the rank- oughly cooperative throughout. I could the Senate-passed bill, a reduction of ing member, Senator MIKULSKI, and not ask for anyone who has been more only 4 percent below the our colleagues in similar positions in willing to put the needs of the environ- postrescissions fiscal year 1995 funding the House, are more than willing to sit ment, of veterans, of housing, of space, level. down to find accommodations within and other important agencies ahead of We have managed in a very, very the 602(b) allocation to negotiate a rea- partisan bickering. It is with great re- tight budget to provide close to full sonable compromise. gret that I tell my colleagues that we funding for EPA at a time when con- Rather than negotiating with us, are likely to see the measure, which is straints on discretionary spending are today I am told later on the Vice Presi- scheduled for passage later on tonight, extraordinarily tight. This sub- dent will hold a press conference with vetoed by the President because simply committee received an allocation Administrator Browner at a suburban he wants to spend more money. which was 12 percent below last year’s Maryland wastewater treatment plant I make the point again for those in- level, yet we managed to hold EPA at where they will continue to attack Re- terested in the environment that if the close to current funding levels. Despite publican reductions in environmental President were to sign this bill, or if the rhetoric from downtown, this dem- improvements. Rather than pointing to the President were even to send his onstrates, I believe, a Republican com- the successes achieved over the past people to discuss with us how to make mitment to continue to improve the years to improve our water quality, improvements to protect their prior- environment. they will talk about how the budget ities, we would be more than willing to Now, I am the first to admit that the will impair future water quality im- negotiate with them. Absent any re- EPA has received some targeted budget provements. sponse—and there has been no re- cuts in the appropriations process but Let me set the record straight, Mr. sponse—this bill will be scheduled later the reductions came from areas which President. Funding for EPA waste- on for passage this evening. I regret the National Academy of Public Ad- water treatment construction in this that we will not receive the funding for ministration and others identified as year’s bill is $1.125 billion. In addition, environmental actions that are in- being unnecessary, wasteful or duplica- the conference report stipulates that if cluded in this conference report if the tive. NAPA is a nonpartisan organiza- legislation enacting a new drinking President chooses to veto it. But make tion which was commissioned by my water State revolving fund is not au- no mistake. If there is a reduction in Democratic colleague and predecessor, thorized by June 1, 1996, an additional funding for environmental efforts, it Senator MIKULSKI, then chair of the $500 million will be available for waste- will be the President’s decision. It will committee, to undertake a report on water State revolving funds for a total be the President’s veto. He is going to reforming EPA 2 years ago. of $1.625 billion. get a bill that is very close to last In this bill and the conference report, Mr. President, this would represent year’s funding, and it protects the top we followed the NAPA recommenda- an increase of about $400 million over priority programs in EPA. tions presented to Congress almost a last year’s level. Mr. President, I yield the floor. year ago to turn more responsibility Now, in the last 2 weeks or more, I f over to the States that have developed have repeatedly requested of top ad- an enormous capacity over the past 25 ministration officials that they tell us DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR years to manage environmental pro- how they wish to reallocate spending AND RELATED AGENCIES APPRO- grams, including inspections of facili- within the 602(b) allocations. I have PRIATIONS ACT, 1996—CON- ties. According to NAPA, ‘‘EPA should made that request among others to Ad- FERENCE REPORT revise its approach to oversight, pro- ministrator Browner, to CEQ director, The Senate continued with the con- viding high performing States with Ms. McGinty, to OMB director Dr. sideration of the conference report. grant flexibility, reduced oversight and Rivlin, to the Vice President himself. I The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who greater autonomy.’’ put in a call to the President. Obvi- yields time? That is what we have tried to do for ously, he has other things on his mind. Mr. BRADLEY addressed the Chair. this appropriations bill, and we have But none of these people has responded. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- included authority for EPA to begin As a result, it appears that when this ator from New Jersey. issuing block grants for maximum bill goes down, if the President carries Mr. BRADLEY. I will be very brief. I flexibility. We have tried to focus on through on his threat to veto it, it will rise to speak in opposition to the con- the areas of highest risk to human be vetoed and EPA will fall back to the ference report. I know there are others health and the environment and reduce level of the continuing resolution. The who want to speak, and I simply want those programs which do not get the only word we have heard from the ad- to make a few points. most bang for the buck in terms of en- ministration is they want to spend I think it will be vetoed. I think it vironmental protection. about $2 billion more. should be vetoed. I think that it con- But the administration and EPA, The White House talks the language tinues the process of watering down rather than spending time organizing of reducing spending to balance the our efforts to protect the environment, press conferences and news events, budget, but they do not have the music and it in my view should be rejected. should be following the recommenda- yet. They think the only way they can There are three areas that I believe tions of NAPA to get its own house in live is to spend more money. We have need our special attention. The first is order. Despite EPA’s claim to support done the very best we can to establish that under the conference report the NAPA’s recommendations, we have priorities within the context of achiev- protection of fish, wildlife and plant seen little in terms of real change. And ing a balanced budget in the year 2002. species awaiting endangered species regarding today’s article in the Post, I wish to say for the record that my listing would be blocked for another let me point out to my colleagues that ranking member, Senator MIKULSKI, year, even if the species is on the brink indeed EPA is operating under a con- has gone out of her way to be helpful, of extinction.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18603 Mr. President, we have an Endan- I think are the highest possible stand- that it does not affect very many peo- gered Species Act in order to protect ards. The President’s statement on the ple. those species that are on the brink of report cites several additional short- There are about 10 to 12 States out extinction. If we delay listing year comings. For example, there is $50 mil- West where the Federal Government after year, we might as well not have a lion in funding restored for the Bureau has extensive landholdings and where law. When you delay the implementa- of Indian Affairs and the Indian Health people file mineral claims to mine tion of this law, you do not have one at Service. This additional funding, how- gold, silver, platinum, palladium, all. We cannot declare any species in ever, falls short of levels needed to whatever, off the Federal lands, and it that period of time as endangered and maintain these important programs. is very important to the mining com- the damage may be permanent. This is While the Bureau of Indian Affairs’ panies and it is important to those few of real concern in a number of areas, budget has been increased $25 million States where it takes place. But be- for example, the marbled murrelet. I above the previous conference level, cause the other roughly 40 States do also know that the Mount Graham that would still leave the program $111 not have a dog in the fight, they feel squirrel is an important specie that is million short of the House mark and free, Senators of those States feel free endangered and affected by this act. I $159 million below fiscal year 1995 en- to vote however they chose in the cer- am not sure that in the next year it is acted levels. tain knowledge that their constituents going to be all over for either one, but The most significant effect of this ac- will never hold them accountable. the general direction is clear. If we tion remains the crippling reductions But let me recount the history of the continue to prevent the law from func- targeted at tribal priority allocation issue of which I speak. In 1872, Ulysses tioning, we might as well not even programs which support essential trib- Grant signed his name to the bill called have that law, which, of course, is the al government, law enforcement, hous- the mining law of 1872. And the idea intention of some who will delay the ing improvement, Indian child welfare, was we would permit people to go west implementation of the law. adult vocational training, road mainte- and file claims on 20-acre parcels on Second, Mr. President, is the rider on nance, and other basic reservation the Federal lands there that the U.S. alternative P to the Tongass National services. Government owned. Anybody could do Forest timber plan in Alaska. The con- I believe that this funding should be it. And anybody can still do it. Just go ference report locks into place, restored. It is not in the report. I think out there and put four stakes down on through fiscal year 1997, the timber re- this will be another reason that the a 20-acre tract, not just one, do a dozen quirements of alternative P, which is a President will veto this proposal. if you want, two dozen, whatever you 4-year-old discredited draft forest plan. So, Mr. President, in conclusion, I want. Just file claims on it. That start- Alternative P mandates a logging tar- think the report has gotten better, but ed in 1872 as an incentive to get people get approximately 44 percent higher it is not yet good enough. I urge my to move west. than the average cutting level over the colleagues to reject the bill and the When I first became involved in this past decade. And it does so in an area President to veto it because I do not issue there were about 1,200,000 claims where the largest number of jobs are in think that the American people in 1994 that had been filed. And they were re- tourism and fishing and not in timber voted for an attack on environmental quired to either pay $100 a year to cutting and in an area where unem- problems. I believe we should not be de- maintain the claim or to certify that ployment is very low compared to the livering to the American people an they had done $100 worth of work on national average. antienvironmental Christmas present. their claim. Mr. President, I am very concerned I do not think they asked for it, and I Well, everybody simply sent in a cer- about what we have done in this bill do not think they will welcome it. I tification that said, ‘‘I did $100 worth of with regard to Tongass. I think that it hope that the President will veto the work.’’ Meanwhile, they had no inten- allows for much more cutting than we bill. tion of mining it. Finally, in 1993, I was had anticipated when we passed the Mr. BUMPERS addressed the Chair. able to get a bill passed through here 1990 Tongass Timber Reform Act. And The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. to require them to put up $100—not a it is another example of Congress’ KYL). The Senator from Arkansas. certificate that they had done $100 changing things for the worse after Mr. BUMPERS. Mr. President, I yield worth of work, but pay $100 cash. The there has been an agreement because myself such time as I may consume. number of claims dropped from 1.2 mil- the votes are there to change those The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- lion to the present, roughly, 330,000. things. And I think, frankly, it will be ator is recognized. So we have these 330,000 claims out one of the major reasons that the Mr. BUMPERS. There are a lot of there. If you own one of those claims, President will veto this bill. parts of this bill that I would like to what do you do next? If you are really Finally, Mr. President, there are a address. I agree with the Senator from serious about mining something, then series of cuts in vital programs. This New Jersey that the bill is certainly you start digging around to see if that bill follows the pattern set in the VA- better than it was in its original land has anything on it. Most of the HUD appropriations bill which makes version. Thanks to the House of Rep- time, Mr. President, the people who reductions in the Corps of Engineers resentatives, who refused to accept it own these claims never lay a glove on wetland enforcement budget and for- and voted overwhelmingly to recommit them. Some mining company comes in bids the EPA from enforcing wetlands it to the conference, it has been im- and says, ‘‘We will pay you so much to law, which in my State of New Jersey proved. let us work this claim, and if we find is a tremendously important thing. To tell you the truth, Mr. President, anything there, we will give you a 5- or This bill repeals protection for the I am so sick of making this speech I am 10-percent override on everything we newly created Mojave National Park about to make, I cannot tell you how find.’’ And, ordinarily, the person who and halts scientific studies needed to tiresome it is, and yet until the Mem- owns the claim says, ‘‘That is fine with protect critical species in the Columbia bers of this body change their attitude me, you are a big mining company. If River basin. about mining on public lands, until the anybody can make this work, you It halts the Department of Energy’s President and the press finally pene- can.’’ The claimant gets a nice little program to set energy appliance effi- trate the minds of the American people override for having simply put down ciency standards that have been devel- as to this, the greatest of all scams in four stakes on a claim. oped jointly with the industry, which the history of the Nation, I will come But once the mining company finds will save consumers a lot of money and here every year, time after time, to something, gold, silver, whatever, they reduce the U.S. dependence on foreign make my argument again. go to the Bureau of Land Management oil. One might say you can save more My mother used to have an expres- and they file an application for a deed. oil from increased conservation than sion, ‘‘Everybody’s business is nobody’s Now, this is really the most egregious you could from opening up the Arctic business.’’ And I cannot think of a bet- part of this whole law. You think about National Wildlife Refuge. ter application of that saying than somebody going out and putting down Mr. President, this bill has gotten what we allow the biggest corporations stakes on Federal land that belongs to better, but it still does not meet what in the world to pull off on us. It is just the taxpayers of this country, finding

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18604 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 gold on it, and going to the BLM over argument was made that ‘‘If we have to billions and billions of dollars’ worth of at the Department of Interior and say- pay a 3-percent royalty, we might be resources that belong to the people of ing, ‘‘I want a deed to this land.’’ Do able to live with that, but some of our this country? There is not a Senator in you know what else? The Secretary of mines might have to shut down and all this body that has not gone home when the Interior—if he can validate the these people will be thrown out of he faced reelection and said, ‘‘If you claim that there is mineable hardrock work.’’ elect me, I will balance the budget. I minerals, has to give them a deed. It is Today, the price of gold is $390 an will treat your money as though it not an option with him; he has to give ounce, and platinum is $410 an ounce. were mine. I will be tightfisted.’’ You them a deed. What do they pay for it? And what do you think the same argu- may be tightfisted with some poor, Either $2.50 an acre or $5.00 an acre— ment is? ‘‘We will have to shut down pregnant, teenage girl, or you may for billions of dollars’ worth of gold, and put all these poor people out of elect to make Medicaid a block grant silver, platinum, and palladium. That work.’’ You know why I know person- program so some children get health is right, Mr. President. I am not mak- ally? I am not a miner. Do you know care and others do not. But if things ing this up. I have made this speech why I know that is the most specious continue the way they are, you can every year for 7 years. The Secretary of argument of all? Because they pay an rest assured those same people who are the Interior has to deed billions of dol- average of a 5-percent-net smelter re- so concerned about that will continue lars’ worth of minerals that belongs to turn royalty to people who own private to vote for this just as they have in the the taxpayers of this country to some lands and pay substantial royalties to past. It is absolutely sickening. There huge mining company for $2.50 an acre. States if they mine on State lands. It is no other way to describe it. Now, the mining industry which pro- is only when they mine on Federal This bill, thanks to the House of Rep- motes this scam recently felt some lands they are going to go broke. resentatives, contains a patent morato- heat as the press has caught on to the On December 1, 2 weeks ago, Sec- rium. Let me tell you about that. issue. I can see the representatives retary Babbitt at the Department of There are presently 608 patent applica- from the mining industry all sitting the Interior gave ASARCO a deed for tions pending over at the BLM. Of the around the table saying, ‘‘What are we 349 acres in the Coronado National For- 608, 373 of the applications already have going to do? We cannot take this ad- est in Arizona near Tucson. What do their first half certificate so they can verse publicity forever.’’ And somebody you think the taxpayers of this coun- go ahead and get their deeds for $2.50 or says, ‘‘I have a grand scheme. We will try got? First of all, that 349 acres has $5 an acre. The rest of them, 235, are say that we will give the Government underneath it 2.9 billion dollars’ worth frozen, subject to future legislation. not $2.50 an acre, but we will pay them of copper and silver. What do the tax- But do you know what was in the rec- fair market value less the value of the payers get? onciliation bill? A royalty. My staff minerals under the surface. That way, A whopping $1,745. Do you know came in and said, ‘‘Senator So and So we can go home and tell the Chamber something else? The Washington Post has put a royalty in the reconciliation of Commerce if they raise the issue and the New York Times did not have bill—5 percent.’’ Really? We started with us, if there is a townhall meeting one word about it. Not one line. I guar- looking at it, and it is 5 percent of and there are some of those people antee not one person in this body saw nothing after taking into account the there who have been paying attention a news story anywhere that 2 weeks deductions. When you look at the rec- and want to know why we are giving ago the taxpayers got shafted for $3 bil- onciliation bill and you see that billions of dollars away to the biggest lion. Three months before that, the whooping big 5 percent royalty, and corporations in the world, we will say Secretary of the Interior gave the Faxe you say 5 percent of what? and you that we will make them pay fair mar- Kalk Mine, a Danish corporation, a start seeing what you will deduct be- ket value. That is where you cut it off. deed to 110 acres of public land in fore you levy a royalty, there is noth- You do not say fair market value for Idaho. What was under the 110 acres? ing left to levy a royalty on. What is the surface, which is $100 an acre. Just Mr. President, $1 billion worth of trav- worse, what is even more cynical, is tell them it is fair market value.’’ ertine. What did the taxpayers get for every one of the 608 applications for That is what the reconciliation bill their $1 billion? Mr. President, $275. patents would be exempt from the roy- says. If the bill were to become law, On May 16, 1994, the Secretary of the alty forever. That is billions of dollars’ the mining companies would have to Interior gave Barrick Resources, a sub- worth of minerals. Who else is exempt? pay fair market value, which CBO says sidiary of a Canadian corporation, a The 330,000 claims that are in exist- is $100 an acre, underneath which is bil- deed for 1,700 acres of land. What did it ence. lions of dollars’ worth of gold, silver, have under it? Mr. President, $11 bil- So you cannot tax the lands for platinum, and palladium, for which lion worth of gold. What did the tax- which patents have been applied and they pay nothing. payers get for their $11 billion?—$9,000. you cannot tax any future claims on Mr. President, there are not two Sen- I give the press credit; they did cover any applications for patent on the ators in this body that know this. It that one. 330,000 claims that are still existing. costs the Government $250 an acre just Stillwater Mining Co. in Montana, 2 What do you wind up with? Less than to process patent applications. Think days after I almost got a moratorium $1 million per year. People say, ‘‘I won- about that. Here they are going to pay put on the patenting process, filed a der why President Clinton vetoed that fair market value of $100 an acre. They claim with the BLM for deeds to 2,036 reconciliation bill.’’ That was only one are going to pay $100 an acre for some- acres. They filed for their patent in reason. thing that just the processing of the 1990. They got their first half certifi- Mr. President, I am still grateful to claim costs the taxpayers $250. So we cate and the Secretary of the Interior the House even though we had to lose $150 per acre right on the front will eventually be forced to give the grandfather the 373 patent applications end. Stillwater Mining Co. a deed for that and will likely never get a dime out of Mr. President, see this chart right 2,036 acres. What is under that? Mr. it. It is a step in the right direction. here. ‘‘Value for the interest in the President, $44 billion worth of plat- So, Mr. President, let me cover one land owned by the taxpayers exclusive inum and palladium—not my figures, other point. I have never understood of and without regard to the mineral their figures. Look at their prospectus. why hard rock minerals get this ex- deposits’’—$2.50 an acre is the current They are the ones who say there is 225 emption. We do not give it to anybody price. The new price will go to $100 an ounces of platinum and palladium on else. acre. In exchange for that, the biggest the land. We made the calculation. If When I first became involved in this corporations in the world, many of that is correct, it is $44 billion worth of issue, I could not believe it was as egre- which are foreign-owned, take billions platinum and palladium. What did gious as it turned out to be. It turned of dollars’ worth of taxpayers’ gold and Uncle Sucker get?—$10,000. out to be much worse than I thought at silver off the land and go home with it. We talk about balancing the budget; first. At the time, people believed that When I first got into this, the price of how are we going to finance Medicaid, somehow or other if you rubbed a gold was $330 an ounce; platinum was education, the environment, and all quartz crystal a certain way it would selling for less than $400 an ounce. The the rest of it while we are giving away cure your warts and whatever else ails

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18605 you. I did not know about it. But ev- the first half certificate has been given on the floor on mining patent erybody else in America seemed to issued on, and this bill says that the claims, and that admission was that is know that these quartz crystals, people BLM will process those claims within 5 not a part of this bill. It is a subject were being told, had healing powers. years, do you know what that means? that is not entrusted to the sub- Do you know where the biggest That means that about 75 claims a year committee which I chair, or to a debate quartz crystal deposit in the United will have to be processed. Do you know over this bill. In fact, it is a subject States is? It is in the Ouachita Na- what else it means, Mr. President? that is entrusted to a committee on tional Forest in Arkansas. People were That is an abject utter impossibility. which the Senator from Arkansas down there with picks and shovels Do you know the highest number of ap- serves, in which he was on this sub- tearing the forest up. plications that have ever been proc- committee in the last Congress, when I went to Senator McClure, who was essed in the history of the world in the the political composition of this body at that time vitally interested in the BLM? Thirty-eight. Do you know who was different than it is now, and when subject. I said, ‘‘Do you mind if I pass the Secretary of Interior was? James no bill on mining claims or patents ap- a bill eliminating quartz crystals from Watt. The man the environmentalists peared or was debated on this floor. the 1872 mining law?’’ He said, ‘‘No, I loved to hate more than anybody else. But I think I particularly regret, in don’t care.’’ So I did, and in about a Do you know what the average has connection with the remarks of the week’s time. That is the fastest I have been over the past 10 years? Mr. Presi- Senator from Arkansas, his statement ever gotten anything done here since I dent, 25.7 claims a year. that he intends to vote against the bill. have been here. So why do we have a provision in As I reported earlier, this bill was Every year we get a few thousand here saying you have to do 75 a year? It passed by the Senate earlier this year dollars in Arkansas as a royalty. I for- is utterly impossible. Why do we do in its original form by a vote of 92 to 6. get how much we charge on this. But that? I will tell you why they want to The Senator from Arkansas voted for we get a royalty on all of the quartz do it. Because, if there is ever a change it. The mining patent provisions were crystals taken off, and it goes to the in the makeup of this body, this non- less favorable to his position then than Federal Treasury. I take full credit for sense is coming to a halt, and they they are now. that. If I could have gotten this whole want to get their deed before that hap- He has pointed out that the House thing taken care of by then we would pens. That is exactly why they want it moratorium on new claims, which was not have nearly as much trouble today all done in 5 years. not included in the Senate bill, is now balancing the budget as we have. I offered an amendment to say why found in this bill with the sole excep- Why do we charge coal miners 121⁄2 do not we at least make these mining tion of those claims which Congress percent for all the coal they mine off companies, who are worth billions, pay cannot constitutionally terminate Federal lands? And if you go under- the charges the Government incurs to without compensating the claimants ground to mine coal on Federal lands, process their application, which is $250 under the fifth amendment. The only you have to pay an 8 percent royalty. If an acre? If you are going to give them claims that will be processed are those you take natural gas off Federal lands, a deed for $5 an acre, surely they would so-called grandfathered claims, and you pay a 121⁄2 percent royalty. And if be charitable enough to pay $250 to the someday, whether it is 2 years or 5 you take oil off Federal lands, you pay taxpayers that they are putting out—8 years or 10 years, they will all be dis- a 121⁄2 percent royalty. But, if you take to 6 vote; the same thing. posed of. At that point, unless the Con- gold, silver, or platinum, or any other Mr. President, I do not know how it gress passes a significant reform in its hardrock mineral, you pay nothing. will all turn out. But I can tell you one mining patent laws, there will not be If I were the oil industry, I would be thing. The Bureau of Land Manage- any new claims subject to these provi- up in arms about this because when ment will not, and cannot, process 75 sions. they go out and drill an oil well they claims a year when the 10-year average So I hope the Senator from Arkansas do not know whether they are going to has been 25.7 claims. will reconsider and will support a bill hit anything or not. Mr. President, there has been an which does not move as far in his direc- Mr. President, I come to the end of awful lot written and said about lobby tion as he would like but which does this little speech saying I am going to reform. The ethics manual of the U.S. move further in the direction of the vote against the bill even though I Senate just gets thicker and thicker. policies he advocates than did the bill must confess the distinguished chair- The first thing you know you will not he voted for just a few months ago. man of the committee, who I know had be able to drive home. You will have to That, I think, illustrates a larger a very difficult time, did a tremendous take a bus at the rate we deal with point. Whatever the merits of the argu- job. I tried to pass an amendment in that around here. I do not have any ment of the Senator from Arkansas, the conference 2 days ago to put a 1.5 quarrel with that. I do not care what and, obviously, to toss about figures in percent royalty on mining on Federal the ethics requirements of this body the tens of billions of dollars as if this lands and to give half of the money to are as long as I know what they are. were the potential profits in mining—it the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Many of That is all most Senators ask for. I do would be overwhelmingly the most the western Senators, who have a lot of not care whether the value of the gift profitable business in the United Indians in their States, have convinced can be zero, $20, or $100 as long as I States—of those billions of dollars, me that the Indians are really getting know and understand the rules that we something between 90 and 99 percent, savaged under this balanced budget are supposed to live by. But having of course, will be paid to the people thing. Even the President has allowed said that, that is not the problem. The who work to separate these minerals that the Bureau of Indian Affairs is problem is the money that flows into from the ground in which they are getting shortchanged. I thought a 1.5 campaigns. You tell me I cannot allow found, which is a very expensive propo- percent royalty on this with half of it a lobbyist to buy my lunch but he can sition. going to the Bureau of Indian Affairs hand me a $5,000 check at lunch? What While I am far from being an expert might attract some people who have kind of palpable nonsense is that? in this business, I do not find it to be shed tears on this floor about the I am telling you, campaign financing a business in the United States which plight of the poor native Americans— is what drives this body. That is one of operates at a profit any larger than not one Republican vote; 8 to 6 on a the reasons we have not been able to any other business. Its costs are high. straight party-line vote. deal with the reform of the 1872 mining Those costs are, generally speaking, What else is in this bill? I wanted to law. paid out in the form of wages to people give the BLM 10 years to process the I yield the floor. who are citizens of the United States. 373 patent applications that were The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- And that, of course, is the reason that grandfathered by bill. However, the Re- ator from Washington. Senators and Members of the House of publicans—particularly the western Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, I thank Representatives from States in which Senators—were not having any of that. my distinguished colleague from Ar- these mineral deposits are located Let me tell you something, Mr. kansas for one incidental admission favor the continuation of a policy President. If we have 373 claims that during this long speech which he has which at least sees to it that there is

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18606 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 some mining industry in the United floor, and I believe that I now have an- in the bill as a result of the historic States, declining though it may be. swers, which I will state for the practice of the Appropriations Com- Personally, I think we ought to re- RECORD and for him or for his staff, if mittee and the desire of the Forest form these laws in such fashion that they are listening, and which I hope Service itself. the people of the United States do reap will satisfy each one of the questions Finally, by far the most significant some portion of the profit from min- that he has raised. amendment, about which a question erals taken from their lands. But many He raised questions concerning was raised by the Senator from Ari- feel that if we adopted the position of amendments Nos. 2, 47, 84, 101, and 104, zona, has to do with the Presidio. The the Senator from Arkansas, there sim- dealt with in the conference committee Senator points out that the Presidio, ply would not be any mining so there report. as a military reservation, has been would be no value, no profit, and no Amendments Nos. 2 and 47 go to- closed under the Base Closure Commis- jobs, no nothing. That is an appro- gether. The House appropriations bill sion activities, and he asks, essen- priate debate, and it is appropriate for on this subject appropriated $87 million tially, why it is that we are appro- the Senator from Arkansas to state his for the complete termination of the priating money for a closed military position, just as it would be for the Bureau of Mines as one of those enti- facility. now Presiding Officer to state his, rep- ties which, according to the House, was The answer, of course, is that what- resenting a State with many mines, simply to be ended. The Senate did not ever the merits and the beauty of Wil- but it is not a debate we are having agree with that position and appro- liams Air Force Base in the State of here today. It has practically nothing priated considerably more, $128 mil- Arizona, the Presidio in San Francisco to do with an appropriations bill for lion, for the continued operation of the is a totally, completely unique na- the Department of the Interior. Bureau of Mines and nine of its field fa- tional asset, a magnificent open space So I wish to pass on to other com- cilities. That is a big difference be- in one of America’s largest and most ments which have been made during tween the two bills. famous cities. the course of this debate since I last The conference committee came up So some years ago, before I became spoke, that do relate directly to this with a compromise that will close at chairman of this subcommittee, it was bill. In that connection, with neither least five of those Bureau of Mines fa- determined that the Presidio, when it the Senator from Arizona nor the Sen- cilities, but it will transfer some of the was to be closed as a military base, ator from Nevada being here, I would functions for which there was strong would become, in large measure, a na- like to share one of the interesting support in the U.S. Senate to various tional park. And the appropriation in paradoxes, sometimes frustrations, of other entities around the country. this bill is for the operation of the Pre- dealing with a bill of this sort. Those functions the Senate wished to sidio as a national park. I may say, Mr. President, that I have My friend and colleague from Arizona preserve, and continues to preserve as been bothered by this, at one level at objected that there are items in this a result of this conference committee, least. The Presidio is the most expen- bill which have not been subject to de- include health and safety research, sive single national park in the Na- bate in authorizing committees, that minerals information, materials re- tional Park System as a result of these are unauthorized expenditures, or ex- search, and minerals assessments on transfers. penditures for unauthorized matters. public lands in Alaska. So what has happened as a result of My friend, the Senator from Nevada, As a consequence, in reaching this the fiscal pressure on the National objected to the fact that there is a compromise we had to outline exactly Park System in running the Presidio is moratorium on listings under the En- what was going to happen to various that a group of citizens in the city of dangered Species Act when no such ap- facilities and to various functions, and San Francisco have gotten together propriations are authorized. Authoriza- that is what we did. It is not new mate- and have proposed a Presidio trust to tions for the enforcement of the Endan- rial. These are functions and facilities be created by the Congress. It has not gered Species Act ran out several years which would have been dealt with in been created by the Congress yet. The ago. Technically speaking, any money one way in the original House bill, a authorizing committee has not com- appropriated to enforce the Endangered different way in the original Senate pleted its work on it. The Senate has Species Act is subject to a point of bill. The compromise requires them to not debated it. order on the floor here because the act be listed. So this conference committee report has not been reauthorized. The $2 million for particular assess- says, ‘‘Well, we are appropriating The Senator from Nevada is the ments in Alaska, about which the Sen- money now directly to the National ranking minority member of the very ator raised a question, is money that Park Service.’’ We will have to help the subcommittee that deals with that sub- would have been included in the nor- Presidio trust with appropriations for ject, and the moratorium expires, by mal operation of the Bureau of Mines at least a number of years until they its own terms, on the day that the act under the Senate bill which continued have transferred this into a purely is reauthorized. So he has it, at least it, but has to be stated separately in local facility. So we are going to limit partly, in his power to see to it that order to be continued as various facili- the amount of money that the National moratorium is terminated. ties in the Bureau of Mines are closed. Park Service can spend out of our ap- There is a serious group of Sen- A similar question was raised by the propriations to one-twelfth of the ap- ators—not a majority but a significant Senator from Arizona in connection propriation for each month, with the group of Senators, as there are Mem- with amendments 101 and 104 with re- hope that the trust will succeed the bers of the House —who do not believe spect to Forest Service functions and Park Service sometime during the that we should appropriate for any un- facilities. course of this fiscal year. authorized project at all. I think the For a number of years, the Interior But the appropriation for the Pre- senior Senator from Arizona falls into Subcommittee has required approval of sidio is because it is, in fact, a part of that category, both by the remarks he boundary changes in national forests, Golden Gate National Park and is made here somewhat earlier and by the abolition of regional offices or the something which the people of the other quite similar questions that he movement or closure of Forest Service United States have determined is ap- has raised about new items being in- offices. Both the Appropriations Com- propriate to maintain. cluded in conference committee reports mittees in the two Houses and the au- The Senator from Arizona also ob- that were not included in the bill that thorizing committees have had to be jected to the amount of money appro- passed either the House or the Senate notified and had to approve of such priated for various native American together with appropriations for unau- changes. purposes, particularly to the Bureau of thorized projects. In this particular connection, there Indian Affairs, noting, however, that it I think I can say the Senator from is such a proposed change. During the is larger by more than $100 million in Arizona has found fewer questions to course of the conference committee, this bill than it was in the bill that ask in that connection of this Senator the Forest Service asked for the move originally passed the Senate. than he has of any other who is man- which is referred to here. That move I simply want to emphasize today, aging an appropriations bill on this and some of its conditions are outlined Mr. President, what I emphasized at

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18607 the time of the original debate. The re- passed overwhelmingly by this body by for forest and rangeland management, ductions for Indian activities in this a vote of 92 to 6, and I point out at the specifically the management of forest bill are lower than the reductions for same time that the objections of a and rangeland vegetation structure, any other major purpose covered by handful of Members who voted against composition, density, and related so- this bill. They are lower in the reduc- it last time and the reluctant assent of cial and economic effects.’’ It goes on tions than for any other purpose in this some of those who voted for it have to to say the scientific assessment must bill. at least have modestly been met. not contain any other material than As I said in my opening remarks, in I am sorry at this point we do not that quoted above. order to attempt to balance the budget, have the approval of the White House. During the second conference, I was we have $1.4 billion less for 1996 than It is impossible to meet the conditions unable to convince my colleagues to we had for 1995. This means less money the White House has laid out. The add a provision allowing for the study for our national endowments, for our White House just wants to spend more of fisheries and watersheds and delet- museums, for our land management ac- money, as the Senator from Missouri ing the clause limiting study. I truly tivities, the Forest Service, the Bureau said in respect to his appropriations believed my colleagues would support of Land Management, the National money. They want to spend money on this moderate attempt to allow sci- Park Service, the Department of Ener- everything. They want to borrow it. entists to provide us information to gy’s nonnuclear research activities— They do not want to pay for it them- help guide us in making scientifically right across the board. selves, but they want to spend it, and based resource management decisions. The reductions for Indian activities that is not going to happen. It is not In this latest round of conference ne- are sharply less than the 10-percent av- going to happen now; it is not going to gotiations, Chairman GORTON, too, erage reductions for everything else, happen later. In fact, the defeat or veto tried to convince the House to open up which means, of course, that the reduc- of this bill will sentence the money the scientific assessment for fisheries tions for everything else are greater. funded by it to less money than they and watershed studies. I want to thank I must confess, the distinguished sen- have in this bill, because the con- him for his efforts, which were unfortu- ior Senator from Arizona and I have a tinuing resolution, under which we are nately unsuccessful. certain philosophical difference as to operating today, has less money for Mr. President, the amendment I had whether there is literally an obligation most of these activities than does this offered only addressed one area of con- in perpetuity for the taxpayers of the bill. cern for me in this bill regarding the United States to pay for activities, So we hope that we can persuade the Columbia Basin project: that of lim- local governmental activities which ev- Executive to approve this bill to get it iting science. However, I am also very eryone else in the United States pays out of the battle of the overall budget. concerned that this report prohibits for out of their own revenues, for the I hope my colleagues will provide very the agencies from issuing a final envi- operation of tribal governments, for strong support for it, because I am con- ronmental impact statement or a police services, and the like. vinced that we have done a responsible record of decision and from selecting a I am a strong believer in self-deter- and a balanced job under very, very dif- preferred alternative in the draft envi- mination, but I think at some point at ficult circumstances. ronmental impact statement. least, the self-determination carries Mrs. MURRAY addressed the Chair. This bill also limits the ability of the with it an obligation or duty of self- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Forest Service and BLM to consult or support, and we should be at least mov- ator from Washington. conference as required under section 7 ing in that direction. Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, I yield of the Endangered Species Act. The That, however, is not the philosophy myself 10 minutes under the time allo- agencies may modify current policies behind this appropriations bill. This cated to the Senator from Arkansas. for fish protection and if they have appropriations bill makes a modest but The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- consulted on these policies in the past, real contribution toward the overriding ator is recognized. they need not do so again—even if the necessity in this country of balancing Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, I rise amendment is a drastic modification of the budget of the United States, of to say I am glad this conference report current protections. Similarly, the ceasing the practice of spending money has finally made it to the Senate floor. agencies are prohibited from consulta- we do not have and sending the bill to I know the senior Senator from Wash- tion for any projects, such as timber our children and our grandchildren. As ington, Chairman GORTON, has worked sales, if sales are based on the forest a consequence, all of the activities very hard to get it to this stage. I also plan amendment. within the jurisdiction of this sub- wish to thank Senator BYRD and his The President has indicated that he committee have less money for 1996 staff for their assistance in keeping me intends to veto this bill. One of his rea- than they had for 1995. informed and helping to move the proc- sons for doing so is the authorizing lan- Mr. President, they will have less ess forward. guage on the Columbia Basin project. I money next year than they have this My primary concern with this con- look forward to working with him and year if we do not also reform the huge ference report is its authorizing lan- Chairman GORTON to make the nec- entitlement programs which grow far guage regarding the Columbia Basin essary improvements in this language more rapidly than our economy does. ecosystem project. This important so that we can practice ecosystem- There is a relationship between these project was instituted by former based stewardship and provide a steady two. Speaker Tom Foley and Chairman HAT- stream of commodities while also pro- In that connection, Indian activities FIELD to provide a scientific foundation tecting our resources for this and fu- are taking a smaller and more modest to guide us in developing sound re- ture generations. hit than, for all practical purposes, source policies, especially regarding Let me also add that while I have fo- every other activity in this bill. fisheries management. In many areas cused the majority of my remarks on My own No. 1 priority was to try to of the Columbia Basin region, our for- the Columbia Basin project, I am also see to it that we protected our Na- ests are dying due to past timber har- concerned with several other provi- tional Park System, which is an asset vest practices, fire suppression poli- sions included in this bill. For exam- for every person in the United States, cies, and insect infestation. Our salmon ple, while an additional $50 million and the cultural institutions here in and other fisheries resources are en- were made available to the Bureau of Washington, DC, for which we have ei- dangered, due in part to land-based ac- Indian Affairs and Indian Health Serv- ther the sole or primary responsibility, tivities that impact watersheds, like ice during the last conference, the level like the National Gallery of Art, the cattle grazing, forestry, recreation, and of funding for these programs is still Smithsonian Institution, and the like. development. woefully inadequate. I think we have done so reasonably Unfortunately, this conference report The cuts to tribal priority alloca- well. intentionally limits science. It de- tions are particularly disturbing. Trib- So I terminate these remarks with mands that the Forest Service and Bu- al priority allocations represent an im- the views that I expressed earlier. I re- reau of Land Management study only portant component of Federal Indian mind my colleagues that this bill was ‘‘landscape dynamics and conditions policy. In addition to recognizing the

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18608 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 reduction in bureaucracy that self-gov- Third, our country has an Endan- snaps. Many citizens of our Nation ernance allows and the shifting of deci- gered Species Act to protect our Na- have become ill and some have even sionmaking from the Federal to the tion’s fish and wildlife from extinction. died from the heat and the cold. Yet, local level, TPA funds also represent a This bill prohibits the Fish and Wild- still we cut those programs. In the In- fundamental recognition of tribal sov- life Service from listing species as en- terior Appropriations bill, energy con- ereignty. I think it is important that dangered species. We can change our servation programs are funded at a the Federal Government recognize that minds about this bill, but we cannot level that is only 60 percent the Presi- Indian nations have the capacity, the change our minds after extinction. dent’s request and only 73 percent of responsibility, and the right to govern Fourth, last year, Congress passed a last year’s funding level. That is just themselves. The Federal Government bipartisan bill to create the California plain foolish. must also remember its historic obliga- Desert National Park by a wide mar- Mr. President, I have also spoken tions to the Indian nations as set out gin. One year later, Congress is trying time and time again about how this in the many treaties signed by the to dismantle the National Park Republican budget gives away our nat- United States and the sovereign tribes. through funding gimmicks. Furthermore, I continue to oppose Fifth, our country’s mining law is 123 ural resources without measuring long- the language preventing Washington years old. This Congress refuses to up- term budget consideration and without State tribes, specifically the Lummi date the law through the authorizing designing a long-term energy policy. Nation, from exercising their water process, and instead tries to force as Still, despite new information, num- rights. While I appreciate the willing- many giveaways through the Depart- bers that just don’t add up and many ness of Chairman GORTON to remove ment of the Interior as they can. They unexplored environmental concerns, language that would likely have de- know the American people want the Republican budget still contains railed the ongoing negotiations—nego- changes, but they are scrambling to provisions to open up the Arctic Refuge tiations, I might add, that include all get what they can while they hold back to drilling, to give oil companies roy- affected parties including the non-In- the will of the American people. alty relief for drilling in the Gulf of dian landholders and appear to be Sixth, this Administration has an ex- Mexico, and pages and pages of other going well—the language still rep- cellent record of creating new jobs provisions that just don’t make sense. resents a threat to tribal sovereignty while protecting the environment, in- This is not energy policy, this is not and sets an extremely poor precedent cluding endangered species. To con- environmental policy. This is short- for government-to-government rela- tinue this record of cutting through term gain without consideration of tions. gridlock, finding flexible solutions, and long-term loss and a jumbled-up mass Mr. President, to close, I would like moving forward, the Administration of contradictions. It just don’t make to note quickly my concerns about sev- was studying the Columbia River eral other provisions contained in this any sense. Basin. This bill says ‘‘ignorance is Mr. President, why say that our bill, including: First, the severe fund- bliss,’’ and cuts funding for science. country needs more oil and needs to ing cuts to the National Endowment There are other problems with the for the Arts and the National Endow- bill as well, some with legislative rely less on foreign supply and then ment for the Humanities; second, the issues, and some with funding. turn around and allow Alaska North attempts by this Congress to thwart One provision has to do with the Na- Slope oil to be sold to foreign coun- scientific protocol regarding the meth- tional Endowment for the Arts. The tries. Does that make sense? We need ods used to identify the threatened Supreme Court has an established more oil, but we can sell some anyway? marbled murrelet’s nests; and third, standard to judge pornography. This Mr. President, why say that our the provisions related to the Tongass bill, however, includes a vague new def- country needs more oil and needs to National Forest. inition based on the personal opinion of rely less on foreign supply and then Again, I want to thank Chairman what a few members consider dis- turn around and slash funding for the GORTON for the many improvements he gusting. Weatherization Assistance Program has made in this report. I encourage One of the most blatant funding and other conservation programs. We him to continue those efforts should problems is the energy cuts. The Presi- need more oil, but we can afford to the President veto this appropriations dent’s budget promotes national secu- bill. waste some? Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, many rity, economic progress, and environ- Why say that our country needs more Vermonters are disappointed about a mental responsibility by supporting oil but not consider ways that we could pattern in this Congress to undermine voluntary incentives for energy effi- save oil, by beginning discussions on a ciency. This bill cuts energy efficiency environmental standards through ap- long-term energy policy that will ben- funding by 38 percent, including crit- propriations and the budget process. efit every citizen of this nation, not ical programs like weatherization. Unfortunately, Congress is doing it just the oil companies. We need more Weatherization was cut by 50 percent. again in the Interior bill. oil, but lets not worry about how we Vice President GORE pointed out that Let me list just a few of the measures use it? that were added to this bill which are with the President’s budget we could direct attacks on the environment save more energy than could be drilled Mr. President, this is all just smoke using the indirect appropriations proc- from the Arctic National Wildlife Ref- and mirrors. This country needs a long- ess. These are items which have not re- uge. term energy policy and this country ceived hearings, authorizing com- The pattern is clear and persistent. needs to have policies and budgets that mittee deliberation, or open floor de- Environmental funding and environ- are not a mass of contradictions. Our bate. mental laws are the first to go. Our natural resources are the last thing we First, a group of Alaskans asked the natural resources cannot endure this should play with. I will be voting Forest Service to update the environ- kind of abuse. Pollution, extinction, against this bill. degradation, and abuse are not prob- mental study for a large timber sale EXTERNALLY FIRED COMBINED CYCLE FUNDING which was being reoffered for a second lems that we can easily fix, if at all. time. The judge agreed with the Alas- The American people do not want Mr. COHEN. Senator SNOWE and I kans that an updated study would be this, and soon Congress will learn would like to bring to the attention of worthwhile. This Congress overrules about their opposition. But until then, the chairman an important Fossil En- the judge. and propelled by this bill, the abuse ergy Program within the Department Second, the Forest Service has been and neglect continues. of Energy. The Department has initi- working on a forest plan for the Mr. WELLSTONE. Mr. President, I ated a demonstration project to Tongass National Forest for several have spoken time and time again about repower Pennsylvania Electric’s War- years amidst annual meddling from the the cuts in this Republican budget to ren Station utilizing externally fired Appropriations Committee and Con- low-income heating, energy, and combined cycle technology. The pur- gress. In this bill, Congress dictates its weatherization assistance programs pose of this program is to develop a choice for forest management, and that help the most needy in our coun- commercially viable use for this tech- forces it upon the resource profes- try. Throughout this year we have seen nology. A 20-member consortium, con- sionals and people of the region. horrible heat waves and horrible cold sisting of utilities, private industry,

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18609 State energy organization, foreign or- sponsibility for identifying funds to Service planning expenditures at a ganizations, and the Department’s maintain such operations would lie fraction of typical planning costs for a Morgantown Energy Technology Cen- with the TCRC and/or the partners in- new National Park, and imposes an un- ter, has spent 8 years and $34 million to terested in seeing this facility remain realistic deadline for completion of a develop the EFCC technology. open. To the extent authorities exist plan which will limit the congression- This technology is based on a ce- for the Department of the Interior to ally mandated public involvement in ramic heat exchanger that can dra- accept donations or contributions that the planning process. matically increase the amount of elec- might be offered to keep the facility On these grounds along, Mr. Presi- tricity generated from burning coal. open, they may be used. If the Depart- dent, this conference report should be This ceramic technology produces 20 ment were to identify other funds that vetoed. percent more electricity per pound of might be available to assist in this, or ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT MORATORIUM coal than conventional steam power similar efforts, they would be subject This report prohibits adding new spe- plants and, as a result, it can signifi- to the normal reprogramming guide- cies to the endangered species list and cantly reduce pollution and the cost of lines. prohibits designation of critical habi- power. It could be used to update aging I would ask the chairman—if the au- tat for listed species. It also prohibits power plants across the United States. thorities exist that would allow funds the monitoring of listed species which According to the Washington Post, this to be made available for the purposes is an important part of the recovery technology ‘‘appears to place the described, would the interested parties process. United States in the forefront in devel- be able to consider such a scenario? A moratorium will harm our Nation Mr. GORTON. The Senator has iden- oping high-temperature ceramics’’ for and my State of California. Of the tified a possible scenario. The Depart- industrial applications, overtaking more than 100 species currently pro- ment is able to do whatever it can international competitors. posed for listing which would be denied within existing authorities, subject to Ms. SNOWE. Earlier this year, the protection under this moratorium, the availability of funds. However, it Department provided funding to begin more than half are from California. should be understood that any funds to testing the technology, which is crit- Mr. President, on average, endan- be provided for this purpose must be ical to demonstrate the commercial vi- gered plant species have fewer than 120 from new agreements. Any funds re- ability of the project. However, $4.3 individuals left by the time they are maining from prior or existing agree- million is now needed to complete listed; animal species are reduced to ments with other parties and the Bu- these tests, which are currently sus- fewer than 1,200 individuals by the time reau of Mines are required for shut- pended until further funding becomes of listing—a 6-month moratorium down costs. The Senator should also available. Consortium members expect could see valuable species go extinct understand that to the extent similar the program to be commercially viable for no reason. I don’t see why should scenarios may apply at other Bureau after completion of the testing. I un- we wait months and months while we facilities, this Senator expects the Sec- derstand that in addition to coal, the lose flora and fauna that may cure can- retary to give equal consideration to heat exchange technology could be ap- cer and alzheimers. Why should we the needs of those facilities and the plicable to other types of power pro- wait while species get closer to extinc- communities in which they are located. duction, such as bioenergy. tion, creating more complicated and While some private money has been Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, I strong- ly oppose this conference report, many expensive problems that will have to be located to continue the tests, funding solved when the moratorium is lifted? from the Department is necessary to aspects of which I find deeply trou- bling. I am gratified that the President The real agenda here is a piecemeal restart the testing. If the testing can- dismantling of the act. This is one not be completed, the $26.5 million al- has stated that he will veto the con- ference report. At this time, I would more back door move by Republicans ready provided by the Federal Govern- to weaken the Endangered Species Act ment and the $7.5 million contributed like to mention just a few of the most objectionable provisions. in the face of 77 percent of Americans by the Consortium will have been wast- who support maintaining or strength- THE MOJAVE NATIONAL PARK PRESERVE ed. ening the Endangered Species Act. Senator COHEN and I understand that The provisions in this bill on the Mo- the chairman of the Interior Sub- jave National Park Preserve are an af- TONGASS NATIONAL FOREST committee shares our interest in this front to the people of California and to The Tongass National Forest is the project and believes that the Depart- the intent of Congress which was clear- last intact rainforest in North Amer- ment should make an effort, within its ly stated when we passed the California ica. This conference allows and pro- budget constraints, to try to ensure Desert Protection Act last year. The motes subsidized logging in extremely that the testing is completed. management of this land as a park pre- ecologically sensitive areas. Mr. GORTON. The Senators from serve is supported by 84 percent of Cali- The Tongass provisions in the bill are Maine are correct. This promising fornians. Every major newspaper in the unacceptable. They will require that an technology could be very beneficial to State, including the San Francisco outdated and scientifically discredited improving electricity generation in Chronicle, Los Angeles Times, San timber harvesting can be implemented this country. Diego Union Tribune, and San in the national forest for the next 2 Mr. COHEN. We thank the distin- Bernadino Sun has voiced its support years. This will result in logging at a a guished chairman for his assistance on for the preserve and its strong opposi- rate that is 100 million board feet over this important matter. tion to efforts to strangle the preserve the historical average—that is logging TWIN CITIES RESEARCH CENTER out of existance. at a rate of 418 million board feet per Mr. WELLSTONE. Mr. President, I find this situation strange, in that year. The Forest Service has rejected thank the managers of the bill for their it appears that there was only one this plan because it allows logging at help in providing the Twin Cities Re- member of the conference who pushed unsustainable and environmentally de- search Center [TCRC] a smooth transi- to defund the preserve. The previous structive levels. tion from Bureau of Mines facility to conference report defunded the pre- MINING non-Federal entity. The Minnesota serve and gave the Park Service $1 to We have been trying to reform the congressional delegation and the TCRC operate it—clearly just a back door at- 1872 Mining Law for many years and it have been working to facilitate this tempt to close one of our largest na- is difficult to comprehend how year in transition, and would like to ask the tional parks through the appropria- and year out, the U.S. Congress con- chairman about the following scenario. tions process. To add injury to insult, tinues to allow our taxpayers to lose The TCRC would be able to continue this new conference report has added thousands of acres of Federal lands and operations within the Department of additional restrictions on Park Service billions of dollars in Federal revenue— the Interior until June 30, 1996 or until management of the new 1.4 million mostly to foreign-owned mining com- such time as a transfer of the facility acre preserve that would prevent the panies. My distinguished colleague to a university or government entity is Park Service from conducting planning Senator BUMPERS has led the debate in completed, whichever is sooner. The re- activities. It imposes a cap on Park favor of reform for over 7 years, and

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18610 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 this morning he again laid out his dev- Forest management plan for an addi- been a very difficult one this year. As astatingly effective critique of the tional 2 years, thus prohibiting an up- he stated, he has had a substantial re- moratorium language in this con- date to the unsustainable timber sale duction in the amount of money avail- ference report and the sham reform levels it mandates. Additional riders able to him. He has done a fantastic that is included in the Republican would prove harmful to the environ- job. There are areas here where we budget reconciliation bill. ment by placing a moratorium on fu- have serious concern. I think anyone in Since 1872, we have given away more ture listings and critical habitat des- the Senate has serious concerns over than 3.2 million acres. For how much? ignations under the Endangered Spe- areas that affect their States directly. For the price of $2.50 an acre or at a cies Act. All of the agencies in the Department maximum $5 dollars an acre, and not a Another provision would require of Interior have substantial impact on nickel in royalties. Over $250 billion wasting energy by preventing the De- Alaska, and we know that funding is worth of minerals have been taken off partment of Energy’s implementation being restrictive. There is a general de- that land and the U.S. taxpayer has in of new energy efficiency standards for cline now in the amount of taxpayers’ return received a mining site clean up an additional year. funds available to run these entities, bill for between $30 and $70 billion. This The ideological fervor of the Repub- and I view that with great regret. conference report will allow it to con- licans who now control the Congress However, I also know that we are tinue. has manifest itself in heavy cuts to the committed to a balanced budget, and BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS National Endowment for the Arts and some of these steps have to be taken so Affairs some funding for the Bureau the National endowment for the Hu- we can eliminate the constant growth of Indian Affairs [BIA] has been re- manities. of interest on the national debt. That stored, the amount still falls short of It is my hope that the President will interest now, this next year will be the levels needed to maintain these im- veto this bill so that the conferees can larger than the amount of money that portant programs. Critically important work toward a package that provides is available to spend for the national funding for the Bureau of Indian Af- sufficient funding for environmentally defense of this country. fairs must be restored, and it must beneficial programs and strips the en- I do manage that defense bill, and I occur without pitting these programs vironmentally harmful legislative rid- am appalled we are spending more against other important Department of ers. money next year on interest than we Interior programs. Additional BIA We can and must do better than this. will spend on the defense of our coun- funds are needed to support essential We must not and the President will not try, but there is no alternative but to tribal government activities, law en- capitulate to the tactic of the Repub- pay the interest on the debt that is forcement, housing improvement, gen- licans who now control the Congress to due. That is why we are laboring so eral assistance, Indian child welfare hold hostage the funding for our na- hard to try and find a way to reverse programs, adult vocation training, tional parks and public lands until that trend and hopefully reach the day road maintenance, and other basic res- they are permitted to abolish or emas- when the interest starts coming down, ervation services. I urge my colleagues culate vital environmental protections when we can start making funds avail- to pay special attention to this issue. that have withstood previous head-on able to these very necessary functions INTERIOR APPROPRIATIONS CONFERENCE challenges. such as those of the Department of In- REPORT I hope, after this bill is vetoed, the terior. Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, today I Congress will get down to serious, good I am particularly concerned right am voting against the conference re- faith negotiations to develop a reason- now about the comments that have port on the Interior appropriations bill able interior appropriations bill which been made by the Senator from Ari- and I would urge the President to veto can be passed with broad support and zona concerning the money that is ear- this bill should it reach his desk. signed into law. marked here for the Bureau of Land This conference agreement is the Mr. STEVENS addressed the Chair. Management to do mineral assess- third attempt by the conferees who The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ments that were formerly done by the have been meeting on this bill since ator from Alaska. Bureau of Mines. The situation that we September. Despite their difficult chal- Mr. STEVENS. Acting for the leader, had, Mr. President, was this: When this lenge and tremendous effort, regret- I ask unanimous consent that the vote bill was before the Senate, the Senate tably, it is far from an acceptable com- on the adoption of the conference re- did not zero out the Bureau of Mines. promise. I have particular problems port to accompany H.R. 1977, the Inte- The House bill did mandate the clo- with the funding level for the Depart- rior appropriations bill, occur at the sure of the Bureau of Mines. When we ment of Energy’s energy conservation hour of 2 p.m. today. I further ask that got to conference and realized that the programs, the National Endowment for at 3 p.m., the Senate turn to S. 908. It funding was so limited, we had to take the Arts and the National Endowment is my understanding this has been action suggested by the House—action for the Humanities and numerous ob- cleared. I really regret. The Bureau of Mines jectionable legislative riders. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there has been a very vital function for the Energy conservation, like pollution objection? The Chair hears none, and it Federal Government, but it has been prevention, makes good business and is so ordered. agreed now to close that Bureau. economic sense. It saves production Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I de- I pointed out to the conferees that costs and conserves resources and it is lete the last request with regard to S. under section 1010 of the Alaska Na- clearly the best of all energy options. 908, and I ask unanimous consent that tional Interest Lands Conservation Unfortunately, the conferees have it be rescinded. Act—we call that ANILCA, an act funded this important work at a level The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without passed by the Congress in 1980—over 100 well below that which the President objection, it is so ordered. million acres of Alaska lands were set and others have requested, and which The vote on the pending legislation side. Congress recognized that there is $187 million below the 1995 enacted then is set at 2 p.m. this afternoon. had to be an assessment of lands that level. The $536 million budget is a 26- Mr. STEVENS. That is correct. At 2 were to be patented to the State and percent reduction from the 1995 en- p.m., we will vote on the pending con- Federal governments, and an assess- acted level and a 38-percent cut from ference report. ment of these lands were set aside to the President’s request. Mr. President, with the consent of the extent possible. That is required, as The conference committee added nu- the distinguished chairman of the Ap- I said, under section 1010 of the Alaska merous legislative riders to the bill propriations Subcommittee, I yield National Interest Lands Act. that have serious policy implications, myself such time as I need to comment We have requested that this money yet these were added without the ben- on this report. be earmarked so that the people who efit of congressional hearings or public Mr. President, I first want to start formerly worked for the Bureau of input. off by commending my good friend Mines and were performing the assess- One of the most egregious riders from Washington, my southern neigh- ments required by law that have to be would set in stone the current Tongass bor. I think Senator GORTON’s task has made prior to the transfer of lands,

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18611 that they will be made under the direc- from stories and concerns that I have kota. I visited that Indian boarding tion of the Bureau of Land Manage- related to the Senate previously. school about a month or two ago and ment, which does in fact have the au- I have, Mr. President, seen in offices saw the children, many of whom come thority over the lands. This was not be- folders containing reports of child sex- from very troubled backgrounds, and I hind closed doors. We had a provision ual abuse and physical abuse which read some of the letters they had writ- in the Senate bill, had we maintained were stacked on the floor and had not ten when they came to school. One 13- it, that all of the people performing even been investigated because there year-old girl, her dream was a very Bureau of Mines functions in Alaska was not enough money to investigate simple thing, that maybe at Christmas, would remain on the payroll. What we them. We are talking about 3-year-old, some Christmas, she would be able to have done is maintained the funds for 5-year-old, 8-year-old children who have a mother and a father and a sister the absolutely essential minimum re- have been victims of alleged physical and a brother together to celebrate. Of quirement of the law, which is to do or sexual abuse. The cases had not even course, in her circumstance, it will not these mineral assessments formerly been investigated. You may ask why. happen. It has never happened. It will under the Bureau of Mines, which will Well, because the people in charge of not happen in the future. That was her be done under the Bureau of Land Man- investigating the reports simply do not dream. Very simple. A lot of kids agement until the job is completed. have the resources. They say, ‘‘These dream for material things, but she I believe that that is a necessary reports are stacked up and we have not wanted a home where a mother, father, function of the conference committee. been able to deal with them. We do not brother, and sister would be able to Having acceded to the House provision, have the capability. We are over- spend Christmas with her. the Senate demanded that the min- whelmed.’’ The point I make is that we suffer imum function required in my State to There are stories that break your some very serious, troubling problems be maintained is earmarked at $2 mil- heart when you hear them. I have told on Indian reservations with respect to lion in this bill to continue that. That the Senate the story that got me inter- child abuse and with respect to pov- erty, health challenges and other will be a requirement through coming ested in this issue. It is a story of a things. This piece of legislation, Mr. years that we maintain those funds, young girl named Tamara DeMaris. Ta- President, simply does not adequately and I intend to do every thing I can to mara was 3 years old when she was placed in a foster home. But the person address those issues. see to it that the Senate will maintain Mr. President, I remember touring a who placed Tamara in her foster home that constant. hospital some while ago and holding in Mr. President, there is another very was handling 150 different cases. And my arms a little baby who had been vital matter in this bill that pertains with few resources and one person han- born prematurely. A Native American dling 150 cases, guess what happened? A to my State, and that is under the ad- had come to the hospital to give birth. 3-year-old child gets placed in a foster ministrative provisions for the Forest Her blood alcohol content when she home that turns out to be an unsafe Service, this bill retains language per- checked in was 0.23. The baby, upon home for a 3-year-old. This is a foster taining to the Tongass forest in south- birth, had a blood alcohol content of eastern Alaska. I regret that it is nec- home where they have a drunken 0.21. The mother wanted nothing to do essary to continue doing this. I want party, and during this drunken party, with the baby. She did not want to see the Senate to know that this is not the this little 3-year-old child gets beaten the baby. Think about the con- provision that the Senate voted on; up. Her nose is broken, her arm is bro- sequences of this: Someone showing up this is a provision that has been sub- ken, and her hair is pulled out by the to deliver a baby with a 0.23 blood alco- stantially modified in conference. roots. This is a 3-year-old child, who is hol content and delivering a baby with Mr. DORGAN addressed the Chair. our responsibility, who was placed in a 0.21 blood alcohol content. It is likely The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- foster home, and the result is that she the baby will suffer from fetal alcohol ator from North Dakota. is beaten because nobody checked to syndrome. Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, let me see whether this was a foster home The same hospital showed me just be- claim time under the time reserved for where a young child ought to be placed. fore I was at the nursery the space those in opposition to the conference On that reservation, there are more where the carpenters had prepared for report. people now doing the checking to see a new device. They were, I believe, get- Mr. President, I listened with great what kind of foster homes are available ting an MRI, a device that is breath- interest today to the comments by and whether they are safe places to put taking. It can look through the human Senator MCCAIN. I find myself in a young people. I am glad that this has body to see what is inside. Here, 200 similar circumstance. I commend Sen- happened. It happened as a result of my feet apart, is an example of the most ator GORTON and others who have intervention and the intervention of breathtaking success in health care worked on this legislation. I do not others to get additional resources. and the most tragic human failure. come here with ill will toward those But the experience of this young Ta- How do we respond to all of these who have tried to put together a com- mara DeMaris is not all that unusual, things? How do we deal with them all? promise. But I do feel very strongly regrettably. I will never forget when I Some say you cannot throw money at that we find ourselves with respect to met this little girl. You look into her it. I do not disagree with that. On the the appropriations available in some eyes and wonder whether the scars other hand, with respect to children, critical areas, dealing with some very from the beating will ever go away, and with respect to babies and 3-year-olds vulnerable people, short of what is know that the beating occurred be- and 5-year-olds and 13-year-olds, with needed. Again, I do not intend to be cause we did not make sure that we respect to those kids who are born of critical of those who have worked on would have enough resources to pro- circumstances that they did not create, this compromise. I understand the vide for her protection. Three year olds we must, it seems to me, in this legis- competing needs involved, and they cannot take care of themselves. It is lation give them an opportunity, give reached a different conclusion than I not their fault if they are born into them a fighting chance, deal with their might have, a different conclusion than poverty. It is not their fault if they are health care needs, provide protection Senator MCCAIN said he would have born into a situation where there is no to make sure that foster homes are reached. For that reason, he intends to family structure. It is not their fault safe. oppose the conference report. I am that they are going to be placed in a We must do that, and I regret to say going to oppose the conference report foster home by someone. It is not their this legislation simply falls too short. I for the same reason. fault that someone commits sexual voted for this bill when it left the Sen- Let me be more specific. I am very abuse or violence against them. But it ate, hoping that maybe when we got to concerned about an area of spending is our responsibility to try to protect conference we would still have an op- dealing with Indian children. That con- those kids. portunity to work out some approach cern stems from a substantial amount We are not doing enough about it. that would provide enough resources to of observation by me of the Indian res- The resources do not exist in this piece deal with the needs of Indian children. ervations in North Dakota and else- of legislation to deal with it. We have I conclude, having looked at the con- where, from hearings that I have held, an Indian boarding school in North Da- ference report, pretty much the same

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18612 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 as the Senator from Arizona, Senator Bay are the same arguments prevailing Interior to move forward under the ex- MCCAIN, has concluded. It simply falls today against opening ANWR. The only isting law. The remaining 330,000 min- short. We have to do better. I hope difference is we have learned how to de- ing claims holders would have to prove that, although I intend to vote against velop the Arctic in the last quarter of that they have a ‘‘vested possessory this conference report, when we ap- a century, and, as a consequence, we property right.’’ If they do not have proach this funding bill again next can apply advance technology to do a that right, they are subject to the new spring, working in good faith with good better job, making a smaller footprint. law. people, that those who put this kind of That is not the policy of this adminis- For the first time in history, we es- legislation together will understand tration. The administration’s policy is tablish an abandoned mine land fund to that there really is no higher priority to constrict resource development. start the process of cleaning up old for us than to meet our responsibility Where have all our high-paying blue- abandoned mines. We maintain the ex- to children. Children cannot take care collar jobs gone? They have been ex- isting $100 per claim holding fee for 3 of themselves. We have certain trust ported overseas. years and then double the fees to $200 responsibilities to meet. In my judg- As I mentioned earlier, today’s de- per claim starting in 1999. ment, we have not met them. bate is about politics, not policy. I Mr. President, the Congressional Mr. President, with that I yield the hope that my colleagues will see Budget Office’s score over 7 years is ap- floor. through this smokescreen. proximately $157 million. As new mines Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I Mr. President, I urge my colleagues come into production this figure will thank the Chair. I remind the Presi- to consider the DOI conference report significantly increase. dent that it is the holiday season and on its merits. An awful lot of effort and What is the administration’s pro- as the song goes—tis the season to be time has gone into the bill. Senator posal? Mr. President, they have no pro- jolly. Unfortunately, my good friend GORTON put together a good bill. There posal. Secretary Babbitt continues to from Arkansas, as he described the were problems with the House, but ul- demand mining law reform, yet he of- mining law provisions in the Interior timately he put together what I think fers no solution. The administration bill, did not follow the holiday spirit. I is an acceptable compromise. has failed to submit a proposal to Con- think he may have construed the holi- Earlier today, my friend Senator gress this year. In fact, instead of supporting mining day season with the Grinch of Christ- BUMPERS talked about the mining law law reform legislation, the President’s mas, or something of that nature, but provisions in the budget reconciliation budget calls for the elimination of the clearly his description of the legisla- package. To hear his view, it is a giant percentage depletion allowance for tion was not in the holiday spirit. sellout of American resources to a few I think it is fair to say that his com- mining companies. I want to clear up a hard-rock mining—a multi-billion-dol- ments were hardly constructive toward few misunderstandings, because you lar budget bombshell that will cost sev- enacting mining law reform, and might have to recognize that this industry eral billion dollars, and thousands of jobs. even be construed to be destructive. As provides good-paying jobs which pro- According to the administration, this the President is aware, today’s 6-hour vide a solid tax base. Looking at the royalty provision would save roughly $954 million over 10 debate on the fiscal year 1996 DOI con- under the proposal sent to the Presi- years—in effect, place a $1 billion-plus ference report is, in the opinion of the dent, for the first time in history in burden on the Nation’s miners. Once Senator from Alaska, a good deal about this legislation, miners are required to again, the White House has singled out politics and very little about policy. pay a 5 percent net proceeds royalty. the mining industry for punishment. Many of our friends on the other side of During good market conditions, if an Why? the aisle see the environment as a po- operation is making a profit, they pay Its the latest assault in Secretary of litical issue and are prepared to do just a royalty. During bad market condi- Interior Babbitt’s and the administra- about everything to exploit the issue. tions, if an operation is losing money, tion’s war on the West on hard-working Unfortunately, in their effort to win they do not pay a royalty. The signifi- people and their jobs. Make no mistake political points with the media they cance of the mining industry—it is a about it, they are singling out the are destroying our natural resource in- world competitive market out there— hard-rock mining industry for termi- dustries. I think we should look at you either compete with South Amer- nation. what has happened. A portion of our re- ica, Brazil, Australia, on a world mar- Oil, gas, and coal jobs are not put in source industry and the jobs that go ket price or you do not compete at all. jeopardy at this time, however, the with it are being destroyed. We are In other words, Mr. President, we are camel’s nose is under the tent. It is driving those jobs overseas. We are in- trying to provide incentives for opera- only a matter of time until the admin- creasing our balance of payment def- tors to stay in production, to keep our istration uses the Tax Code to go after icit. U.S. jobs, these high-paying union jobs oil, gas, and the coal industry. Take for example, the Department of that keep people working and provide a Mr. President, the hard-rock mining the Interior’s attitude toward resource local and Federal tax base. industry provides 120,000 direct and in- development. They oppose it. Mining, And I would encourage the unions in direct jobs nationwide. This proposal coal, oil and gas, timber, grazing, all of this country that are dependent in the could eliminate 60,000 to 70,000 of those these resource activities on public resource industry to look behind this jobs. lands are opposed by this administra- smokescreen to what this administra- The administration is using the envi- tion. As a result, the administration is tion is really attempting to do with re- ronment as a political issue. The de- forcing us to import many of these re- source development jobs—mining of bate is not about policy. It is about sources from overseas. any kind, hard-rock, coal, you name it. politics. The greatest portion of our balance They do not want anything to happen I urge my colleagues to see through of payments deficit, Mr. President, is on public land. This attitude will not this smokescreen and vote on the facts. the cost of imported oil. What is the create jobs. If we can send a man to the Moon, we administration doing to encourage ex- Patents—for the first time in history can surely develop our natural re- ploration in areas such as ANWR? In miners would be required to pay fair sources and protect our environment. my State of Alaska, geologists tell us market value for patented land. There On the matter of the Tongass, Mr. ANWR is the most likely prospect for a would be a reverter for the first time in President, I commend my good friend major oil discovery. Unfortunately, history—that patented land used for and senior colleague, Senator STEVENS, this administration opposes any explo- nonmining purposes reverts back to and those who have worked so hard to ration in this area. As many of you the Federal Government. So there is no get approval in the conference. know, my State of Alaska has contrib- speculation. There are no ski resorts The conferees have significantly uted 25 percent of the total domestic built under the idea that you get a pat- modified the provision dealing with the crude oil produced in the United States ent for mining and then use it for management of the Tongass National for the last 18 years. something else. Forest to fully respond to administra- The arguments prevailing in the We protect property rights by allow- tion concerns. In the original amend- early 1970’s against opening Prudhoe ing the pending patent applications at ment, the administration objected to:

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18613 First, sufficiency language; second, the pothesis capable of proof or disproof, of these areas are in the forest, and the dictate to follow a forest plan that the preparation of a study plan designed to people living in this area have hopes administration believes is superseded collect accurate data to test the hy- that this legislation will maintain by more recent information; and third, pothesis; collection and analysis of the their industry at a modest level. imposing a permanent ban on the de- data in conformance with the study Finally, Mr. President, I urge that velopment of wildlife habitat conserva- plan; and confirmation, modification realism dictate the evaluation of these tion areas. or denial of the hypothesis based upon matters by the Department of Interior. The new amendment agreed to by the peer-reviewed analysis of the collected They suggest that the Queen Charlotte conferees contains none of these three data. That the data used shall be from goshawk and the Alexander Archi- requirements. It allows operations on southeast Alaska ecosystem. The cur- pelago wolf might be endangered as a the Tongass National Forest to con- rent TLMP revision process underway consequence of logging. It is absolutely tinue under the current Tongass land does not meet these standards and without any scientific fact of any kind, management plan [TLMP]. Further, it should be modified in the 2-year time and is simply a bogus excuse. They directs that revision and amendment of period provided by this amendment. have already been ruled as not subject the TLMP continue. The amendment also includes lan- to the Endangered Species Act because The new amendment reaffirms the guage to release timber enjoined by the they are not threatened. But they keep compromise embodied in the 1990 ninth circuit court because the Forest bringing this matter up. Tongass Timber Reform Act [TTRA] by Service had not conducted an environ- Mr. President, we have a season on requiring that for the next 2 years, any mental analysis when allowing the wolves. We allow the taking of wolves. change to the TLMP shall maintain at transfer of sales from one long-term They are predators. If they were least the number of suitable available timber contract holder (the Alaska scarce, obviously, that would be the and suitable scheduled acres of timber Pulp Corp.) to another (Ketchikan Pulp first thing to go. But the Secretary of land and allowable sale quantity as Co.). Previously, Congress passed sec- the Interior puts this smokescreen up that identified in the preferred alter- tion 503 of Public Law 104–14 which said and suggests that the wolves and the native of the October 1992 final TLMP that the transfer of sales should be au- timber do not mix, and it is absolutely (alternative P). The regional forester, thorized, notwithstanding the require- based on no scientific fact. at that time, developed alternative P ments of the National Environmental Alaskans simply cannot understand as the best way to manage the Tongass Policy Act [NEPA] and the Alaska Na- it. And the only effort they are making National Forest implementing the tional Interest Lands Conservation Act in the evaluation of the goshawk is not compromise of the 1990 legislation. [ANILCA]. to find out how many are in the forest. Subsequently, litigation from environ- The ninth circuit subsequently deter- They simply look at the next proposed mental groups has undermined the mined on September 28, that section area to be logged and use the wolf or compromise. 503 or the rescissions bill did not alter the goshawk to block development. Unfortunately, the ninth circuit the legal basis for the court’s original There is no substantiation to suggest court has ruled that the 1990 act’s re- decision. The court stated that section that the goshawk is endangered either. quirement to seek to meet market de- 503 reflected the ‘‘mistaken view that But it just drives me crazy to see mand for timber is merely hortatory the dispute involves the changing of these false excuses coming out of this and not binding on the Forest Service parties to a contract.’’ The court said department that knows better, and as are numerous other statutory obli- that, since the alternatives described they admit they know better. But they will use any excuse at any time to ad- gations. More recently, on October 19, in the environmental impact statement dress an emotional argument. Alaska District Court Judge, James were driven by Alaska Pulp Corpora- I yield the floor. Singleton, ruled that based upon the tion’s [APC] contract, NEPA and I wish the President a good day. ninth circuit’s reasoning, the balancing ANILCA required a new set of alter- I see my good friend from West Vir- mechanisms of the 1990 Act are not a natives in order for the Forest Service ginia seeks recognition. I wish him a binding duty. Rather they are merely a to reoffer the timber to third parties good day as well. Congressional admonition to be (because the Forest Service was no Mr. BYRD addressed the Chair. factored into the mix of Forest Service longer under an obligation to sell the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- goals. Judge Singleton then held that timber to anyone). Accordingly, the ator from West Virginia. ‘‘the absence of any enforceable duty’’ ninth circuit held that section 503 Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I thank my denies plaintiffs (the State of Alaska failed to address the legal significance friend from Alaska. He is always most and the Alaska Forest Association) of the termination of APC’s contract generous in his comments concerning standing to challenge Forest Service by focusing solely on the fact that the other Senators. He has always been decisions, and that plaintiffs will not sales were transferred from one party very kind, and as is his characteristic receive relief ‘‘unless congress inter- to another. way, he is always cooperative and cour- venes in a more forcefully way.’’ By saying that ‘‘the change of pur- teous toward me. I appreciate his The amendment meets this challenge chasers for whatever reason shall not friendship. And I am glad to have him from the courts by imposing a nondis- be considered a significant new cir- as my colleague. cretionary obligation on the Forest cumstance,’’ the amendment in this Mr. President, today the Senate is fi- Service to maintain a land base suit- bill makes it clear that, even though nally able to undertake its consider- able for timber production and result- the change of purchasers is due to the ation of the conference report on H.R. ing allowable sale quantity as indi- termination of the long term sale, the 1977, the FY 1996 Department of the In- cated in alternative P, thus restoring transfer to third parties is covered by terior and Related Agencies appropria- the 1990 compromise and establishing a the language in the bill. The language tions bill. This bill has been to con- binding duty to maintain the timber says that it will not be legally signifi- ference on three occasions, as a result land base. The Forest Service has flexi- cant no matter what reason the Forest of two different votes to recommit the bility to work within a number of ad- Service makes for the transfer. conference report by the House. How- ministrative land use designations to I urge the administration to recog- ever, we now have a product that has harmonize this duty with other statu- nize the good faith negotiations that passed the House and I hope that the tory obligations or agency goals. resulted in this compromise, and to Senate will be able to provide its ap- The conference agreement makes it sign the Interior appropriations bill. proval expeditiously. For the informa- clear that any revision, amendment, or To do otherwise would be to destroy tion of Senators, this conference report modification shall be based on the ap- the small kernel of hope that this pro- and accompanying statement of the plication of the scientific method and vision will bring to the people of south- managers appeared in the CONGRES- sound, verifiable scientific data. Data east Alaska who live in the forest. Be- SIONAL RECORD on December 12, 1995, on is sound, verifiable and scientific only cause there is no State forest, there is pages H14288 through H14309. when it is collected and analyzed using no private land. These people live in The agreements before the Senate the scientific method. The scientific the forest—Ketchikan, Wrangell, Pe- today total $12.234 billion in budget au- method requires the statement of a hy- tersburg, Juneau, Sitka, Skagway. All thority, and $13.210 billion in outlays,

