Студентско археолошко здружение „Аксиос“ Student Archaeological Association “Axios”

АМФАКСИТИДА Amphaxitis

Спонзорирано од: Фондација Институт отворено општество Македонија Sponsored by: Foundation Open Society Macedonia

Скопје 2007 Skopje 2007

Амфакситида

Amfaksitida vo pi{anite izvori Amphaxitis in the written sources

Imeto Amfaksitida poteknuva od sta­ The name Amphaxitis stems from the rogr~kiot zbor Αμφαχίτις, so zna~ewe „od ancient Greek word ��������Αμφαχίτις�� � which���� � means��� dvete strani na Aksios (Vardar)#. Vo an­ around the two river banks of Axios (Vardar). ti~ko vreme, imeto se odnesuva na teri­ In the antiquity, this name was related to the torijata po dolniot tek na rekata Vardar, territory along the lower flow of ht e river Var­ od Demir Kapija do nejzinoto ustie. dar, from Demir Kapija to its river mouth. Dene{nata politi~ka granica me|u R. Today’s political border between R. Mace­ Makedonija i R. Grcija go deli ovoj prostor donia and R. Greece splits the area in two na dva dela. Vo ramkite na R. Makedonija, parts. The part of Amphaxitis situated in the Amfaksitida go opfa}a gevgelisko-va­ R. Macedonia is known as “Gevgelisko – Va­ landovskiot region. landovski region”.

Amfaksitida vo protoistorijata Amphaxitis in the protohistory

Najstariot istoriski podatok za regio­ The oldest written record of the region along not po dolniot tek na Vardar, go sre}avame the lower Vardar valley is found in the first Eu­ vo prviot evropski ep – Homerovata „Ili­ ropean epic poem – Homer’s Iliad. The lyrics jada#. Koga se pee za junacite koi ja branat dedicated to the heroes, defending Troy say: Troja, stihovite velat: “But Pyraichmes led the Paionians with „A krivolakite Pajonci pak si curving bows, from far away in gi vodel Pirajhme, odskraja od Amidon, Amydon, from the broad stream of Axios” od {irokostrujniot Aksij# These lyrics tell us that in the mythical Ova ni zboruva deka vo mitskoto vreme ages of the Trojan War (XIII c. BC) or at least na Trojanskata vojna (ΧΙΙΙ vek pred n.e.), in the ages when the epic was composed (VIII ili barem vo vremeto koga e nastanat epot c. BC), the lower Vardar valley was populated (VIII vek pred n.e.), dolniot tek na Vardar by the Paionians. They lived in well – organ­ go naseluvale Pajoncite. Tie `iveele vo ised settlements and their leaders originated organizirani naselbi i imale voda~i koi from the town of Amydon. This is the first his­ poteknuvale od gradot Amidon. Toa e i torical record of any part of Macedonia. prviot istoriski podatok za nekoj del od The existence of settlements, from the Makedonija. epical time, is confirmed by the archaeologi­ Postoeweto na naselbi od opeanoto cal excavations of the sites Chaushica, Bo­ vreme e potvrdeno so arheolo{kite is­ hemica, Vardino, Vardaroftsa and particularly tra`uvawa na lokalitetite ^au{ica, Bo­ Kastanas in R. Greece. There are some as­ hemica, Vardino, Vardarovca i osobeno sumptions that the settlement of Vardaroftsa Kastanas vo R. Grcija. Postojat pretpostav is the town of Amydon. They are based on its

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Сл. 1 - Карта на Македонија и Пајонија Fig. 1 - Map of Macedonia and Paionia ki deka naselbata Vardarovca e gradot expanse and central position in relation to the Amidon. Tie se baziraat na nejzinata pros­ rest of the settlements. tornost i centralna postavenost vo odnos The later ancient writers also tell us that na ostanatite naselbi. the Paionians settled the area of lower Vardar I podocne`nite anti~ki avtori ka`u­ valley. vaat deka prostorot na dolen Vardar, vo Strabo (63 BC – 24 AD) in the seventh ranite vremiwa, go naseluvale Pajoncite. book of his Geography, writing about “what Strabon (63 g. pred n.e. – 24 g. n.e.) vo is now called Macedonia”, says that in the knigata VII od svojata Geografija, zbo­ earlier days the Paionians lived in the “region ruvaj}i za „toa {to sega go vikaat Make­ around the river Axios which is named Am­ donija#, veli deka vo porani vremiwa, phaxitis because of that”. Pajoncite go naseluvale „regionot okolu Justinus (III c. AD), referring to the work rekata Aksij, koj poradi toa se vika Am­ Historiae Filipicae by Pompeus Trogus, writes faksitida#. about Macedonia and the mythical ages: “in Justin (III vek n.e.), citiraj}i go deloto the area of Paionia, which is now part of Mac­ Historiae Filipicae od Pompej Trog (I vek n.e.), edonia, king was, as is now told, Pelegon the

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zboruva za Makedonija i mitskite vre­ father of Asteropaios whose name is among miwa: „vo oblasta Pajonija, koja sega ob­ the most famous defenders of Troy.” razuva del od Makedonija, kraluval, kako From the works of these writers we can sega se raska`uva, Pelegon tatkoto na notice that at the time of their existence, lower Asteropaj, ~ie {to ime se vbroilo za nas Vardar valley was part of Macedonia, but be­ me|u najslavnite za{titnici na Troja#. fore that it belonged to the Paionians. Od delata na ovie avtori jasno se gleda deka, vo nivnoto vreme, dolniot tek na Vardar e sostaven del na Makedonija, Amphaxitis as part no pred toa toj im pripa|al na Pajoncite. of the Macedonian kingdom

