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The Political Career of Sir John Harvey : Governor of Virginia from 1629 to 1639 Merrill R

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The Political Career of Sir John Harvey : Governor of Virginia from 1629 to 1639 Merrill R University of Richmond UR Scholarship Repository Honors Theses Student Research 1939 The political career of Sir John Harvey : Governor of Virginia from 1629 to 1639 Merrill R. Stewart Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.richmond.edu/honors-theses Recommended Citation Stewart, Merrill R., "The political career of Sir John Harvey : Governor of Virginia from 1629 to 1639" (1939). Honors Theses. Paper 774. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Research at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of UR Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE POLITICAL CAREER OF SIR JOHN HARVEY: GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA FRai 1629 TO 1639 by MERRILL ROBERT STEWART UNIVERSITY OF RICHMOND VIRGINIA 1939 TABLE OF CONTENTS. Chapter ! ••• Commissioner Harvey •••••••• Page l Chapter !! •• Governor Harvey •••••••••• Page 9 Chapter III.Governor Harvey; His Secord Term •• Page 34 Bibliography • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Page 1 -------------- BIBLIOORAPHY General histories: Andrews, C. M., The Colonial Period of American History, Yale Univ. Press, New Haven, 1934. Andrews, M. P., Virginia, the Old Dominion, Doubleday, Doran & Co. Inc., Garden City, New York, 1937• Blanton , Wyndham B. , Medicine in Vir~inia in ~ Seventeenth Century, The William Byrd Press, Inc., Richmond, 1930. Campbell, Chas., The History of ~ Colony and Ancient Dominion of Virginia, J. B. Lippincott and Co., Philadelphia, Pa., lSbO. Craven, W. F. , 1h§. Dissolution of the Virf2.nia Company, Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1932· Dodd, W. E., The Old South; Struggles for Democracy, The Mac Millan Co., New York, 1937• Fiske, John, Old Virginia and Her Neighbors, two volumes, Hough ton, Mifflin and Co., New York, 1898. Fiske, John, Discovery and Colonization of North America, Houghton Mifflin and Co., New York, 1898. Semmes, Raphael, Captains and Mariners .Qf Early Maryland,. Johna Hopkins Press, Baltimore, 1937• Smith, M. V • , A Brief Review of the Discovery of North America ~ !!:_ History .Q! ~ Executives of the Colony of the Commom1eal th of Virginia, VI. H. Loudermilk and Co., Washington, 1893· 1------------------------ BIBLIOGRAPHY General histories: Stanard, M. N., ~Story of Virginia's First Century, J. B. Lippincott and Co., Philadelphia, Pa., 1928. Wertenbaker, T. J., Virginia Under the Stuarts, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 191~. - ----- -- --- - I BIBLIOGRAPHY. Periodicals: Chandler, J. A. C., and Swem, E. G., Edi tors, William and Mary College Quarterly, second series, William and Mary College, Williamsburg, Va. Stanard, w. G., editor, Virginia Magazine of History ~ Biography, Richmond, Va. Tyler, L. G., editor, William and Mary College Quarterly, first series, William and Mary College, Williamsburg, Va. BIBLIOGRAPHY. Manuscript Collections: Mcilwain, H. R., editor, Minutes of the Council and General Court of Colonial Virgini~;-virginia State--L°ibrary, RichmonCl," 1924. Mcilwain, H. R., editor, Journals of the House of Bur5esses of Virginia, Virginia State Library;-Richmond; 1915· Hening, w. w., editor, Statutes at Large; ~ Collection of all the ~ of Vir5inia frcm the First Session of the Legislature in the Year 151Q, printed for the editor by R. w. and G. Bartow, New York, 1823, first edition. Calendar of State Papers; America and the West Indies, 1574 to lbb'O. Miscellaneous: Swem, E. G., editor, The Virginia Historical Index, two volumes, Stone Printing Co., 1934 and 1935. Chapter I Commissioner Harvey l. Sir John Harvey first became connected with the colony of Virginia in 1623, when he was appointed to a commission to investigate the administration of the colony. James I, having had numerous disagreements with the London Company, mving to the subscription to a different political philosophy by its leaders, had determined to have the colony of Virginia for the 1 crown. He used the fiction of colonial expansion to gain popular approval and bad administration on the part of those in control for his reason. The purpose of this board was to gain sane sort of evidence to 2 give justification for the seizure of the territory. This com.~ission was composed of John Porey, Abraham Piersey (Pierce), Samuel Mathews, and John 3 Jefferson, and, of course, John Harvey. Harvey and Porey were sent over from England, while Mathews and 4 Piersey were already present in Virginia. Very little is lmown of Jefferson. No one can say accurately whether he was in Virginia at the time, or not. However, this much is certain, that he was not influential in the 5 proceedings of the commission. It is very probable that this John Jefferson and the Mr. Jefferson who was a member of the first Assembly in 1619 as a represent­ ative of Flower de Hundred are one and the same person. 1. Wertenbaker, Virginia Under ~ Stuarts, P. 60. 2. Ibid. 3· Stanard, The Story of Virginia's First Century, p. 182. 