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18614 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 as scored by the Congressional Budget another chairman of the subcommittee mestic discretionary spending appears Office. The Subcommittee has had its has been a better chairman than he, headed in the coming years. 602(b) allocation increased by the Full the Senator speaking, has been. I say Mr. President, I would like to high- Committee in order to provide an addi- that ungrudgingly. And, of course, it light some of the items in the con- tional $50 million for Indian programs, has to come from my heart. So I con- ference agreement. which has been an area of concern to gratulate Senator GORTON. I commend The subcommittee has attempted to numerous Senators, as well as to the him. protect the operational base of the administration. The Bible says, ‘‘Seest thou a man agencies funded in the bill, while at the The recommendations of this con- diligent in his business? He shall stand same time these agencies are having to ference agreement represent a total de- before kings.’’ Senator GORTON is dili- take their share of administrative and crease below the amounts provided in gent in his business, and we are fortu- personnel reductions. In order to pro- fiscal year 1995 of approximately $1 bil- nate to have him as our chairman. tect the operating accounts, more sig- lion in budget authority and $822 mil- Of course, I hope the day will come nificant reductions were taken in the lion in outlays. Thus, when all of the when I will again be chairman of the land acquisition and construction ac- various scorekeeping adjustments are subcommittee. I look forward to that counts. factored in, this bill is about 8 percent day. I hope it is not too far away. But, Funding for Indian programs under below current levels. in the meantime, my words stand as the jurisdiction of the Interior Sub- This conference report reflects the they have been spoken. committee is reduced by 4 percent very difficult choices imposed upon the So he has mastered the complexities below the FY 1994 level. These reduc- Appropriations Committee this year as of the public lands and other issues tions are taken primarily from the dis- a result of the constrained funding for that confound this bill year after year. cretionary activities of the Bureau of domestic discretionary spending pro- He has been most considerate of me Indian Affairs, in order to protect edu- vided in the budget resolution. Nearly and of other Senators throughout this cation and health care for Indians, every single agency in this bill is fund- appropriations process. He cannot do which also fall under the jurisdiction of ed at a level well below the fiscal year everything for everybody. He cannot do this subcommittee. The conference 1995 enacted level. Significant per- everything for anybody. He cannot do agreement restores $112 million to the sonnel reductions will result due to everything he would like for himself. Bureau of Indian Affairs from the Sen- various program terminations or But I thank him for his courtesies. He ate-passed level. Total funding in the bill for the Land restructurings recommended in the In- has been most deferential and generous and Water Conservation Fund is $140 terior bill this year. The picture might to me. million, a level 40 percent below the FY be prettier if we had more money, but Mr. President, I hope that the Senate 1995 amount. No project specific ear- we do not have more money. Further will act to support this conference re- marks are included for land acquisi- cuts in domestic discretionary spend- port. As I have already said, it is the tion. The conferees direct the adminis- ing contemplated by the President in third conference report on the bill. tration to propose projects for consid- his most recent budget proposal make While changes have been made from eration, subject to the committee’s re- it likely that additional cuts in the the earlier conferences, the adminis- tration continues to voice concerns programming guidelines. outyears for the programs in this bill Total funding for construction in the about some of the provisions, particu- will be necessary. So next year will be land management agencies is reduced larly the legislative language in the slimmer than this year. by nearly 20 percent below last year’s bill, and it is possible that the bill will Given the constraints within which level. conferees had to work, as well as the be vetoed. But I hope that the adminis- The National Biological Service is prospects for the future, I believe this tration will think carefully before eliminated as an independent entity, conference report reflects a balancing reaching a decision about the fate of and the conference agreement folds the of the competing interests found in the this bill. natural resource research responsibil- Interior bill. The controversial issues will not go ities of the Interior Department into Now, Senator GORTON has already away if the bill is vetoed. They will not the jurisdiction of the Geological Sur- laid out the details, and laid them out go away. The $50 million increase for vey. Efforts have been taken to pro- well. I wish to extend my strongest Indian programs might be taken away. tect, as much as possible, the existing commendation to Senator GORTON for Further restrictions on the Agencies research facilities located in various his leadership on the Interior appro- funded in the bill might be imposed. states. priations bill this year. This is his first So, while the administration may not The Bureau of Mines is terminated, year as chairman of the subcommittee, like everything about the bill—and I do with its health and safety and mate- and I am going to say something about not like everything about the bill— rials partnership functions transferred the chairman of the subcommittee that while the administration may not like to the Department of Energy and its I have never said before in my almost everything about the bill, I urge the non-Alaska mineral information re- 40 years in this body and 44 years on administration to think carefully once, sponsibilities assigned to the Geologi- Capitol Hill. I am going to say some- twice, three times, and then think cal Survey. The Alaska minerals ac- thing that I have never heard another again. Think again before issuing a tivities from the Bureau of Mines are Senator say about a subcommittee veto. If a veto is issued, I hope the ad- transferred to the Bureau of Land Man- chairman; that is that this sub- ministration will be prepared to nego- agement. committee chairman, Senator GORTON, tiate constructively. A position that Funding for the National Endowment is the best subcommittee chairman the bill is signable only if the language for the Arts is reduced by about $63 that this subcommittee has had in at items are removed in their entirety is million, to a level of $99.5 million. The least the last 8 years. not helpful—or realistic. National Endowment for the Human- What am I saying when I say that? I There are many programs which were ities is reduced by about $62 million, to was chairman of the subcommittee for identified as a priority by the adminis- a level of $110 million. The conferees 6 years. So what I am saying is that tration, but our allocation constrained agreed to disagree regarding future Senator GORTON is a better chairman of how far we could go in funding all of funding for these two agencies. this subcommittee, has mastered its the programs on their list. Given the As usual, Mr. President, the most details more, is better prepared, more environment in which we had to work, controversial issues in the Interior bill knowledgeable concerning the bill than most programs fared relatively well in involve legislative proposals. With re- I ever was. this conference agreement. It is un- spect to the most significant of these This is a Western Senator’s bill, as a clear how some of these activities will items: matter of fact. I am not a Western Sen- be treated if funding for the Interior The bill contains language con- ator. Senator GORTON is a Western Sen- bill agencies is folded into a continuing tinuing the moratorium on the ator. But I salute him, and I daresay resolution. In addition, this bill begins issuance of mining patents. Provisions there is not another Senator in this a responsible downward trend, which is are included regarding a schedule for body that I have ever heard say that absolutely necessary given where do- the

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18615 processing of those patent applications the administration’s budget rather be able to address these programs con- in the pipeline, as well as for the use of than add-ons and earmarks. We cannot sistent with the information provided third parties in the conduct of mineral simultaneously address the deficit pro- when the budget was submitted. examinations. gram and continue to add new pro- Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, I rise Legislative language is included re- grams. I have worked with the agencies in support of the conference agreement garding the management of the to craft budgets that make sense to the accompanying H.R. 1977, the fiscal year Tongass National Forest in Alaska. State of Vermont and address national 1996 Interior and related agencies ap- While management direction is speci- issues that are worthy of Federal sup- propriations bill. fied for the next 2 years, the Forest port. Service will be able to complete the In that respect, I wish to clarify my This bill has been a long time coming current planning process. understanding of the budget’s treat- to the Senate. I commend the distin- A moratorium on implementation of ment of several programs and projects guished subcommittee chairman, Sen- certain provisions of the Endangered that are important to the agencies and ator GORTON, for his diligence in com- Species Act is imposed until reauthor- important to the State of Vermont. At pleting this bill. ization of this landmark legislation is the time the budget was presented, the The final bill provides $12.1 billion in enacted. Interior Department provided informa- budget authority and $8.2 billion in Language is included which changes tion to me which indicated that the new outlays to finance the operation of the direction provided by Congress last Lake Champlain Basin initiative was the Department of Interior agencies, fall regarding the management of the continued in the budgets of the Geo- the U.S. Forest Service, the Indian California Desert. The latest con- logical Survey and the National Park Health Service, the energy conserva- ference agreement allows the National Service at approximately the fiscal tion and fossil energy programs of the Park Service to engage in a com- year 1995 levels—$222,000 and $250,000 Department of Energy, the Smithso- prehensive planning effort during fiscal respectively—and that there was ap- nian Institution, and other arts-related year 1996, but management in the Mo- proximately $600,000 in the Fish and agencies. Most of the funding in this jave Preserve remains the responsi- Wildlife Service Budget for these pur- bility of the Bureau of Land Manage- bill is for nondefense discretionary pro- poses. In addition, the Connecticut grams. ment. River Valley ecosystem project was Legislative language is included slated to receive approximately When outlays from prior year budget which limits the types of grants that $1,005,000 in the FWS budget for the authority and other completed actions can be funded using NEA dollars appro- Conte Refuge, and that the Park Serv- are taken into account, the final bill priated in this act. The language of- ice intended to allocate $250,000 for this totals $12.3 billion in budget authority fered to the Senate bill has been modi- effort. The Fish and Wildlife Service and $13.3 billion in outlays for fiscal fied to address concerns regarding po- would also participate in efforts to pro- year 1996. The bill is $0.5 million in tential legal challenges. tect the resources of these ecosystems budget authority and $0.25 million in In summary, Mr. President, this con- through investments in endangered outlays under the subcommittee’s re- ference report is not perfect. It is ex- species management and private lands vised 602(b) allocation. actly what most conference reports wetlands restoration. Mr. President, the subcommittee had are—a compromise. The House did not Mr. President, while no specific ear- difficult decisions to make in setting get everything it wanted, and neither marks restating what was included in priorities for the funding in this bill. In did the Senate. This bill makes a sig- the budget were provided in the com- revisiting the bill for the third time, nificant downpayment toward deficit mittee report, I hope the chairman the conferees restored important fund- reduction, while trying to balance would extend his agreement that the ing for the native American programs many competing needs and interests. I agencies should follow through on their funded in the bill. I have fought for urge the Senate to adopt this con- commitment to continue these initia- this outcome since the bill came before ference report, and I hope the Presi- tives, roughly at the levels assumed in the Senate. While we have not made up dent will give it his approval. the budget. The budget levels were es- Lastly, I would like to commend the all the funding I believe is necessary sentially a continuation of the prior for the Bureau of Indian Affairs for staff who work on this appropriations year level of effort, and my objective is bill. It is not an easy task, in part be- tribal priority allocations, the restora- to see that the initiatives continue. tion of $25 million for this purpose is cause of the variety of issues involved, Obviously, if there were reductions in and also because of the extreme inter- significant. I thank the chairman for any of the budget line items where his efforts in this regard. est so many Senators place on the pro- these programs are funded, these ini- grams and projects under the jurisdic- tiatives would have to bear their fair Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- tion of the Interior Subcommittee. I share of any such reductions. However, sent that a table displaying the Budget wish to thank Senator GORTON’s staff: for the most part, under the leadership Committee scoring of the conference Cherie Cooper, Kathleen Wheeler, of the chairman, the operating ac- agreement be printed in the RECORD, Bruce Evans, and Ginny James. On my counts of the land management agen- and I urge the adoption of the con- staff, Sue Masica handles the Interior cies have been pretty well protected, ference report. bill, and is assisted by Carole Geagley. and the agencies should be able to fol- There being no objection, the table The staff works together as a team, low through on the indications pro- was ordered to be printed in the and I think that is reflected in the vided by the Department. RECORD, as follows: quality of the product presented to the Mr. GORTON. I am aware of the Sen- Senate today. ator’s concern for emphasizing these INTERIOR SUBCOMMITTEE, SPENDING TOTALS— I thank all Senators and urge adop- initiatives. What he has presented CONFERENCE REPORT tion of the conference report. seems reasonable, and I would expect [Fiscal year 1996, in millions of dollars] I yield the floor. the Department to follow through with INTERIOR PRIORITIES roughly the funding levels that have Budget authority Outlays Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I would been identified. like to discuss briefly with the chair- Mr. JEFFORDS. I join my fellow Nondefense discretionary: Outlays from prior-year BA and other actions man some of the funding included in Senator from Vermont to express my completed ...... 146 5,001 this bill. Together we have made an ef- interest in these important community H.R. 1977, conference report ...... 12,089 8,208 fort to eliminate earmarks within the efforts in the State of Vermont. I am Scorekeeping adjustment ...... bill. There is no way to accommodate glad that the chairman concurs with Subtotal nondefense discretionary ...... 12,234 13,210 the many projects that Senators re- our understanding. Mandatory: quested. One way to treat every State Mr. BYRD. I thank the Senators from Outlays from prior-year BA and other actions fairly is to provide no earmarks, and Vermont for highlighting these con- completed ...... 24 H.R. 1977, conference report ...... 59 25 instead set programmatic budget prior- cerns. I agree with the chairman. Since Adjustment to conform mandatory programs ities. the accounts in which these initiatives with Budget Resolution assumptions ...... 6 6 I have worked to improve the budget are funded are basically level with the Subtotal mandatory ...... 65 55 process by focusing on programs within budget request, the Department should

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18616 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 INTERIOR SUBCOMMITTEE, SPENDING TOTALS— The yeas and nays were ordered. the VA-HUD appropriations bill, and CONFERENCE REPORT—Continued The PRESIDING OFFICER. The that it be considered under the fol- [Fiscal year 1996, in millions of dollars] question is on agreeing to the con- lowing time limitations: 30 minutes ference report to accompany H.R. 1977, equally divided between the two man- Budget authority Outlays the Interior appropriations bill for fis- agers, 10 minutes under the control of cal year 1996. The yeas and nays have Senator BUMPERS, 10 minutes under the Adjusted bill total ...... 12,299 13,265 been ordered. The clerk will call the control of Senator HUTCHISON, 10 min- Senate Subcommittee 602(b) allocation: roll. utes under the control of Senator LAU- Defense discretionary ...... The legislative clerk called the roll. TENBERG, 10 minutes under the control Nondefense discretionary ...... 12,235 13,210 Violent crime reduction trust fund ...... Mr. LOTT. I announce that the Sen- of Senator MCCAIN, 10 minutes under Mandatory ...... 65 55 ator from Texas [Mr. GRAMM] is nec- the control of Senator BOXER; further, Total allocation ...... 12,300 13,265 Adjusted bill total compared to Senate Sub- essarily absent. that following the expiration or yield- committee 602(b) allocation: The result was announced—yeas 58, ing back of time, the Senate proceed to Defense discretionary ...... Nondefense discretionary ...... ¥1 ¥0 nays 40, as follows: vote on the conference report, and that Violent crime reduction trust fund ...... [Rollcall Vote No. 604 Leg.] following that vote, the Senate imme- Mandatory ...... YEAS—58 diately concur in the amendment of Total allocation ...... ¥1 ¥0 Abraham Gorton McConnell the House to the amendment of the Note: Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Totals adjusted for Ashcroft Grams Moynihan Senate, all without any intervening ac- consistency with current scorekeeping conventions. Bennett Grassley Murkowski tion or debate. Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, I ask Bond Gregg Nickles The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Burns Hatch unanimous consent for 1 additional Pell objection, it is so ordered. Byrd Hatfield Pressler minute past the 2 o’clock time. Campbell Heflin Reid Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, I sug- The PRESIDING OFFICER. I believe Chafee Helms Roth gest the absence of a quorum. Coats Hollings Santorum the Senator has 2 minutes under his Cochran Hutchison The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Shelby control, at any rate. Cohen Inhofe Simpson clerk will call the roll. Mr. GORTON. Fine. Coverdell Inouye The legislative clerk proceeded to Craig Jeffords Smith Mr. President, one of the finer cus- Specter call the roll. toms of the Senate, one of the customs D’Amato Johnston DeWine Kassebaum Stevens Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I ask that makes it work in contentious Dole Kempthorne Thomas unanimous consent that the order for Domenici Kyl Thompson times better than might otherwise be the quorum call be rescinded. the case, is the custom of Senators to Faircloth Lott Thurmond Ford Lugar Warner The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without treat kindly their fellow Members and Frist Mack objection, it is so ordered. to speak well of them. I think that is a wonderful custom, and I have been its NAYS—40 beneficiary on a number of occasions. Akaka Exon McCain f Baucus Feingold Mikulski But I must say, I have never been its Biden Feinstein Moseley-Braun beneficiary in such fulsome terms as Bingaman Glenn Murray FOREIGN RELATIONS were just applied to me by my friend Boxer Graham Nunn REVITALIZATION ACT Bradley Harkin Pryor and colleague, mentor, the senior Sen- Breaux Kennedy Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I ask ator from West Virginia. I cannot Robb Brown Kerrey Rockefeller unanimous consent that it be in order Bryan Kerry claim to deserve all of those com- Sarbanes to make the pending business S. 908. Bumpers Kohl pliments, but I may appreciate them Simon Conrad Lautenberg The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Snowe even the more for that. Daschle Leahy objection, it is so ordered. Wellstone I learned what I have learned in the Dodd Levin Under the previous order, the clerk Dorgan Lieberman service of the Appropriations Com- will report S. 908, the State Depart- mittee from him during his chairman- NOT VOTING—1 ment reauthorization and reorganiza- ship, and the extent that I have had a Gramm tion bill. success this year has been largely due The legislative clerk read as follows: to the advice and the guidance which So, the conference report was agreed the senior Senator from West Virginia to. A bill to authorize appropriations for the Department of State for fiscal years 1996 has provided. Mr. GORTON. I move to reconsider the vote. through 1999, and to abolish the United He has stated very well the difficul- States Information Agency, the United ties under which this bill is presented Mr. MCCAIN. I move to lay that mo- tion on the table. States Arms Control and Disarmament to this body, the great contribution it Agency, and the Agency for International makes to deficit reduction and the dif- The motion to lay on the table was Development, and for other purposes. agreed to. ficulty that that created in attempting Pending: to properly fund and instruct the agen- Mr. GORTON addressed the Chair. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Dole amendment No. 2025, to withhold cer- cies under its jurisdiction. I have also tain funds for international conferences in made a statement to that effect. Chair recognizes the Senator from Washington. funds were expended for U.S. participation in I will simply solicit the support of the United Nations Fourth World Conference my colleagues for the bill which I be- Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, before on Women while Harry Wu was being de- lieve reaches its goals well, considering we move on to the next item, I wish to tained in China. the challenges with which we are faced, add to the list of thanks that I gave Helms amendment No. 2031, to authorize and I hope that the President will earlier in connection with this bill the reduced levels of appropriations for foreign change his mind and sign it, as it will name of Julie Kays from my own per- assistance programs for fiscal years 1996 and be much better than any alternative sonal staff who has handled every as- 1997. Kerry (for Boxer) amendment No. 2032 (to that he is likely to receive through a pect of this bill for me in a tremen- dously successful and skilled fashion. Amendment No. 2025), to express the sense of continuing resolution. the Senate regarding the arrest of Harry Wu The yeas and nays have not been re- f by the Government of the People’s Republic quested? UNANIMOUS-CONSENT AGREE- of China. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. MENT—CONFERENCE REPORT ON Helms amendment No. 2041, to express the COVERDELL). They have not. sense of the Congress regarding the consoli- Mr. GORTON. I ask for the yeas and H.R. 2099 dation and reinvention of the foreign affairs nays. Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, I ask agencies of the United States. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a unanimous consent that following the Helms amendment No. 2042 (to amendment sufficient second? disposition of H.R. 1561, the Senate pro- No. 2041), in the nature of a substitute. There appears to be a sufficient sec- ceed to the consideration of the con- The Senate resumed consideration of ond. ference report to accompany H.R. 2099, the bill.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18617 AMENDMENT NOS. 2025, 2031, 2032, 2041, AND 2042, FELLER—may take pride in Marshall’s reported that it was HELMS doing the WITHDRAWN winning record up to this point. That is holding up, when actually it was the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under fine. I see nothing wrong with acknowl- administration and the Democrat the previous order, the pending amend- edging the accomplishment of the sec- Members of the Senate. Now, there was ments numbered 2025, 2031, 2032, 2041, ond-best team. But Governor Caperton one Senator who was willing to nego- and 2042 are withdrawn. crossed the line when he signed a proc- tiate and participate in the process, The Chair recognizes the Senator lamation naming December 16—the day Senator KERRY of Massachusetts, to from North Carolina. of the game—Marshall University Day. whom I shall forever be grateful. Mr. HELMS. I thank the Chair. The Now, normally, I am a strong sup- It needs to be made clear that the Chair is absolutely correct. Mr. Presi- porter of States rights. But Governor Senator from North Carolina has dent, I believe there is a time agree- Caperton has gone too far. His procla- never, never demanded that I get my ment on this of 4 hours equally divided. mation is a slap in the face to me and way as press report after press report The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- every other self-respecting Montanan. after press report claimed. I have never ator is correct. There are 4 hours on And it is an insult to the good sense of demanded that the Senate accept this the managers’ time and the bill. every American who follows college authorization bill or that the adminis- Mr. HELMS. Very well. Mr. Presi- football. tration agree to downsize Government dent, before I begin, I will yield to the Mr. President, sometimes State gov- by eliminating a few Federal agencies. Senator from Montana to speak as in ernments make mistakes. And on occa- I have never demanded that the Senate morning business. sions like this one, they are whoppers. accept this authorization bill or that I ask unanimous consent that it be in The time has come for Congress to step the administration agree to downsize order for me to yield to the distin- in and set things right. Government and abolish some Federal guished Senator 6 minutes, not to be That is why I am introducing my res- agencies. I had hoped all of that would charged to either side, at which time olution today. It would recognize the happen, and the bill was drafted for the time will begin running on the bill. Montana Grizzlies as the new national that purpose, but I never made any de- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without champions by proclaiming all of next mand for anything—except that the objection, it is so ordered. Senate be allowed to vote on S. 908. I The Senator from Montana is recog- week Montana Grizzlies Appreciation said from the very beginning, ‘‘Let me nized. Week. It would also declare the unfor- tunate, unjust, and illegitimate procla- have a vote and you will have your am- f mation by the Governor of West Vir- bassadors.’’ I have asked only that the GO GRIZ ginia null and void. Senate be allowed to conduct its legis- Mr. BAUCUS. Mr. President, I rise If you still doubt the need for this lative responsibilities and vote. Not today to introduce a critically impor- resolution, tune in on Saturday. The once did I stipulate that S. 908 had to tant resolution. It will restore the game starts at 10 Montana time—that’s pass but just that it be voted upon. But honor of our country, and my State of noon in Washington on ESPN. It will the Democrats were afraid that if it Montana in particular, in the face of an be a great game. were put up for a vote, the Senate impudent affront leveled against us by Mr. HELMS. I can see why the Sen- would agree to abolish three Federal the Governor of West Virginia. ator was eager to make a speech and agencies—what a tragedy that would Let me begin with a question. What make a reference to Montana. I con- have been. would possess as many as 5,000 Mon- gratulate him. Since this process began months ago, tanans to leave our beautiful State and f the Foreign Relations Committee has travel to a small town in West Vir- acted on at least 58 of President Clin- FOREIGN RELATIONS ton’s ambassadorial nominees—most of ginia—of all places—for the weekend? REVITALIZATION ACT There is only one answer—and that is them political appointees, I might add. Grizzly fever. The Senate continued with the con- The committee has acted on six tax As I have proudly told many of my sideration of the bill. treaties and assorted other inter- colleagues, the University of Montana Mr. HELMS. Here we are, Mr. Presi- national treaties in that same time pe- Grizzlies are traveling to Huntington, dent. As I was saying a few minutes riod. I have asked myself many times, WV, to take on the Thundering Herd of ago, at long last, S. 908 is the pending what have we received in return? Until Marshall University in the NCAA, Divi- business before the U.S. Senate—S. 908 this date, nothing; nothing. There goes sion I–AA National Championship. And being the plan to reorganize the State that obfuscation, delay, postponement, on Saturday night, they will come Department—a plan much maligned by derailment. home to Missoula as the national all the bureaucrats who do not want to I take issue with those in the admin- champions. be folded into the State Department. istration and with my colleagues, espe- It takes a good football team to get They do not want to save any money. cially the distinguished Senator from that far. But the Grizzlies are not just To their chagrin, it looks to me like we Connecticut [Mr. DODD], who at one a good football team—they are a great are going to save some money, not as point asserted that it was the ‘‘height football team. much as we would have liked, but that of irresponsibility to hold up nearly all How great are the Grizzlies, some is an issue we can work on in con- other committee business over one may ask? ference with the House. S. 908 was re- piece of legislation.’’ CHRIS DODD Great enough to have trounced their ported to the Senate more than 6 knows better than that, Mr. President. playoff opponents. During the three months ago, and I have never seen as He is in charge of the political wing of playoff games, the Grizzlies scored a many erroneous news reports about a the Democratic Party. He is perhaps total of 156 points. Their three oppo- piece of legislation in all of my 23 experiencing a convenient amnesia, nents managed to score a paltry 14 years in the Senate. The administra- forgetting that as chairman of the For- points; and two out of the three playoff tion at every turn has vowed—and I use eign Relations Subcommittee on West- games were Grizzly shutouts. the administration’s words—vowed to ern Hemisphere in 1992, Senator DODD And the Grizzlies are great enough to ‘‘delay, postpone, obfuscate and derail’’ himself refused to schedule any sub- have what I believe is the finest quar- S. 908. They made no bones about it. committee ambassadorial nomination terback in college football today. Dave All of that was ignored by the great hearings for an entire year. So when Dickenson, from Great Falls, is a media of this country. There was just Senator DODD made his extravagant three-time first team academic all- one Senator who was holding up the statement, I respond, ‘‘Look who is American, a first team all-American whole works—that fellow from North talking.’’ quarterback, and Dave will probably Carolina, HELMS—and they went after I could go on, but suffice it to say receive the Walter Payton Award next HELMS with a feverish attitude. many of my Democrat colleagues have week as the best Division I–AA player Our Democratic colleagues signed up engaged in a bit of injured innocence in America. and have refused to allow the Senate to when they weep such copious tears Many West Virginians—including my work its will, but that did not make about the delay in Senate confirmation friends Senator BYRD and ROCKE- any difference to the news media. They of several nominees. Now, were it not

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18618 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 for Senator KERRY’s commitment, Sen- policy of an isolationist if it were made ment. Senator KERRY knows how I feel ator KERRY of Massachusetts, his com- by anybody on this side. They all ap- about that. We have been candid to mitment to negotiate common ground, plauded when the Vice President said each other. But I want to get started we would still this very afternoon be at it. But look at the facts. How did Mr. on this business of saving the tax- an impasse. Everybody knows that GORE come up with those figures? He payers’ money, and I think JOHN there needs to be streamlining and con- yanked them out of thin air. Even Sen- KERRY does as well. solidation of the whole Federal Govern- ate Democrats acknowledge that they I have had to console myself with the ment. It is one of the big reasons we cannot figure it out. They have asked fact that saving the taxpayers $1.7 bil- have a $5 trillion debt hanging over the for months—all of us have been asking lion is better than saving the taxpayers people of this country. Senator KERRY for months—for the Vice President’s nothing. Of course, it would have been recognized early on and said, ‘‘Yes, one proposals for all of these savings. far better if Senator KERRY had been or more of the three agencies stipu- Finally, some of the more candid permitted to fulfill his original offer in lated in this legislation have outlived Senators on the other side of the aisle committee to abolish one agency and their usefulness.’’ confessed. They admitted that the Vice save $2 billion over 4 years. In fact, at That is putting it the nice way. The President’s plan had no basis in reality the markup of S. 908, the able Senator truth of the matter is that all three of and it must have been the result of bad from Massachusetts strongly stated the agencies, ACDA [U.S. Arms Control staff work down at the White House. So that he was prepared to move forward and Disarmament Agency], AID [Agen- the emperor had no clothes. on the one agency abolition, and that cy for International Development], and It is worthy of note that the Vice he would not back down on that pro- the U.S. Information Agency [USIA] President’s book entitled ‘‘Common posal. I thinks it is too bad that he did. need serious pruning and, in my opin- Sense Government’’ asserts that his Remember, Mr. President, the origi- ion, should be put on the short list to recommendations on restructuring the nal intent of the pending bill, S. 908, be abolished. I note that in reference to U.S. foreign affairs agencies would be was to abolish three agencies. The USIA, it was never our intention to un- announced in the fall of 1995. Democrat’s compromise proposal was dermine our international broadcasting Mr. President, it is now the winter of to maintain status quo—leave all three capability, such as the Voice of Amer- 1995, and we are still waiting. agencies fully functioning and just ask ica and Radio Free Europe. But I re- The fact is, we are never going to them to save a few billion dollars. The peat, the ancillary agencies that cost hear from him. We are never going to managers’ amendment requires the billions of dollars have got to be toned hear from his associates. They just do President of the United States within 6 down. That is what this bill is all not have a plan. They do not know how months to send up a plan to downsize, about. to produce any savings. They do not consolidate, and streamline. And, if the I remind my colleagues that it was have a clue. All they have are press re- President fails to do it, three Federal Secretary of State Christopher who leases, and those press releases, as it agencies will be abolished just as we proposed to Vice President GORE’s turns out, are not—and were not— proposed in the beginning. The ball is much-publicized Reinventing Govern- worth the paper they were printed on going to be in the President’s court. ment Office that the United States was last January. The clock on that 6 months starts tick- obliged to restructure the U.S. foreign S. 908, the committee’s plan to abol- ing when S. 908 (or H.R. 1561) is en- affairs apparatus for the 21st century. ish three Federal agencies and save $3 acted. Secretary of State Christopher himself billion has been available to the ad- So as I said at the outset, Mr. Presi- advocated the elimination of the Agen- ministration in writing for more than 6 dent, here we are. While the main focus cy for International Development, the months. of this managers’ amendment is on re- U.S. Information Agency, and the By the way, I stress that the largest authorization, it needs to be borne in Arms Control and Disarmament Agen- of these agencies—the Agency for mind that this is a 4-year authoriza- cy. Mr. President, Secretary Chris- International Development [AID]—is a tion bill for the Department of State. topher went almost hat in hand down temporary Federal agency, even Also, the managers’ amendment to Vice President GORE’s office to plead though it was established a half cen- modifies several other sections of the that our foreign affairs apparatus need- tury ago. Ronald Reagan used to say bill. For example, we agreed to modify ed a serious rethinking for the post- that ‘‘There is nothing so near to eter- some provisions relating to the U.S. re- cold-war era. I remind my colleagues nal life as a temporary Federal agen- lationship with the United Nations. that is was Vice President GORE, the cy.’’ I think that is correct. The Clin- One in particular that has bothered me former U.S. Senator, who was chosen ton administration, the State Depart- is the provision restricting the share of to be the No. 2 officer of this country ment, and the Vice President of the U.S. intelligence with the United Na- and has spent much of his time in of- United States have yet to provide an tions. At the administration’s insist- fice proclaiming his intent to reinvent alternative to S. 908. The administra- ence we have replaced that provision Government, to downsize Government, tion has not even bothered to submit with a much less stringent one. and to save the taxpayers money. I an authorization bill to the Congress I, for one, agree with Senator SNOWE know of very few successful efforts of this year. of Maine. The original provision was the Vice President in that regard, be- So here we are. S. 908 is the pending proposed by Senator SNOWE and it was cause somewhere along the line Vice business in the Senate. What goes much tougher. I agree with her that President GORE, decided all of a sudden around, comes around. As I indicated the administration should be required that the status quo was just fine, and at the outset, 6 months after com- to make the case to Congress as to why Vice President GORE rejected out of mittee consideration of the bill, no it is crucial for the United States to hand Secretary of State Christopher’s thanks to the administration, the Sen- share intelligence with the United Na- proposal. In doing so he became a cap- ate Democrats have proposed an tions which includes in its membership tive of the very Federal bureaucracy he amendment to our bill. countries such as and Cuba. was supposed to reinvent. Senator KERRY has just arrived on We also agreed to remove section 603 By the way, this past January, it was the floor. And I do not know whether which is a provision dear and near to the Vice President of the United he knows that I paid my respects to my own heart. The provision would States, AL GORE, who promised that he him while he was on the way over here. provide asylum for immigrants who are was going to save $5 billion in 5 years But I have, and I meant it. And I am fleeing the policies of their home coun- by cutting the U.S. International Af- grateful to the Senator. tries that will force them to abort fairs budget. S. 908, under the terms of The Kerry amendment, as I said ear- their unborn children or force them to the manager’s amendment, mandates lier, mandates cost savings of $1.7 bil- be sterilized, as the case may be. The $1.7 billion in savings over 5 years. If lion over 5 years. That is less than one- silver lining in this decision is that $1.7 billion in savings ‘‘jeopardizes the third of what Vice President GORE this provision is included in the House national interest’’, what are we to have promised that he would save, and what bill and, therefore, I expect to strongly said about $5 billion? The local press S. 908 proposed to save at the outset. support the House language in the would call such a draconian cut the We are not saving enough in my judg- House-Senate conference on this bill.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18619 We modified section 604 to authorize to rethink his jubilant declaration this State Department, AID, USIA, and payments from frozen Iraqi assets for past October when he said, ‘‘AID has ACDA—will be reorganized. This pro- United States claimants. A similar pro- survived a bruising political battle.’’ posal provides the President with flexi- vision was approved in committee by a That remains to be seen. bility. It does not abolish any agencies, bipartisan vote of 10 to 8. Down on the Archives building, not unless the President fails to send a Section 168 restricting the issuance far from the Capitol, is a piece of mar- plan to Congress, but it does require of visas to those who traffic in expro- ble that has the words, ‘‘What is past is the President to save $1.7 billion over 5 priated property was deleted at the be- prologue.’’ Somebody asked a friend of years through reorganization and con- hest of Senator DODD of Connecticut mine what that means, and he said, solidation. Recognizing that pro- who has stated that he would prefer ‘‘That means ‘You ain’t seen nothing grammatic reductions are a byproduct that issue be dealt with in the con- yet.’’’ So, Mr. Atwood, I would say, of consolidation, it allows him to ference on the Cuban Liberty and Soli- ‘‘You ain’t seen nothing yet.’’ achieve up to 30 percent of that savings darity Act, H.R. 927. What has happened here is not the from programmatic reductions. Mr. President, another important as- beginning of the end, it is the end of I believe that this proposal will re- pect of this agreement is that the Sen- the beginning. Eventually—eventu- sult in some serious and beneficial ate will provide for the appointment of ally—the American people are going to streamlining and consolidation of our conferees upon final passage of this have their say. And to the length of my foreign affairs apparatus. In my view measure sending H.R. 1561—the House cable-tow, they also will have their this is necessary in light of the cuts companion bill—to the House, and re- way. that are being imposed on the budget questing a conference. I yield the floor, and I assume the in all areas including foreign affairs. I On Tuesday, the Foreign Relations distinguished Senator from Massachu- share the concern of many of my Committee reported out—true to my setts wishes to make a statement. Democratic colleagues about these promise—18 pending nominees, and the The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. cuts. The international affairs budget START II treaty. THOMPSON). The Senator from Massa- is only 1 percent of the Federal budget, The previous unanimous consent chusetts. and it is 1 percent well spent when one agreement provides for en bloc consid- Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, I thank considers our needs and interests eration of the nominees upon final pas- my distinguished colleague. I was not abroad. But like it or not, funding for sage of S. 908. The majority and minor- here when he made some very generous foreign affairs programs has been de- ity leaders have agreed to make every comments about my participation in clining over the last decade and will effort to finish START II as expedi- this, and I am appreciative of what I continue to decline under whatever tiously as possible. have been told that he said. agreement is reached for balancing the A few more thoughts and I will be As I said the other night, for myself budget in the next 7 years. Against this through. I want to thank the Senator from reality, we must find a more efficient Early next year the Foreign Rela- North Carolina for his patience and for and cost-effective way to make and im- tions Committee will begin active con- his forbearance in this process. It has plement policy while still preserving sideration of the Chemical Weapons been a difficult process, as many have critical programs. I think the approach Convention, including additional hear- said, but I will say that in all of the we have in this bill will enable us to do ings and additional steps necessary to dealings that he and I have had, there that. full committee consideration of this was never any rancor or any raising of I recognize that some are concerned treaty by April 30. I feel obliged to as- voices. We argued and debated and that the Senate position on consolida- sert that I remain opposed to the pressed and pushed, both of us, for posi- tion, as reflected by this managers’ Chemical Weapons Convention. Until tions that we believed in. In the end, amendment, will be reversed or this administration comes forward what we have here is a compromise, as changed in conference. Senator HELMS with a public explanation of precisely it ought to be, and I think it is a fair and I have agreed that the Senate con- how this treaty can be verified, which compromise. I think it is a sensible ferees will operate under consensus it cannot do and has not done yet, I compromise. It is a compromise that with respect to the main elements of cannot imagine that the Senate will be recognizes the changes that are sweep- my consolidation proposal, that is prepared to take action on the treaty. ing over all of Government and Wash- mandatory cost savings, abolition of But that remains to be seen. ington. It recognizes the imperative of the agencies and the limitations as to The road to redemption was not trav- that change, which no agency or entity where cost savings may be achieved. It eled in one day. It began with one step of Government ought to be exempt is imperative that any changes in the in the right direction, and that is from unless they can prove, beyond all Senate position on consolidation re- where we find ourselves today. The doubt, that they ought to be. flect agreement among all the Senate Democrats have taken this step by rec- Mr. President, I am pleased that Sen- conferees because this issue is at the ognizing the necessity of consolidating ator HELMS and I have reached agree- heart of the bill. the U.S. foreign affairs agencies and ment on a manager’s amendment and Senator HELMS and I have also agreeing to mandate cost savings and that the months-long impasse over this agreed that we will work in conference by concurring that the Secretary of bill and the nominees and other issues to increase the authorization levels for State should be the primary foreign linked to movement on this bill has the operating accounts of the agencies policy adviser to the President of the come to an end. The process has been affected by this bill. We must ensure United States. Ultimately, the Presi- long and at times trying. In the eyes of that the authorizations for these ac- dent and our Nation’s foreign policy many it was about politics, not policy, counts are in concert with the savings will benefit from this reorganization but that is not the case. From the very we are seeking through reorganization which has been endorsed by five former beginning there have been real sub- and consolidation and that we do not Secretaries of State, who, in the proc- stantive disagreements over the con- undermine the President’s ability to ess, one after another, conferred with solidation language in this bill and reorganize by decimating the oper- us and helped us in the drafting of the over many other policy provisions, ations of these agencies through the bill. such as those mentioned by the distin- authorization process. Let me say this, and I shall yield to guished ranking minority member, As we are all aware disagreements the distinguished Senator from Massa- Senator PELL. over this bill resulted for many months chusetts. This managers’ amendment is a com- in inaction by the committee on 18 am- The world has changed dramatically promise in every sense of the word. On bassadorial nominations, 4 FSO pro- during the past 10 years. The State De- the key issue of consolidation, Senator motion lists, and the START II treaty. partment has not. The issue of consoli- HELMS and his Republican colleagues On Tuesday the Foreign Relations dation and restructuring is not going on the committee agreed to accept my Committee favorably reported these away this year, and it is not going proposal which preserves the Presi- items to the Senate. Once we act upon away next year either. I pledge that. dent’s prerogative to determine how this bill, the nominees will be approved Brian Atwood, for example, will have the foreign affairs agencies—that is the by the Senate en bloc pursuant to a

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18620 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 unanimous-consent agreement reached of those expenditures in the foreign pay their salaries within 1 month.’’ last Thursday. When the START II re- field, but there are also many people That seems to me to be a reasonable port is filed, the Senate, pursuant to who have enormous commitment to return on investment. another unanimous-consent agreed to much of what we are trying to do That seems to make sense, but that last Thursday, will begin consideration abroad—for very little. is not necessarily—and I underscore of the treaty. I believe there is over- I always ask audiences when I am necessarily—what will happen with whelming support in the Senate for asked a question about foreign policy this budget. Could it happen? The an- this treaty and I hope that we will be when I go home and talk to people in swer is yes. able to complete action before the Sen- Massachusetts how much money they Under the consolidation, if the Sec- ate recesses. If we do not, however, the think we spend in foreign policy. It is retary of State and the President were majority leader has given his commit- fascinating to listen to the response. to decide that is an imperative and we ment that we will finish action on Many people have a quick response, 20 ought to put more people into that START II at the beginning of the next percent, 20 percent of our budget. More than have some people on some other session. I think these are positive de- often than not, it is in the low sort of desk, we can make that happen. But I velopments, as is the procedure we double digits: 12 percent, 11 percent, or think most people feel many of those have worked out for committee consid- the high single digits. Almost invari- other desks are also competing with eration and action on the Chemical ably, I would say 75 percent and higher things ranging from international envi- Weapons Convention. of the number of hands that go up in an ronmental accords to international I am hopeful that with these positive audience, will pick 4 percent, 5 percent, questions of refugees to international steps, we can begin to restore the bi- rarely less than 3. questions of immigration to inter- partisanship traditionally char- I was at a teachers convention not national questions of crime to inter- acteristic of the operations of the For- long ago and only one teacher out of national questions of terrorism, all of eign Relations Committee. The chair- about 200 correctly picked the amount which in this less bipolar world present man has assured us that the committee of money that we put into foreign pol- us with a whole different set of choices. will resume normal activities including icy in this country: 1 percent. Less Mr. President, I do not want to go on scheduling of hearings and action on than 1 percent of the total budget of at great length. I think our effort is to all currently pending nominees and the United States of America leverages try to expedite this this afternoon. other committee business. I believe all our global interests. There is no reason at this point to of us on the committee, Democrat and That is not a totally fair assessment speak at great length, but I do want to Republican alike, agree that this is in because obviously we invest in the De- simply say, many people on our side of our joint interest and that of the coun- fense Department. That is a very big the aisle were deeply concerned about try. investment and that is a serious com- the level of reductions, and that is why Mr. President, I think most of us ap- ponent of our projection of force we are starting out at the $1.7 billion. proached the issue of how to deliver abroad and our interests. But in terms It may well prove that in the consoli- our foreign policy and how to imple- of assistance to other governments, in dation program that, hopefully, we will ment the various missions of the var- terms of population, environment, the set up within the timeframe within ious agencies that do deliver that for- kinds of things we try to do with re- eign policy. Most of us approached this this bill—I am confident that we may spect to international narcotics with a sense that we can do it more ef- find there is rationale for doing more. through the State Department and a ficiently, that we have not patented And we may also find there is a clash perfection with respect to it. There are host of those efforts, we are talking of reality that is impossible and that areas of waste. There are areas of du- about 1 percent and less of the entire this is, in fact, too significant. Let me say also that Senator HELMS plication. There are areas where we can Federal budget. Many of us on our side of the aisle do some consolidating, possibly even and I have agreed that we will work in are deeply concerned that in a world some merging. But we also recognized the conference committee to increase that is more global, in a world that is that within that framework it is im- the authorized levels for the operating less centralized in its conflicts, where portant to acknowledge and honor the accounts of the agencies that are af- prerogatives of a separate branch of we no longer have the kind of bipolar, fected by this bill. We have to ensure Government, the executive branch. easily definable East-West tension that that the authorizations for these ac- So, some of us pressed very hard for defined most of the history of this counts are in concert with the savings the Presidential prerogative of being country since 1945, in that world there that we are seeking through the reor- able to line up their own ducks, of may well be more need to think about ganization and consolidation, and we being able to make a decision as to increasing things like the Foreign do not want to undermine the Presi- which agencies to conceivably consoli- Commercial Service officers in various dent’s ability to reorganize by deci- date, or what the order ought to be. I developing countries. mating the operations of these agen- think most people feel, particularly in When I was in Hong Kong over a year cies through the authorization process the arena of foreign policy, that is the ago, I was struck by the fact that in itself. fair prerogative of the President of the the Foreign Commercial Service in We are also gratified that part of this United States. We have preserved that Hong Kong, the several people that we agreement now sees the ambassadors prerogative in this compromise. So the have there said to me, ‘‘Senator, we are about to be eminently improved and principle of consolidation, the principle missing billions of dollars of contracts the START II treaty to come to the of merger, the principle of efficiency is for our companies in America.’’ Those floor, hopefully, within the next day or embraced in the compromise, but the billions of dollars of contracts trans- so, certainly within the next days. principle of the separation of powers late into thousands of jobs. For every I am particularly grateful for the and the Presidential prerogative in for- $1 billion of exports, there are 20,000 commitment of the chairman to guar- eign policy is also embraced in this jobs created in the United States of antee that the committee will act on compromise. America. They said to me, ‘‘Because we the Chemical Weapons Convention, and In addition to that, I believe the level only have,’’ I think—I cannot remem- it is obviously our hope that we will be of savings represents a realistic begin- ber the exact number, it was in the sin- able to either improve it or change it, ning. I think the Senator is perfectly gle digits—‘‘Because we only have this if it needs improvement, but ulti- correct in saying the ultimate goal few number of people here in Hong mately the full Senate will be able to here is for all of us to respect the de- Kong, we cannot keep up with the re- act. sires of the American people to have quests for proposals. We cannot keep I share with my colleague from North the most efficient expenditure of their up with the meetings that we could be Carolina concerns about it in its cur- tax dollar. This is their dollar and this putting together for people to be able rent form. There are issues of is their Government, not ours. We rep- to be married to a deal.’’ verification. There are legitimate rea- resent them here. ‘‘If you people’’—meaning us—he sons for the committee to want to do So, there are many in this country said, ‘‘were to have enough foresight to its business over the course of the next who have second thoughts about some just give us 10 more people, we would months.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18621 Moving at this point in time, Mr. are abolished, except in the event that pliment the chairman, my friend from President, to a consideration of the the President fails to send a reorga- North Carolina, for being a consum- START II agreement, for which I think nization plan to the Congress. The mate legislative craftsman. He held us there is extraordinarily small opposi- driving force of reorganization is the hostage very effectively for a long tion within the Senate, if any, is very, requirement that the plan save $1.7 bil- time. I do not think we would even be very important in the context of events lion over 5 years. In my view this is the talking about this compromise bill in Russia, the elections, and also our correct approach as it encourages the were it not for the fact that the own interests in reducing some 4,000 President to reorganize while at the START Treaty was held up, that all strategic nuclear weapons from the ar- same time preserving his prerogative the ambassadorial nominations were senals of both ourselves and the former to determine how that reorganization held up, and that we asked Senator Soviet Union, including the SS–18, is done. KERRY on our behalf to see if he could which was always the most imposing As reported by the committee, S. 908 free them up. It reminds me of those weapon that was pointed at the United also contained a number of troubling buttons we used to have around here States of America. provisions designed to restrict U.S. when we would have long sessions, I think that moving forward on that participation in the U.N. system. For ‘‘Free The 89th Congress’’ or free this treaty is enormously important, and it example, some placed conditions on the or free that. is one of the reasons why this com- payment of our assessed contributions Well, this was ‘‘free the Ambas- promise is so welcome. to the United Nations for membership sadors’’ and ‘‘free our national secu- I want to say, finally, that I think all and peacekeeping. The managers’ rity’’ so we could have the ability to of these steps are important, positive amendment which Senators HELMS and continue to destroy Soviet nuclear steps, which I believe, in the spirit that KERRY are offering improves a number weapons and continue the rational the chairman has described, can help to of these provisions and deletes others. I arms control regime that was begun bring us back to a bipartisan, joint ef- applaud these changes because we can- with President Nixon and went fort to try to utilize this committee to not exert leverage at the United Na- straight through the administration of help address the major questions that tions if we cannot fulfill our financial President Reagan. we have in the country with respect to and other obligations in full. foreign policy, and I am confident that Finally, with the adoption of this This is not a backhanded com- with all of our good efforts it can, in managers’ amendment and the passage pliment. I think one of the most fierce fact, do that. of S. 908, the Senate will proceed to the and effective legislative foes one could Mr. President, it is my pleasure to confirmation of a large number of am- have in this body is the distinguished yield to the distinguished former chair- bassadors and the consideration of Senator from North Carolina. I do man, the ranking member of the com- Start II. I have previously expressed think, however, that the way my friend mittee, for his comments at this time. my deep concern and regret over the from North Carolina went about this Mr. PELL. I thank the Senator very holding up of the important business of one was unprecedented, and I hope it is much indeed. the Foreign Relations Committee and not repeated. Mr. President, I support the Man- the nation because of significant dif- On that score, I wish to make it clear agers Amendment to S. 908 negotiated ferences of opinion over just one piece to my friend from Massachusetts, Sen- by Senators KERRY and HELMS. I was of legislation, particularly if that one ator KERRY, why, after all his hard opposed to S. 908 as reported by the piece is unrelated to the main body of work, I am still opposed to this bill. He Foreign Relations Committee, and re- the legislation and other matters that did a great job. We are going to have a gretted at the time it was reported are being held up. START II Treaty, God willing and the that the committee appeared to have In my 30 years of service on the com- creek not rising, and we are actually abandoned a long tradition of biparti- mittee and 8 years as chairman, this going to put ambassadors out there sanship in crafting the State Depart- was unprecedented. With this action after the rest of the world wondered ment authorization bill. today, however, I am very optimistic where the devil they were. Consequently, I am pleased with the that the new year will bring a return to Let me say at the outset that I ad- results of the negotiations that are re- the committee’s traditional bipartisan mire the skill of both the gentlemen flected in this managers amendment. I approach to addressing the foreign pol- who have brought us this agreement. I congratulate Senator KERRY, who so icy issues before the Senate. We clearly do not, however, admire the product ably managed this bill on behalf of the will not agree on all these issues, but I that has been brought. Democrats. He did this in a skilled, hope we will agree to disagree and professional and brilliant way. I also work where feasible to reflect the con- No one disputes the need to con- congratulate Senator HELMS for his cerns of all members in the commit- stantly scrutinize our Federal bureauc- willingness to work with Senator tee’s deliberations. This managers’ racy to look for overlaps and KERRY and Democratic members of the amendment, and the committee’s 18 to redundancies and opportunities for committee to achieve this constructive 0 vote on Tuesday, December 12, to re- streamlining. resolution to many of the serious dis- port the Start II treaty to the Senate, In this case, though, the three agen- agreements related to S. 908. are examples of our potential for the cies that I will now mention will, in The managers’ amendment makes new year. As ranking minority member my view, be emasculated by this bill. significant improvements in the bill of the Committee on Foreign Rela- The Agency for International Develop- with respect to two critical areas: the tions, I pledge to work with our chair- ment and the United States Informa- reorganization of the foreign affairs man to address the issues before our tion Agency effectively are mandated agencies and those provisions related committee in the new year in a bipar- for closing. Most important in my view to the United Nations and its special- tisan and constructive manner. Al- is the supreme irony that just as we fi- ized agencies. though we have agreed to disagree on nally are allowed by the chairman of As we all know, much of the opposi- many policy issues, we are friends and the Foreign Relations Committee to tion to this bill focused on the manda- colleagues with a long-standing mutual free up the START II Treaty, this bill tory abolition of AID, USIA, and ACDA respect for each other. would severely cut the Arms Control and the transfer of some of their func- I yield the floor. and Disarmament Agency. tions and personnel to the Department Mr. BIDEN addressed the Chair. of State. I was particularly concerned The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- All of the three agencies I have just that ACDA would be abolished because ator from Delaware. mentioned have been streamlining I feared that it would eliminate the Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I rise themselves and cutting overlapping independent voice on arms control today to register my opposition to S. functions. All three of them have al- issues that every President should 908, the State Department authoriza- ready been taking a good, hard look at have, and a concept which every Presi- tion and reorganization bill. Before I their missions and have been respond- dent since President Kennedy has sup- begin briefly to state my reasons, let ing to changing circumstances. ported. me compliment both the Senator from The Agency for International Devel- I am pleased that the compromise Massachusetts, Senator KERRY, and the opment, for example, has pioneered en- takes a different approach. No agencies chairman of the full committee. I com- terprise funds, which have created

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18622 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 partnerships between the private sec- It has had to cancel, which I find as- Great Britain, India, Japan, Malaysia, tor and the Government. tounding, the 1995 Foreign Service ex- the Netherlands, Norway, the Russia USIA has attempted to utilize mod- aminations—I repeat, has had to cancel Federation, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Swe- ern information technologies to spread the 1995 Foreign Service examinations. den, and Thailand. Why are they there? the message of the United States to the That means, of course, that our coun- To do business. rest of the world. It has also entered try is cutting off any chance of attract- So, Mr. President, after we take into local partnerships whenever pos- ing the best and the brightest of our down the Stars and Stripes and close sible to conserve funds. college and university graduates into our consulate in Medan, what will hap- Perhaps the biggest mystery to me is the diplomatic service this year. Talk pen when an American corporation why the advocates of this bill think about being penny-wise and pound-fool- eager to break into the Indonesian that the Arms Control and Disar- ish. My goodness. market goes to Medan? Our American mament Agency has outlived its use- The State Department has been corporate representative can walk fulness. In the confusion of the current forced to slate 19 overseas posts for clo- down to the the Japanese consulate post-cold-war era, the danger of the sure in fiscal year 1996. The list of where the nice Japanese attache will proliferation of nuclear weapons has these posts makes the hair of any undoubtedly be happy to help out with dramatically increased, not de- internationally minded American business contacts and other valuable creased—I repeat, dramatically in- stand on end. Permit me to elaborate a information that the American cor- creased. bit on this point, using Zurich, Swit- poration needs. Now more than ever, the critical zerland, as an illustrative example of Although this bill is largely a cre- independence of ACDA is needed to the folly that congressionally induced ation of the majority party, there is counter the natural tendency of the budget slashing has wrought. Zurich is, plenty of blame to spread around. I re- State Department to defer to bilateral of course, Switzerland’s largest city gret to say that the administration, in relationships in sticky situations. and its economic and financial center. its zeal to reinvent Government, has Another irony is that those proposing In fact, it ranks as the world’s fourth aided and abetted the feeding frenzy of the cuts are the very ones who have largest financial center. Many Amer- the small Government ideologues. been most critical of the State Depart- ican multinational corporations have To be fair, this bill can be viewed as ment for allegedly having an instinct their regional headquarters there, in- but the logical culmination of a decade to become captives of the countries cluding Dow, Kraft, General Motors, of denigrating the nonmilitary compo- with which we deal. and many others. In the other direc- nent of American foreign policy. Most ACDA has a proven track record of tion, Switzerland was the second larg- of us, this Senator included, have voted nonpolitical expertise, which we can est foreign direct investor in the for reductions in one area of foreign ill-afford to lose at this time. United States in 1994. policy or another to spare what we So, Mr. President, what do we do? We The situation at the State Depart- deem to be more important programs. ment, which would absorb the agencies close the consulate in Zurich, Switzer- But, Mr. President, this goes over- whose independence is to be sacrificed, land, which does not make a lot of board. This bill goes far beyond what sense. I do not think it is a stretch to is hardly any better. Mr. President, the we have seen before. Previous cuts in say that Zurich is a rather important Department of State, the principal ve- the budget for carrying out our foreign city to American business. Apparently hicle for carrying out American foreign policy, whether they were proven cor- other countries also perceive Zurich’s policy, has already been forced into de- rect or not, were at least undertaken central position in international fi- bilitating reductions. with a view toward strengthening the nance and trade; 59 other countries The international affairs budget is international role of the United States have consulates there. As one might now 45 percent lower in real terms than of America. expect, all of the other leading powers it was in 1984. Altogether it represents As I have demonstrated earlier, the in the world have representation in Zu- only 1.3 percent of Federal spending. agencies charged with executing our rich, but smaller nations also consider Over the past 3 years alone, the State foreign policy have not been ‘‘fat cats’’ it in their interest to be represented in Department’s budget has been de- of the Federal budget, unwilling to Zurich—The Gambia, Lesotho, Mon- creased in real terms by 15 percent at change. On the contrary, Mr. Presi- golia, Nepal, Rwanda, the Republic of dent, they have absorbed massive cuts the same time the Department’s re- the Seychelles, Swaziland, Vanuatu. up to this point. I repeat, the inter- sponsibilities have increased with the The list goes on. emergence of new countries in the Mr. President, with all due respect to national affairs budget is already, be- wake of the breakup of the former So- our friends in The Gambia, Lesotho, fore we pass this bill, 45 percent in real viet Union. Moreover, since 1993 there Mongolia, Nepal, Rwanda, and so on, I terms below what it was in 1984. And as has been a 30-percent increase in pass- find it rather incredible to believe that I have said, the State Department, port issuances to U.S. citizens to travel their governments can somehow find USIA, ACDA, and AID have already im- abroad. the funding that they need to keep con- plemented severe staff reductions. What has the result been? The State sulates open in Zurich, and the United Moreover, we are talking about only 1.3 Department has taken the following States of America, the world’s only su- percent of Federal spending here. actions to reduce the cost of con- perpower and largest economic engine So, Mr. President, I think it is to- ducting U.S. diplomatic and consular in the world, cannot. We cannot find tally false to assert either that our for- relations. the money to keep a consulate open in eign policy agencies have not reformed First, it has cut its total work force the vitally important city of Zurich, a themselves or that the very carrying by 1,700 persons. consulate, I might add, that I have out of our foreign policy is a ‘‘big tick- It has downsized the Senior Foreign never visited. et’’ item in the Federal budget. Service by 19 percent. And here, Mr. But let me not be too Eurocentric, No, Mr. President, the impetus for President, I submit that we are wast- Mr. President. Another post slated for this proposed legislation is not rooted ing a precious national resource, the closing, thanks to congressional budg- in demonstrated need. On the contrary, kind of expertise built up over the dec- etary wisdom, is Medan, Indonesia. As I am sorry to say, the bill has its gen- ades that in the short term simply can- you know, Indonesia, with a population esis in a strain of isolationist thought not be replicated. of over 200 million people, is the fourth that harkens back to the 1920’s and It has also reduced overseas allow- largest country in the world. 1930’s, which many of us thought was ances. It is also the largest Moslem-major- but an unpleasant memory. It has cut its administrative expenses ity nation on Earth. Its economy offers By imposing crippling budget cuts on by almost $100 million. numerous opportunities for foreign in- three foreign affairs agencies that have It has reduced expenditures on diplo- vestment. And Medan, after the capital served this country well for decades: matic security by 15 percent. And, Mr. Jakarta, is Indonesia’s most important the Arms Control and Disarmament President, I doubt anyone would claim commercial center. Agency, the Agency for International that we live in a safer international en- Other countries with consular offices Development, and the U.S. Information vironment. in Medan include Belgium, Germany, Agency, I think this bill virtually

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18623 assures their demise. That is part of formed about what the bill in fact pro- two Federal agencies run almost $2 bil- the bill’s purpose. posed and now proposes. lion in international exchanges every Moreover, Mr. President, the State Acting in his name had been a con- year. The point is, the American people Department, which would inherit the cert of the bureaucrats heading the must not be deceived or misled into be- remains of those agencies, would itself three agencies, the three agencies that lieving that we only spend 1.3 percent, be forced into yet another round of five Secretaries of State, plus Warren or 1 percent, of the Federal budget on devastating cuts. Some of those con- Christopher, the President’s Secretary our foreign policy. It simply is not so, sequences, as I have earlier indicated, of State, had stipulated ought to be and that deception ought to be brought would be absurdly funny were they not abolished and folded into the State De- to an end. so tragic. partment because they had become Mr. President, I yield the floor. Mr. President, this bill represents anachronisms of a bygone era. Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I do not backdoor isolationism pure and simple. Senator BIDEN is also wrong about want to get into a debate with my At a time when international affairs this bill having anything to do with friend, and there is nothing personal has become more complex, its passage the cancellation of the Foreign Service about what I said. Let me reiterate would signal to the world an American examination. The closing of diplomatic what I actually said. My criticism and desire to simplify what cannot be sim- missions was not only a recommenda- compliment to my friend from North plified. tion of the last two administrations, as Carolina was not that he was original Combined with Republican-mandated I said in my opening remarks, but also in what he has done, in the sense that cuts in the already meager foreign as- of the President of the United States. he had support from like-minded sistance budget, this bill would lead in- So it is unfair—and I know that the former Secretaries, or even, at one eluctably in a few years to a situation Senator from Delaware does not intend time, from the present Secretary, or in which the American President would to be unfair—but he is following the perhaps even from the President. My have little choice in an international same line that the news media have comments related not to him—it is not crisis between doing nothing and send- followed from the very beginning. what he proposed but the fact that he ing in the military. This bill, I believe, Why did five former Secretaries of denied us our ability to dispose of am- is the worst kind of ideologically-driv- State help us draft this bill and pub- bassadorial nominations and the en false economy. It is a dressed-up iso- licly endorse it? Why did the present START II Treaty. lationist exercise. It is not worthy of a Secretary of State go down to the My disagreement is not only with country that claims the mantle of White House and propose, in large him on this legislation. I also men- world leadership. measure or in some measure, what we tioned the Secretary of State when we I know that many of my colleagues are proposing with this S. 908? Those were referring to the State Department share my deep misgivings about this are things that the Senator from Dela- and the President of the United States. Congress’ evident desire to shrink ware just smooths over. And I know he I think, with all due respect, all the America’s international role. Opposi- does not intend to be unfair because he supporters of this effort are being tion to this bill offers an opportunity is a fair individual. He and I came to shortsighted. So the chairman is not to reassert the centrality of America’s the Senate the same day. alone in what I characterize as ‘‘short- involvement in the world. I urge my This bill is intended to strengthen sightedness’’ as it relates to what our colleagues to join me in voting against the Secretary of State organizationally policy should be. My reference to him S. 908. speaking. Warren Christopher wanted was explicitly for his unique ability to I yield the floor. it done but he was rebuffed. Now, if you fashion a way to get his point across in Mr. HELMS addressed the Chair. disagree with Mr. Christopher, that is this case, which was by denying us the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- your business, I will say to the able ability to dispose of the START II T ator from North Carolina. Senator from Delaware. But the fact is, treaty and dispose of ambassadorial Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I am not there have been changes in this world, nominations, all of which were ready going to debate the distinguished Sen- as I tried to emphasize in my own re- to go. I complimented him on his inge- ator from Delaware. I will say, he has marks. And the U.S. foreign policy ap- nuity. a very selective memory. And like all paratus must change with the times. I have tried to learn from him. We of us, I suppose he remembers things Let me address a statement that is so have been here together since January that have not happened. But that is all often made by the State Department 1973, and I have watched him, and right. The Senator forgot, for example, and various others and political Democratic predecessors, like the de- to mention the continuous efforts on operatives who support the status quo. ceased Senator Jim Allen, and others, our part to persuade the administra- Senator KERRY said over and over use their great skills to be able to get tion to engage in negotiations. again in his remarks that spending on the results that they sought. I com- On August 11 of this year I had per- the U.S. foreign affairs budget takes up pliment him on it, but I think it is the suaded, through a friend in the White only 1 percent of the Federal budget, I wrong way to do it. I think it was a House, the White House to have the believe he said 1 percent. Well, the 1.3 high price to be paid in order to get President invite me and our staff to is correct, but it is not incorrect to say agreement. the White House to brief the President that that is what is spent on operating So I want to be clear. He was not on our legislative proposal. What it in the foreign policy apparatus because original in his notion that we should fact proposed and what the critics of it the foreign policy apparatus reaches cut these consulates. He joined other, I said it would propose were two dif- out and utilizes the rest of Govern- think, wrong-headed proposals to close ferent things. ment, and the cost of what they reach them. My reference to him was explic- President Clinton was entirely gra- out and get greatly increases that fig- itly that I hope we do not have a rep- cious when we arrived. We did not meet ure because the 1.3 does not include etition of shutting down the business him on the first floor. He took us up to spending on foreign policy objectives of the committee while we arrive at a the family quarters. And we spent 1 from our domestic accounts. That fig- conclusion that is satisfactory to who- hour and 20 minutes demonstrating the ure does not include the money ever the chairman is then. details of the proposal. Vice President usurped from the Department of De- The distinguished Senator from GORE was there, as was the Secretary fense. I mentioned the $2 billion spent Rhode Island has announced his retire- of State, the White House Chief of on Somalia. I mentioned the nearly $2 ment. The Senator from North Caro- Staff, and the Deputy National Secu- billion that has been spent on Haiti, lina and the Senator from Delaware are rity Adviser. I sat between the Presi- thus far, and much more is going to be seeking reelection. The Lord only dent and the Vice President, as a mat- spent in Haiti before we are through. knows, and our constituents know, ter of fact. Several times during the The Lord only knows how much is whether both of us will be back, and briefing the President leaned over to going to be spent in and on Bosnia; $2 the odds are that he may be back as me and said, ‘‘Who could be against or $3 billion has been mentioned. It is chairman. But it is also possible that that? Who could be against that?’’ dis- going to be at least that much, and the Senator from Delaware may be closing clearly that he had not been in- probably substantially more. Thirty- back as chairman of the committee.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18624 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 That is the only reference that I was ator from North Carolina. He is one of ator PELL said, ‘‘Correct.’’ And I in- making. It seems to me that what he its more avid practitioners here in the quired, ‘‘Has my colleague ever seen did was legal use, in a senatorial sense, Senate. anything comparable to what is now of the power of chairmanship, but I So I am not moved by the fact that taking place?’’ Senator PELL said, ‘‘No, think unprecedented and, I hope, not to his measure, in effect, was blocked be- and that is the point that bothers me.’’ be repeated. cause they were unable to produce the I said, ‘‘I thank the Senator,’’ and Sen- I yield the floor. 60-vote margin. They tried to do it and ator PELL went on to say: Mr. HELMS. It is not a violation of fell short on two occasions. Not having I think we should deal with the question of the rules, and it is not undesirable un- been able to get his way on this impor- extension of MEPFA on its merits and the less the other guy is doing it to you. I tant substantive matter about which merits clearly lie with the quick passage of remember when the other side was in there were great divisions, a lot of the short-term extension. We should not, as Senator Kerry noted, trifle with the peace the majority, with a different chair- strong feelings, and a lot of differing process for the sake of reorganizing our bu- manship. I must say that Senator PELL views about what was appropriate, the reaucracy. We should pass the MEPFA now has always been a thoroughbred gentle- Senator from North Carolina proceeded with no linkage. In this regard, I am particu- men. I have said that in many public to take the ambassadorial nominees larly struck by the words of the Senator forums, and I think he knows I mean hostage. He shut down the work of the from Maryland. I know I am correct in say- it. I hope that some may later on think Senate Foreign Relations Committee, ing I am the only former Foreign Service of- that I am a gentleman, too. ficer in the Senate. Because the Foreign of which he is the chairman, holding up Service was only created in 1926 under the But I am interested in getting the job such important matters as the START Rogers Act, I think I am the only Foreign done. I reiterate, as I said at the very II treaty and the Chemical Weapons Service officer ever to have served in the outset this afternoon, that this could Convention. Senate. I would also point out this linkage have been handled months ago if the In other words, because he could not that is being created by the chairman of the other side had been willing only to let get his way on a substantive matter, he committee not only sets a bad precedent but the Senate speak on the bill. But, no, then refused for 4 months to allow the is a linkage that should never have been no, the first day when it came up, they committee to carry out its functions made in the first instance. It has not been done in the past, and it would be a great sin brought out Mr. KENNEDY from Massa- and responsibilities. We were not able to move this way now. chusetts to speak for 1 hour and 20 to do any business—no legislation, no Now, I agree completely with those minutes on the minimum wage. Some nominations, no treaties. This is hos- remarks of the distinguished Senator things are hard to understand. But I tage-taking par excellence. from Rhode Island. The Senator from figured out, after a while, that they Then we are being told, you have to North Carolina, unable to get the votes were filibustering, that they did not negotiate. The United States says to to invoke cloture—a process, as I indi- want the Senate to speak its mind on the world, if you take our people hos- cated earlier, he has used himself re- this bill. It began there. But if we had tage we will not negotiate under those peatedly on the floor of the Senate— circumstances. We will not be coerced had a vote, no Ambassador would have then decided to use that bill as lever- that way. been held up. And if we let the Senate age. He was saying, in effect, ‘‘I will Now, I have never, in the time I have function as it is intended to function take every other aspect of business of served here, encountered anything from now on, no Ambassador will be the committee hostage. No ambas- comparable to what has occurred in held up in the future. sadors, no treaties, no legislation, no this instance, in terms of grinding the I am going to use every technique Middle East Peace Facilitation Act. whole range of work to a halt—particu- that comes to my mind to try to do the You will have to come to terms with larly by the chairman of a committee, best I can for my country. Now, if the me on this reorganization.’’ Senator wants to talk about what it which, after all, carries with it certain Now, looking at the national inter- costs to operate the foreign policy es- important responsibilities. ests of the United States, the fact of tablishment, we can get into details I remember the former chairman of the matter is that ambassadors and like, why did the United States State the committee was on the floor when treaties, which are important to our Department, or the foreign aid appa- the Middle East Peace Facilitation Act Nation’s interests and upon which we ratus, have 600 people stationed in was being subjected to this very tactic should have been acting, were delayed Cairo, Egypt, alone to give away to which I made reference. It was like over the controversy with respect to money? Since I brought it up, they a rolling snowball. Anything that came this legislation. have reduced, somewhat, the number of along, the Senator from North Carolina Now, I understand the Senator wants people in AID, the Agency for Inter- encompassed within his rolling snow- his reorganization bill. A number of us national Development, stationed in ball and sought to hold hostage in disagree with that. Fine, I am ready to Cairo. It is something over 400 now. order to increase his leverage to get his fight out that issue on that legislation. But they did not do a cotton-picking way on the reorganization measure. But, to change the pressures, to in- thing about it until I began talking So we encountered this with respect crease the leverage, he decided instead about it in this bill. I am going to do to the Middle East Peace Facilitation to do a hostage-taking action, which is the best I can for what I believe in, and Act, in addition to holding the ambas- exactly what occurred here. I know the Senator from Delaware sadors hostage, in addition to these Over the past 6 months there has feels the same way about it. We will do treaties that were left to languish, in been a long and growing list of ambas- the best we can together. addition to whatever legislation was in sadorial nominees—currently 19—who I yield the floor. the committee. In fact, at that time had their hearings and were ready to be Mr. SARBANES addressed the Chair. the former chairman of the committee, reported. Many of them had their hear- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- the distinguished Senator from Rhode ings in July and have been waiting ator from Maryland is recognized. Island, said, ‘‘I absolutely agree it is since then—it is now December—to be Mr. SARBANES. Mr. President, let inappropriate to link MEPFA to the approved by the Senate. Meanwhile, me say that the way this situation de- State Department legislation. I do not the countries to which they would go veloped is, the Senator from North recall in the years I have been in the have no American ambassadors on the Carolina, the chairman of the Senate Senate, 35, or as chairman of the com- scene, no heads of mission, no one co- Foreign Relations Committee, reported mittee, any similar action being ordinating the American presence in from the committee a reorganization taken.’’ that country. Now, most of these am- bill on a 10–8 vote, a straight party-line I then said, ‘‘Will the chairman yield bassadors were career members of the vote. There was no bipartisanship on on that point? When did the former Foreign Service, people who have com- that issue. He then sought to bring chairman, if I may say, the very distin- mitted themselves to serving our Na- that bill up on the floor and was not guished former chairman, go on the tion in these very important ways. Mr. able to get 60 votes in order to invoke Foreign Relations Committee?’’ Mr. President, 15 of the 19 are career offi- cloture. Now, pushing the other side to PELL said, ‘‘I think it was 1964.’’ And I cers. They included nominees for a invoke cloture is not a tactic strange asked, ‘‘So the Senator has been on it number of major posts, including Ma- or unfamiliar to the distinguished Sen- more than three decades?’’ And Sen- laysia, Cambodia, Thailand, Indonesia,

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18625 Pakistan, Oman, Lebanon, and South tention. But it does not believe the country’s increase the pressure and the leverage Africa. Our former distinguished col- larger interests are served by linking action with respect to an unrelated piece of league, Jim Sasser, was nominated to on that bill to the ambassadorial nomination legislation. go to China. Our relationships with all process. Doing so would have the United In addition to the ambassadors, he these countries have been suffering be- States without appropriate representation in also held hostage some very important these countries at a time of dramatic, his- cause we have no U.S. ambassadors toric global change. treaties—the START II treaty and the there. We believe that decisions on America’s dip- Chemical Weapons Convention. We Why are the ambassadors not there? lomatic representation abroad, including passed amendments and resolutions Not because questions are being raised both the timing of such action and the quali- right here on the Senate floor express- about a particular ambassador and his fications of those nominated, should be made ing our desire to see these treaties rati- or her qualifications, which of course is strictly on the basis of our interests in the fied and implemented at the earliest a legitimate reason. If someone is hold- country involved. possible date. ing up an ambassador on the floor of Frankly, I think this willingness to As Spurgeon Keeney, the head of the the Senate because they do not think make pawns out of ambassadorial Arms Control Association, recently that person is qualified, or because of nominees, most of whom, as I indi- wrote: some other difficulty directly related cated, are career people, is a denigra- Failure to complete Senate action prompt- to the nominee, that is a fight that tion of the career service. ly could delay for years the entry into force ought to be fought with respect to that I am increasingly concerned about of these agreements with great disadvantage ambassador. None of that has happened the extent to which that is taking to U.S. security. here. No one was asserting that any of place and is engaged in by some of my U.S. security is being disadvantaged these ambassadors had any deficiency. colleagues. by this holdup. The START II treaty, They were all being held as a pressure At an earlier time, the Senator from from all testimony and from all anal- tactic on the reorganization bill. Texas asserted that he favored deep ysis, clearly serves our national inter- Hundreds of Foreign Service officers cuts in spending for diplomatic activi- est. It is a very important measure in recommended for promotion were also ties to curb the department’s alleged terms of reducing the nuclear arsenal, being held up. These are career people. penchant for ‘‘building marble palaces and bringing the nuclear danger under They have committed themselves to and renting long coats and high hats.’’ greater control. Yet, that treaty has the Foreign Service. There is an estab- Such an attack on our professionals been held up over this reorganization lished process by which they move for- is extremely unfair. They in fact are issue. ward within the Foreign Service. The risking their lives. Some are losing Let me turn to the substance of this promotion list comes to the Senate and their lives. Yet, we have Members of bill. I understand that the distin- we act on it. Yet all of them were being this body who attack them for sup- guished Senator from Massachusetts, held up. posedly wearing long coats and high Senator KERRY, labored under a very Obviously, this is an unfair situation hats and living in marble houses. difficult assignment and under very to the individual nominees, who have Ambassador Robert Frasure, who had trying circumstances. He has received absolutely nothing to do with the reor- so much to do with moving the efforts a lot of unfair criticism, much of it ganization proposal by the Senator toward peace forward in the Balkans, from the other side. He was praised from North Carolina. In addition to lost his life in Bosnia. As the State De- today, but along the way he was sharp- being unfair to the nominees and their partment spokesman put it, when Am- ly criticized, which I think was very families, it is contrary to the interests bassador Frasure was killed ‘‘he was unfair to him. of the United States. The authorization levels in this legis- riding in an armored personnel carrier We need to have our ambassadors out lation, in my judgment, impose such and wearing a flak jacket, not striped there in the field promoting U.S. inter- deep cuts in administrative expenses pants.’’ ests such as human rights, conflict res- that we run the risk of having, as the Ambassador Frasure’s widow wrote a olution, antiterrorism, counter- American Foreign Service Association very moving letter to the Washington narcotics cooperation, and increasing said, ‘‘hollowed-out agencies’’. They ar- Post, in the course of which she said, in U.S. exports. We need them there to re- gued in a letter to the members of the defense of her husband—it should have spond to incidents before they become committee that actually what was hap- never been necessary for her to have to crises, to assist U.S. tourists and busi- pening was a shift from streamlining defend him—but in the course of which ness people, to promote U.S. goodwill, agencies to hollowing-out agencies. she said: and to spread American values and And they then make the point, and I ideals. The fact that they are not there Our diplomats are some of the finest, brav- quote: est, most courageous people I have ever met. and have not been there for a number It makes little sense to AFSA that at a of months causes friction in our diplo- In the past 10 years alone, my husband and I mourned the death of seven of our friends time when American leadership and ideas matic relations and erodes and under- and Embassy colleagues. are needed and welcomed throughout the cuts the ability of the United States to world, we would undercut our ability to op- She then listed them, and went on to influence developments around the erate abroad. Lack of adequate funds and world. comment about the remarks about staff to actively represent its national inter- Mr. President, I am further con- long coats and high hats and marble ests abroad send the wrong message. The cerned because I think that taking peo- palaces: costs of fighting totalitarianism during I am outraged also because I remember the World War II and the Cold War were ex- ple hostage this way is yet another at- tremely high. Having won those wars, we tack on the career Foreign Service, dangers as well as the many hardships our family endured in Bob’s 20-year career. cannot now afford to turn our back on the which is extremely unfortunate. In world or sacrifice our hard-fought victories fact, we received a letter back in Au- That is from a very moving letter by by failing to adequately fund diplomacy—our gust from the American Academy of Katharina Frasure, the widow of am- country’s first, most cost effective, and least Diplomacy with respect to the ambas- bassador Robert Frasure who came to risky line of defense in these dangerous sadors that were being held up. Let me his untimely and much-grieved death times. just quote that letter, which was writ- in Bosnia. The amount authorized here for dip- ten to Chairman HELMS of the Senate In fact, over the past 25 years more lomatic and consular programs at the Foreign Relations Committee: American ambassadors than generals State Department is $30 million below DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: The Academy has have been killed in the line of duty. the level in the Commerce-Justice- noted, according to press reports of August 2, So I think we ought to treat the For- State appropriations conference report, that following a deadlock in the Senate on eign Service with a greater measure of $60 million below the administration’s the State Department authorization bill, a respect. Holding up ambassadors for request. These are funds needed to as- hold would be placed on 17 ambassadorial reasons unrelated to their qualifica- sist American travelers abroad, to nominations and that committee action was tions or their mission is not the way being canceled or postponed on 22 other process visas, to keep open consulates, nominations subject to Senate confirmation. we ought to be doing business here. conduct diplomatic affairs. The Academy has taken no position on the And I regret that these able men and Funding for salaries and expenses at authorization bill which is currently in con- women were held hostage in order to USIA is also cut drastically. The same

