Name: ______Block: ______

Part 3: French Revolution French Society Divided  ______Estate – ______o Had most of the ______o Paid ______

 ______Estate – ______o Held ______o Paid ______

 ______Estate – ______o Social order within the Third Estate . ______(boor-zhwah-zee)  Bankers, merchants, manufacturers, lawyers, doctors, journalists, and professors . ______ ______- Agricultural (______)  ______- ______of the Third Estate o Apprentices, Journeymen, servants, stable hands, construction workers, street sellers

• Review: What is an Absolute Monarchy? • A: Kings or Queens that held ______of the power within their borders. • Review: What did Monarchs believe about their power? • A: Kings and Queens believed that God ______the monarchy. • A: Monarchs also believed that ______. • Called the “______” • This is what gave them all of their power.

The Rise of Absolute Monarchy in France  Henry IV becomes King of France in 1589 o This begins the ______. There is conflict between ______and ______ Nobles are people of ______o Henry begins creating a government centered around ______. He was ______in 1610  Louis XIII becomes king at the age of ______after his father Henry’s death o Cardinal Richelieu runs the country till Louis comes of age o During his reign he consolidated and ______the kings power . Louis XIII dies in 1643  Louis XIV became king of France at ______years old when his father died o He grew to ______because of the riots that tore France apart during his childhood . Stripped all ______from nobles and ______o “L’ètat, e’est moi” . “I am the state”  Louis’ view was that he and the state were one in the same . He became the most ______in French history  Nicknamed “______” because he thought himself greater than the sun o King Louis XIV left France with a lot of ______. Still spent lavishly  Began taxing ______and ______to pay for his spending o They ______giving up their exemption o Louis XIV died in 1715 after ______years in power . People in France ______when it was announced!! o Mixed Legacy . Positive: France ranked above all other European nations in ______. Also considered the ______of Europe . Negative: Constant ______& the construction of a ______at Versailles put France into ______. Plus the ______were burdened by ______.  King Louis XV takes power in 1715 at the age of five. o Ran up ______than King Louis XIV o Died in 1774 after ______years in power!  Louis Auguste was born in 1754 as the ______heir to the French throne. o Married ______at 15 years old o Father (first French heir) died when Louis was 11. o Crowned as ______in 1774 after his grandfather, Louis XV, died. . Had been taught to appear ______and ______to ______. Took over a country in ______. Began as a ______and ______king o Hired a ______. Advised to ______ ______and ______had him ______

The Estates-General  A legislative body with ______from each of the three estates  Summoning the Estates-General o As the financial crisis worsened, members of the clergy and nobility urged King Louis XVI to ______. This had not been done for nearly ______!  Louis XVI summoned the Estates-General in 1788 o Kept the ______as they had in 1614 . ______and ______Estates wore their ______ ______Estate wore ______. Questions on ______ Unfair to the ______Estate  The Third Estate Rises o Unhappy with the Estates-General . Declared themselves the “National Assembly”

The Oath  King Louis XVI had the Chamber doors ______so that the ______Estate could not meet o Members felt this was a ______ Met on a ______near the ______o Signed an ______to never ______until ______were made o Ultimately wanted a ______for France  King Louis XVI ______the First and Second Estates to ______the Third Estate in the ______.

The Storming of the Bastille  What was the Bastille? o It was a ______used by King Louis XVI as a ______ Members of the ______Estate demanded to King Louis XVI that they be given ______o Feared that the King was ______. They needed to ______themselves  Took ______from a ______o Still needed ______o The Bastille housed ______. Seen as a symbol of the ______. Also had a lot of gunpowder…they thought…

 July 14th, 1789 o ______marched to the front of the Bastille and asked for ______. They were ______. o They ______the barrier and ______of the Bastille while ______. o The importance of July 14th . This is seen as the day France ______from the Monarchies.  Celebrated each year o Much like the US’s July 4th Writing:  Imagine that you are a member of the Third Estate. Write a letter to a loved one telling of the wonderful day that the Bastille had been taken from the King.

The End of the Monarchy:  The ______– many commoners believed the King had sent ______to ______those in the ______and ______. o Peasants became ______by ______and attacking store owners. . Many in the Third Estate were ______ Marquis de Lafayette o Fought with George Washington in the American Revolution o Became leader of the ______. The National Guard was a ______to oppose the Royal Troops.  “Feudalism is Dead!” o August 4th, 1789 . ______agree to give up ______in a vote with National Assembly.  (Hunting Rights, Tax Exemption, special legal status) . “The ______”  Document written by the National Assembly  Modeled after the US’s ______o “Men are born and remain free and equal in rights.” o “These rights are liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression.”  Declared ______male citizens ______under the law o People would be ______according to their ______.  “______” o Slogan of the French Revolution o Blue, White, and Red on the French Flag signify this saying.

