DOCSLIB.ORG

Ccis in the Basque Country

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ccis in the Basque Country CCIs in the 2010-2023 Basque Country A journey through the development of the Basque cultural and creative sector Table of Contents Click to access the index Navigable PDF *** This document is optimized to use with Acrobat Reader. When opening it directly from a browser, some functionalities may not run properly. *** The content of this publication has been prepared between October 2019 and March 2020, prior to the Covid-19 pandemic. CCIs in the 2010-2023 Basque Country A journey through the development of the Basque cultural and creative sector Table of Contents Introduction Conclusions 5 Phase 0 Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 130 Origins (prior to 2012) Exploring CCIs in the Basque Going further in depth in The future of CCIs Basque District of Culture Interview with Joxean Muñoz, 24 Country (2012-2015) CCIs (2016-2018) (2019) and Creativity – BDCC References Former Vice-Minister of 38 56 92 (2020-2023) 132 Culture of the Basque 116 Government Conceptual delimitation Firming up knowledge of the Cross-cutting policies 7 of the CCIs: a qualitative cultural and creative sector to support CCIs: Implementation of the pilot Biographies approach 57 one step further and consolidation of the 136 38 92 BDCC (2022) Timeline of development of CREADIS3: coordinating 117 CCIs in the Basque Country Quantitative approach: regional public policies Prioritising cultural and (2012-2023) the CCIs in numbers 61 creative sectors within the Strategy for the promotion of 18 40 RIS3 strategy: a collaborative Intellectual Property in CCIs - Cross-cutting policies to exercise Through BDCC RIS3: CCIs as land of support CCIs 97 118 opportunity 65 42 Cross-fertilisation between Statistic on Public Funding Conceptual delimitation of lands of food opportunity of Cultural and Creative CCI sub-sectors and CCIs Industries 75 99 121 Navigable Creative Industries Designing the pilot for the Cross-fertilisation: PDF Click and navigate Statistics Basque District of Culture Personalised Health and through the different phases 77 and Creativity - BDCC Sustainable Cities 101 121 *** This document is optimized to use with Acrobat Reader. When opening it directly from a browser, some functionalities may not run properly. TABLE OF CONTENTS CCIs in the Basque Country Phase 0 Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Haz "click" y navega por las diferentes fases CCIs in the 2010-2023 Basque Country A journey through the development of the Basque cultural and creative sector Points that draw lines, lines that create shapes and shapes that build creative societies. Creativity is the ability to create something different, either from scratch or from different elements that already exist. The design of this publication refers to the journey of a creative process. The three basic elements are evoked: the vacuum as the phase 0, the point as the first graphic expression, the line as a succession of points and the planes as a succession of lines (Point and line on the plane, Wassily Kandisnky). Thus, each of the chronological phases that make up the recent evolution of the CCIs in the Basque Country is represented by a graphic element with Phases the same number of points: the point, the line, the triangle and the square. The creation of this iconography allows the distinction of each one of the chronological "Phases" which, combined with "Experiences" and "Voices" complete this narrative. Experiences Voices TABLE OF CONTENTS CCIs in the Basque Country Phase 0 Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Click and navigate through the different phases Introduction Bingen Zupiria Minister of Culture and Linguistic Policy Basque Government This publication takes a chronological journey through the under the framework of the RIS3 strategy (Research and evolution of the cultural and creative sector in the Basque Innovation Strategy for Smart Specialisation) in the Basque Country in recent years: from initial studies and institutional Country. Lastly, phase IV (2020-2023) introduces the Basque efforts to understand and support the CCI sector, to District of Culture and Creativity (BDCC), as a one-stop-shop conceptual and sectorial delimitation, development of new project and service portfolio for CCIs that is integrated and qualitative and quantitative studies and implementation multi-scope. of new supporting instruments in different fields, such as innovation and internationalisation. Initiatives such as the In each phase, in addition to reviewing the period's main ones carried out under the framework of the CREADIS3 milestones to build a detailed chronology of development of project or Basque District of Culture and Creativity (BDCC), CCIs in the Basque Country, opinions from both public and conclude the publication and lay forth lines for the future in private agents in Basque CCIs and good practises related to the Basque Government's institutional investment in CCIs as the CCIs are included. a driver for innovation and socioeconomic development. Lastly, this publication seeks to raise visibility for the vast