DOCSLIB.ORG

Urban Coastal Settlements: Implementation of a Coastal Area Assessment Model in Iskenderun Case

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Urban Coastal Settlements: Implementation of a Coastal Area Assessment Model in Iskenderun Case URBAN COASTAL SETTLEMENTS: IMPLEMENTATION OF A COASTAL AREA ASSESSMENT MODEL IN ISKENDERUN CASE A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY BİLGE ÇAKIR IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN CITY AND REGIONAL PLANNING AUGUST 2010 i Approval of the thesis: URBAN COASTAL SETTLEMENTS: IMPLEMENTATION OF A COASTAL AREA ASSESSMENT MODEL IN ISKENDERUN CASE submitted by BİLGE ÇAKIR in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in City and Regional Planning Department, Middle East Technical University by, Prof. Dr. Canan ÖZGEN Dean, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Prof. Dr. Melih ERSOY Head of Department, City and Regional Planning Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nil UZUN Supervisor, City and Regional Planning Dept., METU Prof. Dr. Ahmet Cevdet YALÇINER Co-Supervisor, Civil Engineering Dept., METU Examining Committee Members: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Baykan GÜNAY City and Regional Planning Dept., METU Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nil UZUN City and Regional Planning Dept., METU Prof. Dr. Can E. BALAS Civil Engineering Dept., Gazi University Prof. Dr. Ruşen KELEŞ Faculty of Political Sciences, Ankara University Assoc. Prof. Dr. H. Çağatay KESKİNOK City and Regional Planning Dept., METU Date: 03.08.2010 I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last Name : Bilge ÇAKIR Signature : iii ABSTRACT URBAN COASTAL SETTLEMENTS: IMPLEMENTATION OF A COASTAL AREA ASSESSMENT MODEL IN ISKENDERUN CASE Çakır, Bilge Ph.D., Department of City and Regional Planning Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nil Uzun Co-Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Ahmet Cevdet Yalçıner August 2010, 306 pages Coastal urban settlements require a special planning approach since they bring the concepts of “urban” and “coastal” together. In relation to the specific contents of these concepts, there are also different models of management plans. “Urban Disaster Risk Management” and “Integrated Coastal Zone Management” are two of them. Urban Disaster Risk Management model deals with the planning and management problems of urban settlements in the case of disaster risk conditions. Likewise, Integrated Coastal Zone Management model focuses on the whole coastal area and deals with the sustainable use and protection of all types of coastal resources. However, in case of urban coastal settlements, these models of management plans can be valid together, can overlap, and they can even conflict with each other. In this thesis study, these two models of management plan and their coexistence are considered. A Coastal Area Assessment Model is set up and applied for Iskenderun case. This model provides a detailed spatial analysis opportunity in planning and management of coastal urban settlement. Therefore the model offers a significant input for the planning process through determining urban and coastal risks at the same time. Coastal Area Assessment Model is a tool which takes both Urban Disaster Risk Management and iv Integrated Coastal Zone Management models’ concerns into account and evaluates the coastal settlement in terms of urban risk sectors and coastal management issues. This study also introduces an approach on classification of the coastal areas and coastal urban settlements while setting up the Coastal Area Assessment Model. Coastal Area Assessment Model becomes an advantageous tool since it has significant contributions to the planning process by making a simple risk analysis and guiding the proper utilization and protection of the population, built