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Stage 0 Lightning in the (San Francisco Peaks)

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Stage 0 Lightning in the (San Francisco Peaks) 1 Lab Title LIGHTNING IN THE PEAKS Analyzing processes responsible for the distribution of lightning strikes during Arizona's monsoon season in the San Francisco Peaks Lightning strike over San Francisco Peaks Credit: Mike K, National Weather Service https://www.weather.gov/images/fgz/LightningBrianK.jpg Lightning is one of those topics in physical geography that captures What is the imagination. Students have requested for labs about lightning, and until this Stage 0 recently – it was not possible (nor safe). However, with the ability to map About? cloud-to-ground lightning strikes on a digital elevation model (DEM) enabled the development of a lab focused on students analyzing processes responsible for the distribution of lightning – using video game technology. This lab’s focus rests on you analyzing lightning strikes. However, there is more to this lab. Analyzing lightning strikes is part of the story. You get to analyze and study lightning in the context of the greater physical geography (see graphic above) of the study area of the San Francisco Peaks in Northern Arizona. 2 WARNING: DO NOT TAKE THE QUIZ IN CANVAS UNTIL YOU HAVE WORKED ON THIS LAB OFFLINE USING THE GAME AND INSTRUCTIONS IN THE PDF FILE. Students who rush to take a quiz, and do not “practice” going back and forth between the PDF file and the game, DO VERY POORLY ON THE LATER STAGES THAT ARE MORE COMPLICATED. An important aspect of this "stage zero" assignment is for you to get in a study habit that will lead to you: • spending the least amount of time • learning the most; and • getting the best grade. Stage 0 The points you accumulate for correct answers count towards your grade. Worth Incorrect answers do not hurt your grade. However, because you can repeat Stage 0, you should be able to earn a perfect score by learning from the error and correcting it. STEPS IN STEP 1. Download the video game geovisualization DOING https://gamejolt.com/games/2BC_LightningLabSFP/506498 STAGE 0 Please feel free to use Professor Dorn’s hints on how to avoid mistakes in purchasing and downloading the game: http://www.public.asu.edu/~atrid/112_PurchasingGames.pdf STEP 2. Practice with playing the game. Please feel free to use Professor Dorn’s hints on how to play the geovisualizations in general: http://www.public.asu.edu/~atrid/112_HowPlayGames.pdf and this game in particular: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CkUjQX-wMlI STEP 3. Put this PDF file on a second device (or print it out) such as on a phone or tablet) so you can access the information in this PDF file while you are playing the game easily and with minimal frustration. STEP 4. Get out a pen/pencil and some pieces of paper – so you can take notes while you play the game and get the answers to the questions in this PDF file. STEP 5. Go through the questions in this PDF file and the instructions. Figure out the best answer to these questions. Take notes. STEP 6. Check your answers carefully to the questions in this PDF file, and then go into canvas and put down your answers. 3 Note about the game and your computer THE GAME AND YOUR COMPUTER FAN/HEATING If you are running a low-end computer with just the minimum amount of 4GB RAM, then the game will make your fan turn on and heat up for the first 5-10 minutes of play. This sometimes freaks out students. Why does this happen? The game engine needs to create a virtual world of topography, so when your avatar runs around the game, the views can mimic reality. It involves a lot of math to make sure items in the distance are scaled so that they look like they are in the distance. Will things calm down? Yes. Your processing will be pushed for the first 5-10 minutes, but once the game is built, the processing will slow down a lot. The fan may still stay on, to keep the computer cooled. WARNING/HEADS UP. All of the questions and answers in this PDF file will be the same that you will see in canvas. This is not the same for the rest of the stages. There are pools of questions in the other stages, and canvas will rotate them for students randomly. Thus, the PDF file for later stages will provide generalized instructions and example questions. But for Stage Zero, I want you to IGNORE CANVAS and just work on the lab using this file and the geovisualization. STAGE 0: Getting to know the lab and study site The study site for this lab located in Flagstaff, Arizona