The initial phase, or phase 0, introduces the origins that diversity and wealth in the Basque cultural and creative gave way to the intense work conducted in the following sector through the different sectors and all throughout the years to solidify the Basque cultural and creative sector, Basque region. Its content is also a way to acknowledge work begun around the year 2012. Next, phase I introduces CCIs' engagement and innovative contribution to the Basque initial qualitative and quantitative approaches to the reality Country's socioeconomic development. of CCIs in the Basque Country (2012-2015), followed by phase II, going further in depth in the knowledge of this reality This timely recognition of CCIs’ value constitutes the (period 2016-2018). Phase III (the year 2019) shows actions fundamental basis on which the consolidation of the Basque and initiatives to design and lay the foundation for future Country, as an innovative and creative country, must be development of the cultural and creative sector, particularly founded. This is, a long-term commitment, built day by day. 6 | CCI | | CCI | 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS CCIs in the Basque Country Phase 0 Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Click and navigate through the different phases BIO Interview with Joxean Muñoz Former Vice-Minister of Culture o of the Basque Government ORIGINS and EXPLORATION OF CCIs we believed that the economic aspect of cultural activity (until the year 2016) required further attention. Important sectors such as design, advertising, digital content development, architecture, etc., In this initial phase of development of CCIs in the Basque were left out from our policies. Under the previous legislative Country, a remarkable milestone was the publication of the term, the Government had taken some steps by starting up European Commission's Green Paper. What brought the lines to support creation spaces ("Creation Factories") in Basque Government to commit to this political-strategic collaboration with cultural agents who had been working in positioning, what did you come up against, and what was cultural and social innovation, with a cross-cutting vision and the status of the cultural and creative sector at that time? a clear desire to interweave with the country's industries, but a specific policy for the cultural and creative sector as such The beginning of the process that brought us to the current had yet to be formed. reality of the Basque cultural and creative sector took place in 2013. At the beginning of that legislative term, with Cristina Within this context, we considered the need to design an Uriarte as Minister, we were facing a challenge: Europe appropriate strategy in the Basque Country for a sector that wanted to promote the cultural and creative sector, which had yet to take shape. The very concept of CCIs, the idea was considered to be a strategic sector, and we, here, in the of a creative sector, was not widespread in our area. So, we Basque Country did not have a defined policy for this new began, as we always begin, with knowledge policies. We area that went beyond the cultural industry sector we had commissioned a set of theoretical and statistical projects been caring for through public policies. What until then had so we could best delimit the CCI sector and discover their been a central element in European cultural policy, through situation in the Basque Country in detail. the Media Europe Plan (development of audio-visual content as a great European initiative) became part of a more To undertake this task, we requested the collaboration of complex strategic project, Creative Europe, which promoted Sinnergiak Social Innovation (Social Innovation Centre the development of cultural and creative industries in all promoted by the University of the Basque Country/Euskal European States and regions. Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)). Knowing that the researchers from this centre (with Javier Echeverría and We were aware that the European Union's requirement Alfonso Unceta in the lead) had already drawn up reports CCIs in the revealed a shortcoming in our public policies: cultural policy on CCIs, we asked them to frame the issue from a general Basque Country: was restricted solely to the cultural sphere (creation, art, theoretical perspective, to summarise the main documents to heritage and cultural industries: audio-visual, printing, music, focus the issue, with special emphasis on EU guidelines, and a journey through performing arts, etc.) and economic development policies did to collect data that would provide an initial approximation to the development of not reach the cultural sector. This was due to their structural the sector's reality in the entire Autonomous Community. weakness from a business perspective, the singularity of the Basque cultural their activity, the intangible nature of their value, etc. As such, and creative sector 8 | CCI | | CCI | 9 TABLE OF CONTENTS CCIs in the Basque Country Phase 0 Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Click and navigate through the different phases Sinnergiak's contribution was fundamental.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Female Improvisational Poets: Challenges and Achievements in the Twentieth Century