environment, and resources of the coastal areas. Risk sectors, coastal management issues, critical and prior intervention areas of a coastal urban settlement are easily determined, and preparation of development plans of a coastal settlement is guided by the implementation of Coastal Area Assessment Model. In addition to these, general principles on planning and management of coastal settlements are determined by the implementation of the model for the implementation conditions of Urban Disaster Risk Management model, Integrated Coastal Zone Management model, and the Coastal Area Assessment Model in Turkey are also discussed and presented. Key Words: Coastal Uses, Coastal Classification, Urban Disaster Risk Management, Integrated Coastal Zone Management, Coastal Area Assessment Model, Urban Land-Use Planning, Coastal Development, Iskenderun. v ÖZ KENTSEL KIYI YERLEŞMELERİ: BİR KIYI ALANI DEĞERLENDİRME MODELİNİN İSKENDERUN ÖRNEĞİNDE UYGULANMASI Çakır, Bilge Doktora, Şehir ve Bölge Planlama Bölümü Tez Yöneticisi: Doç. Dr. Nil Uzun Ortak Tez Yöneticisi: Prof. Dr. Ahmet Cevdet Yalçıner Ağustos 2010, 306 sayfa Kentsel kıyı yerleşmeleri, “kentsellik” ve “kıyı” kavramlarını biraraya getirmesi bakımından özellikli bir planlama yaklaşımını gerektiren alanlardır. Her iki kavramın kendine özgü içerikleri nedeni ile ortaya çıkmış çeşitli yönetim planı modelleri de bulunmaktadır. “Kentsel Afet Riskleri Yönetimi” ve “Bütünleşik Kıyı Alanları Yönetimi” modelleri bunlardan ikisidir. Kentsel Afet Riskleri Yönetimi, afet riskleri koşullarına karşı kentsel yerleşmenin planlanması ve yönetimi sorunları ile ilgilenir. Benzer şekilde, Bütünleşik Kıyı Alanları Yönetimi de kıyı alanının tümüne odaklanır ve her türlü kıyı kaynağının sürdürülebilir kullanımı ve korunması ile ilgilenir. Ancak kentsel kıyı yerleşmelerinde bu iki modelinin aynı alanda geçerli olması, çakışması ve hatta çatışması durumları ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu tez çalışmasında kentsel kıyı yerleşmeleri için söz konusu olan bu iki yönetim planı modelinden ve bunların birlikteliğinden yola çıkılarak, kentsel kıyı yerleşmelerinin planlanması ve yönetiminde detaylı bir mekansal analiz olanağı sunan, planlama sürecine önemli girdi sağlayan, kentsel ve kıyısal risklerin belirlenmesine olanak sunan, ayrıca da söz konusu iki yönetim planı modelinin birlikte uygulanabilirliğini sağlayan bir araç olarak Kıyı Alanı Değerlendirme Modeli süreci geliştirmiş ve bu süreç İskenderun kenti için uygulamıştır. Kıyı Alanı Değerlendirme Modeli, hem Kentsel Afet Riskleri Yönetimi hem de Bütünleşik Kıyı Alanları Yönetimi modellerinin kaygılarını hesaba katmakta ve kıyı vi yerleşmesini kentsel risk sektörleri ve kıyı yönetimi konuları bakımından değerlendirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Kıyı Alanı Değerlendirme Modeli’nin geliştirilmesi sürecinde kıyı alanlarının ve kıyı yerleşmelerinin sınıflandırılmasına yönelik de bir yaklaşım sunulmaktadır. Bu sınıflama yaklaşımı ile, Kentsel Afet Riskleri Yönetimi ve Bütünleşik Kıyı Alanları Yönetimi modellerinin temel kaygıları Kıyı Alanı Değerlendirme Modeli’nin ana hatları oluşturmaktadır. Uygulama sonucunun değerlendirilmesi ile, geliştirilen Kıyı Alanı Değerlendirme Modeli’nin planlama sürecine ciddi katkı koyarak basit bir risk analizi yapması, kıyı alanlarındaki nüfusun, kaynakların ve yapılı çevrenin hem korunması hem de doğru kullanılmasını yönlendiren bir araç olması avantajları ortaya koyulmuştur. Kıyı Alanı Değerlendirme Modeli’nin uygulanması ile; risk sektörleri, kıyı yönetimi konuları, kentsel kıyı yerleşmesinin ciddi ve öncelikli müdahale gerektiren parçaları kolaylıkla belirlenmekte ve kıyı yerleşmesinin imar planlarının hazırlanması yönlendirilmektedir. Ayrıca İskenderun örneğindeki özel uygulamadan yola çıkarak kentsel kıyı yerleşimlerinin planlanması ve yönetimine ilişkin genel ilkeler