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396 1541 Baycox Manual, Coccidiosis in Poultry; Bayer [571 Labordiagnostik für die tierärztliche Praxis/Ho AG, Geschäftsfeld Tiergesundheit, Leverkusen, Plonait (1980); Blackwell Wissenschaft Germany Kurfürstendamm 57, Berlin, Germany 1551 Cogicitial lesion scoring standards for chick• [58] International Trypanotolerance Center (ITC), ens; Dow Chemical Europe, Horgen, Switzer• Banjul, The Gambia land 1561 Diseases of Poultry/B.W. Calnek, H.]. Barnes, Every reasonable effort has been made to contact C.W. Beard, W.M. Reid and H.W. Yoder, Jr. copyright holders and to secure permission. In (1991); The Iowa State University Press Ames, instances where this has not proved possible we offer IA., USA apologies to all concerned.

397 Further Reading

laboratory diagnosis of parasites koproskopische Untersuchung; janssen Re• search Foundation, Beerse Barth, D. (1991) Magen-Darmnematoden des Rin• des; Ferdinand Enke Verlag, Stuttgart Immunology Irvin, A.D., Cunningham, M.P. and A.S. Young Grange,j.M., Fox, A. and N.L Morgan (eds ) (1987) (1981) Advances in the Control of Theileriosis. Immunological techniques in microbiology; Current Topics in Veterinary Medicine and Ani• Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, Lon• mal Sciences Vol. 14; Martinus NijhoHPublish• don, Edinburgh, Boston, Palo Alto, Melbourne ers, The Hague, Boston, London Roitt, 1., Brostoff, J. and D. Male (1993) Immunol• Manual of recommended di agnostic techniques and ogy. Third edition; Mosby, London requirements for biological products for list A and B diseases(1989) Volume I; Office Interna• Walls, K.W. and P.M. Schantz (eds) (1986) Immunod• tional des Epizooties, Paris iagnosis of parasitic diseases. Vol. 1 H elminthic diseases; Academic Press, Ine. Ltd., London Manual of recommended di agnostic techniques and requirements for biological products for list A Molecular biology and B diseases (1990) Volume II; Office Interna• tional des Epizooties, Paris Blancou, .J. (coordinator) (1990) Biotechnology and veterinary science. Scientific and Technical Manual of Veterinary Parasitological Laboratory Review; Office International des Epizooties Paris Techniques. Reference Book 41l:l. (1987) Minis• try of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food; Her Parasitic diseases of domestic animals Majesty's Stationery Office, London Murray, M., Trail,j.C.M., Turner, D.A. and Y. Wis• General socq (1983) l.ivestock Productivity and Trypan• Barret, M.A. and P.j. Larkin (1974) Milk and beef orolerance; Network Training Manual; 11.CA, prodllction in the tropics; Oxford University Addis Ababa Press, London Nansen, P., j0rgensen, R.j. and E.j.L Soulsby Camlls, E. and N. Barre (1988) Hcartwater. A review; (1981) Epidemiology and Control of Nematodi• Office International des Epizooties, Paris asis in Cattle. Current Topics in Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sci ences. Vol. 9; Martinus Closas, A.S.G., Meulemans, G. and j.1.. Lancaster Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague, Boston, London (1988) Update on avian diseases. Technical series No. 8; Office International des Epizooties, Paris Thienpont, D., Rochette, F. and O.F.j. Vanparijs (1979) Diagnose von Helminthosen durch

398 Diseases of camels. Scientific and Technical Review protozoa of domesticated animals. Seventh Edi• (1987) Vol. 6, No. 2; Office International des tion; BailIiere Tindall, London Epizooties, Paris Troncy, P.M., Itard, I. and P.C Morel (1989) Man• Eckert, J., Kutzer, E., Rommel, M., Bürger, H.-]., ual of Tropical Veterinary Parasitology; CAB und W. Körting (1992) Veterinärmedizinische International, Wallingford Parasitologie. Vierte Auflage; Verlag Paul Parey, Uilenberg, G. (1992-1995) Cowdria Newsletter; Berlin und Hamburg CIRAD-EMVT, Paris, France Fraser, CM. (ed) (1991) The Merck Veterinary Urquhart, G.M., Armour, J., Duncan, ].L., Dunn, Manual. Seventh Edition; Merck & Co. Inc., A.M. and F.W. Jennings (1985) Veterinary Par• Rahway, N.]. asitology; Longman Scientific & Technical, Georgi, ].R. (1985) Parasitology for Veterinarians. Essex Fourth edition. W.B. Saunders Company, Phil• World Animal Health, Year books, List A disease adelphia, Pennsylvania outbreaks statistics (1988-1994); Office Interna• Golvan, Y.]. (1990) Atlas de parasitologie; Le tional des Epizooties, Paris Leopard d'Or, Paris World Animal Health, Year books, Animal health Hall, H.T.B. (1977) Diseases and Parasites of Livestock status and disease control methods (1988-1994); in the Tropics; Longman Group Ltd., London Office International des Epizooties, Paris ]acobs, D.E. (1986) A colour atlas of equine para• sites; BailIiere Tindall, London Protozoa Mehlhorn, H. (1988) Parasitology in Focus. Facts Adam, K.M.G., Paul,]. and V. Zaman (1979) Medical and Trends; Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg and Veterinary Protozoology. An illustrated guide; Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh & London Mehlhorn, H., Düwel, D. and W. Raether (1993) Diagnose und Therapie der Parasitosen von Gardiner, CH., Fayer, R. and].P. Dubey (1988) An Haus-, Nutz- und Heimtieren. Second edition; atlas of protozoan parasites in animal tissue. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart Agricultural Research Service. Agriculture Handbook Number 651; United States Depart• Miller, H.R.P. (coordinator) (1990) Immunity to ment of Agriculture, Beltsville and diagnosis of internal parasitism. Scientific and Technical Review; Office International des Koch, H.T. Aspects of the epidemiology of ]anuary Epizooties, Paris Disease (Theileria parva hovis infection) in Zim• babwe. Proefschrift; University of Utrecht, Pictorial keys to arthropods, reptiles, birds and Utrecht mammals of public health significance (1967) U.S. Department of Health, Education and Wel• Levine, N.D. (1985) Veterinary Protozoology. First fare; Public Health Service, Atlanta edition; Iowa State University Press, Ames Reinecke, R.K. (1983) Veterinary Helminthology; Long, P.L. (ed) (1990) Coccidiosis of man and Butterworths, Durban, Pretoria domestic animals; CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Ann Arbor, Boston Ristic, M. and I. McIntyre (1981) Diseases of cattle in the tropics. Current Topics in Veterinary Medi• Olubayo, R.O. (1991) Expression of trypanotoler• cine and Animal Sciences. Vol. 6; Martinus Nij• ance by African wild bovidae with special refer• hoff Publishers, The Hague, Boston, London ence to the buffalo (Syncerus caffer); Proef• schrift, University of Utrecht, Utrecht Robertson, Sir A. (1976) Handbook on animal dis• eases in the tropics; British Veterinary Associa• Ristic, M. (ed) (1988) Babesiosis of domestic animals tion, London and man; CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida Schwabe, CW. (1969) Veterinary medicine and Tenter, A.M. (1984) Serodiagnose experimenteller human health. Second edition; The Williams & und natürlicher Piroplasmeninfektionen der Wilkins Company, Baltimore Pferde. Veto med. Diss.; Hannover Seifert, H.S.H. (1992) Tropentierhygiene; Gustav Theileriasis. Scientific and Technical Review (1989) Fischer Verlag, Jena, Stuttgart Vol. 8, No. 1; Office International des Epizoot• ies, Paris Soulsby, E.].L. (1982) Helminths, arthropods and

399 Helminths Round, M.C (1968) Check list of the helminth par• asites of African mammals. Technical communi• Dunn, A.M. (1969) Veterinary helminthology; Wil• cation No. 38 of the Commonwealth Bureau of liam Heinemann Medical Books Ltd., London Helminthology, St. Albans, CAB, Farnharn Euzeby, J. (1961) Les maladies vermineuses des an i• Royal, Bucks maux domestiques et leurs incidences sur la Wahl, G. (1991) Die Onchocerca-Arten der Rinder pathologie humaine. Tome premier. Maladies in Nord-Kamerun und ihre Bedeutung für die du es aux nemathelminthes. Fascicule premier; Epidemiologie der menschlichen Onchocercose. Vigot freres editeurs, Paris Biol. Diss.; Tübingen Euzeby, J. (1963) Les maladies vermineuses des ani• maux domestiques et leurs incidences sur la Arthropods pathologie humaine. Tome premier. Maladies Hoogstraal, H. (1988) Bibliography of ticks and dues aux nemathelminthes. Fascicule deuxieme; tickborne diseases. Vol. 8; United States Medi• Vigot freres editeurs, Paris cal Research Unit Number Three, Cairo Euzeby, J. (1966) Les maladies vermineuses des ani• Howell, C]., Walker, ].B. and E.M. Newill (1978) maux domestiques et leurs incidences sur la Ticks, mites and insects infesting domesric ani• pathologie humaine. Tome 11. Maladies dues mals in Sourh Africa. Part 1. Descriprions and aux plathelminthes. Fascicule premier; Vigot biology; Department of Agriculrural and Tech• freres editeurs, Paris nical Services, Preroria Graber, M. and C Perrotin (1983) Helminthes et Kettle, D.S. (1984) Medical and Veterinary Enro• helminthoses des ruminants domestiques d'• mology; Croom Helm, London & Sydney Afrique tropicale; Editions du Point Veterinaire, Maisons-Alfort Manual on Livestock Ticks (1965) Agriculrural research service; U.S. Department of Agricul• Levine, N.D. (1979) Nematode parasites of domes• rure, Hyattsville tic animals and man. Second Edition; Burgess Publishing Company, Minneapolis, Minnesota Therapy Lichtenfels, J.R. (1975) Helminths of domestic Campbell, W.C (ed) (1989) Ivermectin and abam• equids. Special issue. Vol. 42. Proceedings of the ecrin; Springer-Verlag New York, Berlin, Hei• Helminthological Society of Washington delberg Macpherson, CN.L. and P.S. Craig (1991) Parasit• Doherty, T.]. and].P. Mulville (1992) Diagnosis and ic helminths and zoonoses in Africa; Unwin Treatment of Large Animal Diseases. W.B. Hyman, London Saunders Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Norval, R.A.I., Perry, B.D. and A.S. Young (1992) Howard, ].L. (1993) Currenr Vererinary Therapy. The epidemiology of theileriosis in Africa. Aca• Food animal practice. Third edition; W.B. demic Press, Inc. Ltd., London Saunders Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

400 Acknowledgement

The author would like to thank all those who helped in so many ways to make this publication possible

