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Modeling, Simulation and Implementation of an 802.15.4 Modeling, simulation and implementation of an 802.15.4 based adaptive communication protocol in wireless sensor network: application to monitoring the elderly at home Juan Lu To cite this version: Juan Lu. Modeling, simulation and implementation of an 802.15.4 based adaptive communication protocol in wireless sensor network: application to monitoring the elderly at home. Micro and nan- otechnologies/Microelectronics. INSA de Toulouse, 2013. English. tel-00862824 HAL Id: tel-00862824 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00862824 Submitted on 17 Sep 2013 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 5)µ4& &OWVFEFMPCUFOUJPOEV %0$503"5%&-6/*7&34*5²%&506-064& %ÏMJWSÏQBS Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse (INSA de Toulouse) 1SÏTFOUÏFFUTPVUFOVFQBS Juan LU le mardi 26 février 2013 5JUSF Modeling, simulation and implementation of an 802.15.4 based adaptive communication protocol in wireless sensor network: application to monitoring the elderly at home ²DPMFEPDUPSBMF et discipline ou spécialité ED GEET : Génie Electrique 6OJUÏEFSFDIFSDIF LAAS-CNRS %JSFDUFVS T EFʾÒTF Eric Campo, Professeur Université Toulouse 2, LAAS-CNRS Adrien Van Den Bossche, Maître de Conférences Université Toulouse 2, IRIT-CNRS Jury: Rapporteur: Francis Lepage, Professeur Université de Lorraine, CRAN Rapporteur: Ye-Qiong Song, Professeur Université de Lorraine, LORIA Examinateur: Danielle Fournier-Prunaret, Professeur INSA-Toulouse, LAAS Examinateur: Sylvain Durand, Maître de Conférences Université Motpellier 3, LIRMM Invité: Thierry Val, Professeur Université Toulouse 2, IRIT Invité: Thierry Gayraud, Professeur Université Toulouse 3, LAAS 2 Résumé Résumé Le maintien à domicile des personnes fragiles vivant seules est devenu une préoccupation majeure de santé publique dans nos sociétés modernes. Parmi les différents aspects scientifiques traités dans le domaine de la surveillance à domicile, nous nous intéressons à l’étude et à la proposition d’une solution permettant à des capteurs répartis de communiquer entre eux de façon optimale et adaptée aux contraintes spécifiques de l'application. Plus précisément, nous souhaitons construire un réseau sans fil courte portée constitué de plusieurs nœuds capteurs échangeant entre eux des données selon un protocole de communication de niveau MAC (contrôle d’accès au médium) qui optimise à la fois l’énergie, le délai de transmission et la perte d’informations. Pour cela, nous avons finement analysé les avantages et les limites des technologies WPAN (réseau local personnel sans fil) et des protocoles de communication actuellement utilisés en rapport aux exigences de notre application. Nous avons ensuite proposé une méthode d’accès au médium déterministe, adaptative et économe en énergie basée sur la couche physique IEEE 802.15.4 et une topologie maillée. Elle permet de garantir le délai d'acheminement des messages avec un risque de collisions très fortement limité, grâce à une réutilisation spatiale du médium dans un voisinage à deux sauts. Cette proposition a été caractérisée par modélisation et simulation à l'aide du simulateur de réseau OPNET. Nous avons alors implémenté les mécanismes proposés sur des dispositifs matériels et déployé un réseau de capteurs en situation réelle afin de vérifier la pertinence du modèle et évaluer la proposition selon différentes configurations de test. 3 Résumé 4 Abstract Abstract Monitoring behavior of the elderly and the disabled living alone has become a major public health problem in our modern societies. Among the various scientific aspects involved in the home monitoring field, we are interested in the study and the proposal of a solution allowing distributed sensor nodes to communicate with each other in an optimal way adapted to the specific application constraints. More precisely, we want to build a wireless network which consists of several short range sensor nodes exchanging data between them according to a communication protocol at MAC (medium access control) level that optimizes energy consumption, transmission time and loss of information. To achieve this objective, we have analyzed the advantages and the limitations of WPAN (wireless personal area network) technology and communication protocols currently used in relation to the requirements of our application. We then proposed a deterministic, adaptive and energy saving medium access method based on the IEEE 802.15.4 physical layer and a mesh topology. It ensures the message delivery time with strongly limited collision risk due to the spatial reuse of medium in the two-hop neighborhood. This proposal was characterized by modeling and simulation using the OPNET network simulator. We then implemented the proposed mechanisms on hardware devices and deployed a sensors network in real situation to verify the accuracy of the model and evaluate the proposal according to different test configurations. 5 Abstract 6 Acknowledgements Acknowledgements Completing the PhD study and writing this dissertation was an amazing journey that would not have been possible without the support and encouragement of many people. My greatest appreciation and gratitude goes to my advisor Professor Eric Campo for his trust and support. I would like to thank him for advising me during all phases of my PhD, but also for giving me the freedom to find my own way. The environment he created is open, application-based and very efficient. It was a pleasure and a great honor to work with him. I am especially grateful to my advisor Doctor Adrien Van Den Bossche, who not only guided me during the past three and a half years, but also shared valuable time, experience and vast knowledge in many discussions and a large number of joint research work. I also have to thank him for helpful career suggestions and enthusiastic help through this important period of my life. I would like to thank the members of my PhD committee, Professors Francis Lepage, Ye- Qiong Song, Danielle Fournier-Prunaret and Doctor Sylvain Durand for their review work of this thesis and helpful suggestions in general. I also thank the two invited professors Thierry Val and Thierry Gayraud for their presences and interesting opinions and questions. My gratitude extends to Thierry Val, Anne Wei and many professors of IUT-Blagnac, Who provided their supports and many insightful suggestions through my PhD research. I am also very grateful to many professors and staffs in the laboratory LATTIS, IRIT and LAAS for their help in a number of ways. I will forever be thankful to my colleagues Rejane Dalce, Linqing Gui, Youssouf Zatout, Chiraz Houaidia, Asma Bel Hadj Med etc. I have had the pleasure of interacting with these great colleagues and some of which became precious friends. Moreover, I would like to thank students Vincent Bragard, Remy Phelipot, Damien Clerc and Nathan Dubot of IUT-Blagnac for their efficient work for a part of my PhD research. Finally, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my family and my friends. They all stood by me and provided unconditional love and care. They shared both the great and the difficult moments of life with me. Thank you so much! 7 Acknowledgements 8 Table of Contents Table of Contents Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 13 Chapter 1 Wireless Sensor Networks and Technologies for Home Health Monitoring.. 17 1. Application context and challenges.............................................................................. 19 1.1. Common architecture for habitat monitoring networks ....................................... 19 1.2. Our application focus ........................................................................................... 22 1.2.1. Application context ...................................................................................... 22 1.2.2. Wireless sensor networks ............................................................................. 22 1.2.2.1. Network topology..................................................................................... 23 1.2.2.2. Energy consumption................................................................................. 24 1.2.3. Challenges in our application....................................................................... 25 2. The existing technology/standard................................................................................. 26 2.1. Wired technology/standard................................................................................... 26 2.1.1. XIO............................................................................................................... 26 2.1.2. Ethernet ........................................................................................................ 26 2.1.3. KNX ............................................................................................................. 27 2.1.4. HART ........................................................................................................... 28 2.2. Wireless technology/standard..............................................................................
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