DOCSLIB.ORG

Velar Palatalization: Catalan, Spanish and Bilingualism

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Velar Palatalization: Catalan, Spanish and Bilingualism Velar Palatalization: Catalan, Spanish and Bilingualism Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Ramírez Martínez, Marta Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 01/10/2021 16:46:12 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624564 VELAR PALATALIZATION: CATALAN, SPANISH AND BILINGUALISM by Marta Ramírez Martínez __________________________ Copyright © Marta Ramírez Martínez 2017 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF SPANISH AND PORTUGUESE In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY WITH A MAJOR IN SPANISH In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2017 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Marta Ramírez Martínez entitled Velar Palatalization: Catalan, Spanish and Bilingualism and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. _______________________________________ _______________________ Miguel Simonet Date: 6 December 2016 _______________________________________ _______________________ Ana M. Carvalho Date: 6 December 2016 _______________________________________ _______________________ Sonia Colina Date: 6 December 2016 _______________________________________ _______________________ Andrew Wedel Date: 6 December 2016 Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final copies of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. _______________________________________ _______________________ Dissertation Director: Miguel Simonet Date: 6 December 2016 3 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgement of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the copyright holder. SIGNED: Marta Ramírez Martínez 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Primer de tot, gràcies als meus participants, que van haver de sofrir la interminable lectura de frases en calorosos mesos d’estiu. Sense la seva generositat no hi hauria tesi doctoral. També els hi he d’agraïr infinitament a totes aquelles persones que de manera desinteressada em van facilitar el procès a Palma, a Artà i a Manacor. Gràcies, gràcies, gràcies. Gràcies infinites al meu professor, director de tesi i mentor, el professor Miquel Simonet, per totes les hores que m’ha dedicat (i paciència que m’ha tingut) durant els darrers 7 anys. Aquest projecte mai no hauria estat així sense la seva meticulositat a l’hora d’escriure i de fer recerca. Gràcies, Miquel. I would also like to thank my other committee members, Professor Sonia Colina, Professor Andy Wedel and Professor Ana Carvalho, for the suggestions and comments you provided to make this work a better version of it. Especialmente, gracias, Ana, por tu ayuda y apoyo durante estos años, así como por las oportunidades que me has brindado en diferentes proyectos y en el departamento. Gracias también a mis compañeros desde el principio del viaje, Ryan, Kern, Casillas (y su conocimiento de estadística), Laura y Tasha, y a mis compañeras más recientes, Andrea y Miriam, por hacer el largo camino que es grad school mucho más llevadero con vuestro apoyo y amistad. Gracias a Ericka, Kariana, Karyme y Carlitos por darme una familia tan lejos de la mía. Gracias también a mis amigas de siempre, por seguir aguantándome a través de los años y de la distancia: Tam, Ori, Marga, Amelia, Isa, Vicky, Noemi, Carol, Elena, Rebe, Rocío, Mar y Kryss. Finalment, gràcies especials als Bombers de Palma, a l’Escola Municipal de Mallorquí, al Bar Ca’n Lliro, a l’Institució Pública M. Alcover, a l’Ajuntament de Manacor i a la Farmàcia Llull. 5 DEDICATION Per sa meva illeta estimada, Sa Roqueta, i pes meus illencs preferits, es meus pares. 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………….……………..10 LIST OF TABLES ………………………………………………………………………11 ABSTRACT .…………………………………………………………………………….14 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .……………………………………………….……...15 CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW .……………………………………..