çıkarılmış, oluşturulan model ve Kentsel Afet Riskleri Yönetimi ile Bütünleşik Kıyı Alanları Yönetimi plan modellerinin Türkiye’deki işlerlik koşulları ve gereklilikleri tartışılarak ortaya koyulmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kıyı Kullanımları, Kıyı Sınıflama, Kentsel Afet Riski Yönetimi, Bütünleşik Kıyı Alanları Yönetimi, Kıyı Alanı Değerlendirme Modeli, Kentsel Arazi Kullanım Planlaması, Kıyı Gelişimi, İskenderun. vii To my beloved parents; Huriye and Şehinşah Arslan viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author would like to express her initial and deepest gratitude to her precious supervisor, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nil Uzun, for the motivation she provided in getting along the whole process of the study; for her valuable contributions, careful assessment, insight, criticism, guidance, toleration, compassion; and above all, for her endless patience. The author is very lucky for getting the chance of studying with her. There is no mistake in saying that Mrs. Uzun’s great willingness has taken this study to a successful end. The author would like to express sincere thanks to Prof. Dr. Ahmet C. Yalçıner, Prof. Dr. Can E. Balas and Assoc. Prof. Dr. H. Çağatay Keskinok for their valuable guidance, criticisms and encouragements throughout the study. The author also would like to express her gratitude to the other examining committee members; Prof. Dr. Ruşen Keleş and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Baykan Günay, for their helpful criticisms and contributions. Special thanks are devoted to Prof. Dr. Murat Balamir, Prof. Dr. Erdal Özhan, Prof. Dr. Ayşen Ergin, and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Şule Güneş (from METU); Dr. Rıfat Tür (from Akdeniz University), Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hakan Doygun (from Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University); Azim Şahin, Mesut Cihan, and Hülya Yalvaç (from Iskenderun Municipality); M. Remzi Sönmez, Bilgi Akbal and Okay Adem (from DAMPO Ltd. Co.), Mesut Çakır (from ISDEMİR), Ali Rıza Demirel (from Bank of Provinces), Dr. Hakan Maraş and Kamil Meşe
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Socio-Economic Overview and Analyses of New Income Generation Activities at Turkish Aegean Mpas T.C.T.C
    T.C.T.C. ÇEVREÇEVRE VEVE ŞEHİRCİLİKŞEHİRCİLİK BBAKANLIĞIAKANLIĞI Empowered lives. Resilient nations. The socio-economic overview and analyses of new income generation activities at Turkish Aegean MPAs T.C.T.C. ÇÇEVREEVRE V VEE Ş ŞEHİRCİLİKEHİRCİLİK BAKANLIĞIBAKANLIĞI Empowered lives. Resilient nations. The socio-economic overview and analyses of new income generation activities at Turkish Aegean MPAs Project: Strengthening the system of the Marine and Coastal Protected Areas of Turkey 2011 Prepared by Ekin Keskin, Esra Başak, Uğur Yolak, Lee Thomas, Camille Bann © 2011 Ministry of Environment and Urbanization General Directorate of Natural Assets Protection (GDNAP) Alparslan Türkeş Cad. 31. Sok. No.10 06510 Beştepe/Yenimahalle/Ankara Tel: +90 312 222 12 34 Fax: +90 312 222 26 61 http://www.csb.gov.tr/gm/tabiat United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Birlik Mahallesi 415. Cadde No. 11 06610 Çankaya/Ankara Tel: +90 312 454 1100 Fax: +90 312 496 1463 www.undp.org.tr Empowered Lives. Resilient Nations. This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profi t purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. GDNAP or UNDP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale of for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without permission in writing from GDNAP or UNDP. For bibliographic purposes this text may be referred as: Keskin, E., Başak, E., Yolak, U., Thomas, L., Bann, Camille (2011). The socio-economic overview and analyses of new income generation activities at Turkish Aegean MPAs.
