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Thermal Mass
Thermal Mass • What is Thermal Mass? • Types of Thermal Mass • Historical Applications • Thermal Properties of Materials • Analyzing Heat/Cool Storage • Strategies • Other Factors • Computer Analysis • Bibliography Thermal Mass • Thermal mass refers to materials have the capacity to store thermal energy for extended periods. • Thermal mass can be used effectively to absorb daytime heat gains (reducing cooling load) and release the heat during the night (reducing heat load). Types of Thermal Mass • Traditional types of thermal mass include water, rock, earth, brick, concrete, fibrous cement, caliche, and ceramic tile. • Phase change materials store energy while maintaining constant temperatures, using chemical bonds to store & release latent heat. PCM’s include solid-liquid Glauber’s salt, paraffin wax, and the newer solid-solid linear crystalline alkyl hydrocarbons (K-18: 77oF phase transformation temperature). PCM’s can store five to fourteen times more heat per unit volume than traditional materials. (source: US Department of Energy). Historical Applications • The use of thermal mass in shelter dates back to the dawn of humans, and until recently has been the prevailing strategy for building climate control in hot regions. Egyptian mud-brick storage rooms (3200 years old). The lime-pozzolana (concrete) Roman Pantheon Today, passive techniques such as thermal mass are ironically considered “alternative” methods to mechanical heating and cooling, yet the appropriate use of thermal mass offers an efficient integration of structure and thermal services. Thermal Properties of Materials The basic properties that indicate the thermal behavior of materials are: density (p), specific heat (cm), and conductivity (k). The specific heat for most masonry materials is similar (about 0.2-0.25Wh/kgC). -
Criteria and Guidelines for Product and System Developers
D E S I G N I N G S O L A R T H E R M A L S Y S T E M S F O R A R C H I T E C T U R A L I N T E G R A T I O N criteria and guidelines for product and system developers T.41.A.3/1 Task 41 ‐ Solar energy & Architecture ‐ International Energy Agency ‐ Solar Heating and Cooling Programme Report T.41.A.3/1: IEA SHC Task 41 Solar Energy and Architecture DESIGNING SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEMS FOR ARCHITECTURAL INTEGRATION Criteria and guidelines for product and system developers Keywords Solar energy, architectural integration, solar thermal, active solar systems, solar buildings, solar architecture, solar products, innovative products, building integrability. Editors: MariaCristina Munari Probst Christian Roecker November 2013 T.41.A.3/1 IEA SHC Task 41 I Designing solar thermal systems for architectural integration AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS AFFILIATIONS Maria Cristina Munari Probst Christian Roecker (editor, author) (editor, author) EPFL‐LESO EPFL‐LESO Bâtiment LE Bâtiment LE Station 18 Station 18 CH‐1015 Lausanne CH‐1015 Lausanne SWITZERLAND SWITZERLAND [email protected] [email protected] Alessia Giovanardi Marja Lundgren Maria Wall - Operating agent (contributor) (contributor) (contributor) EURAC research, Institute for White Arkitekter Energy and Building Design Renewable Energy P.O. Box 4700 Lund University Universitá degli Studi di Trento Östgötagatan 100 P.O. Box 118 Viale Druso 1 SE‐116 92 Stockholm SE‐221 00 Lund SWEDEN I‐39100 Bolzano, ITALY SWEDEN [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 1 T.41.A.3/1 IEA SHC Task 41 I Designing solar thermal systems for architectural integration 2 T.41.A.3/1 IEA SHC Task 41 I Designing solar thermal systems for architectural integration ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors are grateful to the International Energy Agency for understanding the importance of this subject and accepting to initiate a Task on solar energy and architecture. -
Building-Integrated Photovoltaics: an Emerging Market Executive Summary
GTM RESEARCH JULY 2010 BUILDING-INTEGRATED PHOTOVOLTAICS: AN EMERGING MARKET EXECUTIVE SUMMARY COPYRIGHT 2010, GREENTECH MEDIA INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED GTM RESEARCH JULY 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 1 INTRODUCTION 16 1.1 Introduction 16 1.2 Scope 16 1.3 Methodology 17 2 SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS 18 2.1 Introduction 18 2.2 Aesthetic and Adoption Considerations 22 2.3 Materials 24 2.3.1 The Integration of Conventional Materials 26 2.3.2 The Evolution and Integration of New Materials 27 2.4 Performance Issues 34 2.5 Building Codes and Standards 36 2.6 Products 46 2.6.1 Roof Element Products 48 2.6.2 Wall Element Products 54 2.6.3 Window Element Products 56 2.6.4 Other Products 58 3 MARKETS AND APPLICATIONS 59 3.1 Introduction 59 3.2 Market Segments 60 3.2.1 Roofs 61 3.2.2 Walls and Façades 63 3.2.3 Windows 64 3.3 Current Market Activities 64 3.3.1 Roofi ng Applications 64 3.3.2 Wall Applications 70 3.3.3 Window Applications 76 3.4 Building Types 78 3.4.1 Commercial BIPV 78 3.4.2 Residential BIPV 81 4 BIPV POLICY ASSESSMENT 86 4.1 North America 88 4.1.1 U.S. 89 4.1.2 Canada 97 4.2 Europe 99 4.2.1 Central Europe 100 4.2.2 Eastern Europe 114 4.3 Asia 116 4.3.1 Japan 116 4.3.2 Australia 118 4.3.3 China 119 4.3.4 India 121 4.3.5 South Korea 122 4.3.6 Taiwan 124 4.3.7 Malaysia 124 COPYRIGHT 2010, GREENTECH MEDIA INC ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BIPV 2010 2 GTM RESEARCH JULY 2010 5 ECONOMICS 126 5.1 Distribution Channel Developments 126 5.2 Economic Assessment 130 5.3 Market Assessment 135 6 KEY BIPV DEVELOPERS AND SUPPLIERS -