………...20 2.1. Majorca: Linguistic, historical and sociopolitical context ………………….20 2.2. Velar palatalization as a diachronic process………………………………...24 2.3. Velar palatalization in the history the Romance languages………………....31 2.4. The case of Majorcan Catalan ……………………………………………....38 2.5. Phonologization ……………………………………………….……………43 2.6. Consequences of consecutive bilingualism ………………………………...54 2.7. The present dissertation ………….………….………….………….……….60 CHAPTER 3. METHOD………….………….………….………….………….……..…63 3.1. Participants………….………….………….………….………….……….…63 3.2. Materials………….………….………….………….………….……………67 3.2.1. Catalan materials………….………….………….………….…….67 3.2.2. Spanish materials………….………….………….………….…….70 3.3. Procedure………….………….………….………….………….…………...73 3.4. Acoustic analysis………….………….………….………….………….…...74 3.5. Statistical analysis………….………….………….………….………….…..80 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS – Continued CHAPTER 4. CATALAN………….…………………………………….……………...83 4.1. Introduction………….……………….……………….…….………….……83 4.2. Results.………….……………….……………….……………….…………85 4.2.1. Analysis of /k/ in Catalan………….……………………...…….…85 4.2.1.1. Center of Gravity………….……………….……………86 4.2.1.2. Relative Intensity………….……………….…………….88 4.2.1.3. Variance………….……………….……………….…….91 4.2.1.4. Summary of results for /k/ in Catalan…………………...93 4.2.2. Analysis of /a/ in Catalan.………….………….……………….….95 4.2.2.1. F1 measure………….……………….……………….….96 4.2.2.2. F2 measure………….……………….……………….….98 4.2.2.3. Summary of results for /a/ in Catalan………….......…..100 4.3. Summary of Catalan findings…………….………………….…………….101 CHAPTER 5. SPANISH…………….……………………………………….…………107 5.1. Introduction…………….………………….………………….……………107 5.2. Results…………….………………….………………….…………………110 5.2.1. Analysis of /k/ in Spanish………………………...……………...110 5.2.1.1 Center of Gravity…………….………………….……...111 5.2.1.2. Relative Intensity…………….………………….……...113 5.2.1.3. Variance…………….………………….………………115 5.2.1.4. Summary of results for /k/ in Spanish………………..…..117 8 TABLE OF CONTENTS – Continued 5.2.2. Comparing Catalan and Spanish /k/……………………………...120 5.2.2.1. Manacor…………………….………………………….121 5.2.2.1.1. Center of Gravity…………….………………122 5.2.2.1.2. Relative Intensity…………….……………….124 5.2.2.1.3. Variance…………….………………….…….126 5.2.2.1.4. Summary: Manacor Catalan and Spanish /k/..129 5.2.2.2. Artà ….……………………………….………………..130 5.2.2.2.1. Center of Gravity…………….………………131 5.2.2.2.2. Relative Intensity…………….………………133 5.2.2.2.3. Variance…………….………………….…….135 5.2.2.2.4. Summary: Artà Catalan and Spanish /k/…….137 5.3. Summary of Spanish findings…………….………………….…………….139 CHAPTER 6. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION…………….…………………….142 6.1. Summary of aims and experiment …………….………………….……….142 6.2. Summary of results…………….………………….……………………….144 6.2.1. Catalan data…………….………………….……………………..144 6.2.2. Spanish data (and Catalan-Spanish comparison) ………………..145 6.3. Discussion…………….………………….……………………….………..146 6.3.1. Velar palatalization in different Majorcan Catalan areas………..146 6.3.2. Velar palatalization: Coarticulation or phonologization? ……….149 9 TABLE OF CONTENTS – Continued 6.3.3. Two phonological changes: Can we establish the order of the influence?.....................................................................................152 6.3.4. Non-dominant speech of Catalan-Spanish bilinguals: Evidence of phonetic transfer? …………………………..……..……………156 6.4. Future directions…………………………………………………………...164 6.5. Concluding remarks………………………………………………………..167 APPENDIX 1…………….………………….………………….………………………171 APPENDIX 2…………….………………….………………….………………………173 APPENDIX 3…………….………………….………………….………………………174 APPENDIX 4…………….………………….………………….………………………176 APPENDIX 5…………….………………….………………….………………………178 APPENDIX 6…………….………………….………………….………………………180 APPENDIX 7…………….………………….………………….………………………181 APPENDIX 8…………….………………….………………….………………………182 REFERENCES…………….………………….………………….…………………….183 10 LIST OF FIGURES 1. Center of Gravity for group and vowel context for Catalan ………………………87 2. Relative Intensity for group and vowel context for Catalan ………………….…...90 3. Variance for group and vowel context for Catalan ………………………………..92 4. Normalized F1 and F2 values for /a/ ………………………………………………96 5. Center of Gravity for group and vowel context for Spanish ……………………..112 6. Relative Intensity for group and vowel context for Spanish ……………………..114 7. Variance values for group and vowel context for Spanish ………………………116 8. Center of Gravity for language and vowel context for Manacor ………………...123 9. Relative Intensity for language and vowel context for Manacor ………………...126 10. Variance for language and vowel context for Manacor …………………………128 11. Center of Gravity for language and vowel context for Artà ……………………..132 12. Relative Intensity for language and vowel context for Artà
