The University of Chicago Theology and The

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The University of Chicago Theology and The THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO THEOLOGY AND THE COMMUNITY: THE ARMENIAN MINORITY, TRADITION, AND SECULARISM IN TURKEY A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DIVISION OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY BY CHRISTOPHER NICHOLAS SHEKLIAN CHICAGO, ILLINOIS AUGUST 2017 Table of Contents List of Figures……………………………………………………………………………...……..iii Acknowledgements and Dedication……………………………………………………………...iv Note on Transliteration…………………………………………………………………………..vii Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………….viii Introduction: Ecclesiology and Community…..…………………………………………………..1 Chapter One: Armenians in Turkey: Millet, Cemaat, Toplum…………………………...............30 Part I: Armenians, Ecclesially and Legally………………………………………………32 Part II: Millet from Theological/Ecclesial to Religious/Ethno-National………………...41 Part III: Modern Secular Representation………………………………………………...76 Chapter Two: The Vakıfs and the Material Basis of the Minority Community in Istanbul...........88 Chapter Three: The Armenian Press and Forms of Presence-Making........................................147 Chapter Four: Choirs and the Community ..................................................................................185 Chapter Five: Affective Urban Engagment and Minority Belonging..........................................233 Conclusion: Christology, Hermeneutics, and Minority Engagement with the City....................270 Appendix 1: Selections from The Book of Questions by Vanakan Vardapet..............................278 Appendix 2: Relevant Articles from the Treaty of Lausanne......................................................280 Appendix 3: Text of the Hymn “O, Holy Gathering” by St. Nersess Shnorhali.........................283 Bibliography................................................................................................................................291 ii List of Figures and Pictures Figure 1: Şişli Armenian Cemetery……………………………………………………………...31 Figure 2: Organizational Structure of the Ministry of Foundations……………………………..96 Figure 3: Newspaper Article Concerning the Feast of Ascension at Holy Saviors’ Hospital….132 Figure 4: Example of Istanbul Typeface from Berberian’s History of Armenia……………….161 Figure 5: Front Page of Daily Newspaper Marmara…………………………………………...163 Figure 6: Differing Headlines Describing the Same Event in the Newspaper Agos…………...168 Figure 7: Section of Newspaper Jamanak Dedicated to the “Feminine”………………………170 Figure 8: Article from Newspaper Jamanak About a Church Visit by a Bishop………………178 Figure 9: Portion of Newspaper Jamanak Announcing Upcoming Events………………...…..181 Figure 10: Program for the Samatya Choir Show……………………………………………....212 Figure 11: Program for Concert in Honor of Shnork Patriarch………………………………...214 Figure 12: Midday Hymn in Multiple Notations…………………………………………….…226 iii Acknowledgements and Dedication I only half-jokingly say that all my research questions derive from a single question I asked myself as a child growing up: “Why do we drive for a half hour past so many churches to go to that church?” As a young man going to church in Yettem, CA—the only Armenian language place-name in the United States—I served on the altar, eventually being ordained a deacon of the Armenian Apostolic Church. Much of this dissertation grew out of this upbringing at the St. Mary Armenian Apostolic Church, the Western Diocese Church Camp, and the St. Nersess Armenian Seminary. I owe those places and everyone associated with them many thanks. The dissertation itself has been made possible by a whole host of wonderful individuals. First and foremost among them is my dissertation committee itself: Hussein Ali Agrama, Julie Y. Chu, John D. Kelly, and Susan Gal. Each of them has pushed me, encouraged me, taught me, and inspired me in so many ways. To my dissertation chair, Hussein, I could not be more pleased that I read your dissertation with Saba Mahmood all those years ago and that when I was applying to PhD programs Charles Hirschkind gave me a little nudge towards you. My thinking and mode of academic engagement owes so much to you. Thank you. At the University of Chicago, I have taken classes across departments, and could not possibly name all the people—professors or otherwise—from whom I have learned. My cohort of 2008 has always seemed a little special, and everyone in it has held me up at various times. To my writing group, made up entirely of brilliant minds from my cohort, Shefali, Xiao-bo, Genevieve, Yaqub, and Natalja: you have shaped this document more than anyone else and much iv of what is sophisticated or interesting in it I owe to you. I fully expect to be asking