    FEMALE .... improvisational - ,I: t -,· POETS ...~1 Challenges and Achievements in the Twentieth Century In December 2009, 14,500 people met at the Bilbao Exhibi­ tion Centre in the Basque Country to attend an improvised poetry contest.Forty-four poets took part in the 2009 literary tournament, and eight of them made it to the final. After a long day of literary competition, Maialen Lujanbio won and received the award: a big black txapela or Basque beret. That day the Basques achieved a triple triumph. First, thou­ sands of people had gathered for an entire day to follow a lite­ rary contest, and many more had attended the event via the web all over the world. Second, all these people had followed this event entirely in Basque, a language that had been prohi­ bited for decades during the harsh years of the Francoist dic­ tatorship.And third, Lujanbio had become the first woman to win the championship in the history of the Basques. After being crowned with the txapela, Lujanbio stepped up to the microphone and sung a bertso or improvised poem refe­ rring to the struggle of the Basques for their language and the struggle of Basque women for their rights. It was a unique moment in the history of an ancient nation that counts its past in tens of millennia: I remember the laundry that grandmothers of earlier times carried on the cushion [ on their heads J I remember the grandmother of old times and today's mothers and daughters.... • pr .. Center for Basque Studies # avisatiana University of Nevada, Reno ISBN 978-1-949805-04-8 90000 9 781949 805048 ■ .~--- t _:~A) Conference Papers Series No.
    [Show full text]
  • Before Babel: a History of Basque Literatures
    Before Babel: A History of Basque Literatures Joseba Gabilondo BαRβaπoaK © 2016 Barbaroak. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper. Design: Joseba Gabilondo. Photographs: Wikimedia commons. ISBN: 978-1530868322 Library of Congress Cataloging Data: PH5281 .G33 2014 Barbaroak, LLC. www.barbaroak.com Only Basques preserve, to our days, their vulgar and barbarian language, which does not show any elegance, and is very different from the rest of languages and the most ancient of Spain, […] it is said that the whole Spain made use of the Basque language before the Romans entered these provinces and, with their arms, spread their language. It is also said that, because these Basque people were vulgar, ferocious, and wild […] and the mountains they inhabited were inaccessible, they never fell completely under the yoke of the foreign empire, or they shook it swiftly. Juan de Mariana, General History of Spain, (1601). What are we waiting for while congregated in the forum? The barbarians are expected to arrive today. Why is there such lack of action in the senate? Why are the senators sitting still and do not legislate? Because the barbarians will arrive today. … Why are the streets and public squares becoming empty? And everybody is going home with skeptical thoughts? Because night has fallen and the barbarians did not arrive. Some people came from the border And reported that the barbarians do not exist anymore. Now what are we going to do without barbarians? These people were after all a kind of solution. Constantine P. Cavafy. “Waiting for the Barbarians.” (1904; translation by Konstantinos Karpozilos).
    [Show full text]
  • Basque Literary History
    Center for Basque Studies Occasional Papers Series, No. 21 Basque Literary History Edited and with a preface by Mari Jose Olaziregi Introduction by Jesús María Lasagabaster Translated by Amaia Gabantxo Center for Basque Studies University of Nevada, Reno Reno, Nevada This book was published with generous financial support from the Basque government. Center for Basque Studies Occasional Papers Series, No. 21 Series Editor: Joseba Zulaika and Cameron J. Watson Center for Basque Studies University of Nevada, Reno Reno, Nevada 89557 http://basque.unr.edu Copyright © 2012 by the Center for Basque Studies All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Cover and Series design © 2012 Jose Luis Agote. Cover Illustration: Juan Azpeitia Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Basque literary history / edited by Mari Jose Olaziregi ; translated by Amaia Gabantxo. p. cm. -- (Occasional papers series ; no. 21) Includes bibliographical references and index. Summary: “This book presents the history of Basque literature from its oral origins to present-day fiction, poetry, essay, and children’s literature”--Provided by publisher. ISBN 978-1-935709-19-0 (pbk.) 1. Basque literature--History and criticism. I. Olaziregi, Mari Jose. II. Gabantxo, Amaia. PH5281.B37 2012 899’.9209--dc23 2012030338 Contents Preface . 7 MARI JOSE OLAZIREGI Introduction: Basque Literary History . 13 JESÚS MARÍA LASAGABASTER Part 1 Oral Basque Literature 1. Basque Oral Literature . 25 IGONE ETXEBARRIA 2. The History of Bertsolaritza . 43 JOXERRA GARZIA Part 2 Classic Basque Literature of the Sixteenth to Nineteenth Centuries 3. The Sixteenth Century: The First Fruits of Basque Literature .