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Repercussions of the History of a Typological Change in Germanic
    Repercussions of the history of a typological change in Germanic. Roland Noske Université Lille 3 / CNRS UMR 8163 [email protected] Abstract. In acoustic experimental phonetic investigations, the distinction made by Pike (1945) and Abercrombie (1967) between syllable-timed and stress timed has been refuted on several occasions. (e.g. by Wenk and Wioland 1982). However, perceptual research (Dauer 1983, 1987) has given rise to re-instalment of this typology by Auer (1993, 2001). Auer proposes a gradual, multi-factorial typology between syllable counting languages (also called simply syllable languages) and stress counting languages (or word languages). In this typology, several indicators are used for positioning a language on the continuous scale between the syllable language prototype and the word language prototype. These indicators include, among others, complexity of syllable structure, the occurrence of geminate clusters, tonality, tonal phenomena, the occurrence of vowel harmony or metaphony, epenthesis, vowel deletion, liaison, the occurrence of internal and external sandhi, as well as morphological reanalyses. In this paper, this typology will be used to show that in the course of time, most West- Germanic dialects have moved gradually from the syllable type to the word type. Evidence for this comes from research done on Old High German and Midlle High German texts, as well as from German dialectology. It will be shown that the contrast between Northern an Southern Dutch with respect to liaison across word boundaries and the vowel deletion promoting regular syllable structure (both indicators for syllable language-hood), is not the result of a French influence (as assumed by Noske (2005, 2006, 2007).
    [Show full text]
  • The Phonetics-Phonology Interface in Romance Languages José Ignacio Hualde, Ioana Chitoran
    Surface sound and underlying structure : The phonetics-phonology interface in Romance languages José Ignacio Hualde, Ioana Chitoran To cite this version: José Ignacio Hualde, Ioana Chitoran. Surface sound and underlying structure : The phonetics- phonology interface in Romance languages. S. Fischer and C. Gabriel. Manual of grammatical interfaces in Romance, 10, Mouton de Gruyter, pp.23-40, 2016, Manuals of Romance Linguistics, 978-3-11-031186-0. hal-01226122 HAL Id: hal-01226122 https://hal-univ-paris.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01226122 Submitted on 24 Dec 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Manual of Grammatical Interfaces in Romance MRL 10 Brought to you by | Université de Paris Mathematiques-Recherche Authenticated | [email protected] Download Date | 11/1/16 3:56 PM Manuals of Romance Linguistics Manuels de linguistique romane Manuali di linguistica romanza Manuales de lingüística románica Edited by Günter Holtus and Fernando Sánchez Miret Volume 10 Brought to you by | Université de Paris Mathematiques-Recherche Authenticated | [email protected] Download Date | 11/1/16 3:56 PM Manual of Grammatical Interfaces in Romance Edited by Susann Fischer and Christoph Gabriel Brought to you by | Université de Paris Mathematiques-Recherche Authenticated | [email protected] Download Date | 11/1/16 3:56 PM ISBN 978-3-11-031178-5 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-031186-0 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-039483-2 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecoturismo Ecotourism Ökotourismus
