A DESCRIPTION OF LEADING CHARACTER’S CONFLICTS FOUND
IN ANGIE THOMAS’ NOVEL THE HATE U GIVE
A PAPER
BY A.K. KHAIRUDDIN REG. NO. 152202027
DIPLOMA III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2019
Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I am A.K KHAIRUDDIN, declare that I am the sole author of this paper.
Except where the references is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.
No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary education.
Signed :
Date :June, 27th2019
Universitas Sumatera Utara COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
Name : A.K KHAIRUDDIN
Title of Paper :A Description of Leading Character’s Conflict Found in
Angie Thomas’ Novel The Hate U Give.
Qualification : D-III / Ahli Madya
Study Program : English
I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the direction the Librarian of Diploma-III English Study Program Faculty of Cultural Studies
USU on the understanding that users made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.
Signed :
Date : June, 27th2019
Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRAK
Judul dari kertas karya ini adalah A Description of Leading Character’s Conflict Found in Angie Thomas’ Novel The Hate U Give. Masalah dan tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konflik dari karakter utama yang digambarkan dalam novel. Metode yang digunakan penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan untuk mendapatkan data-data tertentu dengan mencari dan mengumpulkan beberapa buku yang berkaitan dengan Deskripsi konflik dalam karya sastra. Kemudian, penulis mengutip kalimat atau kata-kata yang menunjukkan konflik, lalu kemudian menggambarkannya. Dalam kertas karya ini, penulis menggunakan teori konflik oleh Tennyson (1967). Ia membagi konflik menjadi dua bagian, yakni konflik internal dan konflik eksternal. Deskripsi makalah ini akan menggambarkan deskripsi konflik internal Starr dan juga konflik eksternalnya dengan orang-orang sekitarnya. Starr memiliki Konflik sendiri yang ada di dalam dirinya sendiri yang dianggap sebagai konflik internal. Dan konflik dengan masyarakat atau karakter lain yang memiliki ketidaksepakatan satu sama lain yang dinamakan sebagai konflik eksternal. Kata Kunci: Karakter Utama, Konflik Internal, Konflik Eksternal.
Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRACT
The title of this paper is A Description of Leading Character's Conflict Found in Angie Thomas' Novel The Hate U Give. The problem and purpose of this study is to find out the conflict of the main characters described in the novel. The method uses by the author in this study is library research to obtain certain data by searching and collecting several books related to the description of conflict in literary works. Then, the author quotes sentences or words that indicate the conflict, then describes it. In this paper, the writer uses conflict theory by Tennyson (1967). He divided the conflict into two parts, namely internal conflict and external conflict. The description of this paper will describe a description of Starr's internal conflict and also its external conflict with those around him. Starr has its own conflicts which is within itself which is considered an internal conflict. And conflicts with other people or characters who have disagreements with each other are called external conflicts. Keywords: Leading Character, Internal Conflict, External Conflict.
Universitas Sumatera Utara ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, I would like to thank to Allah SWT for blessing and giving me health, strength and inspiration to finish this paper as one of the requirements to get
Diploma-III certificate from English Department Faculty of Cultural Studies,
University Sumatera Utara.
Then I also would like to express a big gratitude, appreciation, and love to :
• The Rector of University of Sumatera Utara, Prof. Dr. Runtung Sitepu, SH,
M.Hum.
• Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S. and the head
of Diploma-III English Study Program, Dra. Swesana Mardia Lubis,
M.Hum who gives me their time and knowledge about doing this paper and
lecturer.
• Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M.Hum as my Supervisor, for his time and
advice to correct the process the process of writing this paper and all the
lecturers in English Diploma Study Programwho has given me valuable
knowledge during my study in this faculty,And also Kak Harimurti or also
known as Kak Dede, thank you so much for helping me in administration.
• My parents, Erwin Shaharuddin Hutasuhutand Khairiza Hafny
Hasibuanfor supporting, praying, spirits and believing in me.
• My senior high school friends Infinitefor their kindness and also all the jokes
on their mind.
Universitas Sumatera Utara • My friendsHelena Pane,Nadya Aristi, Lola Selviana,Richa Ompusunggu,
Khalida Sabrina, Mai Sarah and last Siti Maisarah, you always support me
when I’m tired to make a paper, give me solution, and you want to help me
when I need you.
• And the last I would like to saythank to all ofSOLIDAS friends, thank you for
your good time during my study, Thank you for your fully support, also
reminds me to do this paper, for all of your jokes, good times, and other things
that make a sweet memory in college. Thank you for the great friendship since
in college
Medan, June2019
The Author,
A.K. Khairuddin
Reg. No. 152202027
Universitas Sumatera Utara TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION...... i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ...... ii
ABSTRAK ...... iii
ABSTRACK ...... iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... v
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... vii
1. INTRODUCTION ......
1.1 Background of the Study ...... 1
1.2 Problem of the Study ...... 3
1.3 Purpose of the Study ...... 3
1.4 Scope of the Study……………………………………………...... 4
1.5 Significance of the Study…………………………………………...... 4
1.6 Method of the Study…. … ...... 4
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ......
2.1 Novel……………………………………………………………...... 5
2.2 Characters and Characterization ...... 6
2.3 Conflict……………………………………………………………… ...... 7
2.4 Type of Conflict ……………………………………………………… ...... 8
Universitas Sumatera Utara 3. THE DESCRIPTION …………………………………………………………. .
3.1 Starr’s Internal Conflict ...... 11
3.2 Starr’s External Conflict ...... 19
3.2.1 Starr’s External Conflict with Christ ...... 19
3.2.2 Starr’s External Conflict with Detective Gomez ...... 22
3.2.3 Starr’s External Conflict with Hailey ...... 24
3.2.4 Starr’s External Conflict with Society ...... 30
4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ......
4.1 Conclusion………………...... 31
4.2 Suggestion…...………...... 32
REFERENCES………………… ......
APPENDICES……..………………………......