and the nearby San Francisco Peaks, consisting of a series of peaks and saddles that create a C-shaped ring of high points. This ring was created when a very large volcanic eruption blew the top off the composite volcano. The direction of the blast was to the east, and the decapitation of Mt. St. Helens in 1980 is thought to have been similar to what happened between 1 million and 400,000 years ago. All of the high points in the geovisualization are a result of volcanic processes discussed in this U.S. Geological Survey publication: https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/fs017-01/ The San Francisco Peaks are visited by outdoor enthusiasts for skiing, mountain biking, and hiking. The mountains are also sacred to Native Americans living in the region including the Havasupai, Navajo, Hopi and Zuni. To Navajo, they are the sacred mountain of the west called Dook’o’ooslííd. The Hopi villages on Black Mesa view the peaks as a ritually pure sacred space and the home of the kachina spirits, and alignment of sunset is used to calculate winter solstice. 4 Credit: Deborah Lee Soltesz USFS Coconino NF The geovisualization allows you to fast-travel to the following locations seen below in a Google Earth screenshot [By the way, we can’t use Google Earth, because there’s no lightning data, no air temperature data, and no rainfall data]. 5 You can also find background information on these locations to dive more into the history and context of these locations. Fast Travel Spots About the Fast Traveling Location Flagstaff was founded by Lumberjacks who celebrated the 100th anniversary Flagstaff: of the USA by nailing a U.S. flag to the top of a ponderosa pine. The early 35.1983 N, 111.6513 W economy was based on the railroad, ranching and lumber. Currently, among other industries, it has a strong tourism sector. Arizona Snowbowl Facing southwest, this ski resort was and is embroiled in controversy N 35.33037 W 111.70459 regarding using reclaimed water to make snow This is the highest point in Arizona at 12635'. Along with Agassiz, Fremont, Humphrey's Peak Doyle and other peaks, it makes a rim of mountains that used to be a part of a N 35.3464 W 111.6780 much larger stratovolcano that was built up and blew apart in just the last million years. Named for Louis Agassiz, the man who fought the ‘Church’ over the science Agassiz Peak of glaciation, it is the southernmost peak in the contiguous USA over 12,000 N 35.32577 W 111.67756 feet tall. There are many Fremont Peaks, honoring John C. Fremont who was an Fremont Peak explorer, soldier, and the first candidate of the Republican Party for the office N 35.32297 W 111.66074 of President. After the top of the San Francisco Peaks was probably blown off and ejected Inner Basin to the east, the inner basin formed. Currently, the aquifer of the Inner Basin N 35.34324 W, 111.65019 supplies the city of Flagstaff with much of its water. 6 Fast Travel Spots About the Fast Traveling Location Doyle Peak The name Doyle is present on U.S. Geological Survey topographic maps, but N 35.33011 W 111.64594 its original name was Shultz Peak. Elden Mountain This is a volcanic (thick and pasty lava) dome, characterized by steep sides. N 35.24099 W 111.59754 Elden Mountain rests just above downtown Flagstaff. Dry Lake Hills This location is a popular hiking and mountain biking area. Its volcanic, like N 35.26132 W 111.63685 most of the high points in Arizona. Sunset Crater is the most recent volcanic eruption in the San Francisco Peaks Sunset Crater volcanic field, erupting about 1085. There’s an associated basalt flow called N 35.36371 W 111.50295 Bonito. O’Leary Peak is the highpoint in the area of Sunset Crater, named for a scout O'Leary Peak during the Indian campaigns of the late 19th century. It is not a cinder cone, N 35.40242 W 111.53262 but a dome of thick viscous lava like Elden Mountain. Doney Park: Doney Park is a residential area northeast of Flagstaff, a low spot named for a N 35.27300 W 111.50868 northern Arizona pioneer. Fort Valley Fort Valley is an old settlement that has become a suburb of Flagstaff. It still N 35.25795 W 111.73778 holds small farms and ranches. Schultz Pass Road is considered by many to be one of the most scenic drives in the Flagstaff area. It is also the quickest route to get out of the city and go Schultz Pass into the national forests. But you won’t be alone. It’s a busy area – and you N 35.2848 W 111.6336 can decide if the people who go there during the monsoon are making a good decision.
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