Origins Bringing forth life in and through

Letter from the Editor Judy Santos by Marcie Thomas Werner Eahard by Calvin Habig Timothy Gallwey by Carol Adams

Frederick Hudson by Robert Dale, Ph.D. Richard Kilburg by Bill Copper, PCC Co-Active Coaching by Chad Hall, MCC

FALL 2012 Letter from the Editor

Pioneers of Coaching

few months ago I was with a group of God. For this reason, we should give thanks for pastors and other leaders at a training coaching in all its forms and we would do well to A event in the mountains of Virginia. We honor those who have played a significant role in invested several days with one another learning helping birth the coaching movement. how to apply coaching to issues of faith, In this issue of Christian Coaching Magazine, we discipleship and evangelism. On the first day, want to focus on a handful of individuals who one of the participants asked a great question: played (and still play) a significant role in the “When a non-Christian coaches a non-Christian, world of coaching, thus helping all of us coaches can we anticipate there to be faith movement as have greater significance in the world. a result of their work together?” Every movement starts with movers — those Like any coach who trains, I turned the question people who are driven to think differently, to try first to the asker, then to the others in the room something different, and to make a difference. before ultimately offering my opinion. And my The coaching movement is no exception. Those response is merely that: opinion. The truth is of us who use the mindset, skill set, tools and that we don’t really know the matters of the soul, resources of coaching to minister to others owe especially someone else’s soul. There is a dark a debt to those who plowed the ground which we veil clouding our access. But lack of access now sow. didn’t prevent any of us from having an opinion! My prayer is that as you learn a bit more about From my experience and from what I see in some of the pioneers in the field of coaching that scripture, I believe all coaching has the potential you will appreciate their efforts and that you will to help others move forward in faith — that is to be inspired to ask yourself, “In what areas am I help either the coach or the person being being called to think differently, to try something coached move closer to knowing God, deeper in different, and to make a difference?” love for God, and more obedient in following

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 1 Christian Coaching History in the Making A Tribute to Judy Santos, MCC

by Marcie Thomas

t’s an exciting time to be in the coaching psychology is still emerging as neuroscience industry. The excitement stems from the I and brain imaging technology advances new fact that the field is still emerging—it’s still research and either affirms or disproves growing and being refined. Being a theory. psychology major I studied its history. Most people can agree that psychology is now an Consider the history of psychology in light of established discipline. However, that has not the history of coaching. Coaching roots also always been the case. Psychology roots can stem from multiple disciplines--psychology, be traced back to ancient civilizations, but it sports, philosophy, and business. And while was not until the late 1800s that psychology coaching has some early roots it wasn’t until began to distinguish itself from philosophy. the 1980s that interest and application began With that distinction, research into memory, to grow. Some could argue that the coaching conditioning, and thought processes began. field is only 30 years old. Compare that to Leaders in experimental psychology, applied psychology’s approximate 130 year history or psychology, behavioral psychology, cognitive counseling’s approximate 110 year history. psychology ad infinitum found audience. Because of its evolutionary growth, Theories and practice emerged and over time psychology it has many pioneers. , have been refined through evidence-based Abraham Maslow and Albert Ellis, for instance, research and critical peer review. We have are just as relevant to the field as Wilhelm now over 130 years of history in the field of Wundt, one of the “founders” of psychology. psychology. Some would still argue that The same will hold true for coaching. While

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 2 names like Thomas Leonard, Laura Whitworth Judy’s accomplishments include creating the and Gary R. Collins, PhD come to mind, we’ve Christian Coaches Network. Launched in only just begun. There is plenty of time and 1998, CCN helped to provide a Christian voice ample room for more names, new theories of for the coaching profession and helped practice, peer review, evidence-based coaches find community, support and research, and education. This is what makes collaboration. CCN made its debut as a virtual coaching exciting…watching this fledgling field community before Facebook and LinkedIn find its wings. were even conceptualized. Within CCN, she launched the first Christian coach referral service so that others could find Christian Seeing Christ in Coaching coaches. Under her CCN held the I believe that Judy Santos, MCC must have very first in-person Christian coaching also sensed the field’s potential and did what conference in 2003 and then in 2009 she led pioneers do best; take a risk, innovate and the first Christian coaching e-Summit, a virtual blaze the trail for others. Judy Santos is rightly global conference, using webinar and online considered one of the pioneers in the field of networking platforms pulling together some of Christian coaching. Early in her education at the best minds in coaching. Coach University she saw coaching principles Fran LaMattina, MCC, leadership coach and almost entirely compatible with scripture founder of Strategies for Greatness writes of (Santos, 2008) and began a journey (or was it Judy: “She was a pioneer in starting the a prompting by the Holy Spirit) of helping to Christian Coaches Network when none of us bring coaching to the Christian community. were thinking of such a need. She brought us Jackie Nagel, a fellow colleague at Coach U together and set up a legacy for Christian and the founder of Synnovatia writes: “She coaches to learn and be encouraged from spent countless hours lending her voice to each other. She loved the network and cared coach training. At the time, there was an deeply about its members—individually and overabundance of ‘’ thinking that was collectively. I was part of the board of the being expressed through coach training and network for a time and I observed her lead it Judy was determined to change the with purpose and commitment. She was a true conversation by doing what she could to entrepreneur in this area of her world influence the training and to shape the policies (LaMattina, 2010). for the coaching profession. She worked Obstacles tirelessly” (personal communication, August The obstacles were tremendous. First, 13, 2012). coaching was an ill-defined secular profession