Universitas Sumatera Utara CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Literature, most generically, is anybody of written works. More restrictively, literature is writing considered to be an art form, or any single writing deemed to have artistic or intellectual value, often due to deploying language in ways that differ from ordinary usage. According to Edgar Robert (1993:1) says that Literature is the art of written works. Literature is writing which expresses and communicates thoughts, feelings and attitudes toward life. Yet many of the things which we know call literature began life without being written at all.
Literature itself can be classified based on whether it is fiction or non-fiction, and whether it is poetry or prose. It can further be distinguished according to the main forms such as novels, short stories or dramas.
Novel is an important branch of literature. Novels often talk about the problem of human life, which is a picture of life in various relationships between humans and their environment. In narrative works, Characters take an important part of a novel. (Abrams, 1981: 20) says, "Characters are people who are presented in dramatic or narrative works, which are interpreted by readers as endowed with moral qualities and dispositions expressed in what they say - dialogue - and by what they do
- action. Just like characters, conflict is also important to discuss because it provides basic
Universitas Sumatera Utara materials for plot development. Conflict is a challenge that must be solved by the main character to achieve their goals. Without conflict, nothing will happen.
Conflict is an important element in the novel to build a literary work that relates to characters, lines, and backgrounds that are part of the intrinsic elements in literary works. Without conflict, literary works will feel bland and conflict is the most dominant problem present in literature and without conflict a plot of literature cannot be known.
The conflict is divided into two, namely internal and external. Internal conflict or inner conflict is a conflict that occurs within humans based on feelings of pleasure, difficulty, happiness and disappointment. internal conflict is a problem that occurs in a character and experiences struggle within him without being caused or affecting other people around him. While external conflict is a problem that occurs with other factors outside the self.
In this paper, the author want to describe the conflict in the novel The Hate U
Give. This novel was written by Angie Thomas, published in February 2017. The novel tells the story of Starr Carter, a sixteen-year-old black girl, living between two different worlds. The slum environment where she was born then grew up, and prestigious high schools on the outskirts of the city where he attended school. The balance of the two worlds she desperately guarded was shattered when Starr became the only witness of the tragedy of the shooting of his friend, Khalil, by a police officer. Even though at that time Khalil was not armed. The reason why the author
Universitas Sumatera Utara chose the hate novel is given because this novel tells about a racism to black people this is very interesting to discuss and also often occurs in human lives.
The reason why the author choose to describe this topic is because conflict is an interesting thing to know and be familiar with human life, by choosing this topic the author can also learn and understand conflict more specifically.
1.2 Problem of the Study
The problem of the study in this paper are :
1. What are the leading character’s Internal conflicts portrayed in the novel?
2. What are the leading character’s External conflicts portrayed in the novel?
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The purpose of this study are :
1. To find out and explain the leading character’s Internal conflict portrayed in the
novel the hate u give written by Angie Thomas.
2. To find out and explain the leading character’s External conflicts portrayed in the
novel the hate u give written by Angie Thomas.
Universitas Sumatera Utara 1.4 Scope of the Study
Based on the problem of study, the scope of this paper is limited to the leading character in terms of Starr. The focus of description is meant to explain Starr’s conflict such as Internal and External conflicts.
1.5 Significance of the Study
The significances of study are:
1. Theoretically, the significance of study is the reader will understand about the
conflicts in the novel the hate u give by Angie Thomas, especially on the main
characters of the novel and increase the literary understanding of conflicts in
character or novel.
2. Practically, the study can be used as reference for learning and understanding
about conflicts in a novel besides to give contribution to some study of literature
to reader through this paper. This paper also can be used as reference for further
study for those who are interested in doing the some topic
1.6 Method of the Study
In this paper the author uses a novel as data source from Angie Thomas’s
Novel The hate u give. Reading and taking note method is apparent in this paper. The selection was first done by reading the novel and then the notes were taken to identify the sentence that shows the conflict such as Internal and External. After that, the author quoted the sentence or word that shows the conflicts and described that.
Universitas Sumatera Utara CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Novel
Novel is a part of literary works which is usually known as narrative prose concerned with length of the story and a complex plot which is the result of human real experience and their imagination. Novel is usually published as a book.
The content of the novel is longer and more complex than the content of the short story, and has no structural limitations. A novel usually tells or describes the life of a human being who interacts with the environment and also its neighbors. In a novel, the author usually does his best to give the reader directions to know the hidden message as a picture of the reality of life through the stories contained in the novel.
Peck (1983:1) explains that novels are often about the relationship individuals and the society in which they live. A story of the novel often tells about the characters explained in his or her social life, and it relates with where the story takes place.
From that statement we know that character in novel same like human life who has individual relationship and social life in their own story.
Universitas Sumatera Utara 2.2 Characters
Character is a very important element in literary works such as novel, drama, or even poems. The character can be human, or even animal. In a novel, the character usually dominated by human as the character, while the character in a novel has his or her own personality equal to human.
The personality of the character will lead the character to act such emotional, behavioral, and all the logical things that deals with the problems which be faced by the character. Therefore, the character of the novel mostly has a value of a human in real. Gill (1985:172) says, “The most important thing to remember is that you can only learn about character from the words of the play; that is, from the dialogue.”
From the statement above, we know that the only way to understand about a character in a novel is from the words and the quotations which are created by the author.
In reading a novel, usually the author will present several characters for the reader that will appear in the novel when the reader read the entire story of the novel.
There are two major types of character, they are round character (Major character) and flat character (Minor character). Major characters are vital to the development and resolution of the conflict. In other words, the plot and resolution of conflict revolves around these characters.
Koesnobroto (1988:67) states that leading character or sometimes called major character is the most important character in the story. Basically, a story is about this character, but he cannot stand on his own, he needs other characters to make the story more convincing and lifelike. The leading characters in fiction or in a play is called protagonist.
Universitas Sumatera Utara The minor characters can be defined as the supporting characters of the major characters that their function is to illuminate the major characters. Minor characters serve to complement the major characters and help move the plot events forward. The appearance of minor characters is usually infrequently.
2.3. Conflict
According to Stanford (1999:40), conflict means a struggle between two opposing forces may be in form of a class of action, ideas, desire and will. Conflict is also a struggle between desires within a person of struggle of a character against him or herself conscience, his or her guilt or simply to decide what he or she is going to do.
