SYMBOLS and ABBREVIATIONS Used on Admiralty Charts

Chart 5011 (INT 1 Format) Edition 4 - October 2008

SYMBOLS and ABBREVIATIONS used on Admiralty Charts

CONTENTS System for Updating inside front cover Introduction and Schematic Layout 2

GENERAL A Chart Number, Title, Marginal Notes 4 B Positions, Distances, Directions, Compass 6

TOPOGRAPHY C Natural Features 9 D Cultural Features 12 E Landmarks 14 F Ports 16 G Topographic Terms (omitted: only useful in Non-English versions of this publication)

HYDROGRAPHY H Tides, Currents 20 I Depths 23 J Nature of the Seabed 25 K Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions 28 L Offshore Installations 31 M Tracks, Routes 33 N Areas, Limits 36 O Hydrographic Terms (omitted: only useful in Non-English versions of this publication)

NAVIGATION AIDS AND SERVICES P Lights 39 Q Buoys, Beacons 45 R Fog Signals 51 S Radar, Radio, Satellite Navigation Systems 52 T Services 54 U Small Craft (Leisure) Facilities 56

ALPHABETICAL INDEXES V Abbreviations of Principal Non-English Terms 58 V Abbreviations of Principal English Terms 62 W International Abbreviations 65 X Index 67 Section Key inside back cover

General Chart 5011 is primarily a key to symbols and abbreviations used on Admiralty and International paper charts compiled by the UKHO (United Kingdom Hydrographic Office). Variations may occur on charts adopted into the Admiralty Series that were originally produced by another hydrographic office. Where these symbols and abbreviations are easily understood they will not be included as examples in this publication. Symbols and abbreviations shown on navigational display systems using vector electronic charts may differ from those described in this document. Schematic Layout of Chart 5011 This edition of Chart 5011 is based on the “Chart Specifications of the IHO” (International Hydrographic Organization) adopted in 1982, with later additions and corrections. The layout and numbering accords with the official IHO version of Chart INT 1 (English version produced by Germany). 1 Tracks, Routes M 2 4 4

Tracks Marked by Lights P Leading Beacons Q Tracks 3

Bn Bn 2 Bns 270·5 † Bns in Line 27030´ 433.1 Leading line (the firm line is the 5 Ldg Bns 270·5 433.2 9 1 track to be followed) 433.3 2 Bns 270·5 270·5

6 7 8

1 Section.

2 Section designation. (In some nautical publications, this reference is pre-fixed “I”, for International.)

3 Sub-section.

4 Cross-reference to terms in other sections.

5 Column 1: Numbering following the International “Chart Specifications of the IHO”. A letter in this column, e.g. a, indicates a supplementary national symbol for which there is no International equivalent.

6 Column 2: International (INT) symbols used on Admiralty charts. Where both are shown, true to scale representations are to the left of symbols.

7 Column 3: Term and explanation in English.

8 Column 4: Other symbol or abbreviation used on Admiralty charts, if different from Column 2.

9 Column 5: Not navigationally significant. Cross references to the “Chart Specifications of the IHO”, M-4 (Part B, unless a reference letter to another part is given).

The mark † indicates that this representation or usage is obsolescent. The mark # in Columns 2, 3 and 4 indicates that this symbol will only be found on charts adopted into the Admiralty chart series. However, users should note that on such charts additional or different symbols not listed in this publication may be used. Where not easily understood, such symbols will be explained on those charts.

Metric Charts & Metric units are introduced on Admiralty charts as they are modernised (except for charts of the waters around the United Fathoms Charts States of America, where fathoms or feet continue to be used). Fathom and/or feet charts can be distinguished from metric charts by the use of grey for land areas, a note in the title block and in some cases by a prominent legend in the margin.

Chart Datum On metric charts, the reference level for soundings is given under the chart title. On fathoms charts, the reference level for soundings may be given under the title; if not, it can be deduced from the tidal information panel.

Depths The units used are given under the title of the chart. The position of a sounding is the centre of the area covered by the figures.

On metric charts, depths of less than 21m are generally expressed in metres and decimetres. Where source information is sufficiently precise, depths between 21m and 31m may be given in half-metres. All other depths are rounded down to whole metres.

On fathom charts, depths are generally expressed in fathoms and feet where less than 11 fms, and in fathoms elsewhere. Where source information is sufficiently precise, depths between 11 and 15 fms may be given in fathoms and feet. Older charts may show fractions of fathoms in depths of 10 fathoms or less, and a few large-scale charts show all depths in feet.

On adopted or co-produced charts these ranges may vary.

Drying heights Underlined figures on rocks and banks which uncover indicate heights above chart datum. They are given in metres and decimetres or in feet as appropriate.

2 Heights Heights are given in metres or in feet above the charted height datum; details are given in the Explanatory Notes under the chart title. The position of a height is normally that of the dot alongside it, thus ·79. Parentheses are used when the figure expressing height is set apart from the object (eg when showing the height of a small islet). Clearance heights may be referred to a higher datum than other heights. In such cases this will be stated in the Explanatory Notes.

Bearings Bearings are given from seaward and refer to the true compass.

Sea Miles A sea mile is the length of one minute of latitude locally, and is the principal means of expressing distance on Admiralty charts. and Cables A cable is one-tenth of a sea mile.

Names Names on Admiralty charts are spelt in accordance with the principles and systems approved by the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use.

A second name may be given, usually in parentheses, in the following circumstances: a. if the retention of a superseded rendering will facilitate cross-reference to related publications; b. if, in the case of a name that has changed radically, the retention of the former one will aid recognition; c. if it is decided to retain an English conventional name in addition to the present official rendering;

Chart Catalogues Details of Admiralty charts are given in the “Catalogue of Admiralty Charts and Publications” (NP 131) and regional catalogues ‘Caribbean’ (NP105), ‘Mediterranean’ (NP106). ‘Scandinavian’ (NP107), ‘North West Europe’ (NP109), all published annually.

The Mariner’s The Mariner’s Handbook (NP 100) includes information on the following: Handbook and The use of charts and the degree of reliance that may be placed on them; chart supply and correction; names; charted other Publications navigational aids; navigational hazards; traffic separation schemes; offshore oil and gas operations; tides and currents; general marine meteorology. A glossary of terms used on Admiralty charts is also given. Information about features represented on charts can also be found in the following publications or their digital equivalents: Admiralty Sailing Directions; Admiralty List of Lights and Fog Signals; Admiralty Tide Tables and Tidal Stream Atlases; Admiralty List of Radio Signals; Annual Notices to Mariners; IALA Maritime Buoyage System.

Copyright Admiralty charts and publications (including this one) are protected by Crown Copyright. They are derived from Crown Copyright information and from copyright information published by other organisations. They may not be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing by electronic means) without prior permission of the copyright owners, which may be sought by applying, in the first instance, to the Copyright Manager; The United Kingdom Hydrographic Office, Taunton, Somerset TA1 2DN, UK.

3 A Chart Number, Title, Marginal Notes

Schematic Layout of an Admiralty INT chart (reduced in size)

c 20

1 2 a 6067 6067

INT 4321 4321 INT DEPTHS IN METRES

52°19´ .63N INTERNATIONAL 2° b 9 02´ . 61E

CHART SERIES 15 ENGLAND EAST COAST 10 APPROACHES TO NEWMOUTH AND G as ( se EXHAVEN e N o t a DEPTHS IN METRES e ) SCALE 1: 75 000 at lat 52°00´ 13

EXPLANATORY NOTES 11

SATELLITE-DERIVED POSITIONS

16 GAS PIPELINES } 6132 Adjoining Chart

SOURCES EXHAVEN 18 See Plan A

52°02´·11N 1°46´·25E 9 180

NEWMOUTH 180

A EXHAVEN SCALE 1: 15 000 Feet 14 b Metres Cables 1°43´·37E 51°59´·52N 9 1°20´·00E 51°40´·00N 4 6 8 (650·0 x 980·0mm) Customer Information Notices to Mariners Published at Taunton...... United Kingdom National Hydrographer WGS84 INT 4321 6067 6 Edition Number: Reproduction and copyright information Edition Date: 7 email address and telephone number 3 2 1 5

4 Chart Number, Title, Marginal Notes A

Magnetic Features B Tidal Data H Satellite Navigation Systems S

1 Chart number in the Admiralty series. 251

2 Chart number in the International (INT) Chart series. 251.1

3 Use of WGS84 geodetic reference system. 201 255.3

4 Publication note (imprint) showing the date of publication as a New Chart. 252.1 252.4

5 Reproduction and Copyright acknowledgement note. All Admiralty charts are subject to Crown Copyright restrictions. 253

6 Customer Information, Edition Number, Edition Date, (charts revised prior to May 2000 have New Edition date at bottom right of chart) 252.2

7 Notices to Mariners: (a) the year dates and numbers of Notices to Mariners and (b) the dates (usually bracketed) of minor 252.3 corrections included in reprints but not formally promulgated (abandoned as a method of correction in 1986), (charts revised prior to May 2000 have the legend ‘Small corrections’).

8 Dimensions of the inner neat-lines of the chart border. In the case of charts on Transverse Mercator and Gnomonic projections, 222.3 dimensions may be quoted for all borders of the chart which differ. Some Fathoms charts show the dimensions in inches e.g. (38.40 x 222.4 25.40).

9 Corner co-ordinates. 214

10 Chart title. This should be quoted, in addition to the chart number, when ordering a chart. 241.3

11 Explanatory notes on chart content; to be read before using the chart. 242

12 Seals. Where an Admiralty chart is in the International Chart series, the seal of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) is 241.1 shown in addition to the national seal. Reproductions of international charts of other nations (facsimile) have the seals of the original 241.2 producer (left), publisher (centre) and the IHO (right). Reproductions of other charts have the seals of original producer (left) and publisher (right); charts which are co-productions carry the seals of the nations involved in their production.

13 Scale of chart; on Mercator projection, at a stated latitude. 211 241.4

14 Linear scales on large-scale plan. 221

15 Linear border scales (metres). On smaller scale charts, the latitude border should be used to measure Sea miles and Cables. 221.1

16 Cautionary notes (if any) on charted detail; to be read before using the chart. 242

17 Source Diagram (if any). If a Source Diagram is not shown, details of the sources used in the compilation of the chart are given in the 290-298 explanatory notes (see 10). The Source Diagram or notes should be studied carefully before using the chart in order to assess the reliability of the sources.

18 Reference to a larger scale chart or plan (with reference letter if plan on same chart). 254

19 Reference to an adjoining chart of similar scale. 254

20 Note ‘IMPORTANT - THE USE OF ADMIRALTY CHARTS’. 243

a Reference to the units used for depths measurement. The legend, ‘DEPTHS IN FATHOMS/FEET’, is shown on certain more recent 241.5 fathoms charts where confusion might otherwise arise. 255.2

b Conversion scales. To allow approximate conversions between metric and fathoms and feet units. On older charts, conversion tables 280 are given instead.

c Copyright Notice

5 B Positions, Distances, Directions, Compass

Geographical Positions

1 Lat Latitude

2 Long Longitude

3 International Meridian (Greenwich)

4 Degree(s) 130

5 ´ Minute(s) of arc 130

6 ´´ Second(s) of arc 130

Position approximate (not accurately 417 PA (PA) (P.A.) 7 determined or does not remain fixed) † † 424.1

Position doubtful (reported in various 417 PD (PD) (P.D.) 8 positions) † † 424.2

9 N North 131.1

10 E East 131.1

11 S South 131.1

12 W West 131.1

13 NE North-east

14 SE South-east

15 NW North-west

16 SW South-west

Control Points, Distance Marks

20 Triangulation point 304.1

Observation spot Obs Spot Obsn. Spot 304.2 21 † †

305.1 22 Fixed point 340.5

Benchmark BM B.M. 304.3 23 † †

24 Boundary mark 306

25.1 km 32 Distance along waterway, no visible marker 307 361.3 25.2 km 32 Distance along waterway, with visible marker

a Viewpoint See View 390.2

Symbolised Positions (Examples)

18 Wk Symbols in plan: 30 3 position is centre of primary symbol 305.1 Symbols in profile: 31 position is at bottom of symbol 305.1

Mast MAST 305.1 32 Point symbols (accurate positions) 340.5

Approximate position 305.1 33 Mast PA † Mast PA

6 Positions, Distances, Directions, Compass B

Units

40 km Kilometre(s)

41 m Metre(s) 130

42 dm Decimetre(s) 130

43 cm Centimetre(s)

44 mm Millimetre(s) 130

International Nautical Mile(s) (1852m) n mile(s) M 45 or Sea Mile(s) M 130

46 Cable (0.1M) 130

47 ft Foot/feet

48 Fathom(s) fm., fms.

49 h Hour 130

50 m min Minute(s) of time 130

51 s sec Second(s) of time † sec 130

52 kn Knot(s) 130

53 t Tonne(s), Ton(s), tonnage (weight) 328.3

54 cd Candela

Magnetic Compass

60 Variation Var

61 Magnetic Mag

62 Bearing 132

63 true

64 decreasing decrg

65 increasing incrg

66 Annual change

67 Deviation

Magnetic Variation Note of magnetic variation, 68.1 4°30´W 2007 (8´E) in position

272.2 Magnetic Variation at 55°N 8°W Note of magnetic variation, Magnetic Variation: 4°30´W 2007 (10´E) 68.2 4°30´W 2007 (8´E) out of position

7 B Positions, Distances, Directions, Compass

70 Compass Roses, True and Magnetic. Magnetic Variation is expressed to the nearest 5´ 260- 4°30´W 2004 (9É) on magnetic north arrow means and relates to 1 January of the year stated. Annual 262.2 272.3 Magnetic Variation 4°30´W in 2004, annual change 9É 0 change E or W is given to the nearest minute. 350 010 020 (i.e. magnetic variation decreasing 9´ annually) 340 03 330 0 0 40 320 True Compass Rose The arrow indicating 0 5 Magnetic North indicated 0 Magnetic North is omitted 310 on charts comprising by arrow 9É) 0 0 6 separate plans and on 0 0 3 04 ( charts showing isogonals.

E 20 7 0 290

4°30´

8 0

0 8

0 270 0 350 010 020 340 0 03 33 0

04 320 0

05 0 310 030 30 3 0

0 4 6 0 0 °3 3

´W 0 60 0

1 0

998 290 0 0 3

(9´E)

0 8

8 0

0 9

† # 0

270

0 7

2 0 350 010 02 340 0 0 030 33

0 0 2 40 3

0 0 5 0 310 030 0 33 0 0 6 0 0 3

AG 0 6 070 0 0

9 N 0 2

0 ETIC 3

0 8

8 0

9 0 about 10´ annly 0 0 decrg 9

† 7 Variation 3°00´W (1979) 0

2 270

71 Magnetic Variation Lines, MAGNETIC VARIATION LINES ARE FOR 2000 272.1 Isogonals (lines of equal The magnetic variation is shown in degrees, followed by the letter E or W, as appropriate, at certain magnetic variation) positions on the lines. The annual change is expressed in minutes with the letter E or W and is given in brackets, immediately following the variation.

) ) ) E ´E ´) W 5´ (5 °(0 3´ ( W 0 E( °W 1° 1° 3 Magnetic variation values are for 1 January of the year stated

Local Magnetic Anomaly 82.1 Within the enclosed area the magnetic 15° variation may deviate from the normal 15° by the value shown. † 274

Local Magnetic Anomaly Where the area affected cannot be Local Magnetic Anomaly 82.2 easily defined, a legend only is (see Note) shown at the position. (see Note) †

8 Natural Features C

Foreshore I, J Coastline

310.1 1 Coastline, surveyed 310.2

2 Coastline, unsurveyed 311

3 Steep coast, Cliffs 312.1 †

4 Hillocks 312.1

5 Flat coast 312.2

. . . .

. .

......

. .

. . . .

. .

. . . .

. .

. . . .

. .

. . . .

. .

......

. .

......

. .

. . . .

......

. . . .

. .

......

. . . .

. .

......

. . . .

. .

...... 312.2 . . Sandy shore . . 6 . †

Stones 7 Stony shore, Shingly shore 312.2

Sand dunes 8 Sandhills, Dunes 312.3 †

Plane of Reference for Heights H Relief

351.3 351.4 10 250 259 Contour lines with values and spot height 351.5 200 200 351.6 250 150 100 352.2 1 0 0 50

437 359 115 189 Spot heights 352.1 11 352.2 123 49

351.3 360 Approximate contour lines with values 351.4 351.5 12 300 and approximate height 20 0 351.6 352.3

1 00

9 C Natural Features

351.2 359 1178 351.3 13 Form lines with spot height 351.7 352.2

†

52 161t Approximate height of top of trees 352.4 14 (above height datum)

(27) (89t ) †

Water Features, Lava

Name 353.1 20 River, Stream 353.2 353.4

21 Intermittent river 353.3

22 Rapids, Waterfalls 353.5

23 Lakes 353.6

24 Salt pans 353.7 Salt pans

25 Glacier 353.8

†

26 Lava flow 355

†

10 Natural Features C

Vegetation

30 W o o d e d Woods in general 354.1

Prominent trees 354.2 31 (isolated or in groups)

Deciduous tree, unknown or 31.1 unspecified tree

31.2 Evergreen (except conifer)

31.3 Conifer

31.4 Palm

31.5 Nipa palm

31.6 Casuarina

31.7 Filao

31.8 Eucalypt

32 Mangrove 312.4

†

Marsh

Marsh Marsh, Swamp, Salt marsh Saltings 312.2 33 Saltings 0 0

11 D Cultural Features

Settlements, Buildings Height of objects E Landmarks E

Urban area 370.3 1 370.4

2 Settlement with scattered buildings 370.5

Settlement (on medium and Name Name Name 370.7 3 small-scale charts)

Name Name Inland village 370.6 4 HOTEL

5 Building Bldg 370.5

Name Name Hotel Hotel 6 Important building in built-up area 370.3

Street name, Road name 371 7 NAME NA M E

Ru 378 8 Ru Ruin, Ruined landmark (ru) † 378.2

Roads, Railways, Airfields

10 Motorway 365.1

11 Road (hard surfaced) 365.2

12 Track, Path (loose or unsurfaced) 365.3

† Rly 328.4 † Ry # Railway, with station 362.1 13 † Sta # 362.2 † Stn

Cutting 363.2 14 † †

Embankment 364.1 15 † †

16 Tunnel 363.1

Airport, Airfield Airfield 366.1 17 366.2 Airport

a Tramway

b Helicopter landing site, Heliport H

12 Cultural Features D

Plane of Reference for Heights H Other Cultural Features

(17) † Vertical clearance above Height Datum 380.1 20 (Headway 380.2 20 (8·9) (in parentheses when displaced for clarity) (H 17m) † 55ft) †

21 Horizontal clearance 380.3 23

22 Fixed bridge with vertical clearance 381.1 20 (20) †

Opening bridge (in general) with 381.3 23.1 vertical clearance 20 † (20)

S w i n g 23.2 Bridge Swing bridge with vertical clearance 7·8

Lifting 23.3 Bridge Lifting bridge with vertical clearance (open ) (closed and open) 4·2 12

Bascule 23.4 Bridge Bascule bridge with vertical clearance 12

Pontoon 23.5 Bridge Pontoon bridge †

Draw 23.6 Bridge Draw bridge with vertical clearance 5·5

Transporter bridge with vertical Transporter 381.2 24 Bridge clearance between Height Datum 20 and lowest part of structure

Transporter Overhead transporter, Aerial 20 ( 7) 382.3 25 cableway with vertical clearance †

Power (H 30m) Power transmission line with pylons Power 26 and safe vertical clearance 382.1 Pyl 28 Pyl Overhead (see Note below D29) † (H.98ft)

H 20m Overhead cable, Telephone line, 382 27 Overhead 20 Telegraph line with vertical clearance 382.2 † (H.64ft)

Overhead Overhead pipe with vertical clearance 383 28 20 pipe

e line 29 Pipeline on land Pip 377 † Note: The safe vertical clearance above Height Datum, as defined by the responsible authority, is given in magenta where known (see H20); otherwise the physical vertical clearance is shown in black as in D20.

