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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-46076-8 - The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume VII c. –c. Edited by Christopher Allmand Index More information INDEX Note: concepts such as army, monarchy and trade Agricola, Rudolf 228, 270 are indexed as general concepts and also under agriculture individual countries and regions. arable 107–8, 112–13, 114, 117, 154, 421, 571 crop rotations 119 Abelard, Peter 262 industrial crops 114, 119, 154 Aberdeen University 221 n. 4, 234, 530 intensive husbandry 117 Absentee Acts, Ireland 499 and nobility 117–19 absolutism pastoral 107–8, 112–13, 114, 117, 118, 508, 571, growth of 407, 408, 644, 837–8 609, 673, 780 and law 19, 81 and population decline 107–12, 157, 369, 421, ‘mystical’ 418–19 671 papal 78, 83 productivity 119–20, 157, 421 and taxation 417 regional variations 110–13 Acceptatio of Mainz (1439) 72 sharecropping 112, 158 Acciaiuoli, Angelo 565 smallholdings 110, 112, 117, 759 Acciaiuoli, Donato 252 subsistence 757 Accolti, Benedetto 251–2, 257 and trade 113, 154 Achaea, Latin principality 780, 801–2 see also landholding; peasants; transhumance Der Ackermann aus Böhmen 279 Agrippa of Nettesheim 313 Act of Accord (1460) 474 aides (taxes) 399, 403, 417, 436 Act of Revocation 527 Ailly, Pierre d’ 13 Act of Union (1536) 532, 546 geographical treatise 184 Adalbert of Brudzewo 746 and Papacy and councils 66, 79–80, 83, 85, 329 Adolf VIII, duke of Holstein, count of Alamire, Pierre 326 n. 22 Schleswig 680, 684, 687, 689 Albania, and Ottoman Empire 716, 810, 819, 821, Adolf I of Cleves 440, 442 824, 826 Adolf IV of Cleves 94 Albanians Adorno of Phocaea 819 and Byzantium 780–1, 784, 794 advertising, and printing industry 297 and Venice 816 Aegean islands, and Latin settlements 798, 805–6, Albert II, king of the Romans 3, 73, 348, 389, 440 810–11 as Albert I of Hungary 713–14, 735, 738 Aelian, Tactics 173, 174 and Ottoman Empire 343, 355–6, 714 Afonso III of Portugal 630 Albert I of Austria 650 Afonso V of Portugal 630, 632, 639, 641–2, 644 Albert IV of Austria 356 Africa, European exploration of 160, 176, 187, Albert V of Austria see Albert II, king of the 189, 190–2, 637, 641–3 Romans Agen, and representation 47 Albert I of Hungary see Albert II, king of the Agincourt, battle of (1415) 3, 437, 458, 461–2 Romans Agnadello, battle of (1509) 429 Albert Achilles of Brandenburg 359, 363, 390 Agricola, Alexander 325 Albert the Brave of Saxony 344 995 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-46076-8 - The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume VII c. –c. Edited by Christopher Allmand Index More information 996 Index Alberti, Leon Battista 142, 250, 255, 275, 276, 301, Amboise, Louis d’ 419 306, 311 Amerbach, Hans 294 Momus 25 Americas and nature 313–15, 316 and Columbus 196–7, 616, 618 treatises 306–7, 314 pre-Columbian discoveries in 183, 193 Albrecht of Sweden 674, 675–6 Spanish colonisation in 197, 200 Albret, Alain d’ 413, 414 and trade 160 Albret, Jean d’, king of Navarre 417 and Vespucci 198 Alcántara, Order of 595, 615 see also Atlantic Aled, Tudur 538 Amiroutzes, George, of Trebizond 783, 786, Aleksii, Metropolitan 766–7, 768, 769 791–3, 795 Aleman, Louis 329 Anatolia and Papacy and councils 71, 76, 81 and civil unrest 817–19, 829 Alençon, Jean, duc d’ 403, 406, 409 and crusades 824 Alexander V,Pope (Peter Philarge) and defeat of Ottomans 774, 812–13, 815 and Council of Pisa 66, 351 and interregnum period 816–20 education of 810 organisation of state 820–2 Alexander VI, Pope (Rodrigo Borgia) 78, 428, Ottoman rule in 781, 796, 800, 805, 815–22 569, 575, 586 and trade 811 Alexander Jagiel--lo of Lithuania 739, 756 Andalusia Alexios III, Grand Komnenos 791 and exploration 185, 200 Alfonso V of Aragon 442, 595, 613 and trade 611–12 and Barcelona 603 Andlau, Peter von 20 and Byzantium 801 Andrew of Wyntoun 515–16 and court culture 578 Angeli, Jacques 230 and Mediterranean expansion 595–6 Angelico, Fra 312 and Naples 73, 557, 558, 574–5, 576–81, 595–6, Angevin Empire 394, 454 604–5 as extended state 5, 409 and ‘pactism’ 597 and Hungary 352, 709, 712, 729–30 and Papacy 73, 577, 578–80 and Naples 550, 558, 565, 567, 568, 573, and politics 594 575–80, 586 and serfs 598 and Poland 729–30 Alfonso X of Castile–León, and succession 40 and Sicily 40–1 Alfonso IX of León, and representation 39, 43 Anghiari, battle of (1440) 557 Alfonso VII of Spain, and representation 39 Anjou Alfonso ‘XII’ of Castile 616 and French kingdom 4, 394–5, 398, 411–12, Alfonso of Naples 413, 451 as duke of Calabria 583–5, 586 and Provence 341 and warfare 168, 170 see also Angevin Empire Algirdas of Lithuania 731 Ankara, battle of (1402) 3, 771–4, 778, 800 Aljubarrota, battle of (1385) 629, 635, 636 aftermath of 812–15 Allmand, C.T. 403 annates 71, 74, 357 Almain, Jacques, and conciliar supremacy 84, 85 Anne of Brittany 413, 414, 424, 492–3 almshouses, founding 143 Anne of Burgundy 93, 397 Alsace annuities, in France 418 and Burgundy 452, 454, 455 Antequera, capture from Moors 3, 612 and Empire 337, 346–7, 354–5 Anthony of Brabant 431 and Swiss Confederation 662, 663 anti-clericalism 216, 569 Alsatian League 649 Antipodes, mapping and discovery 182, 184, 195 Alvisio (architect) 767 antiquarianism, and humanism 265 Alvsson, Knut 696–7 Antoine, Bastard of Burgundy 441, 442, 444, 445 Amadeus VIII of Savoy 556, 562 Antoninus of Florence, St and marriage 93, 433 Opera a ben vivere 209 see also Felix V,Pope Summa confessionum 289 ambassadors 7, 171, 836 Antonios IV,Patriarch 771, 774, 776 and conciliarism and Papacy 76 Antwerp Amboise, Georges d’ 416, 428 and Burgundy 451 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-46076-8 - The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume VII c. –c. Edited by Christopher Allmand Index More information Index 997 development of 125, 133–4, 446 aristocracy see nobility and trade 148, 152, 153, 160, 424, 448–9 Aristotle Appenzell war 351, 654–5 and education 229 apprenticeship 228, 241 and ethics 262 and the arts 304, 330–1 influence of 81, 233, 266, 268, 271, 273, 563 Aquinas, Thomas and politics 11, 24, 37, 263 influence of 12, 251, 262 and scholasticism 777 and politics 11, 13, 19, 263 Arkinholm, battle of (1455) 525 see also scholasticism Armagnacs 4, 392, 395, 400, 403, 411 Aquitaine, and Anglo-Burgundian monarchy and Burgundy 411, 437–8, 462 394, 463 and Charles VII 392, 395, 405, 437 Arab world, and trade 177 and Lancastrians 400, 462–3 Aragon 588–605, 589 Armenian Church 786, 788, 825 absolutism in 598, 604, 618–19, 838 army, private, France 399–400 agriculture 593, 596 army, professional 162, 163–6, 173 and Castile 4, 35–6, 600–1, 604–5, 613–15 and centralisation of command 162–3 consejo of 604 and desertion 165 and economy 603 and Empire 354 industry 596 length of service in 165 and Italian city-states 550–1, 557–8 and taxation 6 Mediterranean expansion 595–6, 605 see also artillery; cavalry; infantry; mercenaries; monarchy of; and authority 604; confederation soldiers 591–3; dual 600–1, 604–5, 606, 616; and Arnolfini, Giovanni 405 household 592, 594; and ‘pactism’ 596–8, Arras 599, 604; and representation 40–1; Peace of (1435) 71, 397, 439, 440, 450, 465–6, residence in Naples 577–8, 596, 597; and 662 succession 588–91, 613 Treaty of (1482) 411, 455, 488 national history 27 Ars praedicandi 206–7 nobility of 96, 588, 590–1, 593, 597 art and Papacy 66, 67–8, 72, 73, 577–80 and Antiquity 316–18 peasantry of 601 commemorative 307–10 political structure 591–5 and diversity of styles 299–300 and Portugal 638, 639 Gothic 213, 299, 301–2, 303, 313, 747 and representation 35–6, 40–1, 50, 592–4 Italian 305–7, 313–14, 563, 584 and taxation 602 music as 321 towns and cities of 40–1, 602 and nature 300, 302–3, 307, 313–16 and trade 131, 549, 596 neo-classical 299 war with Castile 50 northern European 213, 283–4, 285, 300–4, see also Alfonso V; Castile; Catalonia; 312, 313–14 Ferdinand V; Fernando I; Joan II of Polish 747 Aragon; Naples; Sicily; Valencia and realism 283, 300 archers, in warfare 166, 167, 172, 399–400, 415 religious 213–14, 303–4, 312–13 architecture 299–318 Russian 755, 757, 767–8 ecclesiastical 301, 314 secular 310–12 English 301, 313 see also perspective; proportion Gothic 213, 301, 313, 723, 747, 809 Arthur, prince of Wales 492, 544, 545 Italian 75, 305–7, 310, 563, 572, 584 artillery 5, 167, 168–9, 171–2, 173, 174, 401, 415, military 130, 169, 809 643, 693, 809 northern European 301, 426 artisans Perpendicular 301 Burgundian 446–7 Russian 755, 757, 767 French 424 and sculpture 302 artist, status 307, 315, 835 Arezzo, Filippo di 259 Artois Arezzo, Geri d’ 253 and Burgundy 431, 433, 435–6, 455 Argyll, Archibald, earl of 521 and Empire 5, 342, 413 Argyll, Colin, earl of 521, 524 and representation 51 Argyropoulos, Johannes 268–9 extent of 133 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-46076-8 - The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume VII c.