Support in fund raising and financing Prof. Dr. F. Hörchner, Prof. Dr. E. Schein, Prof. Dr. D. Mehlitz and Prof. Dr. A.-O. Heydorn; Insti• Ciba-Geigy Foundation for Co operation with Deve• tute of Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary loping Countries, Prof. Dr. K. Leisinger and F. Medicine, University of Berlin, Germany Nicolier; Basle, Switzerland Dr. D. Schillinger; MSD AG VET, Grünwald, Germany Ciba-Geigy Ltd. Animal Health Division, Basle, Dr.l. Roditi; Institute of General Microbiology, Uni• Switzerland versity of Berne, Switzerland University of Berne, Prof. Dr. H . Luginbühl and Dr. K. Bairden; Institute of Veterinary Parasitology, Prof. Dr. B. Gottstein; Berne, Switzerland University of Glasgow, UK Swiss Development Cooperation, Dr. F. von Sury Dr.]. Zinsstag; Centre Suisse de Recherches Scienti• and Dr. P. Egger; Berne, Switzerland fiques, Abidjan, Cöte d'Ivoire Dr. ].F. Graf; Centre de Recherche Agricole, Sr. Dr. T. Fritsche; Appenzell, Switzerland Aubin, Switzerland Dr. M. Eysker; Institute of Parasitology, Utrecht, The Prof. Dr. K. Pfister; Department of Parasitology, Netherlands Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Prof. Dr.l. McIntyre, Dr. P. Ankers, Dr. B. Touray, Dr. Berne, Switzerland R. Dwinger, Dr. P. Rawlings, Dr. W. Snow, Dr. D. Clifford, Dr. P. Leperre,]. Faye, A. Kaufmann, Dr. Main contributors and advisors ]. Claxton, and G. Zürcher; International Trypano• Prof. Dr. G. Uilenberg; IEMVT, Paris, France tolerance Centre, Banjul, The Gambia Prof. Dr. B. Hörning, Dr. J.L. Charbon and Dr. M. Dr. B. Loum and Dr. M'bake; Department of Live• Kunz; Department of Parasitology, Institute of stock Services, Yundum, The Gambia Animal Pathology, University of Berne, Switzer• Dr. R.O. Olubayo; Kenya Agricultural Research land Institute, Kabete, Kenya Dr. R. Morgenstern, Dr. A. Tontis, Dr. W. Meier, Prof. Dr. C.D. Ezeokoli; Department of Animal Pro• Dr. H. Häni, PD Dr. D. Dobbelaere, G. Di Lullo duction and Aquaculture, Abakaliki, Nigeria and H. Muff; Institute of Animal Pathology, Dr. ].Y. Chollet; Laboratoire National Veterinaire University of Berne, Switzerland de Bokle, Garoua, Cameroun Dr. N. Müller, Dr. P. Jacquier, Dr. A. Hemphil and Dr. E. Otupiri; Upper Region Agricultural Develop• Dr. R. Felleisen; Institute of Parasitology, Uni• ment Programme, Bolgatanga, Ghana versity of Berne, Switzerland Prof. Dr. R.A. Ogunsusi; Federal University of Tech• Prof. Dr. A. Friess; Institute of Animal Anatomy, nology, Akure, Nigeria University of Berne, Switzerland Dr. D. Mostafa; Laboratoire de Recherches et d'Analy• Prof. Dr. S. Geerts, Prof. Dr. V. Kumar, Prof. Dr. P. ses des Services Veterinaires, Casablanca, Maroc Kageruka and Dr. R. De Deken, Prince Leopold P.T. Oberem; Coopers Animal Health (Pty) Ltd, Universi ty ofTropical Medicine; Antwerp, Belgium Kempton Park, South Africa

401 • Acknowledgemenl

Dr. T.D. Gunter; Pfizer South Africa, Johannesburg, Dr. R.C. Chhahra; Paraclinical Veterinary Studies, South Africa University of Harare, Zimbabwe Dr. F. Oussaid; Service de Parasitologie E.N.V. Dr. K. Adomefa; Centre de Recherche et d'Elevage, Algier, Algier Avetonou, Togo Dr. D.T. de Waal and Dr. R.M.R. Alves; Depart• Dr. W. Godana; Veterinary Service Department, me nt of Agricultural Development, Onderste• Addis Ahaha, Ethiopia poart, South Africa Dr. W. Amanfou; Animal Health and Production Prof. Dr. A.M. Makumyaviri; Faculte de Medecine Department, Accra, Ghana Veterinaire, Lubumbashi, Zaire Prof. Dr. W.K. Munyua; Division of Veterinary Dr. A. N'Depo; Laboratoire Nationale de Patholo• Parasitology, University of Nairobi, Kenya gie Animale, Bingerville, Cote d' Ivoire Dr. C.O. Nwosu; Department of Veterinary Micro• Dr. S.N. Appiah; Animal Health and Production biology and Parasitology, University of Ibadan, Department, Kumasi, Ghana Nigeria Dr. S. Mamadou and Dr. M. Salambere; Laboratoire Dr. P. Gerlach, K. Metzger, M. Bussmann, C. Baer Nationale D'Elevage, Ouagadougou, Burkina and S. Lotrovsky; Birkhä user Verlag, Basle, Faso Switzerland Dr. S. Asres; University of Agriculture, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia Dr. P.G. Sinyangwe; Central Veterinary Research Special thanks are due to my family Angela, Andrea, Institute, Lusaka, Zambia Simon, Thomas and Philippe for all their support Dr. R. Bohrmann; Central Veterinary Laboratary, and understanding du ring the preparation of the pre• Windhoek, Namibia sent manual.

402 Index

A Amaebotaenia sphenoides 349 abdominal eavity 240 Amblyomma 75ff., 110, 114, 116f., 328f. 181 Amblyomma cohaerens 247 abomasum 270 Amblyomma gemma 76, 114,285 abort 317 Amblyomma hebraeum 70f., 110, 114, 117,378 abortion 83,87, 103, 176,233, 272f., 31 Of., Amblyomma lepidum 71, 76, 114, 285 317f. Amblyomma pomposum 76, 114 aeanthoeephala 307 Amblyomma thol/oni 76, 114 acarieidal drug 258 Amblyomma variegatum 70f., 76, 110, 114, acaricidal drug, resistance to 120 117f., 170, 247, 285 acaricidal treatment 285 "Ameriean serewworm" 138, 199,255 acaricide 258 amiearbalide 64f. Achatina 93 aminonitrothiazole 338 Acuaria hamulosa 349, 363f. ammonia 349 Acuaria spiralis 349,362 Amoebotaenia 355 Aedes 102, 109, 129,240,275,325,334,390 Amoebotaenia cuneata 355 Aegyptianella moshkovskii 369 Amoebotaenia sphenoides 355 Aegyptianella pullorum 191, 369f., 378f. amprolium 24,27,86,148,293,319, 346ff. aegyptianellosis 378 anaemia 57,67,74,110, 118ff., 129, 132, aerosol, pressurized 336 152f., 162f., 168f., 172,200,216f.,21~224, aerosol spray 336 227,248,251,253,270, 272f., 280, 288, Afriean Horse Siekness 129, 131,224,227, 303f., 311, 327, 332, 377f., 380f. 252f. anaemia, haemolytie 311 Afriean laneet fluke 93 anaemia, iron-defieiency 152 Afriean sheep louse 196 anaemia, progressive 272 Afriean smallliver fluke 31 analgroove 110 Afriean swine fever 191,329 Anaplasma 70, 72, 74, 116, 170,248,311 Agriolimax 181,352 Anaplasma centrale 72f., 114 air sac 348,376 Anaplasma marginale 72f., 114, 170 "air sae mite" 376 Anaplasma ovis 170f., 189 aklomide 347f. anaplasmataceae 72 albendazole 29,35, 49f., 52, 54, 92, 94, 98, anaplasmosis 57,63, 72f., 119, 132, 170, 197, 152,166 224 albumen 371 anaplasmosis, bovine 73 allergie reaetion 246 annoyanee 110,332

403 Anopheles 102, 109, 129, 325, 334, 390 B Anopheles gambiae 102, 109 Babesia 65ff., 70, 74, 116,227,229,248 Anoploeephala 205,207 Babesia bigemina 62ff., 114, 168 Anoploeephala magna 206, 208 Babesia bovis 61, 63ff., 113 Anoploeephala perfoliata 206ff. Babesia eaballi 228ff., 247 anoplocephalidae 208 Babesia divergens 62ff., 114 anoplura 127, 195 Babesia equi 227f., 230, 247 anoreXIa 172 Babesia major 63, 114 anthelmintic 54 Babesia motasi 167f., 189 anthelmintic control 361 Babesia ovis 168f., 189 anthelmintic program 302 Babesia perroncitoi 310f., 328 Anthrax 132,134,141,166,197 Babesia trautmanni 310,328 antibiotic 346 babesicidal drug 65 antibiotic, ionophorous 24,27 babesiidae 61 anticoccidial drug for cattle, sheep, goats, swine babesiosis 57, 61ff., 74, 224, 248, 310f. and poultry 27, 346ff. babesiosis, bovine 63, 114 anticoccidial drug, prophylactic 347 babesiosis, equine 227f., 230 antigenic variation 55 babesiosis, porcine 310 antimalarial drug 368 babesiosis, small 168 antimony 106 Baermann method 8ff., 98, 182,304 antrycide 59 Balantidium eoli 295f. Antrypol 59 Balantidium suis 295 apicomplexan parasite 241 bankrupt worm 43,154 aquatic snail 79, 91, 371 barber's pole worm 37, 152 Argas 113,378f. bark 330f. Argas persicus 369,378f. bark louse 34 Argas reflexus 379 basis capituli 110 Argas reflexus hermanni 378 Bdeltonyssus bursa 381 Argas walkerae 378 beclotiamin 348 argasidae 113 "beef measle" 88 Arianta 181 beetle 298, 357, 364 Arion 181,352 benzimidazole 35,50,52,98, 152, 161, 166, Armadiltidium vulgare 362 301 arpinocid 348 benzimidazole-resistant strain 219 arsanilic acid 348 berenil 59,273 arthropod 373f. Besnoitia bennetti 243 artificial digestion 318,373 Besnoitia besnoiti 69, l05f. artificial insemination 83f. Besnoitia cyst 105 Asearidia 357, 366 besnoitiosis 106, 132, 197 Asearidia galti 349, 357f., 366 bilharziosis 79, 172 Asearis suum 297, 30lf., 307, 323 bilirubinaemia 69 Asearops 298 binary fission 55,72 Asearops strongylina 297ff. bithionol 347 ascites 77 biting fly 57 asexual development 341 biting louse of horses and donkeys 250f. ataxia 75, 186,230,373 biting midge 131,253 atropin sulfate 230 black blowfly 391 Atylotus 272 black fly 130, 334 "Australian itch" 126,193 black fly control 390 avermectin 142,258 black scours worm 41, 154 avian infectious synovitis 391 blackhead 338,358,374 avian malaria 367 blackleg 166 avian spirochaetosis 129,377f. "bleeding spot" 107 Aviteltina 35, 152, 265 blindness 240, 273 Avitellina eentripunctata 150f., 34, 265 blood fluke 32, 172, 230 Aviteltina woodlandi 265 blood sucking arthropod 367 blood sucking louse 127f., 195f.

