Bi-annual Environmental Monitoring Report
Project Number: 37231-033 June 2013
Pakistan: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Project – Tranche 2 New Khanki Barrage Construction Project (NKBP)
Prepared by the Project Management Office, Irrigation Department, Government of the Punjab.
The bi-annual environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.
New Khanki Barrage Construction Project (NKBP) Biannual Environmental Monitoring Report (January – June 2013)
CONTENTS
Part I Introduction ...... 1
Construction Activities of the Project ...... 4
Project Organization and Environmental Management Team ...... 4
Relationship among the Contractor, Owner and the Engineer ...... 4
Part II Environmental Monitoring ...... 5
Environmental Monitoring Summary ...... 5
Water Quality ...... 5
Ambient Air Quality ...... 5
Flora and Fauna Monitoring ...... 6
Risk Assessment ...... 6
Part III Environmental Management ...... 7
Deliverable Documents: ...... 7
Site Inspections and Audits ...... 7
Non-compliance Notices, Corrective Action Plans ...... 7
Consultation and Complaints ...... 8
FIGURE
Figure 1: Old Khanki Barrage------1
Figure 2 Location Map of Khanki Barrage ------1
Figure 3: Organizational Setup for EMP Implementation------4
ANNEXURE
Annexure 1: Risk Assessment of Camp Sites and Work Places------12-13
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TABLES
Table 1: SUMMARY PARAMETERS OF SURFACE WATER QUALITY------9 Table 2: SUMMARY PARAMETERS OF GROUND WATER QUALITY------10 Table 3: Ambient air quality & noise level------10
Table 4: Approval Status of Site Specific Environmental Management Plans during Reported Months (January-June 2013)------11
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New Khanki Barrage Construction Project (NKBP) Biannual Environmental Monitoring Report (January – June 2013)
ABBREVIATIONS
ADB Asian Development Bank
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
CO Carbon Monooxide
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand
(DA&R) Development Assistance and Resettlement
O3 Ozone
EA Environmental Assessment
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
EMP Environmental Management Plan
EPA Environment Protection Agency
ESU Environment and Sociology Unit
HIV/AIDS Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome
HSES Health, Safety, Environment and Social
IEE Initial Environmental Examination
LCC Lower Chenab Canal
LTI Last Time Injury
NEQS National Environmental Quality Standards
NKBP New Khanki Barrage Construction Project
Nox Nitrogen Oxides
PMO Project Management Office
PID Punjab Irrigation Department
SFA Social Framework Agreement
Sox Sulfur Oxide
TDS Total dissolved solids
WHO World Health Organization
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New Khanki Barrage Construction Project (NKBP) Biannual Environmental Monitoring Report (January – June 2013)
PART 1: INTRODUCTION
1. Khanki Headwork is the oldest head work of Pakistan (32o24’09.65” N 73o58’14.30”E). It is located on the River Chenab in Tehsil Wazirabad of District Gujranwala at a distance of 18 Km in South West of Wazirabad Town and 16 Km downstream of the Alexandra Railway Bridge. Lower Chenab Canal (LCC) off-takes from Khanki Headworks which irrigates about 3 million acres of fertile land situated in seven districts of the Punjab viz., Gujranwala, Hafizabad, Sheikhupura, Nankana Sahib, Faisalabad, Toba Tek Singh and Jhang. The below figures show the features of old Khanki Barrage and location respectively.
Figure 1. KhankiHeadworks.
Figure 2.Location of KhankiHeadworks.