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 3 and even much more so in the Christian the many benefits of coaching, but church community. People with good listening or leaders were even a tougher sell! In the early mentoring skills automatically assumed they days of CCN, the number of Christian coaches were coaching. The public struggled with just was smaller which made it challenging to how coaching could help them in everyday life, develop a healthy membership. That wasn’t while coaches struggled with how to present going to deter Judy, however! She had a vision coaching in terms of return on investment. for what she wanted for CCN and its members Even though most people “get it” today, there and never lost hope or gave up on that vision still is no single definition of coaching. This is despite the challenges she faced” (personal partly due to the global nature of the industry, communication, August 13, 2012). the divergent fields that helped comprise Judy was a keen master coaching instructor coaching’s roots, and the various agency imparting her knowledge to thousands of stakeholders’ deep financial and philosophical upcoming coaches and entrepreneurs over the interests. years. Best-selling author, Gary Collins writes Second, the online community concept was of Judy in his preface to the 2002 edition of his very new and many coaches were still trying to widely-acclaimed book, Christian Coaching: master everyday computer skills. Technology “She cheerfully coached me in every step of was rapidly changing. Within a few years of this book, read and critiqued the manuscript, being launched, technology that was cutting and offered many valuable suggestions. As edge quickly became outdated. It was an much as her expertise and insights, I onerous and expensive task to grow an online appreciated her consistent affirmation in my business in this climate of constant change. In work as the chapters went from my computer one of Judy’s newsletter editorials she jokingly to hers and back again” (Collins, 2002). envisioned the day when video cameras would She taught coach training courses at Coach be built into our computers. Three years later University, the Institute Life Coach Training co- technology caught up with the idea. leading the Christian track with her trusted Then in 2008, the US economy faced a colleague, Christopher McCluskey, PCC. In recession that threatened to slow down the 2004 Judy and Christopher co-launched the industry. Many emerging coaches closed their Christian Coach Training Institute. She coaching businesses or at the very least saw a specialized in helping new coaches master decline in coaching clients with excess their coaching skills. She also had a passion discretionary funds. for bringing coaching to the ministry. Together with Christopher, they created a coach training Jackie Nagel writes: “When Judy launched program specifically for those in ministry CCN, coaching was still in its infancy. She not leadership. Fran LaMattina writes: “Judy only had to convince the general population of

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 4 worked with Christopher McCluskey to train competencies and skills for the most part our North Point Community Church team on aligned with Biblical principles. Gary Collins the principles of coaching when most churches writes: “Her dedication to quality education did had no idea what that meant” (personal much to ground Christian coach training into communication, August 19, 2012). conformity with biblical truth and with the broader professional guidelines of the Christopher McCluskey, PCC, the founder and International Coach Federation. Perhaps more president of the Professional Christian than any else, Judy Santos set the tone for Coaching Institute writes in his personal what Christian coaching is today. We all owe eulogy of Judy: “Judy was the second person I her a debt of gratitude” (Collins, 2010). met upon entering the world of coaching, having been connected by our common coach, Judy was a great leader in the truest sense of Patrick Williams. It would be several years the word. Henry and Richard Blackaby write in before we met face-to-face but we found in their 2001 book Spiritual Leadership, “Leaders each other a common passion for integrating lead followers. Great leaders lead leaders.” our faith with the new field of coaching, and This was certainly true of Judy. Many of her we spent the next twelve years joyfully students and coaching clients were either laboring side-by-virtual side toward that end. leaders in their own right or were being Judy had launched the Christian Coaches groomed by the Holy Spirit for leadership in Network only weeks before and asked me to the field of Christian coaching. serve on her advisory board. I launched the Susan Whitcomb, PCC, the president and Christian Track at the Institute for Life Coach founder of The Academies writes: “Judy Training and asked her to be my co-facilitator. Santos was my first coach, back in 2001 when Anytime either of us had an idea for a way to I started my first formal coach training classes. reach more people with a distinctly Christian approach to coaching, we roped the other into our plans. And God prospered the work” (personal communication, August 17, 2012.)

Professional and Personal A strong proponent of professional coach training, she advocated for credentialing through the International Coach Federation (ICF), what she called the industry’s “gold westerncoaching.com standard.” In her opinion, the ICF core

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 5 I had discovered coaching, enrolled in ILCT's process” (personal communication, August 17, Christian Foundational Track, and mid-way 2012.) through that 4-month class, jumped into the coaching world with both feet by deciding to An Enduring Legacy launch my own career coach training school. Judy’s legacy lives on in the contributions of I'll never forget the surprise in Judy's voice her clients, her students and her esteemed when I told her about my ambitious timeline. colleagues. In addition to her pioneering And yet, in true coach fashion, she supported, contributions to the Christian coaching field, encouraged, and, in the next few months, she will forever be remembered for her quick reviewed and edited my curriculum to make wit, hearty laugh, and as Mary Verstraete, sure it was aligned with ICF competencies ... PCC, the co-founder the Center for Coaching often into the wee hours of the morning--I Excellence wrote: “her authenticity, her remember emails with timestamps of 2am, courage, her convictions, her fierce defense of 3am, 5am” (personal communication, August high coaching standards” (Verstraete, 2010). 10, 2012). As for the future of coaching, paradoxically, we Most of all Judy was a faithful Christian who are creating its’ history at this very moment. led her life with humbleness and integrity. Her Perhaps, in less than 30 years from now, purpose in life was “to make God smile.” Gary college students will be highlighting and Collins writes: “She was not a self-promoter scribbling on classroom textbooks titled: The but she reflected a quiet leadership, grounded History of Coaching. Just a few short months in humility and commitment to building others ago leaders representing a dozen coaching and developing the Christian coaching and academic organizations met to help build field” (Collins, 2010). common ground and to further advance the Christopher McCluskey describes in his eulogy coaching industry in what they called The of Judy: “I knew Judy well enough to know that Future of Coaching Summit. The summit she wouldn’t allow me nor anyone else to ended with the leaders agreeing to meet again focus on these accomplishments for long. to help define a globally agreed upon definition Judy was a visionary and a leader but she was of coaching and to develop a common set of humble and preferred to lead quietly from a core ethical standards. position far less conspicuous than those in What about the future of Christian coaching? which her work frequently placed her.” Susan Will we wait until the dust settles or will we Whitcomb writes: “She worked quietly, actively add our voice to the collective dialog diligently, and tirelessly--promoting Christian about the future of coaching? In 2009 Gary coaching and elevating the field, its coaches, Collins called for a “philosophical and and the people we serve in the

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 6 theological” review of the foundations that we wish Christian coaching to be built upon (Collins, 2009).