404 bloodsmear and Giemsa-stain 11ff. bushpig 321 bloodworm 215 Buxtonella 28f. bloody faeces 344 blowHy 138, 198f., 254, 391 C blue tick 118 cachexia 24, 158 blue tongue 129,131,197 caecallesion 338,374 bluebottle Hy 199 caecal worm 358 body louse 387 caecum 47 body mite 249 calcification 93 Boophilus 6lf., 110, 118,247,328 calcified nodule 383f. Boophilus annulatus 61 Calicophoron daubneyi 149 Boophilus bigemina 61 Calicophoron microbothrium 149 Boophilus bovis 61 Calliphora 138, 199,335 Boophilus calcaratus 62,114 calliphoridae 138, 198, 391 Boophilus decoloratus 62,73,110, 114f., 118, Callitroga 138 247,285,310,328 Callitroga hominivorax 138f., 199,255,335 Boophilus divergens 61 calve, neonatal 49 Boophilus microplus 6lf., 73, 110, 113f. calve, suckling 52 Borre/ia 368 calving interval 83 B orre/ia anserina 191, 378f. cambendazole 209,357 Borre/ia duttoni 191,379 Camelostrongylus mentulatus 266 Borre/ia theileri 115,247 Camelus 286 Bos indicus 55 Camelus bactrianus 261 Bothriophoron bothriophoron 30,149 Camelus dromedarius 261 "bottle jaw" 37f., 42, 48,92, 152f., 162,280, Campanulotes bidentatus 387 botulism 391 "canker" 340 Bovicola bovis 127, 195 Capillaria 50f., 360f., 366 Bovicola caprae 195 Capillaria anatis 360 Bovicola crassipes 195 Capillaria annulata 349, 359 Bovicola limbatus 195 Capillaria bovis 51, 164 Brachylaemus 297 Capillaria caudinflata 360 Bradybaena 185,325 Capillaria columbae 349 bradyzoite 85 f., 105 f., 316, 373 Capillaria contorta 359f. broiler Hock 346 Capillaria hepatica 239 bronchitis 324,376 Capillaria, infection 361 brood nodule 181f. Capillaria longicollis 349 brown chicken louse 387 Capillaria obsignata 360 brown ear tick 116, 120 Capillaria retusa 349 brown stomach worm 42,155 capillariosis, caecal 360 Brucella abortus 83 capillariosis, crop 359 buccal capsule 48, 160 capillariosis, intestinal 360 buffalo Hy 133 caprine chewing louse 195 buffalo gnat 334 carbamate 142,258 buffalo louse 128 carbaryl 142 buffy co at 57 carbol-fuchsine 28 Bulinus 29, 79, 204, 350 cardiovascular symptom 81 Bulinus africanus 79 Carmyerius 29f. Bulinus globosus 79 Carmyerius dollfusi 30 bunamidine hydrochloride 95,187,283 Carmyerius papillatus 30,149 Bunostomum 53,57 Carmyerius spatiosus 30f., 149 Bunostomum phlebotomum 31, 48f. carrion Hy 199 Bunostomum trigonocephalum 150, 162,269 Caryospora bigenetica 241 bunyaviruse 284 cat Hea 332f. buparvaquone 67f., 169 catarrhal enteritis 52, 270 buqinolate 348 catarrhal exudate 360 bursa copulatrix 38,41, 155f., 159f., 161 catarrhal gastritis 214 bursa of Fabricius 348,371 Catatropics verrucosa 351

405 Cathaica 185 classical swine fever 324, 333 cattle grub 136 Cleopatra 204 cattle louse 127 clindamyzine 103 cattle louse fly 140f.,257 cloaca 348,371,377 cattle lungworm 46, 97 clopidol 348 cattle screwworm 138 clorsulon 54, 92 cattle tick fever 118f. c10santel 29, 92 Cematogaster 93 Clostridium botulinum 391 central nervous system (CNS) symptoms 317, Clostridium chauvoei 166 326 Clostridium per(ringens 345 Cepaea 181,352 clot 215 cephalic vesicle 43,47,155 Cnemidocoptes gallinae 383 Cephalopina titillator 280ff. Cnemidocoptes mutans 382f. Cephalopsis titillator 281 coccidia of pigs 294 Ceratophyllus gallinae 334, 389f. coccidial resistance 347 ceratopogonidae 81,131 coccidiosis 24,26, 146ff., 154, 341f., 347 cercariae 29, 79, 91 coccidiosis, bloody caeca 341 cerebellum 283 coccidiosis, bovine 24 cerebrum 283 coccidiosis, clinical 24, 341 cervical ala 36 coccidiosis, control of 346 cervical papillae 38, 155 coccidiosis in avians 346 cestodicidal anthelmintic 283 coccidiosis in camels 262 cestodicidal drug 35 coccidiosis in chicken 34lf. Chabertia ovina 150, 160f. coccidiosis in pigs 292 Cheilospirura hamulosa 363 coccidiosis in sheep and goats 146, 148 chelicera 118 coccidiosis, subclinical 341, 345 chelicerae 380 coccidiostatica 346 chemoprophylaxis 226 Cochliomyia hominivorax 138, 199,335 Chenuda virus 378 cockroach 35,363,392 chewing louse 127, 195,251, 385f. Coenurus cerebralis 104, 186f., 242, 283 chicken louse 385 Coenurus cysts 186 chicken mite 380f. coenurus 186,283 chigger flea 332 coitus 227 chlorguanil 368 coleoptera 354 chlorinated hydrocarbon 142,258,330 colibacillosis 292 chloroquine 368 colic 208,215f. chlorpyrifos 142 colitis 50, 164, 295 chlortetracycline 67,74, 169 Collyriclum (aba 377 Choanotaenia in(undibulum 349,355,391 colon ascendens 47 cholangitis 93 colostrum 24, 303 Chorioptes 121f., 288 Columbicola columbae 387f. Chorioptes bovis 121, 123 common bedbug 388 Chorioptes equi 249 common chicken flea 390 Chorioptes ovis 192f. common horse bot fly 221,256 Chrysomya albiceps 199 common liver fluke 177 Chrysomya bezziana 138, 335 common lungworm 157 Chrysomya chloropyga 199 common mange mite 250 Chrysomya marginalis 199 common tapeworm 32, 150 Chrysomyia 138 complement fixation test (CFT) 15ff., 233 Chrysomyia rufifacies 199 compressorium method 10,321 Chrysops 132, 197,253 condemnation of liver 301 Chrysozona 226 confinement-rearing of chicken 366 cigar-shaped mite 125 conjunctiva, scleral 105 Cimex lectularius 388 conjunctival sac 143,258,289,392 Cione/la 94 conjunctivitis 132,143,258 cirrhosis 94, 313 connective tissue 238 cirrhosis, hepatic 178 Conocephalus 326

406 eontaet-aearieides 378 eyst 103, 105 Cooperia 40f., 43f., 53, 155f. eyst in the muscle 373 Cooperia curticei 45, 155 eyst mite 383 Cooperia pectinata 31, 43ff., 155 eyst, subeutaneous 377 Cooperia punctata 43ff., 155 eyst, thin-neeked 185 Cooperia spatulata 43 eystieerei 88,176,184,279,319,323 eopepod 356 eystieereosis 88,319,323 "eopper-bottle" fly 138, 198 Cysticercus 279 Cordylobia 139 Cysticercus bovis 88f., 107, 176,279,320 Cordylobia anthropophaga 140, 200 Cysticercus cameli 89, 278f. eorneal opacity 224 Cysticercus cellulosae 319f., 326f. eoronavirus 28 Cysticercus dromedarii 89,278 eorridor disease 65, 67, 114 Cysticercus, larvae 323 Cotylophoron 30 Cysticercus ovis 176f. Cotylophoron cotylophorum 30, 149f. Cysticercus tenuicollis 96, 101, 184f., 240, Cotylophoron daubneyi 30 281f., 323 Cotylophoron microbothrium 30 Cystocaulus 182 eough 281 Cystocaulus ocreatus 158, 181 eoumaphos 54,124,129,137,142,336 eystozoites 373 Cowdria ruminantium 72, 75ff., 78, 114, 172, Cytodites nudus 376 189,285 eowdriosis 63, 75ff. o eranial mesenterie artery 215 Damalinia bovis 127 Craterostomum 218 Damalinia caprae 195 erop 340 Damalinia equi 250 erotoxyphos 123, 129 dark ground/phase eontrast buffy eoat method erust formation 121, 250, 330f. 12ff., 102 erustaeea 300 Davainea proglottina 352f., 356 eryprosporidia 349 dbab 272 eryptosporidial diarrhoea 28, 148 deeoquinate 24,27,148,348 eryprosporidiosis, bovine 28 deflubenzuron 333, 336 Cryptosporidium 348f.,374 deformation of the legs 382 Cryptosporidium baileyi 348 dehydration 156,262, Cryptosporidium bovis 28 deltamethrin 142 Cryptosporidium meleagridis 348 demodeetie mange 250 Cryptosporidium, ooeysts 349 demodeetie mite 125,194 Cryptosporidium parvum 28,148,295 Demodex 69,122,125,194,331 Ctenocephalides canis 334 Demodex bovis 125 Ctenocephalides felis 332ff., 390 Demodex caprae 194 Cuclotogaster heterographus 386ff. Demodex equi 250 Culex 102,109, 129f., 240, 325, 334, 390 Demodex, infestation 331 eulieidae 129f. Demodex ovis 194 Culicoides 108,131,196,236,253,369,391 Demodex suis 331 Culicoides nubeculosus 236 depigmentation 237 Culicoides pungens 108 depluming iteh 383 eutieular ridge 155 depluming mite 383 eutieular spine 300 depressed growth 347 Cyathostoma bronchiale 374 depression 309 Cyathostomum 218 Deraiophoronema evansi 275 Cyclops 300,356 Dermacentor 110, 117f., 227, 247, 310, 328 eyfluthrin 142 Dermacentor marginatus 118, 228 Cylicocylus 218 Dermacentor reticulatus 310 Cylicodontophorus 218 Dermanyssus gallinae 380f. Cylicostephanus 218 dermatitis 107,109, 115, 123, 237f., 243f., 256, Cymelarsan® 59,273 284f.,333 eypermethrin 142,244 dermatitis hypertrophieans 382 eyromazine 336,391 dermatitis, mierofilaria-assoeiated 246