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2. The Headworks was constructed in the year 1892 when knowledge about hydraulic engineering was in infancy. In the past, there were repeated failures and damages to the Headworks structure while repairs, additions and alterations continued to be undertaken at various frequent intervals. The existing Khanki Headworks is a combination of different design and construction styles and has outlived its reliable life. It is pertinent to mention that the Headworks has a design discharge capacity of 800,000 cusec whereas the actual flood exceeded the designed capacity nine (9) times (the maximum was 1,086,000 cusec in 1957). Control on the river flows and pond level is loose; regulation through outmoded shutters results in significant leakages of water during periods of acute shortage and keen demands for irrigation water. Based on safety evaluation reports, replacement of outdated Headworks with a new barrage is essential. With cooperation of Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Government of the Punjab Irrigation Department (ID) has launched New Khanki Barrage Construction Project (NKBP) at a cost of Pak Rs. 23,442 Million initially over 20013-2017 (5 years) period. Out of this Rs. 394 million has been allocated for environmental and resettlement plans. The loan closing date for the project is 31st December 2013.
3. The Environment Management Plan (EMP) including Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMP) for construction packages of NKBP were prepared and made a part of the respective Contract Document under the international competitive bidding (ICB).
4. EMP provides an overall approach for managing and monitoring environment and social related issues and provides a mechanism to address the adverse environmental impacts of a project during its construction, to accelerate project benefits and describes the institutional framework and resource allocations proposed by the Punjab Irrigation Department (PID) to implement the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for the construction of New Khanki Barrage Project (NKBP).
Construction Activities of the Project
5. The contractor mobilized in the month of July 2013 and during the reported months there were no construction activities at site.
Project Organization and Environmental Management Team
Management Approach
6. The responsibilities of different organizations/departments are summarized below:
Project Management Office (PMO)
7. The overall responsibility for the implementation of Environmental Management Plan rests with the Head PMO of the Project Management Office (PMO) along with the assistance of Environmental Sociology Unit (ESU) of PMO. The ESU consists of Director Environment/Social, Deputy Director Environment, Deputy Director Sociology, Deputy Director Resettlement/Development Assistance and Deputy Director Communication.
8. PMO will ensure that contractor and supervision consultants appoint a dedicated environmental officer and allied staff. PMO will also ensure that all environmental personnel are authorized to implement the environmental& social policies and requirements of the EMP.
9. ESU will also coordinate with relevant government departments and stakeholders on concerned environmental &social/Resettlement issues. ESU will inspect and monitor
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residual impacts of the project and record documentation of the impacts during the project. ESU will also inspect the significance of impact in case of unanticipated change in the project.
10. Any major change in the project shall be reported to ADB before its execution.
Construction Supervision Consultants
11. Construction supervision consultants will hire an environmental monitoring and evaluation specialist to monitor the environmental performance of the contractor and the environmental impacts of the project activities.
12. PMO will ensure that consultant’s team has an unhindered access to all relevant documents, persons and places to enable it to perform function smoothly.
13. This environmental monitoring and evaluation specialist will prepare daily, monthly, quarterly, annually and final reports for submission to PMO.
Contractor
14. The contractor will be responsible for execution of construction activities and for environmental protection through his/her environmental and social field staff. The contractor is subject to environmental protection liabilities under environmental laws of the country, project ESIA/EMP provisions and under their contract with Irrigation Department (ID). The contractor shall also be responsible for communicating environmental & social information and training of staff in all aspects of the EMP.
15. The Environmental Monitoring team of Consultant comprising of an Environmental Specialist and an Environmental Inspector is responsible for day to day monitoring of the provisions of the EMP with the assistance of field Civil Inspectors and reporting any non- compliances of the Contractor to the PMO’s Environmentalist and to the respective Resident Engineer as well. It has been recognized that existing strength of monitoring staff of Consultant comprising of only one Environmental Specialist is not able to ensure its full time presence at each contract package under NKBP. So one environmental inspector must be included in the Environmental Monitoring team of Consultant for day to day monitoring of the EMP.
16. The Directorate of Environment PMO acts as Environmental Management Office. The environmental team of PMO is composed of a Director (Environment and Social) and four Deputy Directors. The institutional arrangement for the implementation of the Environmental Management Plan is shown in Figure-3.