It is history in the making. I can’t help but wonder what Judy would do? Susan Whitcomb interviewed Judy in early 2010 about her perspective on the future of coaching. Her response was: “I see coaching as part-way down the trail, with lots and lots of road to still explore and paths to blaze. I really see that it’s just barely started; the Christian community is barely tapped. The mere existence of Christian coach training, Christian coaches, and Christian coach communities like CCN have made a statement that we exist. But really, we don’t know how far down the trail we are…because that’s part of the exploration. We do know there are 200 million professing Christians in this country and that calls for a lot of coaches…with plenty of coaching to go around” (Whitcomb, 2010).

Notes:

Blackaby, H., Blackaby, R. (2001). Spiritual Leadership. Nashville: B & H Publishing.

Collins, G. R. (2009). Celebrang the Present and Looking Ahead. Retrieved from hp:// www.chrisancoachingcenter.org/index.php/2009/03/celebrang-the-present

Collins, G. R. (2000). Chrisan Coaching: Helping Others Turn Potenal into Reality. NavPress.

Collins, G. R. (2010). Remembrances and Acknowledgements: Celebrang the life of Judy Santos. Retrieved from hp://chrisancoachingmag.com/?p=449

LaMana, F. (2010). Remembrances and Acknowledgements: Celebrang the life of Judy Santos. Retrieved from hp://chrisancoachingmag.com/?p=449

Santos, J. (2008). Chrisan Coaches Working Together. Journal of Chrisan Coaching, Spring 1(1), 19.

Whitcomb, S. (2010). Blazing a Trail: The life and contribuons of Judy Santos. Retrieved from hp:// www.chrisancoachingmag.com/?p=447

Verstraete, M. (2010). Remembrances and Acknowledgements: Celebrang the life of Judy Santos. Retrieved from hp://chrisancoachingmag.com/?p=449

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 7

by Calvin Habig, D.Min.

“At all times and under all circumstances, we have the power to transform the quality of our lives.”

The rise of the modern coaching 1991 in the face of a “” expose. He movement was aided by many leaders T has rarely returned, he says, in order to in different parts of the world. But few are as separate his controversial personality from the central, and none are as controversial, as dissemination of his teachings through Werner Erhard, who formulated theories that Landmark Education. are prevalent in coaching today and directly influenced many of the early leaders of the Background coaching movement. Werner Erhard was born John Paul Rosenberg And yet his influence reached beyond in 1935 in , PA. While his mother coaching. Millions have taken his est training was very devoted to him, his father was often and its successors “The Forum” and later absent because of his focus with the “Landmark Education.” Erhard was awarded restaurant business. His parents were the Gandhi Humanitarian Award for his Episcopalian and while he called “the belief in humanitarian efforts, particularly The Hunger God a total barrier, almost a total barrier to the Project. Fortune Magazine, in their 40th experience of God” (Erhard, “All I Can Do is Anniversary edition review of the most Lie”), Erhard self-identifies as an Episcopalian influential contributors to business to this day. management thinking listed Erhard and his est When Rosenberg was 18, his girlfriend Patricia training as the major business management became pregnant and the two married. They development of the 1970s, particularly in terms later had three more children. But seven years of empowering employees. And yet Werner into the marriage, Rosenberg abandoned Erhard sold his est empire and fled the US in Patricia and their children. Together with a new

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 8 girlfriend, June Bryde, they fled the east coast and flew to to begin a new life together. In order that their families would not find them, they both took new identities. On the flight from Newark to Indianapolis, Rosenberg was browsing through a copy of Esquire magazine. There he saw an article on that featured several eminent contemporary Germans. From that article, Rosenberg picked three names that he liked: “Werner” (from German physicist and philosopher ), Hans (from Click Here for More Info! Bishop Hanns Lilje) and Erhard (from economics minister and later chancellor ). (Bartley, 1978, p. 53) Thus Werner Hans Erhard was “born”.

For most of the decade of the 1960s Erhard worked in sales, selling correspondence courses, and then Encyclopedia Britannica’s Great Books Program. Later he worked for the Whoever I had been up until that point, Parents Magazine Cultural Institute. He rose I no longer was. I was on my way to from salesman to training manager, to regional work and that’s when I had the manager to vice president of Parents realization that what my life was about Magazine. was meaningless. The things I thought were so significant (looking The Transformation good and winning) really had no importance…. When I got over the It was while working at Parents Magazine in sadness, I realized I was free to make that Erhard had what he calls a life that I wanted to have. (Symon, his “transformational experience.” While he 2006) says the location (driving over the Golden Gate Bridge) was coincidental, he claims that when It was during this period and out of his own he exited the Golden Gate Bridge he was a search for meaning that Erhard began to substantially different person from the person gather the diverse philosophical ideas that who he had driven on: would result in his famous est program of the

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 9 1970s and 80s. His sources were wide and Erhard first got the idea of developing his own diverse: He read and was heavily influenced self-development course after studying the by ’s Think and Grow Rich and Dale Carnegie Course. He later trained in, by Maxwell Maltz’s Psycho-Cybernetics. and became an instructor in While at Parents Magazine, he became seminars. In fact, he was invited to become a familiar with the human potential movement partner in Mind Dynamics by the founder/ and the work of Carl Rogers and Abraham directors and William Penn Maslow. He was introduced to Zen Buddhism Patrick. He declined, however, formally by English philosopher and former Episcopal announcing in Sept. 1971 that he was going to clergyman . Watts and Zen had a develop his own seminars, the Erhard Seminar profound effect on Erhard: it was from Watts Training, or, est—generally pronounced “est”, that Erhard came to understand “the not “e. s. t.”. (est is also Latin for “It is”). distinction between Self The est trainings are complex and Mind.” (Bartley, to describe. Their content 1978; 118). O n e c r e a t e s f r o m nothing. If you try to was often publicly over- Most famously, Erhard shadowed by the techniques read widely from L. Ron create from something Erhard used during the H u b b a r d a n d w a s you are just changing training. In an interview with influenced by numerous something. So in order Barbara Walters, Erhard concepts within to create something describes the seminars as “a . This link course for people who are b e c a m e e x t r e m e l y you first have to be getting along in life problematic when able to create nothing. successfully and who are Hubbard began to see willing to expand their level of Erhard as an economic aliveness and competitor and consciously determined to satisfaction.” (Symon, 2006). undermine and discredit Erhard. This An est publication from 1977 describes est in competition was documented in the Los these words, Angeles Times in 1991 following Erhard selling est is concerned with transformation. his intellectual rights to est and fleeing the This is not merely semantics – there is a United States. (Welcos, 1991) real and crucial difference. Change is substituting one thing for another thing. His Own Program Transformation is a fundamental alteration of the context in which one holds or observes everything. est is