There are no historical records from which Amfaksitida vo sostavot we can acknowledge exactly when the an­ na anti~koto kralstvo Makedonija cient Macedonians conquered the lower Vardar valley. Ne postojat istoriografski podatoci Thucydides (V c. BC) is the first ancient od koi doznavame koga to~no anti~kite Ma­ writer, who considered this region as part of kedonci ja osvoile teritorijata na dolen Macedonia. In his work History of the Pelo- Vardar. ponnesian War he describes the conquest of Tukidid (V vek pred n.e.) e najstariot the Thracian ruler Sitalkes from 429 BC. Ac­ avtor {to zboruva za ovoj region kako cording to him, Sitalkes and his army, depart­ del od Makedonija. Vo deloto „Istorija ing from the Paionian town of Doberos, pene­ na Peloponeskata vojna#, toj go opi{uva trated in Lower Macedonia and conquered the pohodot na trakiskiot vladetel Sitalk towns of Idomene, Gortynia and Atalante. He od 429 g. pred n.e. Spored nego, Sitalk so besieged the town of Europos, but he didn’t svojata vojska, trgnuvaj}i od pajonskiot manage to conquer it, and after that, he con­ grad Dober, prodrel vo Dolna Makedonija tinued ravaging to the East. i gi pokoril gradovite Idomene, Gortinija These are the first certain historical records i Atalante. Gradot Europ go opsadil, no for the existence of towns in the V century BC ne uspeal da go osvoi i potoa prodol`il along the Lower Vardar valley. Since that pe­ da pusto{i na istok. riod until today, Amphaxitis is considered as Ova se prvite sigurni istoriski po­ inseparable part of Macedonia. datoci koi zboruvaat deka po dolnoto The beginning of the III c. BC is marked te~enie na rekata Vardar, vo V vek pred by the Celtic destructions in the Balkan Pe­ n.e., postoele gradovi. Od toa vreme pa s¢ ninsula and Asia Minor. According to the do denes, Amfaksitida se smeta za neraz­ historiо��gr�а�p�h��ers �P�������ausanias �(�II������ c. A�D��������) and Ti�­ delen del od Makedonija. tus Livius����������������������������� (I c. AD) in the period of 2�80 ���– 2�7�9 Po~etokot na ΙΙΙ vek pred n.e. e obele`an BC the Celts overran Dardania, Paionia and so naezdata na keltskite plemiwa na Macedonia reaching to Delphi. The Vardar Val­ Balkanot. Spored istoriografite Pau­ ley is the main path connecting this territories sanija (ΙΙ vek n.e.) i Tit Livij (Ι vek n.e.), and it is very possible that the barbarians had vo periodot od 280–278 g. pred n.e. Kel­ passed through it. ��Τhe��������� results ����of the������ archaeo�����­ tite gi pregazile Dardanija, Pajonija i logical excavations at the sites in the region, Makedonija, stignuvaj}i s¢ do Delfi. indicate that in the beginning of the III c. BC, Magistralna trasa koja gi povrzuva ovie the ancient towns in Lower Vardar Valley had teritorii e Vardarskata Dolina, pa e been destroyed and later reconstructed. mnogu verojatno varvarite da pominale In the II c. BC, in the period of the reign of ottuka. Rezultatite od arheolo{kite is­ Philip V, the name Amphaxitis was used for

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tra`uvawa vo regionot, indiciraat de­ the first time in history. We can find it in the ka vo ΙΙΙ vek pred n.e. gradovite po dolen Universal History by Polybius (II c. BC) and on Vardar bile opusto{eni i podocna obno­ the coins produced in Thessalonica from 187 veni. – 168 BC, on which the name �����ΑΜΦΑΞ�Ι�ΩΝ��� ��was Vo ΙΙ vek pred n.e., vo vremeto na vlade­ engraved. ewe na makedonskiot kral Filip V, za prv­ The towns which were historically high­ pat se pojavuva imeto Amfaksitida. Nego lighted by Thucydides are also noted in the go sre}avame vo Istorijata na anti~kiot works of other ancient writers, such as: The avtor Polibij (200–118 g. pred n.e.) i na list of the Delphic list of theorodokoi from II c. monetite so natpis ΑΜΦΑΞΙΩΝ, kovani vo BC, the work Historia Naturalis by Pliny the Tesalonika od 187–168 g. pred n.e. Elder, Strabo’s Geography, the well known Gradovite vrz koi Tukidid frli isto­ map Tabula Peutengeriana etc. The records risko svetlo se zabele`ani i vo drugi from these works tell us about the existence anti~ki dela, kako {to se: Spisokot na period of the ancient towns and they give us delfiskite teorodosi od II vek pred the basis for locating them on the field. n.e., deloto Historia Naturalis na Plinij The town of Idomene, in the aforemen­ Po­tariot od I vek n.e., Geografijata na tioned ancient works, was located between Strabon, poznatata karta Tabula Peuten­ the towns of Stobi and Thessalonica near the geriana i drugi. Od niv mo`e da se doznae station Stenae (Demir Kapija). The record of periodot na egzistencija na gradovite i se the town in the work of Hieroclus from the V obezbeduva podloga za nivnoto locirawe century AD is an argument that Idomene still na teren. existed in the period of Late Antiquity. Although Gradot Idomene, vo spomenatite de­ the archaeology has not reached a conclu­ la se nao|a na patnata linija me|u grado­ sion yet, some scholars locate Idomene at the vite Stobi i Tesalonika, vo blizina na site of Isar near the village of Marvinci, Valan­

Сл. 2 - Реконструкција на стадион - каменот од Исар, Марвинци Fig. 3 - Reconstruction of the milestone from Isar, Marvinci

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stanicata Stenae (Demir Kapija). Postoe­ dovo. The excavations at this site from 1977 weto na gradot i vo deloto na Hierokle od – 1986 have uncovered a milestone with the V vek n.e., svedo~i deka Idomene `iveel distance between the towns of Doberos and i vo docnata antika. Iako naukata s¢ u{te Idomene (fig. 2). ne go dala posledniot zbor, nekoi od sov­ Written records of the town of Gortynia remenite istra`uva~i go lociraat gra­ are found in the works of Strabo and Pliny. dot Idomene na arheolo{kiot lokalitet They show the position of Gortynia, directly Isar kaj s. Marvinci. Na ovoj lokalitet, on the right riverbank of Vardar. The later writ­ so istra`uvawata od 1977–1986 godina e ten sources do not mention the existence of otkrien stadion – kamen (patokaz) so ras­ the town. The archaeological excavations at tojanieto me|u gradovite Dober i Idomene the site of Vardarski Rid in Gevgelija have re­ (sl. 2). vealed a fragmented stone with the inscrip­ Za gradot Gortinija sre}avame poda­ tion ..������Ρ[]YNI�����A������� (fig. 3�).���� Th�i�s data������������� can be a toci kaj Strabon i Plinij. Od niv doz­ background for the assumption that Gortynia navame za pozicijata na Gortinija – ne­ is located on Vardarski Rid. posredno do rekata Vardar, na nejziniot Τh�e���������������� town of Europos i�s �w�h�������������itnessed in t�h�e desen breg. Vo podocne`nite izvori gra­ works of many ancient writers (from the V c. dot ne se spomenuva. Vo arheolo{kite BC to the V c. AD). According to them, the town istra`uvawa na lokalitetot Vardarski existed until the Late Antiquity. This is the only Rid kaj Gevgelija (1995–2004 godina) ot­ ancient town of Amphaxitis with a certain lo­ krien e fragmentiran natpis od kade cation. Beside the written sources, there is an se ~ita ..Ρ[]ΥΝΙΑ (sl. 3). Ovoj podatok na­ epigraphic monument discovered in the region veduva na pretpostavka deka Vardarski of the village Ashiklar (near Goumenissa) in Rid e lokacijata na nekoga{niot grad Gor­ northern Greece. The inscription says that the tinija. town of Europos has erected the monument in Vo delata na mnogu anti~ki avtori the���������������������������������������� honour��������������������������������� of Minucius Rufus in 109 AD. To­ (od V vek pred n.e. do V vek od n.e.) e za­ day, there are archaeological excavations at svedo~en gradot Europ. Spored niv, toj this location which reveal new facts about the egzistiral s¢ do docnata antika. Ova e urbanization and the life in Europos. edinstveniot grad od Amfaksitida koj The town of Atalante, in the written sourc­ mo`eme sigurno da go locirame. Pokraj es, is also known as Alantion. According to the istoriskite izvori, najmnogu za negovata Delphic list of theorodokoi, the town was lo­ lokacija zboruva otkrieniot epigrafski spomenik vo blizina na seloto A{iklar (vo okolinata na Gumenica), severna Gr­ cija. Toa e natpis kade stoi deka gradot Europ go podignuva spomenikot vo ~est na rimskiot namesnik Minucij Ruf od 109 g. n.e. Denes, na toa mesto, se vr{at arheo­ lo{ki istra`uvawa koi ni otkrivaat no­ vi fakti za urbanizacijata i `ivotot na Europ. Atalante vo izvorite se sre}ava i pod imeto Alantion. Spored spisokot na delfiskite teorodosi toj se nao|al ju`no od Europ. Negovoto locirawe e sporno, no se pretpostavuva deka se nao|al vo blizina Сл. 3 - Натпис од Вардарски Рид, Гевгелија na Pela, na desniot breg na Vardar. Fig. 3 - Inscription from Vardarski Rid, Gevgelija

