The History of Hotel & Travel Technology WORLD EVENTS

The complexity of hotel and travel technology runs deep. This diagram shows how technology has evolved throughout the industrial revolution. Innovation has been driven through crises and as we face today’s COVID crisis we eagerly anticipate what new innovations will come.

GLOBAL 9/11 TERRORISM FINANCIAL INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION WORLD WAR I WORLD WAR II COLD WAR ATTACK CRISIS (GFC) COVID 1760-1840 1914-1918 1939-1945 1947-1990 2001 2007-2008 2020

Drop in travelers Surveillance Population Economy Real estate market End of recession Space worldwide GLOBAL IMPACT Arms race Global lockdown growth raise boom (US) (US) exploration GDPR and other Increased travel causes a 90% drop in international travel security measures data privacy Urbanisation 1985 regulations Schengen visa created

Global Network Netflix (only Google AmazonFresh 3D TV Stripe HOTEL INDUSTRY EDUCATION First Hotel School 1890 Cornell Hotel 1922 1929 Hotelschool 1952 National Association of Hotel Accountants Navigator (GNN) video on launches launches (Seattle) starts to launches (Lausanne, Switzerland) School Program The Hague founded (NAHA) founded (later HFTP) launched (Tim demand) AdWords become / PROFESSION Netflix starts Snapchat O'Reilly) launches more Mass adoption of offering video launches Creation of widely AOL Instant broadband streaming Martin Cooper Wavelan available Google+ Hypertext Messenger internet across Boeing 707 develops the (Wifi) by Apple launches invented launched the developed launches Invention of Launched first handheld Microsoft NCR and Apple Pay (Ted Nelson) world Launch of iPhone Microsoft barcodes cellphone founded AT&T Wi-Fi Protocols launched Apple Google Maps released Introduction becomes public LED (light- James releases the Microsoft of Mosaic Invention of first emitting Dyson Compact Macintosh Google Reddit Azure Amazon launches Apple electronic diode) invents Discs widely Computer founded Alexa launched television the accepted IBM Simon Personal Launch of released IBM Creates Communicator '1st Alibaba.com Instagram Siri Principle of bagless, First sensor- Wi-Fi first Floppy Disk cyclonic Smartphone' launches photocopying VISA First flushing Apple (xerography) founded First ATM vacuum toilets Amazon founded First version Amazon.com launches WeChat Vacuum tube Hot Water Willis Carrier laser invented (Barclays Bank, cleaner. (Japan) of the PayPal launches Kindle iPad launched by Google is invented pioneers the air The electric printer First Sega Saturn and Sony (Chester London) electronic electronic Tencent Voice Search conditioner refrigerator Douglas First by Xerox space PlayStation consoles Carlson) payments e-book launched is invented Engelbart computer shuttle Skype offers HD Electronic Google+ First Shower develops launched First Mobile Phone system was video conferencing Numerical virus Introduction Twitter (The English Steam central First hotel credit Windows (IBM Simon) released launched shuts down TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT computer (Creeper of the World launches Regency shower) Henry Ford Integrator and card – Diners 1.0 was heating mouse virus) Wide Web Apple (Franz San Galli) launches Computer Club Card launched Yahoo founded PayPal Facebook Amazon Google (ENIAC) was IBM (Tim launches T-Model Ford First founded founded Web Google launches Invention of First Email DEC introduced Berners-Lee) VoIP invented iPad primitive built IBM introduced Services Android Pay electric clothes sent first Hangouts Invention of “Shoebox” (Voice Beoing PDP-11, Disposal Google washer (Alva optical Igor Sikorsky personal First Pinterest launches Telephone Wright Brothers Recognition 747 First developed camera character Peter Goldmark builds the first Growth of launches Home Invention of fly first plane Fisher) Flight computer Adblock Vine recognition pioneers color truly practical Tech) First Webpage Release electricity First 'safe' commercial First launched launches (OCR) television helicopter aviation created eBay Rise of passenger BOEING Eugene First solar digital First Space Launch Bitcoin VR scanning founded Facebook contactless elevator was Founded Polley power station camera Sony Tourist of launches technology systems Shinkansen Debit card First text acquires technologies installed First electric Credit Cards invented the Walkman (Dennis Tito) Youtube trains (France) introduced message sent Instagram for vacuum cleaner invented TV Remote Facebook launched launched Wikipedia $1 billion First mass (John BIggins) Control Amazon launches TikTok (Japan) online launches Mobile production of Messenger launches encyclopedia Amazon apps Tinder automobiles Platform is founded Prime founded launches 1908 1904 1906 1928 1939 1947 1950 1969 1973 1975 1977 1985 1987 1990 1992 1994 1997 1999 2000 1855 1920 1 1 9 6 1901 1831 1810 1857 1914 19 1 1927 1931 1938 1946 1949 1955 1958 1960 1962 1964 1965 1967 19 7 19 7 19 8 1984 1986 1991 1993 1995 1998 2001 2004 2005 2006 2007 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2019 2020 1903 1876 1907 1905 DATE 1780 1800 50 1900 20 40 60 80 2000 10 2020 1991 1981 1901 1910 1973 1963 1969 1927 1972 1983 1976 1997 2013 1986 2012 1957 2016 1955 1958 1985 1889 2015 2010 1880 1946 1994 1974 1894 2014 2002 2020 2009