Tennyson (1967:14) says that there are three basic of conflicts in all plot of prose fiction. The three basic conflicts most frequently cited are:
1. The individual in conflict with himself.
2. The individual in conflict with another individual
3. The individual in conflict with an outside force or forces.
From the statements above, we can conclude that the conflict divided into two types such as internal conflict (when the individual in conflict with himself), and external conflict (When the individual in conflict with another individual and outside force and forces).
Universitas Sumatera Utara 2.4 Types of Conflict
Conflict are divideinto two, namely internal conflict and external conflict.
Internal conflict is a conflict that occurs in human beings, which is based on feelings of pleasure, hard, happy and disappointed. External conflict is a conflict that occurs because of the influence of outsiders, maybe family environment, community environment, and education/school environment. External conflict manifests itself as man versus other man, man versus nature, man versus society and man versus fate.
a. Internal Conflict
Man versus Self conflict, is a conflict which exist inside the
character. This conflict is about the struggle of a character with himself,
Struggles with morality, fate, desire and belief, too. This form conflict is
central to the character or characters and must be resolved by the character
alone. Every good character suffers from the weight of internal conflict; it
lends them an air of complex believe ability.
Internal conflict is also known as man versus self or person versus self.
While internal conflict is necessary for good characters, it is the least
complicated form of conflict. Internal conflict is a private war within oneself.
It could be anything from deciding between two or more choice, to deciding
many things in our personal life. There is internal conflict between good and
evil; strength and weakness; love and hate. Internal conflict refers to
emotional or analytical struggles a character has due to his values, his role and
society, or the company he finds with himself.
Universitas Sumatera Utara b. External Conflict
External conflict can be divided into three type :
Man versus Man, is the most fundamental type of external conflict.
This form of external conflict occurs when a character struggle against another character. These struggles may be born from moral, religious or social differences and may be emotional, verbal or physical conflicts. Man versus man is almost always the conflict present when a hero fights a villain. This form of conflict may present alone, or in conduction with other external conflicts. Man vs. man is when there is a conflict of two forms of like beings.
There are usually several arguments/ disagreements before the climax is reached. The conflict is external. Person vs. person can usually be expressed by when a child is being ridiculed by a bully.
Man versus Society, is the form of conflict which often represented by a person who is an outcast or by a character who tries to break the normal rules of the society that has established. Man versus society is also a theme in fiction in which a main character’s group, main source of conflict is social traditional or concepts. In this sense, the both sides are the protagonist, and society of which the protagonist included. Man vs. Society conflict gives the playwright an opportunity to comment on positive/ negative aspects of society as whole.
Man versus Nature, conflicts occur when character, or character, find themselves at odds with forces of nature. A character struck by lightning,
Universitas Sumatera Utara characters whose boat sinks in a storm and a character who struggles against hypothermia in a snow storm are all characters man versus nature conflicts.
Universitas Sumatera Utara CHAPTER III
THE DESCRIPTION
3.1 Starr’s Internal Conflict
Starr Carter, a 16-year-old black girl, lives in two different worlds. The slum environment where she was born then grew up, and a prestigious high school in the suburbs where she attended school. The balance of the two worlds that she desperately guarded was shattered when Starr became the only witness of the tragedy of the shooting of his friend, Khalil, by a police officer. Even though at that time
Khalil had no intention.
Starr’s internal conflict can be seen when Starr wants to say something to the police and paramedics but not deliver to them. It can be pictured at the following quotation:
“The cops rummage through Khalil’s car. I try to tell them to stop. Please, cover his body. Please, close his eyes. Please, close his mouth. Get away from his car. Don't pick up his hairbrush. But the word never come out." (The Hate U Give, 2017: 29)
From the quotation above it shows that she had her thoughts about Khalil’s body where she wishes she could say it to all the people in front of her. She didn't even feel special when all the attention is pointed at her. The lights and everyone's eyes were at her but she didn't feel special. She wished she could throw all the words that collided in her head, but she can’t.
Universitas Sumatera Utara Another mind battle of her is starting when she at home, watching her favorite show all alone. She wishes she can be herself in Williamson, her school.
Starr's internal conflict can be seen when Starr hopes for herself to be herself in her school. It can be pictured at the following quotation:
"I just wish I could be myself at William like Will was himself in
Bel-Air." (The Hate U Give, 2017: 39)
From the quotation above it shows that Starr want to be herself at her school, so far Starr did not become herself and changed her attitude so that she would not be ostracized at school because almost all students in the school were white people
Then Starr realize that Williamson Highschool and Garden Heights could not unite because she remembers the incident when in seventh grade she invited
Maya and Hailey to stay overnight, but Hailey did not come because her father did not want Hailey to stay at Garden Heights which was a slum, and Maya came but she asked her father to pick him up because she heard a gunshot on the street corner. Starr’s internal conflict can be seen when Starr realizes that the world she lives in and the school cannot be united. It can be pictured at the following quotation:
"That's when I realized Williamson is one world and Garden
Heights is another, and I have to keep them separate." (The Hate U
Give, 2017: 39)
From the quotation above it shows Starr realize Williamson dan Garden Heights is a different world. She is actually afraid with her other friends will know if Starr from a bad environment and is considered rude. That's why she has to make sure
Universitas Sumatera Utara that she can separate both of her characteristics in two different places because
Williamson and Garden Heights are actually two different worlds she lives in.
Starr’s internal conflict can be seen when she had her mind battle in
Khalil’s funeral. It can be pictured at the following quotation:
"I'm at school, trying not to think about what he'll look like in the coffin, how many people will be there, what he'll look like in the coffin if other people will know I was with him when he died ... what he'll look like in the coffin." (The Hate U Give, 2017: 106)
Khalil’s funeral will take place on Friday. Right one week after he died. From the quotation above it shows Starr tried not to think much about what Khalil like in the coffin or what other people would think about him, including whether people knew he was a witness to the incident or not.
