DOCSLIB.ORG

Ghosts of the Third Reich a Film by Claudia Sobral and Tommaso Valente

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ghosts of the Third Reich a Film by Claudia Sobral and Tommaso Valente Ghosts of the Third Reich A film by Claudia Sobral and Tommaso Valente STUDY GUIDE for individual reading and class discussion Prepared by Dr. Suzanne Free July 2013 Dr. Zipora Gur Executive Director Classrooms Without Borders Visit www.classroomswithoutborders.org for more information. STUDY GUIDE: Ghosts of the Third Reich A film by Claudia Sobral and Tommaso Valente “[God] will by no means clear the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children and the children's children, to the third and fourth generation.” Exodus 34: 7 “Chromosomes are funny things. .They may skip a generation. [But] blood will tell.” Hermann Goering “Only the guilty are guilty – their children are not.” Elie Wiesel “I learned that as a German. I could turn guilt into ploughshares.” Bernd Wollschlaeger I. Introduction On the DVD cover of Ghosts of the Third Reich, the following quote appears: “[This film] documents the poignant and anguished stories of descendants of the Nazis, who communicate . their most profound feelings of guilt by inheritance.” What is “guilt by inheritance?” Do you believe in it? For many Germans, the Holocaust is “the past that will not pass.” Psychiatrist Josef Shaked explains that the second, third, and fourth generations of descendents of Nazi perpetrators carry the guilt and shame of their ancestors as if they were their own. Does the millennia-old book of Exodus (see reference above) have it right? Can the innocent children and grandchildren of evil-doers just let go and “move on?” If not, why not? The film asserts that, nearly 70 years later, ghosts of the Holocaust are haunting Germany. What kinds of ghosts? Who haunts Ursula Boger, Bettina Goering, and Bernd Wollschlaeger? Do you understand their anguish? Considering what happened to millions in the death camps, is their shame no more or less than you’d expect? Or are they simply “stuck” in the past? Ghosts of the Third Reich explores how hard it is for Germans to acknowledge the “darkest darkness” of their country’s past. Some even wrestle with the idea that their families’ genetic roots are “poisoned.” They are wary of having children, afraid they might pass on a “cruelty” gene to the next generation. (Can a capacity for extreme cruelty be passed down in families like a talent for the violin - or left- handedness?) At the same time, Jewish survivors wrestle with the grim fact that they have no roots at all, since, in many cases, their entire families were wiped out by the Nazis. Can we spare any sympathy for the descendants of the perpetrators? Should we? Why or why not? If you were a young German today, how would you handle this situation? Would you try to escape the past by distancing yourself from it? (“That was then, this is now!”) Would you be tempted to deny it ever happened (“It’s all lies!” as Bettina Goering’s grandmother used to say)? Or would you simply stay silent on the subject (“Totschweigen”) “to make death go away”? How does this film differ from other films you have seen on the legacy of the Holocaust? What is Ghosts of the Third Reich really about—and where does it leave you? II. Principal voices in the film (1) Ursula Boger -- Granddaughter of Friedrich Wilhelm Boger, who was a member of the SS and a principal actor in the crimes of Auschwitz; inventor of the tortuous device called “the Swing” by which broken men were hung up and beaten to death. He never repented of his war crimes nor accepted any personal responsibility. He died in prison when Ursula was 7 years old. -- She grew up thinking of the Holocaust as an “abstraction,” until, at age 13 or 14, “Suddenly it was my own grandfather. and [I learned] that he was one of the cruelest.” -- Haunted by “terrible nightmares. .” “I felt completely alone.” -- Why does she carry her long-dead grandfather’s guilt within herself? Can you understand it? Would you do the same thing? -- Has Wilhelm Boger left his granddaughter “hanging” on a kind of psychological swing? Can you imagine any solution to Ursula’s emotional torment? (2) Bettina Goering -- Grand-niece of Herman Goering, who was second in command under Hitler, authorized the full implementation of the Final Solution, and Hitler’s designated successor. -- She feels haunted – “a lot of ghosts still around.” Remembers her grandmother as one who felt “superior to everyone else.” -- Was raised in happy household of “Totschweigen” – by which the Holocaust (and her great-uncle’s role in it) were “silenced to death.” This went beyond merely ignoring the past; it was buried, unspoken of for decades, as if it had never happened. -- Her great uncle never repented, never expressed remorse; he believed himself to be a “martyr.” -- As Bettina gradually learned the devastating truth (portrayed in the documentary film “Bloodlines”), she became caught up in a personal struggle that continues to this day. -- Can you understand Bettina’s emotional struggle? Why is she so haunted? -- How would you feel in her position? Why did she go so far as to choose to be sterilized? What would you have advised her to do? -- What is her path to healing and hope? (3) Bernd Wollschlaeger -- Son of Arthur Wollschleiger, highly decorated World War II tank commander, personally commended by Adolf Hitler; a graduate of NAPOLA, the “West Point” for future leaders of Nazi Germany, a corps of superior men (“uber- mensch”) who “justify the existence of the human race.” -- Bernd grew up in a household of silence about the war; suffered the contempt of his father for any show of emotion; only toughness and achievement met with Arthur’s approval. -- Bernd’s growing sympathy for victims of the Nazis infuriated his father. -- His mother’s advice: “Why poke at the past? We all suffered. We were all victims.” -- Bernd gradually identifies with Jews; refuses to serve in German military during Cold War; finally disconnects from family. -- How hard was it for Bernd to say aloud, “My father was not a hero. [he was] the embodiment of evil”--? -- What does his mother mean by “We were all victims.” Is this fact? Rationalization? Both? Do you agree with her? -- Bernd “feels responsible for the Holocaust, but not guilty.” What does he mean—and what is the difference? -- You have heard the phrase “My country, right or wrong, my country” or perhaps, “My family, right or wrong, my family.” Was Bernd right or wrong in his decision to abandon both? (4) Samson Munn -- Son of Polish Jewish Holocaust victims; many members of his father’s side of the family were murdered, including his father’s parents. -- His mother spent two years in Auschwitz and Bergen-Belsen; was found buried under a pile of corpses—“all but dead;” her parents murdered. -- Speaks of the “legacy” of the Holocaust as “shattered lives and a new language of cruelty.” “While Nazi perpetrators indulged in silence and denial after the war, their descendents have struggled with knowledge.” -- Founded “The Austrian Encounter” in 1995. -- What is The Austrian Encounter? -- How can dialogue (“with little or no agenda”) between descendants of Holocaust victims and descendants of perpetrators make a difference?” In your opinion, can bridges between them be built? Can tensions be eased and prejudices diminished? -- What are the requirements of those who participate in these dialogues? -- Samson says, “I am no longer interested in the tribalistic benefit of aligning myself with Jews; I am more interested in aligning myself with humanity.” What does he mean? What is to be lost or gained from such a switch in alignment? (5) Professor Josef Shaked -- As a psychiatrist and specialist in post-war trauma, he observed a pattern: The first generation of perpetrators of Germany’s unprecedented war crimes denied their guilt – “were unable to cope with it.” -- Their guilt and shame was transmitted “sub-consciously” to the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th generations—who carry it with them to this day, though they are innocent. -- Compare this with the passage in Exodus 34:7. Is this a spiritual, emotional, or psychological phenomenon? Is such guilt a “disorder” to be cured or an inevitable consequence to be endured? (6) Primo Levi -- To think about, quoted near the end of the film: “The plague has died away, but the infection still lingers and it would be foolish to deny it. Rejection of human solidarity, obtuse and cynical indifference to the suffering of others, abdication of the intellect and of moral sense. .and above all, at the root of everything, a sweeping tide of cowardice, a colossal cowardice which masks itself as warring virtue, love of country and faith in an idea.” -- Was cowardice the tap root of the Holocaust, the Reich drawing sustenance from the depths of human fear? (7) Elie Wiesel -- The film’s last words are: “Only the guilty are guilty, not their children.” -- If this is so, why do the children feel guilty? III. Further Study Questions As you continue to think about this film, consider other ethical, religious, historical, and psychological questions: (1) What would it be like to grow up in a house where questions are never asked and close relatives, alive or dead, are never acknowledged? (2) Have you ever felt trapped in “a past that will not pass?” (3) Is there any justification for “genetic profiling?” Can megalomania, sociopathy, and psychopathy be passed down in families? Was Goering right when he wrote that “Blood will tell”? (4) Are people born good or evil? Or is Elie Wiesel right? (5) What were “Nazi eugenics?” Who was targeted and why? (6) How long should Germany feel guilty for the Holocaust? To the third and fourth generations? The thousandth generation? (7) Is there more than one way to deny the Holocaust? (8) What is the difference between collective responsibility and collective guilt? What did author Fyodor Dostoyevski mean by “All are responsible for all”? (9) Is there such a thing as unpardonable sin—something even God cannot forgive? (Note: American author Nathaniel Hawthorne thought there was.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Déportés À Auschwitz. Certains Résis- Tion D’Une Centaine, Sont Traqués Et Tent Avec Des Armes