you for help and edits for many years to come. I have been the beneficiary of several fellowships and grants that have made the ethnographic research in Turkey and the writing of the dissertation possible. These include grants from the Armenian General Benevolent Union, the Leiffer Pre-Field Research Grant from the Department of Anthropology at the University of Chicago, the American Research Institute in Turkey, the Social Science Research Council, the Social Sciences Division of the University of Chicago, and the Pozen Center for Human Rights at the University of Chicago. A Mark Hanna Watkins Dissertation Fellowship from the Department of Anthropology at the University of Chicago has given me the freedom to complete the dissertation this past year. Istanbul, I truly believe, is the most interesting and vibrant place to be an Armenian. While there, my roommates and friends, Volkan and Emrah, were the best companions I could ask for. Tay Sokak, before, during, and after the “Gezi days,” has been one of the most formative places I have ever lived. I will not try to name by name all of my friends, fellow activists, and fellow altar servers among the Armenians of Istanbul. Many of them will recognize themselves in the pages of the dissertation. I hope that they find their portrayal just. One of the joys of the past decade has been the opportunity to fulfill a promise I made as a seventeen-year-old, when I spent the 2011-2012 academic year at the St. Nersess Armenian Seminary. Father Daniel Findikyan, to whom I made the promise, has been a guiding mentor throughout my life. Between his guidance and the incredibly generous academic work and friendship of Dr. Roberta Ervine, I learned so much that year. The pages of this dissertation are suffused with what you have taught me. Though he has been a friend for much longer than our v time together at the Seminary, Ryan Tellalian was an integral part of that year—and many others. Calls to him from Istanbul and discussions of more recent insights have been invaluable. In many ways, this project is a love letter to my family: my parents, Myron and Debbie Sheklian, my sister Melissa, my grandparents—alive to share my joy or not—and all my extended family. My parents encouraged my curiosity, even if they have perhaps been wary of where the sense of adventure which emerged from it has taken me. I love you both immensely. Lizzy, you have seen this project go from my first forays around the city of Istanbul to completed document. You have kept me sane, happy, and focused. I am so glad that we share the love of Istanbul, and that you trounced all over Anatolia looking for old Armenian things with me. I love you and am so lucky to be with you. I can’t wait for the next phase together. Finally, this dissertation is dedicated to my aunt Marguerite Sheklian. Though she always knew exactly how to needle me, I think my conversations with her over the years turned me into the critical thinker I am today. Her love and faith are constitutive of who I am. She supported me in innumerable ways: from the use of her home, the infamous “Mary house,” to the conversations about life and my work. She makes a cameo in the final chapter during the discussion of the hymns of the church. A polio survivor, she taught everyone around her what strength of will and dedication could accomplish. She died unexpectedly in 2015 and is not here to share in my accomplishment. I know she would be proud. Thank you, Horkoor. vi Note on Transliteration Throughout the dissertation, I transliterate Armenian words according to the Library of Congress transliteration system. Since the Western Armenian dialect is spoken in Istanbul, I employ the transliteration for the Western Armenian pronunciation, except when transliterating from Classical Armenian sources. In that case, I transliterate according to the Eastern/Classical pronunciation as described by the Library of Congress. Some words associated with the Liturgy, and hence with Classical Armenian, are nonetheless transliterated according to the Western Armenian pronunciation because they are in common use in Istanbul and reflect the ethnographic rather than textual encounter with them. In some cases, the text deviates from the Library of Congress system. This occurs when I am following a published source, in which case I use the transliteration already published. In the case of Armenian proper names that appear in Turkish language sources, I use the Turkish extended Latin alphabet. This extended Latin alphabet, in use in the Republic of Turkey since 1928, adds ç, ş, ğ, ı, ö, ü, and omits q, x, and w. vii Abstract Studying Armenians in the Republic of Turkey ethnographically offers a singular lens into the seemingly intractable secular problem of religious minority political participation and the viability of minority religious traditions.
