Knowledge Organiser The Ancient Egyptians Where is Egypt?

Egypt is located in the north-eastern corner of Africa.

Who were the Ancient Egyptians? What did the Ancient Egyptians believe in? Glossary 1 Egyptian The people of Egypt. The Ancient The Ancient Egyptians believed in over 2000 gods Egyptians were one and goddesses. They built many temples and statues 2 Ancient Something in the very distant past and no longer in existence. of the most advanced for them. civilizations. Lasting 3 Civilization A society, culture and particular way of life in a certain area. Each god or goddess would have an area of expertise from 3100BC–30BC which would help the Egyptian people through their Fertile Soil or land that is good for growing. before they were 4 lives. They would often be linked to a state or town. conquered by Horus, god of vengeance, would often be shown as 5 Irrigation The supply of water to land or crops to help growth. Usually this means making channels. the Romans. a falcon. Papyrus A material prepared in ancient Egypt from the stem of a water plant to make paper and rope. They invented their 6

own way of writing 7 Trade Buy and sell goods or services. called hieroglyphics. They also created the 8 Pharaoh A ruler in ancient Egypt. earliest paper-like material using the 9 Reign Ruling as a king or queen. papyrus plant. God/Goddess A superhuman being or spirit who is worshipped. Gods like Osirus, god of the underworld, was 10 important and one of the most worshipped. 11 Afterlife A belief in some religions that there is life after death. Why was the River Nile important? 12 Mummification Preparing a body so it does not decay. The Egyptians followed a Who ruled Egypt? 13 Embalmer A person whose job it is to presevrve the body using chemicals. calendar that was influenced An ornament or small piece of jewellery thought to give protection against evil, danger, by the River Nile. Ancient Egyptian society was 14 Amulet ruled by the pharaoh. The or disease. The calendar followed three pharaoh created the laws and seasons: Akhet, the season of made sure Egypt was at peace. 15 Sarcophagus A stone coffin usually decorated with images or writing. flood, Peret, the season of growth and Shemu, the season The formal writing system used by the Ancient Egyptians. Each character or symbol would Although they were at the 16 Hieroglyphics of harvest. During Akhet, when bottom of the hierarchy, stand for a word or part of a word. the flood disappeared, it would Farmers and slaves were leave behind a rich, black soil. important members of society 17 Tomb A monument to the memory of a dead person. The soil was fertile, and the as they ploughed the land and A monumental structure with a square or triangular base and sloping sides that meet Egyptians would plant all gathered crops. They were also Pyramid 18 in a point at the top, especially one built of stone as a royal tomb in ancient Egypt. their seeds in this area. important in building homes for the Egyptians. Without the River Nile, the Egyptians would not have 19 Archeologist A person who studies human history and prehistory by examining sites and artefacts. been able to survive as Egypt would all be desert. 20 Egyptology The study of the language, history and culture of ancient Egypt.

Significant People and Places Significant People and Places

Egypt The River Nile Valley of the Kings Pyramids of Giza Tutankhamun Cleopatra Ramesses II Howard Carter Egypt is located in The world’s longest The Valley of the Kings is The Giza pyramids Tutankhamun was one Cleopatra was the last Ramesses II is known as In 1922, Howard Carter northeastern Africa. It once river. It creates fertile located near Luxor on the were built by 3 different of the youngest pharaohs pharaoh of Egypt. Her 10 the Great Pharaoh as he made one the greatest was split into Lower and land across the desert in west bank of the Nile. pharaohs. The Great aged nine years old. He year old brother became built more statues and archeological discoveries Upper Egypt until it was Egypt. Without the Nile It became the burial site Pyramid is the largest of died aged just 19. He is pharaoh and she co-ruled temples than any other of the 20th century. He united by the first pharaoh. and its flood, the Ancient of Kings and Queens during the 3 at 481 feet high. It known primarily for his with him until he grew pharaoh. Some of the discovered the hidden Its landscape is 90 per cent Egyptians would not have the New Kingdom. is estimated that it took tomb which was discovered greedy for more power. She famous temples he built are tomb of Tutankhamun, the desert. Pharaohs ruled been able to survive. This was so that tombs 10,000 workers 30 years untouched in 1922 in the was exiled and returned Karnak and Abu Simbel. ‘boy king’. The tomb was ancient Egypt for more It provided food and other could be well hidden to build a pyramid. Valley of the Kings. with the help of the untouched and held many than 3000 years. vital materials for deep within the rock. Romans. Cleopatra ruled treasures that are still in the Egyptians. Egypt from 51 BC – 30 BC. museums today. 4 5