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Amfaksitida vo vremeto cated in the south of Europos. Its exact loca­ na rimskata vlast tion is still a matter of discussion, but the as­ sumptions are that Europos was somewhere Vo 168 g. pred n.e. Makedonija e osvo­ near Pella, at the right riverbank of Vardar. ena od Rimjanite i podelena na ~etiri avtonomni celini nare~eni meridi. Am­ faksitida vlegla vo sostavot na tretata Amphaxitis in the period under merida so sedi{te vo Pela. Od 148 g. pred the Roman authority n.e., na celata teritorija na Makedonija e formirana rimskata provincija Make­ In the year 168 BC, Macedonia was con­ donija. Informaciite za periodot na na­ quered by the Romans and divided in four au­ metnuvawe na rimskata vlast se crpat od tonomous parts – merides. Amphaxitis was in delata na pogore spomenatite anti~ki av­ the borders of the third meris with Pella as tori. capital. In 148 BC the whole territory of Mace­ Kon krajot na II vek pred n.e. i prvata donia became part of the province Macedonia. polovina na I vek n.e. vo Makedonija ima At the end of II c. BC and in the first half postojani prodori na severnite varvarski of I c. BC there were a lot of penetrations in plemiwa i nivni sudiri so rimskata voj­ Macedonia made by the barbaric tribes of ska. Ovie stra{ni vremiwa najdobro bi­ northern Balkans and a lot of battles were le opi{ani vo knigite na Tit Livij (59 g. fought between them and the Roman army. pred n.e. – 17 g. n.e.). Originalite se izgu­ This terrifying period was described, particu­ beni, no podatocite stignuvaat do nas pre­ larly well, in the books of Titus Livius (59 BC – ku kratkite pregledi na ovie knigi t.n. 17 AD). The originals have been lost through epitomae. the history but the records were preserved in Prodorite dovele do pusto{ewe na Ma­ the short previews named epitomae. kedonija i zamirawe na `ivotot vo mnogu These penetrations will result in destruc­ gradovi. Osobeno nastradale naselbite tion of Macedonia and decline of the life in {to se nao|ale na glavnite komunikacii. the towns. The settlements situated along the Amfaksitida i nejzinite gradovi, so po­ main communication lines were particularly zicija dol` Vardarskata Dolina, ne bile hit by the events. Amphaxitis and its towns, zaobikoleni od destruktivnata sudbina. located in the Valley of Vardar, were not ex­ Spored nekoi sovremeni istra`uva~i, cluded from the destructive destiny. According tokmu ovie nastani se pri~ina nekoi od to some modern scholars this was the reason, gradovite da prestanat so egzistencija i which led the existence of some towns to an da nedostasuvaat vo istoriskite izvori end. Because of this they were not recorded od docnata antika. in the works of the Late Antiquity writers. Istoriografskite izvori ni davaat og­ From all of this, we can notice that the his­ rani~eni podatoci koi malku pomagaat vo toriograhic sources offer very limited records, rekonstrukcijata na `ivotot vo Amfaksi­ which do not give enough information for the re­ tida. Toa {to ne mo`eme da go doznaeme od construction of the life in Amphaxitis. The facts izvorite se doznava so arheolo{kite is­ that can not be acknowledged from the ancient tra`uvawa. Arheologijata e edinstveniot works can be reached only by the methods of pat za izdignuvawe na Amfaksitida i nej­ archaeology. Archaeology is the ultimate way zinoto kulturno bogatstvo od dlabo~ini­ for the rise of Amphaxitis and its cultural heri­ te na zaboravot. tage from the depths of the oblivion.

Goce Pavlovski Goce Pavlovski

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Arheolo{koto bogatstvo na Amfaksitida

The Archaeological Heritage of Amphaxitis

Teritorijata na R. Makedonija, poto~no, The territory of R. Macedonia, especially dolinata na rekata Vardar vo minatoto the valley of the river Vardar, represented in pretstavuvala glavna komunikaciona tra­ the past, the main communication route be­ sa pome|u najvlijatelnite kulturni jadra, tween the most influential cultural entities of Grcija i Isto~niot Mediteran, od edna Greece and the East Mediterranean on the strana, i Severen Balkan, Dolnoto Po­ one hand and North Balkan, the lower part of dunavje i Kontinentalna Evropa, od druga. Podunavje and continental Europe on the oth­ Od aspekt na arheologijata osoben interes er hand. Archaeology is especially concerned predizvikuva Dolnoto Povardarje, oblast with Lower Povardarie, a region known in the vo antikata poznata kako Amfaksitida. antique as Amphaxitis. Pozicijata na Amfaksitida e edna od The location of Amphaxitis is one of the pri~inite koi ovozmo`ile ovoj region reasons, which enabled this region, to el­ mnogu rano kulturno da se izdigne, pri­ evate culturally at a very early stage, adjust­ sposobuvaj}i gi na svoite potrebi dostig­ ing to their own needs the achievements of nuvawata na golemite kulturi vo Egejot the great cultures from the Aegean and the i Mediteranot. Povolnite klimatski Mediterranean. The favorable weather condi­ uslovi, rudnite bogatstva i mo`nosta tions, mineral wealth and the ability to exploit za nivno eksploatirawe uslovile gusta them, caused dense population even since naselenost u{te vo praistorijata, a kon­ prehistory, and continuous dwelling has been tinuirano `iveewe e zabele`ano od doc­ registered in the late Bronze Age all through noto bronzeno vreme pa s¢ do krajot na the end of the Antiquity. The numerous exca­ antikata. Ovaa konstatacija ja potvrdu­ vation sites registered in the Archaeological vaat brojnite lokaliteti registrirani vo Map of R. Macedonia, as well as the ones in Arheolo{kata karta na R. Makedonija, ka­ R. Greece, have confirmed this statement. ko i onie vo R. Grcija.