407 .... dermatitis, seasonal 131, 253 dragonfly 371,377 Dermatophilus congolensis 134, 197 Draschia 213 desiccation 336 Draschia megastoma 212ff.,243 deutonymph 381 "dry season outbreak " 166 diamidine derivative 64 dry thorn-bush species 135 Diamond's Trichomonad Medium 83 ductus choledochus 93 diamphenethide 92 d ull fleece 196 diaphragm 321 dust louse 34 Diaptomus 356 duttonella 56 diarrhoea 24,49, 155f., 204, 210, 216, 219, dwarf equine tapeworm 208 292,351 dysentery 24,295 diarrhoea, bloody 304,341 dyspnoea 180, 281, 376 diaverdin 347 diazin on 124, 142, 336 E dichlorvos 129,142,300,336 ear canker 120 diclazuril 27,348 ear tag, impregnated 141 Dicorcoelium 322, 178 earthworm 313,323,357,360,363,374 Dicrocoelium dendriticum 31, 93f., 149f., 178, earthworm control 324 238,280 Eastcoastfever(ECF) 65,67,114,120,169 Dicrocoelium hospes 31, 93f., 149, 178,280 Echidnophaga gallinacea 332, 389 Dicrocoelium lanceolatum 94 echinococcosis 281 Dicrocoelium-like egg 326 Echinococcus granulosus 94ff., 179, 238f., 242, Dictol® 98 28Of., 322 dictyocaulidae 157 "Echinococcus sand" 322 Dictyocaulus 182, 281 Echinococcus unilocularis 94, 97, 179 Dictyocaulus arnfieldi 205,220, 239f. Echinoparyphium recurvatum 350 Dictyocaulus cameli 268,281 Echinostoma 350f. Dictyocaulus filaria 157, 180f., 281 Echinostoma revolutum 350 Dictyocaulus viviparus 35,46, 97ff., 281 echinostomatidae 351 diethylcarbamazine 81, 102, 108,237,240 ectoparasite 257 Diff-Quick® Ilff. ectoparasite, control of 257 dimetridazole 84,338,340 eczema, moist 115f., 131,247 diminazene aceturate 57,59, 64f., 168f., 225, egg yolk 357 273,309f. Egyptian fever 69 dinitrotolmid 348 Ehrlichia bovis 72, 75f., 114 Dioctophyma renale 314f. Ehrlichia equi 230 "Dioufar" 226 Ehrlichia ondiri 76, 115 dioxathion 129, 142 Ehrlichia ovina 171,189 Dipetalonema dermicola 109 Ehrlichia phagocytophila 72, 76, 114, 172, 189 Dipetalonema evansi 275 ehrlichiaceae 72, 75 Dipetalonema ruandae 109 ehrlichiosis 75, 114, 171f. dipping 57, 74, 129, 141 Eimeria 24,146,148, 292f., 341ff. diptera 72 Eimeria acervulina 341,343, 345f. dipterida, catde 129ff. Eimeria ahsata 146f. dipterida, dromedaries 288ff. Eimeria alabamensis 25 dipterida, horses and donkeys 252ff. Eimeria arloingi 14 7 dipterida, poultry 390ff. Eimeria auburnensis 25 dipterida, sheep and goats 196ff. Eimeria bactriani 263 dipterida, swine 334ff. Eimeria bakuensis 146f. direct smear method 6ff. Eimeria bovis 24ff. Dispharynx nasuta 362 Eimeria brasiliensis 25 Dispharynx spiralis 362, 366 Eimeria brunetti 341,343,345 djaffa 272 Eimeria bukidnonensis 25 doramectin 142 Eimeria cameli 262 Dorylus 93 Eimeria christenseni 147 "Doukane" 226 Eimeria crandalis 147 "Dourine" 227,233 Eimeria debliecki 292ff.

408 Eimeria dromedarii 262 Eperythrozoon wenyoni 72,74, 114 Eimeria in chicken 341,343,347 eperythrozoonosis 311 Eimeria intricata 147 Epidermoptes bilobatus 384 Eimeria leuckarti 204 equine abdominal warm 240 Eimeria maxima 341,343, 345f. equine babesiosis 227f.,230 Eimeria mitis 341,343,346 equine body mite 249 Eimeria mivati 343, 345f. equine chewing louse 251 Eimeria necatrix 341ff., 344f. Equine Infectious Anaemia 227,251 Eimeria neodebliecki 292, 294 equine intestinal fluke 204 Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae 146ff. equine intestinal threadworm 210 Eimeria nälleri 263 equine lungworm 220, 239 Eimeria ovina 146 equine pinworm 211 Eimeria ovinoidalis 146, 148 erythema 131 Eimeria perminuta 292, 294 ethopabate 346f. Eimeria polita 292, 294 Eucoleus annulatus 359 Eimeria porei 292, 294 Eucoleus contortus 359 Eimeria praecox 346 Euhadra 351 Eimeria rajasthani 263 Eulota 351 Eimeria scabra 292, 294f. European chicken flea 390 Eimeria spinosa 292, 294 Eurytrema pancreaticum 31f., 102f., 149, 185, Eimeria suis 292, 294 280,283,322,325 Eimeria tenella 338, 341ff., 344 excoriation 332 Eimeria tenella, infection 344 external parasite, control of 142 Eimeria tenella, schizonts of 344 eyeworm 143,258 Eimeria zuerni 24f. "EI Debab" 226 F Elaeophora poeli 8lf. face louse 195 elementary body 72,75, 171 famphur 137 "elephant hide disease" 106 Fasciola 80,92 elephant skin disease 105 Faseiola gigantica 30,90, 149f., 177,238,280, emaciation 226, 274f., 286, 303 322 embolism 231 Faseiola hepatica 30f., 91ff., 149f., 177,205, embryonal hook 352 238,279,297,322 embryophore 319 Fascioloides magna 150 encephalomyelitis 129, 176, 186,252 fasciolosis 91f., 177 endodyogeny 86 feather damage 385 Entamoeba 149 feather louse 387 Entamoeba bovis 28 featherlessness 384 Entamoeba dilimani 149 febantel 35,49, 52, 54, 152, 300, 305, 357 Entamoeba histolytica 132 febantel/praziquantellpyrantel 95, 187,283 Entamoeba ovis 149 feeding 340 Entamoeba polecki 296 felidae 373 Entamoeba suis 296 fenbendazole 35, 49f., 52, 54, 94, 107, 152, Entamoeba wenyoni 149 166,300,305,351,357 enteritis 29,146,154,165,215,262,348,351, fenoxycarb 333 356 fenthion 137,142 enterohepatitis 338, 358 fenvalerate 129,142 enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELlSA) festoon 11 0, 118f. 14ff.,317 fetus 317 Eomenacanthus stramineus 385ff. fibrosis 323 eosinophilia 321 fibrosis, hepatic 280 Eperythrozoon 74f., 171 fibrous capsule 108 Eperythrozoon ovis 171,189 filariosis, aortic 81 Eperythrozoon parvum 31H. filariosis, bovine abdominal 101 Eperythrozoon suis 74,311,332 filth fly 391 Eperythrozoon teganodes 72,74 Fimbriaria faseiolaris 356 Eperythrozoon tuomii 72, 74 flea, life cyde of 333

409 .... flea, control of 390 gastropod mollusc 352 flea-breeding area 333 gastrothylacidae 30,149 fleas, catde 129ff. giant liver fluke 90,177 fleas, dromedaries 288ff. Giardia 149 fleas, horses and donkeys 252ff. Giardia bovis 28 fleas, poultry 389ff. Giardia bovis cyst 149 fleas, sheep and goats 196ff. Giardia caprae 148 fleas, swine 332ff. Giardia duodenalis 148 "fleece-rot" 198 Giardia lamblia 296 flesh fly 200, 289, 391 Giardia ovis 148 flexor tendon 236 Giardia quadrii 148 flotation method 6ff. "gid" 104,186,283 flubendazole 300,305,351,357 globidiosis 204 fluff louse 387 Globidium leuckarti 204 flumethrine 124, 142 Globocephalus 297, 303 fly control 259, 336, 391 Globocephalus urosubulatus 303 fly prevention 244 Glossina 134f., 197,254,335 fly repellent 183,213,244 Glossina brevipalpis 136, 309 fly worry 253f., 288 Glossina fusca 55, 135f. foal, neonatal 210 Glossina morsitans 55, 135f., 309 fogging 391 Glossina pallidipes 136 follicular mite 125,331 Glossina palpalis 55,105, 135f. foot mange 121,288 Glossina tachinoides 136 "foot scab" 192 Glossina vanhoofi 309 Formica 94 glossinidae 134 fouadin 275 glycarbylamid 348 fowl cholera 378,391 Gnathostoma hispidum 300f. fowl pox 129, 381, 390f. ingluvicola 349 fowl tick 378 35f., 150, 152,208 furazolidone 348, 369 Gongylonema verrucosum 36, 152 Goniocotes gallinae 386f. G Goniodes dissimilis 386f. Gaigeria 57 Goniodes gigas 386f. Gaigeria pachyscelis 45, 150, 156, 162f. Goniodes numidae 387 gallsickness 73, 114 gosling 361 gametogony 148,292,318, 341f. grasshopper 185,326, 363f. gammatox 286 "green-botde" fly 138, 198 gamogony 317,367f. green-tailed blowfly 199 Ganasag 59 Grosspiculagia lyrata 42 "gapeworm" 374f. "grouse disease" 362 Gasterophilus 221f., 256 grower feed 346 Gasterophilus equi 221,256 growth, depressed 347 Gasterophilus haemorrhoidalis 221,256 growth regulator 333, 336 Gasterophilus intestinalis 221f., 256 growth, retarded 270 Gasterophilus larvae 223 gubernaculum 4 Off. Gasterophilus nasalis 221,256 gullet worm 35 Gasterophilus pecorum 221 Gyalocephalus 218 gastritis 222, 298, 300 Gastrodiscoides hominis 297 H Gastrodiscus aegyptiacus 204ff., 297 Habronema 132,205,213, 243f., 254,258 gastroenteritis 172, 292 Habronema majus 212 gastrointestinal nematode 43,45,57, 154, 156 Habronema megastoma 212,243,254 gastrointestinal nematode infection in catde 53 Habronema microstoma 134,212,254 gastrointestinal nematode infection in dromedaries Habronema muscae 212, 254 270 habronemosis, cutaneous 213,243f. Gastrophilus 256 ha bronemosis, gastric 213 Gastrophilus pecorum 256 habronemosis,ocular 213,243