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 10 concerned with context; therapy is lives. We are left, possibly for the first time, concerned with content. est is concerned with a choice about who we are and who we with transforming the context in which can be, separate from these contexts. There is one views and experiences everything in a freedom and ability to take action that was life. est does not change what one unavailable before—even familiar actions knows; it transforms the way in which produce a whole new level of effectiveness. one knows. It is a human tendency to collapse what happened, with the story we tell about what happened. This collapsing happens so fast it An Overview of est becomes hard to separate the two, and we While a brief summary of Werner Erhard’s think of them as one and the same. Almost teachings is a very difficult task, excerpts from immediately, and certainly over time, the story the current syllabus of est’s successor “The we tell ourselves becomes the way it is—the Landmark Foundation” summarize many of the reality we know. It limits what is possible in our principles that Erhard taught: lives, robbing us of much of our joy and While we think of ourselves as open-minded effectiveness. When we are able to separate and objective, in fact our approach to what happened from our story or interpretation, ourselves, our circumstances and others is we discover that much of what we considered often filtered and even obscured by pre- already determined, given and fixed, may in existing notions and ideas—by our upbringing, fact not be that way. our values, our past A “ R a c k e t ” a s a n experiences. We [need to] “This is the work of unproductive way of being see those filters for what transformation: bringing or acting that includes a they are—an all- complaint that something pervasive influence that forth a breakthrough in shouldn’t be the way it is. profoundly colors our the possibility of being Often, we don’t notice that relationships with people, human.” while our complaints may circumstances and even seem justified, even ourselves. legitimate, there is a certain payoff—some In all human endeavors, context is decisive. … advantage or benefit we are receiving that all ways of being and acting—are correlated to reinforces the cycle of behavior. At the same the context(s) from which we live our lives. time, this way of being has steep costs, When these contexts become apparent and whether in our vitality, affinity, self-expression known, we can begin to see the unwitting or sense of fulfillment. By recognizing this process by which they were assembled and pattern, its costs, and how we have been the degree to which they govern our everyday keeping the pattern in place, we have the

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 11 choice to interrupt the cycle and discover new Much of what makes up today and even ways of interacting that lead to new levels of tomorrow seems to be an extension or happiness, satisfaction and fulfillment in areas variation of what has come before. What we that are most important to us. The see as possible—what we are working toward —is essentially a more, better, or different It is human to construct realities and then version of the past. [We need to put] the past forget that we are the ones who constructed where it belongs—in the past. We begin to them. As a result, we see that we no longer design our lives as a free and authentic need to be confined to living within this limited expression—from what is possible, rather than range, and we gain the freedom to express what has been. Unencumbered by the past, ourselves fully. we experience a greater level of vitality, well- Often, we allow our fears and anxieties to stop being and fun, and are able to enjoy a us—to determine how much we’ll risk, and to newfound sense of connection and intimacy limit the range in which we live—assigning with the people in our lives. them an unwarranted power and magnitude in Language is commonly thought of as a bridge our lives. When we see that our relationship to to the world. Even the way we learn language our anxieties and fears inadvertently gives implies that first there is a world. Then, in them a life of their own, something else order to connect and deal with that world, we becomes possible. We find ourselves being learn language. We seldom, if ever, consider powerful in the face of what has stopped us that language may in fact be before, and free to what brings that world into rediscover and pursue “Your life works to the being. [est/Landmark our passions in life. degree you keep your explores] a new view of By the time we reach agreements.” language that alters the very adulthood, we have nature of what is possible. assembled a set of practices and approaches, Language comes to be seen as a creative act. attributes and characteristics, that seem to Listening and speaking—actions we would give us a certain measure of success—that normally see as commonplace—take on new make up our personality, our style, who we dimensions and unexpected power. They consider ourselves to be. When we begin to become instruments of creation. see that our identity was put together in The power to choose is uniquely human. We response to something that we had determined all have a high interest in shaping the course shouldn’t be, the result is a new freedom in of our lives—making the right choices and saying who we are—a fundamental shift in pursuing what is important to us. One what we see and know as possible.

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 12 commonly held view regards choice as merely Coaches], worked in the accounting reacting to, or selecting among, the existing department for Werner Erhard Associates, and options. Here we take another view. In this hired Laura Whitworth [Coach Training section, we explore choice as a profoundly Institute, The Bigger Game Company] to work human ability to create. When choice is there also. (Werner Erhard, Work & Ideas: understood and known in this way, what had Related Links.) previously seemed simply part of “the way Werner Erhard’s tenure at the head of est was things are”—inevitable or impervious to flamboyant and controversial. Additionally, as change—appears in a new light. We find stated above, he raised the ire of L. Ron ourselves able to choose—to have a say— Hubbard and the Church of Scientology, which about who we are and who we will be, as the funded a media blitz that resulted in several author of our lives in any and all situations. accusations being made against Erhard, (Landmark Forum Course Syllabus) including tax evasion and incest/sexually abusing his daughter. The highlight of the campaign was a “60 Minutes” piece aired in A Lasting Effect March of 1991. In anticipation of the 60 The impact of Werner Erhard on coaching was Minutes piece, Erhard sold his interests in est profound. Dr. Vicki G. Brock, author of to the employees of his organization and fled “Sourcebook of Coaching History” is quoted on the country. the site www.WernerErhard.info citing many of In the end, Erhard was exonerated of all those early connections: charges: his daughter, Celeste, stated that The Werner Erhard link is very strong among she had been offered $2 million to lie about the first coaches - Jinny Ditzler [Your Best Year her father sexually abusing her (est Founder’s Yet], on staff with est from 1974 to 1980, Daughter Sues Mercury News), the IRS paid started the first life coach training in 1981 in Erhard $200,000 in damages and an “IRS the U.K. Sir John Whitmore [Performance spokesmen subsequently admitted that Consultants, Int.) brought Werner Erhard to statements attributed to them about Erhard's the U.K. in 1974 and Tim Gallwey's Inner supposed tax liability were false,” (Leader of Game process to the U.K. in 1979. Tim est Movement Wins). 60 Minutes eventually Gallwey was actually Werner Erhard's tennis deleted the video and transcript of its segment coach for a time. Ken Blanchard and Peter on Erhard stating “This segment has been Senge were personal friends with Werner deleted at the request of CBS News for legal Erhard. And Thomas Leonard [founder of or copyright reasons.” (Werner Erhard In The Coach U, International Coach Federation, Media) Coachville and the International Association of