Amphaxitis in the Iron Age Amfaksitida vo `eleznoto vreme The region of Lower Povardarie has been Regionot na Dolnoto Povardarje e mnogu registered in the historiography at a very early rano zabele`an vo istoriografijata, stage, especially the population, which inha­ posebno etnosot koj ja naseluval ovaa bited this territory in the Late Bronze Age - teritorija vo docnoto bronzeno vreme the Paionians. The transitional period from – Pajoncite. Preodniot period od bron­ the Bronze into the Iron Age (XII-XI c. BC)

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Сл. 1 - „Пајонски“ или „Македонски“ бронзи Fig. 1 - "Paionian" or "Macedonian" bronzes

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zenoto vo `eleznoto vreme (XII–XI vek is marked by great migrations of the people pred n.e.) e odbele`an so golemi presel­ form North, known as the Aegean migrations, bi na naselenie od sever, vo naukata whose purpose was to invade the wealthy ci- poznati kako Egejski preselbi, ~ija cel ties of the south-east Mediterranean. Part of bila osvojuvawe na bogatite gradovi vo the migration occurred along the valley of the Jugoisto~niot Mediteran. Del od pre­ river Vardar. This caused many of the settle­ selbite se odvivale po dolinata na ments from this period to be burnt down. Part Vardar, pa, taka, pove}e naselbi od toj of this population form North, whose main period se uni{teni, glavno so opo`aru­ trade branch was stock - breeding, remained vawe. Del od ova naselenie od sever, on our territory. Thereto, their cultural achieve­ ~ija{to osnovna stopanska granka bilo ments were synthesized with the ones of the sto~arstvoto, se zadr`alo na na{ata te­ native population. This data is received thanks ritorija. Pritoa do{lo do sinteza na to archaeology, and it shows how archaeolo­ nivnite kulturni pridobivki so onie na gy acts in reconstruction of past events when doma{noto naselenie. Ovoj podatok e zas­ there is no historiographical data. luga na arheologijata i poka`uva kako taa Besides stock - breeding and agriculture, deluva vo rekonstrukcija na nastanite in the VII c. BC, people started using iron in od minatoto vo nedostatok na istorio­ huge amounts, which predetermined the de­ grafski podatoci. velopment of metallurgy. This caused radical Pokraj sto~arstvoto i zemjodelieto, vo changes in the social structure and material VII vek pred n.e. zapo~nuva masovno da se and spiritual culture of the population. Con­ koristi `elezoto, {to uslovilo razvoj na cerning this, Lower Povardarie stands out as metalurgijata. Toa predizvikalo koreniti a region with special advantages and rich re­ promeni vo op{testvenata struktura i sources of copper and iron. During the period materijalnata i duhovna kultura na na­ between VII and VI c. BC, the newly devel­ selenieto. Vo ovaa smisla, Dolnoto Po­ oped branch – metallurgy attracted numerous vardarje, kako region so posebni pogod­ populations. The intensive exploitation of ores nosti i bogati resursi na bakar i `elezo, and their processing caused sudden enrich­ posebno se izdvojuva. Tuka, vo tekot ment of certain groups and individuals, which na VII i VI vek pred n.e. se koncentrira resulted in social differentiation. Out of this, brojno naselenie, potpomognato od po­ gradually rose the tribal military aristocracy, demot na novata granka – metalurgijata. which held the entire economic and political Intenzivnata eksploatacija na rudi i power. nivnata prerabotka predizvikale naglo The biggest data for the prehistoric settle­ bogatewe na odredeni grupi i poedinci, a ments in Lower Povardarie come from the so toa i socijalna diferencijacija. Taka, excavations performed in the Greek part of postepeno bila izdignata plemenskata the area Amphaxitis such as the multi-lay­ voena aristokratija koja ja imala celata ered settlements of Kastanas, Vardarovca, ekonomska i politi~ka mo}. Chaushica, Kilindar, Vardino and Amatovo. Za praistoriskite naselbi vo Dolnoto On the Macedonian part of Amphaxsitis, the Povardarje najmnogu podatoci imame od archaeological evidence for the prehistory istra`uvawata vr{eni vo gr~kiot del mostly comes from the excavations made on od oblasta Amfaksitida, i toa na pove­ necropolises from the Iron Age, which num­ }eslojnite naselbi kako Kastanas, Var­ ber should not be underestimated - there are darovca, ^au{ica, Kilindar, Vardino around fifteen. This number verifies the den­ i Amatovo. Od makedonskata strana na sity of population of this region in the prehis­ Amfaksitida, arheolo{kite soznanija tory. Among them, those on which have been za praistorijata najmnogu se baziraat performed bigger archaeological researches