    MORT1943 ET RÉSISTANCE BIEN QU’AYANT rarement connu les noms de leurs victimes juives, les nazis entendaient que ni Zivia Lubetkin, ni Richard Glazar, ni Thomas Blatt ne survivent à la « solution finale ». Ils survécurent cependant et, après la Shoah, chacun écrivit un livre sur la Résistance en 1943. Quelque 400 000 Juifs vivaient dans le ghetto de Varsovie surpeuplé, mais les épi- démies, la famine et les déportations à Treblinka – 300 000 personnes entre juillet et septembre 1942 – réduisirent considérablement ce nombre. Estimant que 40 000 Juifs s’y trouvaient encore (le chiffre réel approchait les 55 000), Heinrich Himmler, le chef des SS, ordonna la déportation de 8 000 autres lors de sa visite du ghetto, le 9 janvier 1943. Cependant, sous la direction de Mordekhaï Anielewicz, âgé de 23 ans, le Zydowska Organizacja Bojowa (ZOB, Organisation juive de combat) lança une résistance armée lorsque les Allemands exécutèrent l’ordre d’Himmler, le 18 janvier. Bien que plus de 5 000 Juifs aient été déportés le 22 janvier, la Résistance juive – elle impliquait aussi bien la recherche de caches et le refus de s’enregistrer que la lutte violente – empêcha de remplir le quota et conduisit les Allemands à mettre fin à l’Aktion. Le répit, cependant, fut de courte durée. En janvier, Zivia Lubetkin participa à la création de l’Organisation juive de com- bat et au soulèvement du ghetto de Varsovie. « Nous combattions avec des gre- nades, des fusils, des barres de fer et des ampoules remplies d’acide sulfurique », rapporte-t-elle dans son livre Aux jours de la destruction et de la révolte.
    [Show full text]
  • December Layout 1
    Vol. 38-No. 2 ISSN 0892-1571 November/December 2011-Kislev/Tevet 5772 PRESERVING THE PAST – GUARDING THE FUTURE: 30 YEARS OF ACHIEVEMENT ANNUAL TRIBUTE DINNER OF THE AMERICAN & INTERNATIONAL SOCIETIES FOR YAD VASHEM he annual gathering of the American passed on but whose spirit joins us on this and prejudice. We are always pleased to the imperative of Holocaust remembrance Tand International Societies for Yad joyous occasion. I am proud to see how far have with us and recognize the major lead- and thus help ensure that no nation – any- Vashem is an experience in remembrance we have come since that first meeting, ership of this spectacular 800 member as- where, anytime – should ever again suffer and continuity. This year the organization thanks to the generosity of all who are here sociation. a calamity of the unprecedented nature is celebrating its thirtieth anniversary. At tonight and those we remember with love. “The Young Leadership Associates are and scope that befell our people some 70 the Tribute Dinner that was held on No- We witness the growth of Yad Vashem, its the guardians of the future and will be re- years ago in Europe,” said Rabbi Lau. vember 20 at the Sheraton Hotel in New many sites and museums built, and pro- sponsible for ensuring our legacy. Recognizing the tremendous contribu- York, survivors were joined by the genera- grams established, through our efforts. “Our thoughts tonight are bittersweet; we tion of the Societies’ chairman Eli tions that are their inheritors of Jewish con- “And we see our future leaders, the remember our loved ones and all which Zborowski to the cause of Holocaust re- tinuity.
    [Show full text]
  • Imagesinspiteofall.Pdf
    Warning Concerning Copyright Restrictions The Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted materials. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research. If electronic transmission of reserve material is used for purposes in excess of what constitutes "fair use," that user may be liable for copyright infringement. Images FOUR in Spite PHOTOGRAPHS FROM of All AUSCHWITZ GEORGES DIDI-HUBERMAN Translated by SHANE B. LILLIS THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS Chicago & London FOUR PIECES Inorde for our. OF FILM imagi SNATCHED FROM HELL itto t that OE response that we must offer, as a de that certain prisoners snatched, for of their experience. So let us not invo much harder was it for the prisoners few shreds of which now we are tru ing them simply by looking at them. 1 time more precious and less comforti , art, snatched as they were from a wo ity. Thus, images in spite of all: in spi in spite of the risks taken. In return, take them on, and try to comprehen in spite of our own inability to loo spite of our own world, full, almost c modities. [ ] Of all the prisoners in Auschwitz, many the SS wanted to eradicate at members of the Sonderkommando. Tli prisoners who operated the mass e hands.