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18626 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 is true at the Arms Control and Disar- Salvador, and on and on around the combat hunger and poverty in 31 countries of mament Agency and at the Agency for world. We should not forget that the Asia, Africa, Latin America and the Carib- International Development. United Nations cannot take any sig- bean. At the same time we believe it is very In my view, the cuts being proposed nificant action if the United States important that the US Agency for Inter- here are excessive and will result in national Development maintain its ability does not concur with it because we can to offer significant support for poverty alle- impeding our ability to carry out U.S. simply veto it in the Security Council. viation, basic infrastructure, demining and foreign policy effectively overseas. I There is a also very troubling provi- health programs which are beyond the finan- agree with the American Foreign Serv- sion in section 604 relating to Iraqi cial capacity of non-governmental organiza- ice Association’s assessment that these claims. This is a complicated issue. It tions and which can determine the long-term cuts will lead to hollowed out agencies has been the source of intensive nego- success of smaller NGO efforts like those of at the very time, with the end of the tiations, but it has very serious na- our local partner organizations. cold war, that there is an opportunity tional implications. For these reasons Oxfam America is seri- ously concerned that under S. 908, the State for the skillful and effective use of di- Briefly, the situation is as follows. Department authorization bill, USAID will plomacy. At the very time when Amer- When Iraq invaded Kuwait, the United share a five-year budget cut of $935 million ican leadership and ideas are needed States froze all Iraq’s assets in United with the State Department’s other two inde- and welcomed throughout the world, States banks. The number of claims on pendent agencies. Although we understand we would undercut our ability to oper- those assets from U.S. veterans and that this budget formula was devised as an ate abroad. business people far exceeds the amount alternative to a mandated merging of the I think this is an important issue. of the frozen funds. Yet there is a pro- three independent agencies, we fear that People get up on the floor and they vision in this legislation to allow a such cuts, on top of current year reductions, make speeches about America’s leader- will destroy the US commitment to offer a small group of claimants to come in meaningful level of fundamental develop- ship in the world. Then they fail to and get 100 percent of their money, ment assistance to the poorest countries. provide the wherewithal, or the re- leaving less available for the veterans Further, we are aware that passage of S. sources with which to exercise that and other businesses who have equally 908 will result in conference with H.R. 1561— leadership. Many seem to think that valid claims. There will not be enough a bill which incorporates a foreign aid au- leadership only exists in the military money left to go around for the rest of thorization for the first time since 1985. We sphere, not recognizing the important these people. understand that in addition to a 30 percent accomplishments that can be done in The Bankers Association for Foreign across-the-board cut in development assist- ance, H.R. 1561 includes many regressive for- the political and diplomatic sphere, Trade wrote, calling the amended lan- eign aid authorization measures. With pas- and the interaction between the polit- guage ‘‘bad public policy.’’ They oppose sage of S. 908, the Senate would therefore ical and diplomatic sphere and the it ‘‘not only because it would give pref- face compromise with such provisions with- military sphere. erence to a small, select group of unse- out ever having debated and passed its own In addition to these funding levels, cured creditors as against others simi- foreign aid authorization legislation. which I think are a very basic failing larly situated. More importantly, it From Oxfam America’s perspective, S. 908 with this legislation, there are other would inevitably increase the cost of poses an unacceptable threat to the United substantive provisions that remain trade finance for U.S. exporters rel- States’ ability to significantly reduce hun- deeply troubling. One section requires ger, misery and human underdevelopment as ative to their foreign competitors.’’ the 21st century dawns. massive RIF’s by USIA and AID in 1996 I close by again expressing my re- Oxfam America urges senators to vote and 1997; in one instance by more than spects to the Senator from Massachu- against the passage of S. 908. 50 percent. That, in effect, would finish setts for his hard work. I think the the Agency. There has been no study of managers’ amendment is an improve- NATIONAL WILDLIFE FEDERATION, consequence to support the effort to ment to the bill itself. I do not for a Washington, DC, December 11, 1995. abolish these agencies that is at all moment contest that. But I still think VOTE NOTOS. 908, THE FOREIGN RELATIONS comparable with the studies that were that overall, this legislation is heading REVITALIZATION ACT made in establishing the agencies to in the wrong direction. It may be less National Wildlife Federation opposes S. begin with. If one goes back and looks bad, and a lot of very skillful work was 908, The Foreigns Revitalization Act be- at the process of analysis that was done by the Senator from Massachu- cause: made when the decision was made to setts to bring that about. It was an as- The US cannot continue to call itself a establish these agencies, and the ra- signment, in effect, handed to him, to world leader if it passes this Bill. Humani- tarian and environmental assistance are in- tionale that was given—much of which which I think he responded with great vestments in the future. They have consist- I think remains valid, but if you want skill. But I do not think that this legis- ently paid off for the US in the past, and to argue that, fine—but there is no lation warrants our support. have been vital to maintaining the US as the comparable counterpresentation to There is every expectation when it leader of the free world. As the US with- support eliminating the agencies. goes to conference it will only get draws from development assistance, its Actually, there was a commission worse. The House bill with which it standing in the international community, its that recommended AID be eliminated, will be conferenced includes a whole influence in multilateral organizations, its and now the head of that commission is host of objectionable provisions. voice and vote will be worth less and less. in favor of keeping it, particularly on For altruistic and for self-interested reasons, So, in closing, I have a number of let- we need to stay engaged in the world. For- the basis of the very significant re- ters, some of which I will have printed eign aid is a crucial part of this engagement. forms that have been made at AID in the RECORD. It would cripple the US Agency for Inter- under its present administrator, Brian I ask unanimous consent to have national Development. The latest com- Atwood. them printed in the RECORD at the con- promise offered by Senator Helms would ne- This legislation places onerous new clusion of my remarks. cessitate such heavy cuts to programs and conditions on our participation in the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without operating expenses at the US Agency for United Nations. It requires the with- objection, it is so ordered. International Development that even if it holding of 20 percent of our contribu- (See exhibit 1.) continues in existence it will be unable to Mr. SARBANES. The various private carry out its mission. This will signal to the tions to the United Nations, 50 percent international community that the US shrugs of our contributions for assessed peace- voluntary organizations that are en- off its commitments to poverty alleviation keeping, and 100 percent of our con- gaged in overseas development, Bread around the world, to building democracy and tributions for voluntary peacekeeping, for the World, Oxfam, InterAction, and to conserving natural resources. The US will until an extensive list of certifications other similar groups, all indicate their be diminished by this withdrawal from the is made. The United States, unfortu- opposition to this legislation. developing world, and our long-term inter- nately—I regret to say this—is now the I urge my colleagues to oppose it. I ests will suffer. largest deadbeat at the United Nations yield the floor. The bill micro-manages US foreign policy. Although the compromise version would not in terms of meeting its obligations. Yet EXHIBIT 1 mandate a reorganization of USAID, the sav- we repeatedly turn to the United Na- OXFAM AMERICA URGES REJECTION OF S. 908 ings goal of $1.7 billion in five years with tions in order to accomplish important As a privately funded development agency, only 15% coming from State Department objectives, in Cambodia, Angola, El Oxfam America supports self-help projects to means that USAID will have to be sacrificed.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18627 This sort of reorganization is the prerogative BANKERS’ ASSOCIATION FOR So it is my hope we will work to con- of the Executive branch. FOREIGN TRADE, tinue the process of improving it. I The House companion Bill, HR 1561 is un- Washington, DC, December 13, 1995. have that assurance from the Senator acceptable for many reasons, including dra- POSITION PAPER ON SECTION 604 OF S. 908 from North Carolina. It is with that conian cuts to sustainable development pro- The Committee’s final proposed version of grams, the inclusion of the Mexico City Pol- understanding and hope—‘‘hope springs Section 604 of S. 908 does not mitigate the eternal,’’ for at least this Senator—it icy, and elimination of funds for the Inter- threat to U.S. exports implicit in this special American and African Development Founda- interest legislation. is my hope we will be able to continue tions. The passage of S. 908 increases the The current version of Section 604 con- improving this legislation as we go for- likelihood that provisions of HR 1561 would tinues to change established letter of credit ward from here, and I look forward to become law. law and practice by proposing to grant hold- doing that. Vote ‘‘No’’ on S. 908, the Foreign Relations ers of advised letters of credit the status of Mr. SIMPSON addressed the Chair. Revitalization Act. secured creditors, which under present letter The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. GOR- of credit law inures only to holders of con- TON). The Senator from Wyoming. BREAD FOR THE WORLD, firmed letters of credit. Does the Senator from North Caro- Silver Spring, MD, November 21, 1995. This outcome is bad public policy not only lina yield time to the Senator from Senator PAUL SARBANES, because it would give preference to a small, U.S. Senate, select group of unsecured creditors as Wyoming? Washington, DC. against others similarly situated. More im- Mr. HELMS. I certainly do, Mr. DEAR SENATOR SARBANES: As the Senate portantly, it would inevitably increase the President. Foreign Relations Committee proceeds in ne- cost of trade finance for U.S. exporters rel- Mr. SIMPSON. Mr. President, I gotiations over a manager’s amendment to S ative to their foreign competitors. thank my friend from North Carolina. I This unfortunate result flows from the fact 908, the Foreign Relations Revitalization Act will not transgress greatly on the time of 1995, Bread for the World urges you not to that even in its final form, Section 604 sets the damaging precedent of giving advised remaining to him. make any deal that would force the merger Let me speak clearly, I hope, on an of the U.S. Agency for International Devel- letters of credit holders the same security opment into the State Department or other- status as holders of confirmed letters of issue which is, I think, very critical, wise severely weaken its capacity to carry credit. and it comes up in the House version of If banks are forced by Section 604 to face out long-term development. this legislation and at this level with unanticipated risks by issuing advised let- We are concerned that the committee has regard to the present legislation. ters of credit, they will have to charge more agreed to terms which, even without directly for this method of trade finance to guard I call to my colleagues’ attention a eliminating USAID, might indirectly accom- against similar loss in the future. The in- front-page article in the November 4 plish this end by requiring a $1.7 billion cut crease in cost will be substantial and would issue of the Washington Times, a piece to administrative costs over five years. Be- be an added burden for U.S. exporters that by Michael Hedges describing a pattern cause cuts to the State Department would be their overseas competitors will not have to of the most serious abuse in the admis- limited to 15 percent, or $255 million, the pay. burden of the budget cuts will fall heavily on sion of refugees under the so-called This is why the Treasury Department con- Lautenberg amendment. USAID, the agency with the largest oper- tinues to oppose Section 604 and has stated ating and program budget among the three so for the record. It is also why OMB has in- First, let me say my friend, Senator agencies in question. Such deep cuts could dicated its opposition on behalf of the Ad- FRANK LAUTENBERG, is a very able leg- cripple USAID’s ability to manage programs, ministration. islator, a friend, a person I very much maintain an overseas field presence, and ex- Trying to find a compromise version on enjoy working with. I have tried to re- ercise leadership in the donor community. Section 604 is like trying to compromise the sist this legislation from its inception. They would also yield greater authority on difference between certified checks and ordi- But, nevertheless, the Senate felt we aid decisions to the State Department, thus nary checks. The only solution is to delete should go forward. And now it has been subordinating long-term efforts to reduce the provision from the bill. for more than 6 years since the so- hunger and poverty to short-term political The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- called Lautenberg amendment first pressures. Furthermore, the agreement en- ator from Massachusetts. provided a very dramatic exception to courages Senator Helms in his strategy to Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, I know hold foreign policy matters, however urgent, the definition of a refugee in the Ref- hostage to his demands. the Senator from Wyoming is waiting, and I will just take a couple of quick ugee Act of 1980. We ask you to raise these concerns with The Refugee Act of 1980 was spon- Senator Kerry and to vote against S 908 moments, if I may. Mr. SIMPSON. Please. sored by Senator TED KENNEDY of Mas- when it comes before the full Senate. It is sachusetts. I was rather new on the important to have a strong show of opposi- Mr. KERRY. First of all, I thank the tion to the bill, even if it passes, since a Senator from Maryland for his kind scene in those years and found it to be large margin of victory would eliminate the comments about the difficult task with a great learning experience to watch it possibility of a Presidential veto. respect to this. He has been there be- crafted, to see what occurred as it was Although Bread for the World adamantly fore many times on a number of pieces put on the statute books. opposes reorganization proposals that com- of legislation. There is nobody more The provision of the law, the Lauten- promise USAID’s independence, we have long skilled than the Senator from Mary- berg amendment, created a presump- supported reform that would improve the land at dealing with that. tion—now, this may be inside baseball quality and efficiency of U.S. development and I know how that works in this aid in reducing poverty and promoting fair, I think the comments from the Sen- democratic development. The agency has ator from Maryland and the Senator place, but this is big-time under- made significant progress toward this goal from Delaware are extremely impor- standing. If we cannot get this under- under current Administrator Brian Atwood. tant. As manager for this side, I in no stood by the American people, we will Yet the task is far from complete. Thus, we way dismiss or diminish the concerns not get it unraveled. urge the committee to exercise greater over- that they have expressed. Those con- The provision provided a presump- sight over USAID’s internal reform initia- cerns underscore the difficulties that tion of refugee status for certain tives. not only we faced in getting here, but groups in the Soviet Union—this is the Finally, we encourage the committee to re- they also make very, very clear the former Soviet Union—who ‘‘assert’’ a turn to the critical task of redefining the claim of persecution or discrimination broad purposes of U.S. foreign aid for the limitations on where we can travel in post-Cold War world, rather than to focus the course of the conference. I want to and that would make them a ‘‘ref- simply on slashing foreign aid budgets and underscore that to my colleagues. ugee.’’ That has been now extended eliminating aid agencies. Last year, the If this legislation moves in any way three times since 1989 and is due to committee, under your able leadership, made in the direction that the Senator from sunset at the end of this fiscal year, significant headway in rewriting the 1961 Maryland and Delaware have described, September 30, 1996. Foreign Assistance Act. Regrettably, the then this Senator is going to be dis- In the House-passed State Depart- process was never concluded. But far-reach- posed to find great difficulty in not ment reauthorization, there is yet a ing global economic and political changes only passing a conference report but, if further 2-year extension of the so- and recurring crises demand that it not be further delayed. a conference report comes to the Sen- called Lautenberg amendment. When I Sincerely, ate, in seeing this legislation pass the speak of the amendment, I do not DAVID BECKMANN, Senate. That is a very large hurdle in- speak of its sponsor, I speak of its in- President. deed which it yet faces. tent and what has happened with it.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18628 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 What we have now is the fact there is [From the Washington Times, Nov. 4, 1995] ferred to the agency’s Freedom of Informa- no longer any Soviet Union. They are VAST SOVIET REFUGEE FRAUD DETAILED—INS tion Act office. An FOIA request filed in Au- our finest friends, the former Soviet MEMOS CATALOG MISUSE OF LAUTENBERG gust is pending. At one point in 1992, INS officials in Mos- Union. So we are going to continue AMENDMENT (By Michael Hedges) cow tried to toughen the standards. now, according to the House version, ‘‘The reality . . . was there were some cat- this rather embarrassing mockery of A U.S. policy of granting refugee status to egory applicants who were not able to assert our refugee laws until the end of fiscal Jews, Pentecostals and other religious mi- a fear of persecution or a credible basis for norities in the Soviet Union and its suc- year 1998. such fear,’’ an INS official from Moscow ca- cessor states has been widely abused, accord- bled Washington on March 31, 1992. The Soviet immigration program has ing to confidential government documents. But, the memo noted, ‘‘certain interest become terribly distorted. There is Internal Immigration and Naturalization groups were not able to tolerate even a small Service memos indicate that by 1993 only percentage of denials and eventually INS even evidence that Russian mafia about 0.5 percent of those entering the members and other criminals are now succumbed to their demands.’’ United States as refugees under the Lauten- The standards were further relaxed, offi- beginning to use this system, and why berg Amendment met the classic persecution cials said. would they not? It is in disarray. But, requirements. Arnold Liebowitz, lobbyist for the Hebrew most importantly, Mr. President, how As early as 1991, INS officials in Moscow Immigration Aid Society, said he believed in the world can we explain our pos- detailed serious problems with the amend- the INS and Jewish lobby groups just had an turing around the world about our rare ment, which gave religious minorities ref- ‘‘honest disagreement’’ about the degree of ugee status, putting them ahead of the mil- threat facing Jews in the Soviet Union. and wonderful friendship and alliance lions seeking to immigrate to the United ‘‘I think there has always been in the INS with the present Russian Government States. a feeling that the Jews in the Soviet Union and the present independent states and A ‘‘cottage industry’’ developed to defraud really didn’t have much of a problem.’’ he the Commonwealth and the present af- the United States under the relaxed refugee said. fection between President Yeltsin and standard, according to memos obtained by Mr. Liebowitz denied his group or others President Clinton—and we do that ev- Scripps Howard News Service. One says that pushed to have the standards relaxed to by 1993 ‘‘astronomical fraud’’ was occurring. eryday—while pretending in some cruel guarantee that no Jews would be denied ref- About 300,000 refugees have entered the ugee status. He said his group believes there way that somehow people coming out United States under the amendment since is still a need for the Lautenberg Amend- of there are still refugees? That cannot 1989. ment. fit. It simply makes absolutely no Law enforcement experts say they fear the Roy Godson, a counterterrorism expert, sense. But, of course, it would not be lenient standards have contributed to a bur- said, ‘‘There were criminals entering the the first time in this remarkable city. geoning criminality in the United States on country and no one was doing anything the part of the immigrants. about it. Some of the gangsters were Jewish, I would not suggest in any possible A high-ranking INS official wrote in March and they took advantage of [the amend- way that we are forgetting the lessons 1992, ‘‘There is a tremendous sense of injus- ment].’’ of the past or the persecution of Jews tice adjudicating claims under the Lauten- Efforts to defraud the INS were wide- in the former Soviet Union and berg amendment.’’ spread, officials said in internal memos. Some standard immigration applicants throughout the world or the lessons of ‘‘Category fraud is relatively easy to per- have been waiting more than 15 years, ac- petrate,’’ wrote Leonard Kovensky, INS di- the Holocaust, but please know—and if cording to Richard Day, chief Republican rector in Moscow, in a memo sent through we cannot understand this, we are all counsel for the Senate Judiciary Commit- Rome to Washington. in trouble—please know that each and tee’s subcommittee on immigration and ref- He said people showed up at INS offices every one of those people will be proc- ugee affairs. For example, there are Filipinos with passports clearly indicating their fam- essed on a case-by-case basis in an or- with family in the United States who were ily ties were all ethnic Russian, but by derly way, all in accordance with the granted immigrant visas in 1977 who are still claiming ‘‘one maternal grandmother was waiting to enter the country. Jewish,’’ they had to be offered visas. 1980 Refugee Act, the creation of Sen- To be declared a refugee is to jump to the ‘‘The leader of a Pentecostal group has in- ator KENNEDY and other innovative leg- head of the line and have taxpayers pay your formed INS that many of those scheduled as islators, and a piece of very humane air fare and resettlement costs—an average Pentecostals are not Pentecostals at all,’’ and responsible legislation. of $7,000 per refugee. Mr. Kovensky said. ‘‘Many reliable sources The standard procedure for being declared have told us of a cottage industry which has What does it do? It provides that if a refugee requires a well-documented fear of sprung up which gives applicants classes on one is a refugee—that is a person flee- persecution—torture, death or jail. Rel- how to successfully pass their INS inter- ing persecution or having a well-found- atively few who met those requirements view.’’ ed fear of persecution based on race, re- made it into the United States after 1980 be- A 1991 INS study showed ‘‘a continued de- ligion, national origin, membership in cause a ceiling limited the number each year cline, indeed drastic decline, in the quality to around 100,000. a political organization or social of refugee claims,’’ according to an agency In 1989, as the Soviet Union began to crum- memo sent to Washington. Another study, in group—a very clear description; it is ble, Sen. Frank Lautenberg, New Jersey 1993, found that of 624 applying as refugees, the U.S. description; it is the U.N. de- Democrat, proposed a change to protect ‘‘only three cases would have qualified under scription. Such a person would then be Jews, Pentecostals and other religious mi- worldwide standards, an approval rate of one designated as a refugee and that would norities by denoting them refugees from reli- half of one percent.’’ be done on a case-by-case basis. gious persecution. Under the Lautenberg standards, ‘‘ninety- One high-ranking federal official involved one percent were approved, 4 percent were All of those in the former Soviet says it was a good policy in the beginning be- placed on hold and only 5 percent were de- Union, whether they be Jews or cause there were deserving refugees. That nied.’’ Pentecostals, Christians, Evangelicals, former administrator grew disillusioned. ‘‘Clearly, by 1991, fraud and abuse was rife, Mr. SIMPSON. Mr. President, this or persons persecuted for their political confirms the very serious concerns I views, will have the same opportunity and our policy had become a rubber stamp,’’ he said. have always had about the program. as all other true refugees around this Critics of the law say one clear sign that According to the article, INS memo- world to enter the United States as a many receiving such status are not genuine randums and other communications de- refugee. But the Lautenberg amend- refugees fleeing imminent persecution is scribe the fraud and abuse in the pro- ment and that program must end. that 27,000 given visas as ‘‘persecuted refu- gram which, after only 2 years, became gees’’ haven’t bothered to leave for the a rubber stamp for admission to the With absurdities like this being ex- United States. tended year after year, it is no wonder INS memos say the policy has blocked the United States as a refugee of almost that people scoff at our immigration escape of many who are truly persecuted. any person in the former Soviet Union and refugee laws. Let us end it now. ‘‘The irony is that there are plenty of cases who ‘‘claimed’’ or asserted to be a Jew from the former Soviet Union which could or Pentecostal or persecuted Evan- Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- qualify [as persecuted refugees],’’ noted a top gelical, Christian or other category. sent that this article I referred to be INS official in Moscow in December 1993. The startling part of it is, the article printed in the RECORD. ‘‘However, these cases stand little chance . . . as they do not fit into one of the Lau- notes, by 1993 only about one-half of 1 There being no objection, the article tenberg categories.’’ percent of those entering the United was ordered to be printed in the The INS declined to discuss the memos. States as refugees under the Lauten- RECORD, as follows: Requests for additional information were re- berg amendment actually have a well-

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18629 founded fear of persecution on account come yet. They are still there. They there are 40,000 of them coming per of their religion. are ‘‘arranging things.’’ They have year from the former Soviet Union. The problem is if the INS had the au- been there for 6 months or a year or That makes no sense whatsoever. dacity, or perhaps the gumption, to longer because they are still searching The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who deny even a small percentage of the ap- for the best deal for themselves to yields time? plicants, the ‘‘groups,’’ the interest stay, or to come as a refugee. How do Mr. THOMAS addressed the Chair. groups would continue to demand an you come in a way where the Federal The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ever more lenient consideration of Government of the United States pays ator from Wyoming. these so-called refugee claims. The re- you the most money to get you here. Mr. THOMAS. Mr. President, I would sult of these demands is that we see a But, ladies and gentlemen, you can- like to yield myself 6 minutes. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without lower standard being applied to appli- not be a refugee and then hang around objection, it is so ordered. cants for this very special program. in your country. A refugee is a refugee Mr. THOMAS. Mr. President, I rise in Mr. President, many of the persons is a refugee. It means a person fleeing support of the legislation before us. I being admitted under this amendment persecution, and it means immediate have listened with some interest to the are excellent immigrants. They bring fear. It does not mean you wait around latest discussion here, particularly to diversity to our immigrant flow, many to decide whether to go to southern the Senator from Maryland decrying are well educated, and will be produc- California at your pleasure. That is not the decision of the chairman of the tive members of our society. We all a refugee. And if Americans cannot un- Foreign Relations Committee to with- like to hear that. I do, too. derstand that, we will have more such hold action on several items prior to However, many others will require Proposition 187’s and all that goes with this, that have been before this com- public assistance, some for the rest of it. mittee. their lives. We now know of situations Mr. President, I would certainly call I am fairly new at this thing, my where people will bring aged parents upon the Attorney General to take a first year on this committee. I have, here and immediately place them on very hard, close look at this program. however, paid some attention to it, the public support system. I would like to have a report from with years in the House watching. And Still others, according to Hedges’ ar- them, from the Attorney General, from I guess I am a little surprised at the ticle, are frauds, complete frauds who the Justice Department, from the INS conversation. I recall others talking should not be here at all, or criminals. and from the State Department. And I about this idea of holding hostages. It But the important point I want to know what it will likely be. Hopefully, seems to me that the other side of the make for my colleagues is that all of we will be able to get some breath of aisle, apparently at the insistence of these persons enter as refugees. This reality into the situation. To ensure the President, has made a conscious ef- means, and there is a tremendous dif- that, there is a very simple thing, and fort to avoid moving forward with this ference between a refugee and an immi- the simple thing is a screening pro- State Department authorization bill grant, this means they can receive not gram, a case-by-case screening, just ex- that they promised to filibuster to only Federal assistance with the costs actly what was called for in the 1980 death. of their airline tickets to come here, Refugee Act, and put it in Moscow or Time and time again we have read in- they will also receive special refugee elsewhere to ensure that persons with ternal memos from the administration cash and medical assistance after they criminal records are not entering our declaring their intent to stall the bill arrive. country as refugees under this discred- at any cost. I think my colleagues will Further, there are private agencies ited program because if this article is recall the phrases they have used—ob- that receive them at the airport and at all accurate, it is well apparent that fuscate, derail, delay. I certainly would are paid $670 per person for each of this program requires the most careful have liked to have seen some of the these 40,000 to 50,000 so-called refugees scrutiny. Ambassadors in their posts. We have who arrive every year under this pro- I will be speaking on it from time to them before my subcommittee. I was gram. Those are called R&P grants. I time. It will rise apparently like a anxious that they go forward, partly do not think the people of America Phoenix, as it does, and then you are because I thought they were very ex- even understand that there is $670 per not supposed to come and say anything cellent candidates, partly because I person from the taxpayers to receive against it because then you are against think we ought to have someone there. and place these people. R&P: reception refugees, and you are really quite a Of the 18 nominations, the majority and placement. They do not understand foul fellow, and that is not who I am. were designated to serve in countries at all. But we are going to deal with that. We within the jurisdiction of my sub- Occasionaly it was not even all ex- are going to deal with it realistically committee, Eastern Asia and Pacific pended—take in the refugees, place because you either are a refugee or you Affairs. Indonesia, the People’s Repub- them, spend $150, $200 or $300, put the are an immigrant. And if you are a ref- lic of China, and APEC were without rest of the money in the account of ugee, it will be a case-by-case deter- representation. But as important as their group. Congressman MAZZOLI and mination under the Refugee Act of these posts are, Mr. President, passing I broke up that playhouse some years 1980. And if you are really a refugee, a State Department authorization was ago, and I would like to think that can you really be one from the present and is more important. Yet, the Senate does not occur anymore. But they Commonwealth of the Newly Inde- was denied the opportunity to vote one would stockpile refugee funds because pendent States, the former Soviet way or another on the issue because it they did not need all that money. Union, because these are our finest al- was held hostage by the Democrats. People do not understand that part of lies, our friends. I guess I was a little surprised at this it. This is, as I say, inside baseball. But It is like someone said to me the last discussion that has been going on. I would trust my colleagues, particu- other day: What are we going to do Hostage takers, Mr. President? What larly those who are conferees on the with refugees from Mexico? I said if about the senior Senator from Massa- State Department reauthorization and that is where the debate has gone, then chusetts who took over 2 hours to reorganization bill, will insist on the everybody has rocks in their head or speak about the minimum wage debate Senate position and strike any provi- wax in their ears. There are no refugees during the course of considering this sions which would further extend this from Mexico. How can one be a refugee bill in an effort to stall it. What about now thoroughly discredited program. from Mexico, a democracy, our re- the White House that refused to meet Its original intent may have been met. markable neighbor to our south. with the chairman to discuss a com- It surely does not serve us well now. So those are the twisted terms we get promise position? What about the offi- And if you still do not believe it, to play with in this particular arena, cials at AID who, rather than ration- then here is a figure for you. There are and I hope that we can at least for the ally discussing the bill and offering 40,000 people in the former Soviet American public’s edification and clar- their alternatives, instead waged guer- Union who have been designated as ref- ity try to describe what those terms rilla warfare against any compromise? ugees, presumed to be so under the are and what a refugee really is. And it These are the hostage takers, Mr. Lautenberg amendment, who have not certainly cannot be presumed that President, not the senior Senator from

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18630 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 North Carolina. The American people, still function with a State Department, country. That means the authority to who deserve a bureaucracy that is cost an AID and ACDA organization, not to manage two major agencies which now conscious and responsive to the times say anything of USAI and Voice of function as independent satellites of and streamlined, were held hostage. America, that are clearly creatures the Department and, in some cases, ex- I remind my Democrat friends that it created and designed for responding to traordinary satellites. is probably not useful to cast blame on a worldwide ideological confrontation But this bill does not go so far as to who is holding whom hostage. As I with the Soviet Union. As has been direct how it is done precisely. Rather, mentioned, I am fairly new to this mentioned many times in this debate, I believe this bill takes the very logical thing, but I have to observe that it ap- that is no longer the case; and yet the approach of allowing the Department pears many who are not new are very, momentum of those departments go to report back and design a program very resistant to change, to even con- forward as if it were the case, in many which accomplishes the goals which I sidering change in the way we have instances. been doing things. I come to this debate because I have think are well set out, which is that When you take a look at the results the great good fortune to be, through more focus be given through the Sec- of some of the things we have done in no cause of my own, but luck basically, retary of State in controlling and man- terms of reorganization of the State chairman of the Commerce-State-Jus- aging the various functions of our Department, in terms of the operation tice Appropriations Committee, which international policy. Also, it proposes of some of these units, we obviously basically must fund the ideas which that in this exercise of reorganization need to make some changes. If you do come from the Foreign Relations Com- we save some money, not a request not make some changes, there is no mittee, which is so ably chaired by the which is illogical. reason to expect different results. Senator from North Carolina and so There is no question but that there is So, Mr. President, I am very much in ably by such an able ranking member a great deal of overlap, there is a great favor of this bill. I am very much in as the Senator from Rhode Island. deal of duplication, there is a great favor of the efforts that are being made Therefore, as the person responsible deal of atrophied agencies within these here to assign some responsibility, to for the appropriations activities rel- various departments which were pro- assign more accountability, to make ative to the State Department, I take duced and created for the purposes of this State Department just like the seriously the proposals of the Foreign addressing issues of the cold war and rest of the departments —more respon- Relations Committee because they are which are no longer serving a viable sive, more efficient, more effective. obviously going to guide the actions of For the first time in almost every- function and which, in many instances, the appropriating committee. It is our could easily be reduced or at least con- thing we do here in the Federal Gov- intention and has been our intention as solidated in a manner which would de- ernment, we are having an opportunity the Appropriations Committee to es- liver more efficiency and refocus them to analyze what they are doing and sentially support and work with the more effectively and which would save make some evaluations in terms of how Foreign Relations Committee as they dollars. these things are working in terms of pursue and reform and reorganize the some oversight. That is part of the job State Department. The proposal which has come forward of this Congress. I strongly support the basic concept is to save, I think, $1.7 billion over, I But too often we get built in to what which was created by, initiated by, and believe, 7 years, if I am correct. And if happened because it is what happened now has been instituted by the chair- I am not, I will be happy to stand cor- 10 or 15 years ago; it has always been man of the Foreign Relations Com- rected. I guess it is 5 years. I would that way, so we cannot change it. You mittee in his proposal as presented in note that this is not a reach. In fact, in know we cannot change it; just put this bill, which is essentially that the the appropriations bill which was just some more money in, that probably State Department, ACDA, and AID recently passed by this Senate, we will do it. That has been the notion. must rethink their roles, so that, hope- saved $500 million just in the year 1996; That is what is unique and exciting fully, we will see a bringing together of $65 million through rescissions, $435 and different about this Congress. We these various agencies in a manner are having an opportunity to do some million by reducing spending activities which will lead to a more efficient, fo- within these various departments. evaluating, to set some priorities, to cused, and effective delivery of their So we are clearly on the path to this make some changes, to cause things to mission. be changed, to expect different results I happen to strongly be of the view, level of savings. In fact, when it was re- from what is happening. as I know the chairman of the Foreign ported at the initial proposal, which So, Mr. President, I strongly support Relations Committee is—really I am of the Vice President’s group, I believe, this bill. I hope Members of this Senate this view in large measure because of was dealing with and which had been will vote affirmatively and we can the education which I received while put forward by various members of the move out of this hostage-taking mode being on the Foreign Relations Com- administration, it would save, I think, that we have been in. You can assign mittee, at the feet of the chairman and approximately $5 billion during this the hostages to whomever you choose. the ranking member—I am of the view same timeframe. I was supportive of I assign mine to the other side of the that we need to give the Secretary of that number and happened to believe aisle in holding this bill hostage. State more control over these various that number is an attainable number, Mr. President, I yield the floor. $5 billion rather than the $1.7 billion The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who agencies so that we have a more co- which is in this authorization bill. yields time? ordinated policy. Mr. GREGG addressed the Chair. It is not a unique view, actually, held I hope as we move down the road to- Mr. HELMS. I yield such time as the by Republicans only. It happens to be a ward this reorganization, that should Senator may require. view that at least initially was held by, this $1.7 billion become the number The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- I believe, the Secretary of State, and, I that is focused on or settled on, that ator from New Hampshire. suspect, in the quiet of his office when the Department might even, in a ges- Mr. GREGG. Mr. President, I thank he is not being confronted by the re- ture of good will, try to exceed that the Senator from North Carolina, and I quirement of public policy positions number and go closer to the $5 billion congratulate him on obtaining floor pressed upon him by other members of which was originally thought of. time for this bill and finally getting it the administration, he still agrees with to a point where it is going to pass. It that view and agrees with it strongly. I can tell you right now, at least at really is an excellent initiative that It was a view which, initially at the appropriating level, we are going to deserves the support of the Senate and least, was supported by the Vice Presi- be looking for numbers at a little high- the House, and hopefully will end up dent in his proposals for reinventing er level because we think it is certainly being signed by the President. It has government; that is, that we should doable. But I strongly congratulate the been a long time coming, as has been give the Secretary of State, the person chairman of the committee for having mentioned by a number of speakers, who logically is the prime spokesman gotten us on the road to what I think and it is long overdue. and policymaker on behalf of the Presi- is a long overdue, but very effective as We are, after all, almost 4 years into dent of the United States, the author- presently proposed, attempt to reorga- the post-cold-war period, and yet we ity to manage the foreign policy of the nize departments which were designed

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18631 to address one issue, the cold war, and Now, President Clinton, let me re- Committee who does not really care which now are not functioning effec- mind anybody who heard Senator SAR- what the editors of the New York tively addressing a new issue, which is BANES’ criticism that, just last week, Times feels about foreign policy. I do the world as we know it today. after Senator KERRY and I reached our not run to the Washington Post to say, Today when we think of the threats final agreement—and we reached a ‘‘Please, is this all right?’’ I try to use that confront this Nation and the ‘‘final’’ agreement a number of times my own instincts and try to base my issues of international policy, we during these negotiations, but last judgments on what I think the Amer- should be thinking about things like week, when it was the final-final agree- ican people want in terms of decisions. population excesses and thinking about ment, there came the White House say- If Senator SARBANES does not like things like environmental concerns. ing, ‘‘We have one little thing more we that, that is fine. The Council on For- We should be thinking about things want to do.’’ It was the White House, eign Relations is not going to run the like availability of food. We have to do you not see, Mr. President, that Foreign Relations Committee as long worry about ethnic conflicts, and we held the ambassadors hostage because as I am chairman of it. I say that with have to worry about religious con- they delayed any action on negotia- all due respect to the organization. flicts—totally different issues of phi- tions because they wanted to include a As far as letters inserted in the losophy, totally different issues of real guarantee that a nominee to the Envi- RECORD, I could put 50 pages of letters threat to our country or real threat to ronmental Protection Agency be con- into the RECORD right now, Mr. Presi- stability around the world than what firmed by the Senate in order for this dent, from people all over the country, we confronted under the regime of the agreement between Senator KERRY and who have written to me and said, cold war. Thus, we need to reinvent the me to occur. Well, I said, ‘‘I have noth- ‘‘Jesse, hang in there.’’ So we can all agencies which address that, and in ing to do with that nomination, and I play that game and insert letters from this bill the chairman and the Com- will defer to the majority leader.’’ I lots of organizations. I can insert let- mittee on Foreign Relations has taken think they worked it out with Mr. ters from businessmen, who say, ‘‘You a major stride toward doing just that. DASCHLE and others. are doing the right thing.’’ So it is a So I congratulate the committee. I Now, let me say again that I was matter of opinion. Some of it may be look forward to continuing to follow ready at any time—and I said so re- partisan, some of it may not be. the guidance of the committee as we peatedly—to have a vote. I did not ask I do not know that it is entirely use- move forward in the appropriations to be assured of this or that; just let ful to excoriate another Senator with process. the Senate vote. Senator SARBANES was whom you disagree. I say again, I like Mr. HELMS addressed the Chair. unyielding on that. He did not do so PAUL SARBANES, and I thought our re- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who publicly, but he was unyielding that I lationship was better than it appar- yields time? was not going to get a vote because, as ently is. Foreign Service officers and The Senator from North Carolina. he has said, he does not like this bill. ambassadors are expressing strong, un- Mr. HELMS. I thank the Chair. I am He thinks we are not spending enough equivocal support for this bill. grateful to the chairman of the Sub- money on the foreign policy apparatus So I do not want to hear all this committee on State-Commerce-Justice as it is. He is in contradiction of the ‘‘moaning and puking,’’ as Shakespeare appropriations, the distinguished Sen- opinion of the American people, who put it, about how we are tromping on ator from New Hampshire, for his kind pay the taxes. Senator SARBANES and I the Foreign Service. I have not done it, remarks. And I am very grateful to the only pay a small part. But the people and I am not going to do it. They have distinguished Senator from Wyoming. who pay the bulk of it do not agree been some of the loudest advocates of Mr. President, I had to take a tele- with him, and maybe they do not agree the reorganization of the State Depart- phone call on a very important matter with me. I do not have any pull one ment. Five former Secretaries of State involving North Carolina. But while I way or another. have said this is a great piece of legis- was talking, I heard Senator SARBANES. I suppose it ought to be said, in all lation. They helped us with various I like Senator SARBANES. I do not like fairness, that there are good ambas- points on it. Warren Christopher went everything he says. Sometimes he re- sadors and there are some who are not down and tried to sell it to AL GORE, minds me of a pregnant cobra, but I so good. Various Senators have had who was busily announcing in press re- know he feels deeply what he has said, various experiences with how embas- lease after press release that he was and I know he thinks it is correct. But sies are not run by the ambassadors going to ‘‘reinvent’’ Government. the trouble is that it is not correct. I but are run by the ambassador’s assist- So it is time we stopped talking and think Senator SARBANES, if he will for- ant. I have about reached the point start doing something. I am not going give me, forgets that at the close of the that I wonder if having an Ambassador to go any further. I think enough has Bush administration, the Democrats in Paris is essential, because is it not been said on that. held up 12 ambassadors that President an anachronism in a day when we have END STRENGTHS Bush had sent to the Senate. They were such instant communication. When we Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, section not given hearings. They were given no sent Benjamin Franklin and Thomas 141 of the bill deals with end strengths consideration for 6 months—6 months. Jefferson over to Paris, they had to go for the Foreign Service and the Senior They, frankly, said, ‘‘We do not want over on a ship, and they had to under- Foreign Service in the State Depart- any ambassadors appointed by a Re- stand the administration’s policy on ment, USIA, and AID. We had similar publican President.’’ this, that, and the other. But I do not language in the Foreign Relations Au- So it is not exactly a novelty to hold think that the relations with China thorization Act for fiscal year 1994–95. up an ambassadorial nomination, or a went to pot because Jim Sasser was However, the end strengths in section group of them. But I know that Sen- held up. Somebody said that Jim Sas- 141 of this bill are based on the original ator SARBANES did the best he could ser is a nice guy and he was a good consolidation language which would with his argument. But this business of Senator. I like him and all that. But have abolished AID, USIA, and ACDA, fairness is in the eye of the beholder. U.S. relations with Beijing did not go rather than the new language we have You do the best you can in the Senate to pot because Jim Sasser was not over agreed upon. We addressed this prob- when you have a strong and effective there. As a matter of fact, somebody lem in part in the managers amend- opposition, such as Senator SARBANES. commented that China was making a ment by deleting subsections (c) and And, of course, it was Senator SAR- number of concessions while we had no (d) of section 141. However, to be con- BANES who was micromanaging, to a Ambassador. sistent with the new consolidation ap- certain extent, I believe, the negotia- So it is OK to take a hit at HELMS. I proach, we need to revise the end tions between Senator KERRY and me. am used to it, but those taking the hit strengths in subsections (a) and (b). That is all right. I have no objection to better look at the history of what both Mr. President, I would ask the distin- that. Senator SARBANES has been parties have done when they have been guished chairman of the Foreign Rela- around this Senate for a while, and he in the majority. tions Committee if he is willing to is entitled to be recognized for his se- Now, I confess that I may be the first work with me to correct this problem niority. chairman of the Foreign Relations in conference?

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18632 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I am pre- quest because it is included in the eign Relations Committee for the bet- pared to do that. So the numbers re- House-passed version of H.R. 927, and ter part of this year. The fact that flect the intent of the conference re- he would prefer that it be addressed in there has not been a foreign aid au- port. that bill. Senate conferees will be thorization bill since the mid-1980’s has Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, I thank named for H.R. 927 immediately upon not made any difference. But the com- the chairman. Senate passage of S. 908. mittee does have certain important re- Mr. SARBANES. Mr. President, I un- Mrs. HUTCHISON. Mr. President, I sponsibilities, including ambassadorial derstand that a colloquy was entered have been trying to help resolve an nominations and reporting treaties for into earlier, which I believe misstates egregious expropriation executed by ratification. the legal status of a provision in this the Dominican Republic’s military I could list any number of Foreign bill. May I inquire of the Democratic against Western Energy, Inc. Western Service officers who serve this country manager, who determines the validity Energy is headquartered in my State every day with incredible profes- of a claim submitted under section and operated an important liquid pe- sionalism and bravery. Yet because the 604(a) relating to Iraq claims? troleum gas facility in the Dominican chairman of the Foreign Relations Mr. KERRY. It is my understanding Republic until the military took over Committee could not force the Senate that the Foreign Claims Settlement in April 1994. to support his effort to eviscerate por- Commission determines the validity of Our Ambassador to the Dominican tions of the foreign policy apparatus of all claims submitted to it regardless of Republic should be commended for her the U.S. Government, he refused to past litigation. efforts to resolve the expropriation suf- permit the committee to carry out Mr. SARBANES. I thank the Sen- fered by Western Energy. The names of functions that are crucial to this coun- ator. the persons involved are well known try. It has caused countless problems Mr. ROBB. Mr. President, will the because the case is prominent and, I for both American foreign policy, and Senator yield for a question? am told, has caused great outrage and American citizens who have needed as- Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I will be shame over the Government’s action. sistance overseas. happy to yield to the distinguished Would my distinguished colleague join There are other problems with this Senator from Virginia. me in encouraging the U.S. Ambas- bill which do not merit our support. It Mr. ROBB. Mr. President, under sec- sador to inform the affected persons contains authorization levels that will tion 604(b), I understand that the For- that promptly upon enactment of sec- cause grave problems for U.S. leader- eign Claims Settlement Commission is tion 168 in H.R. 927 they will be ex- ship and U.S. representation overseas. authorized to receive and determine cluded from the United States until the It requires deep cuts in the operating the validity of claims of United States Western Energy case is satisfactorily expenses of the foreign policy agencies, persons against the Government of Iraq resolved? including U.S. AID, in our contribu- and its instrumentalities. May I as- Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, section tions to the United Nations, and in our sume that claims which have been re- 168 reflects the frustration with the foreign exchange programs. duced to judgment in Federal district lack of progress in resolving property In conference, it is a virtual cer- court are valid? claims, especially in the Western tainty that the bill will get worse, not Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, yes. A Hemisphere. The Dominican Republic better. Senator SARBANES has already judgment obtained in Federal district is among the worst offenders, and the pointed out that the same people who court will be considered a valid claim. distinguished Senator from Texas can favor slashing resources for diplomacy Clearly there could be no more valid count on my support. voted to add $7 billion to the defense claim than a judgment received Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I intend budget, over and above the quarter of a through the adjudication process. to vote against the State Department trillion dollars requested. This entire Mr. ROBB. Mr. President, may I fur- authorization bill and I want to briefly bill authorizes less than that increase ther assume that such judgments and explain why. But before I do, I want to to the defense bill. their amounts, having been certified as commend the Senator from Massachu- Senator KERRY’S efforts resulted in valid, will receive expedited processing setts, Senator KERRY, for the herculean significant improvements in the bill for payment? efforts he made to resolve an impasse that was originally reported by the Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, yes. It is that has prevented confirmation of committee. I also want to say that I do our expectation that the Foreign over a dozen American ambassadors as not question the motives of the chair- Claims Settlement Commission will es- well as Senate ratification of the Start man of the Foreign Relations Com- tablish an expedited procedure to pay II treaty. mittee. I agree with his goal to cut the such claims, given that their validity Senator KERRY believes, as I do, that cost of these agencies, and to reduce is not in question. the foreign policy apparatus of this unnecessary bureaucracy. They need Mr. ROBB. Mr. President, I thank the country needs reform. There is duplica- streamlining. But I cannot agree with Senator from North Carolina and ap- tion, lack of coordination, and money these methods. preciate his management of this bill. has been wasted. I know the com- I vote to reject them, not reward EXPROPRIATION IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC promise we are voting on today reflects them. Mrs. HUTCHISON. Mr. President, I his best effort to address these prob- Ms. SNOWE. Mr. President, as chair wish to discuss with the distinguished lems, without doing grievous damage of the International Operations Sub- manager, the senior Senator from to the agencies that administer foreign committee, which has jurisdiction over North Carolina, section 168 of S. 908. policy. the issues contained in the legislation, First, I want to commend the Senator But while I commend Senator KERRY I rise in support of this bill. for his leadership on behalf of all U.S. for the thankless job of bringing to clo- It is regrettable that this bill is com- citizens who have suffered expropria- sure the tedious and often acrimonious ing up today with a managers’ amend- tions throughout the world. The Sen- negotiations over this legislation, I ment drafted by Senate Democrats ator has been a great champion for will vote against this bill because I do that will have the effect of undoing the these Americans whose rights have not believe that blackmail should be Foreign Relations Committee’s main been trampled by foreign governments. rewarded in the U.S. Senate. I will also work on this legislation. Lacking a Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I thank vote no because although this man- sufficent level of support to actually the distinguished Senator from Texas agers’ amendment is a significant im- make these changes by a majority for her kind words, and I am happy to provement over the bill as reported by vote, the Senate minority has insisted discuss section 168 of S. 908 with her. the Foreign Relations Committee, I be- in changes in this bill that could not Section 168 would exclude from the lieve it will weaken U.S. diplomacy, pass under normal legislative proce- United States aliens who have expro- not strengthen it. dures. priated U.S. property or who traffick in Senator SARBANES has spoken elo- Although a freshman Senator, I have such property. As the Senator knows, quently on this and I want to associate more than a decade of experience with this provision has been deleted from myself with his remarks. What we have these issues. I have worked on the the pending bill at Senator DODD’S re- seen is the immobilization of the For- State Department authorization bill

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00050 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18633 since 1985, when I became ranking five years $1.7 billion in savings at This is an effort that we should cer- member of the House International Op- least 70% of which must come from the tainly all applaud, but without a for- erations Subcommittee. Continuing elimination of duplication and bureau- mal consolidation between the two en- this role in the Senate, this is the sixth cratic downsizing. tities, a total elimination of duplica- State Department authorization proc- This is less than half of the savings tion would either deprive the Secretary ess in which I have served as a Repub- contained in the committee bill, and of State of any expertise over arms lican manager of the legislation. about $500 million less in savings from control issues, or rob ACDA of any dip- I would like to thank the chairman Senator KERRY’s own amendment that lomatic capabilities to conduct sen- of the full committee, Senator HELMS, failed to pass during committee mark- sitive arms control negotiations. It for his perseverance with this legisla- up. I would also note that at com- would further isolate important arms tion. That we have this bill back before mittee Senator KERRY proposed the control and nonproliferation consider- the Senate today is in large part due to mandatory elimination of at least one ations from the formulation of Amer- his stalwart support of the legislative agency, at the President’s discretion. ican foreign policy. Or, in the words of process. As I mentioned, this bill, with passage the State Department inspector gen- I would like to also thank the rank- of the Kerry managers’ amendment, no eral: ing member of the Foreign Relations longer requires the consolidation of If [the State Department] were to relin- Committee, Senator PELL, for his gra- any agencies into the Department of quish a significant portion of its non- ciousness, comity, and belief in the leg- State. proliferation functions, the overall effects islative process. I would note that Sen- To any who believe that the bill’s could be counterproductive. This is a perfect illustration why ator PELL—the former chairman of the original $3 billion in savings over four merging the functions of these three Foreign Relations Committee—was the years is excessive, or even the current independent agencies into the Depart- only member of the other party to sup- $1.7 billion in savings over five years, I ment of State is needed not just to port cloture when this bill was last be- would to point out that on January 26 save money, but to improve the flexi- fore the Senate on August 1. This kind Vice President Gore issued a press re- bility and coordination of American of steadfast support for the role of the lease announcing the second phase of foreign policy in the post-cold-war era. authorizing committees will be sorely the ‘‘National Performance Review.’’ And this is not just my own opinion, missed in the Senate after his retire- That press release announced, and I the opinion of Chairman HELMS, or the ment next year. quote: collective opinion of the other body, I would also like to thank the major- It is anticipated that the overall review of which has included Christopher’s con- ity leader for his strong support for international affairs programs and agencies solidation plan in its own State De- this bill, and the other Republican will result in savings of at least $5 billion partment authorization bill. This con- members of the Foreign Relations over 5 years and a substantially enhanced ca- solidation proposal is also supported by pacity to deliver more effective programs Committee for their votes and their five former Secretaries of State and support when it was most critically overseas and provide value to the American taxpayer. two former National Security Advisers. needed. Mr. President, I would like to now The problem is that now, 11 months Finally, I would like to acknowledge discuss the reason for their support. the work of the staff, particularly the later, the Vice President still has not The world has changed dramatically committee’s staff director, Adm. Bud presented his plan for saving $5 billion in the last decade, and with it the de- Nance. He has brought dedication and over 5 years through restructuring and mands on our foreign policy structure. integrity to every aspect of his efforts, consolidation of our foreign affairs Gone is the cold war—and the cer- and he has greatly assisted the work of agencies. In fact, the Administration tainty of a single opposing force in our the committee. has refused to even present to Congress foreign relations. Gone, too, is the The bill before us today authorizes its normal legislative request for the highly focused foreign policy we once the budget and operations of the for- foreign affairs agencies. And that is the waged against an expansionist and au- eign affairs agencies, establishes poli- first time this has happened in the 10 thoritarian Soviet Union and its sat- cies for our participation in inter- years I have worked on this legislation. ellites. national organizations, and strength- So in the absence of any positive Ad- We face a new imperative: to main- ens U.S. standards for our participa- ministration proposal, all we are man- tain a strong and aggressive foreign tion in U.N. peacekeeping operations. dating in this bill is that the Adminis- policy, while streamlining our oper- As reported out of the Foreign Rela- tration develop and implement a pro- ations, achieving cost savings, and tions Committee, this bill would have posal for saving $1.7 billion over 5 meeting the new criteria of a changing implemented an innovative restruc- years, not the $5 billion over 5 years world. Consolidation among our foreign turing plan first proposed at the begin- that the Vice President promised at affairs agencies is an idea whose time ning of this year by Secretary of State the beginning of this year. Frankly, I has come. Warren Christopher. I note with regret believe that we can do more, and the In the aftermath of the collapse of that this is no longer the case. The original bill did do more. But at least the Soviet Union and the reigniting of original version of this bill would have this is a first step toward that goal. ethnic strife that had been kept bottled terminated three independent foreign I hope that once the President is up by the cold war, we live in a new affairs agencies, and achieved $3 billion forced to begin looking at even this world. But it is not necessarily a safer in savings over four years by consoli- modest level of bureaucratic world. The reason five former Secre- dating the functions carried out by downsizing, even this Administration taries of State support this concept is those agencies into the Department of will recognize the wisdom of Secretary the need to integrate the important State. The three independent foreign Christopher’s original plan for consoli- public diplomacy, arms control, and affairs agencies are: the U.S. Informa- dating the functions of all three inde- foreign assistance aspects of American tion Agency, which deals with the pub- pendent foreign affairs agencies into foreign policy into our basic policy for- lic relations aspects of our foreign pol- the Department of State. Let me just mulation process. icy; the Agency for International De- give a small example of the reasons For example, currently the inde- velopment, which runs our foreign as- why the original consolidation would pendent Arms Control and Disar- sistance programs; and the Arms Con- improve the formulation and conduct mament Agency is primarily respon- trol and Disarmament Agency, which of American foreign policy. sible for nonproliferation policy. But conducts diplomatic activities related On October 12 my office received a concerns about nuclear proliferation to arms control and nonproliferation. State Department inspector general re- frame our relations with a range of This bill no longer explicitly requires port that reviewed the activities of the countries around the world, from North bringing under the direct control of the Bureau of Political-Military Affairs. Korea, to Pakistan, to Iran. It would Secretary of State the activities of That report discusses efforts to iden- enhance, not detract, from this impor- these three existing independent agen- tify and eliminate redundancies be- tant goal of American foreign policy cies. The bill, however, does mandate tween this State Department bureau for it to be integrated into the policy to the President that he achieve over and ACDA. formulation

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18634 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 process at State. It is far too impor- A second study would look at the tion plan to the Congress which tant to be an afterthought considered question of whether the North-South achieves $1.7 billion in savings over only later in the interagency process. Center used U.S. funds to engage in im- five years. If Congress deems the plan And by better coordinating public di- proper lobbying effort in support of the to be unsatisfactory, we can pass a res- plomacy with policy, we can directly North American Free Trade Agree- olution of disapproval and force the benefit the conduct of our Nation’s for- ment. I am particularly concerned Administration to submit a more ac- eign relations. Public relations play an about a publication the Center sent to ceptable plan. increasingly important role in a world Members of Congress during the that is increasingly democratic. But But most importantly, the com- NAFTA debate, entitled ‘‘Assessment promise does not require the Adminis- currently, our public diplomacy exper- of the North American Free Trade tise rests in the independent U.S. Infor- tration to eliminate USAID, USIA, or Agreement.’’ ACDA. They may decide to do so. But mation Agency. Does it enhance the Mr. President, as I have expressed in this bill gives the Administration an formulation of American foreign policy the past, I know that there has been a opportunity to figure out a way to to consider its impact on world public great deal of anxiety among the dedi- achieve real savings and reform, with- opinion only after the fact? cated, hard-working employees of our out necessarily abolishing three valu- Similarly, there is a great need to foreign affairs agencies. That concern able agencies that do important work: more closely tie our foreign assistance comes not just over this bill, but over programs to policy goals intended to the generally recognized need to development and disaster assistance, directly advance our national inter- downsize our Federal work force as we negotiating and monitoring of arms ests. And there is a desperate need to move to a balanced budget. I believe control agreements, and international cut back on AID’s huge administrative that all of us need to do everything we broadcasting and exchanges. This flexi- structure that today consumes vast can to remember the human dimension bility is the key. amounts of our humanitarian and de- of what we are trying to achieve. The passage of this bill today will velopmental aid funds. produce some other positive develop- Out of a $2.3 billion developmental This bill contains broad early retire- aid account, AID spends $600 million on ment and buyout authorities, and we ments, many of them long overdue. its formal operating expenses account. have taken every step we know how to With the disposition of S. 908, the Sen- This is 25 cents for every develop- take to make the transition as easy as ate will be able to confirm 18 ambassa- mental dollar. But in reality, AID’s ad- possible to a streamlined foreign policy dorial nominations and hundreds of ministrative costs are much higher be- structure. This bill also gives the foreign service officer promotions. We cause AID’s formal operating expenses President extraordinary authority to will also be able to consider the only count 5,000 out of its 9,000 employ- formulate his own transition plan, lim- START II treaty before the end of this ees worldwide. The missing 4,000 are ited only by the bill’s mandated sav- session, and the Chemical Weapons AID contract employees who are paid ings target. Convention in the spring. Mr. President, the bill before us is an out of program funds, not operating ex- Of all embassies that are waiting for important bill, and I hope that in con- penses. ambassadors, I think none is more im- ference it will become even better. The There are other important aspects to portant than the one in Beijing, China, Foreign Relations Revitalization Act this legislation. The bill contains many where our former colleague, James gives credit to our Chairman, to our management improvements sought by Sasser, will become United States Am- committee, and to all of the Senators the administration. I regret that what bassador. I am confident that our coun- who have supported it since its incep- State Department initiatives are in- try will be well served by the job that cluded in this bill had to come to us in- tion. I urge its adoption, and I yield the he, and the other nominees, will do in formally, as the administration even to their new posts. this day has refused to submit a formal floor. Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, I Finally, I do want to note that even legislative request. The bill also puts into permanent law want to lend my support to the com- with the consolidation compromise, many of the international peace- promise version of S. 908, the State De- there remain a number of provisions in keeping reforms that were first enacted partment Authorization bill. S. 908 that I find deeply troubling. Sev- in our last bill. I would like to take this opportunity eral of them have to do with China. Let me also briefly mention a few of to thank the distinguished Chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee, Sen- Section 606 declares that the Taiwan Rela- the initiatives I have included in this tions Act should supersede the three U.S.- bill. ator HELMS, and the distinguished Sen- China joint communiques as the basis of U.S. I have included the text of the Ter- ator from Massachusetts, Senator policy toward China and Taiwan. rorist Exclusion Act, which I first in- KERRY, and their staffs, for the many Section 608 calls Tibet an ‘‘occupied sov- troduced in the House 2 years ago, and hours they devoted to the long, hard ereign country, and Section 609 requires that which I have reintroduced this year negotiations that were necessary to the President appoint a Special Envoy for with Senator BROWN as my original co- reach this compromise. Tibet. sponsor. This provision will restore the In particular, I want to recognize the Section 415 requires USIA to submit a plan pre-1990 standard allowing denial of a efforts of the Senator from Massachu- to create a Radio Free Asia. U.S. visa for membership in a terrorist setts. He inherited a difficult, perhaps Section 611 erects an unnecessarily lab- group. even thankless, task, and pursued it yrinthine procedure for screening products Another provision would codify exist- with his usual diligence, dedication, that may have been produced by forced labor ing embassy visa terrorist lookout and wisdom. He had to balance the con- in China. committees. These committees were cerns of many of his colleagues, and of These provisions and others combine established by the State Department in the Administration, while negotiating to create an unnecessary provocation 1993 under the Visas Viper Program. a very controversial bill. I believe the in our relationship with China, at a However, recent GAO and IG reports consolidation compromise he has time when the relationship is still re- indicate that these committees have struck with the Chairman is a good covering from a recent crisis. They become moribund. My provision would one, a workable one, and a fair one. I threaten to undermine our One China require the terrorist lookout commit- want to thank him for his efforts and Policy, which is the basis of the rela- tees to meet regularly and become commend him for his work. tionship, and to exacerbate tensions more active. The plan that emerged from the ne- I have also included the requirement gotiations is a reasonable one. It re- when we should be trying to ease ten- for two GAO studies. One would look at quires the Administration to submit a sions. the extent to which the activities of plan to consolidate the foreign affairs I look forward to working with my four long-standing grantees duplicate agencies, but it gives them flexibility colleagues who will serve on the House- activities carried out by the U.S. Gov- to decide how to do so effectively and Senate conference on this bill, with the ernment. These groups are the Asia responsibly. goal of removing or rewriting these Foundation, the East-West Center, the They are tough standards that the provisions. I consider the successful North-South Center, and the National Administration must meet. Within six resolution of these matters to be crit- Endowment for Democracy. months they must submit a reorganiza- ical to my consideration of whether or

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00052 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18635 not to support the conference report on tion of 18 of its ambassadorial ap- ‘‘needing a job.’’ I inform the Senator this bill. pointees and four Foreign Service offi- that not only does Senator SASSER not I am also hopeful that the consolida- cer promotion lists. need a job, he is doing financially much tion plan will not be modified in con- I am astounded by this decision and better now than he did when he was ference. I am aware that the plan in have determined that the committee here. He needs no job. This is a public the House bill does require the elimi- will hold a hearing on the role of the service to which he has agreed to re- nation of USAID, USIA, and ACDA. If American Institute in Taiwan at which turn, and I am sure the Senator did not the Senate compromise agreement is we will compare its role today to the mean to imply anything by what he substantially altered in conference to role agreed to previously when it was said, but I want the RECORD to make it reflect the more draconian House plan, established in the late 1970’s or early clear. Senator SASSER does not need a it will be difficult, if not impossible for 1980’s, whenever it was. job—it is for those of us, including the me to support the conference report. AMENDMENT NO. 3100 President, who think we need Senator SASSER to come back to public service. Having said that, I believe it is im- (Purpose: To authorize the transmittal of a portant to get the State Department reorganization plan or plans streamlining I yield the floor. Authorization bill to conference, and I and consolidating the Department of State Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, I yield 5 intend to support the bill today. and the independent foreign affairs agen- minutes to the Senator from Maryland. Mr. HELMS. I suggest the absence of cies, to make technical amendments to the Mr. SARBANES. I listened with a a quorum. bill, and for other purposes) great deal of interest to the Senator The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I send an from North Carolina. clerk will call the roll. amendment to the desk. First of all, let me say that in the The bill clerk proceeded to call the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The last 6 months of the Bush administra- roll. clerk will report. tion we confirmed 63 ambassadorial Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I ask The bill clerk read as follows: nominees. The Senator said there were unanimous consent that the order for The Senator from North Carolina [Mr. 12 that were not confirmed. So that the quorum call be rescinded. HELMS] for himself and Mr. KERRY, proposes would be 63 out of 75, which is 84 per- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. an amendment numbered 3100. cent. The Senator has allowed no ambas- ABRAHAM). Without objection, it is so Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I ask sadors to be confirmed—not 10 percent, ordered. unanimous consent reading of the not 20 percent, not 40 percent, not 60 Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I have amendment be dispensed with. percent, not 80 percent, not 84 percent. just been informed that the Acting The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Secretary of State has taken an action None. None at all. objection, it is so ordered. (The text of Some of the nominees that were not that seemed to me to be a direct af- the amendment is printed in today’s confirmed at the end of the Bush ad- front to the Foreign Relations Com- RECORD under ‘‘Amendments Sub- ministration were not ambassadorial mittee and to the future of relations mitted.’’) nominees, but nominees to commis- between the United States and Taiwan, Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, this sions and boards. In any event, the the Republic of China. The Acting Sec- amendment has been agreed to on both Senator said there were 12 that were retary has just named three men to sit sides. not confirmed. Sixty-three were con- on the board of the American Institute Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, let me firmed over the last 6 months of the in Taiwan, under a procedure that is just clarify with the Senator, it is my Bush administration, 84 percent. not normal. Under a longstanding understanding the amendment is pend- The Senator from North Carolina has agreement between the Department of ing. held everyone hostage. He will not State and the committee, specifically Mr. HELMS. Yes. allow any of them to go through, even between the then-chairman of the com- Mr. KERRY. With the amendment though we have very important na- mittee, Mr. Church, and then-Sec- pending, once accepted, the order of tional interests with respect thereto. retary of State Cyrus Vance, the De- business will be to pass the bill and im- The Senator was given two votes in partment of State is to notify the com- mediately subsequent to the bill being the Senate in trying to get to his reor- mittee of appointments to the board. passed we will proceed to the Ambas- ganization bill—votes of 54 to 45. The Under the terms of the agreement, the sadors, is that correct? Senate refused to invoke cloture and to committee is to be able to voice its Mr. HELMS. That is correct. go to that legislation. Having been concerns about any of these appoint- Mr. KERRY. How much time remains thwarted in that sense, the Senator ments and these concerns are to be sat- on both sides? then set out on his hostage strategy isfied before the Department proceeds The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- and held up the ambassadors and held with the appointments. Today, the ator from Massachusetts has 54 min- up the treaties, in my view putting at Acting Secretary of State abrogated utes and 45 seconds, and the Senator risk very important national security that agreement, in my judgment. Now, from North Carolina has 39 minutes interests. since 1979, the committee’s role in the and 44 seconds. Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- appointment process was that the com- Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, I see two sent to have printed in the RECORD a mittee could have an opportunity to Senators on my side who are on their column from the Arms Control Asso- voice its concerns about any individ- feet. We would like to yield back some ciation newsletter following my re- uals appointed to the board of the time. marks. American Institute in Taiwan, our de Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I ask the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without facto embassy. We do not recognize Senator to yield 2 minutes. objection, it is so ordered. Taiwan as a nation. I think we should, Mr. SARBANES. I ask that 5 minutes (See exhibit 1.) speaking as one Senator, but we do be yielded to me. Mr. SARBANES. Mr. President, in not. The American Institute in Taiwan Mr. KERRY. I yield 2 minutes to the that newsletter it says: is our de facto embassy. Senator from Delaware. Prompt Senate approval of START II—the These concerns were to have been Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I listened treaty that would reduce the Russian stra- tegic threat to the United States from some worked out through the department be- with interest in the Cloakroom to my 8,000 to 3,500 nuclear warheads—is becoming fore the appointees are identified. I friend from North Carolina and what increasingly doubtful despite overwhelming have just been informed that the de- he had to say in response to the Sen- bipartisan congressional support. Senator partment has proceeded with three ap- ator from Maryland. The Senator from JESSE HELMS (R-NC), asserting his power as pointments the day before the com- Maryland can surely take care of him- chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations mittee was scheduled to meet these self and respond in any way he thinks Committee, is holding this important treaty, gentlemen, for the first time. Mr. is appropriate, but at one point we all as well as the Chemical Weapons Convention, hostage to passage of unrelated legislation. President, this action, I believe, is an say things that we sort of slip and say Failure to complete Senate action promptly especially strong affront in light of the and do not mean. could delay for years the entry into force of fact that this very week the Depart- He made reference to our nominee to these agreements with great disadvantage to ment of State is receiving confirma- China, former Senator SASSER as U.S. security.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00053 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18636 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 And I underscore that concluding of the next Parliament cannot be predicted, Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, it is my phrase ‘‘with great disadvantage to it may well be even more nationalistic and understanding that Senator HELMS U.S. security.’’ more hostile than the present body to pro- yielded back his time. Finally, I say to my colleague from posed NATO expansion, military action The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- against the Bosnian Serbs and reduced U.S. North Carolina that, as chairman of economic support. ator has indicated that he is prepared the committee, it seems to me, the President Boris Yeltsin has strongly en- to yield back the remainder of his time Senator has certain responsibilities. To dorsed START II, subject only to the condi- pending the decision on the part of the hold the balance of the work of a com- tion that the ABM Treaty remain in force. Senator from Massachusetts to do so as mittee hostage because the Senator Although members of the Russian Par- well. has not been able to get his way on a liament have attacked the agreement as bi- Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I believe particular piece of legislation is not a ased against Russia, support for the agree- the business before the Senate is the very efficient way to carry out the ment from the Russian military has helped amendment. Is that correct? counter much of the criticism. The military work of the committee. recognizes that it does not need and cannot The PRESIDING OFFICER. That is Obviously, it was a tactic used to afford its current strategic force structure correct. heighten pressure, in a sense, a coer- and appreciates the value of maintaining Mr. HELMS. I believe it is under- cive tactic. And I very much regret strategic parity with the United States. stood between us that this will be ap- that it occurred. Faced with a more nationalistic Parliament proved on a voice vote. Is that correct? I yield the floor. and U.S. endorsement of a national ABM sys- Mr. KERRY. Yes. tem, the Russian military cannot be ex- EXHIBIT 1 Mr. HELMS. I ask the Chair to put pected to carry the torch for START II into the question. [From Arms Control Today, Oct. 1995] the post-Yeltsin era. HOLDING U.S. SECURITY HOSTAGE Delay invites unanticipated, disruptive The PRESIDING OFFICER. The (By Spurgeon M. Keeny, Jr.) events to intervene. Progress on a com- question is on agreeing to the amend- Prompt Senate approval of START II—the prehensive test ban was interrupted by ex- ment of the Senator from North Caro- treaty that would reduce the Russian stra- ternal events in the Eisenhower, Kennedy lina. tegic threat to the United States from some and Carter administrations. START I was The amendment (No. 3100) was agreed 8,000 to 3,500 nuclear warheads—is becoming signed by President George Bush in July to. increasingly doubtful despite overwhelming 1991, but entry into force was delayed until Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I move to December 1994. START II, signed by Bush in bipartisan congressional support. Senator reconsider the vote by which the Jesse Helms (R-NC), asserting his power as January 1993, has been delayed first by the problem of resolving the nuclear status of amendment was agreed to. chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Mr. KERRY. I move to lay that mo- Committee, is holding this important treaty, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine, and now as well as the Chemical Weapons Convention by the actions of a single cantankerous sen- tion on the table. (CWC), hostage to passage of unrelated legis- ator. A future Russian Parliament may be The motion to lay on the table was lation. Failure to complete Senate action the next barrier. But Russia’s uncertain fu- agreed to. promptly could delay for years the entry ture is all the more reason to move promptly Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, I yield into force of these agreements with great to pin down these gains for U.S. and inter- the remainder of my time. national security before unanticipated disadvantage to U.S. security. Mr. HELMS. I thought I had yielded By refusing to schedule any meetings, events make START II’s entry into force im- possible. mine back. Helms has stopped all action before his com- The PRESIDING OFFICER. All time mittee in an effort to force the administra- These truly bipartisan treaties, which were tion to accept his plan to integrate into the negotiated and signed by former President is now yielded back. State Department three independent agen- Bush and nurtured by the Clinton adminis- The question is on the engrossment cies, the Arms Control and Disarmament tration, must not be casually sacrificed as and third reading of the bill. Agency (ACDA), the Agency for Inter- hostages in guerilla political warfare. The The bill was ordered to be engrossed national Development and the U.S. Informa- Senate Republican leadership has a clear ob- for a third reading and was read the ligation to persuade Helms to release them tion Agency. Senate approval of START II, third time. which Helms has not opposed, could be ob- without further delay so the Senate can per- form its constitutional role in foreign policy. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under tained with little or no opposition as soon as the previous order the Foreign Rela- a formal committee markup of the resolu- If the Republican leadership acquiesces in tion of approval can be scheduled. But until this exhibition of irresponsible personal poli- tions Committee is discharged from Helms relents, the United States cannot tics, it will not only have relinquished its de- the consideration of the House com- demonstrate to Russia and the world its sup- served share of credit for the treaties, but it panion bill, H.R. 1561. port for reductions in strategic nuclear will have to accept responsibility for this The clerk will report. forces. blow to U.S. security. The bill clerk read as follows: The multilateral CWC, which will ban de- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who A bill (H.R. 1561) to consolidate the foreign velopment, production and stockpiling of yields time? affairs agencies of the United States; to au- chemical warfare agents as well as their use, Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I am pre- thorize appropriations for the Department of may require a final hearing to resolve some pared to yield back my time if Senator State and related agencies for fiscal years questions. But, under the able leadership of KERRY could yield back his. 1996 and 1997; to responsibly reduce author- Senator Richard Lugar (R-IN), the necessary This back and forth like two sore- ization for appropriations for United States resolution of approval should be easily ob- tailed cats in a room full of rocking foreign assistance programs for fiscal years tained. Because many countries are awaiting 1996 and 1997, and for other purposes. U.S. ratification, Senate inaction prevents chairs is not serving the Senate well, the early entry into force of this agreement, and I do not intend to participate in it The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there which universally bans possession and use of any further. And I am a little bit sorry objection to the immediate consider- the ‘‘poor man’s nuclear weapon.’’ that I did at all. ation of the bill? Senator Helms is reportedly willing to re- But I accept the Senator’s criticism. There being no objection, the Senate duce the ransom to only two of the three I know how he feels, and he knows how proceeded to consider the bill. threatened agencies with the choice left to I feel, too. Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I ask for the administration. The White House has the yeas and nays. properly declined to bargain with hostage- So, tentatively, I yield the remainder takers and vowed not to yield on this issue. of my time pending whether Senator The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a However, the longer this standoff lasts, the KERRY yields his back. sufficient second? less likely any action will occur in time to I suggest the absence of a quorum. There is a sufficient second. influence favorable Russian action on either The PRESIDING OFFICER. The The yeas and nays were ordered. treaty. clerk will call the roll. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under The prospects for START II ratification in The bill clerk proceeded to call the the previous order, all after the enact- the Russian Parliament are much more pre- roll. ing clause is stricken, the text of S. carious than in the U.S. Senate, notwith- Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, I ask 908, as amended, is inserted in lieu standing Helms’ maneuvering. A narrow win- dow of opportunity for action appears to unanimous consent that the order for thereof, and the bill is considered read exist for the next month or two before the the quorum call be rescinded. a third time. Russian Parliament adjourns to prepare for The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The question now occurs on passage mid-December elections. While the makeup objection, it is so ordered. of H.R. 1561, as amended.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00054 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18637 The yeas and nays have been ordered. past few weeks, and I especially thank be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- The clerk will call the roll. his staff person, Nancy Stetson, for her potentiary of the United States of America The assistant legislative clerk called continued work on this bill. to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. the roll. Richard Henry Jones, of Nebraska, a Ca- I thank the Chair. reer Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Mr. LOTT. I announce that the Sen- Mr. KERRY addressed the Chair. Class of Counselor, to be Ambassador Ex- ator from Texas [Mr. GRAMM] is nec- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- traordinary and Plenipotentiary of the essarily absent. ator from Massachusetts. United States of America to the Republic of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, the other Lebanon. any other Senators in the Chamber day when we completed the unani- James Franklin Collins, of Illinois, a Ca- who desire to vote? mous-consent agreements, I took the reer Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class of Minister-Counselor, to be Ambas- The result was announced—yeas 82, time to thank each of the staff. I would nays 16, as follows: sador at Large and Special Advisor to the simply thank the distinguished chair- Secretary of State for the New Independent [Rollcall Vote No. 605 Leg.] man for his comments right now and States. YEAS—82 for his expression of gratitude to my Charles H. Twining, of Maryland, a Career Abraham Exon Lugar staff, and he knows I have recip- Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class Akaka Faircloth Mack rocated, joined with him in thanking of Minister-Counselor, to be Ambassador Ex- Ashcroft Feingold McCain all of them for a job well done. traordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Baucus Feinstein McConnell United States of America to the Republic of Bennett Ford Mikulski I thank the Chair. Cameroon. Bingaman Frist Murkowski Charles H. Twining, of Maryland, a Career Bond Glenn f Nickles Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class Boxer Gorton Nunn EXECUTIVE SESSION Bradley Graham of Minister-Counselor, to serve concurrently Pell Breaux Grams and without additional compensation as Am- Pressler Brown Grassley bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Pryor Bryan Gregg EXECUTIVE CALENDAR of the United States of America to the Re- Burns Hatch Robb Rockefeller The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under public of Equatorial Guinea. Byrd Hatfield James A. Joseph, of Virginia, to be Ambas- Roth the previous order, the Senate will now Campbell Heflin sador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Chafee Helms Santorum proceed to executive session to con- the United States of America to the Republic Coats Hollings Shelby sider en bloc the nominations listed in Cochran Hutchison Simpson of South Africa. Cohen Inhofe Smith the order of December 7, 1995; that the Don Lee Gevirtz, of California, to be Am- Conrad Inouye Snowe nominations be confirmed, the motion bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Coverdell Jeffords Specter to reconsider be laid upon the table, of the United States of America to the Re- Craig Kassebaum Stevens the President be immediately notified public of Fiji, and to serve concurrently and D’Amato Kempthorne Thomas of the Senate’s action, and that the without additional compensation as Ambas- Daschle Kerrey Thompson sador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of DeWine Kerry Thurmond Senate return to legislative session. the United States of America to the Republic Dole Kohl Warner The nominations considered and con- Domenici of Nauru, Ambassador Extraordinary and Kyl Wellstone Dorgan Lott firmed en bloc are as follows: Plenipotentiary of the United States of DEPARTMENT OF STATE America to the Kingdom of Tonga, and Am- NAYS—16 A. Peter Burleigh, of California, a Career bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Biden Lautenberg Murray Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class of the United States of America to Tuvalu. Bumpers Leahy Reid of Minister-Counselor, to be Ambassador Ex- Joan M. Plaisted, of California, a Career Dodd Levin Sarbanes Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class Harkin Lieberman traordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Simon of Counselor, to be Ambassador Extraor- Johnston Moseley-Braun United States of America to the Democratic Kennedy Moynihan Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, and to serve dinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the Republic of the NOT VOTING—1 concurrently and without additional com- pensation as Ambassador Extraordinary and Marshall Islands, and to serve concurrently Gramm Plenipotentiary of the United States of and without additional compensation as Am- So the bill (H.R. 1561), as amended, America to the Republic of Maldives. bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary was agreed to. Sandra J. Kristoff, of Virginia, for the of the United States of America to the Re- rank of Ambassador during her tenure of public of Kiribati. (The text of the bill will be printed in Jim Sasser, of Tennessee, to be Ambas- service as U.S. Coordinator for Asia Pacific a future edition of the RECORD.) sador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Economic Cooperation (APEC). Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I move to the United States of America to the People’s John Raymond Malott, of Virginia, a Ca- reconsider the vote. Republic of China. reer Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Mr. LEVIN. I move to lay that mo- David P. Rawson, of Michigan, a Career Class of Minister-Counselor, to be Ambas- tion on the table. Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class sador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of The motion to lay on the table was of Counselor, to be Ambassador Extraor- the United States of America to Malaysia. dinary and Plenipotentiary of the United agreed to. Kenneth Michael Quinn, of Iowa, a Career The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under States of America to the Republic of Mali. Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class Gerald Wesley Scott, of Oklahoma, a Ca- the previous order, S. 908 is indefinitely of Minister-Counselor, to be Ambassador Ex- postponed. reer Member of the Senior Foreign Service, traordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Class of Counselor, to be Ambassador Ex- The Senator from North Carolina. United States of America to the Kingdom of traordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I do not Cambodia. United States of America to the Republic of see the distinguished Senator from William H. Itoh, of New Mexico, a Career The Gambia. Maine [Ms. SNOWE] in the Chamber, but Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class Robert E. Gribbin III, of Alabama, a Career I wish to thank her for her unwavering of Counselor, to be Ambassador Extraor- Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class commitment to seeing this reorganiza- dinary and Plenipotentiary of the United of Counselor, to be Ambassador Extraor- tion bill through to this point. States of America to the Kingdom of Thai- dinary and Plenipotentiary of the United land. States of America to the Republic Rwanda. In fact, all of the Republican mem- Frances D. Cook, of Florida, a Career Mem- bers of the Foreign Relations Com- Foreign Service nominations beginning ber of the Senior Foreign Service, Class of Robert S. Gelbard, and ending Sandra L. Wil- mittee have stood in unison through- Minister-Counselor, to be Ambassador Ex- liams, which nominations were received by out, from the very beginning, in sup- traordinary and Plenipotentiary of the the Senate and appeared in the CONGRES- port of this bill. United States of America to the Sultanate of SIONAL RECORD of September 5, 1995. I wish to pay my respects to Admiral Oman. Foreign Service nominations beginning Nance, the chief of staff of the Foreign J. Stapleton Roy, of Pennsylvania, a Ca- Paula O. Goddard, and ending Michael Relations Committee; Steve Berry and reer Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Ranneberger, which nominations were re- Elizabeth Lambird, Chris Walker, and Class of Career Minister, to be Ambassador ceived by the Senate and appeared in the Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the CONGRESSINAL RECORD of September 5, 1995. Kristin Peck and, as always, the able United States of America to the Republic of Foreign Service nominations beginning floor staff for their help, Elizabeth Indonesia. Carol A. Peasely, and ending Sarah S. Olds, Greene and the rest. Thomas W. Simons, Jr., of the District of which nominations were received by the Sen- I thank Senator KERRY for his co- Columbia, a Career Member of the Senior ate and appeared in the CONGRESSIONAL operation in these difficult times the Foreign Service, Class of Career Minister, to RECORD of September 22, 1995.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00055 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18638 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 Foreign Service nominations beginning well by approving a list of ambas- ica’s best interest to stay actively en- Henry Lee Barrett and ending Harry L. sadors, particularly that of our former gaged with the Chinese. Although our Tyner, which nominations were received by colleague, Jim Sasser. two countries often have sharp dif- the Senate and appeared in the CONGRES- Jim Sasser came to the U.S. Senate ferences on both economic and human SIONAL RECORD of October 31, 1995. in 1978. He acquitted himself imme- rights issues, it is very important to NOMINATION OF JAMES R. SASSER TO BE AMBAS- diately with his colleagues in a most maintain a constant dialogue between SADOR TO THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA admirable manner. We all knew shortly Mr. DODD. Mr. President, I rise to Beijing and Washington. Put simply, that Jim Sasser had a very keen mind speak in support of the confirmation of the future stability and prosperity of and quick wit. He ingratiated himself Senator James R. Sasser to be the next the Pacific rim are largely dependent very well with his colleagues and al- United States Ambassador to the Peo- on a cooperative U.S. relationship. most instantly became one of the most Mr. President, this administration ple’s Republic of China. In my opinion popular Senators; by the time he left has also rightly concluded that the President Clinton could not have made here, in my opinion, he was the very best person, the very best person, to a better choice. During the last few months, relations best Senator in the U.S. Senate. represent America in China at this mo- His tenure as chairman of the Budget between the United States and China ment, the right person to guide our for- Committee was exemplary. Hour after have stumbled along a very rocky road. eign policy in China during this crit- hour after hour he sat there in the With increased tensions and frustra- ical time, is our good friend and former manager’s chair, dealing with the most tions between our two governments, we colleague, James R. Sasser of Ten- complex and difficult legislation of the have sorely missed the presence of a nessee. year, and that was the budget. I want to congratulate Jim Sasser U.S. Ambassador in Beijing to rep- It is a real travesty that the con- today. I recognize how fortunate our resent our policy and to facilitate firmation of a man of his talents has country is that he has agreed to accept much-needed communications. Unfor- been held up for so very long, at a time this enormous challenge. tunately, the nominations process was when American-Chinese relations need I also want to commend President held up here in our own Chambers. a good, strong Ambassador more than Clinton for choosing such an out- However, recent developments have en- ever. I promise my colleagues—and of standing person to represent our inter- couraged me to believe that Senator course most of you know this—that ests in Beijing. Like many of my col- Sasser will soon be able to take his Jim Sasser will represent this country leagues, I had the pleasure of working post in Beijing. with great distinction. He will do it with him during a large portion of his I am anxious to reassure the Chinese with dignity and with integrity. 18 years of service to the people of Ten- Government that the delay here in the The Chinese will find very quickly nessee and America. Senate is in no respect reflective of the what all of us found very quickly, that During his time in this body, Jim sentiment of the Senate about the ca- he is a quick learner. His integrity is Sasser earned a reputation as one of pabilities of Jim Sasser. In fact, I could absolutely unimpeachable. the Senate’s most thoughtful and skill- not speak more highly of this nominee This is a great day for him and his ful Members. As my colleagues know, and his outstanding capacity to serve family. His lovely wife Mary and their the dynamics of the Senate require both of our countries well. The Chinese beautiful daughter Elizabeth will be that Members often put partisanship are very fortunate to receive a rep- accompanying him to China. They have aside in order to get things done. Jim resentative of the United States who is waited a long time. They have been Sasser was someone whom Senators on close to the President and can commu- hanging by their thumbs, wondering both sides of the aisle could count on nicate directly with him on important whether they would be able to go to to roll up his sleeves and do the job issues. In addition to his valuable ties Beijing, for almost a year now. right. to the White House, Senator Sasser is a So this is a great day for the Sasser Mr. President, a prominent example highly educated, articulate, and family. It is a great day for the Chi- of Senator Sasser’s skill and dedication thoughtful man. He has approached nese. Above all, it is a great day for can be found in his work as chairman this position with enthusiasm and a America, that we can appoint some- of the Budget Committee. As my friend dedication to learning about his new body of his talent and his skills. from New Mexico, Senator DOMENICI, host country. I have know Jim Sasser Finally, I want to personally, and I will tell you, leadership of the Budget since I first arrived in this Senate body know I speak for almost all of my col- Committee can be one of the Senate’s 15 years ago. Over the years, I have ad- leagues, wish him Godspeed and much most thankless tasks. It is a difficult mired his outstanding commitment to luck. I yield the floor. job, requiring an ability to balance the public service and appreciate the ef- Mr. PRYOR. Mr. President, I am very priorities of colleagues from both par- forts he has made to improve the lives grateful to the Senator for yielding me ties. I think all of my colleagues will of his constituents and the citizens of this time, because a few moments ago agree that Senator Sasser’s chairman- this country. I know that, in his new the Senate voted to confirm 19 ambas- ship was notable for its honesty, pa- capacity as Ambassador to China, Jim sadorial nominees. I am very pleased, tience, and above all, fairness. It is the Sasser will once again display this as I know my colleagues are, that these characteristic of that fairness that is commitment with dignity and nominations are finally moving for- the hallmark in Jim Sasser’s life. strength. ward. I am especially happy to note In the coming days, Senator Sasser The Clinton administration has cho- that my friend, and I should certainly will begin to put his considerable tal- sen wisely by nominating Senator Sas- say our friend and former colleague, ents to work as Ambassador to China. ser to the important post of Ambas- Jim Sasser, will soon be allowed to As he no doubt realizes, there is much sador to China. The People’s Republic take his post as United States Ambas- work to be done. During the past year, of China is an increasingly significant sador to the People’s Republic of United States-Chinese relations have player in the international arena and China. been strained by continuing trade dis- in United States foreign policy. While As we enter a new century, it is my putes and the Taiwan issue. The United our economic, political, and security belief no other international relation- States needs someone who can improve ties with China have multiplied over ship is filled with more potential, or the dialog with China while at the the last decade, we are still facing fraught with more dangers than the same time holding firm to American many areas of disagreement. We should United States relationship with China. principles. Jim Sasser is more than up move quickly to install our Ambas- In recent years, China has become one to this challenge. sador in Beijing, to demonstrate our of the world’s fastest-growing eco- Mr. President, I want to close by good intentions to the Chinese. Swift nomic and military powers. China is al- wishing our firend Jim Sasser and his Senate approval of Jim Sasser will ready a major player in Asia, and in family the best of luck as he continues offer new opportunities for commu- the coming years we will likely see it to serve his Nation as Ambassador to nication and cooperation between our assert itself as a full-fledged inter- China. I have every confidence that his two countries. national power. tenure will be marked by distinction Mr. BUMPERS. Mr. President, the The Clinton administration has and success. I thank the Chair and Senate has just acquitted itself very rightly concluded that it is in Amer- yield the floor.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00056 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18639 Mr. BINGAMAN. Mr. President, I DEPARTMENTS OF VETERANS AF- budgetary control. Concerted policy re- wanted to join both Senators from Ar- FAIRS AND HOUSING AND URBAN form was critical to avoid a disaster of kansas in stating what an excellent DEVELOPMENT, AND INDE- unprecedented magnitude. choice Jim Sasser is for Ambassador to PENDENT AGENCIES APPROPRIA- In January of this year, as the newly China. TIONS ACT, 1996—CONFERENCE selected chairman of this sub- I had the good fortune to be in Bei- REPORT committee, I convened a series of spe- cial hearings on the budgetary and jing this summer and to see firsthand The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under management crisis at HUD. We de- the importance of that post which the the previous order, the Senate will now tailed the magnitude of our budgetary President has chosen Senator Sasser to proceed to the conference report to ac- fill. I had the good fortune to serve shortfall to maintain the existing mul- company H.R. 2099, the VA–HUD appro- tifamily subsidized housing inventory here in the Senate for 12 years with priations bill, which the clerk will re- Jim Sasser. I know of his great negoti- of the Department. We explored ur- port. gently needed reforms in the housing ating skills, his great leadership abil- The assistant legislative clerk read ity, and I believe his great advocacy preservation program to reduce cost, as follows: avoid windfall payments, and reduce skills, which will serve him well and The committee of conference on the dis- serve this country well in this new po- long- term rental subsidies. We also de- agreeing votes of the two Houses on the lineated policy changes in public hous- sition which he is about to take on. amendments of the Senate to the bill (H.R. ing to reduce bureaucratic overregula- So I think the Senate has acted very 2099) making appropriations for the Depart- tion and micromanagement, to in- appropriately, the President has acted ments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and crease local flexibility, decision- appropriately, and I look forward to Urban Development, and for sundry inde- making, and efficiencies. the day when Jim Sasser is our rep- pendent agencies, boards, commissions, cor- porations, and offices for fiscal year ending From these hearings we developed a resentative, very soon, in Beijing. I September 30, 1996, and for other purposes, strategy to begin these comprehensive again commend all Senators for voting having met, after full and free conference, changes in Federal housing programs. for his nomination. have agreed to recommend and do rec- First, in the Disaster Supplemental ommend to their respective Houses this re- f and Rescission Act we initiated the port, signed by a majority of the conferees. first round of deregulation, and re- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without LEGISLATIVE SESSION scinded $6.5 billion of previously appro- objection, the Senate will proceed to priated HUD funds to turn-off the spig- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under the consideration of the conference re- ot of unsustainable housing subsidy the previous order, the Senate will re- port. commitments. At that time we noted turn to legislative session. (The conference report is printed in the urgency of comprehensive housing the House proceedings of the RECORD of f authorization legislation to complete November 17, 1995.) this reform effort during fiscal year Mr. BOND addressed the Chair. 1996. APPOINTMENT OF CONFEREES— The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- H.R. 1561 Unfortunately, this legislation has ator from Missouri. been delayed, although we remain The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I thank the hopeful that early next year the meas- the previous order, the Senate insists Chair and my distinguished ranking ures reported by both the House and on its amendment to H.R. 1561 and re- member. We have before us the VA– Senate authorizing committees will quests a conference with the House. HUD appropriations conference report. pass the Congress. In the absence of The Chair appointed Mr. HELMS, Ms. As I understand it, there is to be 30 such legislation, however, we have used SNOWE, Mr. BROWN, Mr. COVERDELL, minutes equally divided between the the appropriations process to establish Mr. ASHCROFT, Mr. PELL, Mr. KERRY, two managers, 10 minutes under the a strong foundation in beginning the Mr. SARBANES, and Mr. DODD conferees control of Senator BUMPERS, 10 min- major reform and overhaul of HUD. on the part of the Senate. utes under the control of Senator The measure before us today reflects BOXER, 10 minutes under the control of almost all of the reform proposals f Senator HUTCHISON, 10 minutes under which passed the Senate in September. the control of Senator LAUTENBERG, They include public housing and as- CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC and 10 minutes under the control of SOLIDARITY [LIBERTAD] sisted housing rent reforms, including Senator MCCAIN. a minimum rent, repeal for onerous The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, the Federal resident selection criteria, the previous order, the Chair lays be- Senate is not in order. free-market decontrol of section 8 lease fore the Senate the following message The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- terms, and flexibility in resident in- from the House of Representatives on ator is correct. The Senate will come come mix and funds utilization. H.R. 927, Cuban Liberty and Solidarity to order. The Senator from Missouri This measure maintains the Senate- Act: has the floor. passed public housing demonstration Resolved, That the House disagree to the Mr. BOND. I thank the Chair. initiative which will allow up to 30 amendment of the Senate to the bill to seek Mr. President, it is with some pride, public housing authorities to combine international sanctions against the Castro some relief, and some frustration, I public housing and section 8 subsidies government in Cuba, to plan for support of a now present to the Senate the con- into a locally determined low-income transition government leading to a demo- ference report on the appropriations housing assistance block grant. In ad- cratically elected government in Cuba, and bill for the Departments of Veterans dition, the bill also includes the Senate for other purposes’’, and ask a conference Affairs, and Housing and Urban Devel- with the Senate on the disagreeing votes of proposed multifamily mark-to-market the two Houses thereon. opment, and independent agencies for demonstration, which is discretionary Ordered, That Mr. Gilman, Mr. Burton of fiscal year 1996. Consideration of this authority for the Department, and Indiana, Ms. Ros-Lehtinen, Mr. King, Mr. bill has been a long, difficult process. willing apartment development own- Diaz-Balart, Mr. Hamilton, Mr. Gejdenson, While we should have been able to com- ers, the opportunity to explore work- Mr. Torricelli, and Mr. Menendez be the plete our work long before now, I do be- out strategies which reduce dependence managers of the conference on the part of lieve we have wasted little of this time on rental subsidies while preserving af- the House. in producing the best possible measure fordable housing. Coupled with the one- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under for consideration by the Senate. time, 1-year extension of expiring the previous order, the Senate insists Work on this measure began over a project-based subsidy contracts, the on its amendment and agrees to the re- year ago, beginning with analyses of multifamily housing demonstration au- quest by the House for a conference. budgetary trends and programmatic thority sets the stage for consideration The Chair appointed Mr. HELMS, Mr. needs for activities under the sub- and enactment of needed comprehen- COVERDELL, Mr. THOMPSON, Ms. SNOWE, committee’s jurisdiction. It was obvi- sive reform legislation next year. Mr. PELL, Mr. DODD, and Mr. ROBB con- ous at that time, that our Federal low- Mr. President, the measure before us ferees on the part of the Senate. income housing programs were out of also maintains the effort recommended