    [Show full text]
  • Structural Analysis Example of Steel Construction Greenhouses Çelik
    Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi European Journal of Science and Technology Sayı 16, S. 61-68, Ağustos 2019 No. 16, pp. 61-68, August 2019 © Telif hakkı EJOSAT’a aittir Copyright © 2019 EJOSAT Araştırma Makalesi www.ejosat.com ISSN:2148-2683 Research Article Structural Analysis Example of Steel Construction Greenhouses Burak Saltuk1* 1 Department of Biosystem Engineering, University of Siirt, Turkey (ORCID: 0000-0001-8673-9372) (İlk Geliş Tarihi 26 Mart 2019 ve Kabul Tarihi 1 Mayıs 2019) (DOI: 10.31590/ejosat.544986) ATIF/REFERENCE: Saltuk, B. (2019) Structural Analysis Example Steel Construction Greenhouses European Journal of Science and Technology, (16), 61-68. Abstract The greenhouse is an agricultural structure which provides the necessary growth factors for plant production and enables the mechanization of the crops. Greenhouse cultivation is one of the most important income generating branches of agriculture. Nowadays, computer software’s are used for anything as it is being used for planning greenhouses, more robust construction and economical results are obtained this way. Business owners, investing their money in greenhouses, are copying the structural features of existing greenhouses with all wrong calculated parameters and errors. Leaving their valuable cash and future of their investment in the hands of an iron-smith. As a result, the greenhouses which are built without static and strength calculations, more materials are used, or insecure constructions are being applied. When an economic loss occurs depending on structural damage, it will unavoidably lead to economic losses for farmers and implicitly for the country. This study, emphasizes the structural Analysis of a one-span glass covered gable-roofed greenhouse, having an area of 720 m2 located in Antalya province.
    [Show full text]
  • The Synopsis of the Genus Trigonella L. (Fabaceae) in Turkey
    Turkish Journal of Botany Turk J Bot (2020) 44: 670-693 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/botany/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/bot-2004-63 The synopsis of the genus Trigonella L. (Fabaceae) in Turkey 1, 2 2 Hasan AKAN *, Murat EKİCİ , Zeki AYTAÇ 1 Biology Department, Faculty of Art and Science, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey 2 Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey Received: 25.04.2020 Accepted/Published Online: 23.11.2020 Final Version: 30.11.2020 Abstract: In this study, the synopsis of the taxa of the genus Trigonella in Turkey is presented. It is represented with 34 taxa in Turkey. The name of Trigonella coelesyriaca was misspelled to Flora of Turkey and the correct name of this species, Trigonella caelesyriaca, was given in this study. The endemic Trigonella raphanina has been reduced to synonym of T. cassia and T. balansae is reduced to synonym of T. corniculata. In addition, T. spruneriana var. sibthorpii is reevaluated as a distinct species. Lectotypification was designated forT. capitata, T. spruneriana and T. velutina. Neotypification was decided for T. cylindracea and T. cretica species. Trigonella taxa used to be represented by 52 taxa in the Flora of Turkey. However, they have later been evaluated by different studies under 32 species (34 taxa) in Turkey. In this study, taxonomic notes, diagnostic keys are provided and general distribution as well as their conservation status of each species within the genus in Turkey is given. Key words: Anatolia, lectotype, Leguminosae, neotype, systematic 1. Introduction graecum L. (Fenugreek) were known and used for different The genus Trigonella L.