Starr’s internal conflict can be seen when she arguing with herself again about how her relationship with her boyfriend. It can be pictured at the following quotation:
“Chris didn’t pull us over, he didn’t shoot Khalil, but am I betraying who I am by dating him?” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 107)
From the quotation above it shows that Starr arguing herself again when she thinks about why she had a relationship with his white boyfriend. She felt she was betraying herself while actually, her boyfriend didn't take her skin color as a matter.
Starr’s internal conflict can be seen when she felt scared because she witnessed the incident of Khalil and what if people know about that. It can be pictured at the following quotation:
Universitas Sumatera Utara "If it's revealed that I was in the car, what will that make me? The thug ghetto girl with the drug dealer? What will my teacher think about me? My friends? The whole fucking world, possibly?" (The Hate U Give, 2017: 115)
From the quotation above it shows another self-conflict that appears when Starr afraid of the views of others if other people knew that she with Khalil that night and found out when Khalil was a drug dealer even though at that time Khalil is still in a "suspected" drug dealer.
Starr's internal conflict can be seen when she realizes that the police who involve in that accident not arrested because she did not state her mind at that time. It can be pictured at the following quotation:
"All of this is my fault. The riots, gunshots, tear gas, all of it, are ultimately my fault. I forgot to tell the cops that Khalil got out with his hands up. I didn't mention that the officer pointed his gun at me. I didn't say something right, and now that cop's not getting arrested." (The Hate U Give, 2017: 140)
From the quotation above it shows Starr feel guilty for all the things she forgets in that accident if she just can state it clearly maybe it wouldn't be so complicated, maybe she should say that Khalid practically raises his hands and the police are pointed his gun right in front of her.
The next morning after the riots that stated above, Seven asked her to go out to make her not sad again but she still afraid that the disturbance still continues. Starr's internal conflict can be seen when she afraid that people might know that she is the eye-witness from that case. It can be pictured at the following quotation:
Universitas Sumatera Utara “What if somebody knows I’m the witness? What if they know that it’s my fault that cop hasn’t been arrested? What if we come across some cops and they know who I am?” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 142)
From the quotation above it shows that Starr is really afraid to go outside, she afraid to pass the police and the demonstrators on the street whereas her father says it all happened only at the East but the morning news says that it was totally fine.
There was a thing happened in Carlos's house when Starr sits along with
Chris and has a small talk there. Starr's internal conflict can be seen when she was arguing her feelings toward Chris. It can be pictured at the following quotation:
“I still don’t know if I’m betraying who I am by dating Chris, but
I’ve missed him so much it hurts.”(The Hate U Give, 2017: 162)
From the quotation above it shows Starr is confused about whether she betrays herself by dating Chris or not. She misses Chris that much until it hurts her but her mind keeps stating the opposite way, especially about her appearance.
There a time when Starr and her mother had a conversation at the restaurant before they have an interview, Starr's internal conflict can be seen when she keeps blaming herself for what happened to Khalil. It can be pictured at the following quotation:
“I should’ve known better. Should’ve known Khalil better.” "You had no way of knowing, baby," she says. “That’s the thing. If I would’ve been there for him, I ---” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 256)
Universitas Sumatera Utara From the quotation above it shows that Starr always blames herself for what happened to Khalil. she regrets that she couldn’t always be with Khalil even though Khalil is her best friend since childhood.
Starr’s internal conflict can be seen when Chris and Maya came to her house, she confuses what to do when they starta conversation at his house. It can be pictured at the following quotation:
“Chris and Maya walk through the gate, and my stomach gets all jittery. I should be used to my world colliding, but I never know which Starr I should be. I can use some slang, but not too much slang, some attitude, but not too much attitude, so I'm not a "sassy black girl." I have to watch what I say and how I say it, but I can't sound "white." (The Hate U Give, 2017: 353)
From the quotation above it show that Starr trying so hard to act like white and don't want to be judged as a wild black girl in front of her friend and boyfriend even though they are totally fine with her but she keeps overthinking with it.
Starr's internal conflict can be seen when she talked with her boyfriend,
Chris. Suddenly, she had low self-esteem and she felt bad about her father. It can be pictured at the following quotation:
“We shouldn’t be together,” I say. “Why not?” “My old house in Garden Heights could fit in your house.” “So?” “My dad was a gangbanger.” “My dad gambles.” “I grew up in the project.”
Universitas Sumatera Utara “I grew up with a roof over my head too.” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 371) after Starrtells the background of her father, then she says her views when people saw their relationship. It can be pictured at the following quotation:
“It takes them a second to realize we’re a couple.” “Who gives a fuck?” “Me.” “Why?” “Because you should be with Hailey.” He recoils. "Why the hell would I do that?" “Not Hailey. But you know. Blond. Rich. White.” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 372)
From the quotation above it shows that Starr feels so insecure about going out with Chris because of her father's bad past, she even thought Chris should be with other people than with her who is black.
Starr's internal conflict can be seen when she was on the way seven grandmother's house. She thought that Khalil's death isn't really a thing to take as a serious crime. It can be pictured at the following quotation:
“I told the truth. I did everything I was supposed to do, and it wasn’t fucking good enough. Khalil’s death wasn’t horrible enough to be considered a crime.
But damn, what about his life? He was once a walking, talking human being. He had a family. He had friends. He had dreams. None of it fucking mattered. He was just a thug who deserved to die.” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 383)
Universitas Sumatera Utara From the quotation above it shows that Starr is angry because she feels that her statement isn’t enough to state that Khalil is innocent and she also keeps thinking about the opinions of others who did not defend Khalil because she thinks Khalil deserved to live.
Universitas Sumatera Utara 3.2 Starr’s External Conflict
3.2.1 Starr’s External Conflict with Chris
In every relationship there is always a conflict, in this case, it is not easy for Starr who is black who is dating a white man named Chris. The problem they faceis about differences of opinion as well, and also the secrets of Starr, who didn’t want to discuss with Chris.