    [Show full text]
  • Nabo), Incorporated Ipar Amerikako Euskal Elkarteak 1973-2007
    19 THE NORTH AMERICAN BASQUE ORGANIZATIONS (NABO), INCORPORATED IPAR AMERIKAKO EUSKAL ELKARTEAK 1973-2007 by Argitxu Camus Etchecopar CAMUS ETCHECOPAR, Argitxu Boise Basques: dreamers and doers / by Gloria Totoricagüena Egurrola. – 1st ed. – Vitoria-Gasteiz : Central Publications Service of the Basque Government, 2002. p. ; cm. – (Urazandi ; 3) ISBN 84-457-1919-X 1. Vascos-Boise (Idaho). I. Euskadi. Presidencia. II. Título. III. Serie 9(=1.460.15:796) Published: 1st edition, december 2002 Print run: 750 © Administration of the Basque Autonomous Community Departament of Presidency Executive director: Josu Legarreta Bilbao Internet: www.euskadi.net Published by: Central Publications Service of the Basque Government Donostia-San Sebastián, 1 – 01010 Vitoria-Gasteiz Designed by: Canaldirecto. Bilbao Phototosetting: Printed by: Artes Gráficas ELKAR, s. Coop. ISBN: 84-457-1919-X Legal Deposit: BI-1933/07 Note: The printing department of this publication is not responsible for the content or opinions contained within the pages of the individual books of this series. Table of Contents Boise 9 Aurkezpena / Presentation ..................................................... 14 Hitzaurrea / Preface ............................................................ 16 Acknowledgements ........................................................... 20 Introduction .................................................................... 24 Chapter one: The Phenomenon of Basque Migration and the Definition of Key Concepts ......................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Towards a Taxonomy of Modern Oral Litterature
    TOWARDS A TAXONOMY FOR BASQUE ORAL POETRY BERTSOLARITZA by Xabier Fidel Paya Ruiz A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of MPhil (B) Modern European Studies Department of Modern Languages College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham October 2012 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Word count: 19,999 Student ID Number: 1144151 INDEX Introduction 5 1. The art of Bertsolaritza: oral sung improvisation in the Basque Country 9 1.1. The study of Bertsolaritza 12 2. The taxonomy: structure, framework and classification 17 2.1. The structure of the taxonomy 18 2.1.1. A polyhedral approach: the faceted analysis 18 2.2. The theoretical framework of the taxonomy 19 2.2.1. Theoretical framework 20 2.2.2. The communication unit 24 2.2.3. The main axes of the taxonomy 25 2.2.4. Description of the taxa 29 2.2.4.1. Identification 29 2.2.4.2. Content 31 2.2.4.2.1. Theme 31 2.2.4.2.2. Melody 35 2.2.4.2.3.
    [Show full text]
  • Orality and Basque Nationalism: Dancing with the Devil Or Waltzing Into the Future?