The Wind-Catcher, a Traditional Solution for a Modern Problem Narguess
THE WIND-CATCHER, A TRADITIONAL SOLUTION FOR A MODERN PROBLEM NARGUESS KHATAMI A submission presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Glamorgan/ Prifysgol Morgannwg for the degree of Master of Philosophy August 2009 I R11 1 Certificate of Research This is to certify that, except where specific reference is made, the work described in this thesis is the result of the candidate’s research. Neither this thesis, nor any part of it, has been presented, or is currently submitted, in candidature for any degree at any other University. Signed ……………………………………… Candidate 11/10/2009 Date …………………………………....... Signed ……………………………………… Director of Studies 11/10/2009 Date ……………………………………… II Abstract This study investigated the ability of wind-catcher as an environmentally friendly component to provide natural ventilation for indoor environments and intended to improve the overall efficiency of the existing designs of modern wind-catchers. In fact this thesis attempts to answer this question as to if it is possible to apply traditional design of wind-catchers to enhance the design of modern wind-catchers. Wind-catchers are vertical towers which are installed above buildings to catch and introduce fresh and cool air into the indoor environment and exhaust inside polluted and hot air to the outside. In order to improve overall efficacy of contemporary wind-catchers the study focuses on the effects of applying vertical louvres, which have been used in traditional systems, and horizontal louvres, which are applied in contemporary wind-catchers. The aims are therefore to compare the performance of these two types of louvres in the system. For this reason, a Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model was chosen to simulate and study the air movement in and around a wind-catcher when using vertical and horizontal louvres. -
The Technologies and Performance of Solar Shingles and Transparent Solar Glass Paul Tate March 10, 2015
The Technologies and Performance of Solar Shingles and Transparent Solar Glass Paul Tate March 10, 2015 Originally prepared as a degree requirement for the UIC Master of Energy Engineering program 1 The Technologies and Performance of Solar Shingles and Transparent Solar Glass – P. Tate Outline n Introduction to Building Integrated PV n Solar Shingles Technology n Solar Glass Technology n Conclusions n Questions © 2015 All Rights Reserved 2 The Technologies and Performance of Solar Shingles and Transparent Solar Glass – P. Tate Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) n Building Materials & Solar Cells ¨ Roofing ¨ Glass ¨ Metal Panels ¨ Overhangs ¨ Awnings, etc. Building Integrated Photovoltaic Installation1 © 2015 All Rights Reserved 3 The Technologies and Performance of Solar Shingles and Transparent Solar Glass – P. Tate BIPV Building Integrated Photovoltaic Installation2 © 2015 All Rights Reserved 4 The Technologies and Performance of Solar Shingles and Transparent Solar Glass – P. Tate Solar Shingles n Intended for residential pitched roofs n Replace portion of asphalt shingles n Are not rack mounted n Integrate into standard roofing n Multiple technologies utilized © 2015 All Rights Reserved 5 The Technologies and Performance of Solar Shingles and Transparent Solar Glass – P. Tate CIGS Solar Shingle n Uses Copper Indium Gallium diSelenide (CIGS) thin film technology n Substrate is a proprietary polymer n Size, weight, flexibility similar to asphalt shingle CIGS Cell Schematic Diagram3 © 2015 All Rights Reserved 6 The Technologies and Performance of Solar Shingles and Transparent Solar Glass – P. Tate CIGS Solar Shingles CIGS Solar Shingles Prior to Installation4 © 2015 All Rights Reserved 7 The Technologies and Performance of Solar Shingles and Transparent Solar Glass – P. -
Ecology Design