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Сл.2 - „„Гроб на свештеничката“ - Лисичин Дол, с. Марвинци Fig.2 - "Tomb of the priestess" - Lisichin Dol, v. Marvinci na istra`uvawata na nekropolite od `e­ stand out: Meleznik – v. Dedeli, Zelenishte – leznoto vreme, ~ij{to broj voop{to ne e Valandovo, Lisichin Dol – v. Marvinci, Gloska za potcenuvawe – okolu petnaesetina. Chuka – v. Grchishte, Suva Reka and Milci Vakviot broj ja potvrduva gustata na­ – Gevgelija. Also, excavations have been ma­ selenost na ovoj region vo praistorijata. de on segments of prehistoric settlements at Me|u niv, bi gi izdvoile onie na koi se the sites of Isar – v. Marvinci, Isar – Valan­ vr{eni poobemni arheolo{ki istra`uva­ dovo, Vardarski Rid and Kofilak – Gevgelija wa: „Meleznik# – s. Dedeli, „Zeleni{te# and Gloska Chuka – v. Grchishte. – Valandovo, „Lisi~in Dol# – s. Marvinci, We receive insight of the material and the „Glos# – s. Gr~i{te, „Suva Reka# i „Milci# spiritual culture of the Iron Age from the find­ – Gevgelija. No sepak, istra`uvani se i ings in the graves. The most detailed data for segmenti od praistoriski naselbi od lo­ the customs and religious beliefs of a popu­ kalitetite: „Isar# – s. Marvinci, „Isar# lation is received by analyzing the manner – Valandovo, „Vardarski Rid# i „Kofilak# of burial. Most frequent items in the graves – Gevgelija i „Gloska ^uka# – s. Gr~i{te. are ceramic vessels in which people put food Pregled na materijalnata i duhovna and drink for the deceased. The decoration kultura od `eleznoto vreme mo`eme da of these vessels depended on their magical- napravime spored naodite koi se zastape­ religious function and their ethnicity. Objects ni vo grobovite. So analiza na na~inot of metal that are included in the graves are na pogrebuvaweto se dobivaat najmnogu decorative jewelry, cult jewelry and weapon podatoci za obi~aite i religioznite sfa­ – iron spears, knives and swords.

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}awa na eden narod. Kako naj~esti prilo­ The belief that certain objects have magi­ zi vo grobovite se sre}avaat kerami~ki cal characteristics, i.e. they protect from ill­ sadovi vo koi se stavale hrana i pijalok nesses, evil spirits or bring luck, welfare etc., za pokojnikot. Dekoracijata na ovie sado­ has initiated the appearance of numerous vi bila uslovena od nivnata magisko-re­ forms of so – called “cult” jewelry. We catego­ ligiska funkcija i od nivnata etni~ka rize this one in the “Macedonian” or “Paionian pripadnost. Predmeti od metal koi se bronzes” category (fig. 1), and it represents a zastapeni vo grobovite se: ukrasen nakit, main characteristic of the Paionian communi­ kulten nakit i oru`je – `elezni kopja, no­ ties, which had inhabited this area. Regard­ `evi i me~evi. ing the presence of this type of jewelry in one Veruvaweto deka nekoi predmeti imaat round unit, the so-called “Tomb of the Priest- magiski svojstva, odnosno deka {titat od ess” (fig. 2), discovered at the necropolis of bolesti i zli duhovi, ili deka nosat sre}a, Lisichin Dol - v. Marvinci, stands out. Here we blagosostojba itn., ja uslovilo pojavata na can find a vast number of various forms of cult brojni formi na t.n. kulten nakit. Ovoj go jewelry, discovered in conditions, which rep­ smestuvame vo kategorijata „Makedonski# resent the Paionian culture in the Iron Age at ili „Pajonski bronzi“ (sl. 1) i pretstavuva its best. Combining the population evidence glavno obele`je na pajonskite zaednici and their manner of burial, we form a com­ koi go naseluvale ovoj prostor. Vo pogled plete image of the cultural scope of this region na koncentracijata na ovoj tip nakit vo in the prehistoric period. edna zatvorena celina osobeno se istak­ nuva t.n. „Grob na sve{teni~kata# (sl. 2), otkrien na nekropolata „Lisi~in Dol# – s. Amphaxitis in the Antiquity Marvinci. Tuka se zastapeni najgolem broj raznovidni formi kulten nakit, otkrieni The period of the Early Antiquity (V-IV c. vo uslovi koi pretstavuvaat najsilen iz­ BC), when the Amphaxitis region is part of raz na pajonskata kultura na `eleznoto the Macedonian kingdom, is marked by the vreme. Kombiniraj}i gi soznanijata za na­ appearance of the first urbanized towns, out­ selbinskoto `iveewe i pogrebuvaweto, lined according to the model of the Greek pol­ se dobiva celokupna slika za kulturniot icies. As a result of the proximity of the Greek dostrel na ovoj region vo tekot na prais­ colonies on the Thraco - Macedonian coast, torijata. and especially the ones on Chalcidice, crafts­ manship and trade flourished in these towns. The huge number of imported items from the Amfaksitida vo antikata entire east Mediterranean, tell us just how in­ tensive the economic, mercantile and cultural Periodot na ranata antika (V-IV век relationships in the antiquity were. п.н.е.), koga oblasta Amfaksitida e del During this period, in the Amphaxitis re­ od makedonskoto kralstvo, e ozna~en so gion, the towns of Idomene, Gortynia, Ata- pojavata na prvite urbanizirani gradovi, lante and Europos started to rise. They were koncipirani po primerot na gr~kite of great geopolitical, strategic and economic polisi. Vo niv najgolem podem imale significance and their names are related to zanaet~istvoto i trgovijata, usloveni important events in the history of Ancient od blizinata na gr­kite kolonii na Macedonia. As potential locations for these Trako-makedonskiot breg, osobeno onie towns, except for Europos which has already na Halkidik. Golemiot broj uvezeni been located, are mentioned the excavation predmeti od celiot Isto~en Mediteran sites at Isar - Izvor – Kula in Valandovo, Isar zboruvaat za pointenzivnite ekonomski, – v. Marvinci and Vardarski Rid – Gevgelija.

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Сл. 3 - Стоа - Вардарски Рид, Гевгелија Fig. 3 - Stoa - Vardarski Rid, Gevgelija trgovski i kulturni vrski koi do{le do However, there are many other excavation izraz vo ovoj period. sites in Lower Povardarie which date from Vo ova vreme, vo oblasta Amfaksitida the Antiquity, and which have not been re­ se razvile gradovite Idomene, Gortinija, searched so far. Atalante i Europ. Tie imale golemo geo­ The monumental public buildings repre­ politi~ko, strate{ko i ekonomsko zna­ sented the strongest expression of the town ~ewe i za niv se vrzani va`ni nastani life. One such object has been discovered at od istorijata na anti~ka Makedonija. the excavation site of Vardarski Rid – Gevgeli­ Kako mo`ni lokacii na ovie gradovi, so ja. It is a stoa from IV - III c. BC (fig. 3), a isklu~ok na Europ koj e ve}e lociran, se building were trade used to take place. spomenuvaat lokalitetite „Isar – Izvor After the death of Alexander III of Mace­ – Kula# vo Valandovo, „Isar# – s. Marvinci don (323 BC), began a new historical period, i „Vardarski Rid# – Gevgelija. Me|utoa, under the name of Hellenistic period. The cul­ postojat u{te brojni lokaliteti vo Dolno­ tural achievements from this period came as to Povardarje koi datiraat od antikata, a a result of the cosmopolitan idea of uniting the na koi ne se vr{eni istra`uvawa. values of the conquered territories with the Najsilen izraz na gradskiot `ivot se values of the Hellenic civilization. This period monumentalnite javni gradbi. Vakov eden is also marked by the changes in the material objekt e otkrien na lokalitetot „Vardar­ and spiritual culture. ski Rid# – Gevgelija. Stanuva zbor za stoa The form and the manufacture of the jew­ od IV–III vek pred n.e. (sl. 3), objekt kade elry, as most liable to changes, and which {to se odvivala trgovska razmena. depended on the exquisite taste of the in­ Po smrtta na Aleksandar III Makedonski habitants, shows a remarkable artistic perfor­ (323 g. pred n.e.) zapo~nuva nov istoriski mance, as is never to be seen before (fig. 4).