13 E Landmarks

General Plane of Reference for Heights H Lighthouses P Beacons Q

340.1 Factory Hotel 1 Examples of landmarks 340.2 340.5

FACTORY Examples of conspicuous landmarks. 340.1 HOTEL 340.2 2 A legend in capital letters indicates conspic 340.3 WATER TOWER that a feature is conspicuous † 340.5 340.7 373.1 3.1 Pictorial symbols (in true position) 390 456.5 457.3

3.2 Sketches, Views (out of position)

Height of top of a structure (30) 302.3 4 above height datum

Height of top of a structure 303 5 (30) above ground level

Landmarks

373.1 10.1 Ch Church, Cathedral Cath † 373.2

Tr 10.2 Tr Church tower 373.2

Sp 10.3 Sp Church spire 373.2

10.4 Cup Cup Church cupola 373.2

11 Chapel Ch

12 Cross, Calvary

13 Temple 373.3 †

14 Pagoda Pag 373.3

15 Shinto shrine, Joss house 373.3

16 Buddhist temple or shrine 373.3 †

17 Mosque, Minaret 373.4 †

18 Marabout Marabout Tomb 373.5 †

Cemetery 19 Cemy 373.6 (all religions) †

14 Landmarks E

20 Tr Tower 374.3

374.2 Water tower, Water tank on a tower Water Tr 21 376

22 Chy Chimney 374.1

23 Flare stack (on land) 374.1

Monument (including column, pillar, 24 Mon Mont Col 374.4 obelisk, statue) † †

25.1 Windmill 374.5

25.2 Ru Windmill (without sails) (ru) 378.2 †

Wind turbine 26.1 Wind turbine 374.6 Windmotor † †

26.2 Wind farm 374.6

27 FS Flagstaff, Flagpole 374.7 ( (

(( ( Radio mast 28 Radio mast, Television mast, Mast 375.1

TV mast ( (

(( ( Radio Tr 29 Radio tower, Television tower 375.2 TV Tr

30.1 Radar Mast Radar mast ( (

(( ( 30.2 Radar Tr Radar tower

487.3 ( (

(( ( 30.3 Radar Sc Radar scanner

30.4 Radome Radome

31 Dish aerial Dish aerial 375.4 †

376.1 32 Tanks Tanks 376.2 †

33 Silo Silo Silo 376.3

Fortified structure Fort 379.1 34.1 (on large-scale charts)

Castle, Fort, Blockhouse 34.2 Ft Cas 379.2 (on smaller scale charts) †

Battery, Small fort 34.3 Batt Baty 379.2 (on smaller scale charts) †

35.1 Quarry (on large-scale charts) 367.1 †

35.2 Quarry (on smaller scale charts) 367.2

36 Mine 367.2

15 F Ports

Protection Structures

1 Dyke, Levee, Berm 313.1 † †

2.1 Seawall (on large-scale charts) 0 313.2

2.2 Seawall (on smaller scale charts)

0 Causeway 0 3 Causeway 313.3

Breakwater (in general) 4.1 322.1

Breakwater (loose boulders, 4.2 tetrapods, etc) (covers)

Breakwater (slope of concrete 4.3 or masonry)

Training Wall

5 (covers) Training wall 322.2 Training Wall

0 Training Wall (covers) Training Bank (covers)

6.1 Groyne (always dry) 0 313.4 324 0 6.2 Groyne (intertidal)

...... 6.3 Groyne (always underwater) .. .. .

Harbour Installations Depths I Anchorages, Limits N Beacons and other fixed marks Q Marina U

10 Fishing harbour 320.1

12 Mole (with berthing facility) 321.3

13 Quay, Wharf Whf 321.1

16 Ports F

0 14 Pier Pier, Jetty 321.2

0 0 321.4

15 Promenade pier 321.2 Promenade Pier

326.9 16 Pontoon Pontoon

0 0 324.2 17 Lndg Lndg Landing for boats Ldg †

18 Steps, Landing stairs

19 4 B 234 Designation of berth 4 323.1 †

20 Dn Dns Dolphin 327.1

21 Deviation dolphin 327.2

22 Minor post or pile 327.3

23 Slipway, Patent slip, Ramp 0 0

324.1 Slip

0 0

0 24 Gridiron, Scrubbing grid 326.8

25 Dry dock, Graving dock 326.1 †

26 Floating Dock Floating dock † † † 326.2

0 27 7.6m Non-tidal basin, Wet dock 326.3

0 0 28 Tidal basin, Tidal harbour 326.4

g Barrier 29.1 Floatin Floating oil barrier 449.2

Oil retention barrier 29.2 (high pressure pipe)

Dock under 30 construction Works on land, with year date 329.1 (2004)

Being reclaimed Works at sea, Area under reclamation, 329.2 31 (2004) with year date

Under construction (2004) Works under construction, 329 const † constrn. † constn 32 Works in progress (2004) with year date 329.4

17 F Ports

Ru 33.1 Ruin 378.1

Ru Ruined pier, Pier 0 (ru) 0 33.2 partly submerged at high water

34 Hulk Hulk Hulk

a Bollard Bol

Rivers, Canals, Barrages Clearances D Signal Stations T Cultural Features D

40 Canal 361.6

Lock 41.1 Lock (on large-scale charts) 326.6 361.6 41.2 Lock (on smaller scale charts) †

42 Caisson, Gate 326.5

Flood Barrage 43 Flood barrage 326.7

Dam, Weir 364.2 44 Dam Direction of flow

Transhipment Facilities Roads D Railways D Tanks E

50 RoRo Roll-on, Roll-off (RoRo) Ferry Terminal 321.5

22Transit shed, Warehouse 33 328.1 51 (with designation)

52 Timber yard 328.2

Crane (with lifting capacity) 328.3 53.1 (3t) Travelling crane on railway

53.2 (50t) Container crane (with lifting capacity)

53.3 SHEERLEGS Sheerlegs (conspicuous)

18 Ports F

Public Buildings

60 Harbour Master’s office Hr Mr 325.1 †

61 Custom office 325.2

62.1 Health office, Quarantine building 325.3

62.2 Hospital Hospital Hosp † Hospl

63 Post office PO 372.1 †

19 H Tides, Currents

Terms Relating to Tidal Levels

Chart Datum 1 CD Datum for sounding reduction 405

2 LAT Lowest Astronomical Tide 405.3

3 HAT Highest Astronomical Tide

4 MLW Mean Low Water

5 MHW Mean High Water

6 MSL Mean Sea Level

7 Land survey datum

8 MLWS Mean Low Water Springs

9 MHWS Mean High Water Springs

10 MLWN Mean Low Water Neaps

11 MHWN Mean High Water Neaps

12 MLLW Mean Lower Low Water

13 MHHW Mean Higher High Water

14 MHLW Mean Higher Low Water

15 MLHW Mean Lower High Water

16 Sp Spring tide † Spr.

17 Np Neap tide

a High Water HW

b Low Water LW

c Mean Tide Level MTL

d Ordnance Datum OD

20 Tides, Currents H

Vertical clearance D Tide Gauge T Tidal Levels and Charted Data

20 NOTE: Planes of reference are not exactly as shown below for all charts. They are usually defined in notes under chart titles. 302.2 Overhead power cable 380.1 405

Safe vertical clearance* Charted vertical clearance Charted vertical clearance (Black) Charted elevation HAT (Magenta)

MHWS Charted HW (coast) line MHWN Spring range of tide

Neap range of tide MSL Land survey datum

Sea surface at any time

MLWN

Height of tide Observed depth MLWS Drying height CD (usually LAT Charted LW (drying) line on Admiralty charts)

Charted depth (Sounding) * The safe vertical clearance to avoid risk of electrical discharge, has been obtained by applying a deduction to the physical vertical clearance of the cable above HAT. The deduction is variable and depends upon the transmission voltage.

Tide Tables

30 Tabular statement of semi-diurnal or diurnal tides 406.2 406.3 406.4 Tidal Levels referred to Datum of Soundings 406.5 Lat. Long. Heights in metres/feet above datum Place Datum and Remarks N/S E/W MHWS MHWN MLWN MLWS

MHHW MLHW MHLW MLLW

31 Tidal stream table 407.2 407.3 Tidal streams referred to.... Geographical A BCDE Hours Position 6 -6 5 -5 No 4 -4 3 -3 Maximum Rates Before 2

High Water -2 1 -1 High Water 0 For predictions, use 1 +1 Admiralty Tide Tables 2 +2 3 +3

After 4 +4 Rates at spring tides (knots) Rates at neap tides (knots)

High Water 5 +5 Directions of streams (degrees) 6 +6

21 H Tides, Currents

Tidal Streams and Currents Breakers K Tide Gauge T

40 3kn Flood tide stream (with mean spring rate) The number of black dots on the 407.4 tidal stream arrows indicates the 408.2 † number of hours after High or 2, 8kn Low Water at which the streams 407.4 41 Ebb tide stream (with mean spring rate) are running 408.2 †

42 Current in restricted waters 408.2 † Ocean current. Details of current strength and seasonal variations 43 (see Note) 408.3 may be shown

44 Overfalls, tide rips, races 423.1 †

45 Eddies 423.3

Position of tabulated tidal stream D 407.2 46 data with designation D †

Offshore position for which a 406.5 47 tidal levels are tabulated

e Wave recorder Wave recorder

f Current meter . Current meter

22 Depths I

General

417 ED (ED) 1 Existence doubtful 424.3 †

417 40 SD Sounding of doubtful depth 2 424.4

417 3.1 Rep Reported, but not confirmed Repd 424.5 †

Reported, with year of report, 3.2 Rep (1973) Repd (1973) but not confirmed †

Reported, but not confirmed, sounding M-4 4 184 212 Part C or danger (on small-scale charts only) 404.3

a Unexamined unexam † unexamd

Plane of Reference for Depths H Plane of Reference for Heights H Soundings and Drying Heights

403.1 10 12 92 9,7 Sounding in true position 410/412 412.1

412 (4 ) + (12) Sounding out of position (8 ) + 1 8 7 412.1 11 8 3 (10 ) 8 7 1 3349 4 412.2

412 Least depth in narrow channel 412.1 12 (147 ) 412.2

13 330 No bottom found at depth shown 412.3

Soundings taken from old or 9 412.4 14 12 1 smaller scale sources shown in 417.3 upright, hairline figures 4 9 4 0 3 9 4 413 2 Drying heights and contours above 15 2 413.1 chart datum 413.2 0

14 16 25 Natural watercourse (in intertidal area) 413.3 06 2 17 7

Plane of Reference for Depths H Depths in Fairways and Areas

Limit of dredged channel or area 20 (major and minor) 414.3

Dredged channel or area with depth of Depths may be shown as 3,5 or 3 on some 7 .0m 3.5m 5 414 21 dredging in metres and decimetres adopted charts

Dredged channel or area with depth of Dredged to 8 .2m 17m (2006) dredging and year of the latest 414.1 22 (2006) control survey

Maintained Dredged channel or area with depth 17 .0m 414.2 23 depth 13 .5m regularly maintained

23 I Depths

108 102 Area swept by wire drag. The depth is 9 (2003) (1990) 415 24 6 shown at Chart Datum. (The latest date of 415.1 9 8 sweeping may be shown in parentheses) 11 †

Unsurveyed

Depths (see Note) or (see Source Diagram)

Unsurveyed or inadequately surveyed 410 area; area with inadequate depth 417 25 417.6 information 417.7

Inadequately surveyed

Depths (see Note) or (see Source Diagram)

Depth Contours

2 Drying contour 30 0 Low Water (LW) Line, Chart Datum (CD) On charts showing depths in fathoms/feet, 404.2 410 2 the following contours are used: 411

5 † Blue tint, in one or more shades, and 1 tint ribbons, are shown to different 1 limits according to the scale and purpose of the chart and the nature † 10 2 of the bathymetry. †

20 On some charts, the standard set of † 3 contours is augmented by additional † 3 30 contours in order to delimit particular bathymetric features or for the benefit 4 † 50 of particular categories of shipping. 5 † However, in some instances where the 6 6 100 provision of additional contours would 10 10 200 be helpful, the survey data available 20 20 300 does not permit it. 30 30 400 40 40 500 On some charts, contours and labels 50 50 are printed in blue. 60 60 100 † 100 200 200 1000 500 500 2000 1000 1000 3000 † 4000 2000 2000 5000 3000 3000 etc 5000 5000 On some recently-corrected charts, contours may be shown by continuous lines.

10 Approximate depth contours (length of 411.2 31 50 dashes may vary) 417.5

24 Nature of the Seabed J

Rocks K Types of Seabed

425 1 S Sand s † 427 2 M Mud m †

3 Cy Clay cl †

4 Si Silt

St Stones st 5 †

6 G Gravel g †

7 P Pebbles peb †

8 Cb Cobbles

9.1 R Rock, Rocky r †

9.2 Bo Boulder(s) 421.2

Co Coral crl 10 †

Sh Shells sh 11 † #M (25)/SG S (<1)/R S/M Two layers e.g. Sand over Mud 425.8 12.1 (Thickness of surface layer in metres) Mixed: where the seabed comprises a mixture of materials, the main 12.2 fS.M.Sh constituent is given first, 425.9 e.g. fine Sand with Mud and Shells

13.1 Wd Weed (including Kelp) wd 425.5 †

13.2 Kelp 428.2

14 Sandwaves 428.1

15 Spring in seabed 428.3

Ground Gd grd a †

Ooze Oz b †

c Marl Ml †

d Shingle Sn shin †

e Chalk † Ck chk

qrtz f Quartz † Qz

g Madrepore Md mad †

h Basalt † Ba

i Lava † Lv

j Pumice † Pm pum

k Tufa † T

Scoriæ Sc l †

Cinders Cn cin m †

25 J Nature of the Seabed

n Manganese Mn man †

o Glauconite Gc †

p Oysters Oy oys †

q Mussels Ms mus †

r Sponge Sp † s Algae Al †

t Foraminifera Fr for †

u Globigerina Gl †

v Diatoms Di †

w Radiolaria Rd rad †

x Pteropods Pt †

y Polyzoa Po pol †

Intertidal Areas

M G Area of sand and mud with 20 S S patches of stones or gravel 426.1

0 †

4 M 1 Rocky area 21 (42 ) 426.2 0 †

1 8 S (29 ) 08 Coral reef 426.3 22 (16 ) 09 0 †

Qualifying Terms

425 f 30 Fine 427 only used in relation m Medium 31 to sand

32 c Coarse

bk Broken brk 33 †

sy Sticky stk 34 †

so Soft sft 35 †

36 sf Stiff stf †

v Volcanic vol 37 † 38 ca Calcareous cal † 425.5 39 h Hard 425.7

26 Nature of the Seabed J

Small sm aa † ab Large l † ac Glacial ga glac † ad Speckled sk spk † ae White w † af Black bl blk †

Blue b ag †

Green gn ah † ai Yellow y †

Red rd aj † ak Brown br † al Chocolate ch choc † am Grey gy † an Light lt † ao Dark d †

27 K Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions

General Dangerline: A danger line draws attention to a danger which would not stand out clearly enough if represented solely by its symbol 411.4 1 (e.g. isolated rock) or delimits an area 420.1 containing numerous dangers, through which it is unsafe to navigate

Depth cleared by wire drag sweep or diver. 415 2 75 The symbol may be used with other symbols, 422.3 e.g. wrecks, obstructions, wells 422.9 Safe clearance depth. Obstruction over 3 which the exact depth is unknown, but which is considered to have a safe 12 422.5 clearance at the depth shown. The symbol 422.7 may be used with other symbols, e.g. wrecks, wells, turbines

a Dries † Dr † dr

b Covers † cov

c Uncovers † uncov

Rocks Plane of Reference for Heights H Plane of Reference for Depths H

4. 1 0 (3. 1) (1. 7) 0 0 Rock (islet) which does not cover, height 10 Height (1,7) (3,1) (4,1) 421.1 datum above height datum CD

(16 ) 5 3 (27 ) 7 (1 ) Rock which covers and uncovers, Height 6 height above Chart Datum, where 421.2 11 datum † Dries 1·6m † Dr 1·6m CD known 5m 5 0

Height Rock awash at the level of Chart Datum 421.3 12 datum CD 5m

5 0 Underwater rock over which the Height depth is unknown, but which is 13 datum 421.4 considered dangerous to surface CD navigation 5m

14 Underwater rock of 421.4 known depth:

28 57 (5 ) (28 )

5 R 0 0 7 5

20 R 20 10 10 121 (12 ) Height R Height 1 14.1 datum inside the corresponding depth area datum CD CD 5m 5m 10m 10m

20m 20m

121 (121)

0 0 5 5 0

10 10 2 4 20 R 5 (45 ) R Height outside the corresponding depth area, Height 14.2 datum datum CD dangerous to surface navigation CD 5m 5m 10m 10m 20m 20m

28 Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions K

Underwater rock of known depth, 35 421.4 15 R not dangerous to surface navigation

Co 421.5 16 Co Coral reef which is always covered 58

5 19 17 8 Breakers 423.2 18 Br

d Discoloured water Discol † Discold 424.6

Hulk F Plane of Reference for Depths H Historic Wreck N Wrecks and Fouls

Wreck, hull never covers, on large-scale 422.1 20 charts

21 Wreck, hull covers and uncovers, on large-scale charts Wk Wk † †

Submerged wreck, depth known, on 5 6 5 422.1 22 2 5 2 Wk Wk Wk large-scale charts †

Submerged wreck, depth unknown, on 23 422.1 Wk large-scale charts Wk †

Wreck showing any part of hull or 422.2 24 superstructure at the level of Chart Datum

Mast (1·2) Wreck of which the mast(s) only are Masts Wk 422.2 25 visible at Chart Datum Funnel Mast (12 )

Wreck over which the depth has been Wk Wk 26 46 25 obtained by sounding but not by wire 422.4 sweep

Wreck, least depth obtained by wire 4 Wk 25 Wk 422.3 27 6 sweep or diver

Wreck, depth unknown, which is 28 considered potentially dangerous 422.5 to surface navigation

Wreck, in over 200m or depth unknown, which is considered not dangerous to 29 surface navigation. For information about 422.6 depth criteria, which may vary, see NP100, The Mariner’s Handbook

e Submerged wreck, depth unknown Wk †

29 K Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions

Wreck over which the exact depth is 20 Wk unknown, but which is considered to 422.5 30 have a safe clearance at the depth 422.7 shown

Foul area, not dangerous to surface ††Foul Foul navigation, but to be avoided by vessels Foul 422.8 31 anchoring, trawling, etc (eg remains of Foul 22 wreck, cleared platform) (where depth known)

f Navigation light on stranded wreck

Obstructions Plane of Reference for Depths H Kelp, Seaweed J Underwater Installations L

Obstruction or danger to navigation the Obstn 40 Obstn exact nature of which is not specified or 422.9 has not been determined, depth unknown

Obstn Obstruction, depth obtained by 46 16 Obstn 422.9 41 8 sounding but not wire sweep

Obstn Obstn Obstruction, least depth obtained by 4 168 422.9 42 6 wire sweep or diver

Obstn Stumps of posts or piles, wholly 43.1 submerged 327.5 Submerged pile, stake, snag or 43.2 stump (with exact position)

44.1 Fishing stakes † † 447.1

44.2 Fish trap, fish weir, tunny nets 447.2 †

45 Fish traps Tunny nets Fish trap area, tunny nets area 447.3 (U.S. waters only)

46.1 Fish haven

447.5

46.2 (24 ) Fish haven, with minimum depth 24

Shellfish beds, with no obstruction to 47 Shellfish Beds 447.4 navigation

Marine farm (on large-scale charts) Fish Fish 48.1 † farm † cages

447.6 48.2 Marine farm (on small-scale charts)