    [Show full text]
  • St George's Academy Geography OCR B
    St George’s Academy Geography OCR B REVISION BOOKLET – Distinctive Landscapes Name: _______________________ Class teacher: _____________Tutor Group ______ PERSONAL LEARNING CHECKLIST The first thing to do whenever you start revising is to find out what you know and what you aren’t as confident on. Complete the table below by shading or ticking the correct ranking for your confidence level. 1 = Not confident at all 4 = Really confident and I can prove it! Distinctive Landscapes 1 2 3 4 1. What are the key words? 2. What is a distinctive landscape? 3. What are the upland and lowland landscapes like in the UK? 4. How does geology influence the landscape of the UK? 5. How does climate influence the landscape of the UK? 6. How does human activity influence the landscape of the UK? 7. What are the geomorphic processes that affect the UK landscape? 8. What coastal landforms are caused by erosion? 9. What coastal landforms are caused by deposition? 10. What is coastal management? 11. Coastal Case Study – Hunstanton – Norfolk Coastline 12. What is a river basin? 13. What features are found along a river’s long profile? 14. River Case Study – River Tees Once you have this grid completed you will have a good idea of where you will want to focus your revision. The following booklet will help you in all areas but you will want to focus more on the areas where you are less confident in your extra revision slots Task 1 – What are the Key Words? Abrasion Aquifer Arch Attrition Backwash Bay Beach Beach nourishment Biological weathering Abrasion Aquifer
    [Show full text]
  • Domates Tarihine Damga Vuracak
    Vilmorin Anadolu Tohumculuk & Genta Kurumsal Yayını paydaşOCAK 2011 SAYI: 1 Yetiştiriciler Bali f1’in İlmini Çözdü! Örtü Altı Çeşitler Alkışı Hakediyor Aradığımız Her Şey Onda Var bu çesitler domates tarihine damga vuracak SUNUŞSUNUŞ Değerli Paydaş’ım Merhaba, Elinizde tuttuğunuz dergi aracılığı ile bambaşka bir mecrada, Vilmorin Anadolu To- humculuk (VAT) ve GENTA şirketleri adına ilk defa sizlerle beraber olmaktan çok mutluyum. Kurucu ortakları olarak her iki şirketin yaklaşık 25 senelik gelişimlerini ya- şayan en yakın tanığıyım; tek kişi ile başlayan bu yolculuk, günümüzde doğrudan istihdam olarak 84, tekel hakkı verdiğimiz satıcılarımız da göz önüne alındığında 100 kişiyi aşan bir istihdam, 20 milyon Euro’ya yakla- şan toplam ciro büyüklüğü ile bana çok büyük mutluluk veren dina- mik bir yapıya ulaşmıştır. 1986 yılında Fransa’da yerleşik dünyanın en eski tohum firması olan VILMORIN’in (kuruluşu 1742) iştiraki ile kurulmuş olan Anadolu To- hum öncelikle geçimini üretimden sağlayan yetiştiricilere tohum arz etmeyi hedeflemişse de, 1998 yılından itibaren ek olarak ülke- mizde faaliyete başlayan Yapı Marketler aracılığı ile zevk bahçecileri- ne (hobby - amatör) yönelik muhtelif ürünleri de pazara sunmaya başlamış- tır. 2007 yılında çoğunluk hisselerini kendilerine devretmem sonucu şirket dünyanın 4’üncü bü- yük tohum grubu olan ve sermayesi bir üretici kooperatifi tarafından kontrol edilen Limagrain Holding’e geçerek, VAT firması oluşmuştur. GENTA ise kurulduğu 1989 yılından itibaren yüzde 100 Türk sermayesi ile üreticilerin gereksi- nim duyduğu ve VAT tarafından karşılanamayan ürünler konusunda faaliyet göstermiş ve gös- termektedir. Sermaye yapıları değişmesine karşın ortak irade ile her iki şirket günümüzde de 2007’den önce olduğu gibi tam bir sinerji ve uyum içinde faaliyetlerini sürdürmekte ve güçlerini paylaşmaktadır- lar.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterisation and Prediction of Large-Scale, Long-Term Change of Coastal Geomorphological Behaviours: Final Science Report