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 13 While continuing to live and work outside of the US, Erhard has continued to have worldwide influence in the world of business and humanitarian work. His teachings continue to be taught, basically unchanged by the new company, Landmark Education. But perhaps one of the most widespread contributions of Werner Erhard is through the early influence he had on setting the direction of much of the coaching profession. Not only did he formulate theories that are prevalent in coaching today, he had a direct, profound influence on many of the early leaders of the coaching movement.

Notes

Bartley III, W.W. Werner Erhard: The Transformation of a Man, the Founding of est. New York: Charles N. Potter, 1978.!

Erhard, Werner. “All I Can Do Is Lie.” East-West Journal, September 1974 (reprint) p. 2.

“est Founder’s Daughter Sues Mercury News Over Articles” San Jose Mercury News. May 29, 1999. Retrieved from http://www.wernererhard.com/mercury_news.html.

Faltermayer, Charlotte. “The Best of est?” Time Magazine, June 24, 2001. Retrieved from http:// www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,138763,00.html

Landmark Education. The Landmark Forum Course Syllabus. Retrieved from http:// www.landmarkeducation.com/landmark_forum_course_syllabus

“Leader of est Movement Wins $200,000 from IRS.” Daily News of (Los Angeles, California). September 12, 1996. Retrieved from http://www.thefreelibrary.com/LEADER+OF+EST +MOVEMENT+WINS+$200,000+FROM+IRS.-a083966944.

“Werner Erhard, Work & Ideas: Related Links. ” Retrieved from http://www.wernererhard.info/ related-links.html.

Symon, Robyn. (Director and producer). (2006). Transformation: The Life and Legacy of Werner Erhard. [Film]. Miami/Ft.Lauderdale, FL: Symon Productions.

Welkos, Robert W. “Founder of est Targeted in Campaign by Scientologists” , December 29, 1991. Retrieved from http://www.wernererhard.com/la_times.html.

“Werner Erhard in the Media” retrieved from http://www.wernererhard.com/media.html.

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 14 Timothy Gallwey Coaching for the inner game of life.

by Carol Adams e’ve all heard it. W during their peak performances, most You tell someone you are a coach and replied that they weren’t thinking of much then it comes…. “What sport do you at all. So began the journey to help coach?” players focus their minds on the game in Well, before you roll your eyes and launch a way that they could let go and just play. into a lengthy explanation of what Gallwey began concentrating on what he coaching is and is not, buckle up for some calls “The Inner Game.” big news: One of the early pioneers of the The concept revolves around the inner coaching movement began as a sports “talk” between what Gallwey labels Self 1 coach! (Gasp!) Through his experiences and Self 2. Self 1 could be known as the coaching athletes, he realized that the Teller. Its job is to tell Self 2 what to do, same coaching principles could be how to do it, and what it needs to change. applied not only in other sports, but in Self 2 is the Doer. Its job is to carry out business and life situations as well. what Self 1 tells it to do. The problem is The Inner Game in Sports that the two don’t really communicate In 1971, Tim Gallwey took a job as a well. Self 1 ends up creating so much tennis professional. He soon began to tension that Self 2 can’t focus enough to realize that his students were keeping his do what needs to be done. Then Self 1 instructions in mind, to a fault. Gallwey blames Self 2 for poor performance. states, “I found there was a lot going on in (Ugh!) the mind of my tennis students that was Gallwey asserts that when one’s mind and preventing true focus of attention.” At the body work together, then the action flows same time, when great athletes were as a free river. So, what is the key to asked what they were thinking about

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 15 getting this cooperation between Self 1 instructions on what to adjust. Instead of and Self 2? arguing with himself about how to swing The first step is for people to let go of the the racquet, he just observed what was tendency to judge themselves and their happening and relaxed. The changes just performance. Self-judgments become happened. self-fulfilling prophecies. Instead, merely The Inner Game Way of Learning make observations. See your actions as As Gallwey uncovered this concept in they are, with no judgment. Gallwey gives tennis, he broadened it to the concept of examples from coaching tennis. He asked learning in general. He provides two one player to observe the ball with each paradigms: hit. The player was not asked to try and make adjustments, just to observe. As he The Usual Way of Learning observed, the adjustments came, without 1. Criticize or judge past behavior thinking about it. Soon, he began to “feel” 2. Tell yourself to change, instructing how to swing to get the desired result. with words and commands repeatedly Yet, he never consciously received 3. Try hard: make yourself do it right.

Gain a true advantage 4. Critical judgment about your results… through organizational and the cycle repeats health. Learn more and begin applying The Advantage concepts by Inner Game Way of Learning clicking here. 1. Observe existing behavior, non- judgmentally

2. Ask yourself to change, programming with image and feel

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4. Nonjudgmental, calm observation of results… repeat until behavior is automatic

Observation and awareness are foundational skills. Often, people attach right and wrong judgment but don’t even