30 Offshore Installations L

Combined symbols K (General) Areas, Limits N General

EKOFISK Name of oilfield or gasfield 445.3 1 OILFIELD

2 Z - 44 Platform with designation/name † † 445.3

Limit of safety zone around offshore installation 439.2 3 445.16

4 Limit of development area

FI.Y 18 Wind turbine, lit wind turbine and 445.8 5.1 wind turbine with vertical clearance

5.2 Wind farm, wind farm with restricted area 445.9

Mooring Buoys Q Platforms and Moorings

Production platform, Platform, † † 445.2 10 Oil derrick

11 Fla Flare stack (at sea) 445.2

Fixed Single Point Mooring, including 445.2 SPM 12 Single Anchor Leg Mooring (SALM), 445.4 Articulated Loading Column (ALC) Observation / research platform Name 13 (with name)

14 Disused platform (disused)

Name 15 Artificial Island

Floating Single Point Mooring, including 16 Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring (CALM), 445.4 Single Buoy Mooring (SBM) Moored storage tanker including FSU 445.5 17 and FPSO

Mooring ground tackle for fixing floating 431.6 18 structures

Plane of Reference for Depths H Obstructions K Underwater Installations

20 15 Prod Well Prod Well Production well, with depth where known Well 445.5

Suspended well (wellhead and pipes 21.1 Well projecting from the seabed) over which 445.1 the depth is unknown

Suspended well over which the depth 15 Well 445.1 21.2 is known

Suspended well with height of wellhead Well (5.7) 21.3 above the sea floor

22 Site of cleared platform 422.8

31 L Offshore Installations

Above-water wellhead (lit and unlit). Pipe 23 Pipe (1 ) The drying height or height above 445.1 8 height datum is charted if known

FL(2) 24 Turbine Underwater Underwater turbine 445.10 Turbine Single Well Oil Production System. The depth shown is the least depth over the c wellhead. For substantial periods of 93 SWOPS 445.1 time a loading tanker is positioned over the wellhead

Underwater installations; template, Template Manifold d manifold 445.1

Submarine Cables

30.1 Submarine cable 443.1 †

443.2 30.2 Submarine cable area Cable Area † 439.3 † Power 31.1 Submarine power cable Power 443.2 †

443.2 31.2 Submarine power cable area Power Cable Area † 439.3

32 Disused submarine cable 443.7

Submarine Pipelines

Oil Gas Supply pipeline: unspecified, oil, Pipeline 444 40.1 gas, chemicals, water † 444.1 Chem Water

Supply pipeline area: unspecified, oil, Pipeline Pipeline 444.3 40.2 Oil Gas gas, chemicals, water † Area † Area 439.3

Chem Water

Sewer Water Sewer Outfall and intake: unspecified, water, † 444 41.1 sewer, outfall, intake Outfall 444.2 Outfall Intake †

Outfall and intake area: unspecified, Pipeline Pipeline 444.3 Water Sewer † † 41.2 water, sewer, outfall, intake Area Area 439.3

Outfall Intake

Buried pipeline / pipe (with nominal Buried 1 . 6m 444.5 42 depth to which buried)

43 3 2 Obstn Diffuser, crib 3 2 Diffuser 444.8

44 Disused pipeline / pipe 444.7

32 Tracks, Routes M

Tracks Marked by Lights P Leading Beacons Q Tracks

Bn Bn 270·5° † Bns in Line 270°30´ Leading line ( means “in line”, the 433.1 Ldg Bns 270·5° 433.2 1 continuous line is the track to be followed) 2 Bns 270·5° 433.3 270·5°

270·5° Transit (other than leading line), Island open of Bns in line 270·5° 433.4 2 Clearing line 433.5 Headland 270·5°

† 090°-270° Recommended track based on a system 434.1 3 of fixed marks † 434.2 †

090°-270° 270° DW Recommended track not based on a 434.1 4 system of fixed marks 434.2

One-way track and DW track based on † 5.1 a system of fixed marks DW † (see Note) 432.3 270° One-way track and DW track not based 5.2 on a system of fixed marks DW

7·3m Recommended track with maximum 432.4 434.3 6 authorised draught 7·3m 434.4

Routeing Measures - Basic Symbols

Established (mandatory) direction of 435.1 10 traffic flow

Recommended direction of traffic 11 flow 435.5

Separation line 435.1 12 (large-scale, small-scale) 436.3

Separation zone 435.1 13 436.3

Limit of restricted routeing measure 435.1 14 (e.g. Inshore Traffic Zone, Area to 436.3 be Avoided) 439.2

Limit of routeing measure 435.1 15 436.3

16 Precautionary Precautionary area 435.2 Area

Archipelagic Sea Lane; axis line and te) 17 limit beyond which vessels shall not No 435.10 navigate ASL (see Note) ASL (see † Fairway, designated by regulatory authority: 18 FAIRWAY 7.3m with minimum depth

FAIRWAY <7.3m> with maximum authorised draught

The term ‘recommended’ in connection with tracks and routeing measures does not imply recommendation by the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office. It is usually by a regulatory authority, but may be established by precedent.

33 M Tracks, Routes

Examples of Routeing Measures

20.1

20.3 e n n

26.1 o Z Z

20.2

21 c

i i f f f a r T

o r e Tr af f e sh i c Z r In o n 25.2 e o h RW s n I

28.1

25.1 RW

RW 23 22 20.1 26.1

20.1

28.2

(see Note) 24

29.1

e e

n n

o o Z Z

Area to be c c 29.2 Avoided i

(see Note) f

f 25.1 a W r D T 27.1

26.2 e r DW 20m DW 22. 5m 27.2 o h s n I

a SAFETY FAIRWAY (see Note)

DW DW DW 27.3 DW DW

34 Tracks, Routes M

Examples of Routeing Measures (see diagram on page 34)

20.1 Traffic separation scheme (TSS), traffic separated by separation zone 435.1

20.2 Traffic separation scheme, traffic separated by natural obstructions 435.1

20.3 Traffic separation scheme, with outer separation zone, separating traffic using scheme from traffic not using it 435.1

21 Traffic separation scheme, roundabout 435.1

22 Traffic separation scheme with “crossing gates” 435.1

23 Traffic separation schemes crossing, without designated precautionary area 435.1

24 Precautionary area 435.2

25.1 Inshore traffic zone (ITZ), with defined end limits 435.1

25.2 Inshore traffic zone, without defined end limits 435.1

26.1 Recommended direction of traffic flow, between traffic separation schemes 435.5

26.2 Recommended direction of traffic flow, for ships not needing a deep water route 435.5

27.1 Deep water route (DW), as part of one-way traffic lane 435.3

27.2 Two-way deep water route, with minimum depth stated 435.3

27.3 Deep water route, centre line shown as recommended one-way or two-way track 435.3

28.1 Recommended route (often marked by centre line buoys) 435.4

28.2 Two-way route with one-way sections 435.6

29.1 Area to be avoided (ATBA), around navigational aid 435.7

29.2 Area to be avoided, because of danger of stranding 435.7

a Safety fairway 432.2

Radar Surveillance System

487 30 Radar Surveillance Station Radar surveillance station 487.3

Cuxha Ra ven 31 Radar range 487.1

32.1 Ra Radar reference line 487.2 Radar reference line coinciding with a 090° - 270° 32.2 Ra leading line

Radio Reporting

B Radio calling-in point, way point, or B 40.1 reporting point (with designation, if any) 488 7 showing direction(s) of vessel movement 7 †

Radio reporting line (with designation, 40.2 if any) showing direction(s) of vessel 488.1 movement † †

Ferries

† Ferry 50 Ferry Ferry 438.1 †

51 Cable Ferry Cable Ferry 438.2

35 N Areas, Limits

General Dredged and Swept Areas I Submarine Cables, Submarine Pipelines L Tracks Routes M

Maritime limit in general, usually implying 1.1 permanent physical obstructions (for emphasis) 439.1 439.6 Maritime limit in general, usually implying 1.2 no permanent physical obstructions (for emphasis)

2.1 Limit of restricted area (for emphasis) 439.2 439.3 439.6 441.6 2.2 Limit of area into which entry is prohibited Entry Prohibited †

Anchorages, Anchorage Areas

Reported anchorage 10 431.1 (no defined limits) †

11.1 A N53 14 Anchor berths N53 † 431.2 Anchor berths with swinging A N53 14 N53 11.2 circle shown †

431.3 12.1 Anchorage area in general

Numbered anchorage area 1 1 12.2 No 1 ††

Named anchorage area 12.3 Oaze

Deep water anchorage area, anchorage area for deep-draught 12.4 DW vessels Tanker anchorage area. This symbol may be adapted for other types of vessel, 12.5 Tanker e.g. small craft

Anchorage area for periods up to 12.6 24h 24 hours

12.7 Explosives anchorage area

12.8 Quarantine anchorage area

12.9 Reserved Reserved anchorage area (see Note)

13 Seaplane operating area 449.6 †

14 Anchorage for seaplanes 449.6

†

36 Areas, Limits N

Restricted Areas

431.4 Anchoring 439.3 20 Anchoring prohibited † Prohibited † 439.4

Fishing prohibited 439.3 21 439.4

Environmentally Sensitive Sea Areas: Example MR MR Limit of marine reserve, national park, non-specific nature reserve Marine Nature Reserve Examples Bird sanctuary, seal sanctuary (other † (see Note) 437.3 animal silhouettes may be used for 437.6 22 specialized areas) 437.7 Particularly Sensitive Sea Area PSSA (coloured tint band may vary in width between 1 and 5mm)

Explosives Dumping Explosives Dumping Explosives dumping ground 23.1 Ground Ground 442.1 † 442.2 442.3 442.4 Explosives Dumping 23.2 Explosives Dumping Ground Explosives dumping ground (disused) Ground (disused) (disused) †

442.1 24 Dumping Ground for Dumping ground for chemical waste 442.2 Chemicals 442.3

† D.G. Range Degaussing range 448.1 25 Degaussing Range 448.2 DG Range

26 Historic Wk Historic wreck and restricted area 449.5

27 5kn Maximum speed 430.2

a Seabed operations dangerous/prohibited

b Diving prohibited

Military Practice Areas

441.1 Firing practice area 441.2 30 441.3

Military restricted area into which 31 entry is prohibited Entry Prohibited 441.6 †

Mine-laying (and counter-measure) 441.4 32 practice area

Submarine transit lane and exercise 441.5 33 area SUBMARINE EXERCISE AREA

34 Minefield Minefield Mine Danger Area 441.8 (see Note)

37 N Areas, Limits

International Boundaries and National Limits

DANMARK DENMARK 40 International boundary on land 440.1 DEUTSCHLAND † GERMANY

UNITED KINGDOM UNITED KINGDOM NORWAY 41 International maritime boundary † 440.3 NORGE † Continental Shelf Boundary

Straight territorial sea baseline with 440.4 42 base point

43 Seaward limit of Territorial Sea 440.5

44 Seaward limit of Contiguous Zone 440.6

45 National fishery limits 440.7

46 Continental Shelf Limit of Continental Shelf 440.8

47 EEZ Limit of Exclusive Economic Zone 440.9

48 Customs limit 440.2

49 Harbour Limit Harbour limit Harbour Limit 430.1 †

Various Limits

(2008) Limit of fast ice, Ice front (with date) 60.1 I I I I I I I

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

449.1 I I I I I I I I I 60.2 (2008) Limit of sea ice (pack ice) seasonal (with date) †

Floating barrier, including log ponds, † † 61 Log Pond Booming Timber 449.2 security barriers, ice booms, shark nets Ground

62.1 Spoil Ground Spoil ground 446.1 446.2 Spoil Ground Spoil ground (disused) 62.2 (disused)

63 Extraction Area Extraction (dredging) area Dredging Area 446.4 †

64 Cargo Transhipment Area Cargo transhipment area 449.4

Incineration Area Incineration area Area for burning 449.3 65 refuse material † †

38 Lights P

Beacons Q Light Structures, Major Floating Lights

Major light, minor light , light, Lt LtHo 470.5 1 lighthouse

2 Lighted offshore platform 445.2

Bn 456.4 BnTr Bn 457.1 3 Lighted beacon tower † Tower † Tr BY 457.2

Lighted beacon On smaller scale charts, where navigation 457.1 Bn within recognition range of the daymark is 4 G R 457.2 R BRB unlikely, lighted beacons are charted R BRB solely as lights

459.1 5 Bn Lighted buoyant beacon, resilient beacon 459.2 R Major floating light (light vessel, major 462.9 6 light float, Large Automatic Navigational LtV 474 Buoy (LANBY)) †

Navigation lights on landmarks a or other structures

Minor lights, fixed and floating, usually conform to IALA Maritime Buoyage System characteristics

Bearings of Light Off Chart Limits

19´ 18´ 17´ 16´ 5˚15´ b

00 350° 34 330° 320° 310

0° 0° °

True Bearings of Sgat Mór Light

39 P Lights

Light Characters Light Characters on Light Buoys Q 471.2

Abbreviation Class of Light Illustration Period shown International National

10.1 F Fixed

10.2 Occulting (total duration of light longer than total duration of darkness)

Oc Occ Single-occulting †

Oc(2) GpOcc(2) Group-occulting Example Example †

Oc(2+3) GpOcc(2+3) Composite group-occulting Example Example † 10.3 Isophase (duration of light and darkness equal)

lso Isophase

10.4 Flashing (total duration of light shorter than total duration of darkness)

Fl Single-flashing

Fl(3) GpFl(3) Group-flashing Example Example †

Fl(2+1) GpFl(2+1) Example Composite group-flashing Example †

10.5 LFl Long-flashing (flash 2s or longer)

10.6 Quick (repetition rate of 50 to 79 - usually either 50 or 60 - flashes per minute)

Q QkFl Continuous quick †

Q(3) QkFl(3) Group quick Example Example †

IQ IntQkFl Interrupted quick † 10.7 Very quick (repetition rate of 80 to 159 - usually either 100 or 120 - flashes per minute)

VQ VQkFl Continuous very quick †

VQ(3) VQkFl(3) Group very quick Example Example †

IVQ IntVQkFl Interrupted very quick † 10.8 Ultra quick (repetition rate of 160 or more - usually 240 to 300 - flashes per minute)

UQ Continuous ultra quick

IUQ Interrupted ultra quick

Mo(K) 10.9 Example Morse Code

10.10 FFl Fixed and flashing

Al.WR Alt.WR Alternating W R W R W R 10.11 Example Example †

40 Lights P

Colours of Lights and Marks

White (for lights, only on sector and 450.2 W 450.3 11.1 alternating lights) 470.4 470.6 11.2 R Red 471.4 475.1 11.3 G Green

11.4 Bu Blue † Bl 11.5 Vi Violet 11.6 Y Yellow

11.7 Y Or Orange † Or 11.8 Y Am Amber

Colours of lights shown on: standard charts on multicoloured charts

on multicoloured charts at sector lights

Period

12 90s 2·5s Period in seconds and tenths of a second 90sec 471.5 Examples †

Plane of Reference for Heights H Tidal Levels H Elevation

On fathoms charts, the elevation of a light 13 12m Elevation of light given in metres 471.6 Example is given in feet e.g. 40ft

Note: Charted ranges are nominal ranges given in sea miles Range

15M Light with single range Example 471.7 14 15/10M Light with two different ranges 15,10M 471.9 Example † 475.5

15-7M Light with three or more ranges 15,10,7M Example †

Disposition

(hor) horizontally disposed (horl.) 471.8 † 15 (vert) vertically disposed (vertl.) 471.8 †

Example of a full Light Description 471.9

16 Example of a light description on a metric chart using international Example of a light description on a fathoms chart using international abbreviations: Fl(3)WRG.15s13m7-5M abbreviations: Al.Fl.WR.30s110ft23/22M Fl(3) Class or character of light: in this example a group-flashing Al.Fl. Class or character of light: in this example exhibiting light, regularly repeating a group of three flashes. single flashes of differing colours alternately. WRG. Colours of light: white, red and green, exhibiting the WR. Colours of light shown alternately: white and red all-round different colours in defined sectors. (ie, not a sector light). 15s Period of light in seconds, i.e., the time taken to exhibit 30s Period of light in seconds, ie, the time taken to exhibit the one full sequence of 3 flashes and eclipses: 15 seconds. sequence of two flashes and two eclipses: 30 seconds. 13m Elevation of focal plane above height datum: 13 metres. 110ft Elevation of focal plane above height datum: 110 feet. 7-5M Luminous range in sea miles: the distance at which a 23/22M Range in sea miles. Until 1971 the lesser of geographical light of a particular intensity can be seen in ‘clear’ range (based on a height of eye of 15 feet) and luminous visibilty, taking no account of earth curvature. In those range was charted. Now, when the charts are corrected, countries (eg United Kingdom) where the term ‘clear’ is luminous (or nominal) range is given. In this example the defined as a meteorological visibilty of 10 sea miles, the luminous ranges of the colours are: white 23 miles, red 22 range may be termed “nominal”. In this example the miles. The geographical range can be found from the table ranges of the colours are: white 7 miles, green 5 miles, in the Admiralty List of Lights (for the elevation of 110 feet, red between 7 and 5 miles. it would be 16 miles).

41 P Lights

Lights marking Fairways Note: Quoted bearings are always from seaward

Leading Lights and Lights in line

O O c. 225·3° c. O 6 O 6 c. s c. s 3s ° 3 . 3 s 433 Leading lights with leading line 433.1 20.1 (the firm line is the track to be followed) 433.2 Ldg Lts 225 433.3 and arcs of visibility 475.1 475.6 Oc.3s8m12M Oc.3s8m12M

Oc.6s24m15M Oc.6s24m15M †

2M Leading lights ( means “in line”; the 2M . 4 s1 . 4s 1 433.2 O c O c& Oc. R 26 9 3° firm line is the track to be followed; the Occ. Lights in line 269°18´ 433.3 20.2 O O c. light descriptions will be at the light stars cc. 4 R. 4 475.6 s1 or on the leading line, not usually both). s1 R. 0 M † 0 M

265° 433.1 20.3 LdgOc.W&R Leading lights on small-scale charts Oc.W&R 475.6

Fl.G Fl.G 270° Lights in line (marking the sides 433.4 Light s in line 092° 21 of a channel) 475.6 270° 2Fl.R † Fl Fl

22 Rear Lt or Upper Lt Rear or upper light Upr. 470.7 †

23 Front Lt or Lower Lt Front or lower light Lr 470.7 †

Direction Lights

Direction light with narrow sector Dir 269° 30.1 and course to be followed, flanked DirLt Fl(2)5s10m11M by darkness or unintensified light †

Oc.12s6M Dir 299 55·5° Dir 2 Direction light with course to be ° 30.2 followed, uncharted sector is flanked DirLt 471.3 by darkness or unintensified light 471.9 475 Fl(2)15s11M † 475.1 475.5 475.7 F.

G Al.WG Direction light with narrow fairway sector 30.3 Oc.W.4s flanked by light sectors of different DirWRG. Al.WR characters on standard charts R 15-5M . F

G Al.WG Direction light with narrow fairway sector 30.4 Oc.W.4s flanked by light sectors of different DirWRG. Al.WR characters on multicoloured charts

R 15-5M . F

Moiré effect light (day and night), Dir 286° 31 variable arrow mark. Arrows show 475.8 when course alteration needed

42 Lights P

Sector Lights

40.1 W Sector light on standard charts Fl.WRG.4s21m

18-12M R 475 475.1 475.2 475.5 G

40.2 W Sector light on multicoloured charts Fl.WRG.4s21m

18-12M R

G l. s F me .3 W G Na l. F Fl.R

W Sector lights on standard charts, 41.1 the white sector limits marking the

Oc.WRG. R sides of the fairway 10-6M O c.R Name Oc. Oc.W G 475 475.1 475.5 G s l. me 470.4 F .3

W G Na l. F R Fl.