    Characterisation and prediction of large-scale, long-term change of coastal geomorphological behaviours: Final science report Science Report: SC060074/SR1 Product code: SCHO0809BQVL-E-P The Environment Agency is the leading public body protecting and improving the environment in England and Wales. It’s our job to make sure that air, land and water are looked after by everyone in today’s society, so that tomorrow’s generations inherit a cleaner, healthier world. Our work includes tackling flooding and pollution incidents, reducing industry’s impacts on the environment, cleaning up rivers, coastal waters and contaminated land, and improving wildlife habitats. This report is the result of research commissioned by the Environment Agency’s Science Department and funded by the joint Environment Agency/Defra Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk Management Research and Development Programme. Published by: Author(s): Environment Agency, Rio House, Waterside Drive, Richard Whitehouse, Peter Balson, Noel Beech, Alan Aztec West, Almondsbury, Bristol, BS32 4UD Brampton, Simon Blott, Helene Burningham, Nick Tel: 01454 624400 Fax: 01454 624409 Cooper, Jon French, Gregor Guthrie, Susan Hanson, www.environment-agency.gov.uk Robert Nicholls, Stephen Pearson, Kenneth Pye, Kate Rossington, James Sutherland, Mike Walkden ISBN: 978-1-84911-090-7 Dissemination Status: © Environment Agency – August 2009 Publicly available Released to all regions All rights reserved. This document may be reproduced with prior permission of the Environment Agency. Keywords: Coastal geomorphology, processes, systems, The views and statements expressed in this report are management, consultation those of the author alone. The views or statements expressed in this publication do not necessarily Research Contractor: represent the views of the Environment Agency and the HR Wallingford Ltd, Howbery Park, Wallingford, Oxon, Environment Agency cannot accept any responsibility for OX10 8BA, 01491 835381 such views or statements.
    [Show full text]
  • Dorset and East Devon Coast for Inclusion in the World Heritage List
    Nomination of the Dorset and East Devon Coast for inclusion in the World Heritage List © Dorset County Council 2000 Dorset County Council, Devon County Council and the Dorset Coast Forum June 2000 Published by Dorset County Council on behalf of Dorset County Council, Devon County Council and the Dorset Coast Forum. Publication of this nomination has been supported by English Nature and the Countryside Agency, and has been advised by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee and the British Geological Survey. Maps reproduced from Ordnance Survey maps with the permission of the Controller of HMSO. © Crown Copyright. All rights reserved. Licence Number: LA 076 570. Maps and diagrams reproduced/derived from British Geological Survey material with the permission of the British Geological Survey. © NERC. All rights reserved. Permit Number: IPR/4-2. Design and production by Sillson Communications +44 (0)1929 552233. Cover: Duria antiquior (A more ancient Dorset) by Henry De la Beche, c. 1830. The first published reconstruction of a past environment, based on the Lower Jurassic rocks and fossils of the Dorset and East Devon Coast. © Dorset County Council 2000 In April 1999 the Government announced that the Dorset and East Devon Coast would be one of the twenty-five cultural and natural sites to be included on the United Kingdom’s new Tentative List of sites for future nomination for World Heritage status. Eighteen sites from the United Kingdom and its Overseas Territories have already been inscribed on the World Heritage List, although only two other natural sites within the UK, St Kilda and the Giant’s Causeway, have been granted this status to date.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright Pearson Education Iii