Starr’s external conflict with Chris can be seen when Starr and Chris talking about Starr’s problem, and Starr doesn’t want to talk about it. It may be pictured at the following quotation :
"I'm sorry, actually," I tell him, shifting my weight from foot to foot. "for giving you the silent treatment. It wasn’t about the condom.” “Oh...” His eyebrows meet. “Then what was it about ?” I sigh. “I don’t feel like talking about it.” “So you can be mad at me, but you can’t even tell me why ?” “It has nothing to do with you” “Yeah, it does if you’re giving me the silent treatment,” he says. “You wouldn’t understand” “Maybe you should let me determine that myself?” he says. “Here I am, calling you, texting you, everything, and you can’t tell me why you’re ignoring me? That’s kinda shitty, Starr.” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 160)
From the quotation above it shows that Starr doesn't want to tell why she ignores
Chris and gives no reason to Chris. The reason Starr didn't want to tell Chris that the problem had nothing to do with Chris.
Universitas Sumatera Utara There is a reason why Starr ignores Chris about Starr's problem. It because
Starr thought that Chris will not understand the problem of black people and Chris white people.
Starr’s external conflict with Chris can be seen when Starr mentions their differentskin colors.But Chris did not know that the problem with Starr is skin color differences, Chriss considered skin color differences not a problem. It may be pictured at the following quotation :
“You’re white, okay?” I yell. “You’re white!” Silence. "I'm white?" he says, like he's just hearing that for the first time. "what the fuck's that got to do with anything?" “Everything! You’re white, I’m black. You’re rich, I’m not” “That doesn’t matter!” he says. “I don’t care about that kinda stuff, Starr. I care about you.” “That kinda stuff is part of me!” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 160-161)
From the quotation above it shows that Starr thinks that black people's problem is not related to the white people even Chris, but Starr didn’t think that Chris will understand from the words of Starr who feel the difference in skin is a problem.
The fact Chris is sincere, he had a relationship with Starr without seeing anything in, especially his skin color.
Starr’s external conflict with Chris can be seen when Chris for silencing her for no reason and Starr get mad for that. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
Universitas Sumatera Utara But it’s Saturday, and I’m sitting in a Rolls-Royce on my way to prom with a boyfriend who isn't saying much of anything to me. Chris is more interest in his phone. (The Hate U Give, 2017: 288)
From the quotation above it shows that Chris ignore Starr and just focus on his phone in here Starr still patiently faces Chris who silences her. After arriving in prom Chris still ignore Starr and she gets mad when Chris asked to take a photo together. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
What do you know, Chris remembers he came with somebody and walks over to our table. He says hey to Maya and Rayn, then ask me, “ you wanna take pictures or something?” His tone is all robotic again. On a scale of one to ten on the “I’m done” meter, I’m at about fifty. “No thanks,” I tell him. “I’m not taking pictures with somebody who doesn’t wanna be here with me.” He sighs. "Why do you have to have an attitude?" “Me? You’re the one giving me the cold shoulder.” “Dammit, Starr! Do you wanna take a fucking picture or not?” The “done” meter blows up. Ka-boom. Blown to pieces. “Hell no. Go take one and shove it up your ass.” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 293)
From the quotation above it shows Chris wants to ask Starr take a picture in a flat tone anddoesn’t show any interest at all, because from the beginning Porm Chris ignores her, Starr became angry at the end they quarreled and cursed.
Starr’s external conflict with Chris can be seen when Starr feeling not confident about dating Chris. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
Universitas Sumatera Utara “You’re ever notice how people look at us?” “What people?” “People,” I say. “It takes them a second to realize we’re a couple.” “Who gives a fuck?” “Me.” “Why?” “Because you should be with Hailey.” He recoils. “Why the hell would I do that?” “Not Hailey. But you know. Blond. Rich. White.” “I prefer: Beautiful. Amazing. Starr.” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 372)
From the quotation above it shows Starr overthinking about their relationship and make her not confident because she thinks Chris better dating white people who like Chris than her who is the opposite of Chris, poor, daughter of a gangster, and black.
3.2.2 Starr’s External Conflict with Detective Gomez
After the incident where Khalil shot by the police, Starr was called to the police stationwith her mother because only Starris the only witness to the incident to give a statementas well as actual evidence. The one who handles his case is a detective named Gomez. At the beginning of the interview, everything went good but at the end of the interview, Detective Gomez instead cornered Starr as if
Khalil guilty of his own case not the police who shot Khalil.
Starr’s external conflict with Detective Gomez can be seen when Starr offended by the Detective Gomez question. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
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"No, ma'am," I say to Gomez. "He was getting out on his own, and the officer yanked him the rest of the way." She says “I see” again, but she didn’t see it so she probably doesn’t believe it. “What happened next?” she ask. “The officer patted Khalil down three times.” “Three?” Yeah. I counted. “Yes, ma’am. He didn’t find anything. He then told Khalil to stay put while he ran his license and registration.” ”But Khalil didn’t stay put, did he?” she says. “He didn’t pull the trigger on himself too either” Shit. Your fucking big mouth.(The Hate U Give, 2017: 101-102)
From the quotation above it shows Starr mad at Detective Gomez because
Detective Gomez looks like she doesn’t believe Starr and keep asking questions that are not important to find Starr mistakes. After that, when at the end of the interview Detective Gomez continue his questions such as wanting to find fault
Khalil and Starr, Detective Gomez asked whether they are using alcohol or not and ask about whether Khalil is using and selling drugs because those questions make Starr furious. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
“We just want the whole picture, Mrs. Carter. That’s all” “One-Fifteen killed him,” I say. “And he wasn’t doing anything wrong. How much of a bigger picture do you need?” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 105)
From the quotation above it shows Starrwas angry and also her mother, Detective
Gomez like wanting to try Starr and Khalil, instead of investigating the police who shot Khalil. Even Detective Gomez hasn't ask anything about the police.
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3.2.3 Starr’s External Conflict with Hailey
Starr and Hailey are good friends since junior high school together with their friend one more named Maya. The three of them remain friends until now in high school and attend the same school. They are also members of the school basketball team so that their friendship gets tighter. But in every friendship, there are always differences of opinion or words that make offense accidentally, especially when Starr experiences the Khalil incident making her more sensitive.