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Of the housing buildings, special atten­ tion should be given to the The House of the Collector (fig. 5), discovered at Vardarski Rid – Gevgelija. According to the discovered ceramic material and the coins, the build­ ing dates from the II c. BC. What makes this house special is the fact that its owner co­ llected ancient objects that have high aesthe­ tic value. There are 120 ceramic vessels, 16 terracotta figurines, 1 marble sculpture, some Сл. 4 - Златни обетки - Исар, cult objects from the Macedonian i.e. Paionian с. Марвинци - II век п.н.е bronzes, iron and bronze objects and some Fig. 4 - Golden earrings - Isar, v. Marvinci - II century BC jewelry made out of bronze, glass paste and bone. The entire material dates from different period, nare~en helenisti~ki period. periods in time, from VII to II c. BC. As most Kulturnite pridobivki od ova vreme se prominent is the marble sculpture of Aphrodite rezultat na kosmopolitskata ideja za obe­ from IV c. BC (fig. 6). If the collection mak­ dinuvawe na vrednostite od osvoenite ing were ever to become part of the museum teritorii so vrednostite na helenskata activities, than this would be the world’s first civilizacija. Ovoj period e prosleden i museum. so promeni vo materijalnata i duhovna In addition to the religion and religious be­ kultura. liefs, we should mention that people in Am-

Сл. 5 - „Куќата на колекционерот“ - Вардарски Рид, Гевгелија Fig. 5 - "The House of the Collector" - Vardarski Rid, Gevgelija

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Formata i izrabotkata na nakitot, phaxitis nurtured paganism. Some god-wor­ kako najpodlo`en na izmeni koi{to za­ ships date from prehistory, and others are visele od razvieniot estetski vkus na taken from the Hellenistic pantheon or Asia naselenieto vo Amfaksitida, poka`uvaat Minor, such as the Kibela cult, whose rep­ dotoga{ neviden stepen na umetni~ka resentations in marble or terracotta are fre­ izvedba (sl. 4). quently found at the excavation sites in this Od stanbenite objekti posebno vnima­ region. nie zaslu`uva „Ku}ata na kolekcionerot# When the Romans conquered the region (sl. 5), otkriena na „Vardarski Rid# – Gev­ and Macedonia Province became part of the gelija. Spored otkrieniot kerami~ki ma­ Roman Empire in 148 BC, the population had terijal i monetite, objektot e datiran kept for a long time, the same cultural charac­ vo II vek pred n.e. Ona po {to ovaa ku}a teristics, their way of living and organization. posebno se izdvojuva e toa {to nejziniot However, later they had been affected by the sopstvenik sobiral postari predmeti koi imaat visoki estetski vrednosti. Vo nea se otkrieni golem broj artefakti, ka­ ko 120 kerami~ki sadovi, 16 terakotni figurini, edna mermerna skulptura, po­ ve}e kultni predmeti od kategorijata „Makedonski# odnosno „Pajonski bronzi“, `elezni i bronzeni predmeti i nakit od bronza, staklena pasta i koska. Celiot ovoj materijal poteknuva od razli~ni pe­ riodi, od VII do II vek pred n.e. Posebno me­to zazema mermernata skulptura na Afrodita od IV vek pred n.e. (sl. 6). Ako kolekcionerstvoto go opredelime kako muzeolo{ka dejnost, toga{ ovoj objekt bi go tretirale kako prv muzej vo svetski ramki. Koga sme kaj religijata i veruvawata, da spomeneme deka vo Amfaksitida bile neguvani kultovi na pove}e bo`estva. Nekoi od niv vle~at koreni u{te od pra­ istorijata, drugi se prezemeni od helen­ skiot panteon ili od Mala Azija, kako {to e kultot na Kibela, ~ii pretstavi vo mermer ili terakota se ~esti naodi na lokalitetite vo regionot. So osvojuvawata na Rimjanite na ovie prostori i formiraweto na provincijata Makedonija (148 g. pred n.e.) vo ramkite na Rimskata Imperija, naselenieto vo po­ dolg period gi zadr`alo starite kulturni obele`ja, na~in na `ivot i ureduvawe, iako podocna gi poprimilo vlijanijata Сл. 6 - Мермерна скулптура на Афродита - na dominantnata rimska kultura. Nekoi Вардарски рид, Гевгелија makedonski gradovi prodol`ile da opsto­ Fig. 6 - Marble sculpture of Aphrodite - Vardarski Rid, Gevgelija

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Сл. 7 - Локалитет Исар, с. Марвинци Fig. 7 - The site of Isar, Marvinci juvaat i da se razvivaat pod rimska vlast, influence of the predominant Roman culture. so odredeni izmeni vo na~inot na ur­du­ Some Macedonian towns continued to exist vawe. Vo gradovite se javuva poinakva and develop under the Roman authority with arhitektura koja odgovara na potrebite certain changes concerning the way they na rimskiot na~in na `ivot. Religijata, were organized. Towns began to adopt differ­ isto kako i vo prethodnite periodi, ima­ ent architecture that would correspond to the la golema uloga. I vo ovoj period se gra­ needs of the Roman way of living. Religion deni hramovi posveteni na odredeni still remained as important as in the previous bo`estva. Vakov eden hram e otkrien na time periods. Temples built to honor certain lokalitetot „Isar# – s. Marvinci. Toj e deities also marked this period. Such temple lociran na dominantna pozicija nad gra­ has been discovered at the excavation site of dot i okolinata. Posveten e na Herakle Isar – v. Marvinci. It is located on a very domi­ so kogo se identifikuval rimskiot impe­ nant position in the town and its surrounding. rator Komod. Na arhitravnata greda e is­ It has been dedicated to Heracles, whom the pi{an natpis na starogr~ki jazik, od koj Roman emperor Comodus identified with. The doznavame deka hramot e podignat vo 181 architrave beam of the temple has an inscrip­ g. od n.e. od strana na eden makedonijarh tion in Ancient Greek, saying that the temple – visok funkcioner na makedonskoto sob­ was built in 181 AD by a Macedoniarch – a ranie. high authority in the Macedonian council. Uslovena od nejzinata geomorfolo{ka, Predetermined by the geo – morphologi­ strate{ka i politi~ka polo`ba, oblasta cal, strategic and political location, the Am-