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00057 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18640 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 by the Senate to fund a reformed hous- Mr. President, the conference agree- that the program was to receive the ing preservation program. As I noted ment affords the highest priority to full budget request. Any changes will earlier, the committee identified a veterans programs. The largest in- be made only upon the notification and number of very troubling defects and crease in the conference agreement— approval of the Committees on Appro- problems in the previously enacted $400 million—goes to veterans medical priations. Low Income Housing Preservation and care, for a total of $16.564 billion. The While I certainly do not oppose pri- Resident Homeownership Act amount provided ensures that all vet- vate sector funding for this program, [LIHPRHA]. In fact, the HUD inspector erans currently receiving care in VA to my knowledge such funding sources general labeled this program as a ‘‘rip- medical facilities will continue to re- have not been identified, and until off’’ and urged reform or termination. ceive high-quality medical care. The there is adequate private sector fund- But with as many as 150,000 affordable conference agreement makes no reduc- ing, I do not believe it is prudent to housing units at risk, the committee tions to patient care at the VA. It re- withdraw Federal support. chose the more difficult task of identi- quires administrative improvements— Mr. President, for the Environmental fying less costly and more efficient which have been recommended by VA’s Protection Agency, the conference means of preserving this valuable hous- own inspector general and the General agreement provides $5.7 billion, an in- ing resource. Working with residents, Accounting Office—to make budgetary crease of $48 million over the Senate- owners, nonprofit organizations, and savings so that VA’s medical dollars passed level and a reduction of just $235 the Department, a strategy to are spent on veterans, not on bureauc- million—4 percent—below the fiscal prioritize sales to non-profits and ten- racy and administrative waste. year 1995 post rescission level. ant-sponsored organizations utilizing The conference agreement provides The largest reductions below fiscal capital grants was developed and is the full budget request for VA’s re- year 1995 come from earmarked water provided for in this conference agree- search program, a program critical to and sewer projects—a reduction of $500 ment. This provides the best means of ensuring VA recruits and retains top million below last year, and from assuring long-term preservation of this quality medical personnel. In addition Superfund, a program which everyone agrees simply is not working as it housing without encumbering the gov- the bill also provides full funding for should, and one which desperately ernment with expensive and continuing the staff needed to process compensa- needs reforms before we provide signifi- rental subsidy obligations. tion and pensions claims, so that VA’s cant additional funding. It was our intent that the Depart- claims backlog can be eliminated and ment cut off any further use of section Despite substantial reservations veterans won’t have to wait 6 months about funding a program which is as 8 assistance to finance these preserva- or longer to receive an answer on their tion arrangements. The Department flawed as Superfund, the conferees claim. It provides funding for a study found an additional $160 million for has already initiated the use of capital of VA’s claims processing system by grants to finance sales of these devel- Superfund above the House- and Sen- the National Academy of Public Ad- ate-passed levels, for a total of $1.163 opments, and we expect that similar ministration, which we expect will pro- billion. This is a reduction of $172 mil- authority will be identified or enacted vide specific recommendations for im- lion below current spending, most of to utilize similar capital loans for refi- proving and expediting VA’s anti- which is taken from management and nancing preservation agreements when quated system. support costs and lower priority activi- such projects become eligible for fund- The conference agreement provides ties. All Superfund sites posing an im- ing in July. $136,155,000 for VA major construction, mediate risk to human health and the Because of technical budgetary rules, an increase of approximately $100 mil- the committee was not able to delin- environment will be funded under the lion over the Senate-passed level. The conference agreement. eate fully these program changes with- agreement provides funding for author- The conferees funded EPA’s drinking in the conference agreement. More- ized construction projects only. No new water State revolving fund program, over, in connection with the larger hospital construction is funded, fol- which is not yet authorized, at the issue of maintaining the inventory of lowing the recommendations of the President’s request of $500 million, of the newer-assisted section 8 new con- General Accounting Office, and in view which $225 million is from previous struction-substantial rehabilitation of the need to curtail future budgetary year’s appropriations. The Senate re- multifamily projects, Congress will be commitments. cently passed the legislation author- required to address these complex and Mr. President, the conference agree- izing this important program, and I difficult housing finance issues in a ment provides $9 million for the Court hope the House will pass similar legis- comprehensive authorization measure of Veterans Appeals, the same amount lation shortly so that the States may next year. At that time, we hope to recommended by both the House and spend these funds in fiscal year 1996. enact a carefully targeted and efficient Senate for fiscal year 1996. As with all For clean water State revolving housing preservation program. Pending agencies and activities under this sub- funds, the conferees provided $1.125 bil- that action, the conference agreement committee’s jurisdiction, the court is lion. In addition, if drinking water leg- provides the Department the authority being required to absorb a reduction in islation is not enacted by June 1, 1996, and resources to minimize potential funding in fiscal year 1996 in an effort the conference report stipulates that displacement of low-income families. to reach a balanced budget. While less the $500 million in drinking water Mr. President, the housing preserva- than the amount requested, the State revolving funds will become im- tion program included in this con- amount provided should be adequate mediately available for clean water ference agreement also recognizes that for the court’s operations in fiscal year State revolving funds, for a total of the severe budgetary constraints on 1996. $1.625 billion. This ensures that the these housing activities will not permit Despite the fact that the court’s States will be able to spend these funds preservation of all units under all cir- budget has been reduced, I believe that in fiscal year 1996, regardless of wheth- cumstances. This measure will permit the pro bono representation program er drinking water legislation is en- owners to prepay their existing mort- should receive full funding in fiscal acted. gages, as was provided for in their year 1996. This program has proven EPA’s science and technology ac- original subsidy contracts, because we very successful in helping the court to count is funded at $525 million, the cannot afford to compensate every address adequately the very large num- same level of funding as fiscal year owner to maintain these developments ber of pro se cases. 1995. The conferees recognized the im- as low-income housing. In those cases, I am troubled by reports that the portance of ensuring adequate funding however, existing law, and the con- chief judge does not intend to provide for the research activities which sup- ference agreement does provide for sec- any funds for the pro bono program port EPA policy and decisionmaking. tion 8 assistance to avoid involuntary this year in view of budgetary reduc- Additional funds are provided for re- displacement of families due to in- tions. I wish to remind the court of the search into the health effects of ar- creased rent burdens, and moving ex- Congress’ support for this program, and senic, so that we have the best science penses if these developments are con- the fact that the Senate committee re- for a new standard for arsenic in drink- verted to other uses. port accompanying H.R. 2099 indicated ing water.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00058 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18641 EPA’s environmental programs and needed reforms in HUD, VA, and EPA. ure. We have been advised by the Presi- management are funded at $1.55 billion, It addresses the highest priority needs dent’s representative that he does plan a reduction of approximately 7 percent served by agencies within the sub- on vetoing it. below current levels. Reductions are committee’s jurisdiction, and it is fully Earlier today, I made a very strong taken from lower priority activities in compliance with our fundamental plea that the administration reconsider such as the environmental technology goal of bringing the Government’s that decision. There has been a great initiative, which has received substan- budget into balance. deal of objection from the administra- tial funding to date with very little to I hope that this bill will be enacted. tion to the very low level of funding show for it. It needs to be enacted soon, if only to available for certain vital EPA func- As to the so-called EPA riders, the begin the process of reforming HUD tions, particularly in the enforcement conference agreement does not include housing programs which will permit fu- area. Under the continuing resolution, any of the 17 House riders. Instead, the ture year cost savings and efficiencies, there is only $320 million available for conference agreement includes only six to improve the quality of EPA regu- EPA enforcement in the current year, legislative provisions for EPA—most of latory decisionmaking so that it is if the continuing resolution is in effect. which are completely non-controver- based on sound science, and to infuse Under this measure, we have raised sial and several of which were included modern medical practices into the ar- that amount to $449 million. in previous VA-HUD bills. chaic and bureaucratic veterans health I have also previously stated that we Mr. President, while the statement of care system. tried on numerous occasions to enlist the managers accompanying the con- Mr. President, unfortunately I must the representatives of the administra- ference report includes some language report that despite our best efforts and tion in constructive negotiations with on legislative issues which had been in- repeated attempts, we have been un- us as to how we might reallocate the cluded as riders in the House bill, in no successful in gaining the attention of funds within the budget allocation. The case does the statement of the man- the White House to negotiate a reason- response has been solely that they agers limit spending or direct that a able compromise on their demands for want $2 billion more. It is beyond the specific rulemaking or activity be dis- more spending, far more than what any ability of this committee to grant continued. The conferees simply urge balanced budget plan can accommo- them that money. I would suggest very EPA to consider reviewing these issues. date. That is the source of my very strongly that if the administration It should be noted, that this con- deep frustration over this bill. does not like the CR funding level for ference agreement will provide the En- I have stated repeatedly that while EPA and the other agencies, they can vironmental Protection Agency an 111⁄2 some White House priorities are very sign this bill and get about an 11.5 per- percent increase over the funding lev- different from my own and that of a cent increase in funding for EPA. If at els currently stipulated by the con- majority of the Congress, we are pre- a later date in the process of negotia- tinuing resolution. Anyone who is con- pared to sit down and seek a reasonable tions between the congressional leader- cerned about potential cutbacks in compromise on these issues. Matters ship and the White House a decision is EPA enforcement activities should un- such as the national service program, made at that level to make available derstand, in clear and unmistakable one of this administration’s highest more dollars for the functions in this terms, that failure to enact this con- priorities, is an activity which I believe bill, then they could at that time add ference agreement means deeper and is very flawed in its approach and rife it in a continuing resolution. more devastating cut-backs in that with misuse in its current manage- There are certain measures that I Agency’s activities. ment. I don’t disagree with the funda- know are very important to the admin- Mr. President, the House, 2 weeks mental goal of this program, but I can- istration. The ranking member has ar- ago, recommitted our conference not recommend more funding for the gued very strongly to continue funding agreement on this bill. The second con- current program. Termination of this of the national service. We were unable ference on the VA-HUD Appropriations program is proposed in this conference to find that money in the very narrow Bill adopted a package of technical agreement, but we have offered to con- allocation that we had, although had amendments and corrections. In addi- sider additional funding if necessary the administration been willing to ne- tion it included an amendment to the reforms could be negotiated. Unfortu- gotiate with us and support the bill, I National Service appropriation to re- nately, these offers have fallen on deaf am confident we could have. We would flect the Congressional Budget Office ears in the White House, and only fur- have not been able, however, to pass estimate of close-out costs. Finally, ther threats of a veto have been com- the measure with majority party sup- conferees amended the previous agree- municated back to us. port if we had put in a large amount ment to freeze administrative fees of Mr. President, this is no way to run for national service. the HUD section 8 program and thereby a government. It certainly is no way to I remain hopeful that this measure address concerns over the unintended consider and enact legislation to assure can be signed, and at such appropriate consequences of attempting to insti- the taxpayers that the sums we pro- time as the administration, the con- tute a two-tiered reimbursement sys- pose to spend are being devoted only to gressional leadership reach agreement tem. the most critical needs and in the most on additional funding which may be As noted earlier, further increases for efficient manner possible. Unfortu- available to these functions, they VA Medical Care would only mean nately, unless the White House changes would include it in a continuing resolu- much deeper cuts in the other agencies its tune, we have no alternative but to tion. funded in this bill. No conferee advo- proceed with the agreement before us, With that, Mr. President, I yield the cated such an adjustment. Further- despite the veto threats. We can only floor. more, I believe we must insist that the hope that by the end of this session Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, this is VA implement improvements and re- some agreement with the administra- the toughest year I have ever faced as forms before providing further funding tion can be struck, and the many criti- a member of the Appropriations Com- increases. We all support the best pos- cally needed reforms included in this mittee. I would like to thank Senator sible medical care for those who have bill will be enacted into law. BOND and his staff, who worked very been injured or wounded in defense of I think we were very successful in hard, under difficult conditions, to our Nation. Unfortunately, even with the conference. With the very able as- bring this bill to the floor. I also want all the money in the world, there is no sistance of our ranking member, we to thank my own staff for the hard assurance that VA’s existing bureau- prevailed on many of the issues. This work that they put in and their effort cratic structure could deliver such measure is not an easy one because we to try to create a VA-HUD appropria- services, and we must demand these took a 12-percent cut this year from tions bill that would pass the Senate corrections. the appropriated level last year. Never- and be approved by the President. Mr. President, this is a good con- theless, we have tried to accommodate However, I believe that this bill will ference agreement which, within our the various needs of the many agencies be vetoed, and I believe that the bill very severe budgetary and legislative under the control of this sub- will be vetoed not because of the hard constraints, goes a long way toward committee. I think this is a good meas- work of the chairman, not because of

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00059 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18642 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 our attempt to strategize on an effec- nities. It gives help to those who prac- spending 3 frustrating weeks trying to tive allocation of funds, but this year tice self-help and gives low- and mid- hear from them. I find out now in their was so tough simply because of the dle-income young people access to the written statement that they want to modest allocation we received, and American dream. work with me. I have a telephone num- that was due to the issues related to National service makes voluntarism ber. It is listed. I can be reached. No- the budget. a fact of life and rekindles the habits of body called. The amount that this subcommittee the heart. It fosters the spirit of neigh- Let me just say that all of the items was allowed to devote to so many im- bor helping neighbor that has made our you can make an argument we need portant priorities is indeed skimpy. country great. more money for. Nobody is willing to Under these conditions I believe Sen- The second concern that I have is in come forward and say where the cuts ator BOND has done a commendable job. the area of veterans medical care. The are made. We cut low-priority EPA I chaired this committee for 6 years bill reduces veterans medical care by items, useless funds in Superfund, ear- and brought six bills to the floor. I $400 million below the President’s re- marked or pork projects in waste-water know how much work it is, and, again, quest. With the cuts in Medicare and treatment. I think we have done as I am going to thank him for his cooper- Medicaid that loom on the horizon, good a job as we can under the cir- ative effort. He tried very hard to bring many vets will turn to the VA for med- cumstances. about change. I believe this bill re- ical care but will be turned away be- Mr. President, if I may, I would like flects this change. cause there is not enough money. This, to yield 3 minutes to the Senator from I believe that this bill begins to re- I know, the President cannot support. North Carolina. I know that the Sen- form HUD. It puts into action the rec- Our Nation’s veterans did not hesi- ator from Arizona is here. He has the ommendations of the National Acad- tate to risk their lives for our freedom. longer statement. The Senator from emy of Public Administration to re- There should be no hesitation to fund North Carolina had asked for 3 min- form the structure of HUD and consoli- their health care. When they went to utes. I yield 3 minutes to him. date its maze of programs so we get a war, we told them we would provide Mr. FAIRCLOTH. I thank Senator health care. I believe promises made dollar’s worth of services for the poor BOND. and homeownership instead of dollars should be promises kept. Mr. President, the conference report The third serious problem is EPA going to a bureaucracy. provides $19 billion for the Department funding. EPA must be funded to pro- This bill also streamlines the EPA. It of Housing and Urban Development. tect health and environment. This bill follows the National Academy of Pub- Since HUD was created in 1965, spend- funds EPA $1.5 billion below the Presi- lic Administration’s recommendations ing for HUD has increased every single dent’s request, and it will hinder the to streamline EPA management and year. HUD’s spending is increasing so EPA’s ability to do its job in enforce- get started on a strategy to put EPA’s rapidly that by the year 2000, spending ment and in Superfund legislation. resources where they are most needed, Finally, this bill will transfer HUD’s on housing will be our largest domestic to be based on the risk to human authority to enforce fair housing to the discretionary spending item. In fact, health and safety. Department of Justice. On this side of HUD has unused budget authority of There are other things about this bill the aisle we are opposed to this. Re- over $190 billion—unused budget au- that I like. First is Mission to Planet moving this authority from HUD is a thority. Earth. The funding cut was limited to step backward in time, and the transfer Mr. President, this conference report only $75 million. Ordinarily I would to Justice will hollow out fair housing is significant because, for the first say, ‘‘Wow, cutting $75 million,’’ but enforcement efforts. This flies in the time, it begins to reverse the spending given the fact that we faced a $300 mil- face of civil rights progress we have trend at HUD. For the first time in a lion cut, I believe we preserved the made over the last 25 years. long time, spending at HUD will de- Mission to Planet Earth. The House It is for these reasons that I oppose cline, and the American people will be bill cut much of the crucial space this bill. I know my colleagues on this better off for it. science programs, and the House lan- side of the aisle will oppose it. It is re- While I appreciate what the Appro- guage was to close NASA space flight grettable that a budget agreement priations Committee has done for the centers, and those things have been re- could not be arrived at so that Senator short term, I think the long-term fu- moved from the conference report. BOND and I, with the new allocation, ture of HUD has to be decided and what Second, veterans medical research is could have moved forward to avoid a direction we are going to move it in. I have introduced legislation with fully funded at the President’s request veto. I know that Senator BOND, and I Senator DOLE and Senator ABRAHAM of $257 million, and a provision to deny must say Chairman JERRY LEWIS on benefits to vets who become mentally the House side, have worked very hard that eliminates HUD. incapacitated has been removed. and been open to further negotiations The legislation we have introduced Third, this bill will help those who with the White House to avoid a veto. also provides a clear roadmap as to want to help themselves. It contains a I thank them for that. I want to again how HUD can be eliminated. Regret- tably, HUD has become a mammoth moving-to-work demonstration project thank Senator BOND for his willingness for public housing residents, and rent to listen to our concerns. bureaucracy with over 11,000 employ- ceilings and income disregards to help I think a better allocation would ees. It has 240 housing programs—so support the working poor. produce a better bill. I regret that we many that Secretary Cisneros did not Fourth, Federal housing preferences are heading for a veto. With these re- even know he had that number. HUD were moved, which I believe led to the marks, though, we could talk long into has entangled the American taxpayers ZIP codes of pathology in public hous- the night. I now yield the floor. in 23,000 long-term housing assistance ing. And I am pleased they, too, have Mr. MCCAIN addressed the Chair. contracts that will not expire until been removed. Mr. BOND addressed the Chair. well past the year 2000. Lastly, the conference report re- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- In short, HUD as it is currently con- moves House language to prevent HUD ator from Missouri. structed, cannot continue. We need to from enforcing fair housing laws on Mr. BOND. I yield myself just 1 begin working on how it can be re- property insurance red lining. minute, and then I would like to yield. placed. But, Mr. President, unfortunately, But first, let me point out that occa- Mr. President, let me also add that serious problems remain in this bill. If sionally we do get some humor in these while there are significant cuts in this these problems are not worked out, the proceedings, these very serious matters bill, there are still some that can be President will veto this bill. we are dealing with. I got this state- cut a lot more. For example, this bill The first problem is that this bill ment of administration policy. At the provides $15 million for the Tenant Op- contains no funding to continue na- end of it, it said, ‘‘The administration portunity Program—whatever that is. tional service. National service creates would like to work with the Congress Recently, the Washington Times re- an opportunity structure in which to address the issues discussed above.’’ ported that at least $70,000 from the young people can earn credit for higher Well, they have done a pretty good Tenant Opportunity Program was used education while serving their commu- job of preventing working with us after to essentially pay for a vacation to

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00060 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18643 Puerto Rico for public housing tenants truly serve the public interest. When That is some undertaking when we are from Detroit. Mr. President, that is we earmark and ignore national or re- putting up $90 billion of the $94 billion taxpayers’ money that people worked gional priorities and then those prior- it is going to cost. for that is paying for vacations for ten- ities change, we are forced to change Now, for the past several days, we ants. In all, we do not know how many the law or further earmark funds. This have been reading that even though people used taxpayers’ money, the clearly demonstrates micromanage- NASA is giving the Russians $200 mil- bookkeeping is so confused. But if one ment at its worst. lion a year to participate in this pro- used it, that is one too many. And it is this micromanagement, this gram—so much for international par- Mr. President, I support the bill, but endemic earmarking, that has caused ticipation because they are partici- we need to do a lot more to cut HUD. us to waste billions of dollars. Are pating and we are giving them the I yield the remainder of my time. these projects I mentioned today cost- money to participate—they are saying Mr. BOND. I yield to the Senator ing the taxpayers millions of dollars? they cannot afford to fulfil their part from Arizona 10 minutes. Maybe. But we must change our way of of the program because we are not giv- Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, first let thinking. We must pass a truly bal- ing them enough. So now they are pro- me praise the managers of this bill for anced budget. We must pass this year posing that we allow them to use a all their hard work. Although I have the line item veto. And we must stop part of their existing Mir space station, concerns about this measure, it con- earmarking. hang it onto our space station and let tains many good, worthwhile provi- Unfortunately, it is entirely too easy that count as a contributory share. sions. to say ‘‘yes’’ around here and little Mr. President, I am not going to take Mr. President, as always I remain courage demonstrated to say ‘‘no’’. It up much time on that. I intend to vote very concerned about items added in is much easier to say yes to a colleague against the bill. I am just saying what conference that were never considered who wants to bring home a little piece I have been saying on this floor for in either the House or the Senate. It is of pork. But we were not sent here to about 6 years now. The space station is wrong when pork barrel projects are go along to get along. As Senator going to be one disaster after another. added in the dark of night to the ben- GRAMM noted earlier today on the floor This year it is the Russians. Next year, efit of certain States and districts. The in an outstanding statement regarding it will be something else. American public as a whole will benefit the budget, the American people sent My staff brought me a little squib on most when as distribution of discre- us here in 1994 to change the way some company that said they had been tionary funds are allocated through things are done. We were not sent here able to use protein crystals that had competitive bidding and on the basis of so that there would be new faces before been grown on one of the shuttles to need as prioritized on a national level. the cameras voicing the same old fiscal develop a flu vaccine, which they hope I would hope we can move more in that practices of the past. to finish and perfect by the year 2000. I direction in the future. I am hopeful we will send the Presi- read the story closely since NASA I want to raise two specific matters dent line item veto legislation in the keeps saying that we will cure all contained in the VA–HUD Appropria- upcoming weeks. It will serve as fur- kinds of diseases if only we spend $94 tions Conference report. ther notice that the changes called for billion on the space station. Well, what Section 218 calls for debt forgiveness in 1994 are indeed becoming a reality. I the president of the company said was for the Secretary of Housing and Urban would hope that we will continue to that it was nice to have the space shut- Development to cancel the indebted- act in a manner that reflects this new tle to develop these crystals, but they ness of the Hubbard Hospital Authority thinking. could do it on the ground, and they of Hubbard, TX, the Groveton, Texas I congratulate the managers on a fine were going to do it anyway. The space Hospital Authority, and the Hepzibah job, and it is my understanding that shuttle happened to be handy so they Public Service in Hepzibah, WV. the distinguished manager will supply used it at taxpayer expense. I am very concerned about this man- the responses to my concerns for the None of the pharmaceutical compa- date. The report that explains this ac- RECORD. nies in this country is willing to pay tion merely states: ‘‘These loans were I yield the remainder of my time. for any share of the shuttle or the previously written off as uncollectible Mr. BOND. Mr. President, let me space station as of this date. Yet, you and will not increase the Federal take a minute and thank the Senator keep hearing that the space station is debt.’’ from Arizona. Basically, as he indi- going to cure warts, cancer, emphy- Unfortunately, this sheds little light cated, the debt forgiveness was de- sema, and everything else. on the subject. I would hope that the signed to clear the books. There is no So I am going to vote ‘‘no’’ on that. distinguished managers of the bill— prospect of recovery. We will provide a As far as cuts to the environment, I who deserve praise for doing a great fuller answer for the RECORD. The two think this body makes a very bad mis- deal of good work—would explain why provisions relating to Texas were in- take. We act as if all environmental this language will added to the bill in cluded in the House. The one with re- regulation is somehow bad. Nobody de- conference and give a rationale for its spect to West Virginia was added in the fends environmental regulations that apparent urgency. conference. We will provide the full in- are out of order and excessive. But I would also like to know why are we formation on that. many environmental regulations are mandating this action. Might it not be Mr. BUMPERS. Mr. President, am I absolutely necessary. more appropriate to authorized to the recognized for 10 minutes under the This morning, I picked up the paper Secretary to take such action in a order? and saw that the Washington, DC, sew- manner that treats all other similarly The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- age system is going kerplunk. It is di- situated entities and localities in a fair ator is correct. lapidated, worn out, and no one has the and equitable manner? Mr. BUMPERS. Mr. President, I will money to repair it. You are reading I am sure there are other localities not vote for the bill before us prin- more and more stories about that all around this Nation that would like to cipally because it has the space station the time. Bear in mind, colleagues, have their indebtedness forgiven and in it, $2.114 billion, while we cut EPA that the environment determines our doing so in conference greatly concerns by about $1.5 billion and veterans med- very existence, and to build a space me. ical services by somewhere between station that is going to cost $94 billion Mr. President, I am also interested in $300 and $600 million. The space sta- while we have sewage running up and section 221 of the bill. Section 221 al- tion, which is now calculated by the down the streets of this country is an lows for funds to be used in California General Accounting Office to cost $94 absolute outrage. and Ohio for different purposes than billion, still does not have one single So I repeat that I won’t vote for this they were originally proscribed. I redeeming value. Of the $94 billion it is bill because the priorities it represents would inquire of the managers why this going to cost, $90 billion of that is are all skewed-up. language is necessary? going to come from the United States. Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I rise to Mr. President, is this not the exact You hear the argument made this is commend the tireless efforts of the argument why earmarking does not now an international undertaking. chairman and ranking member of the

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00061 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18644 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 VA/HUD Appropriations Committee, fiscal year 1996, but provide $624 mil- the nature of the section 8 assistance Senators BOND and MIKULSKI, in bring- lion in funding. This program is ex- has been modified by the appropria- ing this 1996 VA/HUD conference report tremely important to my state and to tions language. It is my view that the to the Senate. As Senators may recall, many across the country. Thousands of authorizing committee should review this is the second iteration of the VA/ Massachusetts tenants are threatened all of LIHPRHA—including section HUD conference report. The House re- with displacement if the owners prepay 223—over the next year in light of the committed the first conference agree- their HUD-assisted mortgages and con- new funding levels and the changes in ment and several technical changes vert the property to uses other than af- the appropriations bill. I thank the were made, resulting in a second con- fordable housing. Senator from Massachusetts for raising ference report, which is now before the I am also generally supportive of the this concern. Senate. reforms to the program that are incor- Mr. KERRY. I thank the distin- This has been a most difficult year porated in the appropriations language. guished chairman of the VA–HUD Sub- for many, if not all, of the thirteen ap- There is significant concern that the committee for his remarks and I look propriation subcommittees. The VA/ program may provide excessive incen- forward to working with him on the HUD Subcommittee, for example, has tives. I am hopeful that the author- preservation program in the Banking had to make deep cuts in many critical izing committee on which I serve will Committee in the coming year. areas totalling some $9.3 billion below take another look at the preservation Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, I want the President’s 1996 requests. Cuts in program next year—with a particularly to take a moment to commend the ef- funding for veterans, public housing, thorough review of the proposed cap- forts made by Senators BOND and MI- the Environmental Protection Agency, ital grant approach—and make further KULSKI to improve the fiscal year 1996 NASA, and in a number of other inde- refinements with the objective of pre- VA–HUD appropriations bill. Given the pendent Federal agencies, have been serving affordable housing and pre- budget constraints, they have done an necessary. venting displacement—without unnec- admirable job of trying to craft appro- I greatly appreciate the outstanding essary costs to the taxpayer. priate and acceptable language. Unfortunately, I am still frustrated work of Senators BOND and MIKULSKI Unfortunately, the funding levels and over many months in conducting the program changes also mean that some by what this legislation does to this numerous hearings, the subcommittee owners will now choose to prepay. This Nation’s veterans programs, housing and full committee markups, Senate raises the concern about the adequacy assistance priorities, and environ- floor consideration, and the conference of protections for the residents of mental protection policies. This bill on this very important and complex ap- buildings in those circumstances where not only compromises successful pro- grams like AmeriCorps and propriation bill. owners decide to prepay and convert Youthbuild, it cuts our housing budget This is the first year of Senator their buildings to other uses. by more than 20 percent. BOND’s chairmanship of the VA/HUD The conference report language pro- Mr. President, we have an obligation Subcommittee and he has carried out tects residents by preventing owners to improve each and every American’s his responsibilities admirably, under from prepaying their mortgage unless access to safe and affordable housing. extreme budgetary constraints. I rec- they agree not to raise rents for 60 days Unfortunately, as I warned last spring, ognize and compliment his efforts. following prepayment. The language the bill before us weakens our ability As for the ranking member of the also raises the value of vouchers to a to provide adequate housing, and it ul- VA/HUD Subcommittee, the distin- rent level necessary to allow the resi- timately cuts valuable programs that guished Senator from Maryland [Ms. dents to stay in the buildings. These work. MIKULSKI], I am a great admirer. Sen- are appropriate protections. Mr. President, the HOPE VI Program ator MIKULSKI joined the Appropria- Section 223 of the current Low In- is designed to replace this Nation’s tions Committee in 1987 and chaired come Housing Preservation and Resi- most desperate and distressed housing the VA/HUD Subcommittee from 1989 dent Homeownership Act [LIHPRHA] stock with new, sustainable housing through 1994. She immediately took provides significant protections to resi- communities that will instill a sense of charge of this most complex sub- dents who are faced with a prepayment pride and community. The fiscal year committee and never missed a beat. action by an owner. It is my interpre- 1996 appropriations bill cuts the HOPE Each and every year, Senator MIKULSKI tation that nothing in the appropria- VI Program from $500 million to $280 was able to accommodate whatever tions language would override the pro- million. Mr. President, this cut will came her way in the form of sub- tections provided to residents under make it very difficult for current committee allocations which were section 223 of LIHPRHA, and that these HOPE VI projects to complete their clearly too small to adequately address protections would still apply to resi- work. Because of this, I want to em- the many critical needs under the sub- dents in those buildings where the own- phasize how important it will be for committee jurisdiction. ers decide to prepay their mortgages. Is the Secretary of the Department of She never complained; instead, she that also the understanding of the dis- Housing and Urban Development to went about the difficult task of making tinguished Senator from Missouri? comply with the Senate report lan- the hard decisions of where to cut in Mr. BOND. Yes, I agree with the Sen- guage that expresses the Senate’s in- the most fair and equitable manner. I ator from Massachusetts’ interpreta- tent to give priority funding to al- am certain that her experience and ex- tion—particularly as it relates to eligi- ready-approved HOPE VI sites. pertise have been most helpful to the bility for voucher assistance and mov- The Senate language allows us to fol- new chairman, Senator BOND, on the ing expenses of residents who are invol- low through on our commitment to im- bill that is now before the Senate. untarily displaced. The appropriations proving housing conditions and oppor- I also thank the very capable and bill is intended to restore the right of tunities in a time of severe funding dedicated subcommittee staff: Stephen owners to prepay their mortgages. At constraints. Kohashi, Carrier Apostolou, and the same time, I have argued through- Mr. President, I am also deeply con- Lashawnda Leftwich for the majority; out this process that it is important to cerned about the funding cuts the con- and Rusty Mathews and Steve Crane retain a preservation program that pre- ference bill has imposed on the Envi- for the minority. Their efforts are serves as much of the affordable hous- ronmental Protection Agency. While greatly appreciated. ing as possible and protects the resi- the conference opted to stay with the Although this bill may be vetoed by dents of the buildings from involuntary higher funding levels urged by the Sen- the President, it is in no way a reflec- displacement. ate, this level of $5.7 billion still re- tion upon the admirable work of the The appropriations language does not sults in a 22.5 percent reduction from subcommittee members and staff. override the protections in section 223. the President’s budget request and a 14 LIHPP I must add, however, that section 223 percent cut from 1995. However, I am Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, I want to may provide benefits to residents that most worried about the reductions in recognize the chairman’s successful ef- may be inconsistent with the decision several important programs, including forts to not only continue the Low-In- by Congress to restore the owner’s environmental and public health stand- come Housing Preservation Program in right to prepay and to the degree that ards enforcement, drinking water and

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00062 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18645 wastewater treatment infrastructure your 1996. While this agreement is an creased private sector involvement in projects for States, and hazardous improvement over the bill that passed community service programs, includ- waste site cleanup. the Senate earlier this fall, it still fails ing AmeriCorps. Mr. President, we are finally making to provide adequately for a number of It is my view that those who partici- real progress in environmental protec- programs which are essential to the pate in national service represent the tion. Our rivers and lakes are cleaner, fulfillment of many of our national pri- best of our Nation. At a time when we, our air is more breathable, and our orities. as a society, are searching for ways in drinking water is safer. Now is not the First, the agreement before us today which to strengthen our families and time to slow that progress. Instead, we represents a major step backwards for our communities, it would be foolhardy should move forward so that we leave the environment. This legislation pro- to abandon the national service initia- our world a safer, healthier place for poses to cut the budget for the Envi- tive. AmeriCorps volunteers are taking our children. ronmental Protection Agency by $1.7 part in the oldest and best of America’s Mr. President, for these reasons, I billion, fully 21 percent below the lev- traditions—the spirit of service—and must vote against this legislation. But, els enacted in fiscal year 1995. This they deserve our support. should the President veto this bill, I would significantly undermine the Mr. President, this legislation also look forward to working with my col- agency’s ability to administer and en- includes large cuts in Federal housing leagues to improve the bill. force environmental laws and perform programs. The VA–HUD appropriations SPELMAN COLLEGE OUTREACH its critical mission of protecting public conference report before us contains Mr. COVERDELL. I would like to health and the environment. Although significant reductions in public hous- commend the chairman for his skillful most of the harmful House riders in the ing modernization, public housing op- work in shepherding this bill through bill have been stricken, language with erating subsidies, severely distressed the Senate and Conference Committee. similar intent remains in the con- public housing programs, homeless as- There are certainly more enviable jobs ference report, including language sistance programs, incremental hous- than having to direct a major portion which would attempt to undermine the ing assistance, programs for distressed of spending reductions necessary to Community right to Know Act of 1986. multifamily housing, and salaries and reach our ultimate goal of a balanced Under this conference report, Mary- expenses. budget. land alone, would lose over $14 million The funding levels for housing pro- Mr. BOND. I thank the Senator. in funding required for substantial up- grams included in this bill are inad- Mr. COVERDELL. Recognizing his grades to long outdated sewage treat- equate given the housing needs of low- accomplishment in this regard, I would ment facilities—projects which will income Americans and the community like to bring to the chairman’s atten- have a direct impact on the water qual- development needs of our Nation’s tion the fine work of many like my ity of the Chesapeake Bay, our coastal communities. There is no evidence that constituents at Spelman College in At- beaches and bays, and other local wa- the number of homeless people in our lanta in the arena of public housing as- ters. society is declining. In fact, available sistance. Provisions in the underlying measure evidence suggests that the number of Located near urban Atlanta, would cut EPA’s enforcement and com- homeless families with children are in- Spelman College has established a pliance assurance by 25 percent which creasing. Waiting lists for public and quality outreach program for public would severely impact upon the agen- assisted housing remain years long in housing residents that seeks to address cy’s ability to inspect industrial and many places around the country. Too many of the housing needs and prob- Federal facilities in Maryland and many of our neighborhoods are plagued lems in Atlanta and other large cities prosecute violations. Mr. President, it with vacant homes, aging and decaying throughout our country. is my view that this bill unfairly sin- infrastructure, and high levels of social Mr. BOND. I am indeed aware of the gles our EPA to bear a dispropor- distress. HUD’s programs, which are fine work performed at Spelman and tionate share of the deficit reduction being cut severely in this conference am interested in their progress. burden. It will not just decrease the report, address these important na- Mr. COVERDELL. The distinguished rate of increases, but will also severely tional needs. chairman’s comments are appreciated. reduce EPA’s funding. The funding cuts included in this bill I would ask the Senator if the com- I am also very concerned that this will make it that much harder to re- mittee recognizes the role institutions legislation would terminate funding for solve some of HUD’s problems and of higher education play in revitalizing the national service program. Signed may, in fact, exacerbate these prob- economically distressed urban and into law on September 21, 1993, the Na- lems. HUD will need sufficient funds to rural communities. tional Service Act has helped to renew rebuild the management capacity of Mr. BOND. The committee certainly the ethic of civic responsibility and the the troubled public housing authori- recognizes the vital role that colleges spirit of community service while also ties, tear down and replace the aging and universities can play in alleviating providing critical assistance to needy stock, and address the housing needs of many of our problems in these areas, communities throughout the Nation. those who currently live in the build- particularly with housing. The measure has encouraged and pro- ings. Likewise, in order to address the Mr. COVERDELL. Recognizing the vided the opportunity for thousands of embedded losses in the insured multi- disproportionate representation of mi- Americans to give of themselves for family housing portfolio, the Federal nority women in public housing, would the greater good while earning money Government should invest resources the chairman be willing to consider to further their education. In my view, now in order to save money in the fu- funding for minority institutions in the legislation effectively merges edu- ture. If the Federal Government walks their efforts to assist with these pro- cation and service, two critical compo- away from its longstanding involve- grams. nents of a healthy society. Eliminating ment in these buildings, there will be Mr. BOND. The committee recognizes funding for this successful program re- negative consequences for the resi- the indelible role minority institutions neges on our commitment and our re- dents, for the buildings, and for the can play in providing outreach and sup- sponsibility to provide leadership and surrounding neighborhood. portive services for residents of public opportunity in national service. Finally, I am concerned that this bill housing. Therefore, of the funds pro- AmeriCorps, the centerpiece of the provides nearly $55 million less than vided, HUD should consider giving to national service program, is not one the funding level requested by the ad- support qualified minority institu- large Federal program, but a network ministration for staffing and manage- tions, like Spelman College, that have of locally developed and locally man- ment resources—even though HUD cur- established outreach programs for pub- aged service corps which gives thou- rently has severe staffing shortages. I lic housing residents. sands of young people the opportunity am deeply concerned that these cuts Mr. SARBANES. Mr. President, I rise to serve their country while improving will harm HUD’s ability to meet its today in opposition to the conference their own lives and those of their mission and, at the same time, resolve report on the VA, HUD-independent neighbors. Moreover, the initial invest- some of the management problems that agencies appropriations bill for fiscal ment we have made has encouraged in- confront them. Significant cuts in

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00063 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18646 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 staffing and management resources in Urban Development by more than one- nies, and various other special interest advance of restructuring the Depart- fifth, and is yet another clear reflec- giveaways. Meanwhile, they are slash- ment’s programs and reducing its tion of the misguided priorities that ing programs that provide assistance workload are, at best, unwise when have driven the budget process this to the most vulnerable Americans, es- HUD employees are attempting to year. pecially those in our cities. manage Government commitments of Mr. President, HUD today provides In my view, Mr. President, this re- nearly $1 trillion on behalf of American housing assistance to over 4 million verse Robin Hood approach is incon- taxpayers. households, including working fami- sistent with true American values. I Mr. President, with respect to fund- lies, seniors, and people with disabil- am sympathetic to calls for a balanced ing for the Department of Veterans Af- ities. Yet this only makes a dent in the budget, Mr. President. But the pain fairs, while I am pleased that the con- housing needs of lower income Ameri- must be shared, not targeted at our cit- ference report eliminated a provision cans. Millions of our citizens are living ies and the poor. that would have limited the service- in substandard conditions or are pay- Mr. President, the median income of connected compensation paid to cer- ing more than half of their incomes for households receiving Federal housing tain incompetent veterans who have no housing. Countless others are homeless assistance is $8,000. This happens to be dependents, I remain deeply concerned entirely. about the same amount that the Re- about the overall funding levels pro- Unfortunately, this conference report publicans want to provide in tax breaks vided in this legislation for veterans not only fails to meet these pressing to those with incomes over $350,000. programs. needs, but it is a step backward. And Although this measure provides an its proposed cuts will have a real im- What does this say about our prior- increase in funding for VA medical pact on needy Americans throughout ities, Mr. President? care above the fiscal year 1995 level, our Nation. In the 1960’s, our Government de- the $400 million increase does not come This legislation virtually eliminates clared war on poverty. In 1995, it seems close to the level necessary to provide funding for incremental housing assist- that our Government has declared war current services. Put simply, this ance, and slashes funding for homeless on poor people. would translate into a drastic cutback programs by a quarter. As a result, Mr. President, the millions of Ameri- in services provided by VA and sub- hundreds of thousands of families will cans with severe housing needs deserve stantially fewer veterans being treated. continue to languish on public housing better. And it is not enough to say that We owe a considerable debt to our Na- waiting lists. Many will be forced to we don’t have the money. If we have tion’s veterans and, in my view, the live in substandard housing or on the the money to provide huge tax breaks medical care funding in this measure streets. Meanwhile, Congress is about for millionaires, if we have the money reflects an abandonment of the Federal to pull the safety net out from under to provide $7 billion to the Pentagon Government’s commitment to them. them, with cuts in nutrition, health that our military does not even want, I also am concerned with the appro- care, education and other critical pro- if we have the money to subsidize large priation in the conference report for grams. mining and agricultural corporations, the general operating expenses [GOE] The cuts in this legislation also will how can we say that we lack the account which funds the administra- lead to the continued deterioration of money to ensure that ordinary Ameri- tion of all VA benefits other than med- our Nation’s public housing stock, by cans have a decent place to live? ical care, such as compensation, pen- cutting the modernization budget by So, Mr President, I cannot support sion, and educational assistance. The one-third. Mr. President, this stock this bill and will vote against it. I call funding level for GOE in this measure represents a $90 billion investment by on President Clinton to veto the legis- represents a reduction of more than $42 our taxpayers. To allow it to deterio- lation, and continue to stand firm until million from fiscal year 1995. This de- rate further is short-sighted. It also Congress agrees to provide adequate crease in funding will seriously impair will mean that tens-of-thousands of our funding for housing programs. VA’s ability to make progress in reduc- citizens will continue to live in sub- ing the current backlog of pending standard housing, as major repairs and Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, I want to claims and, in fact, may result in a re- renovations are canceled due to lack of express my admiration to a number of versal of the progress the VA has made funds. Senators who have struggled valiantly already in this important area. The conference report also includes a to produce a bill acceptable to the Finally, I note the discontinuation of nearly 50-percent cut in funding for se- great majority of Senators and to the the U.S. Court of Veterans Appeals pro verely distressed public housing. This administration, that appropriates bono representation program. For the will inhibit efforts to revitalize our Na- funds for the vital services provided to past several years, this program has tion’s most troubled and most dan- American citizens by the Veterans Af- fulfilled a critical need, providing rep- gerous public housing developments. fairs Department, the Department of resentation for hundreds of veterans If there is one bright spot in the con- Housing and Urban Development, the who have appealed the denial of their ference report, Mr. President, it is the Environmental Protection Agency, and benefit claims to the Court of Veterans inclusion of $290 million for the Public other agencies. Appeals, and who otherwise would have and Assisted Housing Drug Elimination The challenge this posed, in a time been without counsel. The elimination Program, which I developed several when it seems too many in both parties of this program would be a severe loss, years ago. This program has had great have as their objective scoring polit- leaving low-income veterans, the ma- success in reducing crime in housing ical points off the other party rather jority of all veterans who file appeals, developments around the Nation. And I than reaching reasonable middle to handle their cases without legal as- am encouraged that we are maintain- ground on contentious issues, proved sistance. ing our commitment to this initiative unfortunately to be an insurmountable Mr. President, it is clear that the in this legislation. challenge at least to this point. And conference report before us fails to pro- Still, Mr. President, the cuts in hous- despite the great and perhaps even her- vide adequate funding for many pro- ing proposed in this legislation are culean effort invested in this bill by grams critical to the future of our Na- deeply troubling. Not only because of the chairman of the subcommittee, the tion and the health and well-being of their impact on ordinary Americans. distinguished Senator from Missouri its citizenry. I would urge my col- But because they are being proposed as [Mr. BOND], and the ranking member, leagues to join me in opposition to this part of a Republican budget with seri- the distinguished Senator from Mary- legislation. ously misplaced priorities. land [Ms. MIKULSKI], I regret very Mr. LAUTENBERG. Mr. President, I Mr. President, the new majority in much I have concluded I have no choice rise in opposition to the conference re- the Congress is committed to providing but to oppose the bill, and urge the port accompanying the VA, HUD, and huge tax breaks for millionaires, $7 bil- President to veto it, assuming as I do independent agencies appropriations lion for the Pentagon that the generals that it will reach his desk for his ac- bill. This legislation would cut funding don’t even want, large subsidies for tion. Its shortcomings are numerous, at the Department of Housing and western ranchers and mining compa- and they are not minor.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00064 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18647 With regard to the budget for the en- The unmet housing needs of our people cient allocation from the 1996 Congres- vironmental Protection Agency, the se- are significant. Hundreds of thousands sional budget. Their mission arguably vere cuts of 22 percent from the Presi- of Americans are homeless every night. was impossible from the outset. In my dent’s request threaten public health Millions of Americans are still living judgment, it is simply imperative that and the environment. Of particular in substandard housing or paying a the overall budget negotiations provide concern are the significant cuts to the painfully heavy portion of their income a higher allocation to the VA/HUD sub- enforcement budget, the Superfund for rent. Too many young families find committee. Nonetheless, I do want to Program and the State revolving funds the barriers to homeownership insur- acknowledge the chairman’s, ranking that finance clean water and safe mountable. The goal of a decent, safe, member’s, and subcommittee’s actions drinking water remedial action. and affordable home for all Americans to help several key programs—and The conference agreement cuts the is still a valid goal for this country. there are some example of their efforts EPA’s enforcement program by 25 per- The needs of our cities—large and that deserve mention. The sub- cent—in effect allowing more polluters small—are national in scope. The dis- committee was able to find $20 million the freedom to continue to pollute our tressed neighborhoods around the for the Youthbuild Program, though I land and water without challenge. The country—like those in Lowell, Law- am extremely disappointed that this bill also slashes the Superfund budget rence, Fall River, Springfield, Boston, level represents a significant cut, by 25 percent, which would slow exist- and other Massachusetts cities and realitive to last year, in the resources ing cleanups and prevent new cleanup towns—rely on Federal community de- for this valuable and successful pro- starts. That means that at least four velopment assistance to battle the de- gram. I am pleased that the conference cities in Massachusetts will have to clines that face all of our older urban agreement preserves the funding levels live with continued exposure of thou- areas. for the HOME and CDBG Programs at sands of their citizens to dangerous We also need to be concerned that 1995 levels. And finally, the agreement chemicals. the cuts in the bill will have serious provides $624 million for the preserva- The agreement also reduces by $762 consequences by making it much more tion of low-income housing; continuing million from the President’s budget the difficult to resolve some of HUD’s man- this program is very important if we funding provided for water infrastruc- agement problems. The bill, in fact, are to prevent the loss of affordable ture improvements to States and needy may exacerbate rather than ameliorate housing and the displacement of thou- cities across the country. For the past these problems by reducing funding sands of families across Massachusetts several years—under both the Bush and levels for programs that maintain and and the entire Nation. Clinton administrations—Congress has operate public housing or prevent de- There are other deficiencies—serious appropriated at least $100 million for faults on HUD-insured multifamily deficiencies—in this bill—for example, Boston Harbor cleanup alone. However, properties. Fixing some of HUD’s pro- in provisions pertaining to veterans this bill provides just a fraction of that grams, quite frankly, will require us to programs and services, about which amount—$25 million, thus neglecting invest more resources, not less—be- others have eloquently remarked in to recognize the dire straits of commu- cause the the small percentage of pub- this debate, remarks I will not take the nities such as those of the Greater Bos- lic housing authorities that are trou- Senate’s time to replicate. The sum is ton area which are grappling with the bled will require strong intervention by a bill that is fatally flawed. enormous water rate increases which the Federal Government. It will re- Mr. President, it disturbs me that result from Federal mandates. quire large sums to rebuild the man- this has occurred on yet another bill. It In addition to inadequate funding agement capacity of these authorities, disturbs me greatly that, less than 3 levels for vital EPA efforts to ensure tear down and replace the aging stock, weeks before the end of the calendar that public’s health and safety, also of and address the housing needs of those year, and nearly 3 months after the be- grave concern to me are legislative rid- who currently live in the buildings. ginning of the current fiscal year, the ers that eviscerate existing environ- The severely distressed housing pro- Republican leadership of this Congress mental safeguards, without the benefit gram—HOPE VI—is providing funding still is engaged in the political game of of congressional hearings or any input for innovative approaches to rem- sending the President a bill he already edying distressed public housing from the general public. We as a nation has announced emphatically he must around the country—including efforts have struggled valiantly over the past and will veto on the basis of deeply- to revitalize Mission Main and Orchard quarter century to identify and elimi- held, principled conviction—before Park developments in Boston. The con- nate threats to our environment which there have been any definitive negotia- ference agreement, unfortunately, cuts directly or indirectly threaten our this program just as we are showing tions to reach real middle ground. The health, safety or well-being, and to signs of making progress. American people don’t understand begin to clean up the existing mess. I I am also concerned that the bill be- what is going on, here, Mr. President, will not willingly participate in the fore us establishes a policy that, begin- and with good reason. It defies rational thoughtless and hurried abandonment ning in 1997, we will only renew expir- explanation. of these efforts. ing section 8 contracts at fair market But, at the insistence of the intem- Mr. President, I am also voting rents. At the same time, the bill codi- perate Speaker of the House, the Presi- against this bill because it includes ex- fies a cut in fair market rents from the dent and the Congress will be required cessive cuts in our Federal housing 45th to the 40th percentile. Without to play out this charade. I thank the programs. I am concerned that cut- question, Mr. President, we need to President for his courage and stead- backs of the magnitude visited on the enact changes in the section 8 program fastness to vital principles which will Department of Housing and Urban De- that reduce rents where they are exces- be the foundation for the veto he will velopment in this bill and some of the sive and address the burgeoning long- cast. I remain very hopeful that all changes it makes in housing policy rep- term costs of the section 8 program. We parties to the budget negotiations will resent a retreat from our Nation’s goal must be careful, however, that a blan- engage in them diligently and in good to provide all Americans with decent, ket approach does not undermine the faith, that one of the outcomes will be safe, and affordable housing, and un- viability of existing affordable housing to provide a more realistic allocation dercut efforts we have been making to projects. We are responsible for what of discretionary funding to this bill, reform the agency and its programs. happens to both the public and assisted and that in the near future we will be The conference agreement contains housing inventory: the Federal Govern- debating in this chamber a reasonable significant cuts in HUD’s overall budg- ment walking away from its long- bill behind which Senators of good will et and particularly deep cuts in public standing involvement in these build- from both parties can unite and which housing programs, incremental assist- ings will have negative consequences we can send to the President for his ance, and homeless assistance. Yet, for the residents, for the buildings, and signature. HUD’s purpose has not gone away, and for the neighborhoods that surround Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, there this bill provides no roadmap to meet- them. are many aspects of this appropriations ing the pressing needs in our Nation Mr. President, I know the appropri- bill which I find deeply troubling. I am that agency was established to meet. ators struggled with a wholly insuffi- thankful we have a President who has

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00065 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18648 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 clearly said that he will veto this bill if ity to set and enforce environmental veto has played a very important and presented to him in its current form. and public health standards with a 17- constructive role in the reaching of I would like to take this opportunity percent cut—$310 million—below the compromises on innumerable proposed to focus on two areas of the bill which President’s request, and a 7-percent development plans to fill wetlands. I are of particular concern to me—the cut—$115 million—from fiscal year 1995. believe that EPA’s vet power is abso- unacceptable cuts to the Environ- Mr. President, these cuts mean that lutely essential in maintaining a bal- mental Protection Agency [EPA], and an already stretched EPA will not be anced approach to making environ- the lack of funding for the VA medical able to carry out critically important mental permit decisions. Without this center at Travis Air Force Base in work that ensures the health and safe- veto authority, we are opening the Fairfield, CA. ty of all Americans, and will result in door to very serious potential losses of ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY a setback of national efforts to ensure wetlands. The EPA is the agency responsible that every American citizen breaths We have lost approximately 53 per- for the implementation of our most clear air, drinks clean water and is safe cent of our historic wetlands in the fundamental environmental protection from the dangers of hazardous waste. continental United States—and in my laws: The Clean Air Act, the Clean These are the EPA funds that are State of California, the loss is over 90 Water Act, the Safe Drinking Water spent working with States and munici- percent. We continue to lose wetlands Act, laws that protect us from im- palities in the development of our air at the alarming rate of about 300,000 proper hazardous waste disposal, laws quality, water quality, lead abatement, acres per year, and there still seems to that protect us from exposure to radi- and food safety standards; the funds be a general lack of appreciation for ation and toxic substances, laws that that allow EPA to keep track of the the vital role that wetlands play in regulate the clean-up of hazardous levels of pollution in our air, our protecting our people’s health, sus- waste sites all over the country, laws water, our food, our environment; that taining our Nation’s natural systems that ensure that every citizen in this allow the EPA to work with States and and supporting America’s economy. Wetlands preservation is often seen country has a right to know about with industries to help them discover as incompatible with economic growth. what kinds of toxics are being released the sources of pollution problems and I believe that not only does wetlands into their environment. help them comply with Federal safety conservation make good environmental And how much does it cost us to run standards; that allow the EPA to give sense, it makes good economic sense. the EPA? In 1995 we appropriated about technical assistance to State pollution The value of wetlands in flood control, $6.6 billion for the EPA. Let me put control agencies and county air and groundwater storage, water purifi- this into context. The whole EPA budg- water quality boards; that allow the et is the same as the cost of about cation and commercial and rec- EPA to carry out environmental im- reational uses has been estimated to be three B–2 bombers. In the 1995 budget pact statements on industry actions we appropriated over 40 times this $1.4 trillion annually. that may hurt the environment; that An economic analysis of the value of amount—$241 billion—for the Depart- allow EPA to work all over this coun- ment of Defense. The fiscal year 1996 wetlands was prepared in 1993 under try to educate industry and small busi- the direction of the School of Public defense appropriations bill that re- ness and help them comply with the cently passed the Senate included $7 Policy at the University of California law so that enforcement actions are billion more than the Department of at Berkeley. Using my State of Cali- avoided. fornia as an example, the study showed Defense says it needs. We are throwing In the long run this will mean more an extra $7 billion at the Pentagon and that the total annual benefit of wet- water pollution, more smog in our cit- lands to the State ranges from a low of the same time we are taking away ies and countryside, more toxic waste vital funds that protect our health and $6 billion to almost $23 billion. Those problems. are the amounts the State would lose safety. It simply does not make sense. EPA’s budget is cut in many other The cuts made in this bill to the EPA annually if 100 percent of our wetlands areas to levels that are unacceptable. budget are unacceptable. This bill ap- were lost to filling and development. A 30 percent—$462 million—cut from propriates $5.7 billion for EPA—that is Mr. President, in 1994, over 48,000 the President’s request and a 9 per- a 14-percent cut—or nearly $1 billion Americans sought approval to fill wet- cent—$110 million—cut from fiscal year from the fiscal year 1995 level. It is a lands. The number of permit requests 1995 in funds that go straight to the 22.5-percent cut—or $1.7 billion—from has increased by 27 percent since 1990. States to help cities all over the coun- the President’s fiscal year 1996 request. If this rider goes into law, every re- Republicans seem to take great pride try build sewage treatment plants that quest will be submitted with the in their efforts to dismantle key social keep raw sewage from flowing into our knowledge that the EPA has no veto programs that Americans hold dear, coastal waters, rivers, lakes and authority. Old projects will be dusted but they have chosen to take their war streams. off and resubmitted—we will lose wet- against the environment underground. A 45 percent—$225 million—cut from lands that our Nation cannot afford to The cuts to the EPA budget show us the President’s request and a 79 per- lose—we will lose wetlands that our the covert war that is being waged by cent—$1 billion—cut from the pre-re- Nation cannot afford to lose. Republicans against our environment. scissions fiscal year 1995 level in funds TRAVIS VA MEDICAL CENTER It has to be covert because they have that go to States to protect our drink- I am deeply disappointed that the bill seen the results of poll after poll show- ing water nationwide. does not including funding to complete ing that the vast majority of Ameri- A 25 percent—$400 million—cut from construction on the proposed VA hos- cans feel that our environmental laws the President’s request and 13 per- pital at Travis Air Force Base, in Fair- should be strengthened, not stripped cent—$168 million—cut from fiscal year field, CA. away. In my many years in public of- 1995 in funds that go toward cleaning In 1991, a severe earthquake damaged fice not once has anyone told me, up hazardous waste sites. northern California’s only VA hospital ‘‘Senator, our air is too clean,’’ or ’’our But, Mr. President, I would like to in Martinez. That facility served over water is too safe.’’ close my statement with a comment 400,000 veterans, and its closure forced The back door attack on our environ- about the presence of riders in this many to drive up to 8 hours to receive mental laws seen here is cuts in EPA’s conference report—in the face of the medical care. The Bush administration budget that will cripple EPA’s ability House vote to instruct conferees to recognized the tremendous need cre- to set and enforce environmental omit riders that would limit EPA en- ated by the Martinez closure and prom- standards. forcement of existing environmental ised the community that a replacement This bill cuts enforcement of all en- protections. facility would be constructed in Fair- vironmental programs by 22 percent— This conference report includes a field, at Travis Air Force Base. The $128 million—from the President’s re- rider that strips away EPA’s veto au- conferees’ action breaks that 4-year-old quest and 14.6 percent—$77 million— thority over U.S. Corps of Engineers promise to the veterans of northern from fiscal year 1995. wetlands permits decisions. Although California. It hits at the heart of EPA adminis- the EPA has only vetoed 11 permit re- Last year, Congress appropriated $7 tration and management in EPA’s abil- quests since 1972, the power of EPA’s million to complete design and begin

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00066 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18649 construction on the Tavis-VA medical expenditures throughout the Federal Yes, the conference report will re- center. Nearly $20 million has been budget. Although savings can be found strict his political activities. But, and spent on the project to date, and more in the Department of Energy, Depart- hear this, and hear clearly, it will not than a year ago, Vice President GORE ment of Interior and EPA budgets, I restrict his ability to lead his Depart- broke ground. Construction is now un- will strongly oppose a complete gut- ment. In fact, if it causes him to stay derway. ting of the funding for important envi- right here in Washington and focus For fiscal year 1996, President Clin- ronmental programs. hard on the many heretofore ton requested the funds needed to com- Finally, included in this legislation unaddressed challenges facing the De- plete construction, $188 million. Con- is an amendment which will remove partment of Veterans Affairs, the re- gress’ refusal to fund the project seri- EPA from the process of protecting duced funding level could actually im- ously jeopardizes the prospect that the many of our Nation’s wetlands and riv- prove his stewardship over the Depart- hospital will ever be built. The out- ers under section 404 of the Clean ment. patient clinic proposed as an alter- Water Act. Last year, under this sec- The issue is not ‘‘freedom of speech.’’ native by the conferees is entirely un- tion of the Clean Water Act, EPA as- That is pure bunkum. Those who make acceptable to the veterans of northern sisted the State of Vermont in pro- that argument are not really arguing California. tecting one of our State’s most valu- that the Secretary has a right to The decision not to fund the Travis- able river ecosystems. I remain hopeful speak. They are instead arguing that VA medical center breaks faith with that during future consideration of the taxpayers have an obligation to California’s veterans, and violates funding for EPA we not further weaken pay for whatever he wants to say. That promises made by the past two Presi- EPA’s ability to protect our Nation’s is, or course, surely not the case. dential administrations. rivers and wetlands. Mr. President, this is not a perfect For the reasons I have stated above Mr. President, I am voting for this bill. No bill is. But the members of the and many others, I have no choice but legislation in order to move the process subcommittee have done a very good to oppose this conference report, and I forward. In the event that the legisla- job in protecting funding for veterans’ will urge the President to veto this tion is vetoed by the President, I would programs. bill. hope my colleagues would seriously I think it would be tragic if the Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. President, I am consider some the few concerns I have President were to use funding levels for voting for this legislation with a num- raised here. nonveteran programs as an excuse to ber of reservations. This bill provides Mr. SIMPSON. Mr. President, this veto a bill that increases veterans’ funding for important programs at the appropriation is a very good one for medical spending and fully funds their Department of Veterans Affairs [VA], veterans. It fully funds veterans’ bene- benefits. Department of Housing and Urban De- fits payments. And, unlike many of the I am sure that my friend from Mis- velopment [HUD] and the Environ- non-veteran programs funded by this souri will confirm that it will be very mental Protection Agency [EPA]. I bill, veterans’ health care funding hard to craft a bill as favorable to vet- supported this legislation when it would actually increase. erans as this one and which also in- passed the Senate in September, with Mr. President, there is one provision creases funding for other programs. the understanding that Senate nego- in this conference report which affects I commend Senators BOND and MI- tiators would maintain funding for our a small sum of dollars, but which is im- KULSKI. They work well together as Nation’s veterans, maintain adequate portant to VA and to America’s vet- managers of the bill. I thank them for levels for housing, protect funding for erans. Funding for staffing and travel their yeoman work and I do hope the the EPA and oppose the 17 anti-envi- in the office of the Secretary has been Senate will join me in support of the ronment legislative riders included in reduced. bill. the House version of this bill. Mr. President. I support that reduc- Mr. CHAFEE. Mr. President, I would After the most recent conference on tion. like to make a few remarks about H.R. this legislation between the Senate and The Secretary of Veterans Affairs 2099, the VA—HUD appropriations con- House, it is my belief that the bill has has left no tub unpounded, no stump ference report. I want to commend the emerged better than both the original without a speech, in a campaign of distinguished ranking member and the House and Senate passed versions. propaganda misrepresenting the ac- distinguished manager of the bill for Funding for veterans’ health is now tions of this Congress. I tire of that. their efforts in reaching an agreement higher than last year’s levels. EPA He has continued to talk about budg- on this measure. spending levels, originally slated for a et ‘‘cuts.’’ Even when he knows so well The conferees had to make some 33 percent cut in the House bill, have that the budget is actually being in- tough choices, and I am pleased that been increased, resulting in only a 14 creased. they listened to the American people percent reduction. A number of other He continues to talk about declines and decided to drop the controversial important programs and agencies re- in VA health care services even after environmental riders in the House- ceived a similar reduction this year. personally sitting through a hearing passed bill. I am also delighted that the Finally, almost all of the environ- where the increases were quantified conference report provides the Envi- mental legislative riders I found most and illustrated by charts. ronmental Protection Agency [EPA] objectionable have been dropped. He took a discredited advocacy with a higher level of funding than ei- Mr. President, I believe the managers ‘‘study’’ from a liberal lobby group and ther the House or Senate bills. hands were tied in this situation. The tried to give it the stature of a ‘‘gov- Although the conferees eliminated allocation for this entire account was ernment’’ report. That action was an most of the objectionable legislative reduced to such an extent that they attempt to ‘‘use’’—yes that is the riders, I am still troubled by two key were forced to make some difficult term—veterans as the point men in a provisions in the conference report. choices. The overall allocation was re- political campaign to defeat reforms First of all, the conferees have decided duced by close to 10 percent from fiscal needed to preserve the Medicare and to maintain the rider in the Senate bill year 1995. The fact that EPA received a Medicaid programs. that bars EPA from using any fiscal 14 percent cut is very unfortunate but In short, Secretary Brown has con- year 1996 funds to implement section understandable considering the overall fused the responsibilities of a Cabinet 404(c) of the Clean Water Act. reduction for this bill. I hope that the Secretary with the role of a political Since its enactment in 1972, section ongoing budget negotiations will yield lobbyist. 404 of the Clean Water Act has played more funding for environmental pro- He has assumed the zealous mission an integral role in the progress we have tection. of a political advocate without remem- made toward achieving the act’s cen- I agree that Congress must reduce bering the requirement to led and ad- tral objective, which is ‘‘to restore and Federal spending in order to gain con- minister his Department. maintain the chemical, physical, and trol of our growing budget deficit. We And, as an article in today’s Wash- biological integrity of the Nation’s wa- must reorder our spending priorities ington Post makes clear, he is wholly ters.’’ Section 404(c) authorizes EPA to and makes every effort to cut wasteful unrepentant in his course. prohibit a disposal of dredged or fill