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Figure.3: Organizational Setup for EMP Implementation
Project Management Office(PMO) Head PMO /Project Director (PD)
Construction Supervision Director (Social Consultant &Environment)
Dy. Dir. Dy. Dir. (Environment) (DA&R) Environmental Contractor
Specialist
Dy. Dir. Dy. Dir. (Communica (Social) Environmentalist tion) and HSE Inch.
Environmental Inspector
Relationship among the Contractor, Owner and the Engineer
17. A good working relationship was maintained with all the ICB Contracts among the Contractor owner and the Engineer. Environmental Monitoring activities were carried out mutually with PMO environmental personnel and the Contractor’s representatives. During site inspection if any deficiencies found in the implementation of the EMP, corrective actions were suggested.
18. The format for Social Framework Agreements (SFAs) has been framed and will be signed in the month of August.
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Part II Environmental Monitoring
Environmental Monitoring Summary
19. There were no construction activities at Khanki Barrage during the reporting period as contractor mobilized in the month of July 2013. The environmental monitoring will be carried out by using daily, weekly, monthly and quarterly checklists (Specimen at Annex-IV) as well as through visual observations to get information on the actual nature and extent of key impacts and the effectiveness on mitigation and enhancement measures outlined in the Environmental Management Plans (EMP) and agreed by the Contractors under the contracts. The monitoring of noise, water quality, air quality and flora/fauna will also be carried out at all the camp sites and work base areas.
Water Quality
20. The quality of the fresh water is vitally important. We depend on surface and ground water sources for our drinking purposes. We also need water to grow our crops, to harvest fish, to run machinery and to enhance the landscape etc.
Surface Water
21. Major source of Irrigation water is River Chenab through L.C.C. which presently off takes from Old Khanki Headworks in Wazirabad Tehsil and enters Hafizabad district at Muradian. During the preparation of the Environmental Assessment report two surface water samples were collected on 08.07.2011& analyzed on 13.07.2011. Almost all the parameters analyzed are well within NEQS Limit of Pak-EPA except the TSS (567.0 mg/l) of Sample -1 (Surface Water Chenab River at Head Khanki) and TSS (860 mg/l), COD (498 mg/l) and BOD5 (254 mg/l) of Sample – 2 (Surface Water where Palkhu Nullah falls into old Khanki Barrage. The surface water quality results are shown in Table 1.
Ground Water
22. The drinking water resources in the area comprises of ground water. The ground water aquifer is recharged by surface water. In the locality the governmental water supply line is not available however people are using the ground water for the drinking purpose. The sub-soil ground water table is about 32-65 feet and the water is sweet and of drinkable quality. There are above 30,000 tube wells in the extended project area which meet about 20% of the requirement of water for drinking and irrigation. By and large the tube wells are owned privately by people of the area. The ground water quality analysis results are shown in Table 2.
23. Almost all the parameters are within the WHO standards except the Sulphate (Kot Imam Buksh Village Hand Pump sample), Sodium (Kot Imam Buksh Village Hand pump & Tube well Sample) and TDS (Kot Imam Buksh Village Hand Pump sample).
Ambient Air Quality
24. Kick of dust suspension of fine particles from the ground will be the major source of atmospheric pollutant together with smoke particles arising from wood fires used for cooking and heating. Carbon monoxide and oxides of sulfur and nitrogen will be derived from powered vehicles and from burning domestic fuels, Asphalt Plants.
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25. Based on air quality base line data conducted by company of Lahore at the Khanki Barrage at three different locations as shown in table 3indicates that all the determinants were within the value defined in the Pak-EPA, NEQS air quality standards.
26. The ambient air of an area may be polluted during the construction stage, due to emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (Sox), nitrogen oxides (Nox), lead (Pb) and particulate matter (PM10). The pollutants may cause serious health hazards. No potential source of pollution such as chemical industry exists in the project area so only dust and smoke emissions will be monitored visually as recommended in the approved EIA statement of the Project.