    Contents Introduction v The natural environment (Section A) Chapter 1: River environments 1 Chapter 2: Coastal environments 11 Chapter 3: Hazardous environments 21 People and their environments (Section B) Chapter 4: Economic activity and energy 31 Chapter 5: Ecosystems and rural environments 41 Chapter 6: Urban environments 50 Global issues (Section D) Chapter 7: Fragile environments 60 Chapter 8: Globalisation and migration 71 Chapter 9: Development and human welfare 81 Contents Preparing for the exam 91 Glossary Sample 95 Index 99 Copyright Pearson Education iii Geog_Rev_Guide-5thProof.indb 3 22/01/2013 13:29 Chapter 2: Coastal environments The coast as a system The coast is an open system. For example, sediment comes into the system (input) from a river delta. Waves transport the sediment or it is stored in beaches or sand dunes. Sediment may be lost to the coastal system if it moves into the open sea (output). Coastal processes are divided into marine processes (waves) and sub-aerial processes (weathering and mass movement). Waves and erosion and deposition Constructive waves Destructive waves weak tall waves with short swash long wavelength strong swash shallow wavelength gradient steep gradient waves waves h sh as wa ackw ack d) ak b g b de we ron ero st ach beach built up by (be deposition of material brought up in wash (Section A) Figure 2.1 Constructive and destructive waves Constructive waves build the beach by deposition. Destructive waves erode the beach. Their backwash Their swash is stronger than their backwash so they is stronger than their swash, so they drag material carry material up the beach and deposit it there.
    [Show full text]
  • Fethiye-Antalya-Kaş-Finike (Güneybati Anadolu) Bölgesinde Yapilan Jeolojik Etüdler
    FETHİYE-ANTALYA-KAŞ-FİNİKE (GÜNEYBATI ANADOLU) BÖLGESİNDE YAPILAN JEOLOJİK ETÜDLER Hans J. COLIN Geologischen Landesamt, Nordheim-Westfalen ÖZET. — Eser, müellifin Maden Tetkik ve Arama Enstitüsü namına 1953 ve 1954 sene- leri yaz aylarında Fethiye, Antalya, Kaş ve Finike bölgelerinde yapmış olduğu jeolojik araştırmala- ra dayanmaktadır. Gerek stratigrafik ve tektonik müşahedeler, gerekse Maden Tetkik ve Arama Enstitüsünün yapmış olduğu paleontolojik ve mineralojik tesbitler, bu bölgelerde genç Paleozoik, Mesozoik ve Senozoik yapılı sahre cinslerinin yayılmış olduğu neticesini vermektedir. Bu arada muhtelif fasies gelişmelerini tefrik etmek mümkün olmaktadır. Dik ve yatık tektonik kitleleri birbirinden ayıran büyük çapta kaymalara raslanmıştır. Muhtelif Struktur istikametlerinin göze batan girişimleri daha evvel vuku bulmuş olan tabakalaşmaya dayanmaktadır. Genç Tersiyer ve Pleistosende bölge büyük faylanmalar tesiriyle parçalanmıştır. I. ÖNSÖZ 1953 ve 1954 senesi yaz aylarında, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Enstitüsü em- riyle Fethiye, Antalya, Kaş ve Finike arasındaki bölgenin jeolojik haritasının tan- zimi işi ile görevlendirildim. Jeolojik bakımdan olduğu kadar manzara ve arkeoloji bakımından da çok ilginç olan bu bölge, E. Tietze'nin etüdlerinden (1885) bu yana ve A. Philippson'- dan (1915) beri hemen hemen hiç dikkate alınmamıştır. Son zamanların krom ve manganez zuhurları hakkındaki birkaç raporundan başka (G. Hiessleitner, 1951/52; V. Kovenko, 1937, 1943, 1945; Oelsner, 1932, 1936) ve yer gazı ile asfalt zuhur- ları hakkında verilen bir iki rapor müstesna olmak üzere (H. Kirk, 1937; M. Lucius, 1925a ve 6, 1930; J. Maxson, 1937; C.E. Taşman, 1930), sadece Elmalı ve Kaş paftalarının bazı durum löveleri mevcuttur. Bu itibarla önce, bölgenin tümü hakkındaki jeolojik durum bakımından bil- gi edinmek icabetmiştir ki, bu da sahanın genişliği ve Alpin karakterli olması karşısında, elde bulunan zaman içinde ancak geniş aralıklı bir gezi şebekesi tesisi suretiyle temin edilebilmiştir.