    LOS ESPACIOS NATURALES OBSERVACIÓN DE MARIPOSAS DE LAS ISLAS BALEARES: BUTTERFLY WATCHING ÖKOTOURISMUS Conservación y protección de SCHMETTERLINGBEOBACHTUNG ECOTOURISM hábitats y especies La observación de mariposas, tanto diurnas como nocturnas, es otra actividad recomendada para llevar a cabo en las islas. Observar mariposas puede resultar una actividad muy apropiada para realizar en familia. La primavera es probablemente la ECOTURISMO THE NATURAL LANDSCAPES mejor época del año para descubrir, aprender y disfrutar del fascinante mundo de OF THE BALEARIC ISLANDS: las mariposas. Preservation and protection of The observation of butterflies, both during the day and the night, is another highly recommended activity on the Balearic Islands. It can be a very exciting family habitats and species activity. Spring is probably the best season for discovering the wonderful world of Las Islas Baleares se encuentran en el butterflies and learning about them. Mediterráneo occidental, frente a la costa DIE NATURLANDSCHAFTEN Illa de Cabrera Ferreret (Alytes muletensis) oriental de la península ibérica. Las principales Die Beobachtung von Schmetterlingen, sowohl am Tag als auch während der islas que conforman el archipiélago - Mallorca, DER BALEAREN: Erhaltung und Nacht, ist eine andere sehr empfehlenswerte Betätigung auf den Balearen. Es kann Menorca, Ibiza y Formentera - poseen, cada una Descubre los maravillosos espacios naturales de las islas y disfruta de la eine sehr spannende Familienbetätigung sein. Der Frühling ist wahrscheinlich die de ellas, una identidad y carácter propio. Sus riqueza que atesoran. La biodiversidad en las islas es muy elevada y presenta FAUNA Schutz der Lebensräume und Coure Comú (Lycaena phlaeas) beste Jahreszeit, um Schmetterlinge zu entdecken und die wunderbare Welt der valores naturales y culturales las han hecho un importante número de endemismos, especies únicas que solamente podrás Schmetterlinge kennenzulernen und zu geniessen.
    [Show full text]
  • Jurij Kusmenko Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin 1
    SCANDINAVIAN UMLAUT, SÁMI METAPHONY AND SWEDISH- NORWEGIAN LEVELLING (JAMNING): A WANDERING SCANDINAVIAN-SÁMI FEATURE Jurij Kusmenko Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 1. Introduction The Scandinavian tradition distinguishes two kinds of distant regressive vowel assimilation. The earlier of the two, dating back to Common Nordic, and corresponding to similar changes in the West Germanic languages, is called umlaut. The second one is found only in the north-eastern Swedish and eastern Norwegian dialects and dates from the sixteenth century. It is commonly referred to, in Swedish, as tilljämning, Bokmål tiljevning, Nynorsk jamning, “levelling”. Finno-Ugric languages usually have vowel harmony, yet the Sámi languages have instead a rule which corresponds to the Germanic umlaut and Swedish-Norwegian levelling. The traditional term for this phenome- non is metaphony. The similarities between Scandinavian umlaut and Sámi metaphony (Hesselman 1945, 7; Korhonen 1967, 21), as well as those between Sámi metaphony and Swedish-Norwegian levelling (Bergsland 1992, 8-9), have been noted earlier. However, these have been regarded as no more than typological parallels. Kylstra, who does not mention the Swedish-Norwegian levelling, considers two possible explanations for the similarity between Sámi metaphony and Germanic umlaut. He wavers between a parallel develop- ment and the influence of an unidentified substrate (Kylstra 1983, 161- 171), admitting, however, that the assumption of the latter is too hypotheti- cal and “nicht wissenschaftlich” (ibid., 161). Yet Kylstra does not mention a third possibility, arguably the most obvious one: Sámi-Scandinavian language contact. But in order to specify the kind and direction of the po- tential borrowing, we have to take into consideration a number of criteria, apart from geographical neighbourhood, namely: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • From Dilation to Coarticulation: Is There Vowel Harmony in French? Zsuzsanna Fagyal, Noël Nguyen, Philippe Boula De Mareüil