    [Show full text]
  • From Humiliation to Humanity Reconciling Helen Goldman’S Testimony with the Forensic Strictures of the Frankfurt Auschwitz Trial
    S: I. M. O. N. Vol. 8|2021|No.1 SHOAH: INTERVENTION. METHODS. DOCUMENTATION. Andrew Clark Wisely From Humiliation to Humanity Reconciling Helen Goldman’s Testimony with the Forensic Strictures of the Frankfurt Auschwitz Trial Abstract On 3 September 1964, during the Frankfurt Auschwitz trial, Helen Goldman accused SS camp doctor Franz Lucas of selecting her mother and siblings for the gas chamber when the family arrived at Birkenau in May 1944. Although she could identify Lucas, the court con- sidered her information under cross-examination too inconsistent to build a case against Lucas. To appreciate Goldman’s authority, we must remove her from the humiliation of the West German legal gaze and inquire instead how she is seen through the lens of witness hospitality (directly by Emmi Bonhoeffer) and psychiatric assessment (indirectly by Dr Walter von Baeyer). The appearance of Auschwitz survivor Helen (Kaufman) Goldman in the court- room of the Frankfurt Auschwitz trial on 3 September 1964 was hard to forget for all onlookers. Goldman accused the former SS camp doctor Dr Franz Lucas of se- lecting her mother and younger siblings for the gas chamber on the day the family arrived at Birkenau in May 1944.1 Lucas, considered the best behaved of the twenty defendants during the twenty-month-long trial, claimed not to recognise his accus- er, who after identifying him from a line-up became increasingly distraught under cross-examination. Ultimately, the court rejected Goldman’s accusations, choosing instead to believe survivors of Ravensbrück who recounted that Lucas had helped them survive the final months of the war.2 Goldman’s breakdown of credibility echoed the experience of many prosecution witnesses in West German postwar tri- als after 1949.
    [Show full text]
  • Hans Habes Roman Christoph Und Sein Vater – Zwischen Persönlicher Verarbeitung Und Den Westdeutschen Schuld- Und Aufarbeitungsdiskursen Der Nachkriegszeit
    HANS HABES ROMAN CHRISTOPH UND SEIN VATER – ZWISCHEN PERSÖNLICHER VERARBEITUNG UND DEN WESTDEUTSCHEN SCHULD- UND AUFARBEITUNGSDISKURSEN DER NACHKRIEGSZEIT BY CHRISTIAN AHLREP THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in German in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2011 Urbana, Illinois Adviser: Associate Professor Anke Pinkert ABSTRACT This Master thesis is an investigation of the Book “Christoph und sein Vater” by Hans Habe. The author was one of the most important publicists in West Germany after World War II. During his life he wrote more than twenty books, some of them translated into English, and around ten thousand newspaper articles, but today he is unknown and unnoticed by literary scholars. The beginning of this thesis (chapter 2) summarizes the investigated book and highlights biographical information about Hans Habe. The main topic of the book is the relationship between Veit Harlan, the director of the anti-Semitic film “Jud Suess” during the Nazi period, and his son Thomas Harlan. The literary interpretation reveals not only a relationship between the main characters and the German postwar period (chapter 3), but also a strong connection to the book “Ritualmord in Ungarn” by Arnold Zweig and explores the question of Jewishness in a Christian society (chapter 4), Habe’s depiction of the Harlan family (chapter 5) and how the author discusses several problems of the 1960s German society (chapter 6). The interpretation concludes with a short summary (chapter 7). In this thesis I argue that Hans Habe uses the conflict between Veit and Thomas Harlan to, on the one hand, cast his own criticism on the German postwar society, and on the other hand, to come to terms with the suicide of his father.