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00067 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18650 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 material into U.S. waters, including leverage to persuade the corps to adopt an harbor bottom, including near the private wetlands, if such a disposal would have alternative for clearing shipping channels. berth of the International Paper Company, an unacceptable adverse effect on cer- Similarly, the corps alone would rule on and then dump that refuse on shore and in wetlands permits for the New World Mine in nearby shallows. tain especially important resources. Montana, a disputed project that conserva- Local E.P.A. officials, according to an The rider in the conference report tionist say would endanger the ecosystem in agency document, are concerned that the would preclude EPA from ensuring and around Yellowstone National Park, just project carries environmental risks. They against unacceptable adverse effects on two and a half miles away. fear that the sediment at the paper plant these valuable resources for a full year. The wetlands review process has its roots could be contaminated with dioxin, a toxin An article written by John Cushman in in the 1970’s, when lawmakers believed the that could be spread in the Sampit River and Tuesday’s edition of the New York corps, whose approval is needed for any con- the Upper Winyah Bay. Times is especially instructive: It struction that can affect navigable waters, Sediments at the paper company’s berth was more interested in protecting navigation have not been tested for dioxin, but several points out the many of the unknown than the environment. But today it is the years ago the paper plant’s waste water was adverse consequences this rider could E.P.A. that is out of favor on Capitol Hill, found to have among the highest dioxin lev- have for our most valuable wetlands re- where preserving wetlands is among the els of more than a hundred plants surveyed, sources. most unpopular of causes. and the state detected dioxins in sediment Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- Although the E.P.A. has vetoed wetlands and fish tissues in the nearby Sampit River sent that the article printed in the De- permits only 11 times, both sides in the dis- in 1989, leading to advisories against eating cember 12, 1995, New York Times be pute agree that the agency can greatly influ- locally caught fish. ence the scale of development projects by The agency is urging the corps to consider printed in the RECORD. merely threatening a veto. Environmental There being no objection, the mate- less damaging alternatives and better im- groups cited case after case in which projects poundments of the dredged wastes. rial was ordered to be printed in the were scaled back to meet the agency’s de- There are many other cases, like the Nash- RECORD, as follows: mands. Many of those projects were shelved ua highway, where the E.P.A.’s views pre- [From the New York Times, Dec. 12, 1995] indefinitely, raising the possibility that vailed over those of the corps and of local of- BRIEF CLAUSE IN BILL WOULD CURB U.S. some might be revived if the legislation is ficials. The E.P.A. fought that project for 10 POWER TO PROTECT WETLANDS enacted. years, but the corps and the state approved Carol M. Browner, the Administrator of it anyway. Only after the E.P.A. regional ad- (By John H. Cushman, Jr.) the E.P.A., said her agency, not the corps, ministrator, John DeVillars, warned of a WASHINGTON, Dec. 11.—Buried deep in a has both the expertise and the statutory au- veto did New Hampshire agree to a scaled- spending bill now before Congress are two thority to protect wetlands, which play a back highway. sentences that could give clear sailing to a crucial role in minimizing floods, filtering New Hampshire’s top environmental offi- highway project in New Hampshire, harbor water and providing wildlife habitat. cial said in an interview this week that he dredging in South Carolina, a mine in Mon- ‘‘The E.P.A. is the body that Congress has was pleased with the E.P.A.’s rule in the tana and many other projects around the given the authority to deal with clean water highway project and with other wetlands re- country that have been threatened by the issues,’’ she said. ‘‘The role we play is associ- views by the Federal agency. Government’s environmental objections. ated with the broader role of protecting the ‘‘My experience with the process has been The terse provision would take away one of water quality of the people of this country.’’ that the concerns that have been raised have the Environmental Protection Agency’s Despite the importance of this legislation, been reasonable concerns, that they are ask- major tools for protecting the country’s wet- there has scarcely been any testimony or ing the right questions and forcing analysis lands: the veto that the agency is allowed to comment on the House or Senate floor about of alternatives that otherwise would not be cast against permits that the Army Corps of how it would affect specific construction done,’’ said Robert Varnum, the state’s Envi- Engineers issues to developers for wetlands projects or wetlands. ronment Commissioner. He was appointed projects. Even the provision’s author, Senator twice by Republican Governors, both of The change is set forth in one obscure pas- Christopher S. Bond, a Missouri Republican, whom strongly favored the highway project sage in a vast $80 billion appropriations bill said in an interview that he had ‘‘no idea’’ that the E.P.A. blocked. paying for veterans, housing, environmental what projects might be affected. ‘‘I feel that E.P.A.’s mission is to protect and other programs in the current fiscal He said his objective was not to affect one the environment, and in this case to avoid year. The bill passed the House on Thursday project or another, but to make the Govern- unnecessary impacts to our wetlands re- and is expected to come to the Senate floor ment more efficient by consolidating power sources,’’ he said. ‘‘They take that job very shortly. President Clinton, objecting to over wetlands permits in a single agency. seriously, and have put in a great deal of many of its provisions, has said he will veto ‘‘If there is one thing that constituents in time and effort, and stuck their necks out, it. my state are fed up with, it is being told two to protect the environment, and I think that Although it is hard to predict whether the different things by two different Federal is a role they need to play. I think the gen- wetlands clause will become law, the pros- agencies,’’ Senator Bond said on the Senate eral public expects nothing else.’’ pect worries conservationists, who call the floor in September. ‘‘They expect the Fed- Mr. CHAFEE. Mr. President, to those continuing loss of wetlands a threat to water eral agencies who serve them to give them quality and wildlife. The provision would one answer and to give them the right an- who say that EPA’s 404(c) authority re- prohibit the E.P.A. from spending anything swer.’’ flects a significant waste of govern- in the current fiscal year to exercise its Administration officials and environ- ment resources, I point to the fact that power under the Clean Water Act to review mental groups say the E.P.A’S authority is the agency has used this authority and veto wetlands permits. Any vetoes that essential to the protection of wetlands, espe- only 12 times during the past 23 years. are pending would be nullified, giving the cially since many projects affecting those One of these instances occurred in Corps of Engineers the final say. areas are carried out by the corps itself. Attleboro, MA. A developer’s plan to The bill’s 73 words on wetlands have rated ‘‘The Army Corps of Engineers authorizes only the briefest mention during a raging itself to discharge millions of cubic yards of build a large shopping mall at a site Congressional debate over Federal environ- dredge or fill material into the waters of the called Sweeden’s Swamp in Attleboro mental priorities. But the effect of the provi- United States each year,’’ said John Flicker, would have destroyed 45 acres of wet- sion could be felt nationwide. president of the National Audubon Society, lands. Had EPA not stepped in to pre- Most immediately, the change may resur- in a letter urging President Clinton not to vent the permit from going forward, rect plans for a $200 million highway sweep- sign the bill. ‘‘Absent E.P.A.’s involvement the area would have lost a rich habitat ing around Nashua, N.H. Last August, the in the review of the corps’ water develop- for many birds, mammals, and amphib- state reluctantly agreed to scale back the ment projects, the corps would be in the un- ians. Mr. President, we simply cannot project when threatened with a veto by the tenable position of exercising sole regulatory E.P.A. The reduced plans spare more than 40 review of its own development projects.’’ afford to relinquish the protection of acres of wetlands and other undeveloped Senator Bond and his staff respond that critical natural resources afforded by wildlife habitat near the Merrimack River. their proposal leaves much of the E.P.A.’s 404(c). James Rivers, a spokesman for Gov. Stephen authority intact. The agency would continue I am also deeply concerned with the Merrill, said that although the state plans to to write the environmental guidelines for the conferees’ decision to provide only $12 proceed with the scaled-back project for now, corps. million for the Montreal Protocol Fa- it would consider expanding it in the future But the E.P.A’s questions about the dredg- cilitation Fund—a full 50 percent less if the Federal law is changed. ing of navigation channels proposed by the than both the administration’s request In Charleston, S.C., E.P.A. officials have corps around Georgetown Harbor near warned the corps against dredging shipping Charleston, one of the biggest commercial and the House approved figure of $24 channels near a paper plant because of pos- ports on the East Coast, show why the E.P.A. million. sible dioxin contamination. But if the new is fighting to keep its authority. The corps The Montreal Protocol, approved in law is passed, the E.P.A. would lose its legal would extensively dredge sediments from the 1987 during the Reagan administration,

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00068 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18651 addresses the damaging effect of VA medical centers with an average of Members of Congress, Governors, may- chlorofluorocarbons—of CFC’s—on the 300 beds each. ors, and businesses such as IBM, Gen- ozone layer. A statement made by When these cuts are coupled with eral Electric and American Express President Reagan on April 5, 1988, dem- slashes in Medicare and Medicaid, know the value of AmeriCorps, and of onstrates the significance of the pro- many veterans could be faced with a the Corporation for National Service. gram: triple whammy—forced out of Medicare AmeriCorps has exceeded expecta- The Montreal Protocol is a model of co- and Medicaid while VA is unable to tions about its efficiency. One study, operation. It is a product of the recognition handle a large influx of new patients as validated by the GAO, found and international consensus that ozone de- the VA health care budget shrinks in AmeriCorps produced $1.60 to $2.60 in pletion is a global problem, both in terms of real dollars. This will particularly have benefits for every invested Federal dol- its causes and effects. The protocol is the re- an impact on the soaring population of lar. And the AmeriCorps is not solely sult of an extraordinary process of scientific study, negotiations among representatives of veterans over age 65 and veterans un- dependent on Federal dollars. During the business and environmental commu- able to afford private health insurance. AmeriCorps first year it was directed nities, and international diplomacy. It is a In the process of cutting funding for by Congress to raise $32 million. It ac- monumental achievement. major medical construction projects, tually raise three times that amount— The treaty, now ratified by 150 na- vital projects for renovating VA hos- $91 million, 41 million of which came tions, represents a consensus on the pitals that do not meet community from the private sector. We should not dangers of ozone depletion and provides standards and are deteriorating are be misled by its success, however. for the eventual ban of CFC produc- scrapped. How can we treat veterans AmeriCorps cannot raise private and tion. We later agreed to amendments who made sacrifices defending this foundation funds without Federal seed to strengthen the ban in 1990, as part of country in facilities that do not meet support. the Clean Air Act, and again, in 1992, fire and other safety standards? What a AmeriCorps provides a large bang for under the terms of the Montreal Pro- travesty this is. At a time when we are education dollars while simultaneously tocol. honoring the 50th anniversary of the getting results for real needs, strength- Throughout this effort there were end of World War II and the veterans ening communities, and encouraging those who called the ozone hole and the who risked their lives defending our responsibility. Education. Public Safe- destruction of the ozone by CFC’s a freedom, the least we can do is to en- ty. Human Needs. The Environment. myth. However, several weeks ago, our sure that they receive the health care AmeriCorps is a program designed to actions were vindicated beyond ques- they are entitled to in a safe and dig- do what we in Congress talk about all tion when the three scientists who first nified setting. the time: bringing people from all alerted us to the possibility that CFC’s This report also eliminates funding backgrounds together to solve prob- were destroying the ozone layer were for the Corporation for National Serv- lems at the local level. awarded the Nobel Prize for chemistry. ice [CNS], which was established by the In Minnesota, AmeriCorps members During the debate on the VA-HUD bipartisan National Community Serv- are extremely valuable. AmeriCorps appropriations bill, I sponsored an ice and Trust Act of 1993. The Corpora- members serving within the Min- amendment, along with Senator JEF- tion for National Service administers neapolis Public School provide activi- FORDS and Senator BINGAMAN, that such programs as AmeriCorps, the Na- ties to support the education of special would have given the Administrator tional Civilian Community Corps, and needs youth. Members tutor, provide the discretion to spend more than the even former President Bush’s Points of after school education activities, and $12 million now available under the Light Foundation. President Clinton recruit volunteers for support program- conference report for the Montreal Pro- has requested $817,476 million for CNS ming. Members work to secure afford- tocol Fund. Although the amendment for fiscal year 1996. However, the report able housing for low-income families, was approved by the Senate, it was not we have before us gives the National assist domestic violence victims, and retained in conference. I must say I am Corporation $15 million for necessary coordinate projects to prevent and less- disappointed. If our goal here is to en- expenses to terminate programs, ac- en homeless. Minnesota has courage EPA to be mindful of good tivities, and initiatives under the Na- AmeriCorps members doing more dif- science, risk assessment, and manage- tional Community Service Act. ferent things than I have time to list ment of scarce resources, then I cannot In order to understand the severity of here. Older Minnesotans work as foster think of a more necessary endeavor this action, I would like to use the grandparents, serving over 80,000 chil- than their efforts to reverse the de- AmeriCorps program as an example. dren statewide. Rural members teach struction of the stratospheric ozone AmeriCorps, which is funded and run pesticide safety. People work to restore layer. by CNS, helps students pay for college our parks and trying to provide places Mr. WELLSTONE. Mr. President, I in exchange for their service to Amer- for our children to play. Of course, want to speak in opposition to the VA/ ican communities. AmeriCorps is a Minnesota is not alone in its utiliza- HUD appropriations conference report. program which needs to be preserved. tion of AmeriCorps volunteers. All of There are many reasons why I believe National Service addresses beliefs we my colleagues come from States which that the report we have before us rep- all share: getting things done, benefit from them. All of us should resents unhealthy priorities for the strengthening communities, encour- continue to support their efforts, not American public, and I am pleased that aging personal responsibility, and ex- tear them down. the President has expressed his inten- panding opportunity. Despite the ideals I am also opposed to this conference tion to veto this bill should it pass the realized by AmeriCorps, both the House report because of the devastating blow Senate. and Senate individually denied funds to it delivers to funding for the Environ- First, this report provides $400 mil- the program in their VA/HUD appro- mental Protection Agency. lion less than the President’s budget priations bills, and now the conference This conference report cuts EPA by request for the VA medical care ac- report kills the program outright. Fis- 14 percent overall from what we appro- count. This will have a serious impact cal year 1995 post/rescission funding priated last year. The conference re- on veterans’ access to quality health was $219,000 million for AmeriCorps port continues to contain a number of care. While there may be some doubt as grants. The President requested riders that aid special interests at the to the validity of VA projections of the $429,800 million for fiscal year 1996. expense of the health and safety of the precise impact of such a cut on vet- AmeriCorps has been a huge success. American people. These riders include erans health care, there is no question Members of law enforcement from po- one which would halt EPA efforts to that it would result in some combina- lice chiefs Willie Williams of Los Ange- expand one of our country’s most suc- tion of substantial reductions in the les to Carol Mehrling of Montgomery cessful Right-to-Know programs, the number of veterans treated both as County, MD, (and many departments in Toxic Release Inventory. outpatients and inpatients as the num- between, have been unwavering in their Already this fiscal year, temporary ber of VA health care personnel shrink. support for the AmeriCorps Program. continuing resolutions have resulted in The impact, according to the VA, And this is a program which Repub- a drastic cut in EPA’s funding. As a re- would be equivalent to closing three licans and Democrats alike support. sult, EPA has been forced to cancel a

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00069 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18652 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 number of inspections involving all nomically distressed communities. Un- There being no objection, the table sorts of environmental hazards. As fortunately, partisan gamesmanship was ordered to be printed in the Carol Browner said today in the Wash- and shortsighted budget cutting will RECORD, as follows: ington Post, ‘‘The environmental cop is deny organizations around the country not on the beat.’’ The lack of inspec- the opportunity to use this tool to bet- VA–HUD SUBCOMMITTEE SPENDING TOTALS— tions will only get worse under this ter their own communities. CONFERENCE REPORT conference report that cuts enforce- In a time of dwindling Federal re- [Fiscal year 1996, in millions of dollars] ment funding by 14.6 percent. sources, programs like CDFI that le- Budget These funding cuts will make it im- verage private investment and stretch authority Outlays possible for EPA to carry out work every Federal dollar, are more impor- Defense discretionary: that helps protect the health and safe- tant than ever. The Fund is a small but Outlays from prior-year BA and other actions ty of every American. This bill will very innovative program. For a modest completed ...... 78 H.R. 2099, Conference report ...... 153 92 make it more difficult, if not impos- $50 million budget, the fund could Scorekeeping adjustment ...... sible, for EPA to carry out its respon- make a significant impact in commu- Subtotal defense discretionary ...... 153 170 sibilities under the Clean Air and Clean nities struggling with unemployment Water Acts. We cannot allow this to and structural decline. Nondefense discretionary: Investments from the fund would cre- Outlays from prior-year BA and other actions happen and I don’t believe the Amer- completed ...... 45,550 ican people want it to happen. At least, ate new jobs, promote small business, H.R. 2099, conference report ...... 61,113 28,603 no Minnesotan has ever approached me restore neighborhoods, and generate Scorekeeping adjustment ...... to ask for dirtier air and water, and tax revenues in towns desperate for Subtotal nondefense discretionary ...... 61,113 74,264 that is exactly what slashing EPA’s community development. It is esti- mated that every $1 of fund resources Mandatory: budget this way will yield. Outlays from prior-year BA and other actions There are other reasons to oppose would leverage $10 in non-Federal re- completed ...... 133 sources. H.R. 2099, conference report ...... 19,362 17,213 this conference report. While I support Adjustment to conform mandatory programs Equally important, is the fact that with Budget: the President’s commitment to stream- ¥ line HUD’s programs and I understand these dollars are controlled at the local Resolution assumptions ...... 224 341 the importance of cutting funding for level by financial institutions in the Subtotal mandatory ...... 19,138 17,688 community which understand area wasteful programs, I believe that the Adjusted bill total ...... 80,404 92,121 housing cuts in the VA-HUD con- needs and resources. Local control stimulates local investment as well. ference report have gone too far. Senate Subcommittee 602(b) allocation: Area banks and local private donors Subtotal defense discretionary ...... 153 170 Cuts to the section 8 program mean Nondefense discretionary ...... 61,533 74,270 that homeless families or individuals are more willing to contribute to eco- Violent crime reduction trust fund ...... will be without the assistance they nomic development when they can see Mandatory ...... 19,138 17,688 need to move to either transitional or the results in their own communities. Total allocation ...... 80,824 92,128 The CDFI fund has caught the inter- permanent housing. est of many community development Adjusted bill total compared to Senate Sub- Cuts to public housing modernization organizations across the Nation. Al- committee 602(b) allocation: will mean that fewer housing units will Defense discretionary ...... 0 ¥0 ready, over 1,500 groups have requested Nondefense discretionary ...... ¥420 ¥6 receive necessary repairs and mainte- information about the fund, and infor- Violent crime reduction trust fund ...... nance. This maintenance is essential to Mandatory ...... mational seminars that have been held ensure the quality of life of public Total allocation ...... ¥420 ¥7 or are planned are expected to attract housing residents and its neighbors. over 600 potential applicants. This bill Note.—Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Totals adjusted for This bill also cuts funding for the consistency with current scorekeeping conventions. leaves those organizations out in the Homeless Assistance Grant Program, cold. Mr. ROCKEFELLER. Mr. President, Indian housing development, and the Slashing investment in jobs and in- as the ranking member of the Com- Housing Counseling Grant Program. frastructure is no way to balance the mittee on Veterans’ Affairs, I wish to All of these housing cuts will dis- budget. I urge my colleagues to join me comment on title I of the conference proportionately harm low-income per- in voting against this bill. report on H.R. 2099, the fiscal year 1996 sons, the elderly, native Americans, Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, I rise VA–HUD appropriation bill. and persons with AIDS. This funding is in strong support of the conference Mr. President, I realize that this has a safety net and cuts in housing pro- agreement on H.R. 2099, the VA–HUD been a very difficult year for funding grams will mean only one thing—more appropriations bill for 1996. actions. I also know that, when com- people will be living on the streets. I This bill provides new budget author- pared to other agencies covered by this think we are making a mistake if we ity of $80.4 billion and new outlays of bill, VA is treated relatively well. Hav- pass this package. $46.2 billion to finance operations of ing said that, I have to say that this Given all these reasons—the irre- the Departments of Veterans Affairs appropriation conference report is bad sponsible cuts to veterans programs, and Housing and Urban Development, news for VA which, in turn, means bad the decimation of the Corporation for the Environmental Protection Agency, news for America’s veterans, their de- National Service, the damage done to NASA, and other independent agencies. pendents, and their survivors. environmental programs, and the at- I congratulate the chairman and The medical care appropriation is tack on housing programs for the ranking member for producing a bill $16.56 billion. This is better than the working poor, I will oppose the VA- that is within the subcommittee’s level passed by the Senate, but nearly HUD Conference Report, and I urge my 602(b) allocation. When outlays from $400 million below the amount proposed colleagues to do the same. prior-year BA and other adjustments by the President. That amount is what COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL are taken into account, the bill totals VA needs to support the current level INSTITUTIONS FUND $80.4 billion in BA and $92.1 billion in of health care services. Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I rise outlays. The total bill is under the At the funding level in the con- today to express my deep disappoint- Senate subcommittee’s 602(b) non- ference report, VA will be forced to cut ment that funding for the Community defense allocation by $420 million for back on the level of services carried Development Financial Institutions budget authority and by $7 million for out in fiscal year 1995. In human terms, [CDFI] fund has been eliminated in the outlays. The subcommittee is also at nearly 90,000 eligible veterans will be VA–HUD appropriations bill for fiscal its defense allocation for BA and is denied inpatient and outpatient care year 1996. under its outlay allocation by less than this year. The equivalent of three VA The CDFI fund is an economic devel- $500,000. hospitals will have to be shut down, opment initiative that was adopted Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- and 5,000 VA health care professionals with overwhelming bipartisan support sent to have printed in the RECORD a will lose their jobs. several years ago. The program is a table displaying the Budget Committee Mr. President, I ask my colleagues to key priority for President Clinton, and scoring of the conference agreement on focus on these repercussions. Too often an important investment tool for eco- H.R. 2099. we become numb when we just hear

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00070 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18653 such numbers and we lose sight of the to continue to reduce the terrible back- intend to monitor closely the effects of human element in what we are doing. log of claims in the Veterans Benefits the limited funding on VA’s ability to These are real people that will be af- Administration. Unfortunately, the meet the needs of our Nation’s vet- fected—veterans who answered our level of GOE funding in the conference erans. I will not hesitate to seek addi- country’s call in her times of need, who report, $843 million, will almost cer- tional funding for various VA activities now need real health care. They will be tainly mean that not only will VA fail as the need arises in the coming year. turned away from care or will be made to improve, the recent trend will be re- We have tough choices to make as we to wait an inordinate period of time to versed and the backlog will grow. seek to balance the budget. Veterans receive the care they need—the care I readily acknowledge that there are must be accorded special attention and they deserve—the care they have many problems that cannot be cor- protection in that effort. earned. rected by a simple infusion of funding. Mr. President, in closing, I express In my State there are four VA med- It is also true that VA’s claims backlog my deepest gratitude to my esteemed ical centers. Each plays an important is the result of far more than a simple colleague, Senator MIKULSKI, the rank- role in its community. Each furnishes lack of resources. However, it cannot ing Democrat on the Senate VA–HUD vital care to veterans in the geographic be denied that the backlog problem can Subcommittee, for her continued ef- region served. Funding cuts at the only worsen when there is insufficient forts with respect to veterans’ pro- level contained in the conference re- funding to allow VA to meet the de- grams. I truly appreciate the extraor- port will lead to cuts in that service, mand for services. The funding for GOE dinary spirit of cooperation between and to a denial of service to my con- in the conference report is clearly in- us, during the appropriations process stituents who are veterans—some with sufficient, and I deeply regret that re- and throughout the year. Consistently disabilities from their service, others sult. over the years, Senator MIKULSKI has who managed to complete their service I am very disappointed that the con- shown strong, unwavering support for without injury, but who are now unable ference report includes onerous restric- veterans’ programs. Although she was to afford health care. Such a result is tions on overall funding and travel not as successful as I know she wished wrongheaded. I deeply regret that we funding for the Office of the Secretary. to be this year, her advocacy never are about to accept and approve it. I fear that this is little more than a wavered. She is a true friend and cham- I also find it disturbing that we are petty assault on the person of the cur- pion of veterans. cutting VA below current services at rent secretary, Secretary Brown, and Mr. LEAHY. I find a number of iro- the very time that cutbacks are being does not represent any reasoned policy nies this week as we consider the con- proposed in Medicare and Medicaid. decision. I think such an action in the ference report on the appropriations There is every reason to suspect that, context of an appropriations bill is un- bill for veterans programs. as individuals are pushed out of those worthy of the Congress, and I deeply As I speak, American troops are programs by the changes being con- regret that conferees felt compelled to being deployed in Bosnia. They rep- templated, veterans who have relied on stoop to such a level. resent us in seeking to help secure the either Medicare or Medicaid will turn The conference report includes fund- peace and put an end to the atrocities to VA for needed care. ing for some construction projects that have for too long plagued the peo- VA health care is at a crossroads, and which have not been authorized by the ple of that region. They serve to defend many innovative and dynamic changes two Veterans’ Affairs Committees. our national interest and to protect are happening within the system. It is These include clinics at two sites— our liberties in a troubled part of the possible—indeed likely—that some of Brevard County, Florida, and Fairfield, world. the changes about to be enacted will California—where the Administration Every Senator who came to this floor yield some significant efficiencies in proposed to build medical centers, but during our marathon session yesterday how VA furnishes health care in the the Appropriations Committees refused debating the deployment of our troops years to come. I am deeply concerned, to fund them. pledged support for them. That support however, that these cuts in the funding While the two medical centers were should not end when they return out of needed by VA to furnish care in the authorized, the freestanding clinics are harms’ way. They deserve our con- coming fiscal year will actually under- not, and, pursuant to section 8104 of tinuing support and appreciation, just cut efforts that could allow VA to func- title 38, United States Code, VA cannot as the veterans of World War II, the tion more effectively in the future. spend funds for these unauthorized Korean war, the Vietnam war, and This is the worst time to be making projects. I am not clear what the inten- those who have been deployed on our blind cuts in VA funding, with no ap- tion of the conferees is on this issue, behalf in conflicts and missions around preciation of how such cuts can affect but I am confident that, without spe- the world deserve our respect and sup- VA’s future. cific action by the Veterans’ Affairs port. The troops being deployed in Bos- I have heard the suggestion that, Committees to authorize these nia will be tomorrow’s veterans. since the number of veterans is declin- projects, VA will not be able to spend I am also struck by the fact that we ing, these cutbacks in VA health care the funds appropriated in this bill. are only now proceeding with our work are justified. While it is true that the I also note that, during a markup in on the funding for veterans’ programs. overall veterans population is coming the Veterans’ Affairs Committee ear- Although we are now in December, well down—it is now just over 26 million— lier this year, I offered an amendment past all statutory deadlines for appro- demand for VA care continues to in- which would have authorized all of the priations bills, two months’ past the crease, a phenomenon that is easy to construction projects proposed in the beginning of the fiscal year, and fast understand when one realizes that, as President’s budget, but my amendment approaching the expiration of our sec- the veterans population continues to was defeated. ond continuing resolution, we are still age, the demand for health care serv- I would be remiss if I failed to note without an appropriations bill for vet- ices actually is on the rise. As our vet- one positive item in the conference re- erans’ programs. erans age, we should not be allowing port, namely, the absence of a provi- I must note that when we considered the promises a grateful Nation made to sion passed by both Houses which that bill initially in the Senate, Sen- be undone in our headlong rush to bal- would have limited compensation bene- ator ROCKEFELLER offered an amend- ance the budget. fits to certain veterans disabled by ment, which I cosponsored, to restore I am also deeply concerned about the mental illness. I fought very hard to more than $500 million that had been cuts in the level of general operating have that provision dropped during cut from the Veteran Administration’s expenses which fund the administra- Senate debate, and I am truly de- medical care account. The Senate re- tion of the nonmedical activities of lighted that my goal was achieved in jected our effort. We tried, unsuccess- VA. While the Senate-passed level of the conference. fully, to protect exempt service-con- $880 million was over $35 million below As I noted at the outset, this is not a nected veterans benefits from further the President’s request, it was signifi- good bill for veterans. I am deeply con- cuts to balance the budget. We wanted cantly above the House-passed level cerned about its ramifications as we to preserve and protect the benefits we and promised some opportunity for VA move forward in this fiscal year, and I provide our veterans, who were there

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00071 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18654 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 when this Nation asked for their serv- this one, because it contains several public health. It would cripple enforce- ice. programs that could be described as ment of environmental laws. The one We could not get support from critical by virtue of the respect and criticism that we hear constantly: Oh, enough of our Senate colleagues. If my support that these programs have. that bureaucracy, they are all over us. colleagues are truly interested in our When you talk about the Veterans Ad- They are all over business and they are veterans, let them join us in our efforts ministration you talk environmental all over citizens and they are all over to increase funding for veterans med- protection, you talk about housing— communities. ical research. Let us provide the qual- these are very, very important pro- The fact of the matter is that envi- ity physicians needed in the veterans grams; FEMA, the disaster relief agen- ronmental laws have worked surpris- health care system. Let us fund the cy, and NASA. So, there is a lot of re- ingly well for us. In a period of roughly work that is so desperately needed in view. There is a lot of support for each 20 years, from 1973–1974 until now, in- digestive diseases, prosthetics, lung one of the programs and the advocates stead of 40 percent of our streams and cancer, diabetes and geriatrics. Last fight hard for the programs that strike tributaries being fishable and swim- year, the President answered our call them as being the most important. mable, we have gone up to 60 percent. when, in response to a letter from me But it just does not do the job. It is And even in places like the Hudson cosigned by 41 of my Senate colleagues, not the fault of the chairman or the River, which separates New York from he increased his request for funds for ranking member. They have done their New Jersey, we have begun to see some veterans medical research to $257 mil- best in a very tough situation, but they salmon coming back. We see some lion. just do not have enough funding to do striped bass coming up the river. I do Join us by restoring the two new Vet- these important tasks. They also had not know whether they are ready for eran Administration hospitals that are to contend with demands from the eating, but they are there, and the pop- so needed in California and Florida, but House of Representatives which con- ulations are growing because the water that are eliminated in this conference tinues to insist on deep cuts in envi- is cleaner. report. Join us by melting the ‘‘freeze’’ ronmental programs and housing and Given half a chance, nature fights on veterans programs that the Repub- other high-priority programs. back, and very vigorously. But it does lican budget would enact and that In the end, with regret, I am going to not take a lot of neglect for nature to would result in the closing of 35 vet- strongly oppose this conference report. return to a decrepit condition. So, if erans hospitals nationwide. It would cut funding at EPA by more you do not have enforcement to make We all want to be patriotic and show than 20 percent. It is an area that I sure that compliance is honest, then respect for our veterans. Let us remem- have done a lot of work in. Before the the laws that are on the books as we all ber the words of Abraham Lincoln that last election I was chairman of the know here are worthless. are chiseled on a plaque at the Vet- Superfund committee, working on the The long-term budget plan would de- erans Administration building just a environment, and I worked very hard stroy EPA’s ability to protect our envi- few blocks from the Capitol: ‘‘To care on issues of clean air and clean water ronment and public health. It would se- for him who shall have borne the battle and various other environmental pro- verely set back the progress I just indi- and for his widow, and his orphan.’’ Let grams. The final bill reflects what, in cated we have made in recent decades, us use our votes when they really my view, are skewed, grossly skewed to protect and preserve our natural re- count on behalf of our veterans by re- priorities. sources. storing their benefits and protecting The majority has repeatedly argued The bill before us cuts EPA’s enforce- their medical services. that the balanced budget in some ac- ment function so deeply that it will The final irony is that this is the counts, like Medicare and Medicaid, give polluters a holiday from com- week that we debated and voted upon a are not actually being cut. What is plying with the law. We have seen sto- proposed constitutional amendment being cut, they say, is the rate of in- ries in the newspapers about EPA’s in- that would have restricted the Bill of crease. In the case of EPA, these are ability to conduct the surveys that Rights for the first time in our history. real cuts that are being proposed, real they have to, to see whether people are That effort failed and I detailed the decreases, real attempts to turn back complying with the rules, or with the reasons for my vote in a prior state- the clock on environmental protection. laws. We have seen situations where ment. For all those who voted in favor This legislation would slash the budget Superfund programs, Superfund clean- of the constitutional amendment on of the Environmental Protection Agen- ups are going to stop dead in their flag desecration and said that they did cy by 21 percent. One-fifth of its budget tracks. Enforcement programs are tar- so in order to respond to the wishes of just taken away. To me, it is very sim- geted for a cut of 27 percent. our veterans, I hope that they will ple. The effects are dirtier air, dirtier Mr. President, EPA is the environ- show the respect and support that our water, fewer toxic waste sites being mental cop on the beat, and we would veterans deserve by raising their voices cleaned up. not cut law enforcement by a quarter, and using their votes on behalf of our I view the quality of our environment thank goodness. We would not cut FBI veterans by restoring their benefits as a critical legacy for the generations by a quarter, thank goodness. But this and protecting their medical services. that follow us: For my children, my bill will cut the resources provided to Mr. LAUTENBERG addressed the grandchildren. If there is one thing I stop environmental crimes by 27 per- Chair. can do for them that will leave them a cent. The question raised is how many The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- better America it is to help clear up children’s health will be jeopardized as ator from New Jersey. the environment, to permit them to a result of those pollution laws not Mr. LAUTENBERG. Mr. President, I breathe the air that we take for grant- being enforced? understand, by previous order, that I ed and not be worried about con- Mr. President, some Members of the have 10 minutes available? tracting some respiratory condition; or other body seem to believe that EPA’s The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- drink the water and not jeopardize enforcement office does nothing more ator is correct. their health. To be able to fish in the than sue innocent landowners. But if Mr. LAUTENBERG. Mr. President, I streams and be able to swim in the these cuts are enacted, those Members doubt I will use all the time but I do ocean without debris floating all over are going to come in for a rude surprise want to take some minutes to discuss the place. That is the way I see our en- because EPA’s enforcement office per- the VA/HUD conference report and vironmental requirements. So, these forms many functions that are impor- some of the problems that I have with are deep cuts that hurt. tant—not only for environmental pro- this bill. And I also point out this legislation tection, but for the efficient operation The Senator from Missouri, Senator is just the tip of the iceberg. The Re- of many businesses. Beyond inves- BOND, the chairman, and the distin- publican long-term budget plan would tigating allegations of violations in guished ranking member from Mary- have a devastating impact on environ- carrying out inspections, enforcement land, Senator MIKULSKI, deserve com- mental protection over the next sev- funding is used to approve permits for mendation for their hard work on this eral years. It would destroy EPA’s abil- companies to take particular actions legislation. It is a complicated bill, ity to protect our environment and the and that cut in enforcement funding is

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00072 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18655 going to cause severe dislocations in dent requested. The administration’s I ask for the yeas and nays. the private sector as they wait and request for funding of safe drinking The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a wait for permits to take up a new prod- water initiatives will be cut by $225 sufficient second? uct or a new location. million. There is a sufficient second. When companies change the way This bill also will make devastating The yeas and nays were ordered. they produce products, their pollution cuts in programs that protect our citi- Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I think the emissions often change as well. And, if zens from the hazards of abandoned Senator from Texas has been waiting so, they have to obtain a permit from toxic waste. It would reduce funds for to be recognized. She has 10 minutes EPA. hazardous waste cleanups by 20 per- under her control. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. President, what is going to hap- cent. pen when EPA’s enforcement staff is No new Superfund project starts ator from Texas is recognized. Mrs. HUTCHISON. Thank you, Mr. cut by 27 percent? We can easily tell would be allowed. Under this bill, toxic President. I do not intend to take 10 what is going to happen. There are waste sites will be fenced and forgot- minutes. I just wanted to respond to going to be major delays in issuing per- ten. some of the things that were said by Cleanups are complete or underway mits. That is going to have a negative the distinguished Senator from Arkan- at nearly 800 sites across this country, impact on many companies’ balance sas who has not supported the space and the rate of site remediation has in- sheets. station, and who raised a question creased significantly over the last 3 Mr. President, if this kind of cut is about the Russian participation using years. This bill will halt this progress enacted, it can almost be guaranteed some of the Mir hardware. that next year Senators will come to in its tracks, threatening the health of I think it is very important that we the floor and blame this problem on an communities and increasing long-term look at the importance of space re- inefficient EPA. But EPA is not going cleanup costs. And surely this is not search and the space station, and look to be the culprit. The culprit will be what the public wants. at the contribution that it has made to the Congress and the resource that it Mr. President, when the House of our economy. supplied for these functions. Representatives initially approved this The Senator said that out of $94 bil- To get some feel for what a 27-per- bill, it included 18 provisions designed lion, $90 billion is going to be put for- cent cut will mean in terms of weak- to reverse or gut existing environ- ward by America. In fact, the costs we ened environmental enforcement, con- mental law. The House has voted three are talking about are the development sider what happened at EPA since the times on these riders, ultimately re- costs. That is what we are in now. The recently enacted continuing resolution versing itself and removing these rid- development costs are right at $30 bil- reduced funding temporarily by a com- ers. It did so in the wake of a public lion of which $9 billion is being contrib- parable amount. No new criminal in- outcry over the hijacking of this bill uted by Europe, Japan, and Canada. vestigations were started, and some of by special interests intent on weak- Our Russian partners are contributing the ongoing investigations into crimi- ening antipollution laws. hardware for the Mir that works into nal activity were delayed because the Yet, like the genie out of the bottle, the space station. staff from EPA could not travel to some riders live on. They are back. It is certainly true that they are these locations. There are eight of them in this bill, one looking at other proposals which, of EPA stopped a major investigation that attempts to limit the reach of the course, we all want to look at to see if into the fraudulent sale of adulterated community right-to-know law. An- they are going to save money, and if it gasoline in Texas, and will be forced to other reverses the language of the is going to be in everyone’s best inter- halt all mobile source inspections and Clean Water Act to remove EPA’s au- est to do it. I think that is what NASA investigations. thority to protect wetlands. This wet- is certainly going to do, and it is the EPA canceled all inspections of lab- lands amendment was the subject of a right thing for them to do. But I think oratories designed to ensure the integ- New York Times front page story on it is important that we look at what rity of health effects data. Tuesday. the space station has contributed for There is just no getting around the Mr. President, our country has made our country. fact that cutting the enforcement enormous progress since the environ- First, it has been cut 35 percent from budget will have serious negative im- mental movement was ignited by Earth its original target budget. That has pacts. It will mean more pollution. It Day in 1970. saved the taxpayers of America $40 bil- will mean responsible companies that It is with considerable regret that I lion. They are working in an efficient comply with the laws will be at a com- urge my colleagues to reject this con- way to do this space research that is so petitive disadvantage with their less ference report, and if it is sent to the important for our future technology, honorable competitors. It will mean a President and he vetoes it, as he said and our future jobs in a way that the less healthy environment for our chil- he would, I hope that we can muster taxpayers can afford. dren. enough votes to sustain his veto. In fact, aerospace is the single The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- I yield the floor. strongest export sector of the United ator’s time has expired. Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I ask unan- States economy. In 1993, exports topped Mr. LAUTENBERG. I ask the man- imous consent that the vote on the $40 billion. When we look at exactly ager whether there are a couple more adoption of the conference report occur what the space station is going to do, minutes available. at 6:45 p.m. there are certain things that can only Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, how The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there be done in microgravity conditions. much time do I have remaining? objection? You cannot duplicate microgravity The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. PRYOR. Mr. President, reserving conditions on Earth. You must be in ator controls 8 additional minutes. the right to object—I will not object— space. Ms. MIKULSKI. I yield an additional but if we reach the point, if I may ask Senator MIKULSKI and I have been 3 minutes. this question of the distinguished man- working on women’s health issues, and Mr. LAUTENBERG. That is very ager through the Chair, where all time it is women’s health issues that will kind. I appreciate it. I will try to wrap is not being requested, is it possible to get the greatest gain from the micro- up quicker than that because I also even vote before the 6:45 period? gravity research. They are going to be want to point out that this legislation Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I think the able to look into osteoporosis, bone will force State and local governments setting of a time certain was necessary mass loss, which particularly attacks to bear extra burdens. The States will to accommodate Members who had women. And breast cancer cells are lose money that they badly need to other commitments. While it may not able to be duplicated and grown in the protect the environment, and to com- be efficient, I think it may be easier to microgravity conditions. They find ply with Federal requirements. Grants schedule other activities than to have that is the very best way they are able to clean up municipal sewage and in- to go on at this time of the evening. to study breast cancer cells. dustrial waste water emissions will be That is why I would suggest we stay So I think we are looking at tremen- over $665 million less than the Presi- with the 6:45 time. dous contributions to women’s health

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00073 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18656 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 care by the use of the microgravity Mr. President, I do not wish to pro- would mean that our people would have conditions that can only be done in long this debate, but I feel that it to write or call or go to Reno, NV, or space and not on Earth. You cannot du- should be pointed out that the appro- Phoenix, AZ, when trying to seek help plicate microgravity on Earth no mat- priation for the National Aeronautics on their pensions or their benefits. ter what you do. So this is a unique ca- and Space Administration [NASA] rep- That is like asking the people of Maine pability that is very important for our resents a $352 million reduction from to go down to Dallas, TX. future. the level provided in fiscal year 1995. I think sometimes people forget the This is the largest cooperative This is an overall cut of 2.5 percent. vast distances we deal with in my science program in history. We have 13 The conference agreement, however, State. The bill does not require the nations now participating in this provides the full amount of the budget elimination of VA offices in Alaska. I science project. I think that is the request to continue development of the do hope to get more details on this wave of the future. If we are going to space station: $2.1 billion. plan, and I hope the Senate will join us go into the big science technology and Despite the overall reduction in the in opposing moving functions from research, we should have other coun- NASA budget, and full funding of the Alaska to what we call the lower 48 tries able to contribute, not only be- space station, the committee was able States, thousands of miles away from cause it saves our taxpayer dollars, but to restore funding for a number of im- our veterans. these are things that should be shared portant space science programs, fully I want to congratulate my two with other countries so that we can get fund the space shuttle program, main- friends, who managed this bill for, once the most benefit from this kind of re- tain the X–33 next generation launch again, including money for the rural search. vehicle development, and continue the water and sewer programs in Alaska. So I think it is very important, as we Earth Observing System Program to This is a program to eliminate the close this debate, to say that space re- study global climate change. honey buckets in the villages of our search produces $2 for every $1 in- In addition, the conference agree- State. There are 132 villages that lack vested—$2 into our economy. That ment removed the fence on space sta- modern facilities. We want to bring means 40,000 direct and indirect jobs tion obligations which assures that water and sewage facilities to them. that come from this. But most of all, there will be no funding disruptions This bill will help EPA continue to par- Mr. President, it is a commitment to during developmental activities during ticipate in that. the future. It is a commitment that the balance of this fiscal year. The We have a provision in this bill that was made by President Kennedy be- space station program is on track, on also prohibits the EPA from requiring cause he could see that there was so budget, and on time. Fabrication of the city of Fairbanks to use MTBE, the much more technology and science large components of actual flight substance that goes into gasoline, to available if we had the vehicle to go equipment have been completed. Each meet clean air targets under the Clean into space and collect it. In fact, he week more equipment is being pro- Air Act for the period of this bill. would never even have dreamed of the duced, and is undergoing final engi- It also includes $2 million to initiate successes that we have had because he neering testing in preparation for a new program to clean up leaking was willing to take that chance and launch and deployment beginning in above-ground bulk-fuel storage tanks put America in the forefront and lead- November 1997. in rural Alaska. Most of those tanks, ership of technological research. No one should be confused on this Mr. President, cannot be buried be- We cannot step back from that. It point: We can and will proceed with de- cause of the permafrost, and people in would not be in our best interest to do velopment, and operation of this inter- the area do need a new system. We so. It would not allow us to stay at the national space station. Through careful have to devise a new plan. This bill will forefront of creating jobs and creating management, intense budgetary re- start that plan. new industries and new products that view, and hard-nosed priority setting, I thank my friend and again con- will keep our economy thriving and we will do it without impairing other gratulate the two managers of this bill. able to bring in people who are going to vital science missions of NASA and It is a good bill, and I hope the Presi- be growing into the job market. other Federal agencies. And we will dent will sign it. I thank my friend, So I am very pleased to support this succeed in this bold initiative, despite Senator BOND. project. I am pleased to support this our commitment and efforts to bring Mr. BOND addressed the Chair. conference report. I have worked with the Federal budget into balance. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Senator BOND and Senator MIKULSKI to This conference agreement is a clear ator from Missouri. try to make sure that the space station and unequivocal demonstration that Mr. BOND. Mr. President, in wrap- does have what it needs to do the job each of these important goals can and ping up discussions on this measure, I that it must do. I am very impressed will be accomplished. Despite all the just have to say, for my colleagues, I with the problems they had. Having VA naysayers and doubters, the inter- will be submitting for the RECORD the and HUD and space, NASA research national space station program is suc- information on how this bill does meet and all of the independent agencies and ceeding, and shows that the United our environmental needs. making the difficult choices was some- States is committed to maintaining its As I predicted when I spoke earlier thing to behold, and they did an excel- leadership in space. today, there has been a lot of vocal pol- lent job. I am pleased to yield the Senator lution about what this bill does. The This is probably going to be a close from Alaska 2 minutes. Vice President and the Administrator vote. I cannot imagine that they could Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I want of the EPA had a big news conference, have divided up a bill any more fairly to thank Chairman BOND and the rank- and they cited these outlandish figures than they did on this one. ing member of the committee, Senator of a 27-percent cut in enforcement of So I commend them for their hard MIKULSKI, for their support on this bill. environmental programs. Mr. Presi- work. It was hard to get a consensus on I come to the floor because a member dent, that is 20 percent off of the pie- these difficult issues. They did a ter- of the Alaska State Senate has told me in-the-sky budget that the President rific job, and I am pleased to support there is a rumor in Alaska that this proposed when he was asking for a $300 them. bill is cutting the VA very severely and billion deficit. Thank you, Mr. President. I yield the is going to cause reductions in the VA This is the biggest spending binge floor. offices in Alaska. that the President could conceive of. Mr. BOND addressed the Chair. I want to reassure him and other vet- And when we cut back to reach a bal- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. erans that that is not the case. The ance, which the President now says he BENNETT). The Senator from Missouri. truth is, as I understand this bill, it in- is willing to join us in reaching, there Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I express creases VA funding, it does not cut it. is no way that you can increase fund- my sincere thanks to the Senator from This is disturbing news that the VA is ing for everything as he wished. Let me Texas. She has been a very articulate, contemplating a major reorganization make clear that the final amount in very forceful spokesperson for space which would eliminate pension and this bill for EPA is $5.7 billion, a reduc- exploration. benefits personnel in Alaska. That tion of just about 4 percent from the

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00074 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18657 fiscal year 1995 postrescission funding we do not support duplicative, wasteful the President’s full budget request. level, just about $235 million. The re- spending and micromanaging States’ There were no dollars spent on this ductions which came about came from environmental efforts. program last year because it was not two areas: Superfund, a program mired Despite the fact that the House had authorized. Not a penny of the funds in litigation, and bureaucracy, which reduced EPA by one-third in its origi- appropriated last year has been spent. must be fixed. There is money to start nal VA–HUD bill, in conference we We have stipulated in the bill that the cleanups where human health is in- were able to find an additional $49 mil- amount remaining from last year’s ap- volved, and we directed them to do lion above the Senate-passed bill which propriation, $225 million, in addition to that. had $770 million more than the House new funds totaling $275 million, go to Sewer treatment construction ear- for EPA. drinking water State revolving funds if marks were reduced. That was the pork The final amount for EPA is $5.7 bil- there is an authorization by June 1. in last year’s bill. This committee has lion, a reduction of just $235 million or And if not, those funds would be pro- followed the nonpartisan National 4 percent below the fiscal year 1995 vided for wastewater State revolving Academy of Public Administration’s post-rescission funding level. funds. We’ve provided an insurance pol- directions to move more responsibility The largest reductions below last icy that if no authorization occurs, the to the States, and 40 percent of the ap- year come from two key areas—Super- States will still be able to spend these propriation, $2.3 billion, goes directly fund—a program mired in litigation funds on water infrastructure to ensure to the States for grants to meet envi- and bureaucracy which must be fixed, the health of our Nation’s water bod- ronmental mandates. and sewer treatment construction ear- ies. marks, which were reduced by $500 mil- The press release and the Senator In the previous two appropriations lion below last year’s level. from New Jersey say that this threat- for drinking water State revolving ens the safety of water quality because The committee’s recommendation closely parallels recommendations funds, those funds were not available it cuts by 45 percent State loan funds. unless a drinking water bill was en- That is just simply wrong, as were made to this committee by the Na- tional Academy of Public Administra- acted. most of the other statements made tion, and are intended to streamline Finally, let me mention the so-called about this bill. the agency, eliminate duplication, en- riders. The conference agreement in- It provides $500 million for drinking cludes only six legislative riders for water State revolving funds. Not a sure a flexible approach to working with industry, and full support to the pertaining EPA, most of which are penny of the funds appropriated last completely noncontroversial and sev- year were spent. We stipulated that the States. More than 40 percent of the appro- eral of which were included in previous remaining funds, $225 million from last priation—$2.3 billion—goes directly to VA–HUD bills authored by Democrats. year, in addition to the new funds, to- the States for grants to meet environ- In fact, the Senator from New Jersey taling $275 million go to the drinking mental mandates. This is an increase was a supporter, I am told, of one of water State revolving funds. If the fund of approximately $300 million over last the so-called rider pertaining to radon is not authorized, the money will be year. in drinking water in previous years. used for waste water revolving funds. The largest programmatic reduction I think it is time we start talking This is an insurance policy that the in the bill is from Superfund—a reduc- straight and fairly about what this bill money appropriated will be utilized to tion of $170 million below fiscal year does and does not do to the environ- ensure the health of our Nation’s water 1995. There is no need to throw money ment. I urge those on the other side of bodies. at a program which virtually everyone the aisle once again to quit the There are tremendous misstatements agrees does not work. However, despite grandstanding and factual inaccura- about this measure. I will correct those serious concerns about the program, we cies. in the material I submit for the found $160 million in conference above I yield the floor. RECORD. I point out that if this bill is the House and Senate-passed spending Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, I have vetoed, as some on the other side wish, levels for this program. This amount nothing to add to all that has been it will be an 11.5 percent cut below this ensures that all projects in the pipeline said. My opening statement summa- bill under the continuing resolution. receive funding and that risks to rized everything. I yield back such Environment will be much worse off if human health and the environment time that I might have. Our side of the this bill is vetoed. For that reason, I will be addressed. aisle is ready to vote. would urge my colleagues, all of my Mr. President, compared to the cur- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The hour colleagues on this side, to support the rent continuing resolution, this con- of 6:45 having arrived, the Senate will bill. ference agreement provides a 11.5-per- proceed to vote on agreeing to the con- I hope that we can work together and cent increase. So I cannot understand ference report accompanying H.R. 2099. have the support of some of our col- why the President wants to veto this The yeas and nays having been ordered. leagues on the other side because, if ad- bill. I imagine a full year CR would be The clerk will call the roll. ditional funds are made available even tighter than the current one. Un- The bill clerk called the roll. above our current 602(b) allocation, fortunately, the White House has indi- Mr. LOTT. I announce that the Sen- they may be added by a continuing res- cated an unwillingness to negotiate a ator from Texas [Mr. GRAMM] is nec- olution which I hope would be agree- reasonable compromise on the VA– essarily absent. able on both sides of the aisle. HUD bill. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there Mr. President, I express my greatest I made reference in this morning’s any other Senators in the Chamber de- thanks to my ranking member, the dis- floor statement about the press con- siring to vote? tinguished former chair of this com- ference the Vice President and Ms. The result was announced—yeas 54, mittee, for her invaluable assistance. Browner would be holding later in the nays 44, as follows: She and I wish that we had had more day. I have just received the press re- [Rollcall Vote No. 606 Leg.] money available. But she has been ex- lease from EPA and I am very troubled YEAS—54 tremely helpful and very capable and a by the factual inaccuracies contained great asset in moving this process for- in it. Let me provide one example of Abraham Dole Jeffords Ashcroft Domenici Johnston ward. how this administration is misrepre- Bennett Faircloth Kassebaum Mr. President, I have spoken once senting what this budget does. Bond Frist Kempthorne today on how well we have treated The press release says the Republican Burns Gorton Kerrey EPA in this year’s appropriation, de- Byrd Grams Kyl budget threatens the safety of water Campbell Grassley Lott spite overall budget reductions, and I quality because it cuts by 45 percent Chafee Gregg Lugar will not repeat my entire statement. State loan funds that would help com- Coats Hatch Mack But I will say once again that the con- munities protect their drinking water. Cochran Hatfield McCain Coverdell Heflin McConnell ference agreement makes clear that Mr. President, this just is not true. Craig Helms Moynihan Republicans support protecting and This bill provides $500 million for D’Amato Hutchison Murkowski cleaning up the environment—but that drinking water State revolving funds— DeWine Inhofe Nickles

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00075 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18658 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 Pressler Smith Thomas Mr. BOND. Mr. President, there resolutions in order to permit the Sen- Santorum Snowe Thompson Shelby Specter Thurmond seems to be no further comments from ate to finish its consideration of this Simpson Stevens Warner my ranking member. important matter prior to the formal NAYS—44 f signing of the Dayton Agreement in Paris early this morning. Akaka Exon Lieberman MORNING BUSINESS Baucus Feingold Mikulski However, I wanted to take this op- Biden Feinstein Moseley-Braun Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I ask unan- portunity to express my thoughts on Bingaman Ford Murray imous consent there be a period for the what transpired yesterday. Boxer Glenn Nunn transaction of routine morning busi- Yesterday, Mr. President, the Senate Bradley Graham Pell ness with Senators permitted to speak Breaux Harkin went on record as to whether this insti- Pryor for up to 5 minutes each. Brown Hollings Reid tution supports the President’s deci- Bryan Inouye The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Robb sion to participate in the Bosnian Bumpers Kennedy Rockefeller objection, it is so ordered. peace initiative. In fact, I believe that Cohen Kerry Roth Conrad Kohl f we went on record on matters much Daschle Lautenberg Sarbanes broader and more significant than Simon BOSNIA Dodd Leahy that. We went on record as to whether Dorgan Levin Wellstone Mr. BAUCUS. Mr. President, last we in the United States Senate support night I voted in support of the Bosnia NOT VOTING—1 peace in Bosnia or war? Whether we resolution offered by our distinguished Gramm support the continuation of American majority leader, Senator DOLE. and leadership in the world or the abdica- So, the conference report was agreed President Clinton for putting their tion of that leadership? Whether we to. principles above politics. We have a Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I move to support a post-cold-war international great national tradition of bipartisan- reconsider the vote. order that is governed by the rule of Mr. D’AMATO. I move to lay that ship in foreign policy. The world must know that, when it comes to America’s law or the force of arms? motion on the table. To some, this may seem a rather sim- role in the world, we stand together— The motion to lay on the table was plistic summary of what the debate Republicans, Democrats, and independ- agreed to. over the last several days was all ents alike—as Americans. In that re- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under about. But, I would say to my col- gard, Senator DOLE and President Clin- the previous order, the Senate concurs leagues, when you boil it all down, that in the House amendment to Senate ton have served us very well. While I have deep concerns about this is what we were really talking about. amendment No. 63. The war that has raged in Bosnia for The Senator from Missouri. country’s Bosnia policy, I also believe it is our moral and patriotic duty to nearly 4 years has been one of unspeak- Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I want to able atrocities; of torture, internment, thank those Members who supported us stand by our troops already on the ground in Bosnia. These brave men and rape, execution, of ethnic cleansing and in this very difficult measure. I have genocide. More than a quarter of a mil- already mentioned the absolutely vital women deserve a strong showing of support for their work and their mis- lion people have lost their lives. Mil- assistance and support of the distin- lions more have been made refugees— guished ranking member, the Senator sion. And that is exactly what an over- many within the borders of their own from Maryland, Senator MIKULSKI. She whelming and bipartisan majority of country. Once stable multiethnic has been most helpful. the Senate gave them last night. We I would say also that I am most ap- owed them nothing less. towns and villages have become flam- preciative of her staff, Rusty Mathews Yet I remain deeply concerned about ing infernos as opposing Moslem, Serb, and Steve Crane, who have been of the wording of Senator DOLE’s resolu- and Bosnian forces have sought re- great assistance to us in this measure. tion and our mission in the former venge against one other. On my side, Stephen Kohashi, who is Yugoslavia. First and foremost, our Regardless of one’s views on the var- the lead clerk, Carrie Apostolou. We troops are being sent to Bosnia as ious resolutions we will vote on, I had the help of Steve Isakowitz on peacekeepers. They are there to en- know that our shared hopes and pray- NASA matters, and of course force the terms of the peace agreement ers are that the Dayton peace accord— Lashawnda Leftwich has worked with negotiated in Dayton, OH. And I firmly brokered by the United States, and us. This was not a bill. This seemed to believe—for their own safety and the agreed to by all the warring factions— be more like a multiyear protect. success of this mission—they must re- will once and for all bring to a close I express my sincere thanks to all of main neutral. They must not be per- this bloody chapter of Bosnia’s history. the people, the staff, who worked so ceived as taking sides in the regional I believe that the Dayton peace hard on it. I express particular thanks and ethnic conflict that has torn the agreement contains the essential in- to the people in the administration, former Yugoslavia apart. gredients to facilitate the writing of a particularly Dan Golden, James Lee Unfortunately, I fear the resolution new, hopefully brighter chapter for the Witt, and Henry Cisneros, who worked we voted on last night sends a message people of Bosnia. very cooperatively with us to help im- that our troops will not be neutral; These elements include: Bosnia pre- plement the very difficult decisions we that they will be called upon to help served as a single State, within its had to make. train and rearm the Bosnian Moslems; present internationally recognized bor- As I mentioned earlier, there has that they will be engaged in enterprise ders; the country subdivided into two been a tremendous amount of misin- of nation building that failed so badly juridical entities—the Federation of formation and disinformation put out in Somalia. And if that happens—if our Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Repub- about this bill. I will be preparing a troops are anything more than neutral lic of Srpska; an agreed cease-fire line, full explanation of some of the peacekeepers—this mission is destined the separation of opposing forces on ei- misstatements that were issued in the to failure. We must not let that hap- ther side of this line, and the establish- news conference held earlier today. It pen. ment of a demilitarization zone; the is regrettable that we cannot have an In closing, I urge the President and creation of a 60,000-person peace imple- honest debate, using figures that are our military leaders to do everything mentation force, under NATO com- actual figures from last year and ac- possible to assure the safety, neu- mand, to monitor and enforce the mili- tual figures in this bill, but that, un- trality, and success of our troops and tary aspects of the agreement; inter- fortunately, does not seem to be the their mission in Bosnia. And I urge ev- nationally supervised democratic elec- rule. eryone to say a prayer that they make tions for President and Parliament to Mr. President, I believe there is a re- it home soon. be conducted within a year; freedom of maining amendment which we need to f movement of all Bosnian citizens; inde- dispose of? pendent monitoring of human rights of The PRESIDING OFFICER. There is BOSNIA all Bosnians; the establishment of an no further amendment. It has been Mr. DODD. Mr. President, yesterday internationally trained civilian police adopted. I did not speak on the pending Bosnia force; and a commitment by all parties

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00076 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18659 to cooperate with the activities of the credible job of making the case for the United States Marines occupied Haiti War Crimes Tribunal. difficult decision he has made. On No- for 19 years and did not bring democ- Clearly the implementation of the vember 27, President Clinton went di- racy to Haiti, the present military oc- military aspects of this agreement are rectly to the American people to ex- cupation has not transformed Aristide critical to the success or failure of the plain why he is prepared to participate into a leader who believes in and prac- other elements of the peace plan. And, in the quest for peace in Bosnia. tices democratic ideals. U.S. participation in the implementa- During that address he put the mat- Mr. President, whatever Aristide and tion force is pivotal in that regard. ter very succinctly: his cronies are committed to, it cer- But, it is important to keep in mind In Bosnia, a terrible war has challenged tainly isn’t democracy. Their primary that while U.S. participation is essen- our interests and troubled our souls. Our in- interest is U.S. dollars. tial, we will not be alone in the effort terests are plain. The cause is right. Our Aristide has flatly refused to imple- to implement the agreement—more mission will be clear, limited and achievable. ment free market reforms, and has than 25 countries have pledged to par- The people of Bosnia, our NATO allies and warned that the first person who ticipate as well and will provide two- people around the world are looking to ‘‘dares sell the state’s possessions on America for leadership. Let us lead. That is behalf of privatization’’ will be ‘‘ar- thirds of the 60,000-person imple- our responsibility as Americans. menting force. rested immediately.’’ In fact, Aristide’s While the Dayton Agreement has I agree with the President that the hostility toward free market economic been well crafted, it is by no means 100- rest of the world looks to the United reform resulted in a political crisis percent guaranteed to be successful— States for leadership. We cannot and which led to the resignation of his no agreement of this kind falls into should not answer every call for U.S. Prime Minister in October and the sus- that category. However, every effort assistance. It is up to us, of course, to pension of all World Bank programs. has been made to minimize the chance decide whether it is in our national in- In June’s legislative elections, fraud of failure. Each and every American terest to assume a leadership role in was rampant, and several opposition soldier who goes to Bosnia will be well any particular situation. In the case of candidates were threatened and intimi- trained and well armed to face any Bosnia, the situation is clear—United dated. Poll workers were largely un- eventuality. The leaders of Bosnia, States leadership is essential. trained, voting secrecy was rare, bal- Croatia, and Serbia have also pledged I commend this body for taking the lots were burned or dumped, and tally to ensure the safety and security of the action that it did yesterday, in voting sheets were widely doctored. Even with 6,000 international troops implementing force. in support of the Dole/McCain resolu- However, Mr. President, I think it tion. We did what was critical—we sent and a new U.S.-trained police force in place, dozens of politically motivated would be unrealistic to promise the a clear signal to the world that we are murders have occurred since the Clin- American people that there will be no united as a nation in our resolve to ton administration restored Aristide to casualties incurred during Operation support peace in Bosnia, and that we power last October. In March, a woman Joint Endeavor. That is a promise that stand full square behind the men and was gunned down in retaliation for is not, unfortunately, totally within women of our Armed Forces as they commence their mission of peace in the criticizing President Aristide. our power to fulfill. Another Port-au-Prince murder is re- Ultimately the success or failure of coming days. mindful of the Old Testament account the Bosnian peace agreement will de- With that affirmative vote we did not of King Abel who coveted the property pend upon the willingness of the gov- simply give peace a chance in Bosnia. We did far more. We reaffirmed our po- of his subject, Naboth. When Naboth ernments of Bosnia, Croatia, and Ser- refused to sell, King Abel had him bia to live up to their commitments to sition as a world leader and strength- ened the rule of law in the post-cold- poisoned and took the property. each other and to the international History is repeating itself in Haiti. war era. I am proud of what the Senate community. Without question, U.S. in- Michel Gonzalez and his American wife accomplished last night. volvement will heighten the prospects were Aristide’s neighbors in the Port- for compliance by all parties and lessen f au-Prince suburbs. When Aristide the possibility that the Balkans will HAITI—A MULTI-BILLION-DOLLAR wanted to add on to his villa, several once again become engulfed in war. On FOREIGN POLICY FAILURE neighbors accepted his offer to buy the other hand, if the United States their property. However, despite sev- stands on the sidelines at this crucial Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, U.S. pol- eral offers from Aristide, Mr. Gonzalez moment, the renewal of armed conflict icy regarding Haiti is another example declined to sell his home. So, on May is all but assured. of throwing good money after bad. In 22, as Mr. Gonzalez entered his drive- Many of my colleagues have men- order to keep a sinking foreign policy way with his teenage daughter, he was tioned in the course of this debate that ship afloat, the Clinton administration gunned down. Sources in Haiti assert public opinion polls suggest that the has handed over, in less than a year that soon after the assassination, the American people do not currently sup- and a half, more than $2 billion of the wall dividing the properties was port the deployment of United States American taxpayers’ money in prop- knocked down. Aristide got his way. troops to Bosnia. To them I would say, ping up the regime of President Jean- On November 11, President Aristide there is nothing novel about that. The Bertrand Aristide. incited mobs to violence at a funeral of public was initially quite negative This enormous sum of money has a political crony and relative. His about U.S. participation in the Persian gone to a tiny, corrupt country rep- bloodthirsty syncophants responded Gulf war and only when Operation resenting less than 1 percent of this immediately, and across Haiti, build- Desert Storm was up and running did hemisphere’s population. ings were burned, houses were ran- the public mood shift. Within the past month, I have re- sacked, and dozens were murdered. Yet It is no secret that the American peo- ceived new requests from the adminis- violence has not abated. Recently, the ple have always cared more about what tration to send additional millions of bodies of seven men and women were happens at home than abroad and have dollars to Haiti. found in a dump near Port-au-Prince, sometimes been slow to appreciate the President Clinton’s enormous spend- gagged and shot in the head. ramifications of international events ing spree in Haiti has not produced the Mr. President, not one person has on their own domestic security and stability, security, and democracy been prosecuted and sentenced for any prosperity. It is the responsibility of promised by the Clinton administra- of at least 22 politically motivated the President and other political lead- tion. I possess no crystal ball but it murders committed between January ers to explain to our citizens why a was apparent to me then, and still is, and October of this year. In fact, I am particular course of action is ulti- that politically motivated assassina- unaware of any serious investigation mately in the interest of this country. tions and increased mob violence would into these assassinations, much less President Clinton has endeavored to result if Aristide were reinstated as into the more recent murders last explain the various United States in- President to be propped up by Amer- month. terests at stake in the Bosnian peace ican soldiers. But, just as was the case When asked by a Creole newspaper process. I believe he has done a very early in the 20th century when the about killings sparked by his speech,

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00077 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18660 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 Aristide said that ‘‘If Jesus was so NOVEMBER 15, 1995. R.W. van de Velde Ridge of government to act in the interest of angry when he entered the temple that Road, RR 2 Cornwall Middlebury, Vermont the people. There is a growing lack of he took up a whip, turned over the ta- 05753 confidence in our public schools—one TO THE EDITOR: It is unfortunate, but for- bles and talked harshly to the hypo- eign policy is paid attention to by other na- of the great unifying forces in our crites, all the more reason for us to do tions only when it has economic or military country. Americans are less engaged in so who are Jesus’ servants.’’ For this clout. It would be a nicer world if some other fewer communal activities than we man to compare himself to Jesus is dis- reason, such as logic or kindness, had similar once were. We are much more apt to gustingly blasphemous. clout, but in a world of humans rather than stay at home to rent a video, commu- Aristide opposes every principle for of angels, that is very rarely the case. nicate on the faceless Internet, or So when the President of the United States which our country stands. For the channel-surf on cable TV, than we are says the military must be used, he is backing to attend a PTA meeting, march in a United States to spend over $2 billion up policy with muscle. Sometimes the mere in taxpayer dollars to prop up this man threat of that kind of muscle is enough. The parade—or even join a bowling league, is unconscionable. situation in the Balkans surely has gone be- as one Harvard professor’s study re- Mr. President, Aristide threatened to yond that possibility. vealed. It is against this background that send a flood of refugees to the United It is also a fact of life that a leader, or a nation that will not lead is bound to lose his today we consider the constitutional States if additional millions of the or its ability to lead. amendment to prohibit desecration of American citizens’ dollars are denied It is another truth that whether we like it the U.S. flag. The argument for pro- him. And the Clinton administration or not, the world looks on the United States tecting the flag is a weighty one: The has capitulated to this blackmail. But for leadership. We are the richest and strong- U.S. flag is a unique symbol of our na- this Senator, for one, cannot stomach est in the world in peace as well as war. We tionhood. When our troops go to battle using U.S. tax money to sponsor a ty- are a peaceful people, but we maintain a well to fight for our Nation, they march rant who has demonstrated no concern trained and well equipped military force; and it is all volunteer. There is no draft—no un- under the banner of the flag; each day for justice or democracy. fairness—everyone in the military service of when our children go to school, they If the December 17 elections proceed, this Nation is a person who chose that serv- pledge allegiance to the flag; when a Aristide’s hand-picked successor, Rene ice presumably with his/her eyes open and national leader or world dignitary dies, Preval, will almost certainly win, inas- mindful that there might someday be some the flag is flown at half mast; when one much as 10 of the 12 largest political dangers, some risks, to life and limb. How we, a nation, got the notion that military of our athletes wins a gold medal at parties are boycotting the election. the Olympic Games, the flag of the Aristide declares that he and Preval force can be exerted without risk, I don’t un- derstand. United States is raised; when a soldier are twins—an allusion to their ideolog- Let us not be ‘‘skeptical’’ or fearful of or police officer dies, his or her coffin ical similarity. It is, to be sure, an in- using our military strength when we can’t do is draped with the flag; when immi- dication of what a Preval president will otherwise. Anyone who says ‘‘let Europeans grants are naturalized, they salute to be. clean up their own mess’’ simply does not the flag. The deteriorating situation in Haiti understand the condition of Europe or the In this diverse Nation, respect for the is clear: Unless Aristide and his suc- Balkans. Both need American leadership and strength, and so do we if we are to continue flag is a common bond that brings us cessor fulfill their promises to the Hai- as the ideal of what a big nation should be. together as a nation. Our common rev- tian people, to the United States Gov- R.W. VAN DE VELDE erence for the flag is part of what ernment, and to the international com- Colonel, U.S. Army (Ret.). makes us citizens of a country, not just munity, neither United States troops f individuals that happen to live in the nor additional billions of United States same geographic area. taxpayers’ dollars can ever bring de- NOTE There is also no denying that when mocracy to Haiti. (In the RECORD of December 12, 1995, the flag is burned, desecrated, de- beginning on page S18387, an improper spoiled, or trampled upon, the potency f version of the statement by Senator of the flag as a symbol is denigrated. COHEN was reflected. The permanent When the flag is burned, whether by BOSNIA RECORD will be changed to reflect the Iranian fundamentalists during the following correct statement.) hostage crisis or by American Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I have Mr. COHEN. Mr. President, I have la- protestors here at home, we are rightly spoken several times on the Senate mented on a number of occasions the outraged because these acts represent a floor about the situation in Bosnia. erosion of civility in our public dis- direct affront to our Nation. By toler- Just last night, the Senate voted in course. This is a trend that has had a ating flag desecration, we are support of our troops. negative impact on our politics and on condoning actions that undermine the Time and again, I have listened to the relationship between the govern- fabric of our national life. Senators cite the amount of phone ment and the citizenry. The heightened Critics of the flag amendment have calls and letters they have received level of rhetoric, the slash-and-burn reminded us that because flags owned from their constituents both for and tactics, and the accusations of bad by the Government are still protected against sending American ground faith, have made it more difficult for under current law, this amendment troops to Bosnia. politicians to communicate with each will only restrict what individuals can I, too, have heard from a number of other and to communicate with those do with flags that they own personally. Vermonters about this issue. Over the we represent. It has made it more dif- But the flag is not a mere piece of past several weeks, opponents of Presi- ficult for reasonable people to reach property like a car or television, it is dent Clinton’s Bosnia policy have out- agreement and far too easy for unrea- more than the fabric and dye and numbered supporters by a 3 to 1 mar- sonable voices to dominate the debate. stitching that make it up. The design gin. The breakdown in the tone of our dis- of the American flag and the values it course is symptomatic of a wider prob- represents belong to all of us; in a I think it is appropriate, however, lem which many have described as a sense, it is community property. We that on the day the Bosnian peace deterioration of civil society. Our civil the people maintain part ownership of agreement is signed in Paris, I share society is the collection of public and that flag and should be able to control with the Senate a letter I received private institutions, and accepted how our property may be treated. from my friend, Colonel R.W. van de moral principles, that bind us together This is not a very radical principle. Velde USA (Ret.). as a community of citizens. Civil soci- Federal law already controls what we I ask unanimous consent to insert his ety is what makes us a nation of com- can or cannot do with our own money. letter in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD munity, rather than merely a group Anyone that mutilates, cuts, defaces, after my statement and yield the floor. with common voting rights. disfigures, or perforates a dollar bill There being no objection, the mate- There is abundant evidence that our can be fined or put in jail for 6 months. rial was ordered to be printed in the civil society is fraying around the Similarly, in O’Brien versus United RECORD, as follows: edges. People lack faith in the capacity States the Supreme Court upheld the

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00078 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18661 conviction of a protestor that burned prohibits us from ever making sub- proved, not weakened, by the protec- his draft card on the ground that the stantive value judgments about what is tion of our unique symbol of nation- Government had a substantial interest good speech and what is not or that we hood. in protecting a document necessary for must always remain indifferent or neu- I agree with Justice Stevens’ opinion the efficient functioning of the selec- tral with respect to the ideas and im- in Texas versus Johnson. He said: tive service system. Why is our inter- ages that bombard us over the airwaves The value of the flag as a symbol cannot be est in protecting currency or Govern- or through the media. For when free- measured. Even so, I have no doubt that the ment documents any stronger than dom is defined by the absence of all re- interest in preserving that value for the fu- protecting our greatest national sym- straint, then liberty descends to li- ture is both significant and legitimate. bol? cense and license yields to disorder and Similarly, in my considered judgment, Opponents of the flag amendment dysfunction. As someone once ob- sanctioning the public desecration of the served, a river without its banks is not flag will tarnish its value, both those who also maintain that it trivializes the cherish the ideas for which it waves and for Bill of Rights by carving out an excep- a river, but a flood. those who desire to don the robes of mar- tion to the first amendment. This argu- Senator DOLE touched on this theme tyrdom by burning it. That tarnish is not ment is based on the classic libertarian in a speech he gave earlier this year justified by the trivial burden on free expres- belief that truth can only emerge from criticizing the violent movies being sion occasioned by requiring an available, al- complete freedom of expression and produced in Hollywood these days. It ternative mode of expression, including that the Government cannot be trusted isn’t inconsistent with the first amend- words critical of the flag, be employed. to distinguish between acceptable and ment to speak out against movies that So I support this resolution to send unacceptable forms of action or speech. contain dozens of shootings, or grue- the flag protection amendment to the This first amendment absolutism, some acts of violence that are then States for ratification. And I urge my however, is contrary to our constitu- copied in real life only days after the colleagues to support it as well. tional tradition. The list of types of initial screening. It isn’t an act of Gov- f speech that may be regulated or ernment censorship for politicians to banned by the Government according criticize music containing lyrics that MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE to our Supreme Court precedents is denigrate women, glorify cop-killers as ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED lengthy: libel, obscenity, fighting role models, and promote racial divi- At 4:03 p.m., a message from the words, child pornography, deceptive ad- siveness. House of Representatives, delivered by vertising, inciteful speech, speech that Likewise, it is not Government cen- Mr. Hays, one of its reading clerks, an- breaches personal privacy, speech that sorship when the people amend the nounced that the Speaker has signed undermines national security, nude Constitution to prohibit one narrow, the following enrolled bills: repulsive form of expression. The proc- dancing, speech by public employees, H.R. 325. An act to amend the Clean Air infringements of copyright, and speech ess of amending the Constitution does Act to provide for an optional provision for on public property, to name a few. not consist of a dictatorial tyrant or the reduction of work-related vehicle trips And consider how narrow the flag imperial monarch exercising its power and miles traveled in ozone nonattainment amendment’s restriction of speech over enslaved subjects; rather it is the areas designated as severe, and for other pur- really is and how little it limits our act of free people exercising their sov- poses. ability to protest against the Govern- ereign power to impose rules upon H.R. 1240. An act to combat crime by en- themselves. By enacting this amend- hancing the penalties for certain sexual ment. Even if the amendment is en- crimes against children. acted one could still write or say any- ment through the process set forth in The enrolled bills were signed subse- thing about the Government; one could article V of the Constitution, ‘‘We the quently by the President pro tempore still burn a copy of the Constitution or people’’ will be determining that the (Mr. THURMOND). effigies of political leaders; indeed, one message being expressed by those who could put a picture of a flag being burn the flag is not worthy of legal f protection. The amendment represents burned on the Internet and circulate it MEASURE PLACED ON THE a subjective, value-laden judgment by to millions of people across the world CALENDAR with the push of a button. ‘‘the people’’ that our interest in pre- Recall the words the protestors venting the damage that flag desecra- The following measure was read a chanted while Gregory Lee Johnson set tion inflicts upon our national char- second time and placed on the cal- a flag on fire and gave rise to this en- acter outweighs the meager contribu- endar: tire controversy: tion that flag burning makes to the ad- S. 1472. A bill to provide for one additional Federal judge for the middle district of Lou- Reagan and Mondale, which will it be? Ei- vancement of knowledge and under- standing of ideas. The Supreme Court isiana and one less Federal judge for the ther one means World War III. Ronald eastern district of Louisiana. Reagan, killer of the hour, perfect example balances interests in this manner in al- of U.S. power. America, the red, white, and most every constitutional case it de- f blue, we spit on you, you stand for plunder, cides. Why is it that we have no qualms EXECUTIVE AND OTHER you will go under. about deferring to the value-judgments COMMUNICATIONS So regardless of whether we have a made by unelected jurists but we be- flag amendment, there are a multitude come squeamish when making such The following communications were of ways to heap contempt on the Gov- judgments through our most solemn laid before the Senate, together with ernment, should one choose to do so. act of self-government—amending the accompanying papers, reports, and doc- The effect of the amendment on free Constitution? uments, which were referred as indi- expression would be negligible. I do not believe this flag amendment cated: But if the impact of the restriction is sets a bad precedent by carving out an EC–1698. A communication from the Direc- so minimal, why do we need to raise exception to the first amendment or tor of Selective Service, transmitting, pursu- this issue to such a level of impor- that ‘‘the people’’ will act irresponsibly ant to law, a report relative to the Inspector General Act; to the Committee on Govern- tance? The answer is because the flag by amending the Constitution in a fre- mental Affairs. remains the most powerful symbol ca- quent or cavalier fashion. For one EC–1699. A communication from the Ad- pable of unifying a diverse, disparate thing, the Constitution, in its wisdom, ministrator of the U.S. Agency for Inter- nation. It is a centrifugal, galvanizing makes that too difficult to do. Also, I national Development, transmitting, pursu- force in our lives—and it will remain so trust the people. They understand the ant to law, the report under the Inspector only as long as it is not trashed, de- value of liberty. I am confident that it General Act for the April 1 through Sep- spoiled, or debauched by those who in- will be the rare occasion that the peo- tember 30, 1995; to the Committee on Govern- sist that one is free to indulge in any ple make an exception to our general mental Affairs. EC–1700. A communication from the Chair- act to give expression to his or her tolerance for free expression by tar- man of the U.S. International Trade Com- thoughts. geting a form of expressive activity for mission, transmitting, pursuant to law, the I also want to take issue with the special treatment. And I am confident report under the Inspector General Act for contention that our liberal tradition that our national character will be im- the period April 1 through September 30,

