World Heritage Scanned Nomination File Name: 1110.pdf UNESCO Region: ASIA AND THE PACIFIC __________________________________________________________________________________________________ SITE NAME: The Historic Centre of Macao DATE OF INSCRIPTION: 15th July 2005 STATE PARTY: CHINA CRITERIA: C (ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) DECISION OF THE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE: Excerpt from the Decisions of the 29th Session of the World Heritage Committee Criterion (ii): The strategic location of Macao on the Chinese territory, and the special relationship established between the Chinese and Portuguese authorities favoured an important interchange of human values in the various fields of culture, sciences, technology, art and architecture over several centuries. Criterion (iii): Macao bears a unique testimony to the first and longest-lasting encounter between the West and China. From the 16th to the 20th centuries, it was the focal point for traders and missionaries, and the different fields of learning. The impact of this encounter can be traced in the fusion of different cultures that characterise the historic core zone of Macao. Criterion (iv): Macao represents an outstanding example of an architectural ensemble that illustrates the development of the encounter between the Western and Chinese civilisations over some four and half centuries, represented in the historical route, with a series of urban spaces and architectural ensembles, that links the ancient Chinese port with the Portuguese city. Criterion (vi): Macao has been associated with the exchange of a variety of cultural, spiritual, scientific and technical influences between the Western and Chinese civilisations. These ideas directly motivated the introduction of crucial changes in China, ultimately ending the era of imperial feudal system and establishing the modern republic. BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS Macao, a lucrative port of strategic importance in the development of international trade, was under Portuguese administration from the mid 16th century until 1999, when it came under Chinese sovereignty. With its historic street, residential, religious and public Portuguese and Chinese buildings, the historic centre of Macao provides a unique testimony to the meeting of aesthetic, cultural, architectural and technological influences from East and West. The site also contains a fortress and a lighthouse, which is the oldest in China. The site bears testimony to one of the earliest and longest-lasting encounters between China and the West based on the vibrancy of international trade. 1.b State, Province or Region: Macao Special Administrative Region 1.d Exact location: N22 11 52.0 E113 32 47.0 WORLD HERITAGE CONVENTION CULTURAL HERITAGE: MACAO, CHINA The Historic Monuments of Macao The State Administration of Cultural Heritage of the People’s Republic of China The Historic Monuments of Macao Application to UNESCO for Inscription on the World Heritage List under the terms of the World Heritage Convention by the Macao Special Administrative Region (Macao SAR) of the People’s Republic of China Formally submitted by The State Administration of Cultural Heritage of the People’s Republic of China Contents 1. Identification of the Property 5 a. Country 5 b. State, province or region 5 c. Name of the property 5 d. Exact location on map and indication of geographical coordinates to the nearest second 5 e. Maps showing boundary of area proposed for inscription and buffer zone 5 f. Area of property proposed for inscription (ha.) and proposed buffer zone (ha.) 6 2. Justification for Inscription 9 a. Statement of significance 9 b. Comparative analysis 10 c. Authenticity and integrity 12 d. Criteria under which inscription is proposed 13 3. Description 17 a. Description of property 17 b. History and development 30 c. Form and date of most recent records of property 40 d. Present state of conservation 41 e. Policies and programmes related to the presentation and promotion of the property 43 4. Management 45 a. Ownership 45 b. Legal status 46 c. Protective measures and means of implementing them 47 d. Agency/agencies with management authority 49 e. Level at which management is exercised and name and address of responsible person for contact purposes 50 f. Agreed plans relating to the property 50 g. Sources and levels of finance 50 h. Sources of expertise and training in conservation and management techniques 50 i. Visitor facilities and statistics 51 j. Property management plan and statement of objectives 54 k. Staffing levels 55 5. Factors Affecting the Property 57 a. Development pressures 57 b. Environmental pressures 57 c. Natural disasters and preparedness 58 d. Visitor/tourism pressures 59 e. Number of inhabitants within the property, buffer zone 59 f. Others 