Noise Levels
27. The noise level presently is never exceeds 68.4 dB (A). Even after the construction of new bridge along the new barrage, the noise level will not exceed 85. However during construction due to construction machinery temporarily higher noise levels shall be experience. Just for comparison safe absolute values of various noise levels are given in Table - 4.6 and base data analysis results are shown in Table 3.
Flora and Fauna
28. There is no protected area like forest, wildlife sanctuary and game reserves near the vicinity of the project area. The arrangement of the contactor facility and installation of the batching plant will be made in such a place where at least no cutting will be involved. In order to construct the re-aligned portion of LCC, about 37 trees (13 woody and 24 fruit trees, owned by private land owner) and 1017 woody trees (Eucalyptus) on government land are required to be removed. To mitigate this environmental loss the only way out is the re- plantation of at least 10,000 trees and maintained during project period.
Risk Assessment
29. Health, Safety and Environment Plan is prepared by the Contractor and approved by the Engineer. The Risk Assessment is the integral part of the HSE Plan. At strategic location such as labour camp, batching plants, spillage area, noise generating area and electrical hazard etc. the risk assessment will be carried out during the mobilization and construction stage of the project. The format is annexed as Annex 1.
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Part III Environmental Management
Deliverable Documents:
30. As contractor mobilized at Khanki Barrage in the month of July 2013 so no deliverable Document was submitted in the reported period. As for as format of the deliverable document is concerned the following (Table-4) will be used.
Table 4: Approval Status of Site Specific Environmental Management Plans during Reported Months (January-June 2013) Sr. # Title Final draft Approval date submission date by by the the Contractor Engineer
Site Inspections and Audits
31. A designated Environmental specialist will be deputed at Khanki Barrage to carry out the site inspections on daily basis for the improvement of the working conditions. ESU of PMO will also monitor the implementation status of the Environmental Management Plan. All civil construction activities will also be inspected and corrective actions will be suggested for the safe execution of the works to avoid injuries/incidents and to achieve zero level lost time injury (LTI) during the project tenure.
32. To provide safe working conditions to the labor and staff a hazard hierarchy based on following equation will be proposed to the Contractors during the execution stage.
Hazard Elimination Hazard Reduction Engineering Control Administrative Control Personal Protective Equipment
33. Here are some ways, will be applied to identify the health and safety problems:
Observation of the workplace Investigate the complaints from workers Examine accident and near-miss records Examine sickness figure Using checklists to inspect the workplace Daily tool box talks Risk assessment of the vulnerable area i.e. batching plant, Chemical storage area, Noise measurements, Air emissions, Waste management, Electric wires etc.
Non-compliance Notices, Corrective Action Plans
34. The non-compliances, notices and corrective actions will be cover under the proposed formatted table 4.
Consultation and Complaints
35. For consultation and complaints, the community complaint registers and suggestion boxes will be maintained at all camp sites. No serious complaint has been recorded during
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the previous six months from any stakeholders. The format of SFA has been prepared and would be finalized after signing of the community chairman and resident engineer. Under the provision of SFA cordial relations will be developed with local community.
Field Visit
36. During the field visits the ESU of PMO inspected different sites regarding demarcation of the project boundary; assess roads, barrow areas, traffic flow and areas for contractor facilities. On the basis of field visit following are the suggestions and recommendations for the construction of the New Khanki Barrage. 1. It would be better to start the construction of the New Khanki Barrage from the left side of the barrage. 2. Spoil banks of old LCC can be used as borrow area for the construction of the coffer dam. 3. Road from Chenanwan to Khanki Head works should be rehabilitated before start of the construction of New Barrage. 4. The canal facing side of LCC bridge regulator needs to be strengthened before start of the regular activities at barrage. 5. About 11 electric poles need to be dislocated on the road near Kot Jaffer Village. These poles should be dislocated before start of the road as they will create hindrance for the contractor machinery. 6. Irrigation reserve stocks of stones are lying in the proposed public park area which needs to be transferred to suitable place. Some build up areas are also present with in the Park area which needs to be dismantled and removed. 7. During mobilization of the Contractor to barrage the environmentalist of the consultant must be on board and supervise the implementation of the EMP during the mobilization as well as construction stage of the project. 8. Traffic Management Plan must be prepared by the Contractor before construction at barrage and submit to PMO after approval from the Consultant. 9. Contractor will submit the Site specific (EMP) to Consultant before start of the construction of Barrage. 10. Contractor will select and demarcated the borrow area and also get approval from the Consultant. 11. Road from Chenanwan to Khanki Head works is too narrow to allow two dumper to cross each other. There is need to build crossing over areas at required distances. 12. The consultant should review the EMP of Khanki Barrage and update accordingly. 13. Road from Chenanwan to Khanki Head works is critical and it is suggestion for the contractor to use this road only for one way traffic and after unloading the material follow the rout that link Khanki Barrage to KotJaffer.