ECOLOGY and DESIGN Ecological Literacy in Architecture Education 2006 Report and Proposal The AIA Committee on the Environment Cover photos (clockwise) Cornell University's entry in the 2005 Solar Decathlon included an edible garden. This team earned second place overall in the competition. Photo by Stefano Paltera/Solar Decathlon Students collaborating in John Quale's ecoMOD course (University of Virginia), which received special recognition in this report (see page 61). Photo by ecoMOD Students in Jim Wasley's Green Design Studio and Professional Practice Seminar (University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee) prepare to present to their client; this course was one of the three Ecological Literacy in Architecture Education grant recipients (see page 50). Photo by Jim Wasley ECOLOGY and DESIGN Ecological by Kira Gould, Assoc. AIA Literacy in Lance Hosey, AIA, LEED AP Architecture with contributions by Kathleen Bakewell, LEED AP Education Kate Bojsza, Assoc. AIA 2006 Report Peter Hind , Assoc. AIA Greg Mella, AIA, LEED AP and Proposal Matthew Wolf for the Tides Foundation Kendeda Sustainability Fund The contents of this report represent the views and opinions of the authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions of the American Institute of Architects (AIA). The AIA supports the research efforts of the AIA’s Committee on the Environment (COTE) and understands that the contents of this report may reflect the views of the leadership of AIA COTE, but the views are not necessarily those of the staff and/or managers of the Institute. The AIA Committee -
National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Sweden 2015
National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Sweden 2015 Prepared by Johan Lindahl Table of contents Table of contents .................................................................................................................. 1 Foreword ............................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 4 1 Installation data .................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Applications for Photovoltaics ................................................................................. 5 1.2 Total photovoltaic power installed .......................................................................... 5 1.2.1 Method ........................................................................................................ 5 1.2.2 The Swedish PV market ............................................................................... 5 1.2.3 Swedish PV market segments ..................................................................... 9 1.2.4 The geographical distribution of PV in Sweden .......................................... 10 1.2.5 PV in the broader Swedish energy market .................................................. 12 2 Competitiveness of PV electricity ......................................................................................... 13 2.1 Module -
Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV)
Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) in the Residential Sector: An Analysis of Installed Rooftop System Prices Ted James, Alan Goodrich, Michael Woodhouse, Robert Margolis, and Sean Ong NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. Technical Report NREL/TP-6A20-53103 November 2011 Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) in the Residential Sector: An Analysis of Installed Rooftop System Prices Ted James, Alan Goodrich, Michael Woodhouse, Robert Margolis, and Sean Ong Prepared under Task No. SS12.2260 NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. National Renewable Energy Laboratory Technical Report 1617 Cole Boulevard NREL/TP-6A20-53103 Golden, Colorado 80401 November 2011 303-275-3000 • www.nrel.gov Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. -
Solar Energy Perspectives
Solar Energy TECHNOLOGIES Perspectives Please note that this PDF is subject to specific restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available online at www.iea.org/about/copyright.asp Renewable Energy Renewable Solar Energy Renewable Energy Perspectives In 90 minutes, enough sunlight strikes the earth to provide the entire planet's energy needs for one year. While solar energy is abundant, it represents a tiny Technologies fraction of the world’s current energy mix. But this is changing rapidly and is being driven by global action to improve energy access and supply security, and to mitigate climate change. Technologies Solar Around the world, countries and companies are investing in solar generation capacity on an unprecedented scale, and, as a consequence, costs continue to fall and technologies improve. This publication gives an authoritative view of these technologies and market trends, in both advanced and developing Energy economies, while providing examples of the best and most advanced practices. It also provides a unique guide for policy makers, industry representatives and concerned stakeholders on how best to use, combine and successfully promote the major categories of solar energy: solar heating and cooling, photovoltaic Technologies Solar Energy Perspectives Solar Energy Perspectives and solar thermal electricity, as well as solar fuels. Finally, in analysing the likely evolution of electricity and energy-consuming sectors – buildings, industry and transport – it explores the leading role solar energy could play in the long-term future of our energy system. Renewable Energy (61 2011 25 1P1) 978-92-64-12457-8 €100 -:HSTCQE=VWYZ\]: Renewable Energy Renewable Renewable Energy Technologies Energy Perspectives Solar Renewable Energy Renewable 2011 OECD/IEA, © INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The International Energy Agency (IEA), an autonomous agency, was established in November 1974. -