Recommended publications
  • The Holy See
    The Holy See ADDRESS OF THE HOLY FATHER TO HIS BEATITUDE NERSES BEDROS XIX PATRIARCH OF CILICIA OF THE ARMENIAN CATHOLIC CHURCH Monday 13 December 1999 Your Beatitude, Dear Bishops of the Armenian Catholic Church, Brothers and Sisters! 1. With heartfelt affection I welcome you to this nurturing city, sanctified by the blood of the Apostles Peter and Paul, the See of that Bishop who is himself built upon the rock which is the Church's foundation and whose mandate is to confirm his brethren in the faith. A special welcome in the holy kiss of brotherhood to you, venerable Brother Nerses Bedros XIX. A few days after your election as Patriarch of Cilicia for Armenian Catholics, after receiving ecclesiastical communion from me, you have come here as a joyful sign and expression of your communion and that of your Church with the Successor of Peter. This event celebrates the goodness of the Lord who has so loved us that he has granted us to share fully in the same faith. We have shown this gratitude in the highest and most solemn way given to Christians: by concelebrating the same Eucharist and exchanging the holy gifts of the Body and Blood of the Lord, our common hope. I am particularly grateful for your affectionate words to me. As you did in your first Pastoral Letter, in your address today you also cited the holy Armenian doctor Nerses the Gracious, whose name you have taken as you accept your new responsibility as father and head of the Armenian Catholic Church, together with the name of Peter which, in accordance with a beautiful and significant tradition of love for this Apostolic See, is taken by all Armenian Catholic Patriarchs.
    [Show full text]
  • 'You Do Not Know What Tomorrow
    OCTOBER 31, 2020 MMirror-SpeirTHEror-SpeARMENIAN ctator Volume LXXXXI, NO. 16, Issue 4658 $ 2.00 NEWS The First English Language Armenian Weekly in the United States Since 1932 IN BRIEF Third Ceasefire Armenia Has 2 Azeri Broken by POWs; Azerbaijan 17 YEREVAN (PanARMENIAN.Net) — The Armenian side has two Azerbaijani prisoners of war who have Azerbaijan as been interrogated, according to Rafayel Vardanyan, Head of the Department of Criminalistics at Armenia’s Investigative Committee. Death Toll “They are kept in conditions that comply with international humanitarian law, receive appropriate Mounts medical care and food,” Vardanyan told reporters on Tuesday, October 27. STEPANAKERT (Combined Sources) — Vardanyan said 17 servicemen from the Fighting in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict Armenian side are currently kept in Azerbaijan. zone reportedly spread on Tuesday, October It was reported earlier that an Armenian civilian 27, to an area adjacent to Armenia’s border named Azniv Baghdasaryan was captured by the with Iran. Azerbaijani military on October 7. The Armenian Defense Ministry accused the Azerbaijani army of shelling its border Georgia Bars posts and wounding several Armenian ser- vicemen in the morning. The Azerbaijani Ambulances Headed to side used artillery and combat drones, it said, adding that one of those unmanned Armenia aerial vehicles was shot down over TBILISI (News.am) — Georgia on October 26 Armenian territory. blocked a batch of ambulances from entering A ministry spokeswoman, Shushan Armenia through the Upper Lars border checkpoint Stepanyan, said Armenian army units and between Russia and Georgia, reported the Telegram border guards had to strike back in response. channel of Infoteka 24.
    [Show full text]
  • Cabinet of Armenia, 1920
    Cabinet of Armenia, 1920 MUNUC 32 TABLE OF CONTENTS ______________________________________________________ Letter from the Crisis Director…………………………………………………3 Letter from the Chair………………………………………….………………..4 The History of Armenia…………………………………………………………6 The Geography of Armenia…………………………………………………14 Current Situation………………………………………………………………17 Character Biographies……………………………………………………....27 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………...37 2 Cabinet of Armenia, 1920 | MUNUC 32 LETTER FROM THE CRISIS DIRECTOR ______________________________________________________ Dear Delegates, We’re very happy to welcome you to MUNUC XXXII! My name is Andre Altherr and I’ll be your Crisis Director for the Cabinet of Armenia: 1920 committee. I’m from New York City and am currently a Second Year at the University of Chicago majoring in History and Political Science. Despite once having a social life, I now spend my free-time on much tamer activities like reading 800-page books on Armenian history, reading 900-page books on Central European history, and relaxing with the best of Stephen King and 20th century sci-fi anthologies. When not reading, I enjoy hiking, watching Frasier, and trying to catch up on much needed sleep. I’ve helped run and participated in numerous Model UN conferences in both college and high school, and I believe that this activity has the potential to hone public speaking, develop your creativity and critical thinking, and ignite interest in new fields. Devin and I care very deeply about making this committee an inclusive space in which all of you feel safe, comfortable, and motivated to challenge yourself to grow as a delegate, statesperson, and human. We trust that you will conduct yourselves with maturity and tact when discussing sensitive subjects.