410 haemagglutination, indirect 278 hepatoportal bloodstream 301 Haemaphysalis 62,76,110, 114f., 118, 168 herbivore 322 Haemaphysalis chordeilis 378 Heterakis 338, 358 Haemaphysalis cinnabarina 378 Heterakis, eggs 357 Haemaphysalis leporispalustris 378 Heterakis gallinae 349,391 Haemaphysalis parva 168 Heterakis gallinarum 338f., 358f., 361 Haemaphysalis punctata 62f., 114, 119, 168 heterogonic cyde 52, 210 Haemaphysalis sulcata 168, 190 heteroptera 388 haematinic drug 311 hexychlorcydohexane 287 Haematobia 132f., 197, 253f., 272 high-pressure spraying 388 Haematobia atripalpis 244 Hippobosca 140f., 256f. Haematobia irritans 109, 133 Hippobosca camelina 141,289 Haematobia minuta 133, 197 Hippobosca equi 257 Haematopinus 128 Hippobosca equina 257 Haematopinus asini 251f. Hippobosca maculata 141,257 Haematopinus cameli 288 Hippobosca quina 140 Haematopinus eurysternus 127f. Hippobosca rufipes 140f.,257 Haematopinus quadripertusus 128 Hippobosca variegata 140,257 Haematopinus suis 311, 33lf. hippoboscidae 140 Haematopinus tubereulatus 128 Histomonas meleagridis 338ff., 358, 374 Haematopota 60, 132, 197,253,272 histomonosis 338f., 358, 391 Haematozoa 368 hog cholera 132, 324, 335 Haemobartonella 75, 230 homidium bromide 57,59,273 Haemobartonella bovis 72, 75 homidium chloride 59, 225 haemoglobinuria 63,69, 168f., 227, 310 homogonic cyde 52,210 haemolytic syndrome 63 hook collar 319,322 haemonchosis 152 hook, embryonal 352 Haemonchus 40,53,287 hookworm 48, 162f. Haemonchus contortus 37ff., 55, 57, 150, horn fly 133 152ff.,270 horse bot fly 22lf.,256 Haemonchus longistipes 265f.,270 horse fly 132,253,335 Haemophysalis punctata 190 horse louse fly 140, 257 Haemoproteus 368,374 horse roundworm 209 Haemoproteus columbae 368,392 I-host tick 120 Haemoproteus danilewskii 368 2-host tick 119f. Haemoproteus nettionis 391 3-host tick 118ff. haemorrhage 162,245,248,309 house fly 132, 391 haemorrhage, ocular 367 human flea 332 haemorrhage, petechial 68f.,227 humped thorax 130 haemorrhagic track 323 Hyalomma 69,75,110,114,119, 227f., 247, haemorrhagic tract 184 378 hair follide 194,250,331 Hyalomma anatolicum 69,74,114,169,285 ha ir lungworm 157, 181 Hyalomma detritum 69,114,247,285 hair worm 41 Hyalomma dromedarii 67,114,247,274,285 halofuginone 67,169, 318f., 348 Hyalomma excavatum 67,114,247 halofuginone hydrobromide 293 Hyalomma impressum 285 halofuginone lactate 28 Hyalomma marginatum 171 Hammondia hammondi 241 Hyalomma marginatum rufipes 247 Hartertia gallinarum 349, 364f. Hyalomma plumbeum 285 head deviation 186 Hyalomma rufipes 285 head louse 387 Hyalomma truncatum 67,69, 114ff., 119, 190, head shaking 194,282 248 heartwater 76, 78, 114, 172 hycanthone 80 heel fly 136 hydatid eyst 94ff., 179,280,322 181 "hydatid sand" 95 181 hydatid tapeworm 94, 97 hepatomegaly 369 hydatidosis 94f., 97, 179, 280f.

411 .... hydropericardium 77f. insect growth regulator 391 hydrothorax 77 insect repellent 244, 334 Hymenolepis 355 insecticide 141,258,389 Hymenolepis cantaniana 355 insecticide-impregnating screen 57 Hymenolepis carioca 349, 355f., 392 insecticide, knock-down 336 hymenoptera 354 insecticide, larvicidal 391 Hyostrongylus 298 intestinal blockage 208 Hyostrongylus ruhidus 297,298f. intestinal damage 216 hyperaemia 248 intestinal fluke 297 hyperkeratosis 286ff. intestinal infarction 231 h ypermetria 186 intestinal obstruction 49,209 hyperplastic cholangitis 280 intestinal stasis 215 hyperthermia 309 intestinal threadworm 51f., 165,210,303 hypoalbuminaemia 47, 162 intestinal worm, thin-necked 45 hypobiosis 42,152, 155,218,270,298 intracranial pressure 283 Hypodectes propus 385 intradermal nodule 108 Hypoderaeum conoideum 350 intramuscular nodule 107 Hypoderma 136f. ionophore 346 Hypoderma hovis 90, 136f., 255f. ipronidazole 84, 338 Hypoderma lineatum 90, 136f. iron dextrane 57,65,311 hypodermic needle 311 irritation 110,141,334,392 hypopode 385 irritation, perineal 211 hypoproteinaemia 29,42,94, 155,273,303 irritation, skin 131, 334 hypostome 110 isoenzyme electrophoresis 272 isometamidium 57ff., 224 isopod 362 icterus 63,73,227,230,311 Isospora 292 ileocaecal orifice 208 Isospora cameli 263 ileocaecal valve 208 Isospora orlovi 263 imidocarb dipropionate 64f., 74, 168f., 230 Isospora suis 292,294f. immature fluke 205 itch mite 123, 126, 193, 330 immunization 65,77 itchiness 286 immunoblotting (western blot) 15ff. itching 123,127,131 immunodepression 55 itchy leg mite 249 immunohistochemistry 317 ivermectin 50,52,54,81,90,98,100,102, immunosuppression 134,224, 254, 317, 347 107ff., 121, 123ff., 126, 129, 137, 142f., 166, Impalaia 53 192,279,287,330 Impalaia aegyptiaca 267 Ixodes 110,119,247,329 Impalaia nudicollis 157, 266f. Ixodes gibbosus 190 Impalaia tuberculata 46, 157, 266f. Ixodesricinus 62,76,112,114,119,172, 189f. impression smear 63,292,373 Ixodes rubicundus 115,119, 189f. inanition 374 ixodidae 110 incoordination 126,229,326,373 indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) 13 ff. , 317 "January disease" 65 indoor housing 313 "Jarab" 286 infarct 215 jaundice 69,169,310,369 infection, respiratory 348 jaw muscle 321 infection risk 50 jigger flea 332f. infection, rota virus 292 infection, secondary 130,327 K infection, transmammary 165, 210 karoo paralysis 115,189 infection, transplacental 52, 73 keratitis 143, 258, 289 infection, trans-stadial 76, 172 keratitis, sclerosing 237 infertility 70, 83 keratoconjunctivitis 132 inflammation, croupous 359 "kidney worm" 313 initial body 72, 77, 171,369 kinetoplast 56

412 Klossiella equi 234 lip bot fly 221,256 Koch's blue bodies 66, 68 Lipeurus caponis 386ff. korlan 336 Lipeurus numidae 387 Liponyssus bursa 381 L liver condemnation 301 lacrimal duct 246 liver fluke 90, 92 lacrimation 143,258,272 liver fluke disease 177 lameness 236f., 382 liver lesion 374 Laminosioptes cysticola 383f. liver rot 177 lancet fluke 94, 178 locomotory ataxia 224 land snail 181 locomotory difficulties 377 lappet 207 long-nosed cattle sucking louse 128 large cattle roundworm 49 Lophophyton gallinae 384 large liver fluke 30, 322 loss of blood 380 large lungworm 157, 180 louse, control of 386 large-mouthed bowel worm 160 louse egg 332 large roundworm of swine 301 louse fly 140f., 256, 289 large stomach worm 37,152 louse infestation 332 large strongyle 214 louse worry 129, 195,288 large strongyle, control of 218 lousiness 385 larviparous 134, 139 lucathone hydrochloride 80 lasalocid 24,27,148,348 Lucilia 138, 198 Lasius 94 Lucilia cuprina 138, 198 leaf crown 219 Lucilia sericata 198f. "leg mange" 192 lumpy skin disease 129 Lepikentron ovis 195 f. lumpy wool 134, 197 leptospirosis 63,227 lungworm 46,97,220,239, 323 Leucocytozoon 368f., 374 lungworm control 324 Leucocytozoon caulleryi 368f. lungworm infection 180 Leucocytozoon sabrazesi 368f. lungworm larvae 158 leucocytozoonosis 390 Lymnaea 91, 350 leukosis 374 Lymnaea auricularia 91 levamisole 29,49,52,54,98,108, 143, 166, Lymnaea natalensis 91 300,305 Lymnaea truncatula 92 lice, cattle 127ff., lymph node 273 lice, dromedaries 288ff. lymph node smear 170 lice, horses and donkeys 250ff. lymph node swelling 67,68 lice, poultry 385ff. Lyperosia 36,132,152,197,226,253,272 lice, sheep and goats 195ff. lice, swine 331ff. M licking 129 Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus 297,307f. ligament worm 236, 245 macrogamete 293,342 ligamentum abomaso-lienale 90 macromerozoite 67 ligamentum nuchae 90, 236 macroschizont 66ff., 71,146,169 181,352 madurimicin 348 " Limberneck" 391 maggot 138, 335 lime-sulfur 126 malaria 129 Limicolaria 93 malathion 129,142,287,336 lindane 142, 286f., 336 malformation of the feet 382 linea alba 236, 245 mallophaga 127, 195, 385ff. Linguatula serrata 97 Maltese cross 227f. Linognathus 288 Mammomonogamus laryngeus 31,99f. Linognathus africanus 196 Mammomonogamus nasicola 100f. Linognathus ovillus 128,171, 195 mange 121, 192,250, 286ff., 330ff. Linognathus pedalis 196 mange-like skin irritation 251 Linognathus stenopsis 196 mange mite 330 Linognathus vituli 127, 128 Manson's eyeworm 392