    [Show full text]
  • 1945 the Aftermath of the Holocaust Scenario
    THE AFTERMatH subject OF THE HOLOCAUST Context9. Historians of the Second World War, par- The painful truth was nevertheless re- ticularly the Holocaust, have not to date vealed, despite German attempts to hide been able to determine the exact number the scale of their crimes and destruction of Jews murdered at that time. Shortly af- of their evidence. Still during the war, gov- ter the war, the number was generally es- ernments of Allied countries fighting the timated to be approximately six million. It was Germans announced a court trial for those re- recognised that approximately four million died sponsible for crimes committed in occupied ter- in camps and the remaining two million in oth- ritories. This includes a declaration of 13 January er locations, primarily ghettos, and as a result of 1942 signed in London at a meeting headed by mass executions by Einsatzgruppen in the East. the Prime Minister of the Polish government-in-ex- These numbers were cited by the International ile Władysław Sikorski. Representatives of nine al- Military Tribunal in Nuremberg and were based on lied countries issued a written document on the German statistics. These statistics are nevertheless post-war prosecution of crime perpetrators. The inexact, because not all documentation on all Ger- exposed extent of genocide that took place dur- man crimes against Jews has been found. Addi- ing the war meant that public opinion in the free tionally, the Germans documented the Holocaust world demanded that all those guilty be swiftly with varying precision. Some aspects were scru- punished immediately after the war.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright by Josch Lampe 2021
    Copyright by Josch Lampe 2021 The Dissertation Committee for Josch Lampe Certifies that this is the approved version of the following Dissertation: The Marxisms of West Germany's "1968": Remaking a Public Critique through Literary Magazines Committee: Katherine Arens, Supervisor Pascale R. Bos Kirkland A. Fulk Sabine Hake Jan Uelzmann The Marxisms of West Germany's "1968": Remaking a Public Critique through Literary Magazines by Josch Lampe Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin May 2021 Acknowledgements First of all, I would like to thank my supervisor and committee, without whom this dissertation would not have been possible. The University of Texas at Austin and its Department of Germanic Studies have been crucial for this research project in both intellectual and financial ways. Research grants for the summers of 2018 and 2019 from the Department and a University Graduate Continuing Fellowship from the Graduate School for the academic year 2019–20 made it possible for me to devote my energies to my project and to complete it despite the disruptions of 2020. I would also like to thank the American Friends of Marbach, who granted me a dissertation fellowship to conduct research at the German Literature Archive in Marbach, Germany, in the summer of 2018. Vast parts of this dissertation are based on data that I was able to access thanks to the archivists, researchers, and staff in Marbach, especially Jan Bürger, Christoph Hilse, Gerhild Kölling, Petra Weiß, and Robert Zwarg.
    [Show full text]
  • Der Auschwitz- Mythos
    Dr. Wilhelm Stäglich Der Auschwitz- Mythos Legende oder Wirklichkeit ? Eine kritische Bestandsaufnahme AAARGH VERLAG Am Internet, 2003 W. Stäglish / Der Auschwitz-Mythos 1979 durch Grabert Verlag in Tübingen. ISBN 3-87847-042-8 Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für deutsche Nachkriegsgeschichte Band IX Diesen Text stellt Ihnen AAARGH in 1998 für die wissenschaftliche Forschung, zu Bildungszwecken und verwandten Anwendungen zur Verfügung. AAARGH Internattionale Büro (Vereinigung langjähriger Konsumenten von Berichten über den Krieg und den Holokaust) ist per eMail zu erreichen unter "[email protected]". – 2 – W. Stäglish / Der Auschwitz-Mythos Inhaltsverzeichnis VORWORT 5 Erstes Kapitel Einführung 7 I. DER AUSCHWITZ-MYTHOS: GEFAHR FÜR DIE VOLKSKRAFT 7 II. ENTSTEHUNG DES AUSCHWITZ-MYTHOS 8 III. DARSTELLUNG UND GRUNDLAGEN DES AUSCHWITZ- MYTHOS 11 1. Das "offizielle" Auschwitz-Bild 11 2. Die Grundlagen des "offiziellen" Auschwitz-Bildes 15 a) Dokumentarische Beweisführung 15 b) Erlebnisschilderungen der Nachkriegszeit 17 c) Gerichtsverfahren der Nachkriegszeit 18 Zweites Kapitel: Die zeitnahen Dokumente 21 I. GRUNDLEGENDE DOKUMENTE AUS DEUTSCHEN AKTEN 21 1. Der Göring-Erlaß vom 31. Juli 1941 21 2. Das "Wannsee-Protokoll" 25 3. Weitere Dokumente zu den Deportationen 39 4. Dokumente zum " Vernichtungslager" 40 5. Zusammenfassende Stellungnahme 48 II. REDEN UND SONSTIGE OFFENTLICHE ÄUSSERUNGEN FÜHRENDER POLITIKER DES DRITTEN REICHES 48 1.Vorbemerkungen 48 2. Adolf Hitler 50 3. Heinrich Himmler 52 4. Hans Frank 60 5. Alfred Rosenberg 64 6. Zusammenfassung 65 III. TAGEBÜCHER UND ANDERE ZEITNAHE AUFZEICHNUNGEN 66 1. Tagebücher und Briefe 66 2. Der Report des War Refugee Board (WRB) 71 3. "Vergrabene Handschriften" 74 IV. BILD-"DOKUMENTE" 77 Drittes Kapitel Zeugen und Erlebnisberichte 81 I. VORBEMERKUNGEN ZUR PROBLEMATIK 81 II.