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 16 have an awareness of what is really concepts to coach the leaders and happening. Gallwey asserts that if we managers to make observations, program spent more time observing and less time change with image and feel, and then judging, we would all be better off. reassess with non-judgmental By 1975, Gallwey had combined his observations. findings into a book entitled The Inner Before long, Gallwey was applying these Game of Tennis. The book was so popular principles in numerous corporations. He that it sold over one hundred times more was asked to help IBM change their copies than predicted. Soon it became a attitude from one of “we know it all” to that New York Times Bestseller. A TV series of a learning and coaching organization. called Inner Tennis followed. Soon, his Apple Computer Company’s Leadership theory was being applied to skiing, golf Development program used his methods. and even music. Top-level managers of The Coca-Cola The Inner Game in Business Company were trained in how to coach their employees and develop their teams. Before long, corporate leaders began to recognize the validity of Inner Game Since then, Gallwey has worked with concepts as applied to business. Many many companies and given many talks on began to use them as models for his Inner Game concepts. He has facilitating change in the workplace. published more books including the topics of work and stress. His desire has grown Gallwey soon found himself in a meeting to help individuals navigate through the with top executives. Having never led a sludge caused by stress, work and large corporation, Gallwey could only desired goals. This led to coaching answer questions in regards to his trainings including his newest endeavor, experience coaching sports. Yet, those in The Inner Game eCoach. the room were sure his concepts were exactly what they needed. Thinking that The Inner Game in Christian Coaching Gallwey knew much more about business Though Gallwey’s faith persuasion is than he did, the executives noted never mentioned, and does not matter, I reflections of their own understanding. find that his concepts are easily applied in In the 1980’s, Gallwey began a long-term a Christian coaching context. Gallwey working relationship with AT&T. At that reminds us that the most common time, the company needed to change from complaint among athletes is, “It’s not that monopolistic thinking to a competitive, I don’t know what to do, it’s that I don’t entrepreneurial mindset. Gallwey used his do what I know!” Sound familiar to

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 17 anyone? I seem to remember a non- Our clients are responsible for their athlete named Paul saying something learning choices. The Inner Game very similar in a letter he wrote to some concept gives choice to the student Romans. Perhaps this tennis pro is onto because the learning takes place within something after all. the student. As coaches, we are One significant part of the Inner Game responsible for the quality of their external concept is that the “player” (or in our case learning environment. We are not there to “client”) has a distorted perception. teach them but to help them learn. Traditional learning focuses on changing So next time an unenlightened commoner their behavior, or their response to this asks you what sport you coach, take a perception. Yet, the root problem is the cue from Tim Gallwey and simply reply, “I distorted perception. In Christian coach the Inner Game of… Life.” coaching, this is no different. Our clients may have distorted views of themselves. Through nonjudgmental observation, they Carol Adams is a coach, mom, and can gain an accurate awareness that can student living in Salem, OR. lead to change.

The CCLC prepares you to coach others forward in life, ministry, leadership and success. This in-depth program includes self-paced learning, real-time learning from leaders in Christian coaching, plus mentoring and one-on-one supervision of actual coaching sessions. http://ca-ministries.com/coach-training/cclc/

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 18 Mapping the Rivers Ahead

Frederic M. Hudson’s Coaching Contributions

Bob Dale, PhD

dults can self-renew, grow, and importantly for coaching, The Adult Years: A change---stage by stage. That’s the Mastering the Art of Self-Renewal (San belief and contribution of the “Doctor Spock Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1991, revised in of the Adult Years” or “Doctor Midlife” or the 1999) and The Handbook of Coaching: a “Life-Work Balance Coach.” Add “pioneer of Comprehensive Resource Guide for the coaching discipline in the United States,” Managers, Executives, Consultants, and and all of these titles belong to the same Human Resource Professionals (San person: Frederic M. Hudson. Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1999). Professionally, Hudson earned his doctorate Living Cyclical Lives in interdisciplinary studies at Columbia Frederic Hudson sees life moving forward in University in 1968, taught college students cycles. Hudson agrees with and quotes the for a time, and in 1973 became the founding French philosopher of change, Henri president of The Fielding Institute, one of the Bergson, “To exist is to change; to change is most creative graduate studies programs in to mature; to mature is to create oneself the United States. Then, in 1986, Hudson endlessly.” He also thinks Ecclesiastes 3:1 founded The Hudson Institute in Santa has it right and reminds us: “For everything Barbara, California. It quickly became a key there is a season.” Self-renewal, then, is a training center for professionals who focused lifelong challenge and a continuing on the cycles of renewal, on creating life- opportunity. work balance, and on the self-management of endless change. Self-renewal, in Hudson’s estimate is (1) natural, (2) constant, and (3) within our Along the way, Hudson wrote many articles ability to master. Life demands that we and several books, including, most change within our life chapters. Charting

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 19 life’s cyclical movements calls for a sense of • We plateau and are faced with adventure and deliberate choices. To live enriching our life plan. cyclically, Hudson asserts that we must • We encounter the doldrums and are incarnate five articles of faith: confronted with self-evaluation. 1.Life flows forward and calls on us to • We sort our lives out, wrestling with what to keep and what to jettison. trust in the process. • We give up some pieces of our plan. 2.Life moves in cycles rather than in straight lines. Themes repeat • We restructure our plans of necessity. themselves and give us second • We cocoon, turn inward, and cultivate chances at mastery. ownership of our core values. 3.Life is dynamic, incorporating ups and • We self-renew and gain confidence in downs, blessings and curses, joys and ourselves. losses. • We move out creatively to explore our 4.Life’s many systems are interactive and new life chapter. all contain beginnings and endings. 5.Life calls on us to unlearn old habits The “trick,” of course, is bigger and more and develop new ones. complex than simply dealing with life’s chapters and transitions. The goal is mastering the basic art and skills for Charting the River continuing renewal. Frederic Hudson thinks and works Learning Self-Renewal the Hard Way metaphorically. He envisions life as a river to be navigated turn by turn. Life’s river Self-renewal is a lesson Frederic Hudson winds its way through a recurring pattern of internalized from early battles. As a nine events and life tasks. Stable phases of life year old in 1943, Frederic awoke one are “chapters,” unstable periods are morning to discover he was paralyzed. He “transitions.” Chapters give way to had polio. Frederic couldn’t move his arms, transitions, and transitions lead us into new legs, neck, or jaw. Breathing was difficult. chapters. His body was frozen by a mysterious disease, a malady that routinely took lives or Hudson describes a creative cycle of self- left victims in braces and wheelchairs for life invention. He charts life’s movement from in the World War II era. The next day, in structure to transition to structure to terrible pain, he was placed in the back seat transition throughout our life course. of the family car and driven to a hospital in According to him, there are ten skills that Syracuse, New York, and left there for empower adults to renew our lives stage-by- treatment. stage: On a hard bed on his back in a quarantine • We begin stages with a rough-hewn ward, Frederic could only move his eyes. A dream or life plan. wise nurse name Susan took care of him. • We launch and try to craft a life. Beyond his medical needs, she talked and