Starr’s external conflict with her friend Hailey can be seen when Hailey says "fried chicken" to Starr when Starr doesn't play basketball properly. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
“Dammit, Starr!” Hailey yells, recovering the ball. She passes it to me. “Hustle! Pretend the ball is some fried chicken. Bet you’ll stay on it then.” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 113)
After that conversation, Starr goes away from basketball court but Hailey and
Maya chased after her and tell that was a joke. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
“Lighten up! It was only game talk.” “a fried chicken joke was only game talk? Really?” I ask. “It’s fried chicken day!” she says. “You and Maya were just joking about it. What are you trying to say?” I keep pacing. Her eyes widen. “Oh my God. You think I was being racist?”
Universitas Sumatera Utara I look at her. “You made a fried chicken comment to the only black girl in the room. What do you think?” “Ho-ly shit, Starr! Seriously? After everything we’ve been through, you think I’m a racist? Really?” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 114)
From the quotation above it shows Starr is angry and very offended by Hailey's words for calling her fried chicken, Starr also accuses Hailey of being racist for saying that. For black people, fried chicken is an insult to them because in the past poor black people could only eat fried chicken while mostly rich white people often ate beef steaks which were expensive for black people from 1950-1990.
A few days after the incident of fried chicken, there a protest "Justice for
Khalil" during the first lesson at school but Hailey very happy to be truant on the grounds of the protest. Starr who hear it was angry and yelled at everyone including Hailey.
After the incident on the basketball court about the fried chicken and the protest "Justice for Khalil," Starr and Hailey did not talk to each other. Maya, who didn't want her friends to fight, invite Starr and Hailey to her house to make them make up, but the stubborn Hailey still didn't want to apologize for the incident on the basketball court and Starr, who was stubbornly unwilling to forgive her if she continues to behave like that. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
“Guys, stop!” Maya Says. “Hailey, if Starr wants us to apologize, fine, we can apologize. Starr, I’m sorry for protesting. It was stupid to use a tragedy just to get out of class.” “We look at Hailey. She sits back and folds her arms. “I’m not apologizing when I didn’t do anything wrong. If anything, she should apologize for accusing me of being racist last week.”
Universitas Sumatera Utara “Wow,” I say. One thing that irks the hell out of me about Hailey? The way she can turn an argument around and make herself the victim. She’s a master at this shit. I used to fall for it, but now? “I’m not apologizing for what I felt,” I say. I don’t care what your intention was, Hailey. That fried chicken comment felt racist to me.” "Fine," she says. (The Hate U Give, 2017: 240)
From the quotation above it shows Starr is still very angry over the incident of fried chicken and add to the protest incident. Hailey, who was very stubborn, still refuse to apologize, but Hailey tells Starr to apologize to her for accusing her of being racist. In the end, Maya's intention to make them make up didn't work,but it got worse.
After debating the comments of fried chicken and protests at school, they didn’t talk to each other anymore and watch interviews on TV about the shooting of Khalil. News of this interview interviewed the police father who shot Khalil, when the police father is interviewed he says as if cornering Khalil and as if his son is innocent.As a result of the interview, Starr and Hailey argue again and quarrel because according to Hailey the police who shot Khalil is not guilty because he only did his duty. Starr who hears it angry again because according to her Khalil's life is still important.
Starr's external conflict with her friend Hailey can be seen when Starr is offended again by Hailey's words about the police who shot Khalil. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
“His son lost everything because he was trying to do his job and protect himself. His life matters too, you know?”
Universitas Sumatera Utara I cannot right now. I can’t. I stand up or otherwise I will say or do something really stupid. Like punch her. (The Hate U Give, 2017: 244-245)
From the quotation above it shows Starr is very angry with Hailey whom she thinks the police innocentwithout thinking of Khalil being killed because those words Starr eager to vent his anger by punching Hailey but Starr didn’t want to do it because it would make their situation worse.
When Starr and Hailey are still debating the policeman and Khalil, Maya interrupts them and asked Starr what is wrong with her lately. But Starr didn't answer Maya's question and silent for a while, then after the silence, Starr immediately asks Hailey why she stops following her Tumblrand they argue again.
Starr's external conflict with her friend Hailey can be seen when Starr asks
Hailey why she stops following her Tumblr. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
“Cut the bullshit, Hailey. You unfollowed me. Months ago. Why?” She doesn’t say anything. I swallow. “Is it because of the Emmett Till picture?” “Oh my God,” she says, standing up. “Here we go again. I am not gonna stay here and let you accuse me of something, Starr---” “You don’t text me anymore,” I say. “You freaked out about that picture.” "Do you hear her?" Hailey says to Maya. "Once again, calling me racist."(The Hate U Give, 2017: 246)
Universitas Sumatera Utara From the quotation above it showsStarr curious to Haileywho stops following her
Tumblr, but Hailey didn’t tell the reason and instead accuse Starr that Starr accuses Hailey of being racist again. Because Hailey didn't want to argue anymore she finally left while saying the reason why she stops joining Tumblr Starr. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
She grabs her jacket off Maya’s bed and starts for the door. She stops, and her back is to me. “You wanna really know why I unfollowed you, Starr? Because I don’t know who the hell you are anymore.” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 246)
But actually, Hailey lied with the reason she said to Starr. Maya who knows the real reason for telling Starr. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
“She’s lying,” Maya says. “That’s not why she unfollowed you. She said she didn’t wanna see that shit on her dashboard.” I figured. “That Emmett Till picture, right?” "No, All the ‘black stuff,' she called it. The petitions. The Black Panther pictures. That post on those four little girls who were killed in that church. The stuff about that Marcus Garvey guy. The one about those Black Panthers who were shot by the government.” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 247)
From the quotation above it shows Hailey lie to Starr about the reason and Hailey actually uncomfortable with Starr's post about black people being kill in her dashboard.
A few days after Maya's house, Hailey comes to Starr with Maya at school and immediately ask about the 2 photos she carrying, one of their old photos that
Universitas Sumatera Utara have Khalil at 12 years old and the other is a photo of Khalil who looks like a thug. Hailey asks for an explanation of the photo because it meant that all this time Starr had lie to Maya and Hailey, but Starr refuses to explain by saying that
Hailey also owes him an apology. As a result of those words, Starr and Hailey begin to fight again.