W Sector lights on multicoloured charts, 41.2 the white sector limits marking the

Oc.WRG. R sides of the fairway 10-6M O Name c.R O c.W Oc. G Fl(3)10s62m25M F.R.55m12M Main light visible all-round with 471.8 42 red subsidiary light seen over danger 475.4

R .

O O

b b

sc sc

43 d All-round light with obscured sector d 475.3 Fl.5s41m30M Fl.5s41m30M

G W

R 44 Light with arc of visibility deliberately 475.3 Iso.WRG restricted R

Faint

45 Light with faint sector 475.3 Q.14m5M

R.5

Oc.R.8s M

R.9M

M 5 . R 46 Light with intensified sector 475.5 Oc.R.8s5M R

R. Intens

R R

Oc.R.8s 5 Oc.R.8s5/2M M c Light with unintensified sector

s n M e 2 t . in R n U R. 43 P Lights

Lights with limited Times of Exhibition

† (fishg.) Lights exhibited only when specially needed (e.g. for fishing vessels, ferries) † (Priv.) 473.2 50 F. R (occas) and some private lights † (occasl.)

Daytime light (charted only where the 51 Fl.10s40m27M character shown by day differs from Fl.10s40m27M 473.4 (F.37m11M Day ) that shown at night) (F.37m11M by Day) †

Fog light (exhibited only in fog, or 52 Q.WRG.5m10-3M Q.WRG.5m10-3M 473.5 (Fl.5s Fog) character changes in fog) Fl.5s (in Fog)

†

Unwatched (unmanned) light with no Fl.5s(U) 473.1 53 standby or emergency arrangements

†

54 (temp) Temporary † (temp) † (tempy.)

55 (exting) Extinguished † (extingd.)

b Synchronized (synchronous or sequential) (sync) or (sync)

Special Lights Flare Stack (at Sea) L Flare Stack (on Land) E Signal Stations T

60 AeroAl.Fl.WG.7·5s11M Aero light (may be unreliable) 476.1

AeroF.R.353m11M Air obstruction light of high intensity 476.2

61.1 RADIO MAST (353) ( (

(( ( 61.2 (89) (R Lts) Air obstruction lights of low intensity (Red Lt.) 476.2 †

62 Fog Det Lt Fog detector light 477

63 (illuminated) Floodlit, floodlighting of a structure (illum) † (lit) 478.2

Iso F 64 F. R Strip light 478.5

Private light other than one Y.Lt 65 F. R (priv) † (Priv) 473.2 exhibited occasionally R.Lt

44 Buoys, Beacons Q

IALA Maritime Buoyage System, which includes Beacons Q 130 Buoys and Beacons

General

455.3 1 Position of buoy or beacon 460.1 462.1

Abbreviations for colours (lights) P 11 Colour of Buoys and Beacon Topmarks

2 Single colour; green (G) and black (B) B G G B G G G †

3 Single colour other than green and R R Y YOrR black: red (R), yellow (Y), orange (Or) R Y Or † 450 450.1 Multiple colours in horizontal bands: the 450.2 4 450.3 colour sequence is from top to bottom BW RW BR BW 464 BY GRG BRB † 464.1 464.2 Multiple colours in vertical or diagonal 464.3 stripes; the darker colour is given first. In these examples, red(R), white(W), BR BW BW 5 RW RW BuY RW RW blue (Bu), yellow (Y) & black(B) † Retroreflecting material may be fitted to some unlit marks. Charts do not usually 6 show it. Black bands will appear dark blue Refl under a spotlight †

Single colour other than green and black † W Gy Bu a (non-IALA system: white (W) grey (Gy), 464 blue (Bu)) (non-IALA) (non-IALA) (non-IALA) WGyBu

b Wreck buoy (not used in the IALA System) † G G GG

c Chequered † BR BW RW BW

Marks with Fog Signals R Lighted Marks

7 Fl.G Fl.R Lighted marks on standard charts G (examples) R † 457.1 466 466.1 Fl.R Iso Fl.G Lighted marks on multicoloured 8 R RW G charts (examples)

For Application of Topmarks within the IALA System Q 130 Radar reflector S Topmarks and Radar Reflectors

Non-IALA System 9 IALA System buoy topmarks 463 (beacon topmarks shown upright) etc. 463.1

450 Name Beacon with topmark, colour, radar Ra.Refl 10 ´2´ No.2 455.2 2 reflector and designation (example) '' 2'' 455.7 R R R R †

Buoy with topmark, colour, radar 460.3 11 Name reflector and designation (example). Ra.Refl 460.6 3 Radar reflectors are not generally ´3´ No.3 ''No.3'' 465.1 G G 465.2 charted on IALA System buoys †

45 Q Buoys, Beacons

Buoys Features Common to Beacons and Buoys Q 1-11

Shapes

20 Conical buoy, nun buoy, ogival buoy etc. 462.2 †

21 Can buoy, cylindrical buoy etc. 462.3 †

22 Spherical buoy etc. 462.4 †

23 Pillar buoy 462.5 †

24 Spar buoy, spindle buoy 462.6 †

25 Barrel buoy, tun buoy 462.7

Superbuoy. Superbuoys are very large buoys, e.g. a LANBY (P6) is a navigational aid mounted on a circular 445.4 26 hull of about 5m diameter. Oil or gas 460.4 installation buoys (L16) and ODAS buoys 462.9 (Q58), of similar size, are shown by 474 variations of the superbuoy symbol †

Minor Light Floats

Fl.G.3s Light float as part of IALA System 462.8 30 G Name

31 Fl.10s Light float not part of IALA System 462.8 † B R B

Mooring Buoys Oil or Gas Installation Buoy L Visitors’ (Small Craft) Mooring U

40 Mooring buoy † 431.5

431.5 466.1 41 Fl.Y.2·5s Lighted mooring buoy (example) 466.2 466.3 466.4

Trot, mooring buoys with ground 323.1 1 2 42 tackle and berth numbers 1 2 431.6

†

Mooring buoy with telegraphic or 43 telephonic communications 431.5

Small Craft Numerous moorings (example) 431.7 44 Moorings

46 Buoys, Beacons Q

The symbols shown below are examples: shapes of buoys may differ; lateral or cardinal Special Purpose Buoys buoys may be used in some situations; the use of the cross topmark is optional.

DZ Firing danger area (Danger Zone) buoy 441.2 50 Y

Target Target 51 Y

Marker Ship Marker Ship 52 Y

Barge Barge 53 Y

54 DG Degaussing Range buoy 448.2 Y

55 Cable Cable buoy Cable 443.6 Y †

56 Spoil ground buoy 446.3 Y

57 Buoy marking outfall 444.4 Y

Data collection buoy (Ocean 58 ODAS Data Acquisition System) of ODAS 462.9 superbuoy size †

59 Buoy marking wave recorder or Y current meter

60 Seaplane anchorage buoy

Buoy marking traffic separation 61 scheme

62 Buoy marking recreation zone Y d Racing mark Y

Seasonal Buoys

70 (priv) Buoy privately maintained (example) Y

Seasonal buoy (the example shows a yellow (Apr-Oct)) (1.4 -15.10) (occas) 460.5 71 Y spherical buoy on station Y Y between April and October)

47 Q Buoys, Beacons

Beacons Lighted Beacons P Features Common to Beacons and Buoys Q 1-11

General

Beacon in general, characteristics 80 Bn unknown or chart scale too small to 455.5 show

Beacon with colour, no distinctive 455.4 456 81 BW topmark (example) 456.3

455.4 Beacon with colour and topmark 82 etc. 456 R BY BRB (examples) WBWB R 463 463.1 †

Beacon on submerged rock 83 455.6 BRB (topmark and colours as appropriate) BRB

Beacon which does not conform (non-IALA) e with the IALA system W

Minor Impermanent Marks usually in Drying Areas (Lateral Mark for Minor Channel) Minor Pile F

90 Stake, pole 456.1 † PORT HAND STARBOARD HAND 91 Perch, stake 456.1 †

92 Withy 456.1 ††

Minor Marks, usually on Land Landmarks E

100 Cairn Cairn 456.2 †

Coloured or white mark (the colour Mk 456.2 101 may be indicated)

102.1 Coloured topmark (colour known or RW unknown) with function of a beacon R G 456.3 Painted boards with function of 102.2 RW RW leading beacons

Beacon Towers

Beacons towers without and with Bn Bn etc. 110 topmarks and colours (examples) † Tower † Tr 456.4 R G R G BY BRB

111 Lattice beacon 456.4

48 Buoys, Beacons Q

Leading Lines, Clearing Lines M Special Purpose Beacons

Note: Topmarks and colours are shown where scale permits

120 270° Leading beacons Bn Bn Ldg Bns 270° 458 (the firm line is the track to be followed) †

270° Beacons marking a clearing line Bn Bn Lts in line 270° 458 121 or transit †

Beacons marking measured distance with quoted bearings. 458 122 The track is shown as a firm line if e a s u r e d D is ta nc e M it is to be followed precisely 18 5 2 m 088·5°-268·5°

123 Cable landing beacon (example) 443.5 Y 458

124 Ref Ref Refuge beacon 456.4

125 Firing practice area beacons

126 Notice board NB 456.2

49 Q Buoys, Beacons

IALA International Association of Marine Aids 130 IALA Maritime Buoyage System to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities NP 735

Where in force, the IALA System applies to all fixed and floating marks except landfall lights, leading lights and marks, sectored lights and major floating lights. The standard buoy shapes are cylindrical (can) , conical , spherical , pillar , and spar , but variations may occur, for example: minor light floats In the illustrations below, only the standard buoy shapes are used. In the case of fixed beacons (lit or unlit) only the shape of the topmark is of navigational significance.

130.1 Lateral marks are generally for well-defined channels. There are two international Buoyage Regions - A and B - where Lateral marks differ.

Port-hand Marks are red with REGION Port-hand Marks are green with REGION cylindrical topmarks (if any). G cylindrical topmarks (if any). G R A R B R Lights are red and have any G Lights are green and have any rhythm except Fl(2+1)G Preferred channel rhythm except Fl(2+1)R Preferred channel R to Starboard to Starboard G Fl(2+1)R, if lit Fl(2+1)G, if lit R G R RGR G GRG

G R R R G G R G Preferred channel to Port Preferred channel to Port Fl(2+1)G, if lit Fl(2+1)R, if lit Starboard-hand Marks are green Starboard-hand Marks are red GRG RGR with conical topmarks (if any). with conical topmarks (if any). G Lights are green and have any R Lights are red and have any R G G rhythm except Fl(2+1)G R rhythm except Fl(2+1)R

A preferred channel buoy may also be a pillar or a spar. All preferred channel marks have three horizontal bands of colour.

130.2 Symbol showing direction of buoyage Symbol showing direction of buoyage where where not obvious. not obvious, on multicoloured charts (red and green circles coloured as appropriate).

130.3 Cardinal Marks indicating navigable water to the named side of the marks. Cardinal marks have the same meaning in Regions A and B UNLIT MARKS LIGHTED MARKS

Topmark: 2 black cones Ti m e ( s e c o n d s ) White light 0 5 10 15 North Mark Period shown NW Black above yellow NE † North VQ VQkFl Mark or Q or QkFl BY BY BY BY † East West Mark East Mark VQ(3)5s VQkFl(3)5s Mark or Q(3)10s or QkFl(3)10s BYB BYB Point of † interest YBY YBY BYB BYB South VQ(6)+LFl.10s VQkFl(6)+LFl.10s Mark or Q(6)+LFl.15s or QkFl(6)+LFl.15s Yellow with black Black with yellow YB YB band band † West VQ(9)10s VQkFl(9)10s Mark or Q(9)15s or QkFl(9)15s YB YB YBY YBY

SW South Mark SE The same abbreviations are used for lights on spar buoys and beacons. Yellow above black The periods, 5s, 10s and 15s, may not always be charted.

130.4 Isolated Danger Marks, stationed over dangers with navigable water around them. Body: black with red horizontal band(s) † Topmark: 2 black spheres Fl(2) GpFl(2) White light BRB BRB BRB BRB

130.5 Safe Water Marks, such as mid-channel and landfall marks. † Body: red and white vertical stripes Iso, or Occ Topmark (if any): red sphere Oc, or White light LFl.10s, or RW RW RW RW RW RW Mo(A)

130.6 Special Marks, not primarily to assist navigation but to indicate special features. Body: (shape optional): yellow Fl.Y Yellow light Topmark (if any): yellow X etc. etc. Y Y Y Y Y Y

50 Fog Signals R

Fog Detector Light P Fog Light P General

451 Position of fog signal. Type of fog signal 1 † Fog Sig 451.2 not stated 452.8

Types of Fog Signals, Abbreviations

10 Explos Explosive † Gun 452.1

11 Dia Diaphone 452.2

12 Siren Siren 452.3

13 Horn Horn (nautophone, reed, tyfon) † Nauto † E.F. Horn † Tyfon † Reed 452.4

14 Bell Bell 452.5

15 Whis Whistle 452.6

16 Gong Gong 452.7

Examples of Fog Signal Descriptions

Siren at a lighthouse, giving a long blast 452.3 Fl.3s70m29M followed by a short one (N), repeated 20 453.3 Siren Mo(N)60s every 60 seconds

Wave-actuated bell buoy. The provision of a legend indicating number of emissions, and sometimes the 452.5 21 Bell 453 period, distinguishes automatic bell or 454.1 whistle buoys from those actuated by waves

Light buoy, with horn giving a single Q(6)+LFl.15s Reserve fog signals are fitted to certain buoys 452.4 22 Horn(1)15sWhis blast every 15 seconds, in conjunction Only those actuated by waves are charted 453.1 YB with a wave-actuated whistle 454.3

The Fog Signal symbol (R1) will usually be omitted when associated with another navigation aid (e.g. light or buoy) when a description of the signal is given

51 S Radar, Radio, Satellite Navigation Systems

Radar Radar Structures Forming Landmarks E Radar Surveillance Systems M

Coast radar station providing range Ra 485.1 1 and bearing from station on request

Ramark, radar beacon transmitting Ramark 486.1 2 continuously

Radar transponder beacon, with 486.2 Racon(Z) (3cm) morse identification, responding Racon(Z) 3.1 486.3 within the 3cm (X) band † Radar transponder beacon, with 3.2 Racon(Z) (10cm) morse identification, responding within the 10cm (S) band 486.3 Radar transponder beacon, with morse 3.3 Racon(Z) identification, responding within the 3cm (X) Racon(Z) (3 & 10cm) and the 10cm (S) bands (or band unknown) †

d c s

O Racon(P) Radar transponder beacon with n n

o o sector of obscured reception

c c

a a R

3.4 486.4

o Radar transponder beacon with

Racon(Z) n

( (

Z Z sector of reception ) )

Racons 270 Leading radar transponder beacons Racon Racon (‡ and ‡ mean “in line”) 486.5 3.5 433.3 Lts 270 Leading radar transponder beacons Racon Racon Racons 270 coincident with leading lights

Racon Racon Radar transponder beacons on 486.2 3.6 floating marks (examples)

Radar reflector (not usually 460.3 Ra.Refl. 4 charted on IALA System buoys 465 and buoyant beacons) †

5 Radar conspicuous feature Ra conspic 485.2 †

52 Radar, Radio, Satellite Navigation Systems S

Radio Structures Forming Landmarks E Radio Reporting (Calling-in or Way) Points M Radio

Name Non-directional marine or 481.1 10 RC aeromarine radiobeacon 480.1 †

Dir.Ro.Bn RD 269·5° Directional radiobeacon with bearing line Dir.Ro.Bn 269°30´ RD † † 11 481.2 Lts 270° Directional radiobeacon coincident with RD 270° leading lights † RD

12 RW Rotating pattern radiobeacon 481.1 †

13 Consol Consol beacon 481.3 †

14 RG Radio direction-finding station Ro.D.F 483 †

Coast radio station providing R Ro. 484 15 QTG service † †

16 Aero RC Aeronautical radiobeacon 482 †

AIS 489.1 17.1 Automatic Identification System transmitter

Automatic Identification System 17.2 AIS AIS transmitters on floating marks (examples) 489.1

Satellite Navigation Systems

50 WGS WGS72 WGS84 World Geodetic System, 1972 or 1984 201

Note: A note may be shown to indicate the shifts of latitude and longitude, to one, two or three decimal places of a minute, depending on the scale of the chart, which should be made to satellite-derived positions (which are referred to WGS84) to relate them to the chart. See Annual Notice 202 to Mariners No.19.

Station providing Differential Global DGPS 481.5 51 Positioning System corrections

53 T Services

Pilotage

Pilot boarding place, position of 1.1 † Pilots † Pilots pilot cruising vessel

Pilot boarding place, position of 491.1 1.2 Name pilot cruising vessel, with name 491.2 (e.g. District, Port) 491.6 Pilot boarding place, position of 1.3 Note pilot cruising vessel, with note (e.g. Tanker, Disembarkation)

1.4 H Pilots transferred by helicopter 491.2

Pilot office with Pilot lookout, Pilot lookout 491.3 2 Pilot lookout station

3 Pilots Pilot office 491.4

Port with pilotage service Port Name 491.5 4 (Pilots) (boarding place not shown)

Coastguard, Rescue

492 10 CG CG CG Coastguard station CGFS 492.1 492.2

11 CG CG CG Coastguard station with Rescue station CGFS 493.3

493 Rescue station, Lifeboat station, LB 12 Rocket station 493.1 †

13 Lifeboat lying at a mooring 493.2

14 Ref Refuge for shipwrecked mariners 456.4

54 Services T

Stations

20 SS Signal station in general † Sig Sta † Sig Stn 490.3

Signal station showing International SS(INT) 495.5 21 Port Traffic Signals

Traffic signal station, Port entry and 22 SS(Traffic) 495.1 departure signals

23 SS(Port Control) Port control signal station 495.1

24 SS(Lock) Lock signal station 495.2

25.1 SS(Bridge) Bridge passage signal station 495.3

F. 25.2 Traffic Sig Bridge lights including traffic signals 495.4

26 SS Distress signal station 497

27 SS Telegraph station 497.1

28 SS(Storm) Storm signal station † Storm Sig † Stm. Sig. Stn. 494.1

Weather signal station, 29 SS(Weather) 494.1 Wind signal station

30 SS(Ice) Ice signal station 494.1

31 SS(Time) Time signal station 494.2

32.1 Tide scale or gauge Tide gauge 496.1

32.2 Tide gauge Automatically recording tide gauge

33 SS(Tide) Tide signal station 496.2

34 SS(Stream) Tidal stream signal station 496.3

35 SS(Danger) Danger signal station 490.1

36 SS(Firing) Firing practice signal station 490.1

55 U Small Craft (Leisure) Facilities

Transport Features, Bridges D Pilots, Coastguard, Rescue, Signal Stations T Small Craft (Leisure) Facilities Public Buildings, Cranes F

1.1 Yacht harbour, Marina 320.2

1.2 Yacht berths without facilities

2 Visitors´ berth V

3 Visitors´ mooring V

4 Yacht club, Sailing club

5 Public slipway

6 Boat hoist

7 Public landing, Steps, Ladder

8 Sailmaker

9 Boatyard

10 Public house, Inn

11 Restaurant

12 Chandler

13 Provisions

14 Bank, Bureau de change

15 Physician, Doctor

16 Pharmacy, Chemist

17 Water tap

18 Fuel station (Petrol, Diesel)

19 Electricity

56 Small Craft (Leisure) Facilities U

20 Bottled gas

21 Showers

22 Laundrette

23 Public toilets WC

24 Post box

25 Public telephone

26 Refuse bin

27 Public car park P

28 Parking for boats and trailers

29 Caravan site

30 Camping site

31 Water police

MARINA FACILITIES 32 Holding T VHF Radio ChannelsTelephone Area Code Swinging Moorings Telephone Number Crane/Boat PontoonHoist Berthing Scrub Launching Slip ank Disposal Fax Number Bottled Gas Laundrette HARBOUR / MARINA Electricity bing Berth Chandlery Repairs Show FACILITIES DieselPetrol ers

FALMOUTH - Falmouth Visitors Yacht Haven 12 +44 (0) 1326 312285 211352 - Mylor Yacht Harbour 80/M +44 (0) 1326 372121 372120 HELFORD - Helford Moorings Officer - +44 (0) 1326 250749 -

Marina Facilities may be tabulated on harbour charts and large scale coastal charts. indicates that the facility is available at the marina itself. Laundrettes etc. located outside the marina are not included. The facilities may not be available outside normal working hours. All marinas have water, toilets and rubbish disposal.