    From dilation to coarticulation: is there vowel harmony in French? Zsuzsanna Fagyal, Noël Nguyen, Philippe Boula de Mareüil To cite this version: Zsuzsanna Fagyal, Noël Nguyen, Philippe Boula de Mareüil. From dilation to coarticulation: is there vowel harmony in French?. Studies in the linguistic sciences, Urbana, Ill. : Department of Linguistics, University of Illinois, 2003, 32 (2), pp.1-21. hal-00308395 HAL Id: hal-00308395 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00308395 Submitted on 30 Jul 2008 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Studies in the Linguistic Sciences Volume 32, Number 2 (Spring 2002) FROM DILATION TO COARTICULATION: IS THERE VOWEL HARMONY IN FRENCH ? Zsuzsanna Fagyal*, Noël Nguyen#, and Philippe Boula de Mareüil± *University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign # Laboratoire Parole et Langage, CNRS & Université de Provence, Aix-en- Provence, France ± LIMSI, CNRS, Orsay [email protected] This paper presents the preliminary results of an acoustic study, and a review of previous work on vowel harmony in French. It shows that harmony, initially regarded as regular sound change, is considered an optional constraint on the distribution of mid vowels. Acoustic evidence of anticipatory assimilation of pretonic mid vowels to tonic high and low vowels is shown in three speakers' readings of disyllabic words in two dialects.
    [Show full text]
  • Opaque Interactions Between Vowel Merger and Metaphony Francesc Torres-Tamarit, Kathrin Linke
    Opaque interactions between vowel merger and metaphony Francesc Torres-Tamarit, Kathrin Linke To cite this version: Francesc Torres-Tamarit, Kathrin Linke. Opaque interactions between vowel merger and metaphony. Approaches to metaphony in the languages of Italy, 2016. hal-01678363 HAL Id: hal-01678363 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01678363 Submitted on 9 Jan 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Opaque interactions between vowel merger and metaphony Francesc Torres-Tamarit and Kathrin Linke Abstract Metaphony is a common process in most Italo-Romance varieties, whereby an unstressed high vowel inflec- tional suffix causes raising of a stressed root vowel. In some varieties, metaphony interacts with a process in which phonetic contrast among a set of suffixes neutralizes (i.e. vowel merger). This paper develops a parallel analysis of two opaque interactions between vowel merger and metaphony in Turbidity Theory, a model assuming containment, combined with privative features and maximal economy in the representa- tion of segments. The basic idea is that metaphony in opaque environments is computed synchronically as a non-local licensing condition of a feature [high] only if it is underlyingly present.
    [Show full text]
  • Palatals in Spanish and French: an Analysis Rachael Gray
    Florida State University Libraries Honors Theses The Division of Undergraduate Studies 2012 Palatals in Spanish and French: An Analysis Rachael Gray Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] Abstract (Palatal, Spanish, French) This thesis deals with palatals from Latin into Spanish and French. Specifically, it focuses on the diachronic history of each language with a focus on palatals. I also look at studies that have been conducted concerning palatals, and present a synchronic analysis of palatals in modern day Spanish and French. The final section of this paper focuses on my research design in second language acquisition of palatals for native French speakers learning Spanish. 2 THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES PALATALS IN SPANISH AND FRENCH: AN ANALYSIS BY: RACHAEL GRAY A Thesis submitted to the Department of Modern Languages in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with Honors in the Major Degree Awarded: 3 Spring, 2012 The members of the Defense Committee approve the thesis of Rachael Gray defended on March 21, 2012 _____________________________________ Professor Carolina Gonzaléz Thesis Director _______________________________________ Professor Gretchen Sunderman Committee Member _______________________________________ Professor Eric Coleman Outside Committee Member 4 Contents Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................................... 5 0.
    [Show full text]
  • Spanish and Catalan in Majorca: Are There Contact- Induced Changes in the Catalan Vowel System?