60 6. Monitoring 61 a. Key indicators for measuring state of conservation 61 b. Administrative arrangements for monitoring property 62 c. Results of previous reporting exercises 62 7. Documentation 65 a. Drawings, photographs, slides and films/videos 65 b. Copies of the property management plans and extracts of other plans relevant to the property as well as excerpts of the laws and regulations regarding property management 65 c. Bibliography 105 d. Addresses where inventory, records and archives are held 109 8. Signature on behalf of the State Party 111 4 1. Identification of the Property a. Country: The People’s Republic of China b. Region: The Macao Special Administrative Region (Macao SAR) c. Name of the Property: The Historic Monuments of Macao d. Exact location on map and indication of geographical coordi- nates to the nearest second: Macao is located at 113° 32’47” E and 22° 11’52” N; closest to the World Natural Heritage site of Wulingyuan in Hunan Province, China, at 110°23’ 30” - 110°41’15” E and 29°16’25” - 29°24’25” N. Wulingyuan lies 852 kilometres northwest of Macao. d-1. Map of the geographical location of the city of Macao; d-2. Map of the location of Macao in China; d-3. Map of the geographical coordinates to the nearest sec- ond of World Natural Heritage site (Wulingyuan) in China e. Maps showing boundary of area proposed for inscription and buffer zone of the property: 5 e-1. Map of the location of The Historic Monuments of Macao in Macao e-2. Map of the boundary of protection zones and buffer zones of The Historic Monuments of Macao e-3. Maps showing the location of the nominated property (Map e-3-1 and Map e-3-2) e-4. Map showing the total area of protective zone and buffer zone f. Area of the property proposed for inscription (ha.) and pro- posed buffer zone (ha.): The total ground area of The Historic Monuments of Macao is 3.7137 hectares, with the buffer zone covering 86.1385 hectares. The respective areas of the individual properties included in the application are as fol- lows: Item Name of Cultural Property Area 1 A-Ma Temple 0.4295 hectares 2Moorish Barracks 0.2381 hectares 3 Mandarin’s House 0.3972 hectares 4 St. Joseph’s Seminary Building and Church 0.9 hectares 5 Dom Pedro V Theatre 0.1877 hectares 6 Leal Senado Building 0.1629 hectares 7 Holy House of Mercy 0.0396 hectares 8 Ruins of St. Paul’s 0.3408 hectares 9 Na Tcha Temple 0.0043 hectares 10 Section of the Old City Walls 0.003 hectares 11 Mount Fortress 0.7704 hectares 12 Guia Fortress (including the Chapel and Lighthouse) 0.2402 hectares 6 f-1. Total area of the protective zone and buffer zones The whole area extends over Guia Hill in the northeast, Avenida Almeida Ribeiro near the Inner Harbour in the west and Barra Hill in the south, with the protective zone measuring 3.7137 hectares and the buffer zone measuring 86.1385 hectares. f-2. Areas of separate protective and buffer zones Zone One is a narrow strip of land running from north to south, with the protective zone measuring 3.4735 hectares and buffer zone measur- ing 53.5272 hectares, extending south to Barra Temple Square, north to Rua Tomás Vieira, with Lilau Square, St. Augustine’s Square, Avenida Almeida Ribeiro and Leal Senado Square in the central area. Zone Two, with the protective zone measuring 0.2402 hectares and buffer zone measuring 32.6113 hectares, is centred around Guia Hill, and extends east to Estrada de Cacilhas, west to Rua de Ferreira do Amaral, south to Estrada de São Francisco and north to Avenida do Sidónio Pais. 7 8 Map of the geographical location of the city of Macao (d.1) Macao Macao China Geographical coordinates: 113 o 32'47"E, 22 o 11'52"N 20000 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 Kilometers Map of the location of Macao in China (d.2) Beijing Macao 經緯線 主要河流湖泊 中國領土 國界 Map of the geographical coordinates to the nearest second of World Heritage site (Wulingyuan) (d.3) Beijing Macao Wuling yuan 經緯線 省界 中國領土 國界 Map of the location of the Historic Monuments of Macao (e.1) Monuments Buffer Zones Macao Map of the boundary of protection zones and buffer zones of The Historic Monuments of Macao (e.2) Monuments Buffer zone 1 Buffer zone 2 Macao peninsula Map showing the location of the nominated property (e.3-1) Monuments 1 A-Ma Temple 2 Moorish Barracks 9 3 Mandarin’s House 4 St. Joseph’s Seminary Building and Church 10 5 Dom Pedro V Theatre 8 6 Leal Senado Building 11 7 Holy House of Mercy 8 Ruins of St. Paul’s 9 Na Tcha Temple 10 Section of the Old City Walls 11 Mount Fortress Buffer zone 1 Macao peninsula 7 6 4 5 3 2 1 Map showing the location of the nominated property (e.3-2) 12 Buffer zone 2 12 Guia Fortress (including the Chapel and Lighthouse) Map showing the total area of protective zone and buffer zone (e.4) 9 10 8 9 10 8 11 12 7 6 4 5 3 2 1 Total area of nominated property: 3.7137 ha.