    [Show full text]
  • NEWS INBRIEF US House Panel Tells
    JULY 30, 2011 MirTHE rARoMENr IAN -Spe ctator Volume LXXXII, NO. 3, Issue 4197 $ 2.00 NEWS IN BRIEF The First English Language Armenian Weekly in the United States Wikileaks Releases Turkish Cable on Armenian Genocide BEIRUT (Tert.am) — Wikileaks has released a cable from the US Consulate in Istanbul dated July 12, 2004, containing Turkish and foreign historians comments on the Turkish govern - ment’s policy of denying the Armenian Genocide, the Lebanon-based Al Joumhouria newspaper Armenia Wins World Chess Team Championship in China reports. According to the cable, the admission of the Armenian Genocide by Turkey is a major obsta - By Hovannes Shoghikian cle to Armenian-Turkish reconciliation. Armenian and other researchers have reason - able doubts over the preservation of archives. NINGBO, China (RFE/RL) — Armenia Prof. Halil Berktay reported at least two won the 2011 World Chess Team attempts to clear the archives of the documents Championship in China on Tuesday, July on crimes against Armenians. 26, solidifying its internationally-recog - In 1991, several high-ranking Turkish military nized status as a chess powerhouse. officials reported an attempted stealing of a The championship, held in the Chinese number of documents from 1918. city of Ningbo, was contested by the Berktay believes that the second attempt was national teams of the world’s 10 leading made when Turgut Ozal, then president of chess nations, including Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, announced his intention to open the India and Azerbaijan. archives. The Armenian team led by Levon Some historians believe that the archive is Aronian, the world’s third-highest-ranked being constantly cleared of documents on the chess player, dominated throughout the Armenian Issue, the cable says.
    [Show full text]
  • THE ARMENIAN Mirrorc SPECTATOR Since 1932
    THE ARMENIAN MIRRORc SPECTATOR Since 1932 Volume LXXXXI, NO. 43, Issue 4685 MAY 15, 2021 $2.00 Former President Kocharyan Looks And Acts Like New Candidate By Raffi Elliott Special to the Mirror-Spectator YEREVAN – Armenia’s second president, Robert Ko- charyan, took a further step towards formalizing his par- ticipation in upcoming snap parliamentary elections on Sunday, May 9. At a press briefing for his newly-established electoral alliance, dubbed the Armenia Bloc, the former president told reporters that he decided to return to politics to rectify what he believes are great threats to the country’s long- Russian peacekeepers arriving in Shushi last year (Sputnik photo) term security and stability allegedly caused by the cur- rent authorities. Kocharyan accuses Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan’s government of failing to provide security in Russia Vows No Letup in Karabakh Peace Efforts border regions, signing the November 9 cease-fire on un- YEREVAN (RFE/RL) — Russia will keep doing its best forts to get Armenia and Azerbaijan to open their transport favourable terms, and mismanaging the economy. to ensure the full implementation of the Russian-brokered links after decades of conflict. He said a trilateral working agreement that stopped the Armenian-Azerbaijani war in group formed by the Russian, Armenian and Azerbaijani Nagorno-Karabakh, Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said governments for that purpose is helping to further stabilize during a visit to Yerevan on Thursday, May 6. the situation in the Karabakh conflict zone. “We are not reducing our efforts at returning all detainees to their homes, demining, preserving cultural and religious heritage as well as launching the work of relevant interna- “We are not reducing our efforts tional organizations in Nagorno-Karabakh,” Lavrov said at returning all detainees to their homes, demining, preserving cultural and religious heritage..