Corrections Information on small craft (leisure) facilities will be updated as charts are revised by New Edition. The United Kingdom Hydrographic Office would be pleased to receive reports of alterations or additions to small craft facilities.

57 V Abbreviations of Principal Non-English Terms

Glossaries of non--English terms will be found in the volumes of Admiralty Sailing Directions. On metric Admiralty charts, non--English terms are generally given in full wherever space and information permits. Where abbreviations are used on metric charts they accord with the following list, apart from those on charts published before 1980 where full stops are omitted. Obsolescent forms of abbreviations may also be found on these charts and on reproductions of other nations’ charts.

CURRENT OBSOLESCENT TERM ENGLISH CURRENT OBSOLESCENT TERM ENGLISH FORM FORM(S) MEANING FORM FORM(S) MEANING

ALBANIAN FRENCH (continued) K Kodër, Kodra Hill F. Fl Fleuve Large river Ft. Ft Fort Fort ARABIC G. Golfe Gulf Djeb, Dj Djebel Mountain, Hill Gd, Gd,Gde,Gde Grand, Grande Great Geb. G Gebel Mountain, Hill Ht.Fd. H.F.,Htfd,Htfd, Haut--fond Shoal J. Jab, Jl Jabal, Jibºl, Jebel Mountain(s), Hill(s) Ht fond Jaz. Jazt JazØrat, Jazº’ir JazØreh Island(s), Peninsula Î. I, It Île, Îles, Îlot Island(s), Islet Jeb. J, Jl Jebel Mountain, Hill L. Lac Lake Jez. Jezt JezØrat Island, Peninsula Mn, Min Moulin Mill Kh. K Khawr, Khër Inlet, Channel Mlg. Mge, Mage, Mou Mouillage Anchorage Si, Si Sidi Tomb Mt. Mt Mont Mount, Mountain W. Wºd, Wºdi Valley, River, River N.D. Notre Dame Our Lady bed P. P o r t Port Pet, Pit,Pite,Pt Petit, Petite Small Pit. Pn, Pon Piton Peak CHINESE Pl. Plage Beach Chg. Chg Chiang River, Shoal, Plat. Pla, Platu Plateau Tableland, Sunken Harbour, Inlet, flat Channel, Sound Pte. Pte Pointe Point Qu. Q Quai Quay R. Rau, Riv, Rau Rivière, Ruisseau River, Stream DANISH Rav, Rne Ravine Ravine B. Bugt Bay, Bight Rf. Récif Reef k Bk. B Banke Bank Roc. Re, Re,Rer,Rer Roche, Rocher Rock d Fj. F Fjord Inlet S. St, St,Ste,Ste Saint, Sainte Saint, Holy d d Gr. Grd, Gr ,G Grund Shoal Som. Sommet Summit m ne H. Hm, H , Hne, H Holm, Holmene Islet(s) Tr. Tr Tour Tower d Hd. H Hoved Headland Vi, Vx Vieux, Vieil, Vielle Old Hn. Hn Havn, Havnen Harbour Ll. Lille Little N. Nord, Nordre North, Northern GAELIC Ø. Øst, Østre East, Eastern Bo. Bogha Below water rock Øy. Øne, Øne,Öne,Öne Øyane, Øyene, Öyane Islands Eil. E, En, En Eilean, Eileanan Island(s), Islet(s) Öyene Ru. Ru Rubha Point Pt. Pt Pynt Point Sg. Sgr, Sgr Sgeir Rock S. Sønder, Søndre South, Southern Sd. Sd Sund, Sundet Sound r Sk. Skr, Sk Skær, Skjær Rock above water GERMAN St. Stor Great V. Ves t, Ves tre West B. Bucht Bay Bg. Bg Berg Mountain Gr. Grd, Grd,Gd Grund Shoal DUTCH Hn. Hn Hafen Harbour B. Bi Baai Bay K. Kap Cape Bg. Bg Berg Mountain Rf. Rf Riff Reef Bk. Bk Bank Bank Schl Schloss Castle Eil. Eiln, Eiln Eiland, Eilanden Island(s) G. Golf Gulf Gt,Grt,Gt,Grt Groot, Groote Great GREEK H. Hoek Cape, Hook Ág., Ag. Áy., Ay. Ágios, Ágia Saint, Holy t Pt. P Punt Point Ágk. Ang. Agkáli Bight, Open bay R. Rivier River Ágky. Angir., Ang Agkyrovólio Anchorage f Rf. R Rif Reef Ák., Ak. Ákra, Akrotírio Cape r n Str. Stn, St ,St Straat, Straten Strait(s) Kól. Kol Kólpos Gulf Lim. Limín, Liménas Harbour FINNISH N. Nísos, Nísoi Island(s) N. N Nisída, Nisídes Islet(s) K. Kari, Kallio, Kivi Rock, Reef Ó. O Órmos Bay Lu. Luoto, Luodet Rock(s) Or. Ormískos Cove Ma. Matala Shoal Ór. Or Óros, Óroi Mountain(s) P Pieni, Pikku Small Pot. Potamós River Sa. Sa Saari, Saaret Island(s) Prof Profítis Prophet Tr. Tr Torni Tower Sk. Skópelos, Skópeloi Reef(s), Drying rock(s) FRENCH Vrach. Vrak Vrachonisída, Rocky islets B. Be Baie Bay Vrachonisídes Bas. B Basse Shoal Vrach. Vrák Vráchos, Vráchol Rock(s) Bc. Bc Banc Bank μf. Íf. μfalos, μfaloi Reef(s) Bssn, Bn, Bn Bassin Basin C. Cap Cape Cal. Chal, Chen Chenal Channel ICELANDIC Ch. Chap, Chape Chapelle Chapel Fj. Fjr, Fdr FjörÉur Fjord Chât. Châtu, Chau Château Castle Gr. Grunn Shoal

58 Abbreviations of Principal Non-English Terms V

CURRENT OBSOLESCENT TERM ENGLISH CURRENT OBSOLESCENT TERM ENGLISH FORM FORM(S) MEANING FORM FORM(S) MEANING

INDONESIAN and MALAY JAPANESE (continued) a A. Air, Ajer, Ayer Stream J. J Jima Island a B. Bu, Bu Batu Rock K. Ka, K Kawa River o tg Kaik, Ko, K Kaikyë Strait Bat. Btg, B Batang River ki i Bdr, Bdr Bandar, Bendar Port M. Mki, M ,M Misaki Cape a Br, Br Besar Great Ma, M Mura Village i Buk. Bt, Bt Bukit Hill Mi, M Machi Town i G. Gg, Gg Gosong, Gosung, Shoal, Reef, Islet S. Si, S Saki Cape, Point Sh. Sa, Sa Shima Island Gusong, Gusung n Gun. Gg, Gg Gunong, Gunung Mountain Sn, S San Mountain o K. Ki, Ki Kali River So, S Seto Strait do K. Kr Kroeng, Krueng River Su. Sdo, S Suidë Channel e Kam. Kg, Kg Kampong, Kampung Village Te, T Take Hill, Mountain g Ya, Ya Yama Mountain Kar. Kg, K Karang Coral reef, Reef i Kep. Kpn, Kpn Kepulauan Archipelago Z. Z Zaki Cape, Point n Kl. Kl Kachil, Kechil, Ketjil, Small Z Zan Mountain Kecil Ku. Kla, Kla Kuala River mouth MALAY (see INDONESIAN) Lab. Labn, Labn Labuan, Labuhan Anchorage,Harbour Mu. Ma, Ma Muara River mouth P. P u , P u,Po Pulau, Pulu, Pulo Island NORWEGIAN Peg. Pegunungan Mountain range B. B, Bkt Bukt, Bukta Bay, Bight Pel. Pln, Pln Pelabuan, Pelabuhan Roadstead, Bg. Bg Berg, Bierg, Bjerg Mountain, Hill Anchorage Fd. Fd, Fj Fjord, Fjorden Fjord P. -- P. P. P. P u l a u -- p u l a u Group of islands Fjel. Fj Fjell, Fjellet, Fjeld, Mountain Prt, Prt Parit Stream, Canal, Fjeldet Ditch Fl. Flne, Flne Flu, Flua, Fluen, Below water rock(s) S. Si, Si Sungai, Sungei River Fluane, Fluene Sel. Slt, Slt Selat Strait Gr. Grne, Grne Grunn, Grunnen, Shoal(s) T. Tg, Tg Tandjong, Tandjung, Cape Grunnane Tanjong, Tanjung H. Hm, Hm,Hne,Hne Holm, Holmen, Islet(s) Tanjing Holmane Tel. Tal, Tk, Tk Taluk, Telok, Teluk Bay Hn. Hn Hamn, Havn Harbour U. Ug, Ug Udjung, Ujung Cape in. Inr, I Indre, Inre, Inste Inner W. Wai River L. Lille, Liten, Litla, Litle Little Lag. La, La Laguna Lagoon N. Nord, Nordre North, Northern ITALIAN Ø. Ö Øst, Østre, Öst, East, Eastern Anc. Ancoraggio Anchorage Östre B. Baia Bay Od. O Odde, Odden Point Banch. Bna, Bna Banchina Quay Øy. Ø,Ö,O Øy,Øya,Öy,Öya Island Bco. Bco Banco Bank Øy. Øne, Øne,Öne,Öne Øyane, Øyene, Öyane, Islands C. Capo Cape Öyene Cal. Calata Wharf Pt. Pt Pynt, Pynten Point Can. Canale Channel S. Syd, Søre, Søndre South, Southern Cas. Castello Castle Sd. Sd Sund, Sundet Sound F. Fiume River Sk. Skr, Skr Skjær, Skjer, Skjeret Rock above water Fte. Fte Forte Fort Sk. Skne, Skne Skjerane, Skjærane Rocks above water G. Golfo Gulf St. Stor, Stora, Store Great Gde, Gde Grande Great Tar. Tn, Tn Taren Below water rock I. la,le Isola, Isole Island(s) V. Ves t, Ves tre West I. lto,Iti Isolotto, Isolotti Islet(s) Vag. Vg, Vg Våg, Vågen Bay,Cove L. Lago Lake Vd, Vd Vand Lake Lag. La, Le Laguna Lagoon Vik. Vk, Vk Vik, Vika, Viken Bay, Inlet Mda, Mad, Mada, Madonna Our Lady Vn, Vn Vann, Vatn Lake Madna Y. Y t Ytre, Ytter, Yttre Outer Mte. Mte Monte Mount, Mountain to P. P t o , P Porto Port PERSIAN P. P o r t l o , P o r t lo Porticciolo Small port Pco. Pco Picco Peak B. Bandar Harbour gio Jab. Jabal Mountain, Hill Pog. Pgio, P Poggio Mound, Small hill h Pta. Pta Punta Point, Summit Jaz. Jazh, Jaz JazØreh Island, Peninsu/a Pte, Pte Ponte Bridge Kh. K Khowr Inlet, Channel Pzo, Pzo Pizzo Peak R. Rød River S. Sto, Sto,Sta,Sta San, Santo, Santa Saint, Ho/y S. SS, S.S. Santi Saints POLISH i Scog. Sco, Sci, Sc, Sc Scoglio, Scogli Rock(s), Reef(s) Jez. Jezioro Lake Scog. Sc, Scra Scogliera Ridge of rocks, Kan. Kanal Channel Breakwater Miel. Mielizna Shoal Sec. Se Secca, Secche Shoal(s) R. Rzeka River te T, T Torrente Intermittent stream W. Wys, Wa, Wa Wyspa Island re Tr. Tre, T Torre Tower Zat. Zatoka Gulf, Bay Va, Vla Villa Villa PORTUGUESE JAPANESE Anc. Ancoradouro Anchorage B. Ba Bana Cape, Point Arq. Arquo Arquipélago Archipelago By. Bi, Bi Byëchi Anchorage B. Baía Bay De Dake Mountain, Hill Bco. Bco Banco Bank G. Ga Gawa River Bxo. Ba, Bxo,Bxa,Bxa Baixo, Baixa, Baixia, Shoal H. Ha, Ha Hana Cape, Point Baixio Hak. Hi, Hi Hakuchi Roadstead Co. C. Cabo Cape

59 V Abbreviations of Principal Non-English Terms

CURRENT OBSOLESCENT TERM ENGLISH CURRENT OBSOLESCENT TERM ENGLISH FORM FORM(S) MEANING FORM FORM(S) MEANING

PORTUGUESE (continued) Can. Canal Channel Ens. Ensa Enseada Bay, Creek SPANISH Est. Esto Esteiro Creek, Inlet A. Arro, Arro Arroyo Stream Estr. Estreito Strait Arch. Archo Archipiélago Archipelago Estu. Est, Esto Estuario Estuary Arrf. Arre,Arrfe,Arr Arrecife Reef Fte. Fte Forte Fort Ba. Ba Bahía Bay Fte. Ftza, Ftza Fortaleza Fortress Bo. Bo Bajo Shoal Fund. Fundeadouro Anchorage Bco. Bco Banco Bank G. Golfo Gulf Br. Bzo, Bzo Rompientes Breakers Gde, Gde Grande Great C. Cabo Cape I. Ilhéu, Ilhéus, Ilhota Islet(s) Cal. Cta Caleta Cove I. Ilha, Ilhas Island(s) Can. Canal Channel L. Lago Lake Cer. Co, Co Cerro Hill L. Lagoa Small lake, Marsh Cre. Cumbre, Cima Summit La. Le, Le Laje Flat--topped rock Cy Cayo Cay, Key Lag. La, La Laguna Lagoon Ens. Ensa Ensenada Bay, Creek Mol. Me, Me Molhe Mole Est. Esto Estero Creek, Inlet Mor. Mo, Mo Morro Headland, Hill Estr. Estrecho Strait te Estu. Est, Esto Estuario Estuary Mt. M , Mte Monte, Montanha Mount, Mountain o NS. Na.Sa, NaSa Nosso Senhor, Nossa Our Lord, Our Lady Fond. Fond Fondeadero Anchorage Fte. Fte Fuerte Fort Senhora to G. Golfo Gulf P. P t o , P Porto Port de s Gde, G Grande Great Pal. Pals, Pal Palheiros Fishing village I. la Isla, Islas Island(s) el Par. Pel, P Parcel Shoal, Reef I. Ite Islote, Isleta Islet Pass. Pas Passagem, Passo Passage, Pass L. Lago Lake Pco, Pco,Po Pico Peak Lag. La, La Laguna Lagoon Pda. Pda Pedra Rock Mor. Mo, Mo Morro Headland, Hill Peq Pequeno, Pequena Small Mte. Mte Monte Mount, Mountain Pr. Pa, Pa Praia Beach Mu. Me, Me,Mlle Muelle Mole Pta. Pta Ponta Point Na. Sa, NaSa Nuestra Señora Our Lady Queb. Quebrada, Quebrado Cut, Ravine P. P t o , P to Puerto Port Rch. Riacho, Ribeira, Creek, Stream, Pco. Pco,Po Pico Peak da Ribeirão River Pda. P Piedra Rock la Rf. Recife Reef Pen. Pen Península Peninsula Peq Pequeño, Pequeña Small Ro. R Rio River a a Pl. Pa, P Playa Beach Roc. Ra, R Rocha, Rochedo Rock to to ta Prom. Prom Promontorio Promontory S. Sto, S ,Sta,S São, Santo, Santa Saint, Holy Pta. Pta Punta Point Sa. Sa, Sa, Sr Serra, Cordilheira Mountain range a Queb. Quebrada Cut, Ravine Va, V Vila Town, Village, R. Río River Villa Rga. Restinga Shoal, Sandbank Roc. Ra, Ra Roca Rock S. Sn, Sn,Sto,Sto, San, Santo, Santa Saint, Holy ROMANIAN Sta, Sta A. Ans`,Ansa Cove Sr. Sa, Sa Sierra Mountain range B. Baie, Baia Bay Surg. Surgo, Surgo Surgidero Anchorage, Br. Braò,Braòul, Braòu Branch, Arm Roadstead (of the sea) Tr. Tre Torre Tower C. Cap, Capul, Capu Cape Va, Va Villa Villa, Small town Di., D--le. Deal, Dealul, Dealuri, Hill(s) Dealurile SWEDISH Fd.mic Fund mic Shoal B. Bukt Bay, Bight I. Insul`, Insula Island Bg. Bgt, Bg Berg, Berget Mountain L. Lac, Lacul, Lacu Lake Bk, Bk Bank Bank Mt., M--òii. Munte, Muntele, Mountain, Mounts Fj. Fd Fjärd, Fjord Fjord Munòi, Muntii Gla, Gla Gamla Old O. Ostrov, Ostrovul, Island Gr. Grn, Grd, Grd,Gd Grund Shoal Ostrovu H. Hm, Hm Holme, Holmarna Islet S. Stînca, Stînca Rock Hd, Hd Huvud Headland Sf. Sfînt, Sfîntu, Sfîntul, Saint, Holy Hn, Hn Hamn, Hamnen Harbour Sfînta I. Inre Inner Str. Strîmtoare, Pass, Strait L. Lilla, Liten Little, Small Strîmtoarea N. Nord, Norra North, Northern Ö. Öst, Östra East, Eastern S. Syd, Södra South, Southern RUSSIAN Sk. Skr Skär, Skäret, Skären Rock above water B Bukhta Bay, Inlet St. Stor Great, Large V. Väs t, Väs tra West, Western b--ka. Bka, Bka,Bki,Bki, Bk Banka, Banki Bank(s) Y. Y t Yttre Outer Bol. Bol’shoy, Bol’shaya, Great, Large Bol’shoye Gb. G, Ga, Ga Guba Gulf, Bay, Inlet THAI G. Gora Mountain, Hill Kh. Khao Hill, Mountain Gav. G Gavan’ Harbour, Basin L. Lm, Lm Laem Cape, Point Kam. Kamen’ Rock M.N. Mae Nam River M. Mys Cape, Headland Mal Malyy, Malaya, Maloye Little TURKISH va O. O Ostrov, Ostrova Island(s) Ad. Ada, AdasÝ Island Oz. Ozero Lake Aîp Takimadalar Archipelago P--ov. Polov,Pov, Pol Poluostrov Peninsula Adc. Ad AdacÝk Islet Pr. Prv, Prv Proliv Channel, Strait BoÔ.BoÔaz, BoÔazÝ Strait R. Reka River Br. Bn, Bu Burun, Burnu Point, Cape Zal. Zaliv Gulf, Bay Ç. Ça Çay, ÇayÝ Stream, River