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00079 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18662 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 1995; to the Committee on Governmental Af- S. 650. A bill to increase the amount of S. 1479. A bill to amend the Surface Mining fairs. credit available to fuel local, regional, and Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 to im- EC–1701. A communication from the Chair- national economic growth by reducing the prove control of acid mine drainage, and for man of the Board of Directors of the Panama regulatory burden imposed upon financial in- other purposes; to the Committee on Energy Canal Commission, transmitting, pursuant stitutions, and for other purposes (Rept. No. and Natural Resources. to law, the report under the Inspector Gen- 104–185). By Mrs. BOXER (for herself and Mr. eral Act for the period April 1 through Sep- By Mr. WARNER, from the Committee on HARKIN): tember 30, 1995; to the Committee on Govern- Rules and Administration, without amend- S. 1480. A bill to provide for the com- mental Affairs. ment: parable treatment of Federal employees and EC–1702. A communication from the Chair- H.R. 2527. A bill to amend the Federal Elec- Members of Congress and the President dur- man of the Federal Housing Finance Board, tion Campaign Act of 1971 to improve the ing a period in which there is a Federal Gov- transmitting, pursuant to law, the Inspector electoral process by permitting electronic ernment shutdown; to the Committee on General’s report for the six-month period filing and preservation of Federal Election Governmental Affairs. ending September 30, 1995; to the Committee Commission reports, and for other purposes. f on Governmental Affairs. H.J. Res. 69. A joint resolution providing EC–1703. A communication from the Chair- for the reappointment of Homer Alfred Neal STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED man of the Federal Trade Commission, as a citizen regent of the Board of Regents of BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS transmitting, pursuant to law, the report the Smithsonian Institution. under the Inspector General Act for the pe- By Mr. GRAMS: H.J. Res. 110. A joint resolution providing riod April 1 through September 30, 1995; to for the appointment of Howard H. Baker, Jr. S. 1478. A bill to facilitate the ability the Committee on Governmental Affairs. as a citizen regent of the Board of Regents of of a private consortium to site, design, EC–1704. A communication from the Ad- license, construct, operate, and decom- ministrator of the General Services Adminis- the Smithsonian Institution. tration, transmitting, a draft of proposed H.J. Res. 111. A joint resolution providing mission a private facility for the in- legislation to amend the Federal Property for the appointment of Anne D’Harnoncourt terim storage of commercial spent nu- and Administrative Act of 1949, as amended, as a citizen regent of the Board of Regents of clear fuel, subject to licensing by the (40 U.S.C. 484(j)) to authorize the Adminis- the Smithsonian Institution. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, to au- trator of General Services to transfer title H.J. Res. 112. A joint resolution providing thorize the Secretary of Energy to con- for the appointment of Louis Gerstner as a surplus personal property the State agencies tract with the consortium for storage for surplus property for donation to eligible citizen regent of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. services, and for other purposes; to the donees without Federal restrictions; to the Committee on Energy and Natural Re- on Governmental Affairs. By Mr. WARNER, from the Committee on EC–1705. A communication from the Direc- Rules and Administration, with an amend- sources. tor of the Office of Personnel Management, ment and with a preamble: THE PRIVATE INTERIM STORAGE FACILITY transmitting, pursuant to law, the semi- S. Con. Res. 34. A concurrent resolution to AUTHORIZING ACT OF 1995 annual report of the Inspector General and authorize the printing of ‘‘Vice Presidents of ∑ Mr. GRAMS. Mr. President, on the the United States, 1789-1993’’. the Management Response for the period heels of today’s Senate Energy and April 1 through September 30, 1995; to the f Natural Resources Committee hearing Committee on Governmental Affairs. EC–1706. A communication from the Chair- EXECUTIVE REPORTS OF on legislation to amend the Nuclear man of the Consumer Product Safety Com- COMMITTEES Waste Policy Act, I am introducing mission, transmitting, pursuant to law, the legislation to privatize the Federal report under the Inspector General Act for The following executive reports of spent fuel interim storage program. It the period April 1 through September 30, committees were submitted: is my understanding that the House 1995; to the Committee on Governmental Af- By Mr. ROTH, from the Committee on Fi- plans to act on similar legislation be- fairs. nance: fore the Christmas recess. Today’s EC–1707. A communication from the Direc- Joshua Gotbaum, of New York, to be an hearing, coupled with the introduction tor of the Peace Corps, transmitting, pursu- Assistant Secretary of the Treasury. ant to law, the report under the Inspector Jeffrey R. Shafer, of New Jersey, to be an of my bill should provide the impetus General Act for the period April 1 through Under Secretary of the Treasury. for timely action in the full Senate. September 30, 1995; to the Committee on (The above nominations were re- When the Energy Committee held a Governmental Affairs. hearing on various nuclear waste pol- EC–1708. A communication from the Chair- ported with the recommendation that they be confirmed, subject to the nomi- icy proposals earlier this year, all of man of the National Credit Union Adminis- our witnesses agreed that the ‘‘1998’’ tration, transmitting, pursuant to law, the nees’ commitment to respond to re- date is critical in this debate. With 1996 report under the Inspector General Act for quests to appear and testify before any the period April 1 through September 30, duly constituted committee of the Sen- only a few weeks away, the deadline is 1995; to the Committee on Governmental Af- ate.) rapidly approaching and we are no clos- fairs. er to resolving this issue than the last EC–1709. A communication from the Chair- By Mr. HATCH, from the Committee on time Congress enacted nuclear waste man and General Counsel of the National the Judiciary: Merrick B. Garland, of Maryland, to be legislation [1987]. Labor Relations Board, transmitting, pursu- But it is not like we haven’t seen this ant to law, the report under the Inspector United States Circuit Judge for the District General Act for the period April 1 through of Columbia Circuit. deadline coming. For 16 years, the De- September 30, 1995; to the Committee on (The above nomination was reported partment of Energy has been charged Governmental Affairs. with the recommendation that he be with the responsibility of our civilian EC–1710. A communication from the Ad- confirmed.) spent fuel. In that time, DOE has spent ministrator of the General Services Adminis- nearly $5 billion of ratepayers’ tration, transmitting, pursuant to law, the INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND money—including over $250 million report under the Inspector General Act for JOINT RESOLUTIONS from Minnesota’s electric customers. the period April 1 through September 30, 1995; to the Committee on Governmental Af- The following bills and joint resolu- And yet here we sit, debating the issue fairs. tions were introduced, read the first of exactly what to do with America’s EC–1711. A communication from the Ad- and second time by unanimous con- civilian nuclear waste. ministrator of the Environmental Protection sent, and referred as indicated: But the Department of Energy just Agency, transmitting, pursuant to law, the By Mr. GRAMS: continues to go round in circles. First, report under the Inspector General Act for S. 1478. A bill to facilitate the ability of a they said we can store waste at Yucca the period April 1 through September 30, private consortium to site, design, license, Mountain; then they tell us we can’t 1995; to the Committee on Governmental Af- construct, operate, and decommission a pri- force it on Nevada. Then DOE says fairs. vate facility for the interim storage of com- they can’t meet the 1998 deadline—and f mercial spent nuclear fuel, subject to licens- even claim they aren’t legally bound to REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ing by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, do so; then they tell us they can, if to authorize the Secretary of Energy to con- only Congress would ‘‘untie’’ their The following reports of committees tract with the consortium for storage serv- were submitted: ices, and for other purposes; to the Com- hands. The latest was that an interim By Mr. D’AMATO, from the Committee on mittee on Energy and Natural Resources. facility couldn’t be complete for 7 Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, with By Mr. SARBANES (for himself and years at a cost of nearly $400 million; an amendment in the nature of a substitute: Ms. MIKULSKI): then their testimony says it could be

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00080 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18663 done in 4 at a third of the cost. It is By Mr. SARBANES (for himself to set aside up to 10 percent of their al- hard to tell what is truth and what is and Ms. MIKULSKI): locations under the AML fund annually fiction for the DOE anymore. It is my S. 1479. A bill to amend the Surface into a special account for addressing hope that today’s hearing will help us Mining Control and Reclamation Act of adverse environmental effects caused find out. 1977 to improve control of acid mine by abandoned mine acid drainage. For the past few months, I have met drainage, and for other purposes; to the These funds are insufficient to clean up with and carefully reviewed reports Committee on Energy and Natural Re- the acid mine drainage problems. and studies by the General Accounting sources. My bill would provide greater flexi- Office, independent groups, former DOE THE ACID MINE DRAINAGE ABATEMENT ACT OF bility for States to use existing aban- employees, and even former Energy 1995 doned mine reclamation funds for acid Secretary Watkins on this issue. I Mr. SARBANES. Mr. President, mine drainage, as well as health and found there is strong support for re- today I am introducing legislation, to- safety problems. Specifically, it would moving the civilian waste program gether with my colleague, Senator MI- increase from 10 to 30 percent, or $1 from DOE—and that support grows KULSKI, to help address a serious pollu- million, whichever is greater, the por- even stronger when we focus specifi- tion problem—acidic runoff from aban- tion of a State’s AML funds that could cally on privatizing the interim stor- doned coal mines—which continues to be set aside for addressing environ- age program. degrade the water quality of our Na- mental problems caused by acid drain- After years of working on this issue tion’s rivers and streams. My legisla- age. with Minnesota’s ratepayers, utilities tion would provide States with in- Mr. President, great progress has and State officials, I am convinced that creased flexibility to utilize their allo- been made in restoring the health of privatizing the interim storage pro- cations under the Abandoned Mine America’s rivers in the 3 decades since gram remains our last, best hope for Reclamation Fund for environmental President Lyndon Johnson vowed to getting waste out of Minnesota and the remediation activities. make the Potomac a national model other 30 plus States which are strug- Abandoned mine drainage is the un- for restoring the Nation’s waters. gling with this issue. fortunate legacy of coal mining in the Today, much of the Potomac is a haven Later today, I will be introducing the years before environmental laws were for fish and wildlife and provides tre- Private Interim Storage Facility Au- enacted requiring coal companies to re- mendous recreational and economic op- thorizing Act of 1995. My legislation claim mined land. After the coal was portunities. However, the North targets one small—but key—compo- extracted, the land was left riddled Branch of the Potomac remains in nent of the overall Federal nuclear with coal waste, known as gob piles, marked contrast to these improve- waste program. and pock-marked with holes. The min- ments. The States of Maryland and Privatizing the interim waste storage ing activity also unearthed sulfur com- West Virginia and the Interstate Com- program offers three key benefits—it pounds and metals such as aluminum, mission on the Potomac River Basin saves money, it provides relief to manganese and iron. When exposed to have been working together in a coop- States such as Minnesota that are the elements, the sulfur compounds erative effort to restore the North faced with on-site storage restrictions, produce sulfuric acid which in turn Branch’s health, thereby improving the and it protects the environment. leaches metal loads into the streams, quality of life and opening new oppor- And as with most initiatives, poisoning the water and killing fish tunities for economic development, privatizing the interim storage pro- and plant life. There are in excess of tourism and outdoor recreation. Unfor- gram would improve efficiency and 7,600 miles of streams in 11 States that tunately, the job cannot be accom- lower costs to the taxpayers. Based are adversely affected by abandoned plished without the assistance made upon the business plan for the Mesca- mine drainage. available under this legislation. The lero private initiative, a private in- In the Appalachian region, which suf- North Branch of the Potomac is only terim facility could be completed for fers the most serious mine drainage one of many areas that could greatly approximately $135 million and done in problems, the acidic runoff has left a benefit from improved environmental time to meet the 1998 deadline. major segment of our Nation’s river, conditions made possible by this meas- That is hundreds of millions of dol- the Potomac River, virtually devoid of ure. lars less than what the Office of Civil- life. Much of the North Branch of the I urge my colleagues to join me in ian Radioactive Waste Management Potomac, from its headwaters near supporting this bill in order to provide originally quoted earlier this summer. Kempton, MD, to the Jennings Ran- States with the flexibility and addi- And while DOE has revised its esti- dolph Lake, is biologically dead. Near- tional resources needed to better ad- mates downward in recent weeks, it is ly 700 miles of the North Branch’s dress environmental problems associ- only because of the undisputable cost streams are currently incapable of sup- ated with acid mine drainage. data for the Mescalero project. porting fish and other aquatic life be- Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- Competition always reduces costs, cause of the drainage. Along this sent that the text of the bill be printed particularly when it is with the Fed- stretch of the Potomac there are over in the RECORD. eral Government—the Mescalero 4,000 acres of abandoned mine lands, in- There being no objection, the bill was project is proof of that. With the Mes- cluding the worst offender, Kempton ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as calero initiative moving forward while Mines, which discharges approximately follows: congressional action has stalled—some 3 million gallons of abandoned mine S. 1479 have asked if this venture could resolve drainage each day. The Surface Mining Control and Rec- Be it enacted by the Senate and House of the interim issue. The short answer Representatives of the United States of America would be ‘‘yes,’’ in fact, 20 utilities are lamation Act of 1977 [SMCRA] estab- in Congress assembled, lished a regulatory program for current now participating in this private ven- SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. ture. mining activities requiring land rec- This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Acid Mine But Congress and the DOE have the lamation and control of acid drainage Drainage Abatement Act of 1995’’. legal responsibility to resolve this at active mine sites to assure that to- SEC. 2. ACID MINE DRAINAGE. issue. And we have the responsibility of day’s mines do not become tomorrow’s Section 402(g) of the Surface Mining Con- ensuring it is done by 1998. abandoned mines. It also established an trol and Reclamation Act of 1977 (30 U.S.C. Mr. President, I believe focusing on abandoned mine land reclamation 1232(g)) is amended— the interim storage privatization not [AML] fund, paid for by a fee imposed (1) in paragraph (6)— only represents a workable option, but on current mining production, to ad- (A) by striking ‘‘either’’ and all that fol- it also provides a ‘‘win-win’’ for rate- dress problems caused by abandoned lows through ‘‘trust fund’’ and inserting ‘‘a payers, for States, and for the environ- coal mines. Current law and regula- special trust fund’’; and (B) by striking ‘‘1995,’’ and all that follows ment. Therefore, I would encourage my tions require that priority be placed on through the end of the paragraph and insert- colleagues to join with me in cospon- alleviating public health and safety ing ‘‘1995.’’; and soring the Private Interim Storage Fa- problems posed by abandoned mine (2) by striking paragraph (7) and inserting cility Authorizing Act of 1995.∑ lands. However, States are authorized the following:

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‘‘(7)(A) Any State may receive and retain, S. 1470 United States intelligence sources and meth- without regard to the 3-year limitation re- At the request of Mr. MCCAIN, the ods connected to such information. ferred to in paragraph (1)(D), amounts up to name of the Senator from Alaska [Mr. ‘‘(2) Paragraph (1) may be waived upon the greater of $1,000,000 or 30 percent of the written certification by the President to the total of the grants made annually to the STEVENS] was added as a cosponsor of appropriate committees of Congress that State under this subsection if the amounts S. 1470, a bill to amend title II of the providing such information to the United are deposited in an acid mine drainage Social Security Act to provide for in- Nations or an organization affiliated with abatement and treatment fund established creases in the amounts of allowable the United Nations, or to any officials or em- under State law under which the amounts earnings under the Social Security ployees thereof, is in the national security (together with all interest earned on the earnings limit for individuals who have interests of the United States. amounts) are expended by the State to un- attained retirement age, and for other ‘‘(b) PERIODIC AND SPECIAL REPORTS.—(1) dertake acid mine drainage abatement and purposes. The President shall report semiannually to treatment projects. the Select Committee on Intelligence and ‘‘(B) A project that is funded out of an acid f the Committee on Foreign Relations of the mine drainage abatement and treatment Senate and the Permanent Select Committee fund under subparagraph (A) shall provide AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED on Intelligence and the Committee on Inter- for the abatement of the causes of the treat- national Relations of the House of Rep- ment of the effects of acid mine drainage resentatives on the types and volume of in- from lands and waters that are eligible under THE FOREIGN RELATIONS telligence provided to the United Nations section 404.’’. REVITALIZATION ACT OF 1995 and the purposes for which it was provided f during the period covered by the report. The President shall also report to the Select ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS HELMS (AND KERRY) AMENDMENT Committee on Intelligence and the Com- S. 953 NO. 3100 mittee on Foreign Relations of the Senate At the request of Mr. CHAFEE, the and the Permanent Select Committee on In- name of the Senator from Mississippi Mr. HELMS (for himself and Mr. telligence and the Committee on Inter- KERRY) proposed an amendment to the national Relations of the House of Rep- [Mr. COCHRAN] was added as a cospon- bill (S. 908) to authorize appropriations resentatives within 15 days after it has be- sor of S. 953, a bill to require the Sec- come known to the United States Govern- retary of the Treasury to mint coins in for the Department of State for fiscal years 1996 through 1999 and to abolish ment that there has been an unauthorized commemoration of black revolutionary disclosure of intelligence provided by the war patriots. the United States Information Agency, United States to the United Nations. the United States Arms Control and S. 969 ‘‘(2) The requirement for periodic reports Disarmament Agency, and the Agency At the request of Mr. BRADLEY, the under the first sentence of paragraph (1) names of the Senator from Iowa [Mr. for International Development, and for shall not apply to the provision of intel- other purposes; as follows: ligence that is provided only to, and for the GRASSLEY] and the Senator from North On page 27, strike lines 4 through 13. use of, appropriately cleared United States Carolina [Mr. HELMS] were added as co- Government personnel serving with the sponsors of S. 969, a bill to require that On page 27, line 14, strike ‘‘(e)’’ and insert ‘‘(c)’’. United Nations. ‘‘(c) DELEGATION OF DUTIES.—The Presi- health plans provide coverage for a On page 28, line 7, strike ‘‘(f)’’ and insert dent may not delegate or assign the duties of minimum hospital stay for a mother ‘‘(d)’’. the President under this section. and child following the birth of the On page 28, line 9, strike ‘‘(a) through (c)’’ ‘‘(d) RELATIONSHIP TO EXISTING LAW.— child, and for other purposes. and insert ‘‘(a) and (b)’’. Nothing in this section shall be construed Beginning on page 46, strike line 21 and all S. 1212 to— that follows before line 15 on page 50. At the request of Mr. COATS, the ‘‘(1) impair or otherwise affect the author- On page 58, line 18, strike ‘‘that effec- name of the Senator from Mississippi ity of the Director of Central Intelligence to tively’’ and insert ‘‘designed to’’. [Mr. COCHRAN] was added as a cospon- protect intelligence sources and methods On page 58, line 25, strike ‘‘that’’ and insert from unauthorized disclosure pursuant to sor of S. 1212, a bill to provide for the ‘‘designed to’’. section 103(c)(5) of the National Security Act establishment of demonstration On page 59, line 6, insert ‘‘relevant’’ after of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 403–3(c)(5)); or projects designed to determine the so- ‘‘other’’. ‘‘(2) supersede or otherwise affect the pro- cial, civic, psychological, and economic On page 61, line 21, strike ‘‘15’’ and insert visions of title V of the National Security ‘‘5’’. effects of providing to individuals and Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 413 et seq.). On page 61, line 22, strike ‘‘authorize’’ and families with limited means an oppor- ‘‘(e) DEFINITION.—As used in this section, insert ‘‘initiate, expand, or modify’’. tunity to accumulate assets, and to de- the term ‘appropriate committees of Con- On page 61, line 24, strike the parenthesis termine the extent to which an asset- gress’ means the Select Committee on Intel- and all that follows through the parenthesis ligence and the Committee on Foreign Rela- based welfare policy may be used to en- on page 62, line 2. tions of the Senate and the Permanent Se- able individuals and families with low On page 62, line 17, strike ‘‘15’’ and insert lect Committee on Intelligence and the Com- income to achieve economic self-suffi- ‘‘5’’. mittee on International Relations of the Beginning on page 69, strike line 1 and all ciency. House of Representatives.’’. S. 1251 that follows through line 5 on page 73 and in- Beginning on page 73, strike line 6 and all At the request of Mr. HATFIELD, the sert the following: that follows through line 5 on page 74. names of the Senator from Hawaii [Mr. SEC. 216. RESTRICTIONS ON INTELLIGENCE On page 74, line 6, strike ‘‘SEC. 218.’’ and SHARING WITH THE UNITED NA- insert ‘‘SEC. 217.’’. INOUYE], the Senator from Illinois [Mr. TIONS. SIMON], the Senator from Nebraska On page 75, line 13, strike ‘‘SEC. 219.’’ and The United Nations Participation Act of insert ‘‘SEC. 218.’’. [Mr. KERRY], and the Senator from 1945 (22 U.S.C. 287 et seq.) is amended by add- On page 77, line 14, strike ‘‘SEC. 220.’’ and Maryland [Ms. MIKULSKI] were added as ing at the end the following new section: insert ‘‘SEC. 219.’’. cosponsors of S. 1251, a bill to establish ‘‘SEC. 12. RESTRICTIONS ON INTELLIGENCE On page 84, strike lines 23 and 24. a National Fund for Health Research to SHARING WITH THE UNITED NA- On page 85, line 1, strike ‘‘(2)’’ and insert expand medical research programs TIONS. ‘‘(1)’’. through increased funding provided to ‘‘(a) PROVISION OF INTELLIGENCE INFORMA- On page 85, line 3, strike ‘‘(3)’’ and insert TION TO THE UNITED NATIONS.—(1) No United the National Institutes of Health, and ‘‘(2)’’. States intelligence information may be pro- On page 85, line 4, strike ‘‘(4)’’ and insert for other purposes. vided to the United Nations or any organiza- ‘‘(3)’’. S. 1344 tion affiliated with the United Nations, or to On page 85, line 6, strike ‘‘(5)’’ and insert At the request of Mr. HEFLIN, the any officials or employees thereof, unless the ‘‘(4)’’. name of the Senator from Arkansas President certifies to the appropriate com- Beginning on page 87, strike line 8 and all [Mr. PRYOR] was added as a cosponsor mittees of Congress that the Director of Cen- that follows through line 17 on page 88 and of S. 1344, a bill to repeal the require- tral Intelligence (in this section referred to insert the following: ment relating to specific statutory au- as the ‘DCI’), in consultation with the Sec- (b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense retary of State and the Secretary of Defense, of the Senate that the Human Rights Com- thorization for increases in judicial has established and implemented procedures, mittee established under the International salaries, to provide for automatic an- and has worked with the United Nations to Covenant on Civil and Political Rights nual increases for judicial salaries, and ensure implementation of procedures, for should revoke its General Comment No. 24 for other purposes. protecting from unauthorized disclosure adopted on November 2, 1994.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00082 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18665 On page 93, line 19, strike ‘‘$10,000,000’’ and SEC. 1002. PURPOSES. ‘‘shall take effect only in the event of the insert ‘‘$20,000,000’’. The purposes of this division are— abolition of the independent foreign affairs Beginning on page 108, strike line 13 and (1) to reorganize and reinvent the foreign agencies specified in section 1501(e)’’. all that follows through line 3 on page 109. affairs agencies of the United States in order Beginning on page 215, strike line 15 and On page 109, strike line 4 through 14 and in- to enhance the formulation, coordination, all that follows through line 9 on page 221 sert the following: and implementation of United States foreign and insert the following: SEC. 604. AUTHORIZED PAYMENTS. policy; ‘‘shall take effect only in the event of the (a) PAYMENT OF LETTERS OF CREDIT.—(1) In (2) to streamline and consolidate the func- abolition of the independent foreign affairs addition to licenses required to be issued tions and personnel of the Department of agencies specified in section 1501(e). under section 575.510 of title 31, Code of Fed- State, the Agency for International Develop- TITLE XV—PLANS FOR CONSOLIDATION eral Regulations, the Secretary of the Treas- ment, the United States Information Agen- AND REINVENTION OF FOREIGN AF- ury shall direct that licenses be issued to cy, and the United States Arms Control and FAIRS AGENCIES permit payments, as certified under sub- Disarmament Agency in order to eliminate section (b), from blocked Iraqi accounts in- redundancies in the functions and personnel SEC. 1501. REORGANIZATION OF THE DEPART- volving an irrevocable letter of credit issued of such agencies; MENT OF STATE AND THE INDE- PENDENT FOREIGN AFFAIRS AGEN- or confirmed by a foreign bank for the ben- (3) to assist congressional efforts to bal- efit of a United States person of amounts CIES. ance the Federal budget and reduce the Fed- (a) SUBMISSION OF REORGANIZATION owed to such person with respect to goods or eral debt; services lawfully exported to Iraq before Au- PLANS.— (4) to ensure that the United States main- gust 2, 1990, whether or not such letter was (1) IN GENERAL.—The President is author- tain adequate representation abroad within confirmed by a United States bank. ized to transmit to the appropriate congres- (2) Licenses shall be issued under para- budgetary restraints; sional committees a reorganization plan or graph (1) not later than 120 days after the (5) to ensure that programs critical to the plans providing for the streamlining, con- date on which the Foreign Claims Settle- promotion of United States national inter- solidation, and merger of the functions of ment Commission certifies an award pursu- ests be maintained; the foreign affairs agencies of the United ant to subsection (b). (6) to strengthen the authority of United States in order to carry out the purposes of (3) Payments made in compliance with this States ambassadors over all United States section 1002. subsection or any regulation, order, instruc- Government personnel and resources located (2) SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES.—Pursuant to tion, or issued under this section, shall, to in United States diplomatic missions in paragraph (1), the President is authorized to the extent of such payment, fully acquit and order to enhance the ability of the ambas- transmit a reorganization plan meeting the discharge for all purposes the obligation of sadors to deploy such personnel and re- following objectives: the person making the payment. No person sources to the best effect to attain the Presi- (A) The elimination in the duplication of may be held liable for or with respect to any- dent’s foreign policy objectives; functions and personnel between the Depart- thing done or omitted in good faith pursuant (7) to encourage United States foreign af- ment of State and the independent foreign to and in reliance on this section or any such fairs agencies to maintain a high percentage affairs agencies, which may include the abo- regulation, order, instruction, or direction. of the best qualified, most competent United lition of any such agency. (b) DETERMINATION OF CLAIMS.—(1) The States citizens serving in the United States (B) The reduction in the aggregate number Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of Government while downsizing significantly of positions in the Department of State and the United States is authorized to receive the total number of people employed by such the independent foreign affairs agencies and determine the validity of any claims of agencies; and United States persons against the Govern- which are classified at each of levels II, III, (8) to ensure that all functions of United and IV of the Executive Schedule. ment of Iraq (including its agencies, instru- States diplomacy be subject to recruitment, mentalities, and controlled entities). (C) The reorganization and streamlining of training, assignment, promotion, and egress the Department of State. (2) The Foreign Claims Settlement Com- based on common standards and procedures mission shall certify awards under this sub- (D) The achievement of $1,700,000,000 in while preserving maximum interchange savings over 5 years through the stream- section to the Secretary of the Treasury not among such functions. later than 270 days after the date of enact- lining, consolidation, and merger of the func- On page 127, line 16, strike ‘‘(a) SECRETARY ment of this Act. tions of the foreign affairs agencies. OF STATE.—’’. (c) VESTING AUTHORITY.—The President is (E) The enhancement of the formulation, authorized to vest and liquidate as much of Beginning on page 128, strike line 5 and all coordination, and implementation of policy. the assets of the Government of Iraq in the that follows through line 2 on page 169 and (F) The maintenance, to the maximum ex- United States that have been blocked pursu- insert the following: tent possible, of a United States diplomatic ant to the International Emergency Eco- SEC. 1102. ASSUMPTION OF DUTIES BY INCUM- and consular presence abroad. nomic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et. seq.) as BENT APPOINTEES. (G) The maintenance of programs vital to may be necessary to satisfy claims under An individual holding an office imme- the national interests of the United States. subsections (a) and (b). diately prior to the date of enactment of this (b) PLAN ELEMENTS.—A reorganization (d) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this sec- Act— plan transmitted under subsection (a)(2), tion: (1) who was appointed to the office by the consistent with the provisions of this Act, (1) BLOCKED IRAQI ACCOUNTS.—The term President, by and with the advice and con- shall— ‘‘blocked Iraqi accounts’’ means funds on de- sent of the Senate; and (1) identify the functions of the inde- posit in United States financial institutions (2) who performs duties substantially simi- pendent foreign affairs agency or agencies in which the Government of Iraq has an in- lar to the duties of an office proposed to be that will be transferred to the Department of terest and which were blocked under the created under a reorganization plan sub- State or any other agency under the plan, as International Emergency Economic Powers mitted under section 1501, well as those that may be abolished under Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) on or after August may, in the discretion of the Secretary of the plan; 2, 1990. State, assume the duties of such new office, (2) identify the personnel and positions of (2) UNITED STATES PERSON.—The term and shall not be required to be reappointed the agency or agencies (including civil serv- ‘‘United States person’’ means a person sub- by reason of the implementation of the reor- ice personnel, Foreign Service personnel, and ject to the jurisdiction of the United States, ganization plan. detailees) that will be transferred to the De- including— On page 169, line 3, strike ‘‘SEC. 1109.’’ and partment or any other agency, separated (A) any person, wherever located, who is a insert ‘‘SEC. 1103.’’. from service with the agency or agencies, or citizen or resident of the United States, Beginning on page 171, strike line 17 and be terminated under the plan, and set forth (B) any person actually within the United all that follows through line 2 on page 172. a schedule for such transfers, separations, States, On page 172, line 3, strike ‘‘(g)’’ and insert and terminations; (C) any corporation organized under the ‘‘(f)’’. (3) identify the personnel and positions of laws of the United States or of any State, On page 172, line 8, strike ‘‘(h)’’ and insert the Department (including civil service per- territory, possession, or district of the ‘‘(g)’’. sonnel, Foreign Service personnel, and United States, and On page 172, line 11, strike ‘‘(i)’’ and insert detailees) that will be transferred within the (D) any partnership, association, corpora- ‘‘(h)’’. Department or any other agency, separated tion, or other organization wherever orga- Beginning on page 173, strike line 6 and all from service with the Department, or termi- nized or doing business which is owned or that follows through line 21 on page 174. nated under the plan and set forth a schedule controlled by persons described in subpara- On page 184, strike lines 17 through 22 and for such transfers, separations, and termi- graph (A), (B), or (C), insert the following: nations; and does not include the United States Gov- ‘‘shall take effect only in the event of the (4) specify the consolidations, mergers, and ernment or any officer or employee thereof abolition of the independent foreign affairs reorganization of functions of the Depart- acting in an official capacity. agencies specified in section 1501(e)’’. ment that will be required under the plan in Beginning on page 125, strike line 7 and all Beginning on page 209, strike line 22 and order to permit the Department to carry out that follows through line 11 on page 127 and all that follows through line 3 on page 210 the functions transferred to the Department insert the following: and insert the following: under the plan;

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00083 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18666 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 (5) specify the funds available to the inde- national Development, and the International On page 235, line 9, after ‘‘(2),’’ insert the pendent foreign affairs agency or agencies Development Cooperation Agency. following: ‘‘in implementation of any plan that will be transferred to the Department On page 221, line 10, strike ‘‘TITLE XVII’’ submitted under subsection (a),’’. or any other agency under this Act as a re- and insert ‘‘title xvi’’. On page 235, line 10, after ‘‘necessary’’ in- sult of the implementation of the plan; On page 221, line 12, strike ‘‘SEC. 1701.’’ sert ‘‘, including actions’’. On page 235, line 20, strike ‘‘February 28, (6) specify the proposed allocations within and insert ‘‘SEC. 1601.’’. the Department of the funds specified for 1997’’ and insert ‘‘the effective date of the On page 223, line 20, strike ‘‘ ’’ transfer under paragraph (5); SEC. 1702. plan submitted under subsection (a)’’. and insert ‘‘ ’’. (7) specify the proposed disposition of the SEC. 1602. On page 236, line 13, strike ‘‘1708’’ and in- property, facilities, contracts, records, and On page 224, line 2, strike ‘‘SEC. 1701.’’ and sert ‘‘1608’’. other assets and liabilities of the inde- insert ‘‘SEC. 1601.’’. On page 237, line 16, strike ‘‘or’’. pendent foreign affairs agency or agencies On page 224, line 12, strike ‘‘SEC. 1701.’’ On page 237, line 18, strike the period and resulting from the abolition of any such and insert ‘‘SEC. 1601.’’. insert ‘‘; or’’. agency and the transfer of the functions of On page 224, line 13, strike ‘‘SEC. 1703.’’ On page 237, between lines 18 and 19, insert the independent foreign affairs agencies to and insert ‘‘SEC. 1603.’’. the following: the Department or to any other agency; On page 224, lines 16 and 17, strike ‘‘Not (6) terminating any function authorized by (8) specify a proposed consolidation of ad- later than March 1, 1997,’’ and insert ‘‘In the law. ministrative functions to serve the Depart- event of the abolition of the independent for- On page 237, line 1, strike ‘‘SEC. 1706.’’ and ment of State and all independent foreign af- eign affairs agencies specified in section insert ‘‘SEC. 1606.’’. On page 237, line 4, strike ‘‘1703, 1704, or fairs agencies; and 1501(e), not later than 90 days before their 1705’’ and insert ‘‘1501, 1603, 1604, or 1605’’. (9) contain a certification by the Director abolition,’’. of the Office of Management and Budget that On page 226, lines 23 through 25, strike ‘‘the On page 238, line 14, strike ‘‘1703, 1704, or the Director estimates that the plan will date Congress enacts a joint resolution, in 1705’’ and insert ‘‘1501, 1603, 1604, or 1605’’. save $1,700,000,000 in budget authority during accordance with section 1708, approving the On page 238, between lines 16 and 17, insert fiscal years 1996 through 2000 from the initial plan’’ and insert ‘‘the date which is 90 cal- the following new subsection: (d) TRANSMITTAL OF REORGANIZATION level appropriated for fiscal year 1995 for the endar days of continuous session of Congress PLANS.—Section 903(b) of title 5, United following agencies (including appropriations after the date on which the plan is trans- States Code, shall apply to each reorganiza- made to accounts administered by such mitted to Congress, unless the Congress en- tion plan submitted under section 1501, 1603, agencies): the Department of State, the acts a joint resolution, in accordance with 1604, or 1605. United States Information Agency, the section 1608, disapproving the plan’’. United States Agency for International De- On page 227, line 1, strike ‘‘The’’ and insert On page 238, line 17, strike ‘‘SEC. 1707.’’ velopment, and the United States Arms Con- ‘‘In implementation of any plan submitted and insert ‘‘SEC. 1607.’’. trol and Disarmament Agency. under subsection (a), the’’. On page 238, line 21, strike ‘‘1703, 1704, or (c) LIMITATIONS.— 1705’’ and insert ‘‘1501, 1603, 1604, or 1605’’. On page 227, line 3, after ‘‘necessary’’ insert On page 238, line 24, strike ‘‘1708’’ and in- (1) LIMITATION ON REDUCTIONS IN PROGRAM ‘‘, including actions’’. LEVELS.—Not more than 30 percent of the sert ‘‘1608’’. On page 227, line 13, strike ‘‘February 28, On page 239, line 3, strike ‘‘1703, 1704, or savings required under subsection (b)(9) may 1997’’ and insert ‘‘the effective date of the be realized from reductions in program lev- 1705’’ and insert ‘‘1501, 1603, 1604, or 1605’’. plan submitted under subsection (a)’’. On page 239, line 7, strike ‘‘1708’’ and insert els. On page 227, line 25, strike ‘‘ ’’ SEC. 1708. ‘‘1608’’. (2) LIMITATION ON SAVINGS FROM ADMINIS- and insert ‘‘ ’’. SEC. 1608. On page 239, line 10, after Congress, insert TRATIVE EXPENSES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF On page 228, line 9, strike ‘‘SEC. 1704.’’ and the following: ‘‘, except that the President STATE.—Not more than 15 percent of the sav- insert ‘‘SEC. 1604.’’. ings required under subsection (b)(9) may On page 228, lines 11 and 12, strike ‘‘Not may only withdraw a plan if a revised plan is come from the administrative expenses of later than March 1, 1997,’’ and insert ‘‘In the immediately substituted for that plan’’. the Department of State. event of the abolition of the independent for- On page 239, line 11, strike ‘‘SEC. 1708.’’ and insert ‘‘ ’’. (3) LIMITATIONS ON CONTENTS OF PLAN.— eign affairs agencies specified in section SEC. 1608. On page 239, line 13, insert ‘‘(1)’’ imme- Sections 1606 and 1607 of this Act shall apply 1501(e), not later than 90 days before their diately after ‘‘(a) PROCEDURES.—’’. to a plan transmitted under subsection (a). abolition,’’. (d) EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN.—(1) A plan On page 229, line 1, strike ‘‘1701(b) and 1701 On page 239, between lines 17 and 18, insert transmitted under subsection (a) shall be- (d)(1)’’ and insert ‘‘1601(b) and 1601(d)(1)’’. the following: come effective on a date which is 90 calendar On page 230, lines 23 through 25, strike ‘‘the (2) For purposes of this title and title XV— days of continuous session of Congress after date Congress enacts a joint resolution, in (A) continuity of session of Congress is the date on which the plan is transmitted to accordance with section 1708, approving the broken only by an adjournment of Congress Congress, unless the Congress enacts a joint plan’’ and insert ‘‘the date which is 90 cal- sine die; and resolution, in accordance with section 1608, endar days of continuous session of Congress (B) the days on which either House is not disapproving the plan. after the date on which the plan is trans- in session because of an adjournment of more (2) Any provision of a plan submitted under mitted to Congress, unless the Congress en- than 3 days to a day certain are excluded in subsection (a) may take effect later than the acts a joint resolution, in accordance with the computation of any period of time in date on which the plan becomes effective. section 1608, disapproving the plan’’. which Congress is in continuous session. (e) ABOLITION OF SPECIFIED INDEPENDENT On page 231, line 2, after ‘‘(2),’’ insert the On page 239, line 21, strike ‘‘approves’’ and FOREIGN AFFAIRS AGENCIES.—If the President following: ‘‘in implementation of any plan insert ‘‘disapproves’’. does not transmit to Congress within six submitted under subsection (a),’’. On page 240, line 2, strike ‘‘1707’’ and insert months after the date of enactment of this On page 231, line 3, after ‘‘necessary’’ insert ‘‘1607’’. Act a reorganization plan meeting the objec- ‘‘, including actions’’. On page 240, strike line 5 through 19 and in- tives of subsection (a)(2), then the United On page 231, line 13, strike ‘‘February 28, sert the following: States Arms Control and Disarmament 1997’’ and insert ‘‘the effective date of the (c) INTRODUCTION AND REFERENCE OF RESO- Agency, the United States Information plan submitted under subsection (a)’’. LUTION.—(1) A joint resolution described in Agency, the Agency for International Devel- On page 232, line 7, strike ‘‘1708’’ and insert subsection (b) is only entitled to expedited opment, and the International Development ‘‘1608’’. procedures set forth in this section if the res- Cooperation Agency (exclusive of compo- On page 232, line 16, strike ‘‘SEC. 1705.’’ olution is introduced in a House of Congress nents expressly established by statute or re- and insert ‘‘SEC. 1605.’’. by a Member of that House within 10 cal- organization plan) shall be abolished six On page 232, lines 18 and 19, strike ‘‘Not endar days of continuous session of Congress months after the expiration of the period for later than March 1, 1997,’’ and insert ‘‘In the of the transmittal of a reorganization plan submission of the plan, and the functions of event of the abolition of the independent for- under section 1501, 1603, 1604, or 1605. such agencies shall be transferred in accord- eign affairs agencies specified in section On page 240, line 20, strike ‘‘A’’ and insert ance with section 1601. 1501(e), not later than 90 days before their ‘‘Any’’. (f) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section— abolition,’’. On page 240, line 23, strike ‘‘(and all resolu- (1) the term ‘‘foreign affairs agencies’’ On page 233, line 7, strike ‘‘1701(c) and tions’’ and all that follows through ‘‘com- means the Department of State and the inde- 1701(d)(2)’’ and insert ‘‘1601(c) and 1601(d)(2)’’. mittee)’’ on line 25. pendent foreign affairs agencies; and On page 235, lines 5 through 7, strike ‘‘the On page 241, strike lines 6 through 16 and (2) the term ‘‘independent foreign affairs date Congress enacts a joint resolution, in insert the following: agencies’’ means such Federal agencies accordance with section 1708, approving the (d) MOTION TO DISCHARGE COMMITTEE CON- (other than the Department of State) that plan’’ and insert ‘‘the date which is 90 cal- SIDERING RESOLUTION.—(1) If the committee solely perform functions that are funded endar days of continuous session of Congress to which is referred a resolution introduced under major budget category 150 and in- after the date on which the plan is trans- pursuant to paragraph (1) of subsection (c) cludes the United States Arms Control and mitted to Congress, unless the Congress en- has not reported such resolution at the end Disarmament Agency, the United States In- acts a joint resolution, in accordance with of 30 calendar days of continuous session of formation Agency, the Agency for Inter- section 1608, disapproving the plan’’. Congress after its introduction, it shall be in

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00084 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18667 order to move either to discharge the com- On page 266, line 16, strike ‘‘1701’’ and in- business is completed, to conduct a mittee from further consideration of the res- sert ‘‘1601’’. mark up of H.J. Res. 69, H.J. Res. 110, olution or to discharge the committee from On page 266, line 20, strike ‘‘1701’’ and in- H.J. Res. 111, and H.J. Res. 112—Smith- further consideration of any other resolution sert ‘‘1601’’. sonian Institution Board of Regents introduced with respect to the same plan On page 266, line 25, strike ‘‘1701’’ and in- which has been referred to the committee, sert ‘‘1601’’. citizen appointments, S. 246, Martin except that no motion to discharge shall be On page 267, line 3, strike ‘‘1701’’ and insert Luther King Memorial legislation; H.R. in order after the committee has reported a ‘‘1601’’. 2527, FEC legislation and S. Con. Res. resolution with respect to the same plan. On page 267, line 7, strike ‘‘1701’’ and insert 34, a resolution to authorize the print- (2) A motion to discharge under paragraph ‘‘1601’’. ing of ‘‘Vice Presidents of the United (1) may be made only by a Senator favoring On page 267, line 11, strike ‘‘1701’’ and in- States, 1789–1993.’’ The Committee will the resolution, is privileged, and debate sert ‘‘1601’’. also consider a Senate Internet Policy. thereon shall be limited to not more than 1 On page 267, line 15, strike ‘‘1701’’ and in- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without hour, to be divided equally between those fa- sert ‘‘1601’’. voring and those opposing the resolution, the objection, it is so ordered. f time to be divided equally between, and con- SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE trolled by, the majority leader and the mi- AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEES TO Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I ask nority leader or their designees. An amend- MEET unanimous consent that the Select ment to the motion is not in order, and it is Committee on Intelligence by author- not in order to move to reconsider the vote COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL by which the motion is agreed to or dis- RESOURCES ized to meet during the session of the agreed to. Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I ask Senate on Thursday, December 14, 1995 On page 241, lines 19 and 20, strike ‘‘deemed unanimous consent that the Com- at 2 p.m. to hold a closed briefing re- to be’’. mittee on Energy and Natural Re- garding intelligence matters. On page 243, line 25, strike ‘‘1703, 1704, or sources be granted permission to meet The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without 1705’’ and insert ‘‘1501, 1603, 1604, or 1605’’. objection it is so ordered. On page 244, line 10, strike ‘‘SEC. 1709.’’ during the session of the Senate on and insert ‘‘SEC. 1609.’’. Thursday, December 14, 1995, for pur- f poses of conducting a full committee On page 246, line 22, strike ‘‘1710’’ and in- ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS sert ‘‘1610’’. hearing which is scheduled to begin at On page 247, line 10, strike ‘‘1710’’ and in- 9:30 a.m. The purpose of this hearing is sert ‘‘1610’’. to consider S. 1271, the Nuclear Waste On page 247, line 16, strike ‘‘1710’’ and in- SENATE QUARTERLY MAIL COSTS Policy Act of 1995. sert ‘‘1610’’. ∑ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, in ac- On page 250, line 3, strike ‘‘SEC. 1710.’’ and cordance with section 318 of Public insert ‘‘SEC. 1610.’’. objection, it is so ordered. Law 101–520 as amended by Public Law On page 251, line 9, strike ‘‘1709’’ and insert COMMITTEE ON FINANCE 103–283, I am submitting the frank mail ‘‘1609’’. Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I ask On page 252, line 1, strike ‘‘SEC. 1711.’’ and allocations made to each Senator from unanimous consent that the Com- insert ‘‘SEC. 1611.’’. the appropriation for official mail ex- mittee on Finance be permitted to On page 255, line 3, strike ‘‘SEC. 1712.’’ and penses and summary tabulations of meet Thursday, December 14, 1995, be- insert ‘‘SEC. 1612.’’. Senate mass mail costs for the second On page 257, line 3, strike ‘‘SEC. 1713.’’ and ginning at 10 a.m. in room SD–215, to and third quarters of fiscal year 1995 to insert ‘‘SEC. 1613.’’. conduct a mark up on the Social Secu- be printed in the RECORD. These reports On page 258, line 8, strike ‘‘SEC. 1714.’’ and rity Earnings Limit and on two nomi- were not submitted for the RECORD at insert ‘‘SEC. 1614.’’. nees pending before the Committee. On page 258, line 19, strike ‘‘SEC. 1715.’’ the appropriate time. The official mail The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without and insert ‘‘SEC. 1615.’’. allocations are available for frank mail objection, it is so ordered. On page 258, line 23, strike ‘‘1701’’ and in- costs, as stipulated in Public Law 103– sert ‘‘1601’’. COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS 283, the Legislative Branch Appropria- On page 259, line 1, strike ‘‘1701’’ and insert Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I ask tions Act for fiscal year 1995. The sec- ‘‘1601’’. unanimous consent that the Com- On page 259, line 9, strike ‘‘SEC. 1716.’’ and ond quarter of fiscal year 1995 covers insert ‘‘SEC. 1616.’’. mittee on Foreign Relations be author- the period of January 1, 1995, through On page 259, line 17, strike ‘‘SEC. 1717.’’ ized to meet during the session of the March 31, 1995, and the third quarter and insert ‘‘SEC. 1617.’’. Senate on Thursday, December 14, 1995 covers the period of April 1, 1995, On page 260, line 6, strike ‘‘SEC. 1718.’’ and at 2 p.m. through June 30, 1995. insert ‘‘ ’’. SEC. 1618. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without There being no objection, the mate- On page 261, line 17, strike ‘‘SEC. 1719.’’ objection, it is so ordered. and insert ‘‘SEC. 1619.’’. rial was ordered to be printed in the On page 262, line 4, strike ‘‘1701’’ and insert COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS RECORD, as follows: ‘‘1601’’. Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I ask On page 263, line 8, strike ‘‘1701’’ and insert unanimous consent on behalf of the SENATE QUARTERLY MASS MAIL VOLUMES AND COSTS ‘‘1601’’. Governmental Affairs Committee to FOR THE QUARTER ENDING 03/31/95 On page 264, line 1, strike ‘‘SEC. 1720.’’ and meet on Thursday, December 14, for a insert ‘‘SEC. 1620.’’. Fiscal hearing on Federal Government Finan- On page 264, line 6, strike ‘‘SEC. 1721.’’ and Total Pieces Cost per year 1995 cial Management. Senators per cap- Total cost official insert ‘‘SEC. 1621.’’. pieces ita capita mail allo- On page 264, line 15, strike ‘‘SEC. 1722.’’ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without cation and insert ‘‘SEC. 1622.’’. objection, it is so ordered. On page 264, line 22, strike ‘‘ ’’ Abraham ...... 600 0.00006 $218.90 $0.00002 $140,289 SEC. 1723. COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY Akaka ...... 0 0 0.00 0 29,867 and insert ‘‘SEC. 1623.’’. Ashcroft ...... 0 0 0.00 0 83,043 On page 265, line 2, before the period insert Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I ask Baucus ...... 0 0 0.00 0 34,694 the following: ‘‘, and a projection of the per- unanimous consent that the Com- Bennett ...... 0 0 0.00 0 30,689 Biden ...... 0 0 0.00 0 28,591 sonnel end-strengths of the Foreign Service mittee on the Judiciary be authorized Bingaman ...... 0 0 0.00 0 30,834 and the Senior Foreign Service as of Sep- to hold a business meeting during the Bond ...... 0 0 0.00 0 108,312 tember 30, 1999’’. Boxer ...... 15,805 0.00051 5,856.86 0.00019 582,722 session of the Senate on Thursday, De- Bradley ...... 0 0 0.00 0 151,392 On page 265, line 3, strike ‘‘SEC. 1724.’’ and cember 14, 1995 at 10 a.m. in SD 226. Breaux ...... 0 0 0.00 0 82,088 insert ‘‘SEC. 1624.’’. Brown ...... 0 0 0.00 0 74,406 On page 265, line 21, strike ‘‘1701’’ and in- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Bryan ...... 0 0 0.00 0 45,030 objection, it is so ordered. Bumpers ...... 0 0 0.00 0 48,743 sert ‘‘1601’’. Burns ...... 0 0 0.00 0 34,694 On page 265, line 24, strike ‘‘1701’’ and in- COMMITTEE ON RULES AND ADMINISTRATION Byrd ...... 0 0 0.00 0 34,593 sert ‘‘1601’’. Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I ask Campbell ...... 0 0 0.00 0 74,406 On page 266, line 3, strike ‘‘1701’’ and insert Chafee ...... 0 0 0.00 0 30,524 unanimous consent that the Senate Coats ...... 0 0 0.00 0 111,738 ‘‘1601’’. Cochran ...... 0 0 0.00 0 48,596 On page 266, line 6, strike ‘‘1701’’ and insert Committee on Rules and Administra- Cohen ...... 6,898 0.00559 2,722.62 0.00220 37,937 ‘‘1601’’. tion be allowed to meet during the ses- Conrad ...... 58,800 0.09245 10,837.38 0.01704 25,438 Coverdell ...... 0 0 0.00 0 137,674 On page 266, line 12, strike ‘‘1701’’ and in- sion of the Senate Thursday, December Craig ...... 0 0 0.00 0 31,846 sert ‘‘1601’’. 14, 1995 beginning at 9:30 a.m. until D’Amato ...... 0 0 0.00 0 335,341

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00085 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18668 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 SENATE QUARTERLY MASS MAIL VOLUMES AND COSTS SENATE QUARTERLY MASS MAIL VOLUMES AND COSTS has been inspired by its founder, Na- FOR THE QUARTER ENDING 03/31/95—Continued FOR THE QUARTER ENDING 06/30/95—Continued than Barnert, a former mayor of Paterson, whose public spiritedness Fiscal Fiscal Pieces year 1995 and concern for the most vulnerable in Total Cost per Total Pieces Cost per year 1995 Senators pieces per cap- Total cost capita official Senators per cap- Total cost official society shaped the philosophy that has ita mail allo- pieces ita capita mail allo- cation cation long guided DMC’s programs. Over 700 New Jersey residents each Daschle ...... 0 0 0.00 0 27,650 Cochran ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 48,596 DeWine ...... 0 0 0.00 0 168,128 Cohen ...... 667 0.00054 546.76 0.00044 37,937 day benefit from the center’s services. Dodd ...... 0 0 0.00 0 66,615 Conrad ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 25,438 In addition to providing high quality Dole ...... 0 0 0.00 0 51,907 Coverdell ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 137,674 Domenici ...... 1,000 0.00063 226.53 0.00014 30,834 Craig ...... 11,500 0.01078 2,542.72 0.00238 31,846 medical care, Daughters of Miriam Dorgan ...... 62,500 0.09827 11,191.75 0.01760 25,438 D’Amato ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 335,341 Center provides patients with a sense Exon ...... 0 0 0.00 0 32,516 Daschle ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 27,650 Faircloth ...... 0 0 0.00 0 140,612 DeWine ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 168,128 of community. The center’s programs, Feingold ...... 0 0 0.00 0 97,556 Dodd ...... 851 0.00026 709.80 0.00022 66,615 such as medical day care for Alzheimer Feinstein ...... 0 0 0.00 0 582,722 Dole ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 51,907 Ford ...... 0 0 0.00 0 74,054 Domenici ...... 2,055 0.00130 550.98 0.00035 30,834 patients, congregate services, a respite Frist ...... 0 0 0.00 0 78,686 Dorgan ...... 11,650 0.01832 2,146.29 0.00337 25,438 program, and a sheltered workshop, Glenn ...... 0 0 0.00 0 219,288 Exon ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 32,516 Gorton ...... 0 0 0.00 0 106,532 Faircloth ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 140,612 bring warmth and purpose to partici- Graham ...... 2,397 0.00018 1,940.83 0.00014 323,488 Feingold ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 97,556 pants’ lives. Gramm ...... 16,000 0.00091 3,992.34 0.00023 352,339 Fienstein ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 582,722 Grams ...... 0 0 0.00 0 67,423 Ford ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 74,054 On a personal note, I would note that Grassley ...... 0 0 0.00 0 56,381 Frist ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 78,686 my own mother, as a nursing home Gregg ...... 35,256 0.03173 28,252.50 0.02543 34,552 Glenn ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 219,288 Harkin ...... 0 0 0.00 0 56,381 Gorton ...... 181,460 0.03533 39,655.61 0.00772 106,532 resident, benefited greatly from the Hatch ...... 0 0 0.00 0 30,689 Graham ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 323,488 friendship and care offered at the cen- Hatfield ...... 0 0 0.00 0 62,019 Gramm ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 352,339 Heflin ...... 6,800 0.00164 1,207.20 0.00029 81,113 Grams ...... 33,925 0.00757 8,698.24 0.00194 67,423 ter. Helms ...... 0 0 0.00 0 140,612 Grassley ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 56,381 Mr. President, the anniversary of Hollings ...... 0 0 0.00 0 72,302 Gregg ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 34,552 Hutchison ...... 0 0 0.00 0 352,339 Harkin ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 56,381 Daughters of Miriam Center is more Inhofe ...... 0 0 0.00 0 52,475 Hatch ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 30,689 than anything an opportunity to cele- Inouye ...... 0 0 0.00 0 29,867 Hatfield ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 62,019 Jeffords ...... 0 0 0.00 0 23,830 Heflin ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 81,113 brate the people who have shaped this Johnston ...... 0 0 0.00 0 82,088 Helms ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 140,612 great institution—the doctors, nurses, Kassebaum ...... 0 0 0.00 0 51,907 Hollings ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 72,302 Kempthorne ...... 0 0 0.00 0 31,846 Hutchison ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 352,339 staff, friends, and patients who have Kennedy ...... 0 0 0.00 0 121,391 Inhofe ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 52,475 made the center what it is today. Their Kerrey ...... 0 0 0.00 0 32,516 Inouye ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 29,867 Kerry ...... 0 0 0.00 0 121,391 Jeffords ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 23,830 energy and commitment have helped Kohl ...... 0 0 0.00 0 97,556 Johnston ...... 96,450 0.02250 17,923.62 0.00418 82,088 make the center a leading facility for Kyl ...... 0 0 0.00 0 63,581 Kassebaum ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 51,907 Lautenberg ...... 0 0 0.00 0 151,392 Kempthorne ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 31,846 the care of the elderly on the east Leahy ...... 3,714 0.00652 1,082.36 0.00190 23,830 Kennedy ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 121,391 coast. Levin ...... 0 0 0.00 0 182,978 Kerrey ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 32,516 I ask my colleagues to join me today Lieberman ...... 0 0 0.00 0 66,615 Kerry ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 121,391 Lott ...... 0 0 0.00 0 48,596 Kohl ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 97,556 in congratulating Daughters of Miriam Lugar ...... 0 0 0.00 0 111,738 Kyl ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 63,581 center for reaching an important mile- Mack ...... 0 0 0.00 0 323,488 Lautenberg ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 151,392 McCain ...... 0 0 0.00 0 82,928 Leahy ...... 1,410 0.00247 361.35 0.00063 23,830 stone, and I wish the Center continued McConnell ...... 0 0 0.00 0 74,054 Levin ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 182,978 success in its valuable service to New Mikulski ...... 3,800 0.00077 866.55 0.00018 91,956 Lieberman ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 66,615 Moseley-Braun ..... 0 0 0.00 0 216,454 Lott ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 48,596 Jersey and the Nation.∑ Moynihan ...... 0 0 0.00 0 335,341 Lugar ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 111,738 Murkowski ...... 0 0 0.00 0 23,179 Mack ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 323,488 f Murray ...... 5,558 0.00108 1,298.40 0.00025 106,532 McCain ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 82,928 Nickles ...... 0 0 0.00 0 68,442 McConnell ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 74,054 AMENDING THE PUBLIC HEALTH Nunn ...... 0 0 0.00 0 137,674 Mikulski ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 91,956 SERVICE ACT Packwood ...... 6,300 0.00212 1,469.89 0.00049 62,019 Moseley-Braun ..... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 216,454 Pell ...... 0 0 0.00 0 30,524 Moynihan ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 335,341 Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I ask unan- Pressler ...... 0 0 0.00 0 27,650 Murkowski ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 23,179 Pryor ...... 0 0 0.00 0 48,743 Murray ...... 6,945 0.00135 1,649.73 0.00032 106,532 imous consent the Senate proceed to Reid ...... 12,139 0.00915 6,607.64 0.00498 45,030 Nickles ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 68,442 the immediate consideration of H.R. Robb ...... 0 0 0.00 0 124,766 Nunn ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 137,674 Rockefeller ...... 61,850 0.03413 10,705.35 0.00591 34,593 Packwood ...... 18,300 0.00615 4,198.16 0.00141 62,019 1747, just received from the House. Roth ...... 0 0 0.00 0 28,591 Pell ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 30,524 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Santorum ...... 0 0 0.00 0 182,834 Pressler ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 27,650 Sarbanes ...... 0 0 0.00 0 91,956 Pryor ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 48,743 objection, it is so ordered. Shelby ...... 0 0 0.00 0 81,113 Reid ...... 1,015 0.00076 823.00 0.00062 45,030 The clerk will report. Simon ...... 0 0 0.00 0 216,454 Robb ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 124,766 Simpson ...... 0 0 0.00 0 19,826 Rockefeller ...... 9,802 0.00541 6,368.58 0.00351 34,593 The legislative clerk read as follows: Smith ...... 0 0 0.00 0 34,552 Roth ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 28,591 A bill (H.R. 1747) to amend the Public Snowe ...... 0 0 0.00 0 29,086 Santorum ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 182,834 Specter ...... 0 0 0.00 0 238,468 Sarbanes ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 91,956 Health Service Act, to permanently extend Stevens ...... 0 0 0.00 0 23,179 Shelby ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 81,113 and clarify malpractice coverage for health Thomas ...... 0 0 0.00 0 15,200 Simon ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 216,454 centers, and for other purposes. Thompson ...... 0 0 0.00 0 94,111 Simpson ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 19,826 Thurmond ...... 0 0 0.00 0 72,302 Smith ...... 23,700 0.02133 4,607.24 0.00415 34,552 Mr. BOND. I ask unanimous consent Warner ...... 0 0 0.00 0 124,766 Snowe ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 29,086 Wellstone ...... 0 0 0.00 0 87,939 Specter ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 238,468 the bill be deemed read a third time, Stevens ...... 282,600 0.48143 45,559.29 0.07761 23,179 passed, the motion to reconsider be Thomas ...... 3,619 0.00777 2,082.68 0.00447 15,200 SENATE QUARTERLY MASS MAIL VOLUMES AND COSTS Thompson ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 94,111 laid upon the table, and any state- FOR THE QUARTER ENDING 06/30/95 Thurmond ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 72,302 ments relating to the bill be placed at Warner ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 124,766 Wellstone ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 87,939• the appropriate place in the RECORD. Fiscal The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Pieces year 1995 Total Cost per f objection, it is so ordered. Senators pieces per cap- Total cost capita official ita mail allo- The bill (H.R. 1747) was deemed read cation DAUGHTERS OF MIRIAM CENTER’S three times and passed. 75TH ANNIVERSARY Abraham ...... 0 0.00000 $0.00 0.00000 $140,289 f Akaka ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 29,867 ∑ Ashcroft ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 83,043 Mr. LAUTENBERG. Mr. President, I Baucus ...... 1,532 0.00186 1,249.93 0.00152 34,694 rise today to salute the upcoming 75th AMENDING THE DOUG BARNARD, Bennett ...... 18,550 0.01023 3,275.70 0.00181 30,689 JR. 1996 ATLANTA CENTENNIAL Biden ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 28,591 anniversary of Daughters of Miriam Bingaman ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 30,834 Center for the Aged in Clifton, NJ, a OLYMPIC GAMES COMMEMORA- Bond ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 108,312 TIVE COIN ACT Boxer ...... 15,405 0.00050 3,227.71 0.00010 582,722 much beloved and honored institution Bradley ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 151,392 that provides important health care Mr. BOND. I ask unanimous consent Breaux ...... 1,625 0.00038 401.79 0.00009 82,088 Brown ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 74,406 services to New Jersey’s elderly. the Banking Committee be discharged Bryan ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 45,030 Mr. President, Daughters of Miriam from further consideration of H.R. 2336, Bumbers ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 48,743 Burns ...... 25,000 0.03034 4,811.82 0.00584 34,694 Center was founded as a shelter for and the Senate proceed to its imme- Byrd ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 34,593 aged persons and orphaned children in diate consideration. Campbell ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 74,406 Chafee ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 30,524 the city of Paterson, where I grew up. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Coats ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 111,738 Since its establishment in 1921, DMC clerk will report.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00086 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18669 The legislative clerk read as follows: (g) Section 1716 of title 18, United States Code, (q) Section 521(a) of title 18, United States A bill (H.R. 2336) to amend the Doug Bar- is amended— Code, is amended by adding at the end the fol- nard, Jr. 1996 Atlanta Centennial Olympic (1) in subsection (g)(2) by striking ‘‘State, Ter- lowing: ‘‘ ‘State’ means a State of the United Games Commemorative Coin Act, and for ritory, or the District of Columbia’’ and insert- States, the District of Columbia, and any com- other purposes. ing ‘‘State’’; monwealth, territory, or possession of the (2) in subsection (g)(3) by striking ‘‘the munic- United States’’. Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I ask unan- ipal government of the District of Columbia or of SEC. 3. EFFECTIVE DATE. imous consent the bill be deemed read the government of any State or territory, or any This Act and the amendments made by this a third time, passed, the motion to re- county, city, or other political subdivision of a Act shall apply to offenses committed on or after consider be laid upon the table, and State’’ and inserting ‘‘any State, or any polit- the date of enactment of this Act. ical subdivision of a State’’; and any statements relating to the bill be Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I ask unan- placed at the appropriate place in the (3) by adding at the end the following: ‘‘(j) For purposes of this section, the term imous consent the committee amend- RECORD. ‘State’ includes a State of the United States, the ment be agreed to, the bill be consid- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without District of Columbia, and any commonwealth, ered read a third time and passed as objection, it is so ordered. territory, or possession of the United States.’’. amended, the motion to reconsider be The bill (H.R. 2336) was deemed read (h) Section 1761 of title 18, United States Code, laid upon the table, and any state- three times and passed. is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: ments relating to the bill be placed at f ‘‘(d) For the purposes of this section, the term the appropriate place in the RECORD. POSSESSIONS AND TERRITORIES ‘State’ means a State of the United States and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without CRIMINAL LAW CLARIFICATION any commonwealth, territory, or possession of objection, it is so ordered. the United States.’’. So the committee amendment was Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I ask unan- (i) Section 3156(a) of title 18, United States agreed to. imous consent the Senate proceed to Code, is amended— The bill was ordered to be engrossed the immediate consideration of Cal- (1) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of paragraph for a third reading, was read the third endar No. 243, S. 1332. (3); time, as passed. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without (2) by striking the period and inserting ‘‘; objection, it is so ordered. and’’ at the end of paragraph (4); and f The clerk will report. (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: EXECUTIVE SESSION The legislative clerk read as follows: ‘‘(5) the term ‘State’ includes a State of the A bill (S. 1332) to clarify the application of United States, the District of Columbia, and any certain Federal criminal laws to territories, commonwealth, territory, or possession of the EXECUTIVE CALENDAR possessions and commonwealths, and for United States.’’. other purposes. (j) Section 102 of the Controlled Substances Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I ask unan- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there Act (21 U.S.C. 802) is amended— imous consent the Senate immediately objection to the immediate consider- (1) by amending paragraph (26) to read as fol- proceed to executive session to con- lows: ation of the bill? sider the following nominations on to- ‘‘(26) The term ‘State’ means a State of the day’s Executive Calendar, Nos. 404, 405, There being no objection, the Senate United States, the District of Columbia, and any proceeded to consider the bill, which 406, and nominations placed on the Sec- commonwealth, territory, or possession of the retary’s desk in the Air Force, Army, had been reported from the Committee United States.’’; and on the Judiciary, with an amendment (2) by redesignating paragraph (43), as added and Navy. to strike all after the enacting clause by section 90105(d) of the Violent Crime Control I further ask unanimous consent the and inserting in lieu thereof the fol- and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, as paragraph nominations be confirmed en bloc, the lowing: (44). motions to reconsider be laid upon the (k) Section 1121 of title 18, United States Code, table en bloc, any statements relating SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. is amended by adding at the end the following This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Possessions and to the nominations appear at the ap- new subsection: propriate place in the RECORD, the Territories Criminal Law Clarification Act’’. ‘‘(c) For the purposes of this section, the term SEC. 2. APPLICATION OF VARIOUS OFFENSES TO ‘State’ means a State of the United States, the President be immediately notified of POSSESSIONS AND TERRITORIES. District of Columbia, and any commonwealth, the Senate’s action, and that the Sen- (a) Sections 241 and 242 of title 18, United territory, or possession of the United States.’’. ate then return to legislative session. States Code, are each amended by striking ‘‘any (l) Section 228(d)(2) of title 18, United States The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without State, Territory, or District’’ and inserting ‘‘any Code, is amended by inserting ‘‘common- objection, it is so ordered. State, Territory, Commonwealth, Possession, or wealth,’’ before ‘‘possession or territory of the The nominations considered and con- District’’. United States’’. firmed en bloc are as follows: (b) Sections 793(h)(1) and 794(d)(1) of title 18, (m) Section 1546(c) of title 18, United States United States Code, are each amended by add- Code, is amended by adding at the end the fol- ARMY ing at the end the following: ‘‘For the purposes lowing: ‘‘For purposes of this section, the term The following U.S. Army Reserve officers of this subsection, the term ‘State’ includes a ‘State’ means a State of the United States, the for promotion in Reserve of the Army to the State of the United States, the District of Co- District of Columbia, and any commonwealth, grades indicated under title 10, United States lumbia, and any commonwealth, territory, or territory, or possession of the United States.’’. Code sections 3371, 3384 and 12203(a): possession of the United States.’’. (n) Section 1541 of title 18, United States Code, To be major general (c) Section 925(a)(5) of title 18, United States is amended— Brig. Gen. Jorge Arzola, 000–00–0000. Code, is amended by striking ‘‘For the purpose (1) in the first undesignated paragraph, by Brig. Gen. William E. Barron, 000–00–0000. of paragraphs (3) and (4)’’ and inserting ‘‘For striking ‘‘or possession’’; and Brig. Gen. Tommy W. Bonds, 000–00–0000. the purpose of paragraph (3)’’. (2) by adding at the end the following new Brig. Gen. William N. Clark, 000–00–0000. (d) Sections 1014 and 2113(g) of title 18, United paragraph: Brig. Gen. George W. Goldsmith, Jr., 000– States Code, are each amended by adding at the ‘‘For purposes of this section, the term ‘State’ 00–0000. end the following: ‘‘The term ‘State-chartered means a State of the United States, the District Brig. Gen. Ralph L. Haynes, 000–00–0000. credit union’ includes a credit union chartered of Columbia, and any commonwealth, territory, Brig. Gen. William B. Hobgood, 000–00–0000. under the laws of a State of the United States, or possession of the United States.’’. Brig. Gen. Curtis A. Loop, 000–00–0000. the District of Columbia, or any commonwealth, (o) Section 37(c) of title 18, United States Brig. Gen. James M. McDougal, 000–00–0000. territory, or possession of the United States.’’. Code, is amended in the final sentence by insert- Brig. Gen. William C. Mercurio, 000–00–0000. (e) Section 1073 of title 18, United States Code, ing before the period the following: ‘‘, and the Brig. Gen. Evo Riguzzi, Jr., 000–00–0000. is amended by adding at the end of the first term ‘State’ means a State of the United States, paragraph the following: ‘‘For the purposes of the District of Columbia, and any common- To be brigadier general clause (3) of this paragraph, the term ‘State’ in- wealth, territory, or possession of the United Col. Patricia J. Anderson, 000–00–0000. cludes a State of the United States, the District States’’. Col. William S. Anthony, 000–00–0000. of Columbia, and any commonwealth, territory, (p) Section 2281(c) of title 18, United States Col. David R. Bockel, 000–00–0000. or possession of the United States.’’. Code, is amended in the final sentence by insert- Col. Robert W. chestnut, 000–00–0000. (f) Section 1715 of title 18, United States Code, ing before the period the following: ‘‘, and the Col. Richard E. Coleman, 000–00–0000. is amended by striking ‘‘State, Territory, or Dis- term ‘State’ means a State of the United States, Col. James M. Collins, Jr., 000–00–0000. trict’’ each place those words appear and insert- the District of Columbia, and any common- Col. Perry V. Dalby, 000–00–0000. ing ‘‘State, Territory, Commonwealth, Posses- wealth, territory, or possession of the United Col. William N. Kiefer, 000–00–0000. sion, or District’’. States’’. Col. Robert M. Kimmitt, 000–00–0000.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00087 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S18670 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE December 14, 1995 Col. Robert A. Lee, 000–00–0000. of the calendar be dispensed with, the JAMES FRANKLIN COLLINS, OF ILLINOIS, A CAREER MEMBER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF Col. Paul E. Lima, 000–00–0000. morning hour be deemed to have ex- MINISTER-COUNSELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR AT LARGE Col. Richard D. Lynch, 000–00–0000. pired, the time for the two leaders be AND SPECIAL ADVISER TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE Col. Robert G. Mennona, Jr., 000–00–0000. FOR THE NEW INDEPENDENT STATES. reserved their use later in the day; CHARLES H. TWINING, OF MARYLAND, A CAREER MEM- Col. H. Douglas Robertson, 000–00–0000. there then be a period for morning BER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF MIN- Col. Jon R. Root, 000–00–0000. ISTER-COUNSELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAOR- Col. John L. Scott, 000–00–0000. business until the hour of 11 a.m., with DINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES Senators permitted to speak up to 5 OF AMERICA TO THE REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON. Col. Gerry G. Thames, 000–00–0000. CHARLES H. TWINING, OF MARYLAND, A CAREER MEM- Col. Thomas A. Wessels, 000–00–0000. minutes each, with the following ex- BER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF MIN- ception: Senator NUNN, 25 minutes; ISTER-COUNSELOR, TO SERVE CONCURRENTLY AND NAVY WITHOUT ADDITIONAL COMPENSATION AS AMBASSADOR The following named officer for appoint- Senator COATS, 45 minutes; Senator EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE GRAHAM, 25 minutes. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE REPUBLIC OF ment to the grade of Vice Admiral in the EQUATORIAL GUINEA. United States Navy while assigned to a posi- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without JAMES A. JOSEPH, OF VIRGINIA, TO BE AMBASSADOR tion of importance and responsibility under objection, it is so ordered. EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE title 10 United States Code section 601: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE REPUBLIC OF f SOUTH AFRICA. To be vice admiral DON LEE GEVIRTZ, OF CALIFORNIA, TO BE AMBAS- PROGRAM SADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF Rear Adm. Alexander J. Krekich, 000–00– THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE REPUBLIC OF 0000. Mr. BOND. Mr. President, for the in- FIJI, AND TO SERVE CONCURRENTLY AND WITHOUT AD- DITIONAL COMPENSATION AS AMBASSADOR EXTRAOR- The following named officer to be placed formation of all Senators, it is the in- DINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES on the retired list of the United States Navy tention of the majority leader to begin OF AMERICA TO THE REPUBLIC OF NAURU, AMBASSADOR in the grade indicated under section 1370 of consideration of the House Message on EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE title 10, United States Code: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE KINGDOM OF the Foreign Operations appropriations TONGA, AND AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENI- To be admiral POTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO bill during Friday’s session. It is also TUVALU. Adm. Henry G. Chiles, Jr., 000–00–0000. possible that the Senate will consider JOAN M. PLAISTED, OF CALIFORNIA, A CAREER MEM- BER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF COUN- f the D.C. appropriations conference re- SELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND port, as well as a continuing resolution PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NOMINATIONS PLACED ON THE TO THE REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS, AND TO during tomorrow’s session. Therefore, SERVE CONCURRENTLY AND WITHOUT ADDITIONAL COM- SECRETARY’S DESK rollcall votes are possible on Friday. PENSATION AS AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA IN THE AIR FORCE, ARMY, AND NAVY f TO THE REPUBLIC OF KIRIBATI. Air force nominations beginning Monkia JIM SASSER, OF TENNESSEE, TO BE AMBASSADOR EX- ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 9:30 A.M. TRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED K. Botschner, and ending Nora E. Townsend, STATES OF AMERICA TO THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF which nominations were received by the Sen- TOMORROW CHINA. ate and appeared in the CONGRESSIONAL DAVID P. RAWSON, OF MICHIGAN, A CAREER MEMBER Mr. BOND. Mr. President, if there is OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF COUN- RECORD of November 7, 1995. no further business to come before the SELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND Army nominations beginning Raymond W. Senate, I ask the Senate stand in ad- PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Carpenter, and ending Donald G. Ward, Jr., TO THE REPUBLIC OF MALI. journment under the previous order. GERALD WESLEY SCOTT, OF OKLAHOMA, A CAREER which nominations were received by the Sen- MEMBER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF ate and appeared in the CONGRESSIONAL There being no objection, the Senate, COUNSELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND RECORD of October 27, 1995. at 7:15 p.m., adjourned until Friday, PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE REPUBLIC OF THE GAMBIA. Army nominations beginning Nelson M. December 15, 1995, at 9:30 a.m. ROBERT E. GRIBBIN III, OF ALABAMA, A CAREER MEM- Alverio, and ending Arthur S. Pua, which f BER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF COUN- nominations were received by the Senate and SELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND CONFIRMATIONS PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA appeared in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of TO THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA. October 31, 1995. Executive Nominations Confirmed by The above nominations were ap- Army nominations beginning Virgil A. the Senate December 14, 1995; Abel, and ending James A. Zernicke, which proved subject to the nominees’ com- nominations were received by the Senate and DEPARTMENT OF STATE mitment to respond to requests to ap- appeared in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of A. PETER BURLEIGH, OF CALIFORNIA, A CAREER MEM- pear and testify before any duly con- October 31, 1995. BER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF MIN- ISTER-COUNSELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAOR- stituted committee of the Senate. Army nominations beginning Travis L. DINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES IN THE ARMY Hooper, and ending Fredrick B. Seeger, OF AMERICA TO THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC which nominations were received by the Sen- OF SRI LANKA, AND TO SERVE CONCURRENTLY AND THE FOLLOWING U.S. ARMY RESERVE OFFICERS FOR WITHOUT ADDITIONAL COMPENSATION AS AMBASSADOR PROMOTION IN THE RESERVE OF THE ARMY TO THE ate and appeared in the CONGRESSIONAL EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE GRADES INDICATED UNDER TITLE 10, UNITED STATES RECORD of November 8, 1995. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE REPUBLIC OF CODE SECTIONS 3371, 3384 AND 12203(A): Army nominations beginning Bobby T. An- MALDIVES. SANDRA J. KRISTOFF, OF VIRGINIA, FOR THE RANK OF To be major general derson, and ending John F. D’Agostino, AMBASSADOR DURING HER TENURE OF SERVICE AS U.S. BRIG. GEN. JORGE ARZOLA, 000–00–0000. which nominations were received by the Sen- COORDINATOR FOR ASIA PACIFIC ECONOMIC COOPERA- BRIG. GEN. WILLIAM E. BARRON, 000–00–0000. ate and appeared in the CONGRESSIONAL TION [APEC]. BRIG. GEN. TOMMY W. BONDS, 000–00–0000. JOHN RAYMOND MALOTT, OF VIRGINIA, A CAREER RECORD of November 8, 1995. BRIG. GEN. WILLIAM N. CLARK, 000–00–0000. MEMBER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF BRIG. GEN. GEORGE W. GOLDSMITH, JR., 000–00–0000. Navy nominations beginning Bobby Z. MINISTER-COUNSELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAOR- BRIG. GEN. RALPH L. HAYNES, 000–00–0000. Abadi, and ending Benjamin D. Zittere, DINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES BRIG. GEN. WILLIAM B. HOBGOOD, 000–00–0000. OF AMERICA TO MALAYSIA. which nominations were received by the Sen- BRIG. GEN. CURTIS A. LOOP, 000–00–0000. KENNETH MICHAEL QUINN, OF IOWA, A CAREER MEM- BRIG. GEN. JAMES M. MC DOUGAL, 000–00–0000. ate and appeared in the CONGRESSIONAL BER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF MIN- BRIG. GEN. WILLIAM C. MERCURIO, 000–00–0000. RECORD of October 31, 1995. ISTER-COUNSELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAOR- BRIG. GEN. EVO RIGUZZI, JR., 000–00–0000. DINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES f OF AMERICA TO THE KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA. To be brigadier general WILLIAM H. ITOH, OF NEW MEXICO, A CAREER MEMBER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF COUN- COL. PATRICIA J. ANDERSON, 000–00–0000. LEGISLATIVE SESSION SELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND COL. WILLIAM S. ANTHONY, 000–00–0000. PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA COL. DAVID R. BOCKEL, 000–00–0000. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under TO THE KINGDOM OF THAILAND. COL. ROBERT W. CHESTNUT, 000–00–0000. the previous order, the Senate will re- FRANCES D. COOK, OF FLORIDA, A CAREER MEMBER OF COL. RICHARD E. COLEMAN, 000–00–0000. THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF MINISTER- COL. JAMES M. COLLINS, JR., 000–00–0000. sume legislative session. COUNSELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND COL. PERRY V. DALBY, 000–00–0000. PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA COL. WILLIAM N. KEIFER, 000–00–0000. f TO THE SULTANATE OF OMAN. COL. ROBERT M. KIMMITT, 000–00–0000. J. STAPLETON ROY, OF PENNSYLVANIA, A CAREER COL. ROBERT A. LEE, 000–00–0000. ORDERS FOR FRIDAY, DECEMBER MEMBER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF COL. PAUL E. LIMA, 000–00–0000. COL. RICHARD D. LYNCH, 000–00–0000. 15, 1995 CAREER MINISTER, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAOR- DINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES COL. ROBERT G. MENNONA, JR., 000–00–0000. COL. H. DOUGLAS ROBERTSON, 000–00–0000. Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I ask unan- OF AMERICA TO THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. THOMAS W. SIMONS, JR., OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUM- COL. JON R. ROOT, 000–00–0000. imous consent, when the Senate com- BIA, A CAREER MEMBER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERV- COL. JOHN L. SCOTT, 000–00–0000. COL. GERRY G. THAMES, 000–00–0000. pletes its business today it stand in ad- ICE, CLASS OF CAREER MINISTER, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE COL. THOMAS A. WESSELS, 000–00–0000. journment until the hour of 9:30 a.m. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC IN THE NAVY on Friday, December 15; that following OF PAKISTAN. RICHARD HENRY JONES, OF NEBRASKA, A CAREER THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT the prayer, the Journal of proceedings MEMBER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF TO THE GRADE OF VICE ADMIRAL IN THE U.S. NAVY be deemed approved to date, no resolu- COUNSELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, UNITED STATES CODE, tions come over under the rule, the call TO THE REPUBLIC OF LEBANON. SECTION 601:

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00088 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 9801 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S18671 To be vice admiral PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON OCTOBER PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON SEP- 27, 1995. TEMBER 5, 1995. REAR ADM. ALEXANDER J. KREKICH, 000–00–0000. ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING NELSON M. ALVERIO, FOREIGN SERVICE NOMINATIONS BEGINNING PAULA O. AND ENDING ARTHUR S. PUA, WHICH NOMINATIONS GODDARD, AND ENDING MICHAEL RANNEBERGER, WHICH THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER TO BE PLACED ON WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND APPEARED IN THE NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- THE RETIRED LIST OF THE U.S. NAVY IN THE GRADE IN- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON OCTOBER 31, 1995. PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON SEP- DICATED UNDER SECTION 1370 OF TITLE 10, UNITED ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING VIRGIL A. ABEL, AND TEMBER 5, 1995. STATES CODE: ENDING JAMES A. ZERNICKE, WHICH NOMINATIONS WERE FOREIGN SERVICE NOMINATIONS BEGINNING CAROL A. To be admiral RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND APPEARED IN THE CON- PEASLEY, AND ENDING SARAH S. OLDS, WHICH NOMINA- GRESSIONAL RECORD ON OCTOBER 31, 1995. TIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND APPEARED ADM. HENRY G. CHILES, JR., 000–00–0000. ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING TRAVIS L. HOOPER, IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON SEPTEMBER 22, 1995. IN THE AIR FORCE AND ENDING FREDERICK B. SEEGER, WHICH NOMINA- FOREIGN SERVICE NOMINATIONS BEGINNING HENRY TIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND APPEARED LEE BARRETT, AND ENDING HARRY L. TYNER, WHICH AIR FORCE NOMINATIONS BEGINNING MONKIA K. IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON NOVEMBER 8, 1995. NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- BOTSCHNER, AND ENDING NORA E. TOWNSEND, WHICH ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING BOBBY T. ANDERSON, PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON OCTOBER NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVE3D BY THE SENATE AND AND ENDING JOHN F. D’AGOSTINO, WHICH NOMINATIONS 31, 1995. APPEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON NOVEM- WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND APPEARED IN THE BER 7, 1995. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON NOVEMBER 8, 1995. IN THE NAVY IN THE ARMY IN THE FOREIGN SERVICE NAVY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING BOBBY Z. ABADI, AND ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING RAYMOND W. CAR- FOREIGN SERVICE NOMINATIONS BEGINNING ROBERT ENDING BENJAMIN D. ZITTERE, WHICH NOMINATIONS PENTER, AND ENDING DONALD G. WARD, JR., WHICH S. GELBARD, AND ENDING SANDRA L. WILLIAMS, WHICH WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND APPEARED IN THE NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON OCTOBER 31, 1995.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 03:40 May 29, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00089 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 9801 J:\ODA15\1995_F~1\S14DE5.REC S14DE5 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 2355 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

IN HONOR OF GIRMA ZAID, FOUND- Under Girma's leadership, Grace Home is leading cause of death for all Americans ages ER AND CHAIRMAN EMERITUS also expanding its operations nationwide, with 25 to 44. Medicaid is especially critical to OF THE GRACE WAITING HOME offices opening in Washington, DC; Atlanta, women and children suffering from AIDS. FOR CHILDREN GA; Las Vegas, NV; and Milwaukee, WI. It appears that the Republicans did not fac- Girma has also traveled to Ethiopia and Eri- tor the adverse impact of these devastating HON. JULIAN C. DIXON trea in East Africa to set up programs for dis- diseases into their Medicare and Medicaid re- OF CALIFORNIA placed children. He is currently utilizing his ex- structuring equation. If the Republicans are al- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES perience and talents as CEO of Management lowed to gut $270 billion from Medicare and Wednesday, December 13, 1995 Services International, a consulting firm which $163 billion from Medicaid, the health status of plans, develops, and implements innovative the American people will deteriorate further. Mr. DIXON. Mr. Speaker, today I rise to pay child welfare programs both in the United We must not tolerate the Republicans' blatant tribute to Girma Zaid, a caring, committed man States and abroad. disregard for the needs of the American peo- who has dedicated his life to improving the Despite his busy work schedule, Zaid has ple. plight of abused and neglected children. found time to serve on several boards, includ- Mr. Speaker, the GOP assault on health Girma began to acquire the educational ing the International Foster Care Organization, status and health care services must stop. I tools needed for his crusade for children at the PROVIDERS South Central Los Angeles applaud the President for his veto of the Re- Long Beach City College and California State Residential Facility, and the Martin Luther King publican budget, and I strongly urge my col- University-Long Beach, where he earned his Drew Community Advisory Counsel. leagues to stand up for the American peopleÐ associate and bachelor of arts degrees in so- ciology. Zaid continued his education at the Mr. Speaker, California and the Nation owe vote ``no'' on measures to gut Medicaid and University of California, earning his master of a debt of gratitude to Girma Zaid's pioneering Medicare. social work degree in 1984. work with foster children. His deep commit- f In 1975 Girma combined his education with ment to improving the lives of abused and ne- glected children greatly benefits all of us. I ask TRANSFER OF TWIN CITIES a compassion for children as a children's serv- RESEARCH CENTER ices worker with the Los Angeles County De- that you join me, Mr. Speaker, in paying trib- partment of Public Social Services. Here he ute to this tireless and compassionate cru- counseled at-risk children awaiting reunifica- sader for children. HON. JAMES L. OBERSTAR tion with their families and developed thera- f OF MINNESOTA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES peutic programs for them. Girma's hard work THE REPUBLICAN ASSAULT ON and dedication were rewarded in 1981 when MEDICARE AND MEDICAID Wednesday, December 13, 1995 he was promoted to supervisor of children's treatment counselors, a job in which he super- Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Speaker, on Tuesday, vised a residential facility for neglected and at- HON. LOUIS STOKES December 5, the House unanimously passed risk children. His star continued to rise in 1985 OF OHIO H.R. 308, a bill to transfer certain surplus Fed- with his elevation to deputy children's services IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES eral land in Hopewell Township, PA, to the Beaver County Corporation for Economic De- administrator for the Los Angeles County De- Wednesday, December 13, 1995 partment of Children's Services. As adminis- velopment. The goal of the corporation, a non- trator Girma was responsible for the super- Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong profit entity, is to utilize the transferred land, in vision of children's services for more than opposition to the Republicans' $270 billion cut cooperation with Hopewell Township, as the 2,000 abused and neglected children. He also in Medicare, and $163 billion cut in Medicaid. centerpiece of a Hopewell Aliquippa Airport In- supervised 100 social workers, caseworkers, Cuts of this magnitude will not only devastate dustrial Park, and thereby promote economic and related personnel. these programs, but most importantly, they will development and create needed jobs for the Zaid's crusade took him to the Bay area in seriously threaten the health status of the peo- people of Hopewell Township. 1988 as program manager for the Black Adop- ple which Medicaid and Medicare were de- Mr. Speaker, as I stated during debate on tion Placement and Research Center, where signed to improve and to protectÐchildren this legislation, the Federal Government he developed, implemented, and supervised a and seniors. should be alert to opportunities like Hopewell therapeutic foster care program and helped re- To jeopardize the quality of lifeÐfor millions that link property transfers to airports, indus- view ethnically-matched and culturally-appro- of the most vulnerable in our societyÐfor the trial park opportunities and other core infra- priate homes for dependent children. While in sake of giving a tax break to the wealthy, is structure facilities to create and promote jobs. the Bay area Zaid also served as assistant di- unconscionable. This tax cut giveaway will add The fact is that the only way to create job op- rector of the Department of Social Services for millions of additional Americans to the already portunities to succeed those that no longer the city and county of San Francisco. He re- swollen ranks of the uninsured. exist because of industry closing or disloca- turned to the Los Angeles County Department To gut critical quality of life health care serv- tions is to make property available for new of Children's Services in 1991 as the deputy ices at a time when the health status of Ameri- business to locate there. administrator for the adoptions division. cans is already compromised is irresponsible. The transfer of Federal property, when done One of Girma's crowning achievements Health status statistics confirm that now is not effectively, can reap untold benefits in terms of came in January 1992, when he founded the the time to destroy the Nation's health safety employment, economic development, and eco- Grace Home for Waiting Children and as- net system. This year alone nearly 1.3 million nomic stimulus. sumed the role of executive director. On be- Americans will be diagnosed with cancer, over Such is the case with the U.S. Bureau of half of Grace Home Girma worked with the 500 thousand will die from the disease. Only Mines' Twin Cities Research Center in Min- Los Angeles County Department of Children's about 40 percent of those who get cancer this neapolis, MN. The 225 outstanding and dedi- Services, community leaders, and elected offi- year will be alive 5 years after diagnosis. Car- cated employees have provided world-class cials to ensure a safe, nurturing environment diovascular disease including heart attack and research capabilities for the mining industry for for abused and neglected children. He pro- stroke, cause a death every 34 seconds in the over 85 years. Their research has resulted in vided in-service training as well as foster par- United States, killing more than 900 thousand the development of advanced technologies ent training, and monitored clinical program Americans each year. Nearly half of the 14 that: First preserve and enhance the quality activities. Today Grace Home has three of- million Americans suffering from diabetes are and integrity of the environment; second, miti- fices in Los Angeles CountyÐInglewood, Long not even aware that they have the disease. gate health and safety in the work place; third, Beach, and Panorama City. Offices will soon The gap in minority health continues to widen. improve efficiencies and economics of current be opened throughout the State in San The reemergence and spread of infectious dis- mining practice; and fourth, develop new and Bernardino, Riverside, and Sacramento. eases is on the rise. AIDS has become the more environmentally-friendly mining systems.