    Oral Tradition, 16/1 (2001): 3-28 Orality and Basque Nationalism: Dancing with the Devil or Waltzing into the Future? Linda White The Language Situation in the Basque Country The Basque Country in northern Spain is comprised of two autonomous communities, also known by the names Euskadi and Navarra, as their respective polities refer to themselves. There are three traditional provinces within Euskadi: Araba, Gipuzkoa, and Bizkaia. There are also three Basque provinces in France, but this discussion will be limited to the Basque Country in Spain.1 1 Interest in Basque language and literature must necessarily awaken interests in other areas as well. Placing the language in its proper cultural milieu exposes us to works by Robert Clark (1979, 1984) and Stanley Payne (1975), and to Joseba Zulaika’s Basque Violence (1988) for twentieth-century Basque history and the ineluctable impact of events on Euskara (the Basque language), nationalism, and the struggle for Basque autonomy. Migration plays such a large role in the Basque story that this topic as well is soon added to the list of fields of study (Douglass and Bilbao 1975). But even within language and literature and their purlieu, diverse avenues of exploration are constantly emerging, such as Jacqueline Urla’s (1978, 2000) studies of the significance of Euskara to Basque identity. The hegemonic Basque literary histories, including those of Luis Villasante (1961), Luis Michelena (1960), Santiago Onaindia (1975), Ibon Sarasola (1976), Luis Mari Mujika (1979), Jon Juaristi (1987), and Jon Kortazar (1990) inform us about the written variety of Basque literature (although they all mention the oral aspect to some degree).
    [Show full text]
  • The Interaction Between Orality and Literacy in the Basque Country A
    The Interaction between Orality and Literacy in the Basque Country A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Vanesa Arozamena IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Adviser: Ofelia Ferrán June 2010 i Acknowledgements This dissertation could not have been written without the help of many people. First of all, I have to thank my committee members, Ofelia Ferrán, Ana Forcinito, Francisco Ocampo, Antonio Dorca and Joseba Gabilondo, for all their support. Ofelia, thank you for reading my dissertation chapters so carefully and for giving me so many useful comments. Francisco, thank you for allowing me to audit your pragmatics class and for all your input on Linguistics. Ana, thanks for all you help with feminist theory. Toni, thanks for having agreed to do a directed reading with me, and for your help with publishing my article. Joseba, thanks for having agreed to be on my committee and for believing in me, even before you met me. Thank you for reading some of my chapters and for having shared your article and information on Basque studies. I also want to thank René Jara for encouraging me to do my PhD, and to write about the Basque Country, as well as for all the conversations we had. I have been very lucky to meet two of the authors I write about in my dissertation, Kirmen Uribe and Bernardo Atxaga. They both came to Minneapolis, and I was able to attend their reading sessions. I want to thank both of them for having kept in touch with me, answering my questions and sharing articles with me.
    [Show full text]
  • Papers of the Thirty-Seventh Annual Meeting of the SEMINAR on the ACQUISITION of LATIN AMERICAN LIBRARY MATERIALS
    SALALM and the Area Studies Community SEMINAR ON THE ACQUISITION OF LATIN AMERICAN LIBRARY MATERIALS XXXVII HAROLD B. LEE Liwwn BRIQHAM YOUNG UNIVERSIT> PROVO, UTAH SALALM and the Area Studies Community SALALM Secretariat General Library University of New Mexico SALALM and the Area Studies Community Papers of the Thirty-Seventh Annual Meeting of the SEMINAR ON THE ACQUISITION OF LATIN AMERICAN LIBRARY MATERIALS Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection University of Texas at Austin Austin, Texas May 30-June 4, 1992 David Block Editor SALALM Secretariat General Library, University of New Mexico ISBN: 0-917617-39-8 Copyright (c) 1994 by SALALM, Inc. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America HAROLD B. LEE LIBRARY BRIQHAM YOUNG UNIVERS1T> PROVO, UTAH Contents Preface ix Acknowledgments xi The State of Area Studies 1. Area Studies in the Twenty-First Century 3 Dayvdd J. Greenwood 2. Latin America in a Public Planet 11 Greg Urban 3. El V Centenario desde el punto de vista indígena en Ecuador 19 José E. Juncosa Multiculturalism 4. Miami and the Cuban Revolution: Ties across the Straits of Florida 27 Tony A. Harvell 5. San Antonio: Capital of Insurgent Mexico 43 William Beezley 6. Commentary 52 Henry Schmidt 7. Vascos en USA: problemas bibliográficos 54 Jon Bilbao 8. Eusko Bibliographia: antecedentes, estado actual y proyectos 62 Luis Moreno vi Contents 9. Base de datos de bibliografía vasco-americana 71 Maribel García Mazo 10. Basque on the Title Page 80 Linda White Figures in the History of SALALM and the Latin American Book Trade 11. Genaro García: Portrait of a Book Collector 97 Carmen Ramos Escandan 12.