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WATER QUALITY TABLE 1. SUMMARY PARAMETERS OF SURFACE WATER QUALITY
S. No. Parameters Units NEQS WHO Surface Water Surface Water Guidelines (Chenab River At (PalkhuNallah falls Head Khanki) into Old Khanki Barrage) 1 Temperature oC 40 - 30.0 25.0 2 pH Value .... 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 7.4 7.4 3 TDS mg/l 3500 1000 110.0 740 4 TSS mg/l 200 - 567.0 860 5 COD mg/l 150 N.D 40.0 498
6 BOD5 mg/l 80 N.D 18.0 254 7 Chloride mg/l 1000 250 8.4 314 8 Grease & Oil mg/l 10 - 0.0 7 9 Phenolic Compound mg/l 0.1 - BDL 0.086 10 Sulphate mg/l 600 250 18.0 150 11 Cyanide mg/l 1.0 0.07 0.005 0.007 12 An-ionic Detergents mg/I 20.0 - BDL 0.064 13 Sulphide mg/l 1.0 0.05 0.091 0.124 14 Fluoride mg// 10 1-5 0.08 0.68 15 Ammonia mg/l 40 1-5 0.55 3.2 16 Cadmium mg/l 0.1 0.003 BDL BDL 17 Chromium Total mg/l 1.0 0.05 0.01 BDL 18 Copper mg/l 1.0 1-2 0.04 0.08 19 Lead mg/l 0.5 0.01 BDL BDL 20 Nickel mg/l 1.0 0.02 0.02 0.09 21 Silver mg/l 1.0 NS BDL 0.024 22 Selenium mg/I 0.5 0.01 BDL BDL 23 Mercury mg/I 0.001 0.001 BDL BDL 24 Total Toxic Metal mg/I 2.0 - 0.07 0.194 25 Zinc mg/l 5.0 3.0 0.07 0.26 26 Arsenic mg/l 1.0 0.01 0.01 BDL 27 Barium mg/l 1.5 0.7 BDL 1.0 28 Iron Total mg/l 8.0 0.3 0.25 0.67 29 Manganese mg/I 1.5 0.1-0.5 0.154 0.256 30 Boron mg/l 6.0 0.3 0.5 0.0 31 Chlorine Total mg/I 1.0 0.6-1.0 0.0 0.10
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TABLE 2. SUMMARY PARAMETERS OF GROUND WATER QUALITY
Hand pump Hand pump Tube well WHO Near Kot Imam Kot Imam Sr.No. Parameters Units Guide lines Workshop Buksh Buksh Khanki Head Village Village 1 Temperature oC .... 28.0 23.0 23.0 2 pH Value .... 6.5-8.5 7.2 7.4 7.2 3 Arsenic mg/l 0.01 0.005 0.005 0.010 4 Chloride mg/l 250 0.8 17.9 10.1 5 Fluoride mg// 1.5 0.10 0.96 0.48 6 Sulphate mg/l 250 8.0 465.0 200.0 7 Sulphide mg/l - -- 0 0 0 8 Sodium mg/l 200 5.8 215.5 131.5 9 Potassium mg/l -- 3.6 7.7 4.8 10 TSS mg/l -- 0.0 1.0 2.0 11 TDS mg/l 1000 182.0 1060.0 684 12 Chromium Total mg/l 0.05 0 0 0 13 Lead Mg/l 0.05 0 0 0 14 Iron mg/l 0.3 2.13 0.05 0.02 15 Nitrate mg/l 50 1.2 1.2 1.0 16 Total Colony count Cfu/ml < 500 318 386 295
TABLE - 3: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY & NOISE LEVEL
Sr. Noise CO SO2 NO2 CO2 O2 PM10 No. Locations Level ppm µg/m3 µg/m3 ppm % µg/m3 dB(A) Head Khanki Near Right 1 0 BDL BDL 402.0 20.9 106.9 63.6 Protection Bund
Had Khanki near Railway 2 0 BDL BDL 418.0 20.9 112.4 68.4 track (Left Protection Bund)
Kot Imam Buksh Village 3 0 BDL BDL 436.0 20.9 103.5 61.2 near Khanki Head
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TABLE 4. Approval Status of Site Specific Environmental Management Plans during Reported Months (January-June 2013)
New Construction Khanki Remarks/ Sr. Environmental Barrage Project. No. Activity/issue Corrective Action