4. Ibid. - 5· Ibid. ,------------------------- --------------- --- ------ ------------------ 2 The activities of the commission immediately upon arriving at the colony are rather uncertain. That they went from plantation to plantation interviewing the people is, however, known. It is supposed that this was the means taken by them to gather the information 6 for which they were delegated by the King. Soon after their arrival, finding that the people were either not possessed of much valuable information, or were not willing to divulge it, they sent Governor Wyatt a note, requesting answers to the following questions: 11 1. What places in the country are best to be fortified against Indians or enemies by sea? 2. How does the colony now stand in respect to savages? 3. What hopes may truly and really be conceived of this Plantation? 4. And, lastly, which be the directest means to attain these hopes?" This note was written by a clerk for the canmission, 7 and signed by them. On May 2, 1623, the General Assembly made formal answer to this note, signing the reply with signatures 8 of the entire Assembly. 6. Stanard,:. p. 183. 7. Mcilwain, Journals of the House of Bui;gesses Q£ Vir5inia, volume f orl619 - 1659-;-P• • 8. Ibid. r---------------------------------------- 3 Having received the answer of the General Assembly, the commission sent, on the same day, another note to the Assembly, again requesting their signature. This was a subscription, thanking the King for his interest in the colony and asking him to remove it from the administration of the Company, and to place it under his personal jurisdiction. The members of the Company were to be given land in proportion to the number of years and amount of aid given the Company and colony. In a separate note of the same date, the commissioners urged the Assembly to accept this note, sign it, and 9 send it to the King. In reply, the Assembly wrote, asking the commission, before they should adjourn on the third of March, to satisfy the Assembly of the depth of authority possessed by them, which allowed them to send 10 and urge such a resolution. At the same time, the Assembly returned the subscription to the commission, stating that whatever business they had to conduct with the King, they would conduct thru their own represent- 11 atives. They continued, saying that they were thankful for the King's interest, and hoped that it would continue but that the proper time to make answer about the surrender- ing of the colony to the crown would be when the patents to the land were taken away. 9. Mcilwain, Jounnals of the Burgesses, volume for 1619 - 1659, P• 40. - 10. Ibid. 11. Wertenbaker, P• 62. 12. Mcilwain, Journals of the Burgesses, volume for 1619 - 1659, P• 40. -- 4 They expressed the belief that the King's plan for the 12 colony was the result of much misinformation. Following their plan to handle their own business with the crown, the Assembly prepared letters to send to the King himself, or to his council. These letters were entrusted to one Pountis for delivery. When the commission was denied the opportunity to read these letters, they resorted to bribery, and paid the secretary of the Assembly, Sharpless, to obtain for them a copy. This treachery, as it was called, cost Sharpless one of 13 his ears. In these letters, the Assembly requested that the governors whom the King might send to Virginia, if he should take over control of the colony " ••• may not have absolute authority. But above all, we humbly intreat your Majesty that we may have still the libertie 14 of our General Assemblies." Meanwhile, the commission, fearing some sort of retribution for attempting to take the situation in their own hands and requesting the Assembly to invite the King to take over the colony, wrote the Assembly in answer to their last note. They attempted to forestall any act on the part of the Assembly by admitting that they had not the authority to force or urge any such resolution, but denied saying or intimating that they did have. 13. Stanard, op. cit., p. 183. 14. Ibid. ,---------------------------------------- - --- --------- ---------- ------- - -- -- --- ---- -- - ---- -- ----- - ------- ---- ------ 5 Excusing themselves for suggesting it, they stated that royal control of the colony was t.~e probable ultimate outcome and that a previous petition on the part of the 15 Assembly would gain favor in the eyes of the King. The King, however, was determined to take over the colony for the crown and immediately gave his intentions to the public. The administration of the colony in England was equally stubborn and forced the issue. In order to validate his act, the King had the case talcen to court. June 26, 1624, the court handed down the verdict "the right of a Company of English merchants trading to Virginia and pretending to exercise a power and authority over his Majesty's good subjects 16 there should henceforth be null and voic?:!--- " July 15, the Mandeville Board was formed by the crown and given a patent to govern the colony until such time that it could prepare a report on the advisability 17 of issuing a new charter to the Company.
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