    [Show full text]
  • Erdogan's Islamist Foreign Policy at the Crossroads Kushal Agrawal
    MP-IDSA Issue Brief Erdogan's Islamist Foreign Policy at the Crossroads Kushal Agrawal March 17, 2021 Summary Even as he continues to work towards reviving the Ottoman glory and 'Ittihad-I Islam' ('Unity of Islam'), there are significant limitations and vulnerabilities in Erdogan pursuing his Islamist approach to statecraft abroad. The Turkish President will have to choose between a pragmatic and an Islamist foreign policy. If the Turkish economy returns to high growth rates, Erdogan's domestic position will be strengthened and he might still return to his pet Islamist adventures overseas. ERDOGAN’S ISLAMIST FOREIGN POLICY AT THE CROSSROADS In his quest to become the leader of the Muslim world, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has in the recent past vehemently opposed the European Union (EU) governments as well as West Asian and North African countries for their policy positions on Islamic issues. Erdogan, for instance, went on an offensive against French President Emmanuel Macron for the latter’s perceived Islamophobic stance in the aftermath of beheading of Samuel Paty on October 16, 2020 in Paris. On October 24, 2020, Erdogan spoke against German authorities for raiding the Mevlana mosque in Berlin, closely associated with the Turkish Milli Gorus movement. Turkey’s relations with key Muslim countries like Saudi Arabia and Egypt have also been fraught, given Erdogan’s support for the Muslim Brotherhood. Since December 2020, however, Erdogan has been trying to reach out to the European Union and the West, in a possible effort to transform his pan-Islamist foreign policy outlook to a pro-Western Kemalist worldview.
    [Show full text]
  • THE IMPACT of the ARMENIAN GENOCIDE on the FORMATION of NATIONAL STATEHOOD and POLITICAL IDENTITY “Today Most Armenians Do
    ASHOT ALEKSANYAN THE IMPACT OF THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE ON THE FORMATION OF NATIONAL STATEHOOD AND POLITICAL IDENTITY Key words – Armenian Genocide, pre-genocide, post-genocide, national statehood, Armenian statehood heritage, political identity, civiliarchic elite, civilization, civic culture, Armenian diaspora, Armenian civiliarchy “Today most Armenians do not live in the Republic of Armenia. Indeed, most Armenians have deep ties to the countries where they live. Like a lot of us, many Armenians find themselves balancing their role in their new country with their historical and cultural roots. How far should they assimilate into their new countries? Does Armenian history and culture have something to offer Armenians as they live their lives now? When do historical and cultural memories create self-imposed limits on individuals?”1 Introduction The relevance of this article is determined, on the one hand, the multidimen- sionality of issues related to understanding the role of statehood and the political and legal system in the development of Armenian civilization, civic culture and identity, on the other hand - the negative impact of the long absence of national system of public administration and the devastating impact of the Armenian Genocide of 1915 on the further development of the Armenian statehood and civiliarchy. Armenian Genocide in Ottoman Turkey was the first ever large-scale crime against humanity and human values. Taking advantage of the beginning of World War I, the Turkish authorities have organized mass murder and deportations of Armenians from their historic homeland. Genocide divided the civiliarchy of the Armenian people in three parts: before the genocide (pre-genocide), during the genocide and after the genocide (post-genocide).