Provision of Personal Protective Equipments 1 (PPEs) in sufficient quantities Proper accommodation 2 of labour in the camps Proper wastewater 3 disposal
Maintenance of 4 firefighting equipment
5 Noise control
Supply of safe drinking 6 water
7 Good housekeeping
Proper solid waste 8 management Proper handling of 9 fuel/lubricants Recreational facilities 10 to the staff/labour Earthing of residential 11 cabins against lightening
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Annexure-1
Risk Assessment of Camp Sites and Work Places
Serial Simple Significance Category Aspects Impacts Severity* Frequency* # Rating of Risks**
Chemical drums used Contamination A in batching of land or plant explosion (Skima)
Contamination Hazardous Petrol drums 1 B of land , fire chemicals (Rimula) hazard
Land C Diesel contamination
Water and D Paints land contamination
Water and Oil change A land in Machines Contamination
Machinery Soil B Repairing at Contamination workshop 2 Liquid spillage Land, storm Generator water and C oils waste water contamination
Land, storm machinery water and D wash waste water contamination
Batching Noise A plant Pollution
Noise B Generator Pollution
Noise C Loader Pollution
3 Noise Noise D Dozer Pollution
Sheet foot Noise E ruler Pollution
Noise F Excavator Pollution
Noise G Crane pollution 4 Air Emission A Generators Air Pollution
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Serial Simple Significance Category Aspects Impacts Severity* Frequency* # Rating of Risks** Emissions due to Burning of Diesel
Air Pollution Exhaust due to B from Burning of Vehicles Various Fuels
Gases from Air Pollution C batching due to dust plant emissions
Melting of Causes air D sulpher pollution
Paper, plastic, tin Poor A cans, management bottles,
Waste 5 Metal Management B scraps, iron Land pollution pieces etc.
Water Used drums Contamination C and filters and Air Contamination
in Electrical A mechanical hazard 6 Electric wires workshop
In batching Electrical B plant hazard
Canal and A Life risk 7 Accidents distributaries
B Roads Life risk
Communicable 8 diseases A Camp areas Health risk
* Severity/Frequency Scale (1-5): 1-Minimal , 2-low, 3-Moderate, 4-High, 5-Major ** Significance of Risks Scale (0-25): 0-5, Insignificant: No change in workers normal routine 6-10, Minor/Short term: Minor anxiety but no change in workers behaviour 11-15 Moderate: Moderate anxiety leading to medium to short-term changes in workers routines 16-20 High: High risks to body damage/loss of life and loss of property. High levels of anxiety leading to sustained changes in workers normal routines 21-25 Extreme: Life risks to the workers and significant damage to the property
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