Solar Roofs, Shingles & Tiles
Kelly Pickerel is Editor in Chief of Solar Power World and has been involved with publishing in the solar industry since 2011. She joined the SPW staff in 2014 and enjoys working on contractor profiles and hearing about new projects. Her areas of focus include solar panel manufacturing, energy storage, the Contractors Corner podcast and the development of Solar Power World’s annual Top Solar Contractors list. Kelly graduated from Kent State University with a degree in magazine journalism and lives in Northeast Ohio. This article was originally printed in Solar Power World and on solarpowerworldonline.com. The Latest on Solar Roofs, Solar Shingles and Solar Tiles By Kelly Pickerel There are many words used to describe unconventional solar PV technologies used on rooftops. Within the “building-applied” category — basically anything that isn’t traditional solar panels attached to racks — terms like solar roofs, solar shingles and solar tiles are becoming more common, especially after Elon Musk and Tesla announced their solar roof idea in 2016. While the Tesla solar roof has yet to show successful application besides a few pilot installations, there are plenty of building- applied solar products on the market right now for homeowners looking for some- thing different than the status solar quo. Rackless solar systems applied products, also using monocrystalline There are two building-applied solar veterans that solar panels that are bigger than the surrounding make what they call solar shingles but may be better shingles. The SunTegra Shingle is about 52 in. described as small, rectangular solar panels that long and 20 in. -
A Passive Solar Retrofit in a Gloomy Climate
Rochester Institute of Technology RIT Scholar Works Theses 5-11-2018 A Passive Solar Retrofit in a Gloomy Climate James Russell Fugate [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses Recommended Citation Fugate, James Russell, "A Passive Solar Retrofit in a Gloomy Climate" (2018). Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology. Accessed from This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by RIT Scholar Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of RIT Scholar Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Passive Solar Retrofit in a Gloomy Climate By James Russell Fugate A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE Department of Architecture Golisano Institute for Sustainability Rochester Institute of Technology May 11, 2018 Rochester, New York Committee Approval A Passive Solar Retrofit in a Gloomy Climate A Master of Architecture Thesis Presented by: James Russell Fugate Jules Chiavaroli, AIA Date Professor Department of Architecture Thesis Chair Dennis A. Andrejko, FAIA Date Associate Professor Head, Department of Architecture Thesis Advisor Nana-Yaw Andoh Date Assistant Professor Department of Architecture Thesis Advisor ii Acknowledgments I would like to thank the faculty and staff of the Master of Architecture program at the Rochester Institute of Technology. Being part of the original cohort of students in the program’s initial year was an honor and it has been exciting to see the program grow into the accredited and internationally respected program of today. I want to thank Dennis Andrejko for taking the chance and accepting me into the program as an older, part-time student. -
FEL 2019 Booklet
FEL 2019 Booklet 1 2 Participants ___________________________________________________________________ 3 4 All Participants Ulrike Hinz Strategy Development Manager 50Hertz Transmission GmbH Germany Meriem Bellizim Senior Manager - Business ACWA Power Algeria Development, Business Development Department Ilona Valimaa Environmental Expert ÅF Finland Eduardo Cisneros Business Development Manager Aggreko Peru Peru & Bolivia Alena Fargere Economist, Strategy & Marketing Air Liquide France team, Hydrogen Energy World Business Unit Umesh Bhutoria Chief Operating Officer Algo EnergyTech Ventures India Private Limited Olga Bogdanova Supervisory Board Member AS Augstsprieguma tīkls Latvia Yuri Cavero Zonal Coordinator - Learning Barefoot College Peru Communities Project Arwa Guesmi Energy Innovation Fellow CleanChoice Energy Tunisia David Munoz CEO Diurna Energy, Inc. Mexico Andrade Aaesha Alnuaimi senior researcher Dubai Electricity and Water United Arab Emirates Authority James Carton Principal Investigator Dublin City University Ireland Adeola Adebiyi Programme Officer ECOWAS Centre for Renewable Cape Verde Energy and Energy Efficiency Pedro Ernesto Eletrical Enginner EDP Portugal Ferreira Nuno Silva Technology and Innovation EFACEC Energy Portugal Director 5 Mihai Toader-Pasti Cofounder & General Manager EFdeN, energiaTa Romania Salwa El- Senior Performance Evaluation and Egyptian Electricity Holding Egypt (Arab Rep.) Samanoudy Power Projects Follow up Engineer Company Felix Khembo Senior Economist Electricity Generation Company Malawi Malawi