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. E 2356 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks December 14, 1995 With the impending closure of the facility, ported to the University of Florida veterinary ship in these positions has certainly shown the Twin Cities Research Center Transition facility. Mrs. Maxwell arranged for the dog's through considering the success and direction Task Force has been developing a vision to surgery and transportation. of the entire Boy Scout community in transform the center into an applied engineer- Maxwell's philanthropies began long before Schuylerville. In addition, their commitment of ing and physical sciences research institute. In she founded Save a Pet. As a teacher and so- 34 years has brought a great degree of con- order to accomplish their mission, the title of cial worker, she served her community and tinuity and success to cub scout operations. In the land, buildings and equipment must be was able to form interrelationships between fact, after undergoing this apprenticeship in life transferred at no cost to the State of Min- people and pets. Every week for 25 years, be- with Mac and Mary, generations of boys and nesota so that the new institute is able to tween 1949 and 1974 she would drive 60 young men have become valued members of lease the facility from the State to work in con- miles to teach underprivileged children. She their families, communities, and Nation. junction with the University of Minnesota. In taught them about the love and responsibility Mr. Speaker, I would add that those who this new arrangement, it may be necessary to involved in owning a pet and the proper way worry about the direction of this country can transfer the equipment to the Natural Re- to treat animals. As a social worker she set up take comfort in the sound guidance offered by sources Research Institute in Duluth, sell programs to bring the love of pets into the people like Malcolm and Mary who have pro- some of the property, and/or manage the fa- homes of inmates and retirees. Mrs. Maxwell moted the popularity of Scouting along with its cilities in an innovative and cost-effective man- provided loving companionship for people ev- principles of community service and moral val- ner. erywhere she went. ues. In that regard, I have always been one to This no-cost transfer of public property will Her interest in solving community problems judge people based on what they return to preserve the research capabilities of the Bu- including prison reform, therapeutic policies for their community. By that measure, Malcolm reau of Mines' Twin Cities Research Center, troubled children and adolescents, and for im- and Mary Farrell are truly great Americans. continue the University's partnership with the proving senior citizen lifestyles earned her the This Sunday, friends and family will join the State, and create economic opportunities for appointment of honorary State's Attorney for Farrell's in celebration and tribute to their dec- Minnesotans and the mining industry. the 15th Judicial Circuit of Florida in Septem- ades of selfless sacrifice and service to Scout- Mr. Speaker, for the reasons stated, this ber, 1981. ing. Mr. Speaker, knowing that many other property transfer is important. That is why in Gertrude Maxwell's philosophy can be a les- Members of this body are also products of the report accompanying H.R. 308 (House Re- son to us all. In her words, Scouting and share my high admiration for the port 104±372, p. 2) language is included di- We do not live alone on Planet Earth. Boy Scouts of America, I proudly ask them recting the General Services Administration to There are other living things here, too. The and all Members to join me in paying tribute expedite negotiations to transfer the U.S. Bu- other living things are the animals whose to Mary and Malcolm Farrell and wishing them reau of Mines, Twin Cities Research Center, useful service shares our homes and hearts, many more happy years, they have certainly in Minneapolis to be used in conjunction with the pets and the wild creatures who are part earned it. of our daily lives. the University of Minnesota. I am pleased with f the inclusion of this language and look forward This compassion for animals including pro- to the transfer. moting their freedom from want, from suffer- A SALUTE TO LIONEL HAMPTON f ing, and from pain is commendable and will not be forgotten. HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL TRIBUTE TO GERTRUDE MAXWELL Mrs. Maxwell has been a true servant to my OF NEW YORK community and I thank her for a lifetime of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dedication to such a noble cause. On this HON. MARK FOLEY Wednesday, December 13, 1995 OF FLORIDA year's Save a Pet Day, and during this holiday IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES season, let us all take time to thank valuable Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay trib- members of our local communities like Mrs. ute to Lionel Hampton, a great artist, a great Wednesday, December 13, 1995 Maxwell, and give them the credit they de- American, a great ambassador, and one of the Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Speaker I rise today to pay serve. greatest musicians America has ever known. tribute to the founder and lifetime Chairman of f In tribute to Lionel Hampton, I would like to Save a Pet, Mrs. Gertrude Maxwell. Dedicated share with you and this House, some of he to protecting the rights of animals, Mrs. Max- A TRIBUTE TO MALCOLM AND highlights of the life of this extraordinary man. well and Save a Pet have saved over 50,000 MARY FARRELL FOR 68 YEARS Lionel Hampton, the reigning king of the vi- pets. And on the upcoming commemoration of OF SERVICE TO THE BOY braphone for over half a century, and one of Save a Pet Day this weekend, I want to share SCOUTS OF AMERICA the few surviving internationally renowned jazz with my colleagues in the House of Rep- talents of the swing era, was born in Bir- resentatives and Senate, and the entire Na- HON. GERALD B.H. SOLOMON mingham, AL on April 20, 1908. He was a tion, the remarkable work of Mrs. Maxwell and OF NEW YORK member of the Benny Goodman Quartet which Save a Pet. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was the first racially integrated group of jazz Founded in 1972 in Illinois, Save a Pet pro- musicians in the Nation, but left the group to Wednesday, December 13, 1995 vides funds for surgery, transport, therapy, form his own big band in the early 1940's. placement of pets in responsible homes to Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, I've been in- His original ballad, Midnight Sun, written provide people with companionship. The orga- volved in Scouting for most of my adult life, with Johnny Mercer and Sonny Burke, has be- nization promotes the idea that relationships and few things have given me more satisfac- come an American jazz and popular classic. between people and animals benefit both par- tion. Scouting has always been and continues His two major symphonic works, the King ties. It has a 100% adoption rate, does not to be an apprenticeship in life, a preparation David Suite and Blues Suite have been per- support euthanasia, and promotes the wide- for citizenship and a source of our future lead- formed by many leading symphonic orchestras spread use of spaying or neutering to end ers. throughout the world. overpopulation and neglect. Save a Pet is That's why I take great pride in drawing Nevertheless, whether you are familiar with strongly committed to educating us to treat your attention to Malcolm ``Mac'' Farrell and his musical accomplishments, over the years, animals humanely with love and respect. Mary Farrell of Schuylerville, NY in my con- Lionel Hampton has known no status where When a 1-year old nameless mutt was gressional district. One would be hard pressed he was not eagerly accepted, as he has been found paralyzed on South Dixie Highway, in to find a couple who have done more to fulfill well received the world over by Presidents, South Florida, Nancy Mizelle found it difficult these missions of the Boy Scouts of America politicians, kings, and queens. His very music to fund treatment. She contacted Mrs. Maxwell throughout their lifetimes. In fact, Mac and has caused the walls of Communist nations to who immediately funded the treatment. ``I Mary have each contributed 34 years of serv- come tumbling down. wasn't going to let an animal die because of ice to scouting. That's a total of 68 years Allow me now to share with you Lionel money,'' she said. worth of guidance for the youth of Hampton, the constituent, the friend, the com- Mrs. Maxwell has connected her organiza- Schuylerville. munity leader. His frame and greatness have tion with various other volunteer agencies to Through their years of service, Malcolm has not let him forget the homeless and the hope- enhance service to pets. In 1994, a 5-year-old held the position of cub master for pack 13 in less. Long a supporter of public housing, he Labrador was shot by a Palm Beach County Schuylerville, while Mary has been the sec- developed the Lionel Hampton Houses in the sheriff's deputy, the dog needed to be trans- retary and treasurer of the pack. Their leader- early 1970's, and upon completion, built the December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 2357 Gladys Hampton Houses, named for his late terms the Milwaukee Times newspaper used frivolous lawsuits while causing significant wife. To this day, those projects are consid- to describe Ruth when she was honored as harm to investors with meritorious claims. ered among the best in the Nation. the 1990 Woman of the Year. By this time next week, President Clinton The Lionel Hampton Community Develop- Just as significant as all of the Ruth's will have had to veto the bill or sign it. At this ment Corp. has built more than 500 low- and achievements is the spirit of community serv- point, I would like to submit for the RECORD moderate-income apartments in my congres- ice she represents. Her willingness to help in- two articles that point out the serious flaws in sional district of Harlem alone. dividual community members of our society as this bill and why it should be vetoed. Lionel Hampton holds more than 15 honor- a whole is what makes her especially deserv- [From the Bond Buyer, Dec. 5, 1995] ary doctorates and received the gold medal of ing of our recognition and praise. Paris, its highest cultural award, from its The spirit of service she actively portrays is CALIFORNIA COUNTIES ASK CLINTON TO VETO mayor, Jacques Chirac. something we see far too little of in this soci- SECURITIES BILL He was appointed to the board of trustees ety. And we all would do well to follow the (By Joe Bel Bruno) of the Kennedy Center in 1991 by President shining example that Ruth has given us. LOS ANGELES.—The California State Asso- George Bush, and in December 1992, he was I know that Ruth will continue to play an im- ciation of Counties on Friday elected a new awarded a prestigious Kennedy Center honor portant role in our community for decades to president—San Mateo County supervisor for his lifetime career achievements as a musi- come, and that America will continue to bene- Mike Nevin—whose first action was sending cian and teacher. Since then, he continues to fit from her dedication, service and hard work. a letter to President Clinton opposing the produce educational events and considers the Mr. Speaker, I urge you and my colleagues Securities Litigation Reform Act. real highlight of his career as having the music in the U.S. House of Representatives to join CSAC, a nonprofit corporation that pro- school at the University of Idaho named for me in saluting Ruth Varnado and in applaud- motes the interests of California’s 58 coun- him, the Lionel Hampton School of Jazz. ing this remarkable citizen for all she has ties before the state legislature and Con- Whether you are black or white, Democratic done, and for all she has meant, to those of gress, contends the reform act will severely hinder local governments’ ability to recover or Republican, liberal or conservative, Lionel us whose lives she has touched. losses related to securities fraud. Hampton represents the very best of America. f ‘‘We need to have the ability to recover f TRIBUTE TO CHARLES ‘‘KEN’’ ZISA losses in the case of securities fraud,’’ Nevin TRIBUTE TO RUTH VARNADO said yesterday. ‘‘We just wanted to let the President know that this bill, if he signs it, HON. ROBERT G. TORRICELLI would make things tough on local govern- HON. THOMAS M. BARRETT OF NEW JERSEY ments and the taxpayers. It would be sending OF WISCONSIN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the wrong message.’’ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The letter to Clinton was signed by 106 Wednesday, December 13, 1995 county and other local government officials. Wednesday, December 13, 1995 Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. Speaker, it is with In addition to CSAC, signers of the letter Mr. BARRETT of Wisconsin. Mr. Speaker, it great respect and admiration that I address include the California Association of County is with great pride that I pay tribute today to my colleagues today to extend my heartfelt Treasurer/Tax Collectors, the city and coun- Ruth Varnado of my hometown of Milwaukee. congratulations and warmest wishes to ty of San Francisco and the counties of Sac- Her many years of community service and Charles ``Ken'' Zisa. On December 18, 1995, ramento, San Diego, San Mateo, Riverside, dedication to making a difference in the lives Alameda, Kern, and Fresno. The letter was Ken will be inaugurated as chief of police of also signed by administrators of several of people are truly deserving of our apprecia- the city of Hackensack, NJ. county retirement systems. tion and praise. For many years, the name ``Ken Zisa'' has A House-Senate conference committee has Ruth was raised in Jasper, AL where she been synonymous with a tradition of commu- cleared the way for final congressional ac- completed her high school education. During nity service, dedication, and love of the city of tion on the bill. The Senate and House are her young adult years, she moved to Milwau- Hackensack. Chief Zisa has dedicated his pro- slated to vote on it on Dec. 5 and Dec. 6. As kee to further her education. fessional life to his career in law enforcement. currently worded, the bill would limit the We all know that Jasper, AL is a long way He joined the force in 1975, was promoted to type of securities-related lawsuit that could from Milwaukee. But I am very grateful that sergeant in 1983, lieutenant in 1989, and cap- be filed, as well as the dollar amount of dam- Ruth made the journey. Her years of commu- tain in 1993. ages requested. nity service span more than three decades, Chief Zisa is a man of the utmost integrity Steve Szalay, executive director of CSAC, and the people of our community have bene- who cares about his neighbors, his commu- said the legislation would have a dramatic fited from her tireless service, dedication, and impact on local governments. The legisla- nity, and his country. He is a man of vision tion was a much-discussed topic at the asso- hard work. who will continue to make the city of Hacken- ciation’s 101st annual meeting in San Jose Ruth has been a leader of efforts to save sack proud of their police department. last week, he said. people from the ravages of guns, drugs, vio- Ken has been a member of HAPADA, the ‘‘Local governments are victims of securi- lence, and crime. Recognizing the importance Bergen County Youth Services Commission, ties fraud; they need access to the courts to of reaching out to people in despair, Ruth PBA Local #9, Knights of Columbus Trinity recover their losses,’’ he said in a press founded the Lincoln Park Community Center Council 747, B.P.O.E. Lodge 658, and Hack- statement. ‘‘Orange County, on behalf of 187 in 1989 and still serves as its director. ensack UNICO. Ken and his wife, Mary, reside independent California governments, is suing Through her work at the center, she has in Hackensack and have two children, An- to recover about $1.5 billion on the grounds helped to expand opportunities for people who thony and Kristen, who attend the Hackensack that the investments made on its behalf were have often felt hopeless. And she has helped unsuitable and violated the California con- public schools. stitution and statutes.’’ to instill in them the values they need to suc- Mr. Speaker, I extend my best wishes to ceed and endure in this society. ‘‘This bill makes it very difficult for local Chief Charles K. Zisa on this most special oc- governments and taxpayers to recover their Ruth's efforts to reach out to inmates in casion. losses in securities fraud cases, and it will penal institutions for insight into the root f give wrongdoers a green light to commit causes of crime have caught the attention of more fraud,’’ Szalay said. local, State, and national leaders including the SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM The letter was drafted and signed by the President of the United States. For the first association’s new board on Friday. Also time in Wisconsin history, inmates nominated HON. JOHN D. DINGELL elected to the association’s board was Yolo Ruth for a volunteer award sponsored by J.C. OF MICHIGAN County supervisor Helen Thomson, first vice president; and El Dorado County supervisor Penney, the Volunteer Center of Greater Mil- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES waukee, and WTMJ±TV Channel 4. John Upton, second vice president. Ruth's civic involvement and her countless Wednesday, December 13, 1995 Nevin represents urban counties, while contributions have earned her many other ac- Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, on December 6, Thomson and Upton represent suburban and rural counties, respectively. One of the asso- clamations and awards. In 1991, she was 1995, the House passed the conference report ciation’s goals is educating the public about named Citizen of the Year by the National As- on H.R. 1058, the Private Securities Litigation the value and need for county programs and sociation of Social Workers. Reform Act of 1995. I am disappointed that services. Founded in 1895, CSAC is ``Boundless energy'', ``fearless'', ``deter- the House approved this legislation. Many ex- headquartered in Sacramento and has a re- mined'', ``compassionate'' and ``tough'' are perts predict that it will only marginally deter search office in the District of Columbia. E 2358 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks December 14, 1995 [From USA Today, Dec. 8, 1995] TRIBUTE TO GENERAL MAXWELL Southern Command, responsible for all Amer- SECURITIES LAWSUIT BILL MAY HURT R. THURMAN ican military national security policy and strat- INVESTORS egy in the region. It was under his leadership (By Christine Dugas) HON. IKE SKELTON that the United States prepared and launched OF MISSOURI Operation ``Just Cause'' in Panama, which A securities law aimed at reducing frivo- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES successfully removed dictator Manuel Noriega, lous lawsuits also may make it harder for in- and helped restore democracy to that strategic vestors with legitimate claims. Wednesday, December 13, 1995 nation. The bill, approved by Congress this week Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, I rise with a General Thurman held numerous awards and awaiting President Clinton’s signature, heavy heart to announce that our country has and honors. His U.S. military decorations in- means ‘‘investors are going to have to take lost a great soldier and friend, General Max- a lot more responsibility for their own wel- clude two awards of the Defense Distin- fare,’’ says Philip Feigin, Colorado Securi- well Reid Thurman. General Thurman, a sol- guished Service Medal; two Distinguished ties commissioner. ‘‘It will be harder to get dier whose career spanned more than 37 Service Medals; two Legions of Merit; the a case started and more difficult to prevail.’’ years, died on December 1, 1995, at Walter Bronze Star Medal with Valor Device (with Among the bill’s provisions: Reed Army Medical Center after a 5-year Oak Leaf Cluster); four Air Medals; Meritorious Companies would be able to say anything struggle with leukemia. Service Medals; Army Commendation Medals; about future performance if they include General Thurman was a principal architect and the Joint Service Achievement Medal. Ad- some cautionary statements. of the all-volunteer Army and served as the ditionally, General Thurman was decorated by The amount of damages reckless wrong- Commander-in Chief of United States South- the Governments of France, Germany, and doers would pay generally would depend on ern Command during Operation Just Cause in Venezuela. He was a master parachutist and their share of liability. So a victim may not December 1989. He learned that he had an held the Army General Staff and the Joint fully recover his or her damages if the main aggressive form of leukemia in July 1990, and Chiefs of Staff identification badges. lawbreaker has claimed bankruptcy. In the retired from the Army 8 months later in March, Since his retirement, General Thurman has case of Charles Keating’s savings-and-loan 1991. been a Senior Fellow of the Association of the fraud, Keating claimed bankruptcy, so dam- Born in High Point, NC, General Thurman United States Army's Institute of Land Warfare ages to victims were paid mainly by account- attended North Carolina State University, and an executive-in-residence at North Caro- ants and lawyers who might not pay so much graduating with a degree in Chemical Engi- under this bill. lina State University. General Thurman also neering in 1953. While at North Carolina served on the President's Commission on A judge would require investors or their State, he enrolled in the Reserve Officer lawyers to pay defendant’s legal fees if a law- Women in the Armed Forces and the Presi- Training Corps and was commissioned an offi- suit were considered frivolous. dent's Commission on Panama. In 1992, he cer in the Ordnance Corps. Early in his career, Investors would have to have specific evi- received the North Carolina Award for Public dence of fraud before they could go to court. General Thurman applied for, and received, a regular army commission in the field artillery. Service for a native North Carolinian living out- Investors still would have only one year His professional military education included at- side the State. In 1995, General Thurman was after fraud was discovered, or three years awarded an honorary doctor of humane letters after it occurred, to file suit. tendance at the ordnance and field artillery basic courses, the field artillery advanced degree from North Carolina State University. ‘‘Now more than ever, investors must go Mr. Speaker, General Thurman was the course, the Army Command and General Staff beyond what companies tell them, and do epitome of selfless service to nation. He was College, and the Army War College. some independent checking,’’ says Maureen always enthusiastic, and unstoppable tinkerer, Thompson, legislative adviser for the North General Thurman held a variety of staff and American Securities Administrators Asso- command positions, both in Europe and the sometimes abrasive, and yet humorous and ciation. United States. In Europe, he commanded light warm when the pressure was off. He was a Because efforts to stretch the statute of artillery and rocket units with the 11th Airborne leader who truly made a difference, and his limitations failed, investors still would have Division, and he saw service in the 1958 Leb- legacy can be found in the magnificent men to check their investment account state- anon Crisis. He served in Vietnam, first as an and women who make up our trained and ments promptly for irregularities. They also intelligence advisor, and later as commander, ready Army. He has our thanksÐhe served would have to carefully document problems 2d battalion, 35th field artillery, during the Tet our Nation well. We will truly miss his leader- and consult a lawyer quickly, says Gerri Offensive. Returning to the United States, he ship and friendship. Detweiler, policy director of the National f Council of Individual Investors. commanded the 82d Airborne Division Artil- But it might be hard to find a lawyer to lery. Other assignments included duty as an THE COALITION BUDGET take investor fraud cases. ‘‘The law tells us instructor at the U.S. Military Academy, the we can’t just have a good case, we must have Army Field Artillery School, and the Army HON. LEE H. HAMILTON a great case,’’ says Matthew Kelly, a lawyer Training and Doctrine Command. who represents investors at Roemer, Wallens In 1979, General Thurman was assigned as OF INDIANA & Mineaux in Albany, N.Y. the Commanding General of the U.S. Recruit- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Securities and Exchange Commission, ing Command. It was during this assignment Wednesday, December 13, 1995 mean-while, is unlikely to pursue investors’ that he helped shaped the post-Vietnam Army Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to cases. ‘‘It doesn’t have the resources,’’ says and helped transform it into the high quality, insert my Washington Report for Wednesday, Kim Schweitzer, counsel for the National As- ready-to-flight force we have today. Under his December 13, 1995 into the CONGRESSIONAL sociation of Securities and Commercial Law- leadership, General Thurman advertised the yers. ‘‘Its mandate is enforcement, not re- RECORD. covery for victims.’’ Army as a place where men and women with THE COALITION BUDGET The measure would benefit investors be- lots of drive and potential could be all that Budget negotiations between Congress and cause companies would have to disclose more they could be, not a safe haven for under- the White House have been difficult, but I information, says Louis Thompson Jr., presi- achievers. This is still the Army's basic recruit- am pleased that all parties have agreed to a dent of the National Investor Relations In- ing slogan: ``Be All That You Can Be.'' common goal—balancing the budget in seven stitute. Promoted to the rank of lieutenant general years and protecting Medicare, Medicaid, And some investors support the bill be- in 1981, General Thurman became the Deputy education, and the environment. Thus, the cause they are fed up with lawsuits that Chief of Staff for Personnel for the U.S. Army. central question to the debate is not ‘‘when’’ mainly enrich lawyers. The bill is aimed at a the budget is balanced, but ‘‘how’’. In 1983 he was promoted to full general and Both sides in this debate deserve credit for small number of ‘‘professional investors’’ appointed Vice Chief of Staff of the Army. He making progress on the deficit. Under the and lawyers who file class-action lawsuits assumed command of the U.S. Training and leadership of House Speaker Newt Gingrich, and take most of the proceeds. Doctrine Command at Fort Monroe, VA in Congress passed one budget version, which ‘‘The money spent by corporations on friv- 1987. During these years it was largely was vetoed by the President. The President olous lawsuits would better serve all share- has presented an alternative proposal, and owners if it remained in the company, result- through General Thurman's inspiration and leadership that the Army's new recruiting and negotiations will continue on a final agree- ing in higher net profits and earnings per ment. Throughout the debate, both sides share,’’ says Kenneth Janke, president of the training programs were implemented and the have moved slowly towards a proposal put National Association of Investors. modern, volunteer professional Army fully forward by the conservative ‘‘Coalition’’, a But the legislation doesn’t only stop frivo- came into existence. group of centrist House Democrats. lous lawsuits. ‘‘It’s a balancing act,’’ Feigin In September 1989, General Thurman was The Coalition budget is a tough and re- says. ‘‘Even good cases might not make it.’’ named Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. markably sensible budget plan. It meets the December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 2359 stringent test of balancing the budget in nates the vetoed budget’s tax increase on I have worked closely with Mayor Tierney, seven years by cutting spending by more lower-income working families. Welfare with labor representatives, with business lead- than $850 billion, and it results in even less should not pay more than work, and this ers, and with a wide range of citizens to sup- debt than the plan vetoed by the President. plan helps families make that transition. port economic development for New Bedford. The Coalition budget does not borrow money 5. It enforces strict compliance: The Coali- to pay for tax cuts and it better protects im- tion budget provides the only meaningful en- All of these groups share the mayor's and my portant priorities such as health care, nutri- forcement of spending cuts to be found in opinion that the casino is a very important part tion, job training, education, and infrastruc- any of the budget proposals. It uses non- of this effort. The very hard working people of ture. Because it does not postpone tough partisan Congressional Budget Office esti- New Bedford have been hit by unfavorable spending cuts, the Coalition plan would leave mates and includes a line-item veto and international trade trends, and by the con- a national debt of almost $100 billion less tough enforcement measures to make it dif- servation driven restrictions on fishing. As we than the Speaker’s budget. ficult for any future Congress to violate this deal with these issues, we agree that the eco- I support the Coalition budget for several plan. This honest approach does not rely on nomic development that would result from the reasons: ‘‘smoke and mirrors’’ to achieve a balanced 1. It puts deficit reduction first: The Coali- budget. It rejects gimmicks like ‘‘unspecified casino is essential in our effort to overcome tion budget makes spending cuts imme- cuts’’, as in the alternative plans. the negative effects of these other trends. As diately, and postpones tax cuts until the Conclusion: I am pleased we have agreed to the mayor notes in her well-documented and budget is balanced. In contract, the Speak- balance the budget in seven years. Congress thoughtful essay, er’s budget would give out $245 billion in tax and the President must now decide how we New Bedford does not look upon gaming as cuts early on and delays unpopular spending balance the budget. To have the long-term a cure-all or quick fix for the local economy. cuts until after the 1996 and 1998 elections. support of the American people, a balanced The impact of the casino falls in two cat- Under that plan, deficits would actually in- budget plan must make tough budget choices egories: employment and tax revenues. New crease in 1996 and 1997. Congress has passed while reflecting the values Americans cher- jobs create new earnings and new spending. balanced budget plans before, but most failed ish: responsibility, honesty, fairness, com- New spending, in turn, increases demands on because they made popular short-term tax passion, and the promise that the future will suppliers, vendors, merchants, contractors. cuts while postponing the tough medicine be better for our children. Only a budget Thus new jobs create the need for yet more until many years later. This means that we that is politically and economically sustain- employment throughout the economy. borrow money to give ourselves a tax cut, able over a period of years will actually Mr. Speaker, because Mayor Tierney leaving our children with the bill. Surely we achieve balance. speaks with great authority on the need for have learned from recent history that when Although differences are large, I believe economic development in the city of New Bed- dessert comes first, we never get to the spin- the American people want us to reach an agreement on the budget. It is the respon- ford, and because on this issue in particular ach. The coalition budget begins spending she articulates a viewpoint that is shared by cuts immediately, and makes gradual cuts sibility of Congress and the President to put until the budget is balanced in 2002. aside partisan differences for the common virtually all of us who are seriously concerned 2. It spreads the sacrifice more fairly: The good of the nation. within the New Bedford area about economic Coalition budget takes a balanced, fiscally The Coalition plan offers Congress and the improvement, and because the merits of In- responsible approach to major entitlement President a real opportunity to find common dian-run gambling operations are now a sub- programs. It trims Medicare costs by allow- ground and unite the American people be- ject of some debate in this body, I ask the ing recipients to choose private insurance hind a tough, honest, compassionate, and Mayor Tierney's article from the Boston Globe plans and charging upper-income enrollees fair balanced budget that reflects basic American values and invests in our future. of Tuesday, December 12 be printed here. higher premiums, but it takes $100 billion [From the Boston Globe, Dec. 12, 1995] less from Medicare than the vetoed budget. The Coalition plan may not be perfect, but it GAMING AND NEW BEDFORD’s FUTURE These Coalition savings are equal to those is a good starting point for real progress on necessary to keep the program solvent for the budget. (By Rosemary S. Tierney) the foreseeable future, keeping promises f The City of New Bedford is not unique made to both today’s and tomorrow’s sen- among older New England cities when con- iors. Medicaid, the program of health insur- MAYOR TIERNEY DEFENDS NEW sidering the economic challenges it is con- ance for the poor, survives at lower levels BEDFORD ECONOMY fronting as the 21st century approaches. As than under current law, and with a spending mayor of this proud and historic city, I be- cap that adjusts for inflation and the number lieve it is unique in demonstrating a frank HON. BARNEY FRANK willingness to acknowledge those challenges of enrollees. It preserves the guarantee of as- OF MASSACHUSETTS sistance to nursing home residents, the dis- and to develop a systematic, long-term plan IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES abled, and lower-income women and chil- for overcoming them. Throughout its long history, New Bedford dren. The Speaker’s budget proposal calls for Wednesday, December 13, 1995 has been bound to both national and inter- much larger Medicaid cutbacks and takes no Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, national economic trends. Whaling and ship- account of future enrollment, inflation, or I have been disappointed recently to read a building dominated the local economy in the recessions. This approach often hits states number of very uninformed attacks on Indian- early and mid-1800s. As the whaling industry like Indiana extremely hard with cum- declined, textiles became the dominant in- bersome block grant formulas that favor run casinos. A number of people have extrap- olated from their own personal opposition to dustry. Companies with such household larger states with less efficient health care names as Hathaway and Wamsutta made delivery. Without the Medicaid guarantee, gambling to make unfounded criticisms of In- New Bedford their corporate homes. The state taxes, local governments, and the mid- dian casinos, to denigrate the very important manufacturing base was broadened by glass dle-class children of nursing home residents economic advantages these casinos have rep- and metal-working factories, such as Revere will bear the brunt of longterm health care resented for American Indians and to inac- Copper and Pairpoint Glass. In more recent costs The Coalition plan also proposes cost- curately claim that they have been a source of times, the city’s economic fate returned to of-living adjustments for social security and the sea. For several years, New Bedford was other federal benefits, but designs those legal problems. In addition, in some cases ca- sinos can be a very important source of eco- the nation’s No. 1 fishing port in the dollar changes so that modest income families will value of its fleet’s catch. New Bedford also not suffer. nomic opportunity for people in addition to In- became a site for quality needle trade indus- 3. It invests in the future: The Coalition dians who live in areas which have suffered tries, Polaroid, Aerovox and the Acushnet budget rejects cutbacks in student loans and economic losses beyond their control. Co.’s Titleist golf ball plant. job training, choosing instead to create new One such area is the city of New Bedford, Today New Bedford faces a challenge from opportunities for younger Americans. It does MA, which I am privileged to represent in Con- the continuing decline in manufacturing, not make cuts in research, technology, and gress. The proposal to establish a casino run coupled with a fishing industry in crisis. export promotion, and it restores funding for by the Wampanoag Tribe in New Bedford has These factors may be beyond local control, education, rural health, research, and eco- but the city can have an impact on the re- nomic infrastructure. Overall, the cuts in been overwhelmingly supported by the people gional economic environment by employing the Coalition budget are 25 percent less se- of that city, who recently voted for it by a 3- its potential resources to maximum advan- vere than the harsh reductions proposed by to-1 margin in a referendum. It has unfortu- tage. the Speaker’s budget. nately been the subject of a good deal of un- Let me cite a few of those advantages 4. It makes work pay, and welfare recipi- founded criticism. I was therefore very pleased being developed in New Bedford: a harbor ents work: The Coalition budget makes to read in the Boston Globe for December 12 with potential to handle increased shipping major welfare reform that balances compas- a very well argued essay by New Bedford traffic; a location close to major transpor- sion with a sense of personal responsibility. tation routes; and airport with a foreign It requires people to move from welfare to Mayor Rosemary Tierney, in which she states trade zone and plans for a $30 million expan- work in two years, and provides limited job the case for allowing New Bedford and the sion; a coastal resource laboratory and aqua- training and child care to those entering the Wampanoag Tribe to go forward with this ca- culture center at the University of Massa- workforce. The Coalition plan also elimi- sino in very persuasive terms. chusetts at Dartmouth. In addition, plans E 2360 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks December 14, 1995 are in the works for establishment of a New staffed by people who will have impeccable encouraging their adoption where necessary Bedford national park and a commuter-rail reputations and integrity and be supported remain a key aspiration of our Nation's policy. link to Boston. by a staff adequate to meet the job. Let us resolve to continue our efforts to en- These projects are being over-shadowed The task of rebuilding New Bedford and today by the debate over casino gaming in the region is vital to southeastern Massachu- sure for all the enjoyment of human rights. Massachusetts and, in particular, the setts. The Legislature has an opportunity to f Wampanoag proposals to develop a casino/- make an important contribution to this ef- HUMAN RIGHTS entertainment complex in New Bedford. Crit- fort by approving the compact between the ics argue that gaming will only provide state and the Wampanoag tribe. The area has short-term economic gains, while the cost to always had an enormous potential for eco- HON. BILL RICHARDSON society in regulation, diversion of funds, nomic growth and development. The gaming/ OF NEW MEXICO crime and related social problems will out- entertainment complex offers New Bedford a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES weigh the benefits. Implicit in these argu- catalyst for the full economic recovery. I ments is that New Bedford is susceptible to urge the Legislature to approve the compact Wednesday, December 13, 1995 promises by developers of a better tomorrow expeditiously and to avoid arguments that Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, I want to because of the plight of its local economy. seem more focused on scoring short-term po- submit for the RECORD Ambassador Madeleine Nothing could be further from the truth. litical points than on seeking pragmatic so- Albright's remarks on the human rights situa- The Wampanoag gaming proposal is the lutions to bring to this state a well regulated tion in Burma to the U.N. General Assembly most comprehensive economic development and managed gaming industry. Third Committee. I join Ambassador Albright's initiative in the history of southeastern f Massachusetts. It will provide some 5,000 endorsement of the U.N. resolution to urge the jobs (plus 3,000 construction and temporary COMMEMORATION OF HUMAN Government of Burma to cease its violations jobs), spur tourism, generate millions of dol- RIGHTS DAY of internationally recognized human rights. lars in revenues for the state and cities and I also want to take this opportunity to com- towns, and allow Massachusetts vendors the mend Ambassador Albright for her tremen- opportunity to contract for services and HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN dous work on this issue. I encourage all Mem- goods to support the gaming and entertain- OF NEW YORK bers to support the work of our U.N. Rep- ment complex. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES resentative as she relentlessly pursues the This is not just a New Bedford issue. It is Wednesday, December 13, 1995 cause of Burmese democracy leader Aung a Worcester issue, a Springfield issue, a Fall River issue, a Taunton issue, a Brockton Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, by Presidential San Suu Kyi. Ambassador Albright had a issue, a Lowell issue. It is an issue each proclamation, December 10±16 has been des- great meeting in Burma this fall Aung San Suu mayor understands: job creation and eco- ignated Human Rights Week. As Americans Kyi. nomic development go hand-in-hand. New prepare to celebrate the holidays and the Recent developments in Burma have given jobs can give hope and opportunity to thou- coming new year, I hope that each of us will us cause for great concern. It is imperative sands of hard working men and women—and reflect upon the blessings we reap because of that the governing State Law and Order Res- can help build a stronger economic future for the deep commitment to human rights that toration Council understand that the United generations to come. States and the international community will not New Bedford does not look upon gaming as America stands for. Indeed the world looks to us as a beacon or hope because of our tradi- tolerate threats or actions that suppress the a cure-all or quick fix for the local economy. advancement of the democratic movement in The impact of the casino falls in two cat- tion of respect for and continual effort to bring egories: employment and tax revenues. New to life the freedoms enshrined in our Constitu- Burma. jobs create new earning and new spending. tion. STATEMENT BY AMBASSADOR MADELEINE K. New spending in turn increases the demands Those who have suffered from a denial of ALBRIGHT, U.S. REPRESENTATIVE TO THE on suppliers, vendor, merchants, contractors. UNITED NATIONS, UNITED NATIONS GENERAL the basic human rights and fundamental free- ASSEMBLY, THIRD COMMITTEE, HUMAN Thus new jobs create the need for yet more doms, that we, in this country, often take for employment throughout the economy. RIGHTS SITUATION IN BURMA, DECEMBER 11, If the local unemployment rate of 9.3 per- granted, known how important the achieve- 1995 cent can be reduced to the statewide average ment of human rights really is. In countries Mr. Chairman, I appreciate this oppor- of 5.1 percent, business in New Bedford and such as North Korea, China, Vietnam, Cuba, tunity to discuss my Government’s decision the area will certainly benefit. It has been Burma, and Bosnia, people struggle to win the to join consensus on the resolution concern- the failure to reduce unemployment through liberty that we have enjoyed for over 200 ing the human rights situation in Burma, de- new or expanded industry that has plagued years. spite some reservations that prevented us this area for years. The Wampanoag project from cosponsoring. In the United States, respect for inter- The resolution reflects a tremendous effort offers the city the opportunity to couple the national human rights has long been sup- project to other initiative, such as the har- by the Swedish mission to develop a strong bor, airport and rail, to make them a reality. ported on a bipartisan basis. We have enjoyed consensus text, and my government endorses It is estimated 25 percent of the gross reve- many successes in advancing human rights, strongly the purposes and recommendations nue at the Foxwoods casino in Connecticut evidenced by the collapse of communism in contained in that text,. comes from Massachusetts residents. Those Europe, the defeat of Communist subversion We join with the other members of this As- are revenues that leave this state by the bus- sembly in urging the Burmese Government in Central America, and in the defeat of ag- to cease its violations of internationally rec- load every day. As Congress shifts federal re- gression in the Persian Gulf. We understand ognized human rights. And we urge the gov- sponsibilities to the states, I urge the Legis- the role that human rights can play in advanc- ernment to begin a substantive political dia- lature not to reject revenue sources that will ing democracy and economic development logue with Aung San Suu Kyi, other demo- be sorely needed in the not-too-distant fu- with free markets. For instance, in the collapse cratic leaders and representatives of ethnic ture. Twenty-three states across the nation groups concerning the future of the country. are beneficiaries of 130 compacts with 115 of communism in the Soviet Union and its sat- ellites, human rights was a key aspect of the These recommendations are at the heart of tribes. Massachusetts would not be the Assembly resolution, and we believe the reinventing the wheel. difference between the quality of life in West- Government of Burma should respond favor- Aside from minimizing or dismissing the ern and Communist societies, and therefore ably to them. economic potential of gaming, opponents became decisive as the people of the Com- The Unites States was not able to cospon- employ the strategy of fear based upon munist bloc rose against their governments. sor the resolution because of three issues threats of increased crime. As mayor of the The importance of restoring human rights that we believe could have been dealt with host community, I am mindful of this threat. has been recognized in the Dayton peace more precisely or urgently. But there is no better prevention for crime First, we would have tempered the lan- than a job. The Wampanoag tribe not only agreement for Bosnia. We hope and pray that guage in paragraph 17, which welcomes the supports strong regulation and has indicated as our troops are deployed, the Bosnian peo- cessation of hostilities between the Govern- a willingness to find its cost, it has encour- ple will seize the opportunity for justice and ment of Burma and various ethnic groups, aged the Legislature to maintain strict over- reconciliation, so that all the people of Bosnia because the Burmese Army has not fully sight over the new regulatory agency to en- can rejoin the community of nations as a free honored those ceasefires. sure that it is composed of top professionals people. In Rwanda, success in restoring an Second, we believe the resolution should with knowledge of accounting and law en- acceptable standard of human rights will de- have included language similar to that forcement. Instead of attempting to under- adopted by the UN Human Rights Commis- mine a proposal legitimately put forward termine whether Rwandan refugees can return sion last spring, encouraging the Secretary- under federal law that will benefit this state home in peace and safety, and rebuild shat- General to hold discussions with the Bur- and its people with economic opportunities, tered lives. mese Government for the purpose of stimu- law enforcement personnel and prosecutors Maintaining international standards for lating progress towards democratization and should insist the Gaming Commission be human rights, promoting these standards, and national reconciliation. December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 2361 Third, we believe specific mention should lowing letter to the Editor in the Trenton Times lation, families, and the youth of the commu- have been made of the International Labor on November 26, 1995. nity with services and programs to assist Organization’s decision last June to con- LET’S HEAR IT FOR QUEEN ISABELLA them. During her tenure, the organization de- demn Burma’s continued use of forced labor and forced porterage, especially of members Nov. 26, 1504, is a milestone in history that veloped a summer camp, an elderly meals of ethnic minorities, for military and civil- should never be forgotten, especially by New program, a day care program, a music school, ian infrastructure projects. The ILO rec- Jerseyans and Pennsylvanians. and the Youth Computer Center created in ommends, and my government strongly Why? Because that’s the date that Queen conjunction with Case Western Reserve Uni- agrees, that Burma should bring both its Isabella of Castile, the great woman who was versity. Ella Becton was a dedicated individual laws and its practices into compliance with instrumental in the discovery of America, who sought to improve the lives of others. internationally recognized standards of passed away at her castle in Medina del During her lifetime, Ella Becton also earned Campo, Spain. workers’ rights. the respect and admiration of her colleagues Finally, we believe that more specific and A year ago, Nov. 6—yes, that far back and urgent attention should have been given in the news just reaching our shores—the and others throughout the community. She the resolution to important events that oc- worldwide BBC/TV in London aired a docu- was the recipient of numerous awards and curred in Rangoon near the end of last mentary for their ‘‘Time-Watch,’’ its peak- honors which recognized her commitment and month. I refer, of course, to the withdrawal audience program, in which their scholarly dedication to service. and subsequent expulsion from the National panel exonerated Queen Isabella of Spain Mr. Speaker, the passing of Ella Becton Convention of delegates from the National from historical lies attributed to her regard- brings to a close a life of love and compas- League for Democracy. ing the Inquisition. sion. Those of us who were the beneficiaries The governing State Law and Order Res- That Queen Isabella did not act out of any of her unselfish devotion will miss our friend anti-Semitic, racial or religious hatred or toration Council, or SLORC, has asked the and colleague. She was a woman of grace world to view the Convention as a represent- bigotry can be firmly substantiated by her ative mechanism for drafting a new constitu- unequivocal condemnation and personal and dignity, and she was very special to all tion and facilitating a transition to democ- interventions to stop riots and acts of vio- who knew her. I take this opportunity to ex- racy. Clearly, it is not that if the National lence against Spaniards of Jewish descent press my sympathy to Ella's mother, Ella H. League for Democracy, which received 60 even before her formal accession to the Wilson, and her loving husband, Leroy. I also percent of the votes in the 1990 election, is throne, and sometimes at the loss of support extend my sympathy to her sons, Leroy, Jr., not free to participate openly, freely and of wealthy and influential partisans. and Aaron, and other members of the Becton without fear of intimidation. We must re- Lastly, an intelligent response to the long- family. God has called Ella Becton home to time assault upon Queen Isabella and her member that the SLORC handpicked all the rest, but she will always be in our hearts. delegates, greatly under-representing those legacy requires knowledge of the actual his- from the democratic movement. tory of her now celebrated reign. f Following the release from detention last So, on this 491st anniversary of her death, INTRODUCTION OF THE MEDICARE July of Aung San Suu Kyi, there were hopes let’s tip our hats, and on April 22, her birth- that the National Convention would, in fact, day, let’s let loose with a big ‘‘Ole.’’—John PREVENTIVE BENEFITS IM- become a meaningful forum for discussion Paul Paine, Philadelphia, PA. PROVEMENT ACT about Burma’s future. Instead, the Govern- f ment has maintained its habit of rigid con- HON. BENJAMIN L. CARDIN trol, and the few representatives of the EXPRESSING SORROW AT THE OF MARYLAND democratic movement and of the various PASSING OF MRS. ELLA H. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ethnic groups have been prohibited from BECTON voicing dissenting views. Tuesday, December 13, 1995 The SLORC has said that its goals for Mr. CARDIN. Mr. Speaker, today I rise to in- Burma include economic prosperity and HON. LOUIS STOKES troduce the Medicare Preventive Benefits Im- multiparty democracy. Burma’s democratic OF OHIO leaders share those goals. The General As- provement Act. This bill seeks to amend Medi- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sembly should continue to express strong care by adding new preventive benefits to the and unyielding support for actions that Wednesday, December 13, 1995 programÐbenefits that not only save lives, but improve quality of life, and will save Medicare would close the great divide that now exists Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, It is with great between what the SLORC professes to want expenditures in the long run. and what it has thus far been prepared to do. sadness that I rise to announce the passing of My bill would improve Medicare by adding In this connection, my Government also Mrs. Ella H. Becton on December 11, 1995. the following new benefits: wants to express its very great concern Mrs. Becton formerly served as executive di- Mammography: The benefit would be ex- about recent statements from Rangoon that rector of the Phillis Wheatley Association. At panded so that all women over age 50 would brand Aung San Suu Kyi and her supporters the time of her death, she was an associate as ‘‘traitors’’ and speak of ‘‘annihilating’’ be eligible for yearly mammographies and the on the staff of the Murtis H. Taylor Multi Serv- deductible is waived. those who criticize the National Convention. ices Center. With her passing, the Cleveland The SLORC should have no doubt that it will Screening pap smears and pelvic exams: be held responsible for any actions that re- community suffers the loss of a dedicated Expands the benefit from the 3-year limitation sult in physical harm or unjust punishment human being. I want to share with my col- so that women of childbearing age or at high against those who have simply engaged in leagues and others throughout the Nation risk of developing cervical cancer are eligible the peaceful exercise of internationally rec- some information concerning a special individ- for yearly pap smears and cervical exams. ognized rights. ual who touched the lives of many. The deductible is also waived. In closing, Mr. President, let me once Ella Becton was the daughter of Ella H. Wil- Colorectal cancer screening: Adds proce- again congratulate the Swedish mission for son and the late Kalep Wilson. She was its leadership on this resolution. Let me re- dures for the purpose of early detection of state my Government’s strong endorsement reared in Birmingham, AL, and went on to colorectal cancer. These tests would include: of its core recommendations in support of earn a bachelor of arts degree in physchology screening fecal occult blood test, screening human rights and a substantive political dia- from Wilberforce University. Ella earned a flexible sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy for logue. And let me re-emphasize my Govern- master's degree in psychology and rehabilita- high risk individuals. The Secretary also would ment’s concern about recent events and its tion counselling at Wayne State University. make a decision within two years about cover- hope that the Government of Burma will re- After completing her education, Ella Becton ing screening barium enemas as an alter- consider its policies and begin now to move began her professional career at the Lapeer native to flexible sigmoidoscopy or down a democratic path. State Home and Training School for the Men- colonoscopy. In addition, changes in tech- f tally Retarded in East Lansing, MI. She relo- nology would be taken into account to update LET’S HEAR IT FOR QUEEN cated to Cleveland, OH where she married the benefit in future years. ISABELLA Leroy Becton, and began working for Voca- Prostate cancer screening: Adds procedures tional Guidance Rehabilitation Services. for the purpose of early detection of prostate HON. JON D. FOX Ella Becton's most significant career chal- cancer in men. The tests would include a digi- lenge came when she was selected as execu- OF PENNSYLVANIA tal rectal examination and a prostate-specific tive director of the Phillis Wheatley Associa- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES antigen blood test. In addition, changes in tion. The association is one of the oldest so- technology would be taken into account to up- Wednesday, December 13, 1995 cial service organizations in the area. Under date the benefit in future years. Mr. FOX of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, I Mrs. Becton's leadership, the Phillis Wheatley Diabetes screening benefits: Adds two new would like to share with my colleagues the fol- Association reached out to the elderly popu- diabetes benefits. First, coverage of diabetes E 2362 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks December 14, 1995 outpatient self-management training services Urological Association, the American Society Public Health Association, Cancer Re- which teach people with diabetes how to prop- for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, the Cancer search Foundation of America, Diges- erly care for their disease and avoid unneces- Research Foundation of America, the Associa- tive Disease National Coalition, Fami- lies Against Cancer Terror (FACT). sary medical complications. Second, Medicare tion of American Cancer Institutes, the Asso- National Breast Cancer Coalition, Na- would cover the costs of blood-testing strips ciation of Pediatric Oncology Nurses, and the tional Coalition for Cancer Survivor- as durable medical equipment. United Ostomy Association. I have also at- ship, The Oncology Nursing Society, Many of you should recognize this package tached a letter to the congressional leadership The Association of Pediatric Oncology of preventive benefits. It is the same as the signed by 15 organizations supporting the Nurses, The Susan G. Komen Breast benefits we included in the Democratic alter- identical provisions included in my bill. Cancer Foundation, United Ostomy As- native Medicare proposal that was considered It is my hope that this legislation will be sociation, The V Foundation. on the House floor earlier this year. In addi- used as a model for the preventive benefit f tion, the coalition budget proposal includes a package that should be added to Medicare as A TRIBUTE TO HEMAYETUDDIN similar package of benefits. President Clinton we seek to reform the system. I encourage my has also included a preventive benefits pack- colleagues to join me in support of this bill and age in his new Medicare proposal. look forward to continuing to work on this im- HON. GARY L. ACKERMAN Congress is currently facing the daunting portant issue as Congress grapples with the OF NEW YORK task of making the most dramatic changes to difficult task of reforming Medicare. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Medicare ever contemplated. We keep hearing NOVEMBER 16, 1995. Wednesday, December 13, 1995 the words ``Medicare reform'' in relation to the Hon. ROBERT DOLE, Mr. ACKERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay variety of plans being put forth at this time. My Majority Leader U.S. Senate, Washington, DC. tribute to one of the very finest diplomats with contention is that if we are to accomplish real Hon. NEWT GINGRICH, whom I have had the pleasure of working dur- Medicare reform, we must make needed im- Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives, Wash- ing my tenure as former chairman of the ington, DC. provements to the program House Foreign Affairs Committee on Asia and Medicare is 30 years old and its benefit DEAR SENATOR DOLE AND SPEAKER GING- RICH: In crafting the future Medicare system, the Pacific. package shows its age. What I am proposing Hemayetuddin is truly an outstanding dip- with these new benefits is not a major cost the 104th Congress would be remiss to over- look the most significant key to the future lomat. He represents his country with dignity, item for the program. Of course there will be health status of our nation’s citizens—pre- pride, and warmth. His knowledge of the work- an upfront investment in these new screening ventive health services. The undersigned or- ings of the U.S. Congress and the American proceduresÐand we expect that cost to be ganizations urge you to include preventive body politic would be impressive for a citizen around $2 billion over the next 7 years based services coverage for Medicare recipients of this country, nonetheless for a foreign dip- during the Reconciliation Conference. upon CBO analysis of earlier versions of the lomat. It was through cooperation with His Ex- bill. However, this is a small price to pay at When details of the draft Republican health plan first became known this sum- cellency Ambassador Humayun Kabir and his the beginning compared to the benefits Medi- very able Minister Hemayetuddin that our Sub- care will reap in the long run by covering such mer, we applauded the foresight of Congres- sional policymakers for including Medicare committee on Asia and the Pacific held the procedures. As we all know, preventive medi- payments for a small number of proven pre- very first hearing ever on ``The Other South cine saves money as well as lives. Early iden- ventive health services. While we recognize AsiaÐBangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, tification of a disease allows less costly, more the fiscal constraints dominating this first and Afghanistan.'' effective treatment techniques to be used. round of Budget Reconciliation decisionmak- Perhaps Hemayet's greatest contribution to For example, in the area of colorectal can- ing, we urge your reconsideration of the crit- diplomatic life in Washington is his passion for cer, the second deadliest cancer in this coun- ical omission of colorectal cancer screening, his native Bangladesh. It was through try, 138,000 new cases will be diagnosed and mammography expansions, pap smears and Hemayet and Ambassador Kabir that my staff 53,300 people will die from this disease this pelvic examinations, prostate cancer screen- ing and reimbursement for diabetes care and and I first learned of the tremendous economic year. Most of these people will be Medicare education. We believe strong bipartisan sup- reforms and opportunities for American busi- beneficiaries. These patients often suffer port exists for including these limited pre- ness in Bangladesh. It was from Hemayet and through years of chemotherapy, surgery and ventive benefits under Medicare. his colleagues that I learned of Bangladesh's hospitalization. In fact, the most recent data In revamping Medicare, now is the time to commitment to a secular, pluralistic society. has shown that colorectal cancer has led to provide reimbursement for: And it was from Hemayet and Ambassador over 125,000 Medicare hospital admissions in Annual mammography screening services Kabir that I learned of the tremendous commit- one year. Each of these admissions led to for all women over the age of 49, without a ment Bangladesh has made to improve child costly diagnostic, surgical and medical thera- twenty percent copayment. Pap smear and pelvic exam screenings as labor practices in a nation struggling to de- peutic interventions. Surely, it is both more well as clinical breast examinations for fe- velop. cost effective and more medically appropriate male Medicare beneficiaries, without While Hemayetuddin is unquestionable a to prevent than to treat this disease. copayments. diplomat of the highest caliber, he is also one To continue using colorectal cancer as the Colorectal screening services for Medicare of the finest gentlemen it has been my pleas- example, this disease is one of the most pre- beneficiaries, including screening of fecal-oc- ure to work with in Washington. He, his lovely ventable and curable types of cancer when cult blood testing, flexible sigmoidoscopies wife, Zeenat Jahan, and their beautiful chil- detected early. Most colorectal cancers de- and colonoscopies. Prostate cancer screening for men. dren have indeed left their mark on this town. velop from benign polyps. Finding and remov- Diabetes care and education, specifically I know my colleagues and I on the House ing these polyps reduces the risk of develop- the coverage of outpatient self-management International Relations Committee will miss ing cancer by 90 percent. training services and blood testing strips for Hemayetuddin and Zeenat. We wish them well Screening for colorectal cancer and other diabetics. at their new post in Beijing. All of us who preventive services included in this bill must We strongly urge that you include the know and admire Hemayet fully expect to see be covered by Medicare if we hope to stem above screening services as part of the re- him back in Washington as his Nation's Am- rising health care costs. We must not continue vamped Medicare program. In the long run, bassador some day. to be ``penny wise and pound foolish'' by cov- providing preventive services to Medicare f ering the expensive treatments and ignoring beneficiaries will save not only money, but more importantly lives. The Senate and preventive services. These efforts are sup- House are uniquely poised to better the lives FOOD AID MUST CONTINUE, H.R. ported by broad-range of organizations rep- of millions of Medicare beneficiaries who 2775 resenting consumers and health professionals. stand so much to lose or gain from this his- The following organizations have endorsed our toric legislative opportunity. HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN bill: the American Cancer Society, the Amer- We respectfully request the opportunity to meet with you at your earliest convenience OF NEW YORK ican College of Gastroenterology, the Amer- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ican Gastroenterological Association, the to discuss including these preventive bene- fits in the final package. Wednesday, December 13, 1995 American Nurses Association, the Digestive Sincerely, Disease National Coalition, the American Dia- American Cancer Society, American Col- Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I have worked betes Association, the American Association lege of Gastroenterology, American Di- long and hard on the issue of world hunger. of Clinical Urologists, the American Founda- abetes Association, American Founda- Key U.S. Government initiatives, like the tion for Urologic Disease, the American tion for Urologic Disease, American Food for Peace and Food for Progress December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 2363 Programs, are the cornerstones of our efforts 5622 note) is amended by striking ‘‘1995’’ and as a Member of Congress who condemned to wipe out hunger. inserting ‘‘1996’’. the Serb aggression to which the international Recently, the Department of Agriculture and f community allowed Croatia to be a victim, I the Agency for International Development ap- CROATIA’S VIOLATION OF nevertheless find these acts in violation of Hel- proached my committee, asking to extend the HELSINKI PRINCIPLES sinki principles to be inexcusable. Tactically, authorities of these programs which are set to they do more to validate the fears of the aver- expire at the end of this year. While a new age Serb than the most efficient propaganda farm bill would be the preferred way of extend- HON. CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH machine, and damage Croatia's image OF NEW JERSEY ing the life of these programs, it is becoming abroad. Strategically, they feed on a cycle of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES clear that will not be possible during this ses- hate, and ensure that Croats will again some- sion of Congress. I have been working with Wednesday, December 13, 1995 day be the victims of that cycle. MorallyÐ Chairman ROBERTS and Chairman LUGAR Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, above all, morallyÐthey are reprehensible, hopefully to preserve these programs while a after nearly 4 years of war, the leaders of and deserve our condemnation. new farm bill is finalized. Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Serbia Beyond this expression, we should consider, Mr. Speaker, today I am introducing a bill have made a tangible commitment to peace. for the new year, the implications of these that has been cosponsored by the ranking The Dayton peace agreement is, as Bosnian policies on our relations with Croatia. If the Democratic member of our committee, Mr. President Alija Izetbegovic stated, an unjust burning, looting, and killing go on; if the in- HAMILTON of Indiana. It protects authorities for dicted are not surrendered; if intolerance con- programs that directly save lives. For example, peace, but less unjust than the continuation of tinues to dominate Government policy; then one-third of all Bosnians depend on this pro- war. We can be hopeful, though, that the we cannot maintain the good, friendly relations gram for food. We can all agree that keeping peace can be more just if there is international the food flowing to Bosnia is a key part of our resolve to keep the signatories to the agree- with Croatia that we may nevertheless want. peace efforts in that region of the world. ment in line with the commitments they have Our State Department may want to consider This bill will extend the authority of the title undertaken, not only in Dayton but, more diplomatic action, such as the recalling of am- II minimum tonnage requirements, the Food broadly, in the OSCE and in international law. bassadors, and possible economic actions as Consultative Group, the Food for Progress Most of us recognize that the chief concern well. Act, and the authorities for Agricultural Exports in this regard will be the adherence to the Let there be no mistake about it, Serb ag- to Emerging Democracies under the Food, Ag- agreement on the part of the Serb militants gression remains the main problem in the riculture and Conservation Trade Act of 1990. who have engaged in aggression and geno- former Yugoslavia. That does not mean we This bill is needed to keep these life-saving cide against non-Serbs, and have undertaken can turn a blind eye to the violations of others. programs functioning while a new farm bill is a massive propaganda campaign to garner f finished. As chairman of the International Re- support from the Bosnian Serb population. VETERANS HOUSING, EMPLOY- lations Committee, I will call on my committee However, there is a real cause for concern re- to mark up this bill shortly. I will also work with garding the recent policies and actions of Cro- MENT PROGRAMS, AND EMPLOY- the Agriculture Committees of both House and atia, and the Bosnian Croats over whom it ex- MENT RIGHTS BENEFITS ACT OF Senate as well as the administration to seek ercises control. 1995 its swift passage in the Congress. For example, since retaking last summer SPEECH OF I request that the full text of H.R. 2775 be territory occupied by Serb militants, Croatian inserted at this point in the RECORD. authorities have tolerated and even encour- HON. SAM FARR H.R. 2775 aged the harassment of fleeing Serbs, the OF CALIFORNIA Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- looting and burning of their property, and the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES resentatives of the United States of America in killing of dozens of SerbsÐmany elderlyÐwho Tuesday, December 12, 1995 Congress assembled, remained behind, in their homes. I commend SECTION 1. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITIES UNDER my colleague and fellow Helsinki commis- Mr. FARR. Mr. Speaker, yesterday the PUBLIC LAW 480. House of Representatives voted for legislation (a) LEVELS OF ASSISTANCE FOR TITLE II.— sioner, FRANK WOLF, for taking the lead in (1) MINIMUM ASSISTANCE.—Section raising this issue here in Congress. to ensure continued assistance to our Nation's 204(a)(1)(E) of the Agricultural Trade Devel- Croatia held elections in October of this veterans. I voted for this bill, the Veterans opment and Assistance Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C. year in an effort to capitalize on military suc- Housing and Employment Rights Benefits Act, 1724(a)(1)(E)) is amended by striking ‘‘for fis- cesses. By severely cutting back the represen- which would permanently extend programs cal year 1995’’ and inserting ‘‘for each of the tation of the Serb community in the par- which provide invaluable assistance to our Na- fiscal years 1995 and 1996’’. tion's veterans and military retirees. (2) MINIMUM NON-EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE.— liament, the electoral process sent departed Section 204(a)(2)(E) of such Act (7 U.S.C. Serbs the message that they are not welcome The bill would extend a number of important 1724(a)(2)(E)) is amended by striking ‘‘for fis- back. At the same time, they sought to sway home-loan programs. One such program per- cal year 1995’’ and inserting ‘‘for each of the the loyalties of Croats from Bosnia and mits veterans to negotiate for favorable inter- fiscal years 1995 and 1996’’. Herzegovina by giving them large representa- est rates and terms for mortgages. Another (b) FOOD AID CONSULTATIVE GROUP.—Sec- tion in parliament. While observers concluded service allows veterans to get mortgage loans tion 205(f) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 1725(f)) is with interest rates fixed by the Department of amended by striking ‘‘1995’’ and inserting the elections to be free, controls on the media ‘‘1996’’. and other subtle manipulations of the electoral Veterans Affairs. A third program extended by (c) EXPIRATION DATE FOR ASSISTANCE.— process made them less than fair. the bill allows veterans to secure mortgages Section 408 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 1736b) is Croatia states its readiness to cooperate for energy-saving improvements to their amended by striking ‘‘1995’’ and inserting with the International Tribunal in the Hague homes. ‘‘1996’’. where alleged war criminals from the former All of these services allow veterans, who SEC. 2. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITIES UNDER THE Yugoslavia are to be tried, but in reality the often do not have the collateral or financial re- FOOD FOR PROGRESS ACT OF 1985. sources normally needed to purchase a home, (a) EFFECTIVE AND TERMINATION DATES.— Croatian Government has refused to do so. Section 1110 of the Food Security Act of 1985 One indicted Bosnian Croat general, Tihomir a chance to pursue the American dream of (known as the ‘‘Food for Progress Act of Blaskic, was transferred to the Croatian Army owning and maintaining their own home. 1985’’; 7 U.S.C. 1736o) is amended in sub- rather than surrendered to the court, while Other programs reauthorized by the bill in- section (k) by striking ‘‘1995’’ and inserting Ivica Rajic, a Bosnian Croat commander in- clude the Homeless Veterans Employment ‘‘1996’’. dicted for his role in the slaughter of civilians Program, and the VA program providing hous- (b) ADDITIONAL ASSISTANCE IN ADMINISTRA- at the village of Stupni Do; was just released ing assistance to homeless veterans. It also TION OF FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS.—Sec- tion 1110 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 1736o) is from custody by Bosnian Croat authorities who makes changes to current law to help veter- amended in subsection (l)(1) by striking were holding him for unrelated reasons. ans further and prevent discrimination against ‘‘1995’’ and inserting ‘‘1996’’. Last Sunday's newspaper reported on the veteransÐsuch as a measure ensuring that SEC. 3. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITIES FOR AGRI- massive burning and destruction of property in employers cannot force employees to use CULTURAL EXPORTS TO EMERGING Croat-controlled parts of Bosnia and their vacation time to participate in military DEMOCRACIES UNDER THE FOOD, training programs. AGRICULTURE, CONSERVATION, AND Herzegovina that are to become parts of the TRADE ACT OF 1990. Serb entity under the Dayton agreements. I thank my colleagues, Chairman BOB Section 1542(a) of the Food, Agriculture, These actions, Mr. Speaker, are an outrage. STUMP and Representative SONNY MONTGOM- Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. As chairman of the Helsinki Commission, and ERY, for bringing this important legislation to E 2364 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks December 14, 1995 the House floor. It is my hope that we shall Proposed development and urbanization of Please support this budget-friendly preser- soon see this bill signed into law. this area will destroy a great bounty of natural vation of land that actually needs the Federal f resources to the entire Northeast. Further- Government protection. Support the Federal more, if the land is developed, the water that Lands Prioritization Act of 1995. THE STERLING FOREST flows from Sterling Forest could become pol- luted. The only viable solution at that point f HON. WILLIAM J. MARTINI would be to build a water treatment center at OF NEW JERSEY the cost of $150 million to New Jersey tax- EXTENDING AU PAIR PROGRAMS, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES payers. Not only would this cost the taxpayers H.R. 2767 Wednesday, December 13, 1995 revenue they just don't have, but it is, at best, a second-rate solution. Truthfully, Mr. Speak- Mr. MARTINI. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased er, there is just no comparison between treat- HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN today to introduce, along with my colleagues ed water and water from a natural watershed OF NEW YORK RICHARD POMBO and FRANK LUCAS, the Fed- such as Sterling Forest. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES eral Lands Prioritization Act of 1995. This leg- Sterling Forest is an issue of national signifi- islation will sell idle public lands deemed point- cance, involving one of Government's most Wednesday, December 13, 1995 less for Federal ownership and will use the essential functions: the preservation of a vital, proceeds to purchase Sterling Forest; there- Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro- life-sustaining resourceÐwater. As stated be- ducing a bill to extend the authorization for a fore ending the funding deadlock that has ex- fore, Sterling Forest provides clean water for 2 isted in Congress with regard to Sterling For- program important to many American families. million Americans in New Jersey aloneÐa fact This measure renews the authority for the Au est. that transcends any suggestion of parochial in- With the help of Representatives POMBO Pair program that expired on September 30. terests. This bipartisan measure includes as original and LUCAS, I now introduce a bill that, not only For this reason, an alliance of governmental sponsors the ranking Democrat on the Inter- saves Sterling Forest, but also specifies a agencies and public interest groups have national Relations Committee, the gentleman funding source for its acquisition. Last week I joined together in the fight to save this vital re- from Indiana, Mr. Hamilton, the chairman of heard of Representative FRANK LUCAS' desire source. This legislation sets up a management the International Operations and Human to sell public lands in Oklahoma and ap- and fiscal partnership between all levels of Rights Subcommittee, Mr. Smith of New Jer- proached Representative POMBO of the House Government. In fact, purchasing this land is sey the gentlelady from Maryland, Mrs. Resources Committee to propose that Sterling just a one-time expense. The Department of Morella, the gentleman from Virginia, Mr. Forest be the beneficiary of funds from those the Interior will not be burdened by the costs Moran, the gentleman from California Mr. Federal lands being reverted to private owner- of managing and maintaining the forest, for Baker, the gentleman from Virginia, Mr. Wolf, ship. this will be done jointly by New York and New and the gentleman from Virginia, Mr. Davis. Together, we were able to propose a bill Jersey. A partnership such as this of local, that makes the Federal land acquisition proc- State, and Federal Government is positive for This measure will: Extend the authority for ess more fiscally responsible, and sets a all involved and should serve as a model for the program for 2 years; open it up to world precedent that the Federal Government future land acquisition. It is our responsibility wide participation; lift the limitation on the reprioritize its land holding policies and to protect Sterling Forest and assure an ample number of organizations that may participate streamline its inventory to better target budget water supply for generations to come. and manage an au pair program; and, require resources and meet environmental goals. It is important to note that there is a biparti- the U.S. Information Agency to report on the As a Passaic County Freeholder, I under- san consensus to save Sterling Forest. Sen- compliance of the au pair organizations with stood early on the need to take action to pro- ator BILL BRADLEY of New Jersey has already recently adopted regulations. tect Sterling Forest. In fact, during my service sponsored a bill in the U.S. Senate, Gov. Many families rely on the au pair program on the Passaic County Board of Freeholders, Christine Todd Whitman of New Jersey signed for their child care and particularly welcome the board was the first entity to secure part of the appropriation and authorization of $10 mil- the opportunity to broaden their children's ex- Sterling Forest in 1993Ðpurchasing 2,000 lion toward the project, and Gov. George perience by having someone from another acres. I have since been looking forward to Pataki of New York approved the 1995±96 country live with them for a year. The lapse in the day that the reserve would have complete budget including $18 million for land conserva- the program has caused untold inconvenience Federal protection. Selling dead-weight public tion. Many members in the New Jersey dele- to many families turning their child care plans lands to buy Sterling Forest is a fiscally re- gation have been active in the collective pur- upside down. It is time to fix this problem. sponsible solution to a decade-old stalemate. suit of this achievement, and I commend them Accordingly, I am pleased to be able to in- Located in southern New York and border- for all they have done. troduce this bipartisan bill and will seek rapid ing northern New Jersey, Sterling Forest, in its The States and the Federal Government consideration by both Houses of Congress. current undeveloped State, is important to the have been working to preserve this vital re- I request that the entire text of H.R. 2767 be residents of both States for a variety of rea- source to insure that Sterling Forest is around inserted at this point in the RECORD. sons. to meet both the recreation and environment Sterling Forest is a 17,500-acre water and needs of the area. It is time that we realize H.R. 2767 recreational reserve that area residents and our goals. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- public officials have repeatedly requested the No matter how you look at this project, sav- resentatives of the United States of America in Federal Government protect. Stalls in the ac- ing the forest yields no negative repercus- Congress assembled, tual purchase have been attributed to budget- sions. The preservation of a vital source of SECTION 1. EXTENSION OF AU PAIR PROGRAMS. cutting times and the concern about adding water to one of the most populated areas of (a) REPEAL.—Section 8 of the Eisenhower more public land to the already bloated Fed- the country is not simply a laudable aspiration, Exchange Fellowship Act of 1990 (Public Law eral Government inventory. but rather a necessary undertaking. Further- 101–454) is repealed. As a recreational area for New York and more, the residents are opposed to develop- (b) AUTHORITY FOR AU PAIR PROGRAMS.— New Jersey, Sterling Forest offers a haven for ment; the local governments are opposed to The Director of the United States Informa- families and individuals interested in leaving development; and the taxpayers are opposed tion Agency is authorized to continue to ad- behind stresses of everyday life. The pictur- to development. minister an au pair program, operating on a esque beauty of this natural sanctuary pro- Three sites totalling 56,000 acres will be put world-wide basis, through fiscal year 1997. vides a wide variety of outdoor activities for up for sale to the private sector: Optima (c) REPORT.—Not later than October 1, 1996, the enjoyment of everyone. Sterling Forest ``Lake''Ðthe failed flood control project, which the Director of the United States Informa- even serves as a connections to the Northeast now consists of a 17,000-foot earthen dam tion Agency shall submit a report regarding with the Appalachian trail winding its way and a dry lake bed (13,500 acres), Black Ket- the continued extension of au pair programs through the forest's rough terrain. tle National Grasslands (30,710 acres), and to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Inter- Most importantly, however, Sterling Forest is Rita Blanca National Grasslands (13,576 national Relations of the House of Rep- a watershed for most of northern New Jersey acres). Both Black Kettle and Rita Blanca are resentatives. This report shall specifically and the surrounding area. It provides nearly 2 odd-lot Federal tracts. These proceeds will be detail the compliance of all au pair organiza- million New Jersey residents with clean and earmarked for the purchase of the Washita tions with regulations governing au pair pro- safe drinking water. National Battlefield and Sterling Forest. grams as published on February 15, 1995. December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 2365 AMERICA’S FORGOTTEN ATOMIC lion children have been killed, more than 4 cannabis products were widely prescribed by HEROES million disabled, 5 million forced into refugee physicians in the United States until 1937; camps, and 12 million rendered homeless. and The United Nations Children's Fund Being aware that ‘‘marijuana’’ prohibition HON. BILL RICHARDSON began with the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 OF NEW MEXICO [UNICEF], a special program of the United Na- under false claims despite disagreeing testi- tions established on December 11, 1946, is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mony from the AMA’s representative; and dedicated to the health and welfare of chil- Being further aware that the Controlled Wednesday, December 13, 1995 dren, who represent the future of our world. Substances Act of 1970 completely prohibited Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, today, I UNICEF's annual report on the State of the all medicinal use of marijuana by placing it would like to talk about forgotten heroes. As World's Children, released this week, high- in the most restrictive category of Schedule we contemplate sending United States troops lights its success in combating disease, hun- I, whereby drugs must meet three criteria for placement in this category: 1) have no to Bosnia, we would be well-served to remem- ger, and death among the world's children. therapeutic value, 2) are not safe for medical ber the fates of those men and women known UNICEF's immunization, sanitation, and nu- use, and 3) have a high abuse potential; and as Atomic Veterans. Most Americans, and trition programs have helped reduce child mor- Being cognizant that the Drug Enforce- maybe many of us here in Congress, are not tality rates by 50 percent in the last 30 years. ment Administration’s own administrative aware that there exists today a group of veter- Every year, UNICEF provides oral vaccines law judge ruled in 1988 that marijuana must ans who were exposed to ionizing radiation and other medicines that save the lives of 3 be removed from Schedule I and made avail- while in the U.S. military in Hiroshima and Na- million children. In 1994, UNICEF's close co- able for physicians to prescribe; and operation with various international food pro- Knowing that 36 states have passed legisla- gasaki, in the nuclear and thermonuclear tests tion recognizing marijuana’s therapeutic in the Pacific, and the Nevada nuclear tests. grams helped feed 57 million hungry people. value; and Some were directly exposed, some were ex- Given the tight budgetary constraints pres- Also knowing that the only available ac- posed by cleaning up contaminated sites, ently facing the United States, we need to use cess to legal marijuana which was through ships, or aircraft. Some, sadly, lost their lives. our limited resources wisely. I believe that our the Food and Drug Administration’s Inves- And, in the 50 years since nuclear testing interests include UNICEF programs benefitting tigational New Drug Program has been began, many of our Atomic Veterans have fall- millions of children in developing nations. I am closed by the Secretary of Health and en ill from exposure and, today, probably more pleased that this year's Foreign Aid appropria- Human Services since 1991; and tions bill would create the Child and Disease Understanding that while synthetic than half of them are dead. Tetrahydrocannibinol (THC) is available in Our Government has recognized more than Program's Fund, to include such programs as pill form, it is only one of approximately 60 40 cancers and conditions that are caused by AIDS prevention, nutrition, polio eradication, cannabinoids which may have medicinal exposure to ionizing radiation, but only the 13 an infectious disease surveillance system, and value individually or in some combination; named in PL100±321 and 2 in PL102±578 are funding for blind children. and deemed presumptive. Many of the Atomic Vet- One of the central principles behind the cre- Understanding that marijuana has an ex- erans don't think these laws go far enough. ation of UNICEF is that action taken today to tremely wide acute margin of safety for use under medical supervision and cannot cause They tell me that the law we passed in 1984, prevent disease and malnutrition will save us money in future years. An example is the fight lethal reactions; and PL93±542, under which most radiation claims Understanding that marijuana has been re- are adjudicated, do not go far enough. They to eradicate polio. Although there have been ported to be effective in: a) reducing intra- say, in fact, that we have a double standard. no reported cases of polio in the Western ocular pressure in glaucoma; b) reducing The Marshall Islands Nuclear Claims Tribunal hemisphere or in Europe for 3 years, experts nausea and vomiting associated with chemo- Act of 1987, as amended, gives compensation estimate that funding for immunizations must therapy; c) stimulating the appetite for pa- to Marshall Islanders, presumptively, for can- continue for another 5 years to ensure that the tients living with AIDS (acquired cers and conditions that are denied to U.S. disease is eliminated. Failure to contribute to immunodeficiency syndrome) and suffering from the wasting syndrome; d) controlling servicemen. These veterans are exposed at this effort could lead to a resurgence of polio, and a drastic increase in the cost of combat- spasticity associated with spinal cord injury the same time and places as the Marshall Is- and multiple sclerosis; e) decreasing the suf- landers. Does that sound fair to you? ing the spread of disease. fering from chronic pain; and f) controlling The President's Advisory Committee on UNICEF will celebrate its 50th anniversary seizures associated with seizure disorders; Human Radiation Experiments issued their in 1996. We should honor the successes of and final report of over 900 pages on October 3, the last 50 years, but we must also prepare Understanding that marijuana seems to 1995. President Clinton apologized on behalf for the next 50 years. As we work for a better work differently than may conventional of the United States for the human experi- world for our children, UNICEF's programs are medications for the above problems, making it a possible option for persons resistant to ments performed on both civilians and the worthy of our continued support. f the conventional medications; and military. The report brought some long-over- Being concerned that desperate patients due recognition by the executive branch of AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSO- and their families are choosing to break the Government. Today, I would like to ask Con- CIATION ENDORSES MEDICAL law to obtain this medicine when conven- gress to recognize the Atomic Veterans, USE OF MARIJUANA tional medicines or treatments have not throughout the country, for their valor and been effective for them or are too toxic; and service. I know many of my colleagues join Realizing that this places ill persons at risk for criminal charges and at risk for ob- me in thanking them for their sacrifice, and I HON. BARNEY FRANK OF MASSACHUSETTS taining contaminated medicine because of know many of you will join me in working with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the lack of quality control; and the Veterans Administration to equalize the Realizing that thousands of patients not standards for those veterans with radioactive Thursday, December 14, 1995 helped by conventional medications and cancers and diseases. Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, treatments, may find relief from their suffer- f recently I introduced legislation which would ing with the use of marijuana if their pri- allow physicians to prescribe marijuana when mary care providers were able to prescribe UNICEF: 49 YEARS AND COUNTING this medicine; and in their judgment it is medically appropriate to Concluding that cannabis/marijuana was do so. I first became a supporter of this legis- wrongfully placed in Schedule I of the Con- HON. THOMAS M. BARRETT lation more than a decade ago, when it was trolled Substances depriving patients of its OF WISCONSIN introduced by our late colleague, the gen- therapeutic potential. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tleman from Connecticut Mr. McKinney. I was Recognizing the APHA adopted a resolu- tion (7014) on Marijuana and the Law which Thursday, December 14, 1995 recently advised of a resolution passed by The American Public Health Association which urged federal and state drugs laws to exclude Mr. BARRETT of Wisconsin. Mr. Speaker, supports the concept embodied in the legisla- marijuana from classification as a narcotic for those of us lucky enough to grow up in an drug; and tion I have introduced and I ask that this reso- Concluding that greater harm is caused by environment free of civil war and famine, it lution be printed here. can be difficult to imagine the hardships that the legal consequences of its prohibition ACCESS TO THERAPEUTIC MARIJUANA/ than possible risks of medicinal use; there- confront millions of children every day in CANNABIS fore places like Bosnia and Rwanda. At least 40 The American Public Health Association: 1. Encourages research of the therapeutic conflicts are currently raging throughout the Being aware that cannabis/marijuana has properties of various cannabinoids and com- world, and as a result, approximately 1.5 mil- been used medicinally for centuries and that binations of cannabinoids; and E 2366 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks December 14, 1995 2. Encourages research on alternative eral population assistance to poor countries, have achieved military superiority over the methods of administration to decrease the so long as it continues to support voluntary Bosnian Government troops. harmful effects related to smoking; and family planning programs in the People’s 3. Urges the Administration and Congress Republic of China. The rationale behind Instead, we prevented the Bosnian Govern- to move expeditiously to make cannabis these votes is rooted in allegations that the ment forces from defending themselves while available as a legal medicine where shown to Chinese national population program relies Serbia armed the Bosnian Serbs. This policy be safe and effective and to immediately on coercive abortion, though not a dime of led to more than 200,000 deaths and created allow access to therapeutic cannibis through U.N. assistance to China has ever been found more than 2 million refugees. the Investigational New Drug Program. to finance abortion, forced or voluntary, there or anywhere else. Having suffered the consequences of one f Ironically, the net effect of withdrawing bad policy decision, we now face another. WORLD HAS A CHOICE: FAMILY U.S. assistance to the fund (the 1996 con- However, this time, we are risking not only PLANNING OR CHAOS tribution request for that agency is $35 mil- more Bosnian lives, but American lives as lion) does little to penalize China. But it well. does needlessly punish women and children HON. CHARLES WILSON in the world’s poorest countries that seek The greatest flaw in the administration's cur- rent strategy is that peace has not yet been OF TEXAS agency support and who are placed in harms way as potential victims of pregnancies that achieved. There will be no peace as long as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES occur too soon, too frequently and too close- there are 4,000 or more foreign Moslem fight- Thursday, December 14, 1995 ly spaced. ers in Bosnia. There will be no peace as long In fact, there are an estimated 350 million as the Bosnia Croats refuse to fully cooperate Mr. WILSON. Mr. Speaker, as the ranking couples in the world who do not have access minority member of the Appropriations Com- with the International War Crimes Tribunal. In to a full range of family planning services, addition, there will be no peace as long as mittee on Foreign Operations I wanted to bring and it has been conservatively estimated to everyone's attention once again an issue that 120 million of these couples would use rank-and-file Bosnina Serbs continue to op- which we cannot ignore and which figured these services if they were available. pose the peace plan. prominently in floor debate yesterday. But the irony does not stop there. The U.N. All sides in this conflict have a considerable We cannot keep putting money toward eco- Population Fund’s assistance to China and amount of work to do before peace can be 140 other countries is primarily in the areas nomic assistance in developing countries with- achieved. Until all of the parties demonstrate of establishing and strengthening the deliv- their commitment to ending the bloodshed, out first addressing the population problem ery of conventional modern family planning through family planning funding. Continuing to information, education and services. Under long-term peace will not be possible, regard- turn our backs on this issue and relying solely its mandate, the fund cannot be involved in less of the number of troops that are used to on development aid is like pouring water in a the delivery of abortion services. separate the warring parties. leaky bucket. It should be remembered that China with As long as there is no meaningful peace, The Houston Chronicle recently ran an op- 1.2 billion people, is the most populous coun- United States troops deployed in Bosnia will try in the world. By the year 2030, the popu- ed piece that address these concerns very serve as convenient targets for rogue units well. I submit it now, for your consideration. lation of China is expected to consume an amount of grain equivalent to the entire frustrated by their inability to attack their real [From the Houston Chronicle, Dec. 11, 1995] world grain production of 1994. enemy. Even though, as Commander in Chief, WORLD HAS A CHOICE: FAMILY PLANNING OR The U.S. Senate, contending there is a suf- the President has the constitutional authority CHAOS ficient safeguard in the existing prohibition to commit United State soldiers to Bosnia, I (By Werner Fornos) against the U.N. agency using any funds in cannot support a plan that does not minimize China that have been contributed by the the risks to, and maximize the security of, our As the year draws to a close, the con- United States, has rejected both efforts of sequences of rapid population growth in a troops, especially a deployment that is not the House of Representatives to cut off the vital to our national security interest. world that already has more than 5.7 bil- contribution to the Population Fund. lion—79 percent of them living in the world’s The Senate apparently understands what I fully support every man and woman who poorest countries and regions—are being the House cannot seem to grasp: Family has volunteered to serve in our armed serv- brought into sharp focus. planning is the first line of defense against ices. I have the greatest admiration for these Some 600,000 square miles of forest have abortion. been cut in the last 10 years, much of it at- men and women, and they enjoy my un- tributable to the need for more living space f equivocal support, whether they are here or and firewood, still the main source of cook- abroad. By deciding to deploy our troops in ing and heating fuel in the developing world. REPORT ON RESOLUTION PROVID- Bosnia under the current plan for a mission Twenty-six billion tons of topsoil have ING FOR DEBATE AND CONSID- that is not vital to our national security inter- been lost. ERATION OF THREE MEASURES ests, the President has not properly minimized Regional fresh water supplies are dan- RELATING TO U.S. TROOP DE- the risks in military duty, and has jeopardized gerously low. Rivers are drying up and many PLOYMENTS IN BOSNIA the credibility that our political leaders enjoy lakes are at their lowest levels in history. with our Armed Forces. All 17 of the world’s major fisheries are SPEECH OF being exploited at or beyond their capacity. Eighty-eight nations have been classified HON. SAM BROWNBACK f by the United Nations World Food Program OF KANSAS as low-income, food-deficit countries, unable IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES TRIBUTE TO MARCIN GORA to grow or buy enough food to accommodate their inhabitants. Wednesday, December 13, 1995 There are nearly 960 million illiterates in Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. Speaker, I continue HON. DAVID E. BONIOR the world today, but 130 million children—in- to oppose President Clinton's plan to deploy cluding 90 million girls—are denied access to OF MICHIGAN 20,000 United States troops to Bosnia. While primary schooling. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES About half a million women die every year I want to end the genocide that has plagued of pregnancy-related causes. the Balkan Peninsula for the last 4 years, the Thursday, December 14, 1995 All this in a world growing by nearly 100 administration's plan for achieving peace in million people a year. Bosnia is severely flawed, and, I fear, destined Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Meanwhile, a myopic majority in the U.S. to fail. recognize a young and talented individual from House of Representatives, overlooking these We would not be debating whether the Unit- my home State of Michigan, Marcin Gora of facts regarding the interrelationship be- ed States should send troops to Bosnia if Shelby Township. Marcin recently traveled to tween overpopulation, poverty, maternal and Presidents Bush and Clinton had not sup- Lyon, France, where he competed in the Inter- child mortality and environmental degrada- ported the misguided international arms em- national Vocational Training Competitions tion, continues to confuse—either by design [IVTC] as part of Team USA. or denial—family planning with abortion. bargo imposed upon Bosnia. If we had lifted The House has voted twice this year to the arms embargo several years ago and im- Team USA was fielded by the Vocational In- deny funding to the United Nations Popu- posed a no-fly-zone over Bosnia, the out- dustrial Clubs of America [VICA]Ða national lation Fund, the largest provider of multilat- numbered Bosnian Serb forces would never organization of students in public high schools December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 2367 and college vocational-technical institutions. from Texas A&M University, which I now Jackson, Sr. stood beside me tirelessly during This year's team was composed of 14 of proudly represent. Early in his career, Bill was a time of my own personal tribulation. The son America's best future workers and they com- assigned to the KTRH news department, and of a man who so gallantly stood by me can be peted against 28 other countries in the Bien- for a time he anchored the ``KTRH Morning nothing less than a warrior and a man of im- nial IVTC. They achieved the highest overall News'' show with another budding journalist: peccable spirit. team score in the history of the United States' Dan Rather. Greatness is a by-product of working with participationÐa world-class standing. But it was gardening knowledge that Bill the disenfranchised. One who has worked and At a time when some are questioning Amer- had, and it was gardening advice Houstonians fought so diligently for the less fortunate will ica's ability to compete, our placement at this needed. Few relationships have been so mu- naturally develop a sense of compassion, competition illustrates that American workers tually beneficial. commitment, and integrity. Thus, I am certain can and will compete with any nation. Without As you may know, gardeners in the greater that Jesse L. Jackson, Jr. will serve not only a doubt, Marcin Gora is indeed exceptional, Houston era endure torrential rains that can as a capable Representative but will also be but he epitomizes the abilities and skill level last for days; flooding; hurricanes; harsh heat a shining example of statesmanship. that all Americans can and should achieve. and high humidity; and, occasionally, freezing Without equivocation or hesitation, I give my With the support of organizations like VICA cold. This variety creates a great many poten- whole-hearted welcome and praise to Jesse L. and the efforts of people like Marcin Gora, we tial gardeners, but prevents many more from Jackson, Jr., who I am certain will serve the will continue to lead the world in the develop- ever turning a spade of soil. people of the 2d Congressional District of Illi- ment of new technologies and the production For many, many years Bill Zak has rescued nois with passion, zeal, and integrity. of world-class products and services. frustrated gardeners from botanical catas- Jesse, I look forward to working with you I congratulate Marcin Gora and all the mem- trophes, and has turned potential gardeners and beside you in representing the people of bers of Team USA for their outstanding per- into actual gardeners. His expert advice and Illinois. May God continue to bless you. formance at the International Vocational Train- guidance have helped tens of thousands of f ing Competitions. I urge my colleagues to sup- Houstonians turn bare, sun-scorched lawns PERSONAL EXPLANATION port them as they work to ensure that America into oases of beauty. remains the industrial leader of the world. But Bill has done far more during his four ´ f and a half decades of broadcasting. During HON. NYDIA M. VELAZQUEZ Hurricane Alicia, which hit Houston hard in OF NEW YORK PENN HILLS HIGH SCHOOL 1995 1983, Bill served as one of KTRH's primary IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AAAA FOOTBALL CHAMPIONS voicesÐproviding hundreds of thousands of Tuesday, December 12, 1995 listeners with life-saving information that en- Ms. VELAÂ ZQUEZ. Mr. Speaker, due to the abled our community, and its residents, to get HON. MICHAEL F. DOYLE death of a close personal friend, I was absent through that disaster. It was just one more in- OF PENNSYLVANIA during the following rollcall votes. Had I been stance of journalistic excellence that has made IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES present I would have voted as follows: On 847 KTRH the authoritative radio news station in Thursday, December 14, 1995 ``yea'', 846 ``nay'', 845 ``yea'', 857 ``nay'', 856 the Texas Gulf coast region, and it was just ``nay'', 855 ``yea'', 854 ``nay'', 853 ``yea'', 852 Mr. DOYLE. Mr. Speaker, I wish to con- one more example of Bill Zak's commitment to ``nay'', 851 ``nay'', 850 ``nay'', and 849 ``nay''. gratulate the Penn Hills High School Indians his station and his community. I would ask unanimous consent that these who won the 1995 Pennsylvania AAAA Varsity I'm not sure how he managed to find the votes be placed in the appropriate place in the Football Championship. This past Saturday, time, but Bill is also an author. His book, ``Crit- permanent RECORD. December 9, at Altoona's Mansion Park Sta- ters,'' is a popular pictorials encyclopedia of f dium, they defeated Lower Dauphin High the native insects of TexasÐand there are School by a score of 35 to 14. The team was plenty of them. He also has authored a similar PERSONAL EXPLANATION undefeated, 15 and 0, this season and this is publication in Florida. the first time in history that this high school Mr. Speaker, Bill Zak's last day on the air at HON. WALLY HERGER football team, which is located in the 18th KTRH will be Friday, Dec. 22. I know that you OF CALIFORNIA Congressional District in western Pennsylva- join with me in wishing Bill and his wife of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nia, won the State championship. many years, Jean, well in the years ahead as Not to take sides between last year's cham- they enjoy their retirement in the Houston Thursday, December 14, 1995 pions, the McKeesport High School football area. I understand that following his retire- Mr. HERGER. Mr. Speaker, on Wednesday, team, also in my district, but what makes this ment, Bill plans to spend his time reading, December 13 on rollcall vote No. 850, H.R. championship especially important is that USA traveling, possibly writing another book andÐ 1868, the conference report making appropria- Today ranks the Penn Hills team as the No. not surprisinglyÐgardening. While he claims tions for Foreign operations for fiscal year 5 high school football team in the United to be retiring, there are many Houstonians 1996, I was inadvertently recorded as a ``yes'' States. who know that old habits are hard to break vote. Congratulations to the players, the coaching and who suspect Bill's voice may yet be heard f staff, the supportive student body and families, again on KTRHÐproviding news or gardening and the Penn Hills community. I share your advice to his tens of thousands of loyal, long- CONGRATULATIONS TO GEORGE pride and claim the appropriate bragging rights time listeners. AND MABEL SHREVES ON THEIR on Capitol Hill. Keep up the team spirit and f 75TH WEDDING ANNIVERSARY the motivation to succeed. f SWEARING IN OF JESSE L. HON. GLENN POSHARD JACKSON, JR. RADIO PIONEER BILL ZAK OF ILLINOIS RETIRES FROM KTRH IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. BOBBY L. RUSH Thursday, December 14, 1995 OF ILLINOIS HON. JACK FIELDS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. POSHARD. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to mark a truly special occasion. George and OF TEXAS Thursday, December 14, 1995 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mabel Shreves, of Karnak, IL, will celebrate Mr. RUSH. Mr. Speaker, today is a great their 75th wedding anniversary on December Thursday, December 14, 1995 day for myself, the 2nd Congressional District 18. It is with great admiration that I offer them Mr. FIELDS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to of Chicago and all of America. Jesse L. Jack- my best wishes. take a moment to salute Bill Zak, radio pio- son, Jr. has the resounding qualities of humil- A diamond anniversary is not a common neer who will soon retire after 45 years as a ity, honesty, a willingness to work in behalf of event. Such an occasion is more than just a newscaster and host of ``Gardenline,'' a 6 day- those who cannot fight for themselves. He can testament to the Shreves' commitment to each a-week call-in gardening show on radio station walk proudly with kings and with the same other. Their life together exemplifies the beau- KTRH Houston, TX. ease walk humbly with the common man. ty that marriage is meant to symbolize, and Bill Zak joined the staff of KTRH in 1951Ð I am proud and appreciative of the Jackson gives real meaning to words such as dedica- a year before I was bornÐafter graduating family. Many years ago, his father Jesse L. tion and devotion. Since their wedding day in E 2368 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks December 14, 1995 1920, they have witnessed the changing of Overall, a study of a national sample of Med- REPORT ON RESOLUTION PROVID- our NationÐa World War, the challenge of the icare patients found that patients are more ING FOR DEBATE AND CONSID- Last Frontier, 15 Presidents, and the anticipa- likely to be sick or die after discharge than ERATION OF THREE MEASURES tion of a new century. However, through these they were before the current set of Medicare RELATING TO U.S. TROOP DE- regulations were imposed. many transformations, their union has been a PLOYMENTS IN BOSNIA brilliant fixture. In fact, because premiums and deductibles Mr. Speaker, the Shreves are a shining ex- have not increased for more than a decade, SPEECH OF ample to all Americans about the value of a Medicare only provided the illusion of pro- tection. And, the elderly pay a hidden tax in HON. JERRY F. COSTELLO loving family, and I am proud to represent the form of higher out-of-pocket expenses OF ILLINOIS them in Congress. It is my hope that they and supplemental insurance coverage called IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have many more years of happiness. Medigap, due to Medicare’s mismanagement Wednesday, December 13, 1995 f of medicine. Mr. COSTELLO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to MEDICARE AND THE ILLUSIONS There is a little evidence that the addi- articulate my position on the President's policy OF PROTECTION tional coverage increases well-being. Seniors of sending 20,000 American troops to Bosnia. with Medigap spend up to 70 percent more on I oppose, and have voted consistently in health care than seniors with Medicare cov- Congress to oppose, the introduction of United HON. J. DENNIS HASTERT erage alone, regardless of their health sta- tus. These are the dirty little secrets that States ground troops into Bosnia. I do not be- OF ILLINOIS lieve that American soldiers should be on the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES defenders of the current Medicare system will never reveal to America’s seniors. frontlines of a multiethnic, quasi-religious con- Thursday, December 14, 1995 flict that dates back several hundred years. My Medicare can be and is being made less ex- position has been that we should have lifted Mr. HASTERT. Mr. Speaker, the following pensive with medical innovations that make article by Robert Goldberg ran in the Washing- it more humane and more responsive. One the arms embargo against the Bosnians long ton Times on December 6, 1995. Mr. Gold- such effect is the Healthy Seniors Program, ago, so that they could have defended them- selves against Serbian aggression and helped berg does an excellent job of explaining why created by The Carondolet Health Plan, in put an end to the slaughter. It was clear that the current Medicare system is in dire need of Tucson, Ariz. Gerry Lamb, the director of one reason the three parties came to the table an injection of quality-based competition and the program notes it is designed for the ‘‘el- derly with serious chronic illness, those who in Dayton was the increasing strength of the incentives. As the Medicare debate continues, constitute the highest costs, fastest growing Bosnian resistance. I commend this article to my colleagues: health service group.’’ Healthy Seniors pro- I believe that this war, which has raged for MEDICARE AND THE ILLUSIONS OF PROTECTION vides examinations, service and individual 3 years with massive losses of life, is in the (By Robert M. Goldberg) assistance to reduce the incidence of serious heart of Europe and is primarily a European For all the rhetoric about how the Repub- and expensive episodes of illness. The result responsibility. That is why I have opposed lican plan will bring misery and financial is dramatic: Participation in the Healthy sending our soldiers into the heart of Bosnia Seniors program use fewer medical services hardship to millions of Medicare bene- to police the peace agreement signed in Day- ficiaries, the fact is you couldn’t design a than those who do not, saving nearly $6,000 per patient each year. Notes Mr. Lamb, who ton. better system than the current one to Let me make it clear, however, that I do be- achieve that goal. is a nurse practitioner: ‘‘There are huge dol- Medicare’s financial problems are largely lars to be saved from dealing with chronic lieve the United States has a responsibility to the direct result of its subpar treatment of illness early, rather than in the hospital and our NATO allies and the world to assist in this the chronically ill. In particular, seniors emergency rooms’’. effort. This terrible slaughter can and should bear an unnecessary financial and medical In fact, the proposition that better care end, and our diplomatic efforts to bring about burden in the form of higher out-of-pocket saves money is the foundation for transform- a peace agreement have been admirable. expenses and costly supplemental health in- ing entire private sector health care system. With a real, signed agreement at hand, our surance. The Business Heath Care Action Group European allies would use our air support, in- Worse, because Medicare pays for all care (BHCAG), a coalition of 21 of the largest em- telligence capability, and humanitarian efforts regardless of its quality and outcome, the el- ployers in Minnesota, provides a dramatic to accomplish this mission. derly—thinking that Medicare offers them example of such initiatives. Starting in 1997, health security—are actually spending bil- Unfortunately, the President believes the BHCAG’s 1.5 million employees and retirees lions on health care services that add noth- United States has a responsibility to put our will be given vouchers that will be used to ing to their well-being. Those who are fight- soldiersÐalong with the French and the Brit- purchase health care from different groups. ing Medicare reforms are perpetuating a sys- ishÐon the Bosnian frontlines. It is a policy I Medical providers will have to furnish con- tem that makes the elderly sicker than they do not agree with. have to be for longer periods of time than sumers with patient-level information on Today, we are voting on three different res- they should. how they improve the health of people with chronic conditions which afflict the elderly olutions. At the heart of the problem are Medicare’s The Dornan resolution would cut off funding price controls which get people out of hos- most such as stroke, hip fractures, heart dis- ease and arthritis. BCHAG projects that with to the troops stationed in Bosnia, some of pitals quicker (so providers can keep the dif- which are already in or on their way to that ference between what they spend and what a greater investment in quality, the voucher Medicare pays for), but leaves them sicker as system will be able to reduce the rate of country. a result. For example, a University of Cali- spending 5 percent to 15 percent each year The Skelton resolution would express oppo- fornia at Los Angeles medical school study compared to other managed care approaches. sition to this policy, in particular the introduc- of seniors hospitalized for depression found Rhetoric and emotion aside, quality-based tion of ground troops into Bosnia, but would that Medicare’s price controls led to more competition and incentives are at the heart also express support for our troops there. care without any additional benefit to pa- of the GOP plan. Such quality-driven reduc- Finally, the Hamilton resolution would ex- tients. The income doctors and hospitals lost tions in spending are possible if Medicare is press approval for the President's policy of because of price controls was made up by in- dramatically changes. Providers need to be sending ground troops to Bosnia and un- creasing the volume of services provided. placed at risk for making such savings while equivocal support for the men and women of Similarly, sub-optimal care has contrib- at the same time they are required to com- the United States Armed Forces who have uted to the 20-percent-a-year growth in home pete for business in terms of the quality of been stationed there by their Commander in health services under Medicare. For in- care they can offer. The Republican Medi- stance, studies show that Medicare regula- Chief, President Clinton. care plan isn’t perfect, but it does take I oppose the Dornan resolution for two rea- tions increase the number of elderly with hip health care for seniors in this direction. fractures that were discharged before they sons: First, our troops are on their way to were fully well. As a result, more people had As for Democratic and federally funded Bosnia with some already in the Balkans, and to rely on home health care or be sent to senior group efforts to save Medicare as we to cut off their funding while they are in Bosnia nursing homes for longer periods of time know it, they condemn this generation of el- would put them in serious danger; and sec- after the fracture. And a Rand Corp. study derly and the next to substandard care. ond, the President has said he would veto the found that Medicare’s regulations increased House speaker Newt Gingrich is right: The by 50 percent the chances that patients will faster the government-run Medicare program legislation if approved by the Congress, and be sent home in an unstable condition. The withers on the vine, the sooner it will stop given that fact, passage of this particular reso- number of patients remaining in nursing taking dollars out of the pockets of seniors lution would tell our troops, our soldiers, that homes one year after the fracture suggests in order to prop up an obsolete health plan they do not have the full support of the Amer- that their quality of care had deteriorated. that undermines their quality of life. ican people or their representatives. That is December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 2369 reminiscent of Vietnam and a wrong message began more than 6 to 8 months prior to the peace'', he said, ``not fighting a war.'' He was to send to our troops. Dayton peace talks. We are going to Bosnia, honest, however, and reminded us that this However, given my opposition to ground and in some areas our soldiers are already mission was not without risk. troops in Bosnia, I will support the Skelton- there. Our final stop was the most movingÐmeet- Buyer resolution. The President has the au- On November 30, I was selected to join a ing with our young soldiers in Germany who thority to dispatch these troops just as Presi- bipartisan congressional delegation to survey will go to Bosnia in mid-December. I had lunch dent Bush dispatched troops to the Middle the Bosnian situation. Our trip was organized with two soldiers from New Jersey, one a very East in 1990. However, I have an obligation to in response to concerns in Congress that the young woman, perhaps early 20's, from Bur- let the President know that I disagree with this White House had not kept us informed of this lington County and the other a slightly older policy. I have voted consistently against this major policy decision in a proper and timely man from Bergen County. Both were profes- policy and believe it is not in the best interest manner. Indeed, State Department and Penta- sional, well-trained, and motivated. Still, I of our Nation. gon officials were dispatched to Capitol Hill sensed apprehensionÐthe same apprehen- Finally, I cannot support the Hamilton reso- just 1 day before we boarded our plane to sion I felt 25 years ago as a young private lution, which expresses support for the Presi- Serbia. headed to Vietnam. dent's Bosnia policy. We went with objectivesÐours was a true This encounter placed everything in per- Mr. Speaker, I do not agree with the Presi- fact-finding mission. Before leaving, we were spective and literally put a human face on this dent's policy. I believe the United States briefed by Ambassador Richard Holbrooke, situation. For me, the most important priority should lend air and other support to our Euro- the chief U.S. negotiator at the Dayton peace for us is to support our servicemen and pean allies, to enforce this peace agreement. accords. We were to meet with Serbian, women. They are Americans, with over 80,000 However, as our troops are now stationed or Bosnian, and Croatian leaders to solidify their family members on the homefront. en route to Bosnia, I believe the Congress has support for the peace accord and to get their No question, the President should better de- a responsibility to let the President know that assurances that United States forces would be fine our national interest in Bosnia and explain public opinion is extremely wary of his policy. protected. Our foremost objective was to verify what our total commitment will be. I feel he He should also know that at the first oppor- that our troops would have the training, equip- has an obligation to the families of our troops tunity, we should bring home our troops and ment, and resources necessary to defend and and all Americans to outline the specific objec- let Bosnian soldiers take their place, a policy protect themselves. tives of this mission. I believe we should have implemented all We met with Serbian President Milosevic, But while we can argue about his policy, along. Croatian President Tudjman and Bosnian which I do remain skeptical about, the fact is f President Izetbegovic. They remain committed that the decision has been made and Amer- to the peace agreement, pledged their support ican soldiers, our soldiers, are going. And REPORT ON RESOLUTION PROVID- of protection for U.S. troops, and shared the since they are going, we need to support them ING FOR DEBATE AND CONSID- fact that their citizens were truly weary from 100 percent. They deserve nothing less. ERATION OF THREE MEASURES war. They said Americans were considered to f RELATING TO U.S. TROOP DE- be even-handed and that our military presence PLOYMENTS IN BOSNIA was vital for peace. Despite their words, they TRIBUTE TO THE LATE WILLIAM remain suspect due to past broken promises, B. HARVARD, SR. SPEECH OF and because facts show that these were in- HON. RODNEY P. FRELINGHUYSEN deed the very warmakers that caused 250,000 HON. MICHAEL BILIRAKIS 1 OF NEW JERSEY deaths in over 3 ¤2 years of ethnic and reli- OF FLORIDA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gious strife. As President Reagan used to say, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ``trust but verify.'' Thursday, December 14, 1995 Wednesday, December 13, 1995 Our trip to Sarajevo is one I'll never forget. Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Speaker, for We landed at the airport which was little more Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, it is with sad- me, the most important priority is to support than a small pitted concrete platform sur- ness that I rise today to pay tribute to a great our servicemen and women. The President rounded by sandbags and bunkers. After an architect and an even greater man. On De- has made the decision, and while I am angry escort of U.N. armored vehicles was assem- cember 11, the citizens of St. Petersburg, FL, that he made it without consultation with Con- bled, we boarded a bus and headed toward lost William B. Harvard, Sr., a warm and de- gress and the American people, we need to the city. We went through four Bosnian Serb voted family man and an extremely talented back them 100 percent. armed checkpoints and saw defused land architect who left his unique mark on the sky- Our actions tonight should send this mes- mines along the roadside which had pre- line of west central Florida. sage loudly and clearly to them as they pre- viously lined our path. Along our well-pro- William Harvard left his home building busi- pare to go. Because 25 years ago, I was one tected route, the pictures came to lifeÐbuild- ness in 1941 to serve his country and fight for of them in Vietnam. I was sent on a mission ings blown apart, people milling around, and freedom during World War II. Upon returning, that bitterly divided this country and this everywhere burned out buses, trolleys, and he reopened his offices in St. Petersburg and House. cars. The 8-mile trip took almost 45 minutes. quickly established himself as a valued mem- But I learned then, as I know now, that our What was left of the architectural beauty of ber of the community, joining several church troops deserve nothing less than the undivided structures from the time of the Austro-Hungar- and service organizations. support of this House and all the resources ian Empire, or the towering high-rise buildings In 1959, he became a founding partner of necessary to support their mission. built during Marshall Tito's 30-year-reign, was Harvard, Jolly, Clees and Toppe Architects. Please support the Buyer resolution. now a twisted combination of bombed-out Mr. Harvard and his associates proceeded to We have all seen vivid and shockingly building shells, collapsed factories, or acres of design many of the major structures in the St. graphic pictures from Bosnia, but my visit roofless and pockmarked houses. Sarajevo is Petersburg area. Colleagues stated that he there made the issue intensely human. I undoubtedly a scarred survivor. was a remarkable man, always considering spoke with our troops on their way to the re- I remember, too, the stories of no food, Florida's environment in his designs. gion from Germany, met with the Balkan lead- heat, or fresh water, and the chilling His environmentally conscious architecture ers, wore a flak jacket, and took a bumpy bus testimonials of snipers killing pedestrians in is embodied in his design of the pier in St. ride into war-torn Sarajevo. No doubt, watch- the street and marketplace. There were con- Pete, the incredibly unique inverted pyramid, ing CNN and seeing things live are completely stant reminders of the 21¤2 million refugees that became the focal point for the view down different. No longer is this a civil war in a far- who were either burned and bombed out of Second Avenue north towards Tampa Bay. As away land, it is 32,000 American troops going their houses and communities, or simply fled in all of his structures, people marveled at the into a historically troubled region as peace- the area with terror. uniqueness of the design of the pier. makers. After this eye-opener, we flew to Naples, Though unique, the design was also quite President Clinton made that decision. He Italy, for a briefing by the U.S. Southern Com- functional. He was quoted as saying that his made it without congressional approval, but as mander of NATO forces, Adm. Leighton Smith. goal was to ``preserve the open views from Commander in Chief he has the authority to He told us that our troops would be able to pier level and have an open, tropical feeling do this. In fact, it became clear that he made defend themselves, would be fully equipped, and yet be protected from the elements.'' Any- this decision long ago, since we learned from and that the military mission was limited to a one who has seen the pier knows he was suc- our troops that their training for this mission year. ``American troops would be enforcing a cessful in this endeavor. E 2370 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks December 14, 1995 He said his buildings should have a certain though I remain skeptical of claims that our CONFERENCE REPORT ON H.R. 2099, uniqueness, ``otherwise they would just be national interest is implicated because our DEPARTMENTS OF VETERANS warehouses.'' His design of the Williams Park prestige is on the line or the survival of NATO AFFAIRS AND HOUSING AND Bandstand won national awards, including the is at stake, I do feel that a resumption of fight- URBAN DEVELOPMENT, AND award of merit from the American Institute of ing could precipitate an expansion of the con- INDEPENDENT AGENCIES APPRO- Architects, the highest court of American ar- flict. Such a development, with its very real PRIATIONS ACT, 1996 chitecture. potential to involve Greece and Turkey, would The blue and green glass canopy, designed SPEECH OF pose a significant threat to our national inter- to provide shelter while letting the natural light est. HON. LUCILLE ROYBAL-ALLARD shine through, also received the test of time OF CALIFORNIA award from the Florida Association of the The administration and our military leaders IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES American Institute of Architects. have made repeated assertions that the forces Thursday, December 7, 1995 Mr. Speaker, William Harvard lost his battle are well trained, the mission is well defined, with cancer this week at the age of 84. His the rules of engagement are clear and permis- Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD. Mr. Speaker, I rise legacy, however, will be with us for many sive of preemptory action, and that more than in strong opposition to the VA±HUD appropria- years to come, as the monuments he built will adequate resources are available for our tions conference report. stand as a tribute to a man who used his nu- Unfortunately, the conferees wasted their forces. Moreover, they have stressed that the opportunity to improve this bill and once again merous talents to enrich the lives of many. primary mission of our forces is self-protection. f present us with legislation that makes dan- These factors, and particularly the testimony gerous and unnecessary cuts to environmental REPORT ON RESOLUTION PROVID- of professional military officers, strengthens and housing programs that protect American ING FOR DEBATE AND CONSID- the claim that we have taken all reasonable families and communities. ERATION OF THREE MEASURES precautions to protect our forces. Neverthe- For example, the bill cuts environmental RELATING TO U.S. TROOP DE- less, given the nature of this mission and the program funds by 21 percent, crippling the PLOYMENTS IN BOSNIA hostile environment of the former Yugoslavia, EPA's ability to enforce laws which help en- no one can rule out the possibility of casual- sure the safety of the water we drink and the SPEECH OF air we breathe. ties. The bill also cuts housing program funding HON. JACK REED Although the foregoing efforts by the admin- by 21 percent, including cuts to many vital OF RHODE ISLAND istration to justify the deployment of American public housing programs and homeless serv- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ground forces have allayed opposition to the ices. Wednesday, December 13, 1995 commitment of American forces, significant The cuts in public housing operating and modernization funds, will significantly hamper Mr. REED. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of concerns remain. It will be incumbent upon the the ability for housing providers to deliver safe the Hamilton resolution, and in opposition to Congress to ensure that the limited scope and housing for American families. H.R. 2770 and H. Res. 302. I, like most Amer- definite duration of the mission is maintained. Furthermore, by reducing the number of icans, still have concerns about the deploy- It will be incumbent upon the Congress to en- newly available section 8 housing vouchers, ment of United States troops in Bosnia- sure that our forces are continuously pro- the bill increases the potential for increased Herzegovina, but I believe that we need to tected. These concerns will persist beyond this homelessness among the thousands of fami- support our troops. vote until our forces are withdrawn from lies and children who are waiting for housing I visited the former Yugoslavia in 1993. That Bosnia. assistance. visit alerted me to the dangers of American in- I urge my colleagues to reject this bill and The Hamilton resolution clearly expresses volvement in the conflict that has consumed the potential pain and suffering it will inflict on the former Yugoslavia for the last 4 years. The our support for our forces while signaling our many American families. Vote ``no'' on the animosities are profound, the terrain is difficult, concerns. It is the right message to send to conference report. and the underlying problems are political rath- our forces and to those in the former Yugo- f er than simply military. Nevertheless, the Day- slavia that may wish them harm. It stands in ton Agreement is the last chance for a peace- stark contrast to H.R. 2770 which would cut OPENING OF EVERGREEN COURT ful resolution of this war, and that Agreement off all funding for United States Forces in SENIOR HOUSING PROJECT rests on the participation of NATO as the im- Bosnia. This measure would put our forces al- plementation force. As a member of NATO, ready in Bosnia at risk. It would end any HON. MARGE ROUKEMA the United States is faced with a choice be- chance of a peaceful settlement of the conflict. OF NEW JERSEY tween making peace work or letting the con- It is a reckless and politically expedient meas- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tending forces slip inexorably back into the ure unworthy of the American soldiers who are Thursday, December 14, 1995 abyss of war. ready to do their duty. The Hamilton resolution Mrs. ROUKEMA. Mr. Speaker, as of tomor- I believe that the vast majority of Americans is also in contrast to H. Res. 302 which op- row, Bergen County will be a better place to want us to choose peace. But they also want poses the President's policy while purporting live. Our community's quality of life will take us to ensure that our involvement is limited in to support the troops. Serious and sincere op- another step forward when the Christian scope, complementary to the efforts of our Eu- Health Care Center in Wyckoff cuts the ribbon ropean allies and not a substitute for their in- position to a policy requiring the deployment of American forces is incompatible with wishing and lays the cornerstone on its new 33-unit volvement, militarily prudent, and consistent supportive senior housing project at Evergreen them well on their mission. Rather, it rep- with our national security interests. Court. For more than a few people participat- resents a political straddle. Over the past few weeks, I have expressed ing in the ceremony, this marks the culmina- these concerns to the administration. In par- Finally, it is important to note that today's tion of a long time dream of the Christian ticular, I have stressed the need for a more vote is not about authorizing the commence- health care community. detailed exit strategy for disengagement of our ment of offensive operations by United States We are all very much aware that New Jer- forces, the need to ensure that we do not Forces. It is about peacekeeping. Our forces sey has more senior citizens than just about shoulder a disproportionate burden, the need are entering a dangerous arena, but one in every other State in the Union. Indeed, the to clearly identify our interests in the region which the parties have already initiated a number of Americans over age 65 is the fast- and, most importantly, the need to take every peace agreement. The President's constitu- est growing segment of our population. With reasonable precaution to protect our forces. Evergreen Court, the Christian Health Care tional authority to order our forces into Bosnia The administration has responded with a Center is adapting to meet the needs of our has not been seriously challenged. Thus, this more focused and compelling discussion of community. their plans. They have laid out a more detailed vote is about our support of peacekeeping and This is an innovative independent living exit strategy. They have made a more con- our support of our forces. I believe that both project that allows our older neighbors to vincing case that the scale of American in- are worthy of our support and, in the days maximize the enjoyment and vitality of their volvement is justified by the mission and by ahead, our hard and unyielding scrutiny to en- later years. From my long work in senior hous- the comparative strengths of United States sure that neither the peace nor our soldiers ing and health care reform, I know that inde- Military Forces versus those of our allies. Al- are sacrificed needlessly. pendent living enhances the quality of life and December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 2371 allows older citizens to continue to contribute REPORT ON RESOLUTION PROVID- Mr. Speaker, the United States cannot con- and enjoy a community of their peers. ING FOR DEBATE AND CONSID- duct foreign policy by deploying our troops And this is truly a community effort. The ERATION OF THREE MEASURES around the globe to interject our morals, val- county of Bergen provided over $1 million RELATING TO U.S. TROOP DE- ues, and way of life upon warring nations. It through funds provided by U.S. Department of PLOYMENTS IN BOSNIA won't be successful, and we could lose the credibility that we currently enjoy as the lone Housing and Urban Development's Home Pro- SPEECH OF gram. This Federal-county partnership funding superpower. There are many ways we can included a challenge that the private sources HON. TERRY EVERETT support peace in the Balkans without putting match the funds. Of course, our community re- OF ALABAMA young Americans in harms way. It is not too sponded as it always does, with generous do- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES late to halt any further troop movements to nations and the support of NatWest Bank. Wednesday, December 13, 1995 this region, so I urge all of my colleagues to support the Dornan legislation. On this occasion, the words of former Vice Mr. EVERETT. Mr. Speaker, Caspar Wein- President and Senator Hubert Humphrey berger, Secretary of Defense under the f come to mind: ``The moral test of government Reagan administration, developed a much is how the government treats those who are in touted six-point test that must be satisfied be- CONFERENCE REPORT ON H.R. 1977, the dawn of their life, the children, and those fore the use of military force is warranted. The DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR who are in the twilight of life, the elderly.'' first, and perhaps most important point of the AND RELATED AGENCIES APPRO- test is ``does the United States have vital, na- PRIATIONS ACT, 1996 With this ribbon-cutting, our community and tional interests at stake.'' The answer in the Christian Health Care Center, specifically, Bosnia is clearly no. The international commu- SPEECH OF is meeting this standard. Moreover, these ac- nity has allowed the most recent fighting of tions should be an example to all civic groups this centuries-old civil war to carry on for near- HON. BARBARA-ROSE COLLINS and, I submit, to our national leadership. ly 3 years before air strikes directed by the OF MICHIGAN In Washington today, we are engaged in a United Nations were ordered. Now, some 4 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES great national debate about the quality of life years later, President Clinton has decided to Tuesday, December 12, 1995 for our children and their children. In fact, this assume Europe's responsibility and help bol- Miss COLLINS of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, ster NATO's standing by sending United may be the defining moment for our genera- we must recognize mining subsidies for what States troops into a tentative and unwarranted tion. We all recognize that we can and we they areÐcorporate welfare. In light of the must make our government live within its peacekeeping mission. To conduct a peacekeeping mission suc- several extremist appropriation bills put before means. But this must not be done at the ex- this Congress, cutting back essential programs pense of the most vulnerable in our societyÐ cessfully and safely, the peacekeepers must be perceived as neutral by the warring parties. that improve the quality of life for all Ameri- those in the dawn of life and those in the twi- cans; we cannot spend another tax dollar to light of life. How can United States forces be seen as neutral when U.N. air strikes against Serb po- give big businesses a free ride. This Congress We can accomplish historic budget reforms, sitions have largely been conducted by the cannot with a clear conscience, stop assisting restore good jobs, create a bright future for United States for the past year? To add fuel mothers with buying milk for their infants; our children and still show heart to the most to the fire, President Clinton has promised that while at the same time giving away more than needy in our society. To do less would be to the United States would be simultaneously in- $15 billion worth of publicly owned minerals. violate some of the moral beliefs we hold most volved in training and equipping Bosnian Mos- How can we claim not to find the funds to pro- dear. lem forces so that they may be better able to tect elderly citizens from going into complete Our Lord, Jesus Christ, warned of the con- defend themselves against possible Serb at- poverty because of out of pocket medical ex- sequences of failure to feed the hungry, clothe tacks. penses, yet we can give away precious min- the naked, and care for the sick. ``Inasmuch Other dangers facing American service men erals at bargain basement prices? as ye have done it unto one of the least of and women serving as peacekeepers in the To eliminate programs that meet human these, my brethren, ye have done it unto me.'' Balkans involves the very real threat of terror- needs and that provide tangible results, under ism from Islamic fundamentalists, thousands the guise of conserving Government funds, Mr. Speaker, the Christian Health Care Cen- of land minesÐmost of which are unac- without terminating wasteful programs such as ter is realizing its dream today with the formal counted, and the risks of traveling over the mining subsidies, is hypocritical. This is yet opening of its Evergreen supportive senior snow- and ice-covered mountainous terrain of another example of the butchery of social and housing project. I would urge my colleagues to this area. environmental progress, while corporate wel- take note and join me in commending the Although the President has determined that fare is being spared the budget ax. To allow leadership of the center and the citizens of U.S. peacekeepers will be withdrawn from this this hypocrisy is not only fiscally irresponsible, Wyckoff. mission area in 1 year, I find the exit strategy it is unforgivable. The American voters will not Today, Bergen County is a better place to to be lacking and full of holes that could leave forget. live because our seniors have another place U.S. forces bogged down in this effort for a Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my to call home. much longer period of time. time. Thursday, December 14, 1995 Daily Digest