    [Show full text]
  • Turkey: Background and U.S. Relations
    Turkey: Background and U.S. Relations Updated November 9, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R41368 SUMMARY R41368 Turkey: Background and U.S. Relations November 9, 2020 U.S.-Turkey tensions have raised questions about the future of bilateral relations and have led to congressional action against Turkey, including informal holds on major new Jim Zanotti arms sales (such as upgrades to F-16 aircraft) and efforts to impose sanctions. Specialist in Middle Nevertheless, both countries’ officials emphasize the importance of continued U.S.- Eastern Affairs Turkey cooperation and Turkey’s membership in NATO. Observers voice concerns about the largely authoritarian rule of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. Clayton Thomas Turkey’s polarized electorate could affect Erdogan’s future leadership. His biggest Analyst in Middle Eastern challenge may be structural weaknesses in Turkey’s economy—including a sharp Affairs decline in Turkey’s currency—that have worsened since the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic began. The following are key factors in the U.S.-Turkey relationship. Turkey’s strategic orientation and U.S./NATO basing. Traditionally, Turkey has relied closely on the United States and NATO for defense cooperation, European countries for trade and investment, and Russia and Iran for energy imports. A number of complicated situations in Turkey’s surrounding region—including those involving Syria, Libya, Nagorno-Karabakh (a region disputed by Armenia and Azerbaijan), and Eastern Mediterranean energy exploration—affect its relationships with the United States and other key actors, as Turkey seeks a more independent role. President Erdogan’s concerns about maintaining his parliamentary coalition with Turkish nationalists may partly explain his actions in some of the situations mentioned above.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Rubina Peroomian, UCLA, [email protected]
    Rubina Peroomian, UCLA, [email protected] "Truth is Not Only Violated by Falsehood; it May be Equally Outraged by Silence" or The Suppression of the Memory of the Armenian Genocide in Turkey Beginning from the inception of the Turkish Republic, the CUP (Committee of Union and Progress, also known as the Young Turk party) policy of Turkification resumed full force and was implemented upon ethnic and religious minorities, among them the Armenian remnants of the 1915 Genocide. The Armenian cultural revival in Constantinople, between 1918 and 1923, was cut short by the encroachment of the Kemalist army and Mustafa Kemal’s eventual control over the entire country. The CUP ideology of “Turkey for the Turks only” was revived but camouflaged by a less threatening and inherently more inciting notion of “One Nation, One Language, One Religion!” The goal was achieved not only by impositions on the Republic’s infrastructural domains, especially the educational system and media, but also by the implementation of special laws and regulations, such as the abolition of non-Turkish surnames in 1934,1 denying Armenians, among others, who could claim Armenianness by a name that related to their ancestors. This was followed by the 1942 wealth tax (varlik vergisi), extreme and disproportionate taxation levied on non-Muslims, stripping them of their belongings, driving them out of business. The 1955 pogroms, 6-7 September, against Greeks spreading over Armenians as well, was another show of intolerance against non-Muslim ethnic minorities. The policy of Turkification was accelerated by the 1960s campaign highlighting the 1928 slogan “Fellow citizen, speak Turkish! (Vatandaş, Türkçe Konuş!) prohibiting the use of any language but Turkish.2 1 Even before the promulgation of The Law on Surnames, No.
    [Show full text]
  • Who Are Christians in the Middle East?
    Who Are Christians in the Middle East? Seven Churches, each bearing a great and ancient history with Patriarch, who chose as his patriarchal seat the monastery at unique liturgical traditions and culture, comprise the Catho- Bzommar, Lebanon. After a brief relocation to Constantinople, lic Church in the Middle East. Each of these Churches is in the Patriarch of Cilicia of Armenian Catholics returned his seat full communion with Rome, but six with an Eastern tradition to Bzommar, with his residence and offices in Beirut, Lebanon. are sui iuris, or self-governing, and have their own Patriarchs. The Chaldean Catholic Church has almost 500,000 mem- All these Churches are Arabic-speaking and immersed in Ar- bers, with about 60 percent residing in the Middle East. The abic culture. Chaldeans