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Amfaksitida vo eden podolg period gi phaxitis region had transmitted northwards prenesuvala na sever civilizaciskite its own civilization characteristics. It elevated pridobivki, pritoa izdignuvaj}i se i itself to a position of a genuine generator of samata sebe na nivo na vistinski gene­ cultural values, which significantly influenced rator na kulturnite vrednosti koi zna­ the neighboring Balkan regions. However, ~ajno vlijaele vrz sosednite balkanski there are many questions connected to the oblasti. Me|utoa, na golem broj pra{awa Amphaxitis region that the science is still in povrzani so Amfaksitida naukata s¢ u{te search for answers. This leaves the region nema odgovoreno. Zatoa, postoi prostor open for new researches, which results would za istra`uvawa so ~ii rezultati bi se give the complete picture of the life in this re­ nadopolnila celosnata slika za `ivotot gion. vo ovoj region. Zlatko Kovancaliev Zlatko Kovancaliev

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Me|unaroden istra`uva~ki centar „Amfaksitida“

International research centre “Amphaxitis”

Istorijat na istra`uvawata Research history

Istorijatot na arheolo{kite istra­ The history of the archaeological researches `u­­vawa vo gevgelisko-valandovskiot of the Gevgelisko - Valandovski region dates region datira u­­{te od vremeto na Prva­ from the time of the World War I. The first ta svetska vojna. Za prvo arheolo{ko „is­ archaeological research is considered to be tra`u­­vawe# mo`e da se smeta aktivnosta the activity of the German soldiers, stationed na germanskite vojnici stacionirani along the line of the battlefront in Thessaloniki. dol` linijata na Solu­­nskiot front. Na Leaded by the German (officer) archaeologist ~elo so germanskiot arheolog (oficer) H. Dragendorff they made some excavations H. Dragendorf, tie vr{ele iskopu­­vawa near the villages of Dedeli and Marvinci. After kaj selata Dedeli i Marvinci. Po ova, ar­ this, the archaeological activities concerning heolo{kite aktivnosti povrzani so ovoj this region stagnate or are completely region stagniraat ili celosno prekinu­­­ stopped. In the ‘70s, a group of necropolises vaat. Vo sedu­­mdesettite godini na mina­ from the Gevgelisko - Valandovski region tiot vek, interes pobu­­du­­vaat otkritijata attracted some attention. Certain long-term povrzani so gru­­pata nekropoli od gevge­ systematic excavations, on the necropolises lisko-valandovskiot region. Vr{eni se at Dedeli and Marvinci in Valandovo, Milci and pove}egodi{ni sistematski istra`u­­vawa Suva Reka in Gevgelija have been made; all na nekropolite: Dedeli i Marvinci vo with material dating form the Iron Age. The Valandovo, Milci i Su­­va Reka vo Gev­ interventions continued in the following years. gelija, site so materijal od `eleznoto Some research has been made on several vreme. Intervenciite prodol`ile i vo excavation sites, on which settlements have naredniot period. Istra`u­­vawa se vr­ been identified. According to the size of the {eni i na nekolku­­ lokaliteti na koi e activities performed we could distinguish the identifiku­­vano naselbinsko `iveewe. systematic excavation at the site of Isar - v. Po obemot na rabotite bi mo`elo da se Marvinci. The archaeological researches at izdvoi sistematskoto istra`u­­vawe na other excavation sites are fewer in number, lokalitetot Isar kaj selo Marvinci. Ar­ and short-termed. In 1995, Prof. Dr D. heolo{kite istra`u­­vawa na dru­­gite lo­ Mitrevski began systematical archaeological kaliteti od ovoj period bile so pomal researches at the excavation site of Vardarski obem i imale za{titen karakter. Vo 1995 Rid in Gevgelija. Thanks to this activity, in just g. prof. d-r Dragi Mitrevski otpo~na sis­ a few years, precious information has been tematski arheolo{ki istra`u­­vawa na obtained, which have been further presented

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Сл .1 - Поглед на долината на Вардар од локалитетот Глос, с. Грчиште Fig. 1 - Lower Vardar Valley - a view from the site of Glos, v. Grchishte lokalitetot Vardarski Rid vo Gevgelija. on scientific conventions and fully published. Blagodarenie na ovaa akcija, za nekolku­­ The activity at this excavation site has been godini se dobieni dragoceni informa­ in progress to this day and shall continue in cii koi se prezentirani na nau­­~ni sobiri future. i vo celost se pu­­bliku­­vani. Rabotite na ovoj lokalitet traat do denes, a }e pro­ dol`at i vo idnina. Current activities

The main focus of the current archeological Sega{ni aktivnosti activities is the research at the excavation site of Glos – v. Grchiste. In the period between Glaven akcent na sega{nite arheolo{­ 01.06.2006 and 01.07.2006, under the ini­ ki aktivnosti davaat istra`u­­vawata na tiative of the Institute for History of Art and lokalitetot Glos, s. Gr~i{te. Vo peri­ Archaeology and the students from the Student odot od 01.06.2006 do 01.07.2006 be{e Archaeological Association “Axios”, the project realiziran proektot „Internacionalen “International Student Archaeological Camp stu­­dentski arheolo{ki kamp Amfaksi­ Amphaxitis” has been realized. The fulfillment of tida# ~ii inicijatori bea Institu­­tot za the project was an opportunity for the students istorija na u­­metnosta i arheologija i stu­­­ of archaeology to get to know and directly

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Сл. 2 - Археолошка теренска работа на локалитет Глос, с. Грчиште Fig. 2 - Archaeological fieldwork at the site Glos, v. Grchishte dentite organizirani vo Stu­­dentskoto arheolo{ko zdru­­`enie „Aksios#. Real­ izacijata na proektot be{e mo`nost stu­­­ dentite po arheologija direktno da se zapoznaat i da u­­~estvu­­vaat vo rabotata na teren. Finansiskata podloga ja obez­ bedija FIOOM (Fondacija „Institu­­t ot­ voreno op{testvo Makedonija#) i Filo­ zofskiot faku­­ltet, Skopje. Uspe{nata realizacija na proektot otvori novi na­ soki i perspektivi.