60 Abbreviations of Principal Non-English Terms V

CURRENT OBSOLESCENT TERM ENGLISH CURRENT OBSOLESCENT TERM ENGLISH FORM FORM(S) MEANING FORM FORM(S) MEANING

Languages of the former YUGOSLAVIA Br. Brdo, Brda Mountain(s) Gr. Greben, Grebeni Rock, Reef, Cliff, Ridge TURKISH (continued) Hr. Hrid, Hridi Rock L. Luka Harbour, Port Da DaÔ,DaÔÝ Mountain M. Mali, Mala, Malo, Small D. De Dere, Deresi Valley, Stream Malen Dz. Deniz Sea O. OtoÄiÆ,OtoÅiÆi Islet(s) G. Göl, Gölü Lake O. Otok, Otoci Island(s) Isk. ™skele, ™skelesi Jetty Pl. PliÅina Shoal Kf. Krf. Körfez, Körfezi Gulf Pr. Prolaz Passage Ky. Kyl. Kaya, KayasÝ Rock S. Sv Sveti, Sveta, Sveto Saint, Holy Lim. Lm. Li Liman, LimanÝ Harbour k. kolj, koljiÆ Island, Reef N. Nehir, Nehri, Irmak, River U. Uvala, Uvalica Inlet IrmaÔÝ V. Veli, Vela, Velo, Velik, Great T. Te, Te Tepe, Tepesi Hill, Peak Veliki, Velika, Veliko Yad. YarÝmada, YarÝmadasÝ Peninsula Z. Zal Zaliv, Zaljev, Zaton Gulf, Bay

61 V Abbreviations of Principal English Terms

CURRENT OBSOLESCENT TERM REFERENCES CURRENT OBSOLESCENT TERM REFERENCES FORM FORM(S) FORM FORM(S) abt abt About O a Dir Dirn Direction — Aero Aeronautical P 60, 61 Dir Dir Lt Directional light P 30--31 Al Algae J t Discol Discold Discoloured water K e Al. Alt Alternating light P 10.11 discont discontd, discontd Discontinued O b ALC Articulated Loading Column L 12 dist Dist Distant O 85 ALL Admiralty List of Lights — Dk Dk Dock G c and Fog Signals dm dm. Decimetre(s) B 42 ALRS Admiralty List of Radio — Dn, Dns Dn Dolphin(s) F 20 Signals dr dr., Dr. Dries K b Am Amber P 11.8 DW Deep--water, Deep--draught M 27, N 12.4 Anch. Anche Anchorage O 21 dwt Deadweight tonnage — Anct, Anct Ancient O 84 DZ Danger Zone Q 50 ANM Annual Summary of — Admiralty Notices to E E. East B 10 Mariners ED (ED), (E.D.) Existence doubtful l 1 Annly Annly Annually — EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone N 47 Appr. Apprs, Apprs Approaches O 22 E.F. Horn Electric fog horn R 13 approx Approx Approximate O 89 Ent. Entce, Entce Entrance O 16 Apr April — Equinl Equinoctial — Arch. Archo, Archo Archipelago G 5 ESSA Environmentally Sensitive N 22 ASD Admiralty Sailing Directions — Sea Area ASL Archipelagic Sea Lane M17 Est. Esty Estuary O 17 Astr,Astrl,Astrl Astronomical — Estabt Establishment — ATBA Area to be Avoided M14, 29 ev. Every — ATT Admiralty Tide Tables — exper experl, Experl Experimental O 92 Aug August — explos explos. Explosive R 10 Aus Australia — (exting) (extingd) Extinguished P 55 Ave Ave Avenue G 111 fFineJ30 B. Bay O 4 F Fixed light P 10.1 Bbl,blkBlack Jaf,Q2 FAD Fish Aggregating Device — Ba Basalt J i F Racon Fixed frequency radar Batt, Baty, Baty Battery E 34.3 transponder beacon S 3.4 Bk. Bk Bank O 23 Feb February — bk brk Broken J 33 FFL Fixed and flashing light P 10.10 Bldg Bldg Building D 5 Fj. Fd, Fd Fjord O 5 BM, B.M. Bench Mark B 23 (fishg) Fishing light P 50 Bn, Bns Beacon(s) M 1--2, P 4--5, Fl fl. Flashing light P 10.4 Q80--81 Fl., fl Flood — BnTr Bn Tower Beacon Tower P 3, Q 110 Fla Flare stack (at sea) L 11 Bo Boulders J e Fm, Fm Farm G 53 Bol Boll. Bollard F a, G 181 fm, fms fm,fms Fathom, fathoms B 48 Br Breakers K 17 Fog Det Lt Fog detector light P 62 br Brown J ak Fog Sig. Fog signal station R 1 Bu Bl, Bl., b Blue J ag, P 11.4, Fog W/T Radio fog signal — Qa FPSO Floating Production and L17 Storage Offtake Vessel C. Cape G 7 Fr, for Foraminifera J u c Coarse J 32 FS F.S. Flagstaff, Flagpole E 27 ca cal Calcareous J 38 FSO Floating Storage and L17 CALM Catenary Anchor Leg L 16 Offtake Vessel Mooring Ft, Ft Fort E 34.2 Cas Cas. Castle E 34.2, G 64 ft ft Foot, feet B 47, P 13 Cath, Cath. Cathedral E 10.1, G 75 Cb Cobbles J 8 G g Gravel J 6 cd Candela B 54 G gn Green J ah, P 11.3, CD Chart Datum H 1 Q2 Cemy, Cemy Cemetery E 19 G. Gulf O 3 CG C.G. Coastguard station T 10--11 ga, glac Glacial J ac Ch Ch. Church, chapel E 10.1, E 11 Gc Glauconite J p ch, choc Chocolate J al Gd, grd Ground J a Chan. Channel O 14 Gl, gl Globigerina J v Chem Chemical L 40 Govt Ho, Govt Ho Government House — chk, Ck Chalk J f Gp. Group (of islands) — Chy Chy Chimney E 22 GpFI, Gp.FI. Group--flashing light P 10.4 cin, Cn Cinders J n GpOcc, Gp.Occ. Group--occulting Iight P 10.2 cm cm. Centimetre(s) B 43 GPS Global Positioning System Co crl Coral J 10, K 16 grt Gross Register Tonnage — Col Column, pillar, obelisk E 24, G 66 Gt, Grt, Gt,Grt Great — conspic Conspicuous E 2 G.T.S. Great Trigonometrical — const constn, constrn Construction F 32 Survey Station (India) cov cov. Covers K c Gy,gy Grey Jam,Qa Cr. Creek O 7 GT Gross Tonnage — Cup Cup. Cupola E 10.4 Cy cl Clay J 3 h Hard J 39 H, H. Headway D 20, D 26--27 (D) Doubtful — H Helicopter transfer (Pilots) T 1.4 d Dark J ao h h., H. Hour B 49 Dec December — HAT Highest Astronomical Tide H 3 decrg decrg Decreasing B 64 Hd. Hd Headland G 8 dest destd, Destd Destroyed O 93 Hn. Hn Haven G 139 Det (see Fog Det Lt) — Ho House G 61 DG, DG D. G. Range Degaussing Range N 25, Q 54 (hor) (horl) Horizontally disposed P 15 Range Hosp Hospl, Hospl Hospital F 62.2 DGPS Differential Global S 51 Hr. Hr Harbour G 138 Positioning System Hr, Hr Higher — Di, di Diatoms J w Hr Mr Harbour Master F 60 Dia Diaphone R 11 Ht, Ht Height —

62 Abbreviations of Principal English Terms V

CURRENT OBSOLESCENT TERM REFERENCES MHW MeanHighWater H5 FORM FORM(S) MHWN M.H.W.N. Mean High Water Neaps H 11 MHWS M.H.W.S. Mean High Water Springs H 9 HW H.W. High Water H a Mid, Mid. Middle — H.W.F. & C. High Water Full and — min min., m. Minute(s) of time B 50 Change Mk Mark Q 101 H.W.O.S. High Water Ordinary — Ml, ml Marl J c Springs CURRENT OBSOLESCENT TERM REFERENCES FORM FORM(S) I. It Island, islet G 1--2 IALA International Association of Q 130 LHW M.L.H.W. Mean Lower High Water H 15 Lighthouse Authorities MLLW M.L.L.W. Mean Lower Low Water H 12 IHO International Hydrographic — MLW Mean Low Water H 4 Organization MLWN M.L.W.N. Mean Low Water Neaps H 10 (illum) Illum., (lit) Illuminated P 63 MLWS M.L.W.S. Mean Low Water Springs H 8 IMO International Maritime — mm mm. Millimetre(s) B 44 Organization Mo Morse code P 10.9, R 20 Mon Mont, Mont Monument E 24 in., ins. Inch, inches — y g Mony, Mon Monastery G 76 incrg incr Increasing B 65 Ms, mus Mussels J r INT International A 3, T 21 MSL M.S.L. Mean Sea Level H 6 Intens (intens) Intensified P 46 Mt. Mt Mountain, mount G 23 IQ IntQkFl, Int.Qk.FI. Interrupted quick-flashing P 10.6 Mth. Mth Mouth O 19 light MTL M.T.L. Mean Tide Level H c (irreg.) Irregular — ISLW, I.S.L.W. Indian Spring Low Water — NN.North B9 Iso Isophase light P 10.3 Nauto Nautophone R 13 It Islet G 2 NB N.B. Notice Board Q 126 NE N.E. North--east B 13 ITZ Inshore Traffic Zone — NM N.M. Notice(s) to Mariners — IUQ lnterrupted ultra quick- P 10.8 n mile International Nautical Mile B 45 flashing light No No Number N 12.2 IVQ IntVQkFI, Int.V.Qk.Fl lnterrupted very quick- P 10.7 Nov November — flashing light Np Np. Neap Tides H 17 nrt Nett register tonnage — Jan January — NT Net Tonnage — Jul July — NW N.W North--west B 15 NZ New Zealand — km km. Kilometre(s) B 40, F 40 kn kn. Knot(s) B 52, H 40--41 Obs Spot, Observation Spot B 21 Obsn Spot, n L. Lake, Loch, Lough O 6 Obs Spot Obscd Obscd Obscured P 43 ILargeJab n n Obstn Obst Obstruction, Diffuser K 40--43, L 43 Lag. Lagn, Lag Lagoon G 13, O 8 Obsy, Obsy Observatory G 73 LANBY Large Automatic P 6 Oc Occ, Occ. Occulting light P 10.2 Navigational Buoy (occas) (occasl) Occasional P 50 LASH Lighter Aboard Ship G 184 Oct October — LAT Lowest Astronomical Tide H 2 OD O.D. Ordnance Datum H d Lat Lat. Latitude B 1 ODAS Ocean Data-Acquisition Q 58 LB, L.B. Lifeboat station T 12 System Ldg Ldg Leading P 20.3 Off, Off. Office G 72 Or Or. Orange P 11.7, Q 3 Le. Le Ledge O 28 ord. Ordinary — LFI Long-flashing light P 10.5 Oy, oys Oysters J q Lit, Lit. Little — Oz, oz Ooze J b (lit) Floodlit P 63 LL L.L. List of Lights — P peb Pebbles J 7 Lndg. Ldg Landing place F 17 P. Port G 137 LNG Liquefied Natural Gas G 185 (P) Preliminary (NM) — LOA Length overall — PA (PA), (P.A.) Position approximate B 7 LoLo Load--on, Load--off — Pag Pag. Pagoda E 14 Long Long. Longitude B 2 Pass. Passage O 13 PD (PD), (P.D.) Position doubtful B 8 LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas G 186 la r Pen. Penla, Pen Peninsula G 4 Lr, L Lower P 23 Pk. Pk Peak G 25 L.S.S. Lifesaving station — Pm, pum Pumice J k Lt Lt,lt Light Jan,P1 PO P.O. Post Office F 63 Lts Lights P 20.1, 61.2 Po, pol Polyzoa J z LtHo Lt Ho Lighthouse P 1 pos posn, posn Position — Lt V Lt V Light--vessel P 6 (priv) priv., (Priv.) Private P 50, P 65, Lv, Iv Lava J j Q70 LW L.W. Low Water H b Prod Well Production Well L 20 prohib Prohibd Prohibited O c L.W.F. & C. Low Water Full and — proj projd, Projd Projected O 80 Change prom promt, Promt Prominent O d L.W.O.S. Low Water Ordinary — Prom. Promy, Promy Promontory G 20 Springs (prov), (provl) Provisional — PSSA Particularly Sensitive — Mm Mud J2 Sea Area M M. Sea Mile(s) B 45, P 14 Pt. Pt Point G 9 m Medium J 31 Pt, pt Pteropods J y m m. Metre(s) B 41, P 13 Pyl Pylon D 26 mad, Md Madrepore J h Q QkFI, Qk.Fl. Quick-flashing light P 10.6 Mag Mag. Magnetic B 61 r z Q Quarter — Magz, Mag Magazine — Qz, qrtz Quartz J g man, Mn Manganese J o Mar March — R rd Red J aj, P 11.2, MHHW M.H.H.W. Mean Higher High Water H 13 Q3 MHLW M.H.L.W. Mean Higher Low Water H 14 R. River —

63 V Abbreviations of Principal English Terms

R r Rock J 9, K 15 CURRENT OBSOLESCENT TERM REFERENCES RRo Coast Radio Station S 15 FORM FORM(S) providing QTG service Ra Radar Range, Radar M 31--32, S 1 TSS Traffic Separation Scheme — Reference Line, Coast TV Tr T.V. Tr Television Tower E 28--29 Radar Station Ra (conspic), Radar conspicuous object S 5 (U) Unwatched, unmanned P 53 CURRENT OBSOLESCENT TERM REFERENCES (light) FORM FORM(S) ULCC Ultra Large Crude Carrier — uncov uncov. Uncovers K d Ra. (conspic) unexam unexamd. Unexamined l a Ra. Refl. Radar Reflector Q 10--11, S 4 unexamd Racon Radar Transponder Beacon S 3 Unintens Unintensified P a rad, Rd Radiolaria J x Upr Upper P 22 Ramark Radar Beacon S 2 UQ Ultra quick-flashing light P 10.8 RC Non-directional Radio- S 10 UTC Co--ordinated — beacon Universal Time RD Dir.Ro.Bn Directional Radiobeacon S 11 UTM Universal Transverse — Rds. Rds Roads, Roadstead O 20 Mercator Ref Refuge Q 124, T 14 v vol Volcanic J 37 Refl Refl. Retroreflecting material Q 6 Va, Va Villa — Remble Remarkable — Var Varn Variation B 60 Rep Repd, Repd Reported l 3 var Varying — Rf. Rf Reef O 26 Vel Vel. Velocity — RG Ro D.F. Radio Direction-Finding S 14 (vert) (vertl) Vertically disposed P 15 Station Vi Violet P 11.5 Rk. Rk Rock G 11 vis. Visible — (R Lts) (Red Lts) Air Obstruction Lights P 61.2 VLCC Very Large Crude Carrier G 187 (low intensity) Vol. Volcano G 26 Rly, Ry, Ry Railway D 13 VQ VQkFI, V.Qk.FI Very quick-flashing light P 10.7 Ro Bn Radiobeacon in general S 10 VTS Vessel Traffic Service — RoRo Ro-Ro Roll-on Roll-off ferry F 50 terminal W W. West B 12 R.S. Rocket station — W w White J ae, P 11.1, Ru, (ru) Ru. Ruins D 8, E 25.2, Qa F33 Water Tr Water Tr Water tower E 21 RW Rotating Pattern S 12 Wd wd Weed J 13.1 Radiobeacon WGS World Geodetic System S 50 Whf Whf Wharf F 13, G d S. St, St Saint G 54 Whis Whis. Whistle R 15 S s Sand J 1 Wk Wk Wreck K 20--30 S S. South B 11 W/T Radio (Wireless/Telegraphy) — s sec, sec. Second(s) of time B 51, P 12 SALM Single Anchor Leg Mooring L 12 Y y Yellow, amber, orange J ai, P 11, SBM Single Buoy Mooring L 16 IQ 3 SC S.C. Sailing Club U 4 YC Y.C. Yacht Club U 4 Sc, sc Scoriæ J m yd,yds Yard(s) — Sc Sc. Scanner E 30.3 Sch Sch. School G b SD S.D. Sailing Directions — SD Sounding of doubtful depth l 2 Sd. Sd Sound O 12 SE S.E. South--east B 14 Sem, Sem. Semaphore — Sep September — sf stf Stiff J 36 Sh sh Shells J 11 Sh. Shoal O 25 Si Silt J 4 Sig Sig. Signal R 1, T 25.2 sk, spk Speckled J ad sm Small J aa SMt SMt Seamount O 33 Sn, shin Shingle J d so sft Soft J 35 Sp Sp. Spire E 10.3 Sp, sp Sponge J s Sp Sp, Spr. Spring Tides H 16 SPM Single Point Mooring L 12 SS Sig Sta, Sig Stn Signal Station T 20--36 St st Stones J 5 St St. Street G 110 Sta Sta., Stn, Stn Station D 13 Stm.Sig.Stn. Storm Signal Station T 28 Str. Strait O 11 subm submd, Submd Submerged O 90 SW S.W. South--west B 16 SWOPS Single Well Oil Production L c System sy stk Sticky J 34

T, t Tufa J 1 (T) Temporary (NM) — t Ton, tonne B 53, F 53 t Elevation of top of trees C 14 Tel Tel. Telephone, Telegraph G 95 (temp) (tempy), (tempy) Temporary N b, P 54 Tr Tr Tower E 10.2, E 20

64 International Abbreviations W

A G Aero Aeronautical light P 60, 61.1 G Gravel J 6 † Aero RC Aeronautical radiobeacon S 16 G Green P 11.3, Q 2 AIS Automatic Identification System S 17 GPS Global Positioning System Al Alternating P 10.11 grt Gross Register Tonnage ALC Articulated Loading Column L 12 GT Gross Tonnage Am Amber P 11.8 ASL Archipelagic Sea Lane M 17 H h Hard J 39 B h Hour B 49 B Black Q 2, 81 H Helicopter T 1.4 bk Broken J 33 hor Horizontally disposed P 15 Bn Beacon P 4, 5, Q 80 BnTr Beacon tower P 3, Q 110 I Bo Boulder(s) J 9.2 INT International A 2, T 21 Br Breakers K 17 Intens Intensified P 46 Bu Blue P 11.4 IQ Interrupted quick P 10.6 Iso Isophase P 10.3 C IUQ Interrupted ultra quick P 10.8 c Coarse J 32 IVQ Interrupted very quick P 10.7 ca Calcareous J 38 CALM Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring L 16 K Cb Cobbles J 8 km Kilometre(s) B 40 cd Candela B 54 kn Knot(s) B 52 CG Coastguard T 10, 11 Ch Church E 10.1 Chy Chimney E 22 L cm Centimetre(s) B 43 LANBY Large Automatic Navigational Buoy P 6, Q 26 Co Coral J 10, K 16 LASH Lighter Aboard Ship G 184 † Consol Consol Beacon S 13 Lat Latitude B 1 Cy Clay J 3 Ldg Leading P 20.3 LFl Long-flashing P 10.5 Lndg Landing for boats F 17 D LNG Liquefied Natural Gas G 185 DGPS Differential Global Positioning System S51 Long Longitude B 2 Dia Diaphone R 11 LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas G 186 Dir Direction light P 30, 31 Lt Light P 1 dm Decimetre(s) B 42 Dn, Dns Dolphin(s) F 20 M DW Deep Water route M 27, N 12.4 m Medium J 31 dwt Dead Weight Tonnage m Metre(s) B 41 DZ Danger Zone Q 50 m Minute(s) of time B 50 M Mud J 2 E M International Nautical mile(s) E East B 10 (1852 m) or sea mile(s) B 45 ED Existence Doubtful I 1 min Minute(s) of time B 50 Explos Explosive R 10 Mk Mark Q 101 exting Extinguished P 55 mm Millimetre(s) B 44 Mo Morse Code P 10.9, R 20 Mon Monument E 24 F MR Marine Reserve N 22.3 f Fine J 30 F Fixed P 10.1 FFl Fixed and Flashing P 10.10 N Fl Flashing P 10.4 N North B 9 Fla Flare stack L 11 NE North-east B 13 Fog Det Lt Fog detector light P 62 No Number N 12.2 FS Flagstaff, flagpole E 27 NT Net Tonnage ft Foot/feet B 47 NW North-west B 15

65 W International Abbreviations

O T Obscd Obscured P 43 t Ton(s), Tonne(s) or tonnage B 53, F 53 Obstn Obstruction K 40-43, L 43 temp Temporary P 54 Oc Occulting P 10.2 Tr Tower E 10.2, 20 occas Occasional P 50 ODAS Ocean Data Acquisition System Q 58 U Or Orange P 11.7, Q 3 ULCC Ultra Large Crude Carrier G 188 UQ Ultra Quick P 10.8 P UTC Universal Time Co-ordinated P Pebbles J 7 UTM Universal Transverse Mercator PA Position approximate B 7 PD Position doubtful B 8 V priv Private P 65, Q 70 v Volcanic J 37 Prod Well Submerged production well L 20 vert Vertically disposed P 15 PSSA Particularly Sensitive Sea Area N 22.4 Vi Violet P 11.5 Pyl Pylon D 26 VLCC Very Large Crude Carrier G 187 VQ Very Quick P 10.7 Q VTS Vessel Traffic Service Q Quick P 10.6 W W West B 12 R W White P 11.1, Q 130.5 R Coast radio stations QTG service S 15 Wd Weed J 13.1 R Red P 11.2, Q 3 Well Wellhead L 21 R Rock J 9, K 15 WGS World Geodetic System S 50 Ra Radar M 31, 32, S 1 Whis Whistle R 15 Racon Radar transponder beacon S 3.1-3.6 Wk; Wks Wreck(s) K 20-30 † RC Circular marine radiobeacon S 10 † RD Directional radiobeacon S 11 Y Ref Refuge Q 124, T 14 Y Amber P 11.8 Rep Reported, but not confirmed I 3.1 Y Orange P 11.7 RG Radio direction-finding station S 14 Y Yellow P 11.6, Q 3 RoRo Roll-on, Roll-off Ferry (RoRo Terminal) F 50 Ru Ruin D 8, E 25.2, F 33 † RW Rotating-pattern radiobeacon S 12

S S Sand J 1 s Second(s) of time B 51, P 12 S South B 11 SALM Single Anchor Leg Mooring L 12 SBM Single Buoy Mooring L 16 SD Sounding doubtful I 2 SE South-east B 14 sec Second(s) of time B 51 sf Stiff J 36 Sh Shells (skeletal remains) J 11 Si Silt J 4 Sig Signal T 25.2 SMt Seamount O 33 so Soft J 35 Sp (Church) spire E 10.3 SPM Single Point Mooring L 12 SS Signal station T 20-36 St Stones J 5 SW South-west B 16 sy Sticky J 34

66 Index X SeealsoSectionVforAbbreviations ofprincipalEnglishandnon--Englishterms, andSectionWforInternationalAbbreviations.