Women’s March on Versailles  ______women were angry at Marie Antoinette for her ______while the ______were ______. o Believed she was ______in the palace  Shouted “______” as they marched from Paris to Versailles . (Marie Antoinette never said “Let them eat cake!”) o Demanded that the King, Queen, and son travel back to Paris . Louis and Marie are now basically ______in their own palace in Paris.

The Constitution of 1791  Set up a ______ ______could make ______, collect ______, and ______on issues  All ______over _____ years old could ______in elections  Ended ______o Put the power back in citizens hands (for now)

Revolution Turns Radical  The Legislative Assembly ______ ______of money ______; ______o Caused ______ Rise of the ______(sanz koo lahts) o Means “without breeches” o Demanded a ______. Supported by the Jacobins  Middle-Class lawyers and intellectuals  Used pamphlets or newspapers to spread cause  Declaration of War o The Legislative Assembly ______on ______o Fighting will last off and on from 1792 to 1815

The Fighting Begins  Citizens storm the Palace of Tuileries looking for the ______o King Louis XVI and his family ______ Prison holding ______and ______attacked o ______ The Fall of the Monarchy o ______overthrew the Legislative Assembly . Formed The ______ Voted to ______ Wrote a ______o Jacobins want to erase the “______” . ______from ______and abolished their ______. Basically, they were just regular, normal, average, unimportant people, now…

The Death of King Louis XVI  January, 1793 o Louis was ______. There were 721 voters in total. 34 voted for death with attached conditions, 2 voted for life imprisonment in irons, 319 voted for imprisonment until the end of the war followed by banishment. 361 voted for death without conditions.  34 + 2 + 319 = 355 o 361 > 355 o Sentenced to ______. Final Words: “Frenchmen, I die innocent. I pardon the authors of my death. I pray God that the blood about to be spilt will never fall upon the head of France…” o Queen Mary Antoinette will be ______a few months later in October of 1793. . Her final words were an apology to the executioner because she stepped on his foot…  Prussia, Austria, and Italy ______on France o French armies overtook the Netherlands and invaded Italy

The Reign of Terror: Sept. 1793 – July 1794  The Committee of Public Safety was created to ______o ______Members who had almost ______over France . Were in charge of all ______o ______- forced ______French citizens to support the ______ The Rise of ______o Called “______” because he was so committed to the revolution . His ______called him a ______o Became the leader of the Committee . Believed France could achieve a republic of quality only through the use of ______.  “Liberty cannot be secured unless criminals lose their heads.” o Trials and Executions . Those who resisted the revolution  ______arrested; ______executed  Executions done by ______ The End of the Reign of Terror o Members of the National Convention have Robespierre ______

Napoleon Bonaparte  Born in Corsica  Given command of the ______o Used troops movements to always ______o Drove the Austrians out of Italy o Became a ______ Moved back to Paris to help with the Revolution o Sided with the Jacobins and preferred a ______

A New Constitution  Moving away from the ______of Robespierre, the National Convention wrote another ______o Set up a ______and a ______. Elected by ______. . ______

Election of 1797  Supporters of a ______win a majority of legislative seats o Call for a Hero to Lead . Politicians ask ______for help as the chaos grew out of control  Wanted to use him ______

Napoleon Takes Over  1799 he helped to ______the Directory o Set up a ______called ______. Called himself ______of the Consulate or “______” o The Consulate writes a ______. If you’re keeping track, that’s ______since 1789  Napoleon is named ______ 1804 - Napoleon becomes ______o This was “______” on by the citizens of France . There were ______other than Napoleon, but the people actually ______

Napoleonic Rule  Had ______o Clergy and Nobles supported his ______o Bourgeoisie and Peasants supported him because he ______ The Napoleonic Code o Opened ______to all based on ______o Made the ______the ______. This took away some of the rights women had gained during the Revolution

Napoleonic Empire: 1799-1815  Annexed ______ Abolished the ______ Placed ______and ______on thrones of other European nations o ______as the ______o ______as the ______ ______took over France o People held ______for Napoleon o ______his every move . Nationalism: ______ Attacking Great Britain o ______at the ______o Napoleon ______. ______suspected of ______ British attacking American ships trading with France will spark the War of 1812 o Ultimately failed . ______o French Armies spread the ideas of ______to other European nations . The ______became popular in parts of Europe

The Decline of Napoleon  Germany, Austria, and Spain all ______against French armies spreading French culture  Invasion of ______o Tsar Alexander I ______his ______o Napoleon sends the ______(600,000 soldiers from 15 countries) to Russia . Russians ______but ______before they left  “______” o Entered ______in September . Began to ______because of the ______ Only ______the march to France o Napoleon’s ______had been ______ ______in 1813 o Napoleon ______from power . ______to an ______far from France o ______(brother of XVI) named ______ In 1815, Napoleon ______. o ______. Only served for ______ Battle of ______- July 18, 1815 o ______. Napoleon ______ ______in 1821

Restoring Europe:  Congress of ______o Met for ______o Main goals for Europe: . ______. ______. ______. ______ France, Italy, Spain and Portugal o “______” . ______between Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia . Created ______in ______for the next ______until the ______.