Starr's external conflict with his friend Hailey can be seen when Hailey says that Khalil eventually killed because he was a drug dealer and tell Starr to forget about the Khalil incident. Hailey's words made Starr angry until Starr couldn't hold his emotions anymore. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
“So I’m supposed to ‘get over’ the fact he was murdered? “Yes, get over it! He was probably gonna end up dead anyway.” “Are you serious?” Maya says. “He was a drug dealer and a gangbanger,” Hailey says. “Somebody was gonna kill him eventually.” “Get over it?” I repeat. She folds her arms and does this little neck movement. "Um, yeah? Isn't that what I said? The cop probably did everyone a favor. One less drug dealer on the---" I move Maya out the way and slam my fist against the side of Hailey's face. It hurts, but damn it feels good. (The Hate U Give, 2017: 337)
From the quotation above it shows Hailey is very outrageous, she said things that shouldn't say and his words prove that Hailey is racist. As a result of his words,
Starr who had been holding back his anger at Hailey, finally ventured it and punch
Hailey.
Universitas Sumatera Utara 3.2.4 Starr’s External Conflict with Society
Starr’s external conflict between society can be seen when Starr angry with everyone who participating in Justice for Khalil's protest just to skip class in the first lesson. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
“I wanna fight every person I pass, Floyd Mayweather style. They’re so damn excited about getting a day off. Khalil’s in a grave. He can’t get a day off from that shit. I live it every single day too” (The Hate U Give, 2017: 181)
From the quotation above it shows Starr piss off with everyone even her friends because participating in Justice for Khalil's protest just to skip class. She felt the protest was just an opportunity for them to skip class.
Another Starr’s external conflict between society can be seen when Starr leads the protestagainst the police for the justice of Khalil who is innocent and for justice for all black people. It may be pictured at the following quotation:
I turn to the cops. "I'm sick of this! Just like y'all think all of us are bad because of some people, we think the same about y'all. Until you give us a reason to think otherwise, we'll keep protesting." (The Hate U Give, 2017: 406)
From the quotation above it shows Starr lead the protest because at the trial of the
Khalil case, the police who shot him were free from the law and that made Starr very disappoint in the court. Also, Starr also leads this protest for the sake of the justice of all black people who always considered bad.
Universitas Sumatera Utara CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
4.1 Conclusion
After portraying the leading character’s conflict in Angie Thomas' Novel The
Hate U Give, it can be found some conflict that happened to the leading character. It can be internal conflict and external conflict. The conflict that involved others is called external. Starr is the leading character in the novel. Starr's internal conflict and external conflict that the writer found are Starr’s internal conflict with himself and
Starr's external conflict with people around her
Starr's internal conflict occurred after the shooting of Khalil, as a result of the that incident, Starr who is desperately separating between her world and the one in the school who falling apart because she is the only witness in the case. Starr began to overthinking andshe worried about what people think about her if people knew that she is a witness, she would be considered a black thug girl. this is a difficult condition for Starr where she wants to defend the innocent and unarmed Khalil but she afraid of the views of others about her and Khalil.
The external conflict faced by Starr is when she argues about herself and the
Khalil case with people around her and including a detective, her friends, and her boyfriend. It happens because she feels they would not understand her and also because of differences of opinion between them.
Universitas Sumatera Utara 4.2 Suggestion
During doing this paper, the author likes to read literature, especially when the author looks for the intrinsic elements of conflict. The conflict has moral lessons in the experience of other people's problems. We can expand our minds about other people's conflicts because the conflict itself can come out anytime in our lives. This is truly inevitable in our lives.
The Hate U Give Novel story teaches us to always be strong in any matter, don't be afraid to say something if it's true even though the whole world doesn't believe, because if we don't do it there will definitely be regret later.The conflicts of the story also reflect a moral value dealing with human’s life.
The author wishes to hope that readers of this paper must better understand the conflict itself rather than just assessing the problem. Hopefully, this article can also be a reference to the writing of conflicts in other novels.
Universitas Sumatera Utara REFERENCES
Gill, Richard. 1985. Mastering English Literature. London: Macmillan Education Ltd. Koesnosoebroto, Sunaryo Basuki. 1988. The Anatomy of Prose Fiction. Jakarta:
Proyek Pengembangan Lembaga Pendidikan Tenaga Kependidikan.
Peck, John. 1983. How to Study a Novel. London: The Macmillan Press Ltd
Peck, John. 1984. How to Study Literature. Hong Kong: Macmillan Education Ltd
Robert, Edgar and Henry E. Jacobs. 1955. Literature: An Introduction to Reading and
Writing. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc
Tennyson, G.B.1967. An Introduction To Drama. Los Angeles: University of
California
Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literature
Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angie_Thomas
Universitas Sumatera Utara APPENDICES
1. Biography of Angie Thomas
Angie Thomas was born in Jackson, Mississippi. She grew up near the home of assassinated civil rights activist Medgar Evers, and has stated that her mother heard the gunshot that killed him. When she was six years old, Thomas witnessed a shootout. The following day, her mother took her to the library to show her that
"there was more to the world than what [Thomas] saw that day", which inspired her to take up writing. Thomas earned a BFA from Belhaven University, a private
Christian college in Mississippi. Thomas was the first black student to graduate in creative writing.
While Thomas was a college student, she heard about the shooting of Oscar
Grant in the news. This story, compounded by the deaths of Trayvon Martin, Tamir
Rice, Michael Brown, and Sandra Bland were major influences on her novel The
Hate U Give. Before The Hate U Give, Thomas had been writing in the fantasy genre, but worried that her stories would not matter. She spoke with one of her college professors, who suggested that her experiences were unique and that her writing could give a voice to those who had been silenced and whose stories had not been told.