HEDNA Installation of Westin Hotels The Adolphus ARPANet was VingCard invents the founded steam central debuts first guest Hotel, Dallas, established optical electronic Together with Mews acquires 1999 1995 (California, 1998 First hotel of its kind to heating credit card first hotel in the key card Debut of the first Intelity, Choice Base7booking (Le Grand world to offer USA) Hotels are first to (formerly feature indoor First online hotel catalog Hotel Paris) Air-Conditioning Domain Name System HTNG introduce the trivago) plumbing for guests Integrated HITEC (Travelweb.com) (Tremont Hotel of (DNS) invented (Paul founded mobile hotel app In room radios Mini Bar founded Mockapetris) 1996 Boston) HILTON - introduced by First hotel website Electricity become First to introduce Madison launched (Hyatt Hyatt offer customer

available at 1947 becomes Sheraton and Promus Hotel Hotel Statler, direct dial Hotel, service through social widely Anaheim, Corporation) First Robot hotel The Sagamore The Boston. telephone service Washington media platforms available in first hotel opens in Japan Hotel on Lake Netherland (Boston Park DC including Private hotels to offer (Henn-na Hotel) George in NY State Hotel, NYC, Plaza Hotel) Choice and Holiday Inn Messaging HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY The Roosevelt SABRE founded as the first free was the first hotel introduces the are first to introduce Alaska Hotel NYC, first online reservations system in-room eAAsy Sabre Oracle TECHNOLOGY to provide first in-room online booking capability Airlines, hotel in the world by American Airlines movies launched announces electricity to all telephones HFTP founded. first to to install TV's Oracle Hyatt uses guest rooms Choice Hotels (Formerly offer online Cloud Messenger International and NAHA) check-in. First Launch of Promus, first to offer to interact automated with guests CSNET (by First telephones guests real-time electronic NSF, USA) for hotel rooms access to central reservation Goring Hotel, (Teledex Corp.) reservations system Sørnes invented Conrad London, first Expedia introduced by the VingCard, the Hotels & hotel to offer The first Vacation Rental by launched First Sheraton world’s first Resorts The Savoy London, the first en-suite Owner (VRBO) is listed on the (founded in-room recordable key launch first Guest luxury hotel in Britain, offered bathrooms internet (Aurora, Colorado) from within iPad (The electric lights throughout the card door lock. Shiji service Room Microsoft) Plaza Hotel enabled building, electric lifts, Internet Travel Network (ITN) Founded Keyless NYC) brand app bathrooms in most rooms with Westin first to support use oversees the first airline ticket Entry hot and cold water of major credit cards for booking made over the web Travelocity website reservations & check-out launched