    Spanish and Catalan in Majorca: Are There Contact- Induced Changes in the Catalan Vowel System? Mark Amengual University of Texas at Austin 1. Introduction* The vowel systems of Catalan and Spanish are considerably different. Spanish has a simple five- vowel symmetrical system, which is the most common number of vowel phonemes cross-linguistically (Hualde, 2005). As shown in Table 1, the vowels contrast along two dimensions: along the height dimension, there are two high vowels (/i/ and /u/), two mid vowels (/e/ and /o/), and one low vowel (/a/); and along the frontness/backness dimension, there are two front vowels (/i/ and /e/), one central vowel (/a/), and two back vowels (/u/ and /o/). In contrast, Catalan has a seven-vowel symmetrical system with an additional contrast in height, distinguishing higher-mid vowels /e/ and /o/ from lower- mid vowels /ܭ/ and /ܧ/ in stressed syllables, as shown in Table 2. Moreover, the variety of Catalan spoken in Majorca has the additional vowel phoneme /ԥ/, which may appear both in stressed and unstressed position (Recasens, 1991). Table 1. The vowel inventory of Spanish Front Central Back High i u Mid e o Low a Nonround Round Table 2. The vowel inventory of Catalan (NB: /ԥ/ is phonemic in Majorcan Catalan) Front Central Back High i u Higher-mid e (ԥ) o Lower-mid ܭܧ Low a Nonround Round In terms of the acoustic properties of vowels, the first two formants (F1 and F2) provide information that can be used to uniquely identify the vowels in Spanish versus Catalan (Hualde, 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • Directionality and Locality in Vowel Harmony
    DIRECTIONALITY AND LOCALITY IN VOWEL HARMONY With special reference to vowel harmony in Assamese Published by LOT phone: +31 30 253 6006 Janskerkhof 13 fax: +31 30 253 6406 3512 BL Utrecht e-mail: [email protected] The Netherlands http://www.lotschool.nl Cover illustration: “Tunnel harmony” by Berit Gehrke (photograph) and Shakuntala Mahanta (manipulation) ISBN 978-90-78328-47-6 NUR 616 Copyright © 2007: Shakuntala Mahanta. All rights reserved. DIRECTIONALITY AND LOCALITY IN VOWEL HARMONY With Special Reference to Vowel Harmony in Assamese Directionaliteit en Lokaliteit in Vocaalharmonie Met speciale aandacht voor vocaalharmonie in het Assamees (met een samenvatting in het Nederlands) P r o e f s c h r i f t ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Utrecht op gezag van de rector magnificus, prof.dr. W.H. Gispen, ingevolge het besluit van het College voor Promoties in het openbaar te verdedigen op vrijdag 15 juni 2007 des ochtends te 10.30 uur door S h a k u n t a l a M a h a n t a geboren op 4 Juli, 1975, te Jorhat, Assam, India Promotor: Prof. dr. W. Zonneveld N.B. Please note that this publication is a slightly revised version of the PhD dissertation defended on 15 June, 2007 at Utrecht University. CONTENTS Acknowledgements.......................................................................................................... i Chapter 1..........................................................................................................................1 General Introduction.......................................................................................................1
    [Show full text]
  • Manacor - Artá Greenway
    MANACOR - ARTÁ GREENWAY TECHNICAL DATA CONDITIONED GREENWAY A tour of the interior and the coast of East Mallorca, following the old railway Inca-Arta LOCATION Between the towns of Manacor and Arta, located in the east of the island of Mallorca Illes Balears BALEARIC ISLANDS Municipalities: Manacor, Sant Llorenç des Cardassar, Son Servera and Arta Length: 29 Km Users: Accessibility level: no information Type of surface: Compacted gravel Natural landscape: Along the greenway there alternate cereal crops, orchards and plantations of carob, orange, olive, fig (carabassets) or almond, with Mediterranean forest of wild olive, Aleppo pine, mastic and rosemary; the characteristic landscape of Serres de Llevant. Along the way it has done important work of reforestation. On its margins there have planted 4,800 trees (pines, oaks, wild olives, tamarind, banana and mulberry) and more than 15,000 shrubs. The route passes close to the beaches of San Llorenç