Idni aktivnosti Сл. 3 - Археолошка теренска работа - Глос, с. Грчиште Fig. 3 - Archaeological fieldwork - Glos, v. Grchishte Prodol`u­­vaweto na istra`u­­vawata vo Dolnoto Povardarje e osnovna cel i participate in a fieldwork. The financial backup prioritet za arheolozite vo Repu­­blika was obtained from the foundation FOSIM Makedonija. Arheolo{koto bogatstvo, ne­ (Foundation Open Society Institute Macedonia) govata za{tita i javna prezentacija se and the Faculty of Philosophy in Skopje. The temelite na koi se baziraat idnite ak­ successful realization of the project has given tivnosti na arheolozite. new directions and opportunities. Pokraj arheolozite, za ovoj region, za `al, ima interes i edna dru­­ga gru­­pa lu­­|e, nare~eni „divi kopa~i#. Vo izminative Future activities nekolku­­ godini ovaa pojava se zakanu­­va celosno da ja u­­ni{ti ku­­ltu­­rnata istorija The continuance of the excavations in na ovoj arheolo{ki najeksponiran del od Lower Povardarie is of prime importance for

23 Амфакситида

the archaeologists of the Republic of Macedonia. The archaeological heri­ tage, its protection and public presentation are the basis for the future activities of the archaeologists. However, the archaeo­ logists are not the only ones who are interested in this region. There exists a group of people called “looters”. In the past several years, this occurrence has threatened to destroy the entire cultural heritage of this archaeologically most exposed part of R. Mace­ donia. These unfavorable Сл. 4 Документирање на археолошкиот материјал - Глос, с. Грчиште Fig. 4 Documentation of the archaeological finds - Glos, v. Grchishte circumstances gave the rea­ son for the initiation of an R. Makedonija. Vakviot splet na okolnos­ important project, with a title: ti be{e pri~ina za izrabotka na seriozen “International Research Centre Amphaxitis”. proekt nasloven kako: „Me|u­­naroden is­ This centre is a project of the Institute tra`u­­va~ki centar Amfaksitida#. for History of Art and Archaeology. It is a Centarot e proekt na Institu­­tot za model for serious and mass extent of the istorija na u­­metnosta i arheologija. Toj archaeological research and education. There e model za seriozen i masoven obem na are no time limits for the project and it has arheolo{ko istra`u­­vawe i edu­­kacija. been created to provide permanent presence Proektot nema vremenski ramki, pred­ of the archaeologists in Lower Povardarie. viden e da obezbedi permanentno pri­ The educational segment shall be realized sus­­tvo na arheolozite vo Dolnoto Po­ in cooperation with the Student Archaeology vardarje. Edu­­kativniot segment }e se Association “Axios”, and it includes conti­ re­lizira vo sorabotka so Stu­­dentskoto nuation of the activity of the Student Archaeo­ arheolo{ko zdru­­`enie „Aksios# i podraz­ logy Camp. This centre has a prefix “interna­ bira prodol`u­­vawe na rabotata na stu­­­ tional”, and gives the opportunity for foreign dentskiot arheolo{ki kamp. Centarot e archaeological institutions to take part in it. so predznak „me|u­­naroden# i ovozmo`u­­va There has been established a collaboration prisu­­stvo na stranski arheolo{ki insti­ with the American archaeologists from TFAHR tu­­cii. Vo taa nasoka ve}e e obezbedena (Texas Foundation for Archaeological and sorabotka so amerikanski arheolozi od Historical Researches). The American archaeo­ fondacijata TFAHR (Texas Foundation for logists, together with the archaeologists Archaeological and Historical Researches). from R. Macedonia, have been doing some Tie, zaedno so arheolozite od R. Make­ excavations in Lower Povardarie for quite donija, ve}e podolgo vreme se prisu­­tni i some time. Other scientists that specialize vr{at istra`u­­vawa vo Dolnoto Povardar­ in different scientific areas shall participate je. Vo rabotata na Centarot }e se vklu­­~at in the activity of the centre, which gives an i nau­­~nici od dru­­gi nau­­~ni oblasti, so interdisciplinary notion to the researches. This {to se dobiva interdisciplinaren pri­

24 Амфакситида

stap vo istra`u­­vawata. Ova pridonesu­­va contributes to the more efficient operation of za poefikasna rabota na Centarot i izvr­ the centre and accomplishment of tasks at {u­­vawe na zada~ite na najvisoko mo`no the highest possible scientific level. By doing nau­­~no nivo. So toa se zadovolu­­va i pred­ this, we satisfy the predicted high criterion of videniot visok kriteriu­­m na fu­­nkcioni­ functioning. rawe. The ultimate goal of the international cen­ Krajna cel na Me|u­­narodniot istra`u­­­ tre is the revitalization and preparation of the va~ki centar e revitalizacija i podgot­ archaeological excavation sites for their pub­ vu­­vawe na arheolo{kite lokaliteti za lic presentation. By doing this, we hope to nivna javna prezentacija. Na ovoj na~in }e help build the common sense for protection se pomogne vo izgradbata na op{tata svest of the cultural heritage and attract more visi­ za za{tita na ku­­ltu­­rnoto nasledstvo i }e tors, which shall be directly introduced to the se privle~at posetiteli koi direktno }e archaeological heritage of Republic of Mace­ se zapoznaat so arheolo{koto bogatstvo donia. na Repu­­blika Makedonija. Jovan Radnjanski Jovan Radwanski

25 Издавач: Студентско археолошко здружение „Аксиос“ Publisher: Student Archaeological Association “Axios”

www.axios.org.mk

Редакциски одбор: Рецензенти: Гоце Павловски (Главен уредник) проф д-р Драги Митревски Јован Радњански м-р Силвана Блажевска Златко Кованцалиев Recension: Editorial board: Ph.D. Dragi Mitrevski Goce Pavlovski (Еditor in chief) M.A. Silvana Bla�ževska����� Jovan Radnjanski Zlatko Kovancaliev

Превод на англиски јазик: Лектура: Татјана Ристовска Михаил Лопарски English translation: Macedonian proofreading: Tatjana Ristovska Mihail Loparski

Компјутерска подготовка: Бранко Гаштеовски Computer Layout: Branko Ga�š�������teovski

Печатница: Тетрагон, Sкопје Printed by: Tetragon, Skopje

300 примероци 300 copies

CIP - Каталогизација во публикација Национална и универзитетска библиотека „Св. Климент Охридски“, Скопје

903/904(497.715)”638/652”

АМФАКСИТИДА = Amphaxitis. - Скопје : Студентско археолошко здружение Аксиос : Student Archaeological Association Axios, 2007. - 23 стр. : илустр. ; 26 cm

Текст напоредно на мак. и англ. јазик

ISBN 978-9989-57-488-7 1.Насп. ств. насл. а) Гевгелиско-Валандовски регион - Археолошки наоди, предисториски б) Гевгелиско-Валандовски регион - Археолошки наоди, антички COBISS.MK- ID 68181258