    [Show full text]
  • Nazi-Deutsch/Nazi-German
    Last EH on Page iii Nazi-Deutsch/Nazi German An English Lexicon of the Language of the Third Reich ROBERT MICHAEL and KARIN DOERR Forewords by Paul Rose Leslie Morris Wolfgang Mieder GREENWOOD PRESS Westport, Connecticut • London iv First EH on Page Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Michael, Robert, 1936– Nazi-Deutsch/Nazi German : an English lexicon of the language of the Third Reich / Robert Michael and Karin Doerr ; forewords by Paul Rose, Leslie Morris and Wolfgang Mieder. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0–313–32106–X (alk. paper) 1. German language—Dictionaries—English. 2. German language—Government jargon—Dictionaries. 3. National socialism—Terminology—Dictionaries. 4. Nazis—Language—Dictionaries. 5. Germany—History—1933–1945. 6. German language—Political aspects. 7. Propaganda, German. I. Title: Nazi-German. II. Doerr, Karin, 1951– III. Title. PF3680.M48 2002 943.086'03—dc21 2001042328 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright © 2002 by Robert Michael and Karin Doerr All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2001042328 ISBN: 0-313-32106-X First published in 2002 Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. www.greenwood.com Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984). 10987654321 Contents Foreword by Paul Rose vii Foreword by Leslie Morris xi Foreword by Wolfgang Mieder xv Preface xix Acknowledgments xxi The Tradition of Anti-Jewish Language by Robert Michael 1 Nazi-Deutsch: An Ideological Language of Exclusion, Domination, and Annihilation by Karin Doerr 27 Lexicon 47 Appendix 459 Select Bibliography 477 Last EH on Page vi To the six million dead Jews and to all the victims of Nazism.
    [Show full text]
  • Sexual Violence Against Jewish Women During the Holocaust As Trope in Zeugin Aus Der Hölle Kerstin Steitz Old Dominion University, [email protected]
    Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons World Languages and Cultures Faculty Publications World Languages & Cultures 2017 "No Innocent Victim"?: Sexual Violence Against Jewish Women During the Holocaust as Trope in Zeugin aus der Hölle Kerstin Steitz Old Dominion University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/worldlanguages_pubs Part of the Domestic and Intimate Partner Violence Commons, Film and Media Studies Commons, German Language and Literature Commons, and the Jewish Studies Commons Repository Citation Steitz, Kerstin, ""No Innocent Victim"?: Sexual Violence Against Jewish Women During the Holocaust as Trope in Zeugin aus der Hölle" (2017). World Languages and Cultures Faculty Publications. 11. https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/worldlanguages_pubs/11 Original Publication Citation Steitz, K. (2017). "No Innocent Victim"?: Sexual Violence Against Jewish Women During the Holocaust as Trope in Zeugin aus der Hölle. Women in German Yearbook: Feminist Studies in German Literature & Culture, 33, 101-127. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the World Languages & Cultures at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in World Languages and Cultures Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 “No Innocent Victim”? Sexualized Violence Against Jewish Women During the Holocaust as Trope in Zeugin aus der Hölle Author's final accepted manuscript of article Kerstin Steitz
    [Show full text]
  • Gross Rosen Concentration Camp
    Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team www.HolocaustResearchProject.org Search Home - Holocaust Prelude - Euthanasia - Einsatzgruppen - Aktion Reinhard - Ghettos - Revolt & Resistance Other Camps Other Camps - Holocaust Economics - The German Occupation - Survivors Stories - Trials - Image Gallery - Appendix A-Z Key Nazi personalities in the Camp System n Arthur Greiser n Arthur Nebe n Josef Mengele Gross-Rosen n Rudolf Höss Concentration Camp n Theodor Eicke The Labor & The Nazis established Gross-Rosen on the 2 August 1940 in Lower Silesia, as a satellite camp Extermination Camps of Sachsenhausen, in the vicinity of the granite quarry of Gross-Rosen. On 1 May 1941 Gross- Auschwitz/Birkenau Rosen became an independent concentration camp; it remained in operation until mid-February 1945, the camps commandants were as follows: n Historical Timeline n The Basics l SS-Obersturmbannfuhrer Arthur Rodl 1941 -1942 n Chain of Command l SS- Haupsturmfuhrer Wilhelm Gideon 1942 n The Gas Chambers l SS – Sturmbannfuhrer Johannes Hassebroek 1943 – 1944 n Wilhelm Boger n Oswald Kaduk n Robert Mulka The original camp entrance at Gross-Rosen Other notable members of the camp staff were as follows: n Pery Broad Excerpt n Auschwitz Protocol The Vrba-Wetzler n Report Dr.. Karl Babor n n Dr.. Heinrich Rindfleisch n Auschwitz Peter Brandenburg n n Fritz Ritterbusch Remembered Karl Brauer n n Dr.. Karl Schmidt n The Death March Herbert Dillmann n Kuno Schramm who also served at Dachau, Majdanek and n n Dr.. FrieDr.ich Entress, who served at Period Photos Neuengamme n Mauthausen and Auschwitz Modern Photos n n Wilhelm Stoetzler n Walter Ernstberger Auschwitz Today n Otto Stoppel n Georg Guessregen Gallery 2 n Rudolf-Heinrich Suttrop n Waldemar Henneberg n Kremer Diary n Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Download-Möglichkeit Der Publikation
    Volker Ochs Täter, Gehilfen, Biedermänner NS-Belastete in und um Lampertheim Blattlausverlag Saarbrücken ©Blattlausverlag Saarbrücken 2017, 1. Auflage Herausgeber: DGB Region Südhessen, 64283 Darmstadt Autor: Volker Ochs Cover: kus-design, Mannheim Druck: Blattlaus, Saarbrücken ISBN: 978-3-945996-12-3 2 3 Inhaltsverzeichnis Geleitwort Jürgen Planert 5 Vorwort 6 I. Einleitung 8 II. NS-Täter und Karrieren 12 II.1 Die „Machtübernahme“ als Beginn von Karrieren 12 II.2 Das Netzwerk von Macht und Gewalt 12 III. Biographien 16 III.1 Helmut von Foullon - ein subalterner Gehilfe im NS-Polizeiapparat 16 III.2 Hans Gaier - NS-Überzeugungstäter und Sadist 23 III.3 Wilhelm Rau - ein unschuldiger Justizbeamter ? 33 IV. 1945: Politischer Wandel – mentale Kontinuität ? 46 IV.1 Ende und Neuanfang 46 IV.2 Die 1950er Jahre 48 IV.3 Der „Fall Einstein“ 55 V. Resümee 61 VI. Danksagung 63 VII. Anhang 64 VII.1 Nachkriegsprozesse und Urteile 64 VII.2 Abkürzungen 68 VII.3 Quellen- und Literaturverzeichnis 69 4 Geleitwort „Der Erinnerung Namen geben“, so lautete der Titel der vor zwei Jahren erschienenen Recherche über Verfolgung und Widerstand in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus in Lampertheim. Im Mittelpunkt standen die Opfer des NS Regimes: die Ausgegrenzten, die Bedrohten, Entwürdigten, Misshandelten und Ermordeten, die es auch in Lampertheim gab. Ihnen sollten Namen gegeben, an sie sollte erinnert werden. Dies ist den Autoren gelungen. Das Buch traf auf ein großes lokales und regionales Interesse. Jede regionalgeschichtliche Arbeit über diese Zeit muss allerdings unvollständig bleiben, wenn sie sich „nur“ den Opfern zuwendet und nicht auch die Täter, die Erfüllungsgehilfen, die Profiteure, die Unterstützer und Stützen des NS-Staates zum Thema macht.
    [Show full text]