1946 1979 1983 2013 Eric Orkin 2018 1928 Best Western 1961 Texas International Airlines 1987 1990 1999 2000 2005 Expedia 2015 2017 1912 1969 2009 Hotels founded TWA created the first launches Delphi Amadeus founded Worldspan formed by Ctrip Launch of Trivago acquires 62% of Expedia Amadeus Shiji Group Titanic PAN-AM First 1931 Westin first chain to Introduces frequent-flyer program using Management to act as a neutral Delta, Northwest & launched Baidu founded Virgin Airlines acquires acquires receives $486 1889 1906 1907 airline to start **ASTA trivago HOTEL ECOMMERCIAL sinks introduce 24 HR airline to offer The Savoy The Ritz London Hotel Adlon regularly milage tracking to give Systems global distribution TWA Airlines Cvent Travelocity TravelClick million investment international **(American 1946 room service London opened opened Berlin opened 1945 scheduled 'rewards' to its passengers system (GDS) by founded 2004 in-flight wifi from Alibaba flights. Between Society of Travel Avis Rent a Car ECOSYSTEM Kayak IATA founded in-flight Air France, Iberia, 1998 Group US & Central / Agents) founded Starts as first 1972 Alibaba Kayak first to 2010 2012 movies 1985 Lufthansa & SAS Metasearch South America airport car rental Launch of founded 2008 offer mobile Delta Airlines K.L.M. Royal Dutch Airlines starts Meet & Seat, a way to Start of modern American Airlines debuts their Dynamic 1996 launched service Lastminute.com TripAdvisor Airbnb travel booking via launches social select seats based on the social profiles (LinkedIn or airport and Inventory and Maintenance Optimizer Cheapflights (later launched Founded iOs app media ticket sales Facebook) of fellow passengers airline security system (DINAMO) Momondo) launched

2019 2020 1917 1930 2008 2013 Airbnb's internal 1927 1957 1962 1975 Thomas Cook 1908 American Waldorf Astoria 1952 Hyatt Hotels ReviewPro 2012 Priceline validation 1919 1925 Marriott G6 1967 Foundation of 1983 1985 Bankruptcy The Statler 1910 Hotel introduces Construction Founded 1960 2007 Airbnb acquires 2017 1849 Conrad The first Hospitality Accor the World The Ritz Ryanair founded lowered from The American Association International Room Service of the first ITT HOTREC launched Kayak 1841 IH&RA (International Hotel & 1886 Hotel Company motel / Motel 6 Hotels Carlton founded 1993 Shiji Group $31bn to $26bn HILTON was founded 1929 casino hotels Tourism Best HOTEL MARKET First Travel Agency Michelin Guide was Hotel Protective created (Sheraton) founded MGM Grand founded "Neighborhoods" ($1.8 bn) acquired Restaurant Association) opened opened in The Disney brothers founded Organisation founded Western opened - Abreu Agency, founded Association was 1926 buys St Regis Las Vegas ReviewPro founded first hotel San Luis reincorporated under (WTO) First Eco Groupon 2016 acquired Airbnb filed established in Porto by founded Introduction HSMAi 1954 New York to 1966 opens in Texas Obispo, the name Walt Southwest 1971 First Boutique Label in founded Starwood WorldHotels for IPO Bernardo Abreu of USALI founded First Holiday Inn build its California. Disney Productions Airlines was Shangri-La Hotel opens in NY Tourism Marriott (US) Holiday Franchising Luxury Hyatt Hotels (Ian Schrager & (Blue Flag) Merger Inn started Division founded group founded Corp. acquires Huazhu Group Steve Rubell) Miraval Group acquires Deutsche 2015 Chinese HNA Tourism 1970 Hospitality HSMA Germany Shanghai Jin Jiang Group acquires Carlson AccorHotels founded International Hotels Group Hospitality Group acquires Mövenpick acquires Louvre Hotels Group Hotels & Resorts IHG acquires Six Senses Hotels Resorts Spas from AccorHotels Group Wyndham Hotel Pegasus Capital Advisors acquires FRHI Hotels Minor International Group acquires Dolce for $300 million. & Resorts and its purchases of 94.1% Hotels & Resorts Fairmont, Raffles and of Spain's NH Hotels Swissôtel brands

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IN COLLABORATION WITH NOVEMBER 2020 // EDITORIAL INFOGRAPHIC // TIMELINE