413 manure 133 mites, poultry 380ff. manure-eating beetle 35 mites, sheep and goats 191ff. Marek's disease 341 mites, swine 330ff. marginal groove 116 molluscicidal plant 80 mayfly 377 molluscicides 80, 92 May-GrünwaldJGiemsa staining 11, 77 Monacha 181 McMaster method 7ff. monensin 24,27,148,348 meat inspection 107 Mongolia 289 mebendazole 35,49,52,54, 152, 300, 305, Moniezia 32ff., 150ff. 357,366 Moniezia benedeni 32f., 150 mechanical transmission 55, 309 Moniezia expansa 32f., 150 Mecistocirrus 53 morantel tartrate 54 Mecistocirrus digitatus 31, 39f., 153 Moraxella bovis 132 Mediterranean coast fever 69 mosquito 129,252, 334 melaminophenylarsine dihydrochloride 59 mosquito screening 334, 368 Melophagus ovinus 167,200f. moxidectin 54 meningitis 329 mucoid faeces 346 Menopon gallinae 386, 387 mucosa, abomasal 39 meront 86 mucosa membrane, pale 39 merozoite 6lf., 103, 175,292, 316f., 342, 367 mucosa of forestomach 35 mesenteric artery 215 mucosa of oesophagus 35 mesenteric vein 80 mucosa, oropharyngeal 339 mesentry 323 mucosal epithelium 348 Mesocnemidocoptes laevis gallinae 383 mucosal scraping 342 metacercariae 29,91, 93f., 178, 185,204 Muellerius 182 metacyclic form 55 Muellerius capillaris 157f., 18tf. metacyclic stage 167 Multiceps multiceps 186 metallic fly 138, 198 multiple skin nodule 125 Metastrongylus 304, 307, 323f. Musca 107,109,132,197,213,253 Metastrongylus apri 297,307, 323f. Musca amica 143 Metastrongylus elongatus 323 Musca autumnalis 132f. Metastrongylus madagascariensis 323f. Musca domestica 132f., 19~243,335,354, Metastrongylus pudendotectus 323f. 391 Metastrongylus salmi 323f. Musca larvipara 143 methiotriaziamin 347 Musca lucidala 289 methoprene 333 muscid fly 132, 258 methoxychlor 129,142 muscidae 132f. methylbenzoquat 347f. muscle cyst 175f., 318 metichlorpindol 347f. musculus interosseus 237 metritis 83 myeloencephalitis 241 metronidazole 84, 340 myelomalacia 176, 186 microfilariae 81f,. 90, 102, 106ff., 231f., 236, mYlaSlS 105, 115, 120, 130, 138ff., 198ff., 238,245,275,325 246ff., 254, 283, 288f., 327, 334, 335, 391 microfilaricidal drug 246 Myobacterium avium 391 microgamete 293,367 myositis 103,321 microinfarct 63 micromerozoite 67 N microschizont 66ff., 71, 169 Nagana 55ff., 224, 274 Microthoracius cameli 288 nannomonas 56 midge 130, 334 Nannomonas simidae 309 migratory phase 216 narasm 348 "milk-spot" 30tf., 323 nasal bot fly 281 miracidium 79, 91 nasal bot fly larvae 22 mite infestation 250 nasal bot fly strike 183 mites, cattle 121ff. nasal cavity 255 mites, dromedaries 286ff. nasal discharge 180 mites, horses and donkeys 249ff. nasal myiasis 183

414 nasolacrimal duct 392 Numidilipeurus tropicalis 387 naso-pharyngeal system 380 N uttallia equi 227 nausea 321 nymph 112, 120 N'Dama 57ff. necrotic lesion in the liver 339 o necrotic wo und 335 Ochocerca dukei 81 nematode infection, control of 166, 366 oedema 153,226,230,310 nematode infection, filarial 279 oedema, cutaneous 248 nematodicidal drug 300 oedema of the genitalia 233 Nematodirella dromedarii 268 oedema, pulmonary 67, 239 nematodirinae 267 oedematous swelling 334 Nematodirus 41,45,53, 156f., 160, 163,267 oesophagallining 36 Nematodirus abnormalis 267 Oesophagodontus 218 Nematodirus battus 45f., 156 oesophagostomosis 158 Nematodirus dromedarii 267 Oesophagostomum 47,53,270,305 Nematodirus filicollis 45f., 156 Oesophagostomum columbianum 48, 150, Nematodirus helvetianus 45f., 156,267 158ff., 165 Nematodirus, infection 45 Oesophagostomum dentatum 297, 305f. Nematodirus mauritanicus 267 Oesophagostomum multifoliatum 48, 160 Nematodirus spathiger 45f., 150, 156,267 Oesophagostomum quadrispinulatum 305f. Neoascaris 49 Oesophagostomum radiatum 31,47 Neospora 87, 103 Oesophagostomum venulosum 159f. Neospora caninum 103, 186,233,241 Oesophagostomum vigintimembrum 269 Neospora, -like organism 103 oesophagus lesion 340 Neostrongylus 182 oestridae 13 6 N eostrongylus linearis 157, 181 Oestrus 255 nervous disorder 172 Oestrus ovis 183,197,282 nervous symptom 78 Old World flesh fly 140,200,289 nest-inhabiting mite 385 Old World screwworm 138 netobimin 35,50,54,92, 94, 98, 152, 166,300 oligochaete annelid 314 neurocysticercosis 319 omentum 323 neuromuscular disorder 103 Onchocerca 81,109,131,238,258 Newcastle disease 381 Onchocerca armillata 81, 173 Newcastle disease virus 391 Onchocerca cervicalis 23lf., 236f., 245f. nicarbazine 346, 348 Onchocerca dermata 108 niclosamide 29,35,149,152,351,356 Onchocerca dukei 89, 107f. nictitating membrane 392f. Onchocerca fasciata 279,284 nihydrazon 348 Onchocerca gibsoni 107, 131,284 nitrofurazone 24,27, 148,348 Onchocerca gutturosa 81,90, 177,279 nitromide 347f. Onchocerca lienalis 90, 177 nitrophenid 348 Onchocerca ochengi 81, 108 nitroscanate 187,283 Onchocerca raillieti 237 nitroxynil 92,100,107,280,282 Onchocerca reticulata 23lf., 236f., 45 nodular lesion 81 Onchocerca, species of cattle 89f. nodular worm 47, 158f., 305 Onchocerca volvulus 130 nodule 47, 106ff., 125, 18lf., 383f. onchocercosis 107f.,237 nodule formation 158,270,299,305 onchocercosis, ligamentary 90 "Nofe!" 75 onchocercosis, muscular 107 non-healing skin wound 212,243 oncosphere 88,95,176,319 non-metallic fly 138f.,198,200 oocyst 148,292, 34lf. "Nopel" 75 oocyst excretion 293 northern fowl mite 381 oocyst, sporulated 146f., 316, 343, 373 nose bot fly 221,256 oocyst, unsporulated 146,292, 343 Notocotylus attenuatus 350f. open beak 376 Novidium 59 operculum 374 nuchalligament 81,279 ophthalmia, peculiar 392 nuchalligament worm 236,245 ophtalmomyiasis 259

415 opisthotonus 373 Parabronema skrjabini 36f., 152 orchitis 275 Paracooperia daubneyi 156 organophosphate 109,142,258,287,330 Parafilaria bovicola 106f., 132 oribatid mite 32, 34, 179,208 Parafilaria multipapillosa 133, 231f., 244f., 254 ormetoprim 346f. Paragonimus 297 Ornithobilharzia turkestanicum 31 Parahistomonas wenrichi 339 Ornithodoros coriaceus 329 paralysis 115,119, 186,224,229,233,247, Ornithodoros erraticus 329 285 Ornithodoros moubata 190f.,379 paralysis of the respiratory muscles 321 Ornithodoros moubata porcinus 329 paralysis, spring lamb 115,189 Ornithodoros porcinus 329 paralysis, symmetrical 247 Ornithodoros puertoricensis 329 para lysis tick 119 Ornithodoros savignyi 116, 121, 19Of., 286, paramphistomatidae 29f., 149,204 380 paramphistome 80 Ornithodoros talaje 329 paramphistomidae 92 Ornithodoros turicata 329 paramphistomidosis 29 Ornithodorus moubata 329 Paramphistomum 29f. Ornithodorus savignyi 248 Paramphistomum cervi 150 Ornithonyssus bursa 381f. Paramphistomum infection 149 Ornithonyssus sylviarum 381f. Paranoplocephala mamillana 205f.,208 Orthophagus 354 parascariasis 209 Ostertagia 40, 42f., 53, 155f., 298 Parascaris equorum 205,209f. Ostertagia circumcincta 42f., 150, 155 parasitaemia 272 Ostertagia lyra ta 42 parasitic bronchitis 97f., 180, 281 Ostertagia ostertagi 42f. paratenic host 300 Ostertagia pinnata 42,155 parbendazole 300 Ostertagia trifurcata 43, 155 paresis 224 ostertagiosis 42 paromomycin 28 otitis externa 120, 249 parthenogenic female 51f., 210, 270 otitis media 126, 194 paruterine organ 34 Otobius megnini 113, 120f., 191, 247f., 329 parvaquone 67f., 169 Oulocrepis dissimilis 386 passerine bird 368 oviduct 371 Pasteurella 381 oviduct fluke 371 Pasteurella multocida 378 ovine chewing louse 195 pasteurellosis 166f. oxfendazole 35, 49f., 52, 54, 98, 152, 166, 300, pasture management 52 357 pedicel 121 oxibendazole 300, 305 pediculosis 385 oxyclozanide 29,92,149 pendulous crop 339 Oxyspirura 392 percutaneous infection 365 Oxyspirura mansani 349, 392f. percutaneous penetration 270 Oxyspirura parvorum 392 perianal skin 211 Oxyspirura petrowi 392 peribuccal prominence 240 oxytetracycline 67,68, 74ff., 169,230,311 pericarditis, exudative 172 oxyuridae perineal region 211,257,285, 289 Oxyuris equi 205, 211f. periparturient rise 305 perirenal fat 313 p peritoneal adhesion 159 packed cell volume (PCV) 57,270, 272f. peritoneal cavity 325 paJlid comb 369 peritonitis 159,307,371 palpe 118 permethrin 129,142,330 pancoccin 347 Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) 166f. pancreatic fluke 31,] 02, 185 petechiae 55,63,227 pamropical blue tick 113 petechiation 230 papule 250 phenamidine 64 Parabronema 53 phenothiazine 54 Parabronema rhodesiense 37 Philoliche 272