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 20 read to Frederic and told him his future was Susan had given Frederic a life vision and a hidden on the cracked, pock-marked ceiling model for renewal. Here’s the way Frederic above his bed. She asked him questions Hudson thanks his old nurse: about his future and told him that, when he “Thank you, Susan. You taught me could see his future on the ceiling, it would some powerful lessons: begin to unfold. Finally, Frederic stared at To listen to those who care about me, the imperfections on the ceiling and finally as you did. pictured himself running through the woods. He saw himself laughing with friends. Then, To see how I want my life to unfold. he pictured himself in college and eventually To trust my vision. saw himself becoming a doctor with a family. To take responsibility for my life Without any forewarning, one morning course. Frederic could wiggle the toes on his left To learn how to learn, and unlearn, foot. Susan assured him that his future was and relearn.” taking shape. “You’re now in training,” she From his childhood struggles and from told Frederic encouragingly. Susan Susan, Frederic Hudson learned to help challenged young Frederic to move his toes, those who are paralyzed by life find new then his feet, and then his legs. Finally, she directions for the cycles of their lives. said he would walk and run. Nurse Susan In preparation for the coaching and tied a string to Frederic’s toes so he could leadership opportunities that beckoned to ring a bell and call her. Soon, Susan rigged him, Hudson earned his bachelor’s degree in ropes and pulleys to allow him to open philosophy from Kalamazoo College in 1956, windows and doors from his bed. Frederic’s his master of divinity degree from Colgate neck and chest were the last body parts to Rochester in social ethics in 1959, and his move, but, at long last, they became mobile doctorate in the history of consciousness too. He was renewing himself---literally. from Columbia in 1968. He taught at After a stint on his uncle’s farm where he Stephens College in Columbia, Missouri from learned to walk again, Frederic was ready to 1961-1964, taught and served as chaplain at tackle life once more. Colby College in Waterville, Maine from 1964-1969, and served as dean at Lone Mountain College in San Francisco from 1969-1974. Then, he moved to lead The Fielding Institute and finally to found The Hudson Institute and to impact the world of coaching. Coaching Adults Early on, Hudson called for practical applications of adult development insights. He felt most professionals who worked with

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 21 adults slipped quickly into their narrower Varieties of Coaching specialties and lost some of the richness of In practice, Frederic Hudson describes two adult life stage learning. Hudson kinds of coaching: “being coaches” and encouraged generalists to step forward and “doing coaches.” The inner work of the described them as “adult mentors.” He human spirit is the stewardship of “being envisioned helpers who could assist adults coaches.” They focus on beliefs, values, in forging futures with considerable depth purpose, calling, limits, and assumptions. around careers, health, families, leisure, The outer work of performance is the finances, retirement, and dying. spotlight for “doing coaches.” Exploring But, with The Handbook of Coaching in goals, progress, feedback, successes and 1999, Frederic Hudson realized the failures, detours, and comfort zones development of adult coaches was his provides questions for performance calling. He emphasized mentoring less. coaches. In his coaching practice, Hudson Hudson called for coaches to function “like models the life-work balance his theory leaven in bread,” transforming adults in provides. lasting ways. He defined a coach as “a Entering Coaching Clients’ Worlds person who facilitates experiential learning that results in future-oriented abilities.” Hudson endorses coaches entering the inner and outer worlds of clients. He encourages The wisdom of coaches, according to coaches to understand a client’s story in Hudson, is needed to explore profound order to help rescript the outcome. In so personal and societal needs: doing, he proposes a series of exploratory • Coaches are guides in a transient questions to see where the client is in his or culture, pathfinders in a world in flux. her overall life course and within life stages: • Coaches provide radar, to detect the • Is this a stable or transitional time for best tracks to follow, and gyroscopes, to you? balance resources while on the move. • What are the life motivators for change • Coaches model perpetual learning in you now? systems. • What strengths promote growth? • Coaches help identify meaning, values, • What resistances stymy growth? and commitments, especially with younger and older adults. • What’s your vision of your future---your dreams, expectations, hopes, and sense • Coaches help human systems mature of purpose? and renew. • Where do you see yourself five years • Coaches sponsor future generations. from now? • Coaches model connections, • How ready are you for accurate collaboration, and open systems. feedback, objective evaluation, and • Coaches tap into the deep reservoirs of deep change? wisdom in older adults.

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 22 • What external forces for change are • Sense of meaning: integrating at work here? yourself with others to find peace and spiritual wisdom. • What inner yearnings encourage growth now? • Sense of compassion: giving yourself to others and making the world a • What resources are already in place better place. to facilitate growth? Interestingly, those 250 successful adults, These themes uncover the life course a as a pattern, clustered two or three key client is undertaking. Then, as the client values into sturdy life anchors, and lived makes decisions, some rites of passage from those basic values. These values can ease next steps in growth and reflect the deliberate choices of self- change. renewal and offer coaches a golden When clients’ life stories and life stage opportunity to deepen clients’ root streams are brought together, coaches systems. who apply adult development approaches Hudson’s Contributions: Coaching blend powerful resources for significance with Faith change. Lifelong self-renewal, then, is powered by the rivers of consciousness Frederic Hudson’s pioneering efforts to at profound levels. shape coaching have yielded some important contributions to those of us who coach from a faith stance: Coaching Core Values Hudson anchors his work in the dynamics Hudson and his colleagues studied 250 of stage theory. He doesn’t assume that biographies of successful adults to find one-size-fits-all stages or that one the anchors that steadied and defined technique matches all challenges. To live them. He identifies, explores, and out this conviction, Hudson broadens, coaches the six core values they deepens, and applies his emphasis on discovered: life’s chapters to coaching for adults from • Sense of self: claiming yourself, your their twenties through their eighties. One identity, and your power. of the strong contributions of The Handbook of Coaching is Hudson’s • Sense of achievement: proving extensive bibliographies and resource yourself, your goals and ambitions, listings for each life stage, including and your purpose. readings on death and dying. • Sense of intimacy: sharing yourself, Hudson’s application of the cycles of your love, and your care and support. renewal is both a psychological and • Sense of creativity: expressing spiritual theme. Growth of a self and yourself in play, in celebration, and in growth in faith are lifelong processes. spontaneity. For each life stage and faith stage, an