About ...... Oa Breakers...... K 17 Coast radar station...... S 1 Abyssal hill...... O 37 Breakwater...... F 4 Coast radio station, QTG service...... S 15 Abyssal plain...... O 49 Brick kiln, works...... G 81 Cobbles...... J 8 Aerial, dish...... E 31 Bridges...... D 22--24 Coldstore...... G 86 Aerial cableway...... D 25 suspension...... G 114 Colour of beacon, buoy...... Q 2--5, Q 6a, Q 6c Aero light...... P 60 lights, traffic signals...... T 25 Colour of lights...... P 11 Aeronautical radiobeacon...... S 16 Broken...... J 33 Coloured mark...... Q 101 Airfield, airport...... D 17 Brown...... J ak Column...... E 24, G 66 Air obstruction light...... P 61 Buddhist temple...... E 16 Commercial port...... G 147 Air traffic...... G 116--118 Building...... D 1--8, G 60--a Compass rose...... B 70 AIS...... S 17.1--17.2 harbour...... G 148 Composite light...... P 10 Algae...... J s slip...... G 171 Conical buoy...... Q 20 Alongside depth...... I 11 yard...... G 172 Conifer...... C 31.3 Alternating light...... P 10.11 Bunker station...... G 174 Coniferous woodland...... G 39 Amber...... P 11.8 Buoys...... Q 1--71 Consol beacon...... S 13 Anchor berth...... N 11 Buoy dump, yard...... G 173 Conspicuous landmark...... E 2 Anchorage...... N 10--a, O 21 Buoyant beacon...... P 5 Conspicuous, on radar...... S 5 Anchorage area...... N 10--a Buoyed...... O 82 Construction works...... F 32 Anchoring prohibited...... N 20 Buried pipe, pipeline...... L 42 Container crane...... F 53.2 Anchoring system...... L b Bushes...... G 37 Container harbour...... G 152 Ancient...... O 84 Contiguous Zone...... N 44 Annual change...... B 66 Cable ...... B46 Continental Anomaly, local magnetic...... B 82 buoy...... Q 55 borderland...... O 47 Approach...... O 22 ferry...... M 51 rise...... O 46 Approximate...... O 89 landing beacon...... Q 123 shelf...... N 46, O 42 depth contour...... I 31 overhead...... D 27 slope...... O 45 height contour...... C 12 submarine...... L 30--32 Continuous flashing light...... P 10 position...... B 33 Cableway (aerial)...... D 25 Contour Apron...... O 59 Cairn...... Q 100 depth...... I 30--31 Archipelagic Sea Lane...... M 17 Caisson...... F 42 drying...... I 30 Archipelago...... G 5 Calcareous...... J 38 line...... C 10, C 12 Area to be avoided...... M 14, M 29 Calling--in point...... M 40 Control points...... B 20--a Area, restricted...... N 20--b Calvary...... E 12 Convent...... G 76 Arm of the Sea...... O6 Camping site...... U 30 Conversion scales, tables...... A b Artificial features...... F 1--6 Canal...... F 40, G 132 Conveyor...... G 182 Artificial island...... L 15 Canal distance mark...... F 40 Cooling water intake/outfall...... G 177 Astronomical tides...... H 2--3, H 20 Can buoy...... Q 21 Copyright Atoll...... G 6 Candela...... B 54 Acknowledgement...... A 5 Automatic fog signal...... R 20--22 Canyon...... O 55 Notice...... A c Automatic Identification System Cape...... G 7 Coral...... J 10, J 22, K 16 transmitter...... S 17.1--17.2 Caravan site...... U 29 Corner coordinates...... A 9 Avenue...... G 111 Cardinal marks...... Q 130.3 Cove...... O 9 Awash, rock...... K 12 Cargo transhipment area...... N 64 Covers...... K b Car park...... U 27 Crane...... F 53 Bank ...... O23,U14 Castle...... E 34.2, G 64 Creek...... O 7 Barge buoy...... Q 53 Casuarina...... C 31.6 Cross...... E 12 Barrage, flood...... F 43 Cathedral...... G 75 Crossing gates, traffic separation...... M 22 Barrel buoy...... Q 25 Causeway...... F 3 Crossing, traffic separation...... M 23 Barrier, floating...... G 178 Cautionary notes...... A 16 Cultural features...... D Barrier, tidal...... G 130 Cay...... G 3 Cupola, church...... E 10.4 Basalt...... J h Cement works...... G 82 Current...... H 42--43 Bascule bridge...... D 23.4 Cemetery...... E 19 meter...... H f Baseline, Territorial Sea...... N 42 Centimetre...... B 43 meter buoy...... Q 59 Basin...... F 27--28, IG 134, O 48 Chalk...... J e Custom office...... F 61 Battery...... E 34.3 Chandler...... U 12 Customer Information...... A 6 Bay...... O 4 Channel...... O 14 Customs harbour...... G 14 Beacon...... Q 1--11, Q 80--126 dredged...... l 21--23 Customs limit...... N 48 buoyant, resilient...... P 5 half--tide...... I b Cut...... G 32 Consol...... S 13 maintained...... I 23 Cutting...... D 14 lighted...... P 4 Chapel...... E 11 Cylindrical buoy...... Q 21 radar...... S 2--3 Characters, Light...... P 10 radio...... S 10--16 Chart Dam ...... F44 tower...... P 3, Q 110 Datum...... H 1, H 20 Danger Bearing...... B 62, Pb limit, larger scale...... A 18 area beacon...... Q 125 Bell...... R 14 number...... A 1--2 area/zone buoy...... Q 50 Benchmark...... B 23 scale...... A 13 firing area...... N 30 Berth title...... A 10 isolated marks...... Q 130.4 anchor...... N 11 Chemical dumping ground...... N 24 line...... K 1 designation...... F 19 Chemical pipeline...... L 40.1 reported...... I 3--4 visitors’...... U 2 Chemist...... U 16 signal station...... T 35 yacht...... U 1.2 Chequered colours...... Q c Dangerous wreck...... K 28 Bird sanctuary...... N 22 Chimney...... E 22 Dark...... J ao Black...... J af, Q 2 Chocolate...... J al Data collection buoy...... Q 58 Blockhouse...... E 34.2 Church...... E 10 Datum Blue...... J ag, P 11.4, Q a Cinders...... J m Chart...... H 1, H 20 Board, painted...... Q 102.2 City...... G 50 land survey...... H 7, H 20 Boarding place, pilot...... T 1 Clay...... J 3 Ordnance...... H d, H 20 Boat Clearance Daymark...... Q 80--83, Q 110 harbour...... U 1.1 horizontal...... D 21 Daytime light...... P 51 hoist, lift...... G 131, U 6 safe vertical...... D 26 Deciduous tree...... C 31.1 park...... U 28 vertical...... D 20, D 22--28 Deciduous woodland...... G 38 yard...... U 9 Cleared platform, site...... L 22 Decimetre...... B 42 Bollard...... F a, G 181 Clearing line...... M 2 Decreasing...... B 64 Boom...... G 178 Clearing line beacons...... Q 121 Deep water (DW) Borderland, continental...... O 47 Cliffs...... C 3 anchorage...... N 12.4 Border scale, linear...... A 14 Closed...... O 87 harbour...... G 142 Bottled gas...... U 20 Coal harbour...... G 154 route...... M 27 Boulder...... G 28, J 9.2 Coarse...... J 32 Degaussing range...... N 25 Boundary, international...... N 40--41 Coastguard station...... T 10--11 buoy...... Q 54 Boundary mark...... B 24 Coastline...... C 1--8 Degree...... B 4

67 X Index

Delta...... O 18 Extraction area...... N 65 Ground tackle...... Q 42 Depths...... I Group light...... P 10 Depth Factory...... G 80 Groyne...... F 6 contours...... I 30 Faint sector...... P 45 Gulf...... O 3 minimum...... M 27.2 Fairway...... M 18 Gully, tidal...... O 67 swept...... l 24, K 2 Fairway, safety...... M a Gun...... R 10 Derrick, oil...... L 10 Fairway, lights marking...... P 20--41 Designation of beacon or buoy...... Q 10--11 Fan...... O 58 Half--tide channel...... I 16 Designation of berth...... F 19, N 11, Q 42 Farm...... G 53 Harbour...... G 138 Designation of reporting point...... M 40 Farm, fish, marine...... K 48 installations...... F 10--a, G 170--187 Destroyed...... O 93 Fast ice, limit...... N 60.1 Iimit...... N 49 Detector light...... P 62 Fathom...... B 48 Master’s Office...... F 60 Development area...... L 4 Ferry...... M 50--51 types...... G 130--c Deviation dolphin...... F 21 harbour...... G 155 Hard...... J 39 Deviation, magnetic...... B 67 light...... P 50 Haven...... G 139 DGPS station...... S 51 terminal, RoRo...... F 50 Head, headland...... G 8 Diagonal colour stripes...... Q 5 Filao...... C 31.7 Headway...... D 20--28 Diaphone...... R 11 Fine...... J 30 Health Office...... F 62.1 Diatoms...... J v Firing danger area...... N 30 Height...... C 10--14, E 4--5 Diffuser...... L 43 beacon...... Q 125 Helicopter landing site...... D b, G 118 Dimensions...... A 8 buoy...... Q 50 Heliport...... D b Direction--finding station...... S 14 Firing practice signal station...... T 36 High Water...... H 5--20 Direction lights...... P 30 Fish Highest Astronomical Tide...... H 3, H 20 Direction of buoyage...... Q 130.2 cages, farm...... K 48.1 Hill...... G 27 Directional radiobeacon...... S 11 haven...... K 46 Hillocks...... C 4 Discharge pipe...... L 41 trap, weir...... K 44.2--45 Historic wreck...... N 26 Discoloured water...... K d Fishery limit...... N 45 Hoist...... U 6 Discontinued...... O b Fishing Hole...... O 50 Dish aerial...... E 31 harbour...... F 10 Horizontal Disposition of lights...... P 15 light...... P 50 clearance...... D 21 Distance mark...... B 25 prohibited...... N 21 colour bands...... Q 4 Distance...... B stakes...... K 44.1 lights...... P 15 Distant...... O 85 village...... G 52 Horn...... R 13 Distress signal station...... T 26 Fixed Hospital...... F 62.2 Disused bridge...... D 22 Hotel...... G 96, G 98 cable...... L 32 & flashing light...... P 10.10 Hour...... B 49 pipeline...... L 44 light...... P 10.1 House...... G 61 platform...... L 14 point...... B 22 Hulk...... F 34 Diving prohibited...... N b Fjord...... O 5 Hut...... G 62 Dock...... G c Flagpole, flagstaff...... E 27 Hydrographic terms...... O dry, graving...... F 25 Flare stack...... E 23, L 11 floating, wet...... F 26--27 Flashing light...... P 10.4 IALA Maritime Buoyage System...... Q 130 Doctor...... U 15 Flat coast...... C 5 Ice front, limits...... N 60 Dolphin...... F 20--21 Floating Ice signal station...... T 30 Dome...... E 30.4 barrier...... G 178 Illuminated...... P 63 Doubtful dock...... F 26 Imprint...... A 3 depth...... I 2 lights...... P 6 In line...... M 1--2, P 20--21 existence...... I 1 Flood barrage...... F 43 Inadequately surveyed area...... I 25 position...... B 8 Flood tide stream...... H 40 Incineration area...... N 65 Draw bridge...... D 23.6 Floodlight...... G 70 Increasing...... B 65 Dredged area, channel...... I 20--23 Floodlit structure...... P 63 Industrial harbour...... G 146 Dredging area...... N 63 Fog Inlet...... O 10 Dries...... K a detector light...... P 62 Inn...... U 10 Dry dock...... F 25 Iight...... P 52 Inner harbour...... G 140 Drying contour...... I 30 signals...... R Inshore Traffic Zone...... M 25 Drying heights...... I 15 Foot, feet...... B 47 Installations, offshore...... L Dumping ground...... N 23--24 Footbridge...... G 115 Installations, harbour...... G Dunes...... C 8 Foraminifera...... J t Institute...... G 74 Dyke...... F 1 Form lines...... C 13 Intake...... G 177, L 41.1 Fort...... E 34 Intensified sector...... P 46 East ...... B10 Foul...... K 31 Intermittent river...... C 21 East cardinal mark...... Q 130.3 Fracture zone...... O 60 International Ebb tide stream...... H 41 Free port...... G 143 abbreviations...... W Eddies...... H 45 Front light...... P 23 boundary...... N 40--41 Edition number...... A 5 Fuel station...... U 18 chart number...... A 2 Electricity...... U 19 Meridian (Greenwich)...... B 3 Electric works...... G 89 Gap...... O 63 Nautical Mile...... B 45 Elevation of light...... H 20, P 13 Gas Interrupted light...... P 10 Embankment...... D 15 bottle...... U 20 Intertidal area...... J 20--22 Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy...... Qb pipeline...... L 40.1 Island, islet...... G 1--2 English terms, abbreviations...... V works...... G 90 artificial...... L 15 Entrance...... O 16 Gasfield name...... L 1 Isogonal...... B 71 Entry prohibited area...... N 2.2, N 31 Gate...... F 42 Isolated danger mark...... Q 130.4 Environmentally Sensitive Sea Areas (ESSA) N 22 Geographical positions...... B 1--16 Isophase light...... P 10.3 Escarpment...... O 61 Glacial...... J ac Established direction of traffic flow...... M 10 Glacier...... C 25 Jetty...... F 14 Estuary...... O 17 Glauconite...... J o Josshouse...... E 15 Eucalypt...... C 31.8 Globigerina...... J u Evergreen...... C 31.2 Gong...... R 16 Kelp...... J 13 Exchange office...... U 14 Gorge...... G 33 Kilometre...... B 40 Exclusive Economic Zone...... N 47 Grain harbour...... G 151 Knoll...... O 36 Exercise area, submarine...... N 33 Grassland...... G 35 Knot...... B 52 Existence doubtful...... I 1 Gravel...... J 6 Experimental...... O 92 Graving dock...... F 25 Ladder...... U 7 Explanatory notes...... A 11, A 16 Green...... J ah, P 11.3, Q 2 Lagoon...... G 13, O 8 Explosives Greenhouse...... G 84 Lake...... C 23, O 6 anchorage area...... N 12.7 Greenwich Meridian...... B 3 LANBY...... P 6, Q 26 dumping ground...... N 23, N a Grey...... J am, Q a Land survey datum...... H 7, H 20 fog signals...... R 10 Gridiron...... F 24 Landing...... F 17 Extinguished light...... P 55 Ground...... J a area (seaplane)...... N 13