des Cardassar (S'Illot, Sa Coma and Cala Millor) and Son Servera (Cala Millor, Cala Bona and Costa de los Pinos), the nature reserve of Punta n'Amer, the Serra de Sant Jordi and the natural park Llevant Peninsula. Other natural areas of interest: Manacor: Mas des S'Estany beaches, Cala Anguila, creek Mendía, lime de Mallorca, S'Illot, Porto Cristo and Cala Murada. Arta: Nature Reserves Ferrutx Cap and Cape des Freu and Llevant Marine Reserve Cultural heritage: Manacor: Historic Area (known as Ses Dames) that emphasize the church of Mare de Deu dels Dolors, the tower of Palau, the convent of Sant Visenç Ferrer and the tower of Ses Puntes.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Berkeley Phonlab Annual Report
    UC Berkeley UC Berkeley PhonLab Annual Report Title Turbulence & Phonology Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4kp306rx Journal UC Berkeley PhonLab Annual Report, 4(4) ISSN 2768-5047 Authors Ohala, John J Solé, Maria-Josep Publication Date 2008 DOI 10.5070/P74kp306rx eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UC Berkeley Phonology Lab Annual Report (2008) Turbulence & Phonology John J. Ohala* & Maria-Josep Solé # *Department of Linguistics, University of California, Berkeley [email protected] #Department of English, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain [email protected] In this paper we aim to provide an account of some of the phonological patterns involving turbulent sounds, summarizing material we have published previously and results from other investigators. In addition, we explore the ways in which sounds pattern, combine, and evolve in language and how these patterns can be derived from a few physical and perceptual principles which are independent from language itself (Lindblom 1984, 1990a) and which can be empirically verified (Ohala and Jaeger 1986). This approach should be contrasted with that of mainstream phonological theory (i.e., phonological theory within generative linguistics) which primarily considers sound structure as motivated by ‘formal’ principles or constraints that are specific to language, rather than relevant to other physical or cognitive domains. For this reason, the title of this paper is meant to be ambiguous. The primary sense of it refers to sound patterns in languages involving sounds with turbulence, e.g., fricatives and stops bursts, but a secondary meaning is the metaphorical turbulence in the practice of phonology over the past several decades.
    [Show full text]
  • Accounting for Relic Variant Maintenance in Insular Catalan Dialects: Implications for Linguistic Drift Theory
    Davidson, J. (2010). Accounting for relic variant maintenance in Insular Catalan dialects: Implications for linguistic drift theory. In R. Baglini, T. Grinsell, J. Keane, A. R. Singerman, & J. Thomas (Eds.), Proceedings from the 46th Annual Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society (pp. 121-135). Chicago, IL: Chicago Linguistics Society. <http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cls/pcls/2010/00000046/00000001/art0 0009> Accounting for relic variant maintenance in Insular Catalan dialects: Implications for linguistic drift theory Justin Davidson University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1 Introduction The notion of linguistic drift, first proposed by Sapir (1921), focuses on inherited or natural tendencies of distinct linguistic varieties. We explore linguistic drift by analyzing two Insular Catalan varieties (Algherese and Balearic Catalan) that can be considered child language varieties of a Peninsular Catalan dialect (Central Catalan). Though we report Insular Catalan evidence for Drift 1 and Drift 2 (cf. Trudgill, Gordon, Lewis, and MacLagan 2000), our discussion focuses on the existence of vitalic Insular phonological and morphological variants that are vestigial and/or archaic (cf. Trudgill 1999) in Central Catalan and therefore are not able to be accounted for by either type of linguistic drift. These are Insular variants that, since the formation of Insular Catalan varieties, have not undergone change and have seemingly resisted further linguistic evolution, in stark contrast with their continued evolutions in Central Catalan. We
    [Show full text]