    [Show full text]
  • Sektor Raporu En 2020.Pdf
    ISTANBUL & MARMARA, AEGEAN, MEDITERRANEAN, BLACK SEA REGIONS CHAMBER OF SHIPPING MARITIME SECTOR REPORT ISTANBUL 2020 MARITIME SECTOR REPORT ISTANBUL 2020 FOREWORD Maritime sector is integral to Turkey. The sector has improved significantly in line with the historical reforms have taken place until this very day and proved its efficient and respectable position. As of today, Turkish merchant fleet has shown great development and is diversified in terms of vessel type, tonnage and fleet volume. Transportation capacity of Turkish maritime sector holds the 15th place with 29.3 million DWT in the list of countries controlling the largest fleet of the world (1000 GT and over). As for luxury yacht building sector, Turkey sits at 3rd place while the yearly production capacity of our shipyards have reached to 4.51 million DWT. Our Chamber has been active in carrying out activities before relevant domestic and foreign Institutions and Organizations in order to perform its policies which are constituted with the purpose of increasing the contribution of maritime sector to the national economy and ensuring its competitiveness with the rest of the world. Our ultimate objective is to ensure shipping industry to be considered under “National Government Policy”. The Maritime Sector Report has been prepared as a result of an intense study in order to include the development of the maritime sector in Turkey as well as the world and to examine the circumstances of the maritime sector as of 2019 with its various aspects. During the preparation process of the report, our aim has been to examine, neutrally, the circumstances of maritime sector in Turkey and the world in 2019 and to constitute the report on the basis of scientific data.
    [Show full text]
  • Dicionarioct.Pdf
    McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Earth Science Second Edition McGraw-Hill New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be repro- duced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-141798-2 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-141045-7 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at [email protected] or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw- Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decom- pile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent.
    [Show full text]
  • OLYMPOS I 2000 - 2014 Araştırma Sonuçları
    OLY MPOS I 2000 - 2014 Araştırma Sonuçları Turkish text with English summaries Editor B. YELDA OLCAY UÇKAN AKMED SERIES IN MEDITERRANEAN STUDIES - 1 The abbreviation of the series is ASMS. Editor-in-chief of the series Oğuz TEKİN OLYMPOS I 2000 - 2014 Araştırma Sonuçları Editor B. Yelda OLCAY UÇKAN Publication Coordinators Kayhan DÖRTLÜK Remziye BOYRAZ SEYHAN English copyediting of chapter summaries Mark WILSON Turkish copyediting Metin Özgür UYSAL Cover photo Detail of the mosaic in the peristyle of Episkopeion ISBN 978-605-9389-90-7 © Koç University Suna & ‹nan K›raç Research Center for Mediterranean Civilizations, 2017 1st Edition Publisher Certificate No: 18318 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner without written permission from the publisher except in the context of reviews. Printed by Oksijen Basım ve Matbaacılık San. Tic. Ltd. Şti. 100. Yıl Mah. Matbaacılar Sit. 2. Cad. No: 202/A Bağcılar - İstanbul Tel: +90 212 325 71 25 • Fax: +90 212 325 61 99 Certificate No: 29487 Mailing Address Koç University Suna & İnan Kıraç Akdeniz Medeniyetleri Araştırma Merkezi (AKMED) Barbaros Mah. Kocatepe Sok. No. 22 Kaleiçi 07100 Antalya - Türkiye Tel: 0 (242) 243 42 74 • Fax: 0 (242) 243 80 13 [email protected] • https://akmed.ku.edu.tr Production by Zero Prodüksiyon Ltd. İçindekiler Önsöz .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]