68 Index X

Landing (contd) compass...... B 60--82 Natural features...... C beacon (cable)...... Q 123 variation...... B 60--71 Natural inland features...... G 20--39 lights...... G 117 Maintained channel...... I 23 Natural watercourse...... I 16 public...... U 7 Major floating light...... P 6 Nature reserve...... N 22 site (helicopter)...... D b, G 118 Major light...... P 1 Nature of the seabed...... J stairs, steps...... F 18, U 7 Manganese...... J n Nautical mile, International...... B 45 Landmarks...... D 8, E Mangrove...... C 32 Nautophone...... R 13 Lane, submarine transit...... N 33 Manifold...... L d Naval port...... G 145 Large...... J ab Marabout...... E 18 Naval College...... G 79 Large Automatic Navigational Buoy.... P 6, Q 26 Marginal notes...... A Navigation school...... G 78 Lateral marks (IALA System))...... Q 130.1 Marina...... U 1.1 Neap tides...... H 10--20 Latitude...... B 1 facilities...... U 32 Nets, tunny...... K 44.2 Lattice beacon...... Q 111 Marine farm...... K 48 New Edition date...... A 5 Lattice tower...... G 68 Marine Reserve...... N 22 Nipa palm...... C 31.5 Laundrette...... U 22 Maritime limit...... N 1 No Anchoring Area...... N 20 Lava...... C 26, J i Marks No bottom found...... l 13 Layered bottom...... J 12.1 cardinal...... Q 130.3 Non--dangerous wreck...... K 29 Leading coloured...... Q 101 Non--directional radiobeacon...... S 10 beacons...... Q 120 distance...... B 25 Non--English terms, abbreviations...... V lights...... P 20 isolated danger...... Q 130.4 Non--tidal basin...... F 27 line...... M 1 lateral...... Q 130.1 North...... B 9 Least depth in narrow channel...... I 12 lighted...... Q 7--8 North cardinal mark...... Q 130.3 Ledge...... O 28 minor...... Q 90--102 North--east...... B 13 Leisure Facilities...... U safe water...... Q 130.5 North--west...... B 15 Lesser...... O 86 special...... Q 130.6 Notes...... A Levee...... F 1, O 65 white...... Q 101 Notice board...... Q 126 Lifeboat mooring...... T 13 Marked...... O 83 Notice to Mariners...... A 6 Lifeboat station...... T 12 Marker Ship buoy...... Q 52 Number, anchorage, Lifting bridge...... D 23.3 Marl...... J c berth...... F 19, N 11--12, Q 42 Light (in colour)...... J an Marsh...... C 33 Numerous moorings...... Q 44 Lights...... P Mast...... G 67 Nun buoy...... Q 20 character...... P 10 mooring...... G 69 colour...... P 11 radar...... E 30.1 Obelisk...... E 24 description...... P 16 radio, television...... E 28 Obscured sector...... P 43 direction...... P 30--31 wreck...... K 25 Observation platform...... L 13 disposition...... P 15 Maximum draught on track...... M 6 Observation spot...... B 21 elevation...... P 13 Maximum speed...... N 27 Observatory...... G 73 in line...... P 21 Mean Sea Level...... H 6, H 20 Obstruction...... K 40--48 landing...... G 117 Mean Tide Level...... H c, H 20 Obstruction light, air...... P 61 leading...... P 20 Measured distance...... Q 122 Occasional light...... P 50 major floating...... P 6 Median valley...... O 54 Occulting light...... P 10.2 marking fairways...... P 20--41 Medium...... J 31 Ocean...... O 1 Moiré effect...... P 31 Metre...... B 41 current...... H 43 off chart limits...... Pb Mile, nautical, sea...... B 45 Ocean Data Acquisition System on landmarks...... Pa Mileage Mark...... F 40 (ODAS) buoy...... Q 26, Q 58 period...... P 12 Military practice area...... N 30--34 Office...... G 72 range...... P 14 Mill...... G 83 custom...... F 61 sector...... P 40--c Millimetre...... B 44 Harbour Master’s...... F 60 special...... P 60--65 Minaret...... E 17 Health...... F 62.1 structure...... P 1--5 Mine...... E 36 pilot...... T 3 times of exhibition...... P 50--b Mine--laying practice area...... N 32 Offshore installations...... L Light float, major...... P 6 Minefield...... N 34 Offshore platform, lighted...... P 2 Light float, minor...... Q 30--31 Minimum depth on route...... M 27.2 Offshore position, tidal levels...... H 47 Light vessel...... P 6 Minor Ogival buoy...... Q 20 Lighted...... O 81 light...... P 1 Oil beacon...... P 3--4 marks...... Q 90--102 barrier...... F 29 marks...... Q 7--8 post, pile...... F 22 derrick...... L 10 mooring buoy...... Q 41 Minute...... B 5, B 50 harbour...... G 149 offshore platform...... P 2 Mixed bottom...... J 12.2 pipeline...... L 40.1 wreck...... K g Moat...... O 57 Oilfield:...... L 1 Lighter Aboard Ship (LASH)...... G 184 Moiré effect light...... P 31 name...... L 1 Lighthouse...... P 1 Mole...... F 12 Oily wastes, reception facilities...... G 175 Limits...... N Monastery...... G 76 One--way track...... M 5.1, M 27.3 danger line...... K 1 Monument...... E 24 Ooze...... J b dredged area...... I 20--23 Moored storage tanker...... L 17 Opening bridge...... D 23.1 gasfield, oilfield...... L 3--a Mooring...... L 12, L b Orange...... P 11.7, Q a restricted area...... M 14, N 2, N 20--b berth number...... Q 42 Ordnance Datum...... H d, H 20 routeing measure...... M 15 ground tackle...... Q 42 Ore harbour...... G 150 unsurveyed area...... I 25 lifeboat...... T 13 Outer harbour...... G 141 Linear scale...... A 13--14 mast...... G 69 Outfall...... L 41.1 Liquified Natural Gas (LNG)...... G 185 numerous...... Q 44 buoy...... Q 57 Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG)...... G 186 trot...... Q 42 cooling water...... G 177 Local Magnetic Anomaly...... B 82 visitors’...... U 3 Overfalls...... H 44 Loch...... O 6 Mooring buoy...... Q 40 Overhead Lock...... F 41 lighted...... Q 41 cable...... D 27 signal station...... T 24 tanker...... L 16, Q 26 pipe...... D 28 Log pond...... N 61 telephonic...... Q 43 transporter...... D 25 Long--flashing light...... P 10.5 Morse Code light...... P 10.9 Oysters...... J p Longitude...... B 2 Mosque...... E 17 Lookout, pilot...... T 2 Motorway...... D 10 Pack ice, limit...... N 60.2 Lookout station...... G 77 Mount, Mountain...... G 23, O 32 Paddy field...... G 36 Lough...... O 6 Mouth...... O 19 Pagoda...... E 14 Low Water...... H 4--20 Mud...... J 2 Painted board...... Q 102.2 Lower light...... P 23 Multi--storey building...... G 63 Palm...... C 31.4 Lowest Astronomical Tide...... H 2, H 20 Mussels...... J q Parking, boat, car...... U 27--28 Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSA)..... N 22 Machine house...... G 93 Named anchorage area...... N 12.3 Partly...... O 88 Madrepore...... J g Narrows...... O 15 Passage...... O 13 Magnetic...... B 61 National limits...... N 40--49 Patent slip...... F 23 anomaly...... B 82 National Park...... N 22 Path...... D 12

69 X Index

Peak...... G 25, O 35 QTG service...... S 15 Sailing club...... U 4 Pebbles...... J 7 Qualifying terms, seabed...... J 30--ao Sailmaker...... U 8 Peninsula...... G 4 Quarantine anchorage...... N 12.8 Sailors’ home...... G 97 Perch...... Q 91 Quarantine building...... F 62.1 Saint...... G 54 Period of light...... P 12 Quarry...... E 35 Salt pans...... C 24 Pharmacy...... U 16 Quartz...... J f Saltings, salt marsh...... C 33, G 12 Physician...... U 15 Quay...... F 13 Sand...... J 1 Pictorial symbols...... E 3.1 Quick light...... P 10.6 Sandhills, Sand dunes...... C 8 Pier...... F 14 Sandwaves...... J 14 promenade...... F 15 Races...... H 44 Sandy shore...... C 6 ruined...... F 33.2 Racing mark...... Qd Satellite navigation systems...... S 50 Pile, piling...... F 22, G 179 Racon...... S 3 Scanner, radar...... E 30.3 Pile, piling (contd) Radar...... S 1--5 Scarp...... O 61 row of...... G 180 beacon, transponder...... S 2--3 School...... G b, G 78 submerged...... K 43 conspicuous...... S 5 Scoriæ...... J l Pillar...... E 24 dome, mast, scanner, tower...... E 30 Scrubbing grid...... F 24 buoy...... Q 23 range...... M 31 Sea...... O 2 Pilot reference line...... M 32 ice limit...... N 60.2 boarding place...... T 1 reflector...... Q 10--11, S 4 mile...... B 45 cruising vessel position...... T 1 station...... S 1 moat...... O 57 helicopter transfer...... T 1.4 surveillance system...... M 30--32 sea loch...... O 6 lookout...... T 2 Radio...... S 10--16 Seabed operations...... N a office...... T 2--3 direction--finding station...... S 14 Seabed, types of...... J 1--z Pilotage...... T 1--4 mast, tower...... E 28--29 Sea channel...... O 56 Pinnacle...... O 29 reporting line, point...... M 40 Seal...... A 12 Pipe, pipeline...... L 40--44 station, QTG service...... S 15 Seal sanctuary...... N 22 land...... D 29 Radiobeacon...... S 10--16 Seamount...... O 33--34 overhead...... D 28 Radiolaria...... J w Seaplane Plateau...... G 30, O 39 Radome...... E 30 anchorage...... N 14 Platform...... L 2, L 10, L b, L 13--14, L 22, P 2 Rail Traffic...... G 110--118 anchorage buoy...... Q 60 Point...... G 9 Railway, railway station...... D 13 landing area...... N 13 fixed...... B 22 Ramark...... S 2 Seasonal sea ice limit...... N 60.2 radio reporting...... M 40 Ramp...... F 23 Seasonal buoy...... Q 71 symbols...... B 32 Range...... G 21 Seawall...... F 2 Pole...... Q 90 Rapids...... C 22 Second...... B 6, B 51 Police...... G 156 Ravine...... G 32 Sector water...... U 31 Rear light...... P 22 faint...... P 45 Polyzoa...... J y Reception facilities, oily wastes...... G 175 intensified...... P 46 Pontoon...... F 16 Reclamation area...... F 31, G 136 Iights...... P 40--41 bridge...... D 23.5 Recommended obscured...... P 43 Ports...... F direction of traffic flow...... M 11, M 26 restricted...... P 44 types...... G 130--c route...... M 28.1 unintensified...... P c control signal station...... T 23 track...... M 3--4, M 6 Separation line...... M 12 Position...... B 22 Recreation zone buoy...... Q 62 Separation zone...... M 13, M 20 approximate...... B 7 Red...... J aj, P 11.2, Q 3, Q a Settlements...... D 1--8, G 50--54 beacon, buoy...... Q 1 Reed...... R 13 Sewage works...... G 92 doubtful...... B 8 Reef...... J 22, K 16, O 26 Sewer...... L 41 fog signal...... R 1 Refinery...... G 87 Shapes, Buoy...... Q 20--26 geographical...... B 1--16 Reflector, radar...... Q 10--11, S 4 Shed, transit...... F 51 pilot cruising vessel...... T 1 Refrigerated storage house...... G 86 Sheerlegs...... F 53.3 tidal data...... H 30, H 46 Refuge beacon...... Q 124, T 14 Shelf...... O 42--43 Position--fixing systems...... S Refuse bin...... U 26 Shellfish bed...... K 47 Post...... F 22 Relief...... C 10--14 Shells...... J 11 box...... U 24 Reported anchorage...... N 10 Shingle...... J d Office...... F 63 Reported depth...... I 3--4 Shingly shore...... C 7 submerged...... K 43 Reporting, Radio...... M 40 Shinto shrine...... E 15 Power Rescue station...... T 11--12 Ship lift...... G 131 cable...... L 31 Research platform...... L 13 Shipyard...... G 189 transmission line...... D 26 Reserve fog signal...... R 22 Shoal...... O 25 station...... G 88 Reserved anchorage area...... N 12.9 Shoaled...... O 91 Practice area (military)...... N 30--34 Reservoir...... G 135 Shore, shoreline...... C 1--8 Precautionary area...... M 16, M 24 Resilient beacon...... P 5 Showers...... U 21 Preferred channel buoy...... Q 130.1 Restaurant...... U 11 Side arm...... O 68 Private buoy...... Q 70 Restricted area...... M 14, N 2.1 Signal station...... T 20--31, T 33--36 Private light...... P 50, P 65 Restricted light sector...... P 44 Sill...... O 62 Production platform...... L 10 Retroreflecting material...... Q 6 Silo...... E 33 Production well...... L 20 Ridge...... G 22, O 30 Silt...... J 4 Prohibited...... O c Rise...... O 31, O 46 Single Buoy Mooring (SBM)...... L 16, Q 26 anchoring...... N 20 River...... C 20--21 Single Point Mooring (SPM)...... L 12 area...... N 2.2, N 31 Road...... D 10--12 Single Well Oil Production System (SWOPS).. L c fishing...... N 21 Road traffic...... G 110--118 Siren...... R 12 Projected...... O 80 Roads, roadstead...... O 20 Sketches...... E 3.2 Promenade pier...... F 15 Rock...... G 11, J 9.1, K 10--15 Slip...... G 171 Prominent...... O d area...... J 21 Slipway...... F 23, U 5 Promontory...... G 20 Rocket station...... T 12 Slope...... O 44--45 Province...... O 66 Roll--on, Roll--off (RoRo) ferry terminal...... F 50 Sluice...... G 133 Provisions...... U 13 Rotating pattern radiobeacon...... S 12 Small...... J aa Pteropods...... J x Roundabout, traffic separation...... M 21 Small craft anchorage...... N a Public Route...... M 27--28 Small craft facilities...... U buildings...... F 60--63 Routeing measures...... M 10--a Snags...... K 43 house...... U 10 Row of piles...... G 180 Soft...... J 35 Ianding...... U 7 Ruin...... D 8, F 33 Sound...... O 12 telephone...... U 25 Runway...... G 116 Soundings...... I 1--24 toilets...... U 23 Sources (diagram)...... A 17 Publication note...... A 4 Saddle...... O 64 South...... B 11 Pumice...... J j Safe clearance depth...... K 3 South cardinal mark...... Q 130.3 Pump house...... G 93 Safe vertical clearance...... D 26, H 20 South--east...... B 14 Pylon...... D 26 Safe water marks...... Q 130.5 South--west...... B 16 Pyramid...... G 65 Safety fairway...... M a Spa hotel...... G 98 Safety zone...... L 3 Spar buoy...... Q 24

70 Index X

Special lights...... P 60--65 Territorial Sea, straight baseline...... N 42 Unsurveyed Special marks...... Q 130.6 Tidal area...... I 25 Special purpose buoys...... Q 50--62 barrier...... G 130 coastline...... C 2 Special purpose beacons...... Q 120--126 basin...... F 28 wreck...... K 28--30 Speckled...... J ad gully...... O 67 Upper light...... P 22 Speed Limit...... N 27 harbour...... F 28 Urban area...... D 1 Spherical buoy...... Q 22 light...... P b Spindle buoy...... Q 24 Tidal level...... H 1--30 Valley...... G 31, O 53--54 Spire...... E 10.3 station, offshore...... H 47 Variable arrow light...... P 31 Spit...... G 10 table...... H 30 Variation...... B 60, B 68.1, B 68.2 Spoil ground...... N 62 Tidal stream...... H 31--f Vegetation...... C 30--33, G 34 buoy...... Q 56 ebb, flood...... H 40--41 Vertical Sponge...... J r station...... H 46 Spot heights...... C 11--13 signal station...... T 34 clearance...... D 20, D 22--28 Spring, seabed...... J 15 table...... H 30 colour stripes...... Q 5 Spring tides...... H 8--20 Tide lights...... P 15 Spur...... O 41 gauge, scale...... T 32 Very Large Crude Carrier (VLCC)...... G 187 Stake...... K 44.1, Q 90--91 rips...... H 44 Very quick light...... P I0.7 Stations signal station...... T 33 Viaduct...... G 113 bunker...... G 174 Tideway...... O 67 Viewpoint...... B a coastguard...... T 10--11 Timber harbour...... G 153 Views...... E 3.2 coast radar...... M 30, S 1 Timber yard...... F 52 Village...... D 4, G 51--52 coast radio...... S 14--15 Time signal station...... T 31 Violet...... P 11.5 fuel...... U 18 Toilets...... U 23 Visitors’ berth, mooring...... U 2--3 lookout...... G 77 Ton, tonne, tonnage...... B 53 Volcanic...... J 37 railway...... D 13 Topmark...... Q 9--11, Q 102.1 Volcano...... G 26 rescue...... T 11--13 Topographic terms...... G signal...... T 20--36 Tower...... E 20 Wall, training...... F 5 Steep coast...... C 3 beacon...... P 3, Q 110 Warehouse...... F 51, G 85 Steps...... F 18, U 7 church...... E 10.2 Watch tower...... G 77 Sticky...... J 34 lattice...... G 68 Water Stiff...... J 36 radar...... E 30.2 discoloured...... K d Stones...... J 5 radio, television...... E 29 features...... C 20--25 Stony shore...... C 7 watch...... G 77 mill...... G 83 Storage tanker...... G 183, L 17 water...... E 21 Storehouse...... G 85 Town...... G 50 pipe, pipeline...... L 40--41 Storm signal station...... T 28 Town Hall...... G 71 police...... U 31 Strait...... O 11 Track...... D12,M1--6,M27 tap...... U 17 Stranded wreck...... K 20--21, K 24 Trade port...... G 147 tower...... E 21 Stream...... C 20 Traffic (road, rail, air)...... G 110--118 works...... G 91 Street...... D 7, G 110 Traffic flow, direction...... M 10--11, M 26 Waterfall...... C 22 Strip light...... P 64 Traffic Separation Scheme...... M 10--25 Wave recorder...... H e Stumps...... K 43 buoy...... Q 61 buoy...... Q 59 Submarine Traffic signal...... T 21--22, T 25.2 Wave--actuated fog signal...... R 21--22 cable...... L 30--32 Traffic surveillance station...... M 30 Way point...... M 40 exercise area...... N 33 Trailer park...... U 28 Weather signal station...... T 29 pipeline...... L 40--44 Training wall...... F 5 Weed...... J 13.1 transit lane...... N 33 Tramway...... D a, G 112 Weir...... F 44 Submerged...... O 90 Transhipment facilities...... F 50--53 Weir, fish...... K 44.2 rock, beacon on...... Q 83 Transhipment area...... N 64 Well...... G 94 Subsidiary light...... P 42 Transit...... M 2 head...... L 23 Summit...... G 24 lane...... N 33 production...... L 20 Sunken rock...... O 27 shed...... F 51 suspended...... L 21 Superbuoy...... L 16, P 6, Q 26, Q 58 Transmitter, Automatic Identification West...... B 12 Supply pipeline...... L 40 System...... S 17.1--17.2 West cardinal mark...... Q 130.3 Surveyed coastline...... C 1 Transponder beacon...... S 3 Wet dock...... F 27 Suspended well...... L 21, L c--d Transporter...... D 24--25 Wharf...... F 13, G d Suspension bridge...... G 114 Trap, fish...... K 44.2--45 Swamp...... C 33 Travelling crane...... F 53.1 Whistle...... R 15 Swept area, depth...... I 24, K 2 Trees...... C 31 White...... J ae, P 11.1, Q a Swing bridge...... D 23.2 height to top...... C 14 White mark...... Q 101 Swinging circle...... N 11.2 Trench...... O 51 Wind farm...... E 26.2, L 5.2 Symbols in plan...... B 30 Triangulation point...... B 20 Wind signal station...... T 29 Symbols in profile...... B 31 Trot, mooring...... Q 42 Windmill...... E 25 Synchronized...... Pd Trough...... O 52 Windmotor...... E 26 True (compass)...... B 63 Wind turbine...... E 26.1, L 5.1 Tableland...... G 29 Tufa...... J k Wire drag sweep...... I 24, K 2 Tablemount...... O 38 Tun buoy...... Q 25 Withy...... Q 92 Tank...... E 32 Tunnel...... D 16 Woodland, woods...... C 30, G 38--39 Tanker Tunny nets...... K 44--45 Works...... G 81--92 anchorage area...... N 12.5 Turbine...... E 261, L 51, L24 Works in progress...... F 30--32 cleaning facilities...... G 176 Turning area...... O 69 World Geodetic System (WGS)...... A3, S 50 mooring buoy...... L 16, Q 26 Turning basin...... O 69 Wreck...... K 20--31 storage...... G 183, L 17 Turning circle...... O 69 buoy...... Q b Tap, water...... U 17 Two--way route...... M 27.2 M 28.2 historic...... N 26 Target buoy...... Q 51 Two--way track...... M 4 lighted...... K f Telegraph Tyfon...... R 13 line...... D 27 Types of seabed...... J 1--z Yacht berth, harbour...... U 1 office...... G 95 Yacht club...... U 4 station...... T 27 Ultra quick light...... P 10.8 Telephone line...... D 27 Ultra Large Crude Carrier (ULCC)...... G 188 Yard Telephone, public...... U 25 Uncovers...... K c building...... G 172 Telephonic mooring buoy...... Q 43 Under construction, reclamation...... F 30--32 buoy...... G 173 Television mast, tower...... E 28--29 Underwater installations...... L 20--f timber...... F 52 Template...... L d Underwater rock...... K 11--15 Yellow...... J ai, P 11.6, Q 3, Q a Temple...... E 13 --16 Underwater Turbine...... L 24 Temporary light...... P 54 Unexamined depth...... I a Zone Terminal...... G 170 Unintensified sector...... P c fracture...... O 60 Terrace...... O 40 Units...... Aa, B 40--54 inshore traffic...... M 25 Territorial Sea limit...... N 43 Unmanned, unwatched light...... P 53 separation...... M 13, M 20

71 NOTES