Thomas cites Tupac Shakur as inspiration for her writing.] She felt a wide range of emotions when listening to his music, and wanted to achieve a similar effect as a writer: "I want to make you think at times; I want to make you laugh at times; I
Universitas Sumatera Utara want to make you cry at times – so he was an influence in that way. "She has explained that the title of her book The Hate U Give was inspired by Tupac's THUG
LIFE tattoo, which was supposedly an acronym for "The Hate U Give Little Infants
Fucks Everyone". Thomas understands that to mean "that what society feeds into youth has a way of coming back and affecting us all".Thomas' own skills as a teen rapper were the subject of an article in the magazine Right On!.
In an interview with The Daily Telegraph, Thomas stated that she aims to
"show truth and tear down stereotypes" in her writing and goes further to say that it is important for the white community to listen to the grievances of the Black Lives
Matter movement. After its publication, The Hate U Give was optioned for a film adaptation by Fox 2000, starring Amandla Stenberg.
The Hate U Give, originally written as a short story, debuted at number one on the New York Times Best Seller list for young adult hardcover books within the first week of its release. The Hate U Give was written, as Thomas says, to bring light to the controversial issue of police brutality and the Black Lives Matter movement. In summary, this book tells the story of a girl named Starr Carter and how her life is impacted by the death of her friend, Khalil, an unarmed black teen shot by a white police officer. The Hate U Give deals with the effect of police brutality on the communities of those around the victim.
In 2018, the Katy Independent School District in Katy, Texas removed the book from its shelves after complaints over profanity, and a South Carolina police
Universitas Sumatera Utara union requested the book's removal from a school's summer reading list, because of what the union considered "almost an indoctrination of distrust of police."
Universitas Sumatera Utara 2. The summary of Novel The Hate U Give
Starr Carter, a sixteen-year-old black girl, attends a party in her neighborhood,
Garden Heights. Starr goes with Kenya, a friend with whom she shares an older half- brother, Seven. Ever since attending Williamson Prep, a primarily white school, Starr feels out of place in the Garden Heights social scene. When Kenya goes off with other friends, Starr runs into her childhood best friend, Khalil Harris, whom she hasn’t seen in a long time. Gunshots from a gang fight interrupt the party, and Khalil offers to take Starr home. While Khalil drives, he explains rapper Tupac Shakur’s idea that “Thug Life” stands for “The Hate U Give Little Infants F---- Everybody.”
Soon after, a white police officer with the badge number one-fifteen pulls them over.
Khalil questions the motivation for the stop, and One-Fifteen orders him out of the car and searches him. One-Fifteen commands Khalil not to move, and returns to his car. Khalil opens the door to check on Starr. One-Fifteen fatally shoots Khalil.
Starr has nightmares about the death of another childhood friend, Natasha, who died in the crossfire of a gang shooting. At school on Monday, Starr feels tense around Hailey and Chris, her white friend and boyfriend, as memories of Khalil’s death interrupt her thoughts and she realizes they don’t understand. At the urging of her uncle Carlos, a police officer, Starr goes into the police station after school with her mother, Lisa, to testify about Khalil’s shooting. Starr realizes that the officers are asking more questions about whether Khalil was a troublemaker than about the night of the shooting. She worries that justice for Khalil will not be served. At Khalil’s funeral, a lawyer and activist named April Ofrah confirms Starr’s fears when she announces that the police will not pursue legal action against One-Fifteen and invites
Universitas Sumatera Utara the attendees to a rally in Khalil’s honor. Starr blames herself for the police’s inaction. King, the head of a local gang called the King Lords, also interrupts the funeral and places a gray bandana on Khalil’s casket, signifying Khalil’s membership in the King Lords. April Ofrah tells Starr to call her if she needs legal representation.
The news that the police won’t prosecute One-Fifteen leads to days of protests in Garden Heights. During this time, Maverick, Starr’s father, explains to her his interpretation of Tupac’s phrase “Thug Life.” He believes that Thug Life describes a system designed against black communities. Only by speaking out can black communities begin to break the cycle. At the Carter family’s grocery store, a teenage member of the King Lords named DeVante begs Maverick, a former King Lord, to help him leave the gang. Maverick agrees. Starr sees DeVante’s request as a chance to help someone in a similar situation as Khalil. A few days later, Maverick gets into an argument with the neighborhood barber, Mr. Lewis. Although the argument is peaceful, two police officers intervene, and when they see Maverick is Starr’s father, they push him to the ground and search him. Between this scary event and pressure from Kenya, Starr decides that she will no longer be silent.
The District Attorney calls Lisa to announce that a grand jury will hear the case against One-Fifteen and asks if Starr will testify. Starr agrees, and April Ofrah decides to represent Starr pro bono, and also find a way to get Starr a television interview. Meanwhile, DeVante tells Starr that Khalil had never been a member of the King Lords and only sold drugs for King to protect his mother, who had stolen money from King. During Starr’s television interview, she decides, against Ms.
Ofrah’s advice, to talk about the truth behind Khalil’s drug dealing. Starr’s
Universitas Sumatera Utara implication of King enrages him. The night before her grand jury testimony, someone throws a brick and fires a gun into the Carter household. Unsure if the culprits are the
King Lords or the police, Starr almost backs out of testifying. However, she ultimately decides that Khalil needs her truth. She testifies before the grand jury.
Almost two months later, the grand jury announces their decision not to indict
One-Fifteen. Starr and some of her friends get caught up in the resulting riots. As she tries to avoid the chaos, Starr stumbles upon a protest led by Ms. Ofrah. She offers
Starr the megaphone, and Starr leads a chant in front of the protest. The police try to break up the protest with tear gas. Starr and her friends head to the Carter family store to get milk to help heal their eyes. A Molotov cocktail lands in the store, setting it ablaze and trapping them. Maverick arrives just in time to unlock the back door. King arrives to taunt them, proud about getting his revenge. The police arrive, and King, confident that no one will testify against him, claims ignorance. However, the neighbors rally around the Carter family and tell the police that they saw King throw the Molotov cocktail. The police arrest King. Although the grocery store is in ruins,
Starr knows that the family will rebuild. She vows to continue fighting for justice on behalf of Khalil and all other black people killed at the hands of police.
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