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 23 appropriate advance in life and work is because he saw surfers as excellent called for---if we choose to continue our improvisational models for thriving amid expansion of discipleship. Although chaos. Hudson doesn’t present himself as a Hudson is committed to both personal and technical theologian, his interest in societal change. His global interests go “spiritual coaching” and his resource list back to his studies of social ethics in for the exploration of religious concerns seminary. In the long run, he hopes to expands the practice of coaching. grow self-renewing adults for a self- Hudson’s emphasis on adults’ inner lives renewing society. Ultimately, he intends to and spirits encourages coaches to move shape global leaders who can practice beyond mere outward performance. He servant leadership. adds a mystical or spiritual dimension that A Personal Word alerts coaches to move beyond surface issues and mine the deeper veins of I know Frederic M. Hudson primarily beliefs and values. This inner emphasis through his writings and from the reports shouldn’t surprise us. Hudson studied at a of friends who have trained with him at Baptist college and seminary. And, his The Hudson Institute. Although his early teaching career was in schools with influence is largely second-hand to me, religious origins---Stephens and Colby with Hudson’s mentoring impact through his Baptist roots and Lone Mountain with books has been important. When the Catholic beginnings. Center for Creative Church Leadership Development, which I directed, offered our Hudson uses metaphors liberally to first coach training in August of 2001, we expand options. Paralysis, rivers, potter’s gave Hudson’s The Handbook of Coaching wheels, the metamorphosis of butterflies to our trainee coaches as the most and pollywogs, movies with sequels, comprehensive coaching resource kaleidoscopes, the slinky whose available at the time. His blending of life movements go on and on, adulthood as an stage insights into the emerging discipline infinite wardrobe, the multiple strings on of coaching remains Hudson’s key musical instruments, the tipping points of pioneering contribution to date. fulcrums, riding waves, and many others stretch us to spread our wings and to move ahead with imagination. In fact, Bob Dale, PhD, is a leadership coach and Hudson notes that “living with chaos is a author living in Richmond, VA. metaphor for our time, which requires adventurers akin to artists, scientists, and athletes seeking new levels of performance.” He taught his sons to surf,

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Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 25 When Coaching Went Executive Bill Copper, PCC

Richard Kilburg’s contribution to the world of executive coaching

ike many useful practices adopted by Dr. Kilburg brings his experience in working L the church, coaching has its roots in the with organizations in chaos to effectively business world. While it hasn’t been true about articulate a process for helping leaders all business principles, the church has address the internal issues that are keeping benefitted greatly from taking the concepts of them from moving themselves, and their coaching first realized in executive and organizations, forward. leadership development and adapting it for use Kilburg began actively promoting executive in ministry settings. As was true in executive coaching in the early 1990’s as an emerging suites across the world, coaching has competency in the more traditional field of experienced some evolution in its application consulting. His experience with more in the church. mainstream organizational development Coaching for the Boardroom methods, adult education, management training, and industrial-organizational One of the early texts describing the efficacy psychology led him to a process that of a coach-approach to personal development integrated both systems and psychodynamic was Executive Coaching: Developing approaches to human development. Managerial Wisdom in a World of Chaos by Richard Kilburg. Published in 2000, Kilburg’s From Consulting to Coaching practical reference book helped to frame the The more traditional consultative approach, evolution of coaching as a process for human which included some mix of organizational development over the previous dozen years.

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 26 diagnosis, process assessment, structural coaching was utilized to maximize the changes, team building, and other training performance of those already showing technologies, were often failing to produce real potential. Business began shifting coaching results for organizations and their leaders. resources to those in the organization showing Kilburg found that events, feelings, thoughts, the most promise. and patterns of behavior that are outside of the Today businesses use coaching for their high conscious awareness of executives can potential/high performers. Because coaching significantly influence what they decide and focuses on discovering the untapped potential how they act. This was the missing piece in within the individual, companies are seeing those more traditional approaches to more return on their investment in coaching for organizational development. those leaders and managers rather than using As this approach gained traction in the coaching as a process for improving poor business world, the field of executive coaching performance. emerged as a more effective way of helping Coaching in the Church leaders develop the skills, mindsets, and Coaching in the church has experienced a introspection to move their businesses similar evolution. Once seen as a way to forward. Over the years, coaching became improve under-performing staff members, more accepted as a process for human coaching is now being used in ministries to development. help strong leaders become even more As this process evolved, human development effective in moving their organizations forward. professionals began using coaching more for Congregations are using a coach-approach to performance…or more specifically, lack of realizing the potential of their professional and performance. Coaching was seen as a lay leadership. Coaches are being used to remedial exercise for improving performance. help ministries get the best from their staff and As coaches began tapping into those internal volunteers by leveraging their strengths, gifts, issues affecting human development, there and passions to more effectively accomplish was – for a time – an emphasis on the the mission of the church. And in large part, negative aspects of ones feelings, thoughts, we have Richard Kilburg to thank. and patterns of behavior. Coaches were used to try to rehabilitate under-performers – often as a last ditch effort to salvage ones career. Bill Copper, PCC, is a coach, author and trainer living in Lenoir, NC. He is the Over time, organizations began to realize the Executive Director of Coach Approach most effective use of a coach approach to Ministries and the COO for iNTERNAL human development was in discovering the iMPACT. untapped potential in their leaders. Rather than focusing on fixing poor performance,

Christian Coaching Magazine | Fall 2012!Page 27 Co-Active Coaching

by Chad Hall, MCC

ne of the ways O I s e r v e t h e coaching field is to provide mentor coaching to coaches who are preparing for their ICF credential application — a