416 Philomycus 351 pre-foaling treatment 210 Phormia regina 391 predator 318,391 phosmet 124, 129, 137, 142 preputial eavity 83 photophobia 105 preputial fluid 83 phoxim 142 prey 318 Phycnoscelus surinamensis 392 primaquine 368 Physocephalus 298 primary blowfly 138, 198f., 335 Physocephalus sexalatus 297ff. primate 318 pig hookworm 303 probenzimidadole 166,301 pigeon fly 392 proboseis 130f., 134f., 307 piglet, neonatal 292 Probstmayria vivipara 212 piglet, newborn 292 proglottid 34f., 95, 179 pillbug 362 progressive emaeiation 158 "pinkeye" 132 progressive weight loss 155, 286 pinworm 211f. promaeyl 142 piperazine 49,209, 300f., 366 Prosthogonimus 349, 37lf. Piroplasma bigeminum 62 Prosthogonimus cuneatus 371 Piroplasma caballi 228 Prosthogonimus macroorchis 372 Piroplasma major 63 Prosthogonimus ovatus 371 Piroplasma motasi 167 Prosthogonimus pellucidus 371 Piroplasma trautmanni 310 prostration 248 piroplasmosis 62,114,167,228,310 prothidium 273 piroplasmosis, bovine 63 protonymph 381 piroplasmosis, equine 228 protoscolex 88,95,101,186,319,322 piroplasmosis, poreine 310 protostrongylidae 181 prioplasmosis, small ruminants 167 Protostrongylus 182 pityriasis 384 Protostrongylus rufescens 157f.,18lf. plaeentitis 83 proventrieulus 339,362 Planorbis 29, 35Of. pruritus, intense 286 plant bot fly 221 pseudoeyst 106 Plasmodium 367f.,374 Pseudolynchia canariensis 392 Plasmodium durae 367 Pseudomarshallagia elongata 155 Plasmodium fallax 367 "pseudoseolex" 356 Plasmodium gallinaceum 367f. psoeid 34 Plasmodium juxtanucleare 367 Psoregates 126 Plasmodium lophurae 367 Psoregates bos 126 "plug-feeder" 216 Psorergates ovis 193f. pneumonia 180,239,301,324,376 Psoroptes 121ff. pneumonia,lobular 181 Psoroptes caprae 192 pneumonia, verminous 374 Psoroptes communis var. bovis 124 poil evil 246 Psoroptes cuniculi 192 polymerase ehain reaetion (peR) 83, 317 Psoroptes equi 249 polypnoea 321 Psoroptes hippopotis 249 polyradieuloneuritis 103 Psoroptes ovis 124, 19lf. Porcellio scaber 362 psoroptie mange 124, 192 poreine lungworm 323 psoroptie mite 124 poroeephalida 97 Pulex irritans 332ff. portal vein 80 pulmonary exudate 67 Postharmostomum commutatum 351 pupae 135 Postharmostomum gallinarum 351 pup al stage 332 Postharmostomum suis 298 pustule 331 poultry mite 380 Pycnomonas 56 po ur-on applieation 57, 129 Pycnomonas suis 309 poxvirus 286 pylorie region 256 praepupae 198 pyogenie baeteria 286 praziquantel 35,80, 94f., 152, 187,283,319, pyometra 84 351,356 pyrantel 49

417 pyrantel tartrate 54, 166, 300 Rhipicephalus bursa 61f., 114, 168ff., 227, 247 pyrethrin 142,258,330 Rhipicephalus duttoni 67,114 pyrethroid 142,258,287,336 Rhipicephalus evertsi 62, 110, 114f., 120, pyriform apparatus 33,208 168ff., 189f., 227, 247 pyrimethamine 103,317, 346f., 368f. Rhipicephalus parvus 110,247 pyrithidium bromide 225,273 Rhipicephalus pulchellus 110,247,285 Rhipicephalus sanguineus 110,247,285,310, Q 328 Q fever 118f., 191 Rhipicephalus sinus 110,310,328 QBC® method 12ff., 65 Rhipicephalus zambeziensis 67 Quaranfil virus 378 Rhodesian tick fever 67 quinacrine 368 rickettsiae 284 quinapyramine 224,226,273,309 rickettsial disease 377 quinapyramine chloride 273 rickettsial organism 230 quinapyramine dimethyl chloride 225 rickettsiale 72 quinapyramine dimethyl sulfate 225 Rift valley fever 129 quinapyramine methylsulfate 273 robenidine 348 quinapyramine prosalt 59,225f. rolitetracycline 70 quinapyramine sulfate 57,59,233,273 ronidazole 338 quinoline derivative 64 ronne! 336 quinuronium 64 roost mite 380 quinuronium sulfate 65, 168 rostellum 307 rotation program 347 R rotavirus 28 rafoxanide 92, 149,280,282 rough coat 153 Raillietia 126, 194f. round worm 53 Raillietia auris 126, 194 roxarsone 347f. Raillietia caprae 126,194 rubbing 129 Raillietina 354 ruffled feather 341 Raillietina cesticillus 349, 354 rumen fluke 26, 30f., 91f., 149 Raillietina echinobothrida 349,354 rumen gullet worm 36 Raillietina tetragona 349, 354 Rana esculenta, tadpoles of 350 S "rat-tai!" 211 Sabin-Feldman dye test 87,278,317 raw meat 316 saddle wound 289 recombinant antigens 16ff. salinomycin 348 rectal botfly 221 salinomycin sodium 293 rectum prolapse 256 Salivaria 55, 167 red louse 12 7 salivarian trypanosome 56 red lungworm 157, 181 Salmonella 132 red mite 380 samorm 59,273 red-legged tick 120 sand tampan 116, 121, 190f., 380 red-stomach worm 37,298 sanitation 134, 366 red-tailed fleshfly 139,200 "Sannare" 224 rehydration 65, 293 sarcocyst 86,277,318, 373f. relapsing fever of man 191, 379 Sarcocystis 85,172, 174f., 235, 318f., 367, renal tissue 314 373f. repellent 225 Sarcocystis arieticanis 174f. resorantel 29, 149 Sarcocystis bertrami 235 respiratory distress 317 Sarcocystis besnoiti 105 respiratory passage 376 Sarcocystis bovicanis 85ff., 87 restlessness 282, 333 Sarcocystis bovifelis 85f. Rhinoestrus purpureus 240,255,259 Sarcocystis bovihominis 85f. Rhipicephalus 62,67,75, 110, 114, 119, 168, Sarcocystis cameli 277 228,328 Sarcocystis capracanis 174f. Rhipicephalus appendiculatus 62,67,110,114, Sarcocystis cruzi 85f., 241 116, 119, 247f., 285, 310, 328 Sarcocystis equicanis 235

418 Sarcocystis fayeri 235 screwworm infection 115,335 Sarcocystis gigantea 175 scutum 110,116 Sarcocystis hircicanis 174f. sebaceous gland 194,250,331 Sarcocystis hirsuta 85f. secondary blowfly 199 Sarcocystis hominis 85f. sedimentation 92 Sarcocystis horvathi 373 sedimentation method 6ff. Sarcocystis medusiformis 175 sedimentation technique 204 Sarcocystis miescheriana 318 self-cure 152,272,224 Sarcocystis moulei 174f. self-trauma 248 Sarcocystis neuro na 235, 241 Setaria 109,231,241 Sarcocystis ovicanis 87, 174 f. Setaria contral 240 Sarcocystis ovifelis 174f. Setaria congolensis 312, 325 Sarcocystis porcifelis 318 Setaria digitata 102 Sarcocystis rileyi 373 Setaria equina 129,231, 240f., 252, 259 Sarcocystis suicanis 87, 318f. Setaria labiatopapillosa 82, lOH., 109, 129 Sarcocystis suihominis 318, 326 sexual dimorphism 362 Sarcocystis tenella 175 shaft louse 387 sarcocystosis, acute 318 sheep body louse 195f. Sarcophaga 139,200 sheep foot louse 196 Sarcophaga dux 289 sheep nasal bot 183 Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis 139, 200 sheep sca b 192 sarcophagidae 391 sheep sca b mite 191 Sarcoptes 121 ff. Shigella 132 Sarcoptes bovis 123 short-nosed cattle louse 127f. Sarcoptes equi 250 shuttle pragram 346 Sarcoptes ovis 193 "signet-ring" 61,369 Sarcoptes scabiei var. cameli 286f. simuliidae 81,90, 130 Sarcoptes suis 311, 330f. Simulium 107, 130f., 196,334,369,390 sarcoptic mange 193,250,286,287, 330f., 333 Simulium larvae 131 sarcosporidiosis 85, 174,277,367, 373f. siphonaptera 332, 389 sarcosporidiosis, bovine 85 skin biopsy 90 scab mite 249 skin contact 330 scaly leg mite 382 skin lesion 106 scaly skin 382 "skin maggot fly" 140,200 scaly skin disease 384 skin mite 384 Schistosoma 32,79,94,101,149,172 skin nodule 106, 108 Schistosoma bovis 31f., 78ff., 149, 172,230 skin-penetrating larvae 163 Schistosoma curassoni 32,79, 149, 172 skin penetration 48, 51f., 210,303 Schistosoma indicum 31, 230 skin plaque 233 Schistosoma, infection 79 skin reaction, tick-associated 286 Schistosoma intercalatum 79 skin scraping 13ff., 109, 121, 193 Schistosoma japonicum 31,230 skin, thickened 106,331 Schistosoma mattheei 32,79,149,172,230 skin trauma 141,249,257,289,327 Schistosoma nasale 231 skin vesicle 327 Schistosoma nasalis 31 skin wound 110,335 Schistosoma spindale 3lf., 230 Skrjabinagia 42 Schistosoma suis 297 Skrjabinagia lyrata 42 schistosomosis 79f., 172, 231 Skrjabinema 165 schizogony 85, 292f., 341f. Skrjabinema alata 164 schizont 67,86, 169, 175f., 262, 292, 342, 368 Skrjabinema ovis 150, 164f. scolex 35, 179 sleeping sickness 55,224 scotch tape method 10 slender louse 387 scratching 127, 129,330 Slow Release Bolus 54 screen door 336 slug 374 screening 375,390 small intestinal hair worm 154 screwworm 110,138, 246f., 254 smallliver fluke 31 screwworm fly 199 smalliungworm 181

419 small pigeon louse 387 stomach worm 212 small pinworm 212 stomatitis 222 small ruminant hookworm 162 Stomoxys 36,72, 152,213,226,272,309 small ruminant pinworm 164 Stomoxys calcitrans 133f., 197,243,254,335, small strongyle 218f. 392 small strongyle larvae 219 Stomoxys nigra 133 small strongylid 219 stratum corneum 382 snail 374 stray dog 95 sneezing 183,240,255,282 streptomycin-penicillin 75 sodium acetate formaldehyde (SAF) method strip, impregnated 336 10ff.,149 strongyle 215f. sodium-arsanilate 348 strongyle egg 305 Solenopotes capillatus 128 strongyle, thread-necked 45, 156 sore 197 strongyle-type eggs 31,37,39, 41f., 47f., 150, South African bont tick 117 153ff., 159ff., 214, 271, 298f., 303, 361 sowbug 362 strongylidae 160 spermatic artery 275 Strongyloides 270 spicula 41f. Strongyloides avium 349,365f. spinal cord 241 Strongyloides papillosus 51ff., 150, 165f., 270 spindle-shape 368 Strongyloides ransomi 303f. spinose ear tick 113, 120f., 191,248 Strongyloides westeri 205,210f. spirochaetosis 369 Strongylus 205,214f. spiruridae 36, 298, 364 Strongylus edentatus 214ff. splenomegaly 63, 77, 273, 369 Strongylus edentatus, migratory pathway of 217 sporocyst 85,234,374 Strongylus equinus 214f., 217f. sporogony 292 Strongylus equinus, migratory pathway of 217 sporozoite 67, 146, 341f. Strongylus vulgaris 214ff., 231 sporulation 341 Strongylus vulgaris, migratory route of 216 spray building 336 "stugger" 104,186,283 spraying 57 stumpy form 56 "squash" smear 77 subcutaneous mite 383 stable fly 133f., 197,392 subcutaneous nodule 106, 108 stage to stage transmission 168f. Subulina 351 stagger 183 Subulura brumpti 349,365f. staining Cryptosporidia spp. in faecal smears Subulura differens 365 9ff. Subulura suctoria 365 starter feed 346 subventrallancet 48 steatorrhoea 49 Succinea 181 Stenocrotaphagus gigas 386 sucking louse 74,128, 196,251 Stephanofilaria 109,284 sudden death 177, 304 Stephanofilaria assamensis 109 suffocation 340, 374 Stephanofilaria stilesi 109, 133 Suifilaria suis 327 Stephanopharynx compactus 30 sulfachlorpyrazine 346 Stephanurus dentatus 297, 313f., 326 sulfadiazine 317 stercoraria 60, 167,200 sulfadimethoxine 346f., 369 stibophen 80,275 sulfadimidine 24 stickfast flea 332 sulfaguanidine 24,27,148,293 sticktight flea 389 sulfamerazine 148,293 stiff leg 75 sulfamethazine 24,27,293 Stilesia 35, 152 sulfanitran 347 Stilesia globipunctata 35, 151 sulfaquinoxaline 24,27, 148, 346f. Stilesia hepatica 96, 151, 179,280 sulfonamide 24,27, 103, 148,368 Stilesia vittata 264f. sulfonilamide 106 stillbirth 317 "summer bleeding" 231,244f. stirofos 129, 142 "summer cold" 209 stocking rate 53 "summer mange" 237 stomach hair worm 40,153 summer sore 212f., 243f.