are historically concentrated in Iraq as they came The Maronite Catholic Church is the largest of the East- from the Assyrian Church of the East. In 1552, a group of As- ern Catholic Churches in the Middle East at around 3 million syrian bishops decided to seek union with Rome. Although members. It has a strong presence in Lebanon, with smaller Pope Julius III proclaimed Patriarch Simon VIII Patriarch “of communities in Syria, Jordan, Cyprus, and the Holy Land. the Chaldeans,” pro- and anti-Catholic parties struggled with- However, slightly over half its members have emigrated from in the Assyrian Church of the East until 1830, when another the Middle East to countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Aus- Chaldean Patriarch was appointed. The Patriarch of Babylon of tralia, Mexico, Canada, and the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Buradan Yönetildiği Ile Ilgili Bir Kanı Vardır
    ERMENİ ARAŞTIRMALARI Dört Aylık Tarih, Politika ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi sayı Olaylar ve Yorumlar 45 Ömer E. LÜTEM 2013 Ermenistan-Azerbaycan Çatışmasının Yakın Geleceği: Barış mı? Savaş mı? Yoksa Ateşkes mi? Emin ŞIHALIYEV İngiltere’nin Kafkasya Politikası ve Ermeni Sorunu (1917-1918) Tolga BAŞAK Levon Ter Petrosyan’ın “XII. ve XIII. Yüzyılda Kilikya Ermenileri Kültüründe Asurilerin Rolü” Adlı Eserinde Süryani-Ermeni İlişkileri Yıldız Deveci BOZKUŞ Ermeni Siyasal Düşüncesinde Terörizm Hatem CABBARLI Türkiye’nin Dış Politikasına Etkisi Bakımından 2015’e Doğru Ermeni Lobisi Ömer Faruk AN KİTAP ÖZETİ GÜNCEL BELGELER ERMENİ ARAŞTIRMALARI Dört Aylık, Tarih, Politika ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi 2013, Sayı 45 YAYIN SAHİBİ Ali Kenan ERBULAN SORUMLU YAZI İŞLERİ MÜDÜRÜ Aslan Yavuz ŞİR YAZI KURULU Alfabetik Sıra İle Prof. Dr. Kemal ÇİÇEK Prof. Dr. Bayram KODAMAN (Türk Tarih Kurumu, (Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi) Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi) Prof. Dr. Enver KONUKÇU Dr. Şükrü ELEKDAĞ Doç. Dr. Erol KÜRKÇÜOĞLU (Milletvekili, E. Büyükelçi) (Türk-Ermeni İlişkileri Araştırma Prof. Dr. Temuçin Faik ERTAN Merkezi Müdürü, Atatürk Üniversitesi) (Ankara Üniversitesi) Prof. Dr. Nurşen MAZICI Prof. Dr. Yusuf HALAÇOĞLU (Marmara Üniversitesi) (Gazi Üniversitesi) Prof. Dr. Hikmet ÖZDEMİR Dr. Erdal İLTER (Siyaset Bilimci) (Tarihçi, Yazar) Prof. Dr. Mehmet SARAY Dr. Yaşar KALAFAT (Tarihçi) (Tarihçi, Yazar) Dr. Bilal ŞİMŞİR Doç. Dr. Davut KILIÇ (E. Büyükelçi, Tarihçi) (Fırat Üniversitesi) Pulat TACAR (E. Büyükelçi) DANIŞMA KURULU Alfabetik Sıra İle Prof. Dr. Dursun Ali AKBULUT Prof. Dr. Nuri KÖSTÜKLÜ (Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi) (Selçuk Üniversitesi) Yrd. Doç. Dr. Kalerya BELOVA Andrew MANGO (Uluslararası İlişkiler Enstitüsü) (Gazeteci, Yazar) Prof. Dr. Salim CÖHCE Prof. Dr. Justin MCCARTHY (İnönü Üniversitesi) (Louisville Üniversitesi) Edward ERICKSON Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • THE ARMENIAN Mirrorc SPECTATOR Since 1932
    THE ARMENIAN MIRRORc SPECTATOR Since 1932 Volume LXXXXI, NO. 42, Issue 4684 MAY 8, 2021 $2.00 Rep. Kazarian Is Artsakh Toun Proposes Housing Solution Passionate about For 2020 Artsakh War Refugees Public Service By Harry Kezelian By Aram Arkun Mirror-Spectator Staff Mirror-Spectator Staff EAST PROVIDENCE, R.I. — BRUSSELS — One of the major results Katherine Kazarian was elected of the Artsakh War of 2020, along with the Majority Whip of the Rhode Island loss of territory in Artsakh, is the dislocation State House in January, but she’s no of tens of thousands of Armenians who have stranger to politics. The 30-year-old lost their homes. Their ability to remain in Rhode Island native was first elected Artsakh is in question and the time remain- to the legislative body 8 years ago ing to solve this problem is limited. Artsakh straight out of college at age 22. Toun is a project which offers a solution. Kazarian is a fighter for her home- The approach was developed by four peo- town of East Providence and her Ar- ple, architects and menian community in Rhode Island urban planners and around the world. And despite Movses Der Kev- the partisan rancor of the last several orkian and Sevag years, she still loves politics. Asryan, project “It’s awesome, it’s a lot of work, manager and co- but I do love the job. And we have ordinator Grego- a great new leadership team at the ry Guerguerian, in urban planning, architecture, renovation Khanumyan estimated that there are State House.” and businessman and construction site management in Arme- around 40,000 displaced people willing to Kazarian was unanimously elect- and philanthropist nia, Belgium and Lebanon.
    [Show full text]