    [Show full text]
  • Te International Legacy of Lehendakari Jose A. Agirre's
    Conference Papers Series No. 13 Te International Legacy of Lehendakari Jose A. Agirre’s Government Edited by Xabier Irujo and Mari Jose Olaziregi Center for Basque Studies Press University of Nevada, Reno Tis book was published with generous fnancial assistance from the Basque Government Conference Papers Series, No. 13 Series Editor: Xabier Irujo Center for Basque Studies University of Nevada, Reno Reno, Nevada 89557 http://basque.unr.edu Copyright © 2017 by Center for Basque Studies All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Cover photo: Jose Antonio Agirre Lekube’s speech during Aberri Eguna, Day of the Basque Homeland, 1933 in Maitea Jai-Alai, Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Basque Country. Photo source: Wikimedia Commons, via Fondo Foto Car. Ricardo Martin Book design: Daniel Montero Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Olaziregi, Mari Jose, editor of compilation. | Irujo Amet- zaga, Xabier, editor of compilation. Title: Te international legacy of Lehendakari Jose A. Agirre’s gov- ernment / edited by Mari Jose Olaziregi and Xabier Irujo. Description: Reno, NV : University of Nevada, Reno, [2017] | Series: Conference papers series ; no. 13 | Includes bibliographi- cal references and index. Identifers: LCCN 2017019539 | ISBN 9781935709817 (pbk. : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Aguirre y Lecube, José Antonio de, 1904- 1960--Exile. | País Vasco (Spain)--History--Autonomy and independence movements. | Spain--History--Civil War, 1936-1939--Governments in exile. | Nationalists--Spain--País Vasco--Biography. | Presidents--Spain--País Vasco--Biogra- phy. | Basques--Foreign countries--Biography. | Political refu- gees--Spain--Biography. Classifcation: LCC DP302.B43 A4846 2017 | DDC 946/.6081092 [B] --dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017019539 Contents Foreword Te International Legacy of Lehendakari 1 Agirre’s Government Juan J.
    [Show full text]
  • THE BASQUE COUNTRY–EUSKAL HERRIA 8 the Basque Parliament the Basque Government 4.2.2
    culture society sport inmigration The Basque politics Country economy administration research Insightdevelopment into historyits culture, history, society diaspora and institutions health territory justice industry people tourism fi estas gastronomy geography customs language This document is included in the catalogue of the Basque Government General Library: http://www.euskadi.net/ejgvbiblioteka. If anything defi nes the Basque Country, small in both size and population, it is its multifaceted society – an enormous multi-coloured prism of social, political, economic and cultural realities which crystallise in a strong collective identity. Osakidetza headquarters in Bilbao. Publication: January 2009 Edition: 1,500 copies © Basque Autonomous Community Internet: www.euskadi.net Published by: Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Argitalpen Zerbitzu Nagusia Servicio Central de Publicaciones del Gobierno Vasco Ongi etorri means «welcome» in Donostia-San Sebastián 1 • 01010 Vitoria-Gasteiz Euskara (the Basque language). Written by: Ramón Zallo and Mikel Ayuso Photographs: Mikel Arrazola©. Eusko Jaurlaritza • Gobierno Vasco Joseba Bengoetxea Other sources Layout: Grupo Proyección. Rúbrica Translation: BITEZ® Logos® Printing: GRÁFICAS VARONA S.A. I.S.B.N.: 978-84-457-2867-3 The Basque fl ag («ikurriña» in Euskara) waves from atop the Vizcaya Bridge in Portugalete Legal deposit: Vi. 18-2009 (Bizkaia), a World Heritage Site. culture society sport inmigration politics economy administration research development history diaspora health territory justice industry people tourism fiestas gastronomy geography customs language Vitoria-Gasteiz, 2009 Index PREFACE 4. POLITICAL ORGANISATION 24 About this handbook Terms used 4.1. Political organisation of Euskadi and the Statute of Autonomy 4.1.1. Proposal for a new Political Statute PART ONE: THE COUNTRY AND ITS PEOPLE 4.1.2.
    [Show full text]