420 suramin 59,225f.,273 Tetramorium 354 suramin sodium 224 Tetratrichomonas buttreyi 296 suramin-quinapyramine 226 Tetratrichomonas gallinarum 340 suramin-quinapyrimidine complex 309 "Texas fever" 62,114 surface co at 55 "Thaga" 226 surface coat glycoprotein 55 181 surface spray 391 Theileria 65f., 68, 74 surgical wound 335 Theileria annulata 65, 69ff., 114 Surra 60,272,226 Theileria bovis 67 surveillance 218 Theileria camelensis 274f. suspensory ligament 236 Theileria hirci 169f., 189 swarm 131 Theileria lawrencei 67 sweating sickness 115f., 119, 190,247 Theileria lestoquardi 169 sweet itch 131,253 Theileria mutans 65, 70f., 114 sweet itch lesion 253 Theileria orientalis 65 f. swine fever 332 Theileria ovis 170, 189 swine influenza 301,324 Theileria parva 65, 67ff., 71,114 swine louse 331 Theileria parva, distribution of 69 swine pox virus 332 Theileria parva lawrencei 65 Syncerus caffer 65 Theileria separata 170 Syngamus 100 Theileria taurotragi 65, 72 Syngamus trachea 349,374f. Theileria velifera 65, 71f. theileriidae 65 T theileriosis 57,65, 74, 169 tabanid fly 60 theileriosis, benign bovine 70 tabanidae 57, 72, 132,309,335 theileriosis, bovine 67 Tabanus 60,132,197,226,253 theileriosis, mild ovine 170 tachyzoite 88, 103, 316 theileriosis of small ruminants 170 Taenia 88,95 Thelazia 132,143,254,289 Taenia hyaenae 89,278 Thelazia lacrymalis 258f. Taenia hydatigena 101,184,238,240,281,323 Thelazia leesei 289 Taenia multiceps 104, 18M., 283 Thelazia rhodesi 31, 143, 289 Taenia ovis 176f. thelaziosis 14 3 Taenia saginata 88f., 107, 176,320 thiabendazole 52,54,94, 166, 300 Taenia solium 319f.,326 thiophanate 94 Taenia solium, cerebral cyst of 320 Thomix contorta 360 tahaga 272 "thorny headed worm" 307 taillouse 128 threadworm 210 tail root 197 throat bot fly 221,256 tampan, eyed 380 thromboembolic colic 215 tampan, eyeless 190, 329 thrombosis 215,231,313 tapeworm 88, 20M., 352 thrombus 215f. tapeworm, control of 152 Thysaniezia 35, 152 tarsal sucker 121 Thysaniezia giardi 151 Teladorsagia circumcincta 155 Thysaniezia ovilla 34, lSOf. Teladorsagia trifurcata 155 tick control 258 temporary lameness 215 tick control in camels 286 te na city 50 tick control in cattle 121 termite 364 tick control in sheep and goats 191 terrestrial snail 325 tick control in swine 329 tertiary blowfly 199 tick fever 62 tetrachlorvinphos 142, 336 tick, indentification of 111 tetracycline 70, 74f., 230, 311 tick infestation 110 Tetrameres 362f., 366 tick paralysis 115,117,119, 189f., 247, 328f., Tetrameres americana 349, 362f. 378 Tetrameres fissispina 362f. tick spirochaetosis 115 tetramisole 366 tick toxicosis 115

421 .... tick worry 1 18 Trichostrongylus 41,53,150,154 ticks, catde 109ff. Trichostrongylus axei 40f., 153f., 214, 301 ticks, dromedaries 284ff. Trichostrongylus capri cola 154 ticks, horses and donkeys 246ff. Trichostrongylus colubriformis 4lf., 150, 154 ticks, poultry 377ff. Trichostrongylus falculatus 154 ticks, sheep and goats 188ff. Trichostrongylus probolurus 154 ticks, swine 327ff. Trichostrongylus rugatus 154 tissue culture 317 Trichostrongylus tenuis 361f. tissue cyst 176, 186 Trichostrongylus vitrinus 154f. Tocoplasma gondii 235, 241 Trichuris 50f., 164,270,304 toltrazuril 24, 27, 148, 346f. Trichuris cameli 269 "tongue worm" 97 Trichuris discolor 50 torticollis 373 Trichuris, eggs 305 toxaphene 124, 142 Trichuris globulosa 50, 150, 163f., 269 toxicosis, general 116, 190, 248 Trichuris ovis 50, 163f., 269 toxicosis, tick-borne 115f. Tricburis raoi 269 toxin, epitheliotropic 115,248 Trichuris skrjabini 51,164,269 toxin, paralytic 378 Trichuris suis 297, 304f. Toxocara 49 triclabendazole 29, 92, 280 Toxocara vitulorum 31,49,50 trimethoprime 24, 103, 148, 368 Toxoplasma cyst 316f. Triodontophorus 218,220 Toxoplasma gondii 103, 172, 176, 186, 277f., Triodontophorus tenuicollis 205 316ff., 326, 367, 373f. Tritrichomonas foetus 83f. Toxoplasma gondii, tissue cyst of 277 Tritrichomonas suis 296 Toxoplasma infection 176 trophozoite 105,149,170,295,316 Toxoplasma-like organism 105 tropical bont tick 117 toxoplasmosis 317 tropical brown chicken louse 387 toxoplasmosis of avian 373 tropical catde tick 118 transcutaneous penetration 303 tropical fowl mite 38lf. transmission of diseases 391 tropical fowl mite, infestation 382 transmission, transplacental 103, 311 tropicallarge liver fluke 30 transmission, trans-stadial 67, 74 tropical wing louse 387 transovarian 168f. trypamidium 59,273 transovarian transmission 61ff., 113, 227f., 247 trypan blue 64 transport host 314,374 trypanocidal drug 57f., 225 traumatic hepatitis 184 trypanocide 59 trichina cyst 320 Trypanosoma 74,224,367 trichina worm 304, 320 Trypanosoma avium 367 Trichinella 321, 326 Trypanosoma brucei 55ff., 136, 167, 197, Trichinella britovi 304, 320 224ff., 274, 310 Trichinella nativa 304, 320f. Trypanosoma brucei evansi 60,272 Trichinella nelsoni 304, 320 Trypanosoma congolense 55f., 58, 60, 136, 167, Trichinella pseudospiralis 304, 320 197, 224f., 274, 309 Trichinella spiralis 304, 320f. Trypanosoma congolense simiae 309 Trichinella spiralis, larvae 321 Trypanosoma cruzi 58 trichlorfon 80, 137, 142,282,336 Trypanosoma equiperdum 56,58,227, 233f. Trichomitus rotunda 296 Trypanosoma evansi 56, 59f., 134, 197,226, trichomonad 83f., 296f. 272ff.,310 Trichomonas 340 Trypanosoma gallinarum 367 Trichomonas foetus 83 Trypanosoma melophagium 167, 200 Trichomonas gallinae 339f.,374 Trypanosoma porci 309 Trichomonas gallinarum 340 Trypanosoma simiae 56,136,197 Trichomonas rotunda 296 Trypanosoma suis 56, 309 trichomonosis 374 Trypanosoma theileri 56,58, 60f., 141, 167 trichomonosis, avian 339 Trypanosoma vivax 55f., 58,136,167,197, Trichonema 205,218 224,274,310 trichostrongylid 35,43,50, 150, 153,298 trypanosomatidae 55

422 trypanosome 50,55,254 weight loss 156,162,272,274,305 trypanosomosis 55,5~ 132, 13~ 16~ 19~ Werneckiella 251 225f.,311 Werneckiella equi asini 251 trypanosomosis, avian 367 Werneckiella equi equi 250 trypanosomosis, equine 225 West African Shorthorn 57 "trypanotolerance" 5 7 West Nile 378 Trypanozoon 56,60,272 wet season 141 tsetse belt 57 whipworm 50,163,304 tsetse fly 55, 134f., 197,254,274 white spot 344 tsetse trap 13 6 whiter, fistulous 246 tsetse-transmitted trypanosomosis 55,57, 167, whole-body spray 141 224,274 wild suids 321 tuberculosis 374,391 wing louse 387 tularemia 118 winter cyathostominosis 220 tumbu boil 140 wire worm 37 tumbu fly 140, 200 wither, fistulous 246 tumour-like swelling 212 withdrawal 366 Tunga penetrans 332f. Wohlfartia 139f., 200 tunica media 81 Wohlfartia magnifica 140,200,289 Turkey Viral Hepatitis 349 Wohlfartia nuba 289 turkey 338 wool break 192, 196 twisted wire worm 37, 152 wool production, decreased 155 tyewde 76, 172 worm, filaroid 327 "wormy-horse" 219f. U wound dressing 336 ulcer 218,295 ulceration, abomasal 70 X ulceration of the cornea 258 Xerophila 298 ulcerative dermatitis 197,254 undulating membrane 56, 60 y ungulate 72 "Y"-shaped 375 uterine discharge 83 uveitis 246 Z 94,181 V Zebu 55 vaccine 177 Ziehl-Neelsen's carbol-fuchsine, modified 28 vaginal discharge 233 zigzag worm 35 vaginal fluid 83 zoo penguin 367 vaginal myiasis 289 zoonosls 28 vaginitis 83 zygote 293 vela 170 venereal disease 227,233 vent 385 verminous arteritis 216 verminous endarteritis 215 "verminous haemorrhagic dermatitis" 106 "verminous nodules" 106f. Vero cell 317 vulva 285 vulva flap 37,38

W warble fly 90, 136f., 255 warthog 297,300,309,329 waterfowl 368 weak-born calf 103 weaning 24

423