HIGHLIGHTS Senate agreed to Interior and VA/HUD Appropriations Conference Re- ports. Senate passed State Department Authorizations/Reorganization. House Committees ordered reported 21 sundry measures. Senate Commemorative Coin Act Amendment: Commit- Chamber Action tee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs was Routine Proceedings, pages S18583–S18671 discharged from further consideration of H.R. 2336, Measures Introduced: Three bills were introduced, to amend the Doug Barnard, Jr.—1996 Atlanta as follows: S. 1478–1480. Page S18662 Centennial Olympic Games Commemorative Coin Act, and the bill was then passed, clearing the meas- Measures Reported: Reports were made as follows: ure for the President. Pages S18668±69 S. 650, to increase the amount of credit available to fuel local, regional, and national economic growth Possessions and Territories Criminal Law Clari- by reducing the regulatory burden imposed upon fi- fication Act: Senate passed S. 1332, to clarify the nancial institutions, with an amendment in the na- application of certain Federal criminal laws to terri- ture of a substitute. (S. Rept. No. 104–185) tories, possessions, and commonwealths, after agree- ing to a committee amendment in the nature of a H.R. 2527, to amend the Federal Election Cam- substitute. Page S18669 paign Act of 1971 to improve the electoral process by permitting electronic filing and preservation of Interior Appropriations Conference Report: By Federal Election Commission reports. 58 yeas to 40 nays (Vote No. 604), Senate agreed H.J. Res. 69, providing for the reappointment of to the conference report on H.R. 1977, making ap- Homer Alfred Neal as a citizen regent of the Board propriations for the Department of the Interior and of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. related agencies for the fiscal year ending September H.J. Res. 110, providing for the appointment of 30, 1996. Pages S18595±S18616 Howard H. Baker, Jr. as a citizen regent of the State Department Authorizations/Reorganization: Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Committee on Foreign Relations was discharged H.J. Res. 111, providing for the appointment of from further consideration of H.R. 1561, to consoli- Anne D’Harnoncourt as a citizen regent of the Board date the foreign affairs agencies of the United States; of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. to authorize appropriations for the Department of H.J. Res. 112, providing for the appointment of State and related agencies for fiscal years 1996 and Louis Gerstner as a citizen regent of the Board of 1997; and to responsibly reduce the authorizations of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. appropriations for United States foreign assistance S. Con. Res. 34, to authorize the printing of programs for fiscal years 1996 and 1997, and by 82 ‘‘Vice Presidents of the United States, 1789–1993’’, yeas to 16 nays (Vote No. 605), the bill was passed, with an amendment. Page S18662 after striking all after the enacting clause and insert- ing in lieu thereof the text of S. 908, Senate com- Measures Passed: panion measure, after taking action on amendments Federally Supported Health Centers Assistance proposed thereto, as follows: Pages S18616±37 Act: Senate passed H.R. 1747, to amend the Public Adopted: Health Services Act to permanently extend and clar- Helms/Kerry Amendment No. 3100, to authorize ify malpractice coverage for health centers, clearing the transmittal of a reorganization plan or plans the measure for the President. Page S18668 streamlining and consolidating the Department of D 1465 D 1466 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST December 14, 1995 State and the independent foreign affairs agencies, and to serve concurrently and without additional and to make technical amendments. Pages S18635±36 compensation as Ambassador Extraordinary and Withdrawn: Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to Dole Amendment No. 2025, to withhold certain the Republic of Maldives. funds for international conferences if funds were ex- Sandra J. Kristoff, of Virginia, for the rank of pended for U.S. participation in the United Nations Ambassador during her tenure of service as U.S. Co- Fourth World Conference on Women while Harry ordinator for Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Wu was being detained in China. Pages S18616±17 (APEC). Helms Amendment No. 2031, to authorize re- John Raymond Malott, of Virginia, to be Ambas- duced levels of appropriations for foreign assistance sador to Malaysia. programs for fiscal years 1996 and 1997. Kenneth Michael Quinn, of Iowa, to be Ambas- Pages S18616±17 sador to the Kingdom of Cambodia. Kerry (for Boxer) Amendment No. 2032 (to William H. Itoh, of New Mexico, to be Ambas- Amendment No. 2025), to express the sense of the sador to the Kingdom of Thailand. Senate regarding the arrest of Harry Wu by the Frances D. Cook, of Florida, to be Ambassador to Government of the People’s Republic of China. the Sultanate of Oman. Pages S18616±17 J. Stapleton Roy, of Pennsylvania, to be Ambas- Helms Amendment No. 2041, to express the sador to the Republic of Indonesia. sense of the Congress regarding the consolidation Thomas W. Simons, Jr., of the District of Colum- and reinvention of the foreign affairs agencies of the bia, to be Ambassador to the Islamic Republic of United States. Pages S18616±17 Pakistan. Helms Amendment No. 2042 (to Amendment Richard Henry Jones, of Nebraska, to be Ambas- No. 2041, in the nature of a substitute. sador to the Republic of Lebanon. Pages S18616±17 Senate insisted on its amendment, requested a James Franklin Collins, of Illinois, to be Ambas- conference with the House thereon and the Chair ap- sador at Large and Special Advisor to the Secretary pointed the following conferees: Senators Helms, of State for the New Independent States. Snowe, Brown, Coverdell, Ashcroft, Pell, Kerry, Sar- Charles H. Twining, of Maryland, to be Ambas- sador to the Republic of Cameroon. banes, and Dodd. Page S18639 Subsequently, S. 908 was returned to the Senate James A. Joseph, of Virginia, to be Ambassador to calendar. Page S18637 the Republic of South Africa. Don Lee Gevirtz, of California, to be Ambassador Cuban Liberty and Solidarity Act—Conferees: to the Republic of Fiji, and to serve concurrently Senate insisted on its amendment to H.R. 927, to and without additional compensation as Ambassador seek international sanctions against the Castro gov- Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United ernment in Cuba, and to plan for support of a transi- States of America to the Republic of Nauru, Ambas- tion government leading to a democratically elected sador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Unit- government in Cuba, agreed to the request of the ed States of America to the Kingdom of Tonga, and House for a conference thereon, and the Chair ap- Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the pointed the following conferees: Senators Helms, United States of America to Tuvalu. Coverdell, Thompson, Snowe, Pell, Dodd, and Robb. Joan M. Plaisted, of California, to be Ambassador Page S18639 to the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and to serve VA/HUD Appropriations—Conference Report: concurrently and without additional compensation as By 54 yeas to 44 nays (Vote No. 606), Senate agreed Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the to the conference report on H.R. 2099, making ap- United States of America to the Republic of propriations for the Departments of Veterans Affairs Kiribati. and Housing and Urban Development, and for sun- Jim Sasser, of Tennessee, to be Ambassador to the dry independent agencies, boards, commissions, cor- People’s Republic of China. porations, and offices for the fiscal year ending Sep- David P. Rawson, of Michigan, to be Ambassador tember 30, 1996. Pages S18639±58 to the Republic of Mali. Senate concurred in the amendment of the House Gerald Wesley Scott, of Oklahoma, to be Ambas- to Senate amendment No. 63. Page S18658 sador to the Republic of The Gambia Nominations Confirmed: Senate confirmed the fol- Robert E. Gribbin III, of Alabama, to be Ambas- lowing nominations: sador to the Republic of Rwanda. A. Peter Burleigh, of California, to be Ambassador Charles H. Twining, of Maryland, a Career Mem- to the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, ber of the Senior Foreign Service, Class of Minister- December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D 1467 Counselor, to serve concurrently and without addi- ings limit for individuals who have attained retire- tional compensation as Ambassador of the United ment age, with amendments; and States of America to the Republic of Equatorial The nominations of Joshua Gotbaum, of New Guinea. York, to be Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for 29 Army nominations in the rank of general. Economic Policy, and Jeffrey R. Shafer, of New Jer- 2 Navy nominations in the rank of admiral. sey, to be Under Secretary of the Treasury for Inter- Routine lists in the Air Force, Army, Foreign national Affairs. Service, Navy. Pages S18637±39, S18669±71 SOUTH AFRICA Messages From the House: Page S18661 Committee on Foreign Relations: Committee held hear- Measures Placed on Calendar: Pages S18585, S18661 ings to examine the status of United States assistance Communications: Pages S18661±62 programs in South Africa, receiving testimony from John F. Hicks, Assistant Administrator for Africa, Executive Reports of Committees: Page S18662 Leslie Dean, South African Mission Director, and Statements on Introduced Bills: Pages S18662±64 William Ford, former South African Mission Direc- Additional Cosponsors: Page S18664 tor, all of the Agency for International Development. Hearings were recessed subject to call. Amendments Submitted: Pages S18664±67 Authority for Committees: Page S18667 FEDERAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Additional Statements: Pages S18667±68 Committee on Governmental Affairs: Committee held hearings on proposed legislation to improve financial Record Votes: Three record votes were taken today. management in the Federal Government, receiving (Total–606) Pages S18616, S18637, S18657±58 testimony from Charles A. Bowsher, Comptroller Adjournment: Senate convened at 9:30 a.m., and General of the United States, and Gene Dodaro, As- adjourned at 7:15 p.m., until 9:30 a.m., on Friday, sistant Comptroller General, and Jeffrey Steinhoff, December 15, 1995. (For Senate’s program, see the Director of Planning and Reporting, both of the Ac- remarks of the Acting Majority Leader in today’s counting and Information Management Division, all Record on page S18670.) of the General Accounting Office; G. Edward DeSeve, Controller, Office of Federal Financial Man- Committee Meetings agement, Office of Management and Budget; Califor- nia State Auditor Kurt R. Sjoberg, Sacramento; Wil- (Committees not listed did not meet) liam R. Phillips, Coopers & Lybrand, McLean, Vir- ginia; and Ted Sheridan, Sheridan Management Cor- NUCLEAR WASTE POLICY ACT poration, Washington, D.C., on behalf of the Finan- Committee on Energy and Natural Resources: Committee cial Executives Institute. concluded hearings on S. 1271, to provide for the Hearings were recessed subject to call. storage and disposal of spent nuclear fuel and high- level nuclear waste from the nation’s defense pro- BUSINESS MEETING gram and commercial nuclear power plants, after re- Committee on the Judiciary: Committee ordered favor- ceiving testimony from Idaho Governor Philip E. ably reported the nomination of Merrick B. Garland, Batt, Boise; Hazel R. O’Leary, Secretary of Energy; of Maryland, to be United States Circuit Judge for Robert B. Pirie, Jr., Assistant Secretary of the Navy the District of Columbia Circuit. (Installations and Environment); Gary Gates, Omaha Also, committee began consideration of S. 605, to Public Power District, Omaha, Nebraska, on behalf establish a uniform and more efficient Federal proc- of the American Public Power Association; William ess for protecting property owners’ rights guaranteed K. Sherman, Vermont Department of Public Health, by the fifth amendment, but did not complete action Montpelier, on behalf of the Northeast High-Level thereon, and will meet again on Wednesday, Decem- Radioactive Waste Transportation Task Force; Dick ber 20. Snell, Pinnacle West Capital Corporation, Phoenix, BUSINESS MEETING Arizona; and Corbin A. McNeill, Jr., PECO Energy Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Committee on Rules and Administration: Committee or- dered favorably reported the following bills: BUSINESS MEETING S. 426, to authorize the establishment of a memo- Committee on Finance: Committee ordered favorably rial to Martin Luther King, Jr., in the District of reported the following business items: Columbia; S. 1470, to provide for increases in the amounts H.R. 2527, to permit electronic filing of Federal of allowable earnings under the social security earn- Election Commission reports and to require members D 1468 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST December 14, 1995 of the House and those seeking election to the S. Con. Res. 34, to authorize the printing of House to file directly with the FEC instead of filing ‘‘Vice Presidents of the United States, 1789–1993’’, with the House Clerk which is the current require- with an amendment. ment; INTELLIGENCE H.J. Res. 69, to provide for the reappointment of Homer Alfred Neal as a citizen regent of the Board Committee on Intelligence: Committee met in closed of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution; session to receive a briefing on intelligence matters H.J. Res. 110, to provide for the appointment of from officials of the intelligence community. Committee recessed subject to call. Howard H. Baker, Jr., as a citizen regent of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution; WHITEWATER H.J. Res. 111, to provide for the appointment of Special Committee To Investigate the Whitewater Develop- Anne D’Harnoncourt as a citizen regent of the Board ment Corporation and Related Matters: Committee met of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution; and approved the recommendation to order and di- H.J. Res. 112, to provide for the appointment of rect the compliance of a subpoena relative to the Louis Gerstner as a citizen regent of the Board of committee’s Whitewater investigation. Regents of the Smithsonian Institution; and Committee recessed subject to call. h House of Representatives Public Debt Limit: By a recorded vote of 235 ayes Chamber Action to 103 noes, with 77 voting ‘‘present’’, Roll No. Bills Introduced: 7 public bills, H.R. 2778–2784 862, the House passed H.R. 2621, to enforce the were introduced. Page H14927 pubic debt limit and to protect the social security Reports Filed: Reports were filed as follows: trust funds and other Federal trust funds and ac- H. Res. 307, waiving points of order against the counts invested in public debt obligations. conference report on H.R. 1530, to authorize appro- Pages H14885±99 priations for fiscal year 1996 for military activities Rejected the Gibbons motion to recommit the bill of the Department of Defense, and to prescribe mili- to the Committee on Ways and Means with instruc- tary personnel strengths for fiscal year 1996 (H. tions to report it back forthwith containing language Rept. 104–407); and consisting of a new text that sought to provide that H.R. 2661, to amend the District of Columbia the Secretary of the Treasury may use social security Self-Government and Governmental Reorganization trust funds only for the purposes of paying social se- Act to permit the District of Columbia to expend its curity benefits under previously established practices; own funds during any portion of a fiscal year for and that the Secretary of the Treasury may utilize which Congress has not enacted the budget of the civil service retirement funds to avoid Government District of Columbia for the fiscal year, and to pro- default in times of a forced debt ceiling crisis and vide for the appropriation of a monthly pro-rated that such funds shall be restored fully, including in- portion of the annual Federal payment to the Dis- terest, as required by provisions in the United States trict of Columbia for such fiscal year during such Code (rejected by a yea-and-nay vote of 190 yeas to portion of the year, amended (H. Rept. 104–408). 229 nays, Roll No. 861). Pages H14897±99 Page H14927 H. Res. 293, the rule under which the bill was Speaker Pro Tempore: Read a letter from the considered, was agreed to earlier by a recorded vote Speaker wherein he designates Representative Ensign of 228 ayes to 184 noes, Roll No. 860. By a yea- to act as Speaker pro tempore for today. Page H14873 and-nay vote of 223 yeas to 183 nays, Roll No. 859, Committees to Sit: The following committees and agreed to order the previous question on the resolu- their subcommittees received permission to sit today tion. Pages H14879±85 during proceedings of the House under the five- Member Sworn: Representative-elect Jesse L. Jack- minute rule: Committees on Agriculture, Govern- son, Jr., presented himself in the well of the House ment Reform and Oversight, International Relations, the Judiciary, National Security, Resources, and and was administered the oath of office by the Speaker. Page H14900 Transportation and Infrastructure. Page H14878 December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D 1469 Legislative Program: The Majority Leader an- Office Building;’’ H.R. 2704, amended, to provide nounced the legislative program for today and the that the U.S. Post Office building that is to be lo- balance of the week. Pages H14902±03 cated on the 2600 block of East 75th Street in Chi- Late Report: Committee on Government Reform cago, IL, shall be known and designated as the and Oversight received permission to have until ‘‘Charles A. Hayes Post Office Building;’’ and H.R. midnight tonight to file a report on H.R. 2661, to 2661, amended, District of Columbia Fiscal Protec- amend the District of Columbia Self-Government tion Act of 1995. and Governmental Reorganization Act to permit the Committee also approved the following draft re- District of Columbia to expend its own funds during ports: ‘‘Creating a 21st Century Government’’; any portion of a fiscal year for which Congress has ‘‘Making Government Work: Fulfilling the Mandate not enacted the budget of the District of Columbia for Change’’; ‘‘Mail Services in the United States: for the fiscal year, and to provide for the appropria- Exploring Options for Improvement’’; ‘‘Voice for tion of a monthly pro-rated portion of the annual Change’’; ‘‘Federal Takeover of Chicago Housing Au- Federal payment to the District of Columbia for thority’’; and ‘‘The FDA Food Additive Review such fiscal year during such portion of the year. Process’’. Page H14905 If needed, the Committee authorized the issuance Referrals: Two Senate-passed measures were referred of a subpoena in the matter of Harry Thomason. to the appropriate House committees. Page H14926 Senate Messages: Message received from the Senate FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHUTDOWN today appears on page H14874. Committee on Government Reform and Oversight: Sub- Amendments Ordered Printed: Amendments or- committee on Civil Service held a hearing on Gov- dered printed pursuant to the rule appear on page ernment Shutdown II. Testimony was heard from H14927. Representatives Hayworth, Bachus, Hoekstra, Cal- vert, Barton of Texas, Browder, Gekas, Hoyer, Quorum Calls—Votes: Two yea-and-nay votes and McCarthy, and Bono. two recorded votes developed during the proceedings of the House today and appear on pages H14883–84, H14884–85, H14898–99, and MISCELLANEOUS MEASURES H14899. Committee on International Relations: Ordered reported Adjournment: Met at 10 a.m. and adjourned at the following measures: H. Res. 274, concerning 5:31 p.m. Burma and the U.N. General Assembly; H. Con. 91, expressing the sense of the Congress that the United States should participate in Expo ’98 in Libson, Por- Committee Meetings tugal; and H.R. 2775, to amend the Agricultural AGRICULTURE GUEST WORKER PROGRAM Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954, the Committee on Agriculture: Subcommittee on Risk Man- Food for Progress Act of 1985, and the Food, Agri- agement and Specialty Crops and the Subcommittee culture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 to ex- on Immigration and Claims of the Committee on tend the authorities under those Acts. the Judiciary held a joint hearing on H–2A Tem- porary Worker Program and its impact on American TRANSATLANTIC ECONOMIC Agriculture. Testimony was heard from Keith Col- COOPERATION lins, Chief Economist, USDA; and public witnesses. Committee on International Relations: Held a hearing on MISCELLANEOUS MEASURES; DRAFT U.S.-Europe: Prospects for Transatlantic Economic REPORTS; SUBPOENA Cooperation. Testimony was heard from Daniel K. Tarullo, Assistant Secretary, Economic and Business Committee on Government Reform and Oversight: Ordered Affairs, Department of State; David Rophkopf, Act- reported the following bills: H.R. 1398, to designate ing Under Secretary, Department of Commerce; and the United States Post Office building located at 1203 Lemay Ferry Road, St. Louis, MO, as the public witnesses. ‘‘Charles J. Coyle Post Office Building;’’ H.R. 1880, to designate the U.S. Post Office building located at AU PAIR PROGRAM 102 South McLean, Lincoln, IL, as the ‘‘Edward Committee on International Relations: Subcommittee on Madigan Post Office Building;’’ H.R. 2262, to des- International Operations and Human Rights ap- ignate the U.S. Post Office building located at 218 proved for full Committee action H.R. 2767, to North Alston Street in Foley, AL, as the ‘‘Holk Post amend the au pair program. D 1470 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST December 14, 1995

OVERSIGHT—U.S. SENTENCING personnel strengths for fiscal year 1996, and against COMMISSION its consideration. The rule provides that the con- Committee on the Judiciary: Subcommittee on Crime ference report shall be considered as read. Testimony held an oversight hearing on the U.S. Sentencing was heard from Chairman Spence. Commission. Testimony was heard from Richard P. Conaboy, U.S. District Judge, Chairman, U.S. Sen- MISCELLANEOUS MEASURES; tencing Commission; Jon O. Newman, Chief Judge, CONSTRUCTION RESOLUTIONS U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit; Emilio M. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure: Ordered Garza, Judge, U.S. Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit; reported the following bills: H.R. 1718, to designate Jay Harvey Wilkinson, III, Judge, U.S. Court of Ap- U.S. Courthouse located at 197 South Main Street in peals, Fourth Circuit; and public witnesses. Wilkes-Barre, PA, as the ‘‘Max Rosenn United POW/MIA States Courthouse;’’ H.R. 2504, to designate the Committee on National Security: Subcommittee on Mili- Federal building located at the corner of Patton Ave- tary Personnel held a hearing on the Department of nue and Otis Street, and the U.S. Courthouse located Defense’s comprehensive review of Indochina POW/ on Otis Street, in Asheville, NC, as the ‘‘Veach- MIA cases. Testimony was heard from Senator Baley Federal Complex;’’ H.R. 2415, amended, to Smith; Hershel W. Gober, Deputy Secretary, Veter- designate the U.S. Customs administrative building ans Affairs, Department of Veterans Affairs; Winston at the Ysleta/Zaragosa Port of Entry located at 797 Lord, Assistant Secretary, POW/MIA Affairs, De- South Ysleta in El Paso, TX, as the ‘‘Timothy C. partment of Defense; the following officials of the McCaghren Customs Administrative Building’’; Department of Defense: James W. Wold, Deputy H.R. 2620, amended, to direct the Architect of the Assistant Secretary, POW/MIA Affairs; and Cdr. Capitol to sell the parcel of real property located at Charles R. Marineau, Jr., USN, Chief of Intelligence, 501 First Street, SE, in the District of Columbia; Joint Task Force Full Accounting; Garnett Bell, H.R. 2689, to designate the United States Court- former Special Assistant for Negotiations for Com- house located at 301 West Main Street in Benton, mander, Joint Task Force Full Accounting, Depart- IL, as the ‘‘James L. Foreman United States Court- ment of Defense; and public witnesses. house’’; H.R. 2061, to designate the Federal build- MISCELLANEOUS MEASURES ing located at 1550 Dewey Avenue in Baker City, OR, as the ‘‘Davis J. Wheeler Federal Building’’; Committee on Resources: Subcommittee on Fisheries, H.R. 2111, amended, to designate the Social Secu- Wildlife and Oceans held a hearing on the following rity Administration’s Western Program Service Cen- bills: H.R. 1772, to authorize the Secretary of the ter located at 1221 Nevin Avenue in Richmond CA, Interior to acquire certain interests in the Waihee as the ‘‘Francis J. Hagel Building’’; S. 965, to des- Marsh for inclusion in the Oahu National Wildlife ignate the United States Courthouse for the Eastern Refuge Complex; H.R. 1836, to authorize the Sec- District of Virginia in Alexandria, VA, as the ‘‘Al- retary of the Interior to acquire property in the town bert V. Bryan United States Courthouse’’; H.R. of East Hampton, Suffolk County, New York, for in- 2481, to designate the Federal Triangle Project clusion in the Amagansett National Wildlife Refuge; under construction at 14th Street and Pennsylvania H.R. 2660, to increase the amount authorized to be Avenue, NW, in the District of Columbia, as the appropriated to the Department of the Interior for ‘‘Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade the Tensas River National Wildlife Refuge; and Center’’; H.R. 2547, to designate the United States H.R. 2679, to revise the boundary of the North Courthouse located at 800 Market Street in Knox- Platte National Wildlife Refuge. Testimony was ville, TN, as the ‘‘Edward H. Baker, Jr. United heard from Representatives Mink, Barrett of Ne- States Courthouse’’; H.R. 2556, to designate the braska, and Forbes; Robert Davison, Deputy Assist- Federal building located at 345 Middlefield Road in ant Secretary, Fish and Wildlife and Parks, U.S. Fish Menlo Park, CA and known as the Earth Science and and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior; and public witnesses. Library Building as the ‘‘Vincent E. McKelvey Fed- eral Building’’; S. 369, to designate the United CONFERENCE REPORT—DEPARTMENT OF States Courthouse in Decatur, AL as the ‘‘Seybourn DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION H. Lynne Federal Building’’; and H.R. 2567, Committee on Rules: Granted, by voice vote, a rule amended, to amend the Federal Water Pollution Act waiving all points of order against the conference re- relating to standards for constructed water convey- port to accompany H.R. 1530, to authorize appro- ances. priations for fiscal year 196 for military activities of The Committee also approved 7 construction reso- the Department of Defense, and to prescribe military lutions. December 14, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D 1471 AVIATION SAFETY Cecil Eden Quainton, of the District of Columbia, to be Director General of the Foreign Service, both of the De- Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure: Sub- partment of State, 2 p.m., SD–419. committee on Aviation concluded hearings on Avia- Committee on Labor and Human Resources, to hold hear- tion Safety: Should Airlines Be Required to Share ings on proposed legislation to amend provisions of the Pilot Performance Records? Testimony was heard Fair Labor Standards Act relating to the minimum wage, from public witnesses. 9:30 a.m., SD–430. f Special Committee To Investigate Whitewater Development Corporation and Related Matters, business meeting, to dis- COMMITTEE MEETINGS FOR FRIDAY, cuss issues relating to the Whitewater Development Cor- DECEMBER 15, 1995 poration, 10 a.m., SH–216. (Committee meetings are open unless otherwise indicated) House Committee on International Relations, to mark up H.R. Senate 2767, to extend the au pair program; and to continue Committee on Foreign Relations, to hold hearings on the hearings on the Newly Independent States of the Former nominations of Eric James Boswell, of California, to be Soviet Union: U.S. Policy and Assistance, Part 2, 10 a.m., Assistant Secretary for Diplomatic Security, and Anthony 2172 Rayburn. D 1472 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST December 14, 1995

Next Meeting of the SENATE Next Meeting of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 9:30 a.m., Friday, December 15 10 a.m., Friday, December 15

Senate Chamber House Chamber Program for Friday: After the recognition of three Sen- Program for Friday: Consideration of the conference re- ators for speeches and the transaction of any morning port on H.R. 1530, Department of Defense Authorization business (not to extend beyond 11 a.m.), Senate may con- for fiscal year 1996 (rule waiving points of order against sider the House Message on H.R. 1868, Foreign Oper- consideration); ations Appropriations, 1996, Conference Report on H.R. Possible consideration of further conference report on 2546, District of Columbia Appropriations, 1996, and H.R. 2546, District of Columbia appropriations for fiscal proposed legislation providing for further continuing ap- year 1996; and propriations. Possible consideration of a short-term continuing reso- lution.

Extensions of Remarks, as inserted in this issue

HOUSE Farr, Sam, Calif., E2363 Reed, Jack, R.I., E2370 Fields, Jack, Tex., E2367 Richardson, Bill, N. Mex., E2360, E2365 Ackerman, Gary L., N.Y., E2362 Foley, Mark, Fla., E2356 Roukema, Marge, N.J., E2370 Barrett, Thomas M., Wis., E2357, E2365 Fox, Jon D., Pa., E2361 Roybal-Allard, Lucille, Calif., E2370 Bilirakis, Michael, Fla., E2369 Frank, Barney, Mass., E2359, E2365 Rush, Bobby L., Ill., E2367 Bonior, David E., Mich., E2366 Frelinghuysen, Rodney P., N.J., E2369 Skelton, Ike, Mo., E2358 Brownback, Sam, Kans., E2366 Gilman, Benjamin A., N.Y., E2360, E2362, E2364 Smith, Christopher H., N.J., E2363 Cardin, Benjamin L., Md., E2361 Hamilton, Lee H., Ind., E2358 Solomon, Gerald B.H., N.Y., E2356 Collins, Barbara-Rose, Mich., E2371 Hastert, J. Dennis, Ill., E2368 Stokes, Louis, Ohio, E2355, E2361 Costello, Jerry F., Ill., E2368 Herger, Wally, Calif., E2367 Torricelli, Robert G., N.J., E2357 Dingell, John D., Mich., E2357 Martini, William J., N.J., E2364 Vela´ zquez, Nydia M., N.Y., E2367 Dixon, Julian C., Calif., E2355 Oberstar, James L., Minn., E2355 Wilson, Charles, Tex., E2366 Doyle, Michael F., Pa., E2367 Poshard, Glenn, Ill., E2367 Everett, Terry, Ala., E2371 Rangel, Charles B., N.Y., E2356

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