S-0443-0087-0005-00002 UC.Tif

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

S-0443-0087-0005-00002 UC.Tif REPUBLICA POPULARA ROMINA RUMANIAN PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC MISIUNEA PERMANENTA PE LINGA NATIUNILE UNITE PERMANENT MISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS 6 0 EAST 93 Ro STREET, NEW Y ORK 28 , N. Y. , f r ( I- -~ ' '- ,, Q 8 December 7, 1961. No. 5193. R 1ST .Y SECTION Mr. President, ~ 21 DEC 1961 On behalf of the Romanian Delegation, I would like to express our position with regard to the letter of the Permanent Representative of the United States and the attached statement of his Delegation, dated 25 November 1961 and distributed as General Assembly document A/ 4985. From the content of that statement it becomes obvious that the General Assembly is faced once again with an alre ady expose d mani:~.v\~ing used by the United States whenever the question of abolishing colonia ism is brought before the United Nations. As soon as the anti-colonial forces in the United Nations strive to focus the attention of the Assembly on the evils and dangers inherent in the colonial system with a view of geHing a decision on its immediate liquidation, the United States Delegation resorts to worn-out anti-Soviet and anti-Communist slanders with the manifest purpose of diverting the attention of the Assembly from the real issue - colonialism . .... l, .. 0 ++{<~"-' l i~ The United States Del'rfation tried tJ:-2-Hl~¢u~ ' at the 'Hlt h session and failed. It tried that manl u~ at this ~ession and again failed. ft- ' The overwhelming majority of Memberf States has recognized the\,,,;:,..,,-' actual motives of the1.,, /6:_American,;;i delegation and has flatly refused to c 9,operate with her. It "W:eTe' only the die-hard colonialists who spoke in that vein, thus confirming its real nature. Only by fo:i;:,ging the unity of the anti-colonial States in the ' - , ::\ General Assembly, i /was 1possible to adopt quasi-unanimously the historic Declaration on the granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples. And only by maintaining that unity against the dividing tactics used by the st; {;-s :tt:;5::, delegation, l ~J/ ~ ;~\ possible to adopt quasi-unanimously the recent iresolution on the implementation of that Declaration. It was the strength gathered around the _Ke solution by the common struggle of the anti-colonial States that made the ~ 1 dI~ gation reluctantly to vote for it. v.,,te a S .s / . I. H. E . Mr. Mongi Slim President of the Unite d Nations General Assembly .,, , . ... - 2 - uv- ~J s Le...lzs Thus, what actually disturbs the ~ delegation is the fact that whereas the socialist .fuates take always a firm, determined and consistent stand against colonialism in general as well as against colonialist actions in Algeria, Angola, Oman, Bizerte, South West Africa, Katanga, etc., the United States is vacilating between its commitments as the ally of the old colonial Powers, its efforts to pose as an anti-colonial Power and last._ but not leas½its struggle to maintain colonial possessions of its ~ own. That is indeed a difficult and painstaking job. Small wonder that the S c. • ~ • li:lelegation is getting uneasy and irate when the issue of colonialism require- her again to pe-r-fo-:rm. ct ,J-, - As to the assertions contained in the American statement, suffice it to say that they are old worn-out anti-Soviet and anti-Communist slanders. Therefore, it is senseless to refute these assertions one by one. History has already dealt quite successfully with such anti-Communist propaganda. It is only bankrupt politicians that still resort to such attacks and we feel no temptation to enter into polemics with them. I should be most grateful to you, Sir, for arranging this letter to be distributed as soon as possible as a United Nations document. \ ~dua zincescu ,.__;;_-- ~S Chairman of the Romanian Delegation UNITED NATIONS Distr. GENERAL GENERAL A/4985 ASSEMBLY 25 November 1961 ORIGINAL : ENGLISH Sixteenth session Agenda item 88 THE SITUATI ON WITH REGARD TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DECLARATION ON THE GRANTING OF INDEPENDENCE TO COLONIAL COUNTRIES AND PEOPLES Letter dated 25 Novembe r 1961 from the Permanent Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations addressed to the President of the General Assembly I have the honour to request that the attached comments be circulated as an official document under agenda item 88, entitled "The ---situation with regard to the implementation of the Dec laration on the granting of independence to colonial 11 countries and peoples , which is being discussed at the present session of the General Assembly. (Signed) Adlai E. STEVENSON Permanent Representative of the United States of •.:.merica to the United Nations 61-28517 I ... A/4985 f English Page 2 CO:MMENTS BY THE UNITED STATES D:SLEG.ATION ON TBE SOVIET MEMORANDUM CIRCULATED AS TICCUMENT A/4889 The United States delegation regrets that the Soviet Union has been unable ,:t;o resist utilizing the United Nations forum to attack a number of :tv:ember States :in the most outragt;:,ous and misleading terms. Under the circumstances, however, the Un'ited States now has ;no choice but to reply, even though we had hoped to be able to continue to keep the cold war out of the 11 colonialismn debates during the current session. / }i 1· (, ·1 ~: Role of the United Nations The United Nations was created to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and -worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small. Anything which derogates from the inherent rights of mankind and of nations is a proper - and even essential - subj~ct for study and discussion by the General Assembly. The relationship between peoples and nations which we liave come to call colonialism or by its variants - neo­ colonialism or imperialism,., can constitute a denial of the rights of the individual, and of the principle of self-determination and as such has frequently 'r, ~ een the su,bject of our deliberations. Sine$ the formation of our Organization, the world community has devoted ;rnuch of its time, talent and energy to the search for a solution to the more pressing colonial problems in the world. The Fourth Committee of the General Assembly, the Trusteeship Council and the Committee on Information £rom Non-Self­ Governing Territories have debated and made useful recommendations on &multitude of specific and gen{;ral colonial problems. Other problems have arisen ahd have been discussed by other Comrni ttees and United Nations organs. Only a hostile propagandist could maintain that the United Nations has not done useful work in this field. Through careful, detailed study and qound recommendations on specific issues, the General Assembly and. other United N'a.tions organs have facilitated the movement of one people after another to full and untrammelled indepe1;1dence. t ,'M_·,, ';lie have seen the evidence of this development in the most concrete and ,r:__.,l'a meaningful termsj in the form of our membershi:p·, which has ;now more than doubled in the short lifetime of our Organization. • A/4985 <t. "' t ~' English Page 3 II', ,.. f\ v • This •bop1ful evolution• should not be cited to disguise the fact that much remains to bef done in the colonial and related human rights fields. There are some cases where repeated admonitions by ~he General _:,ssembly have proved ~ unavailing. A number Of items in this general area have remained on our agenda from year to year to serve as a. concret~ indi cation of our failure to find solutions. But we should not despair of our ability to find the answers to those ~ problems. There are many difficult items on the agenda of the sixteenth session of the General Assembly; others will 1e inscribed in years to come. With patience, goodwill and skill we will be able to solve them all in gocd time. United States ~osition on colonialism The United States is against colonialism - wherever and whenever it occurs. As a nation, we believe that man - a physical, intellectual and spiritual being, not an economic animal - bas individual rights, divinely bestowed, limited only by the obligation to avoid infringement upon the equal rights of others. We do not claim perfection in our own society and in our own lives, only that we seek it honestly and that the direction we take is always that of greater liberty. vle believe that justice, decency and lioerty, in an orderly society, are concepts which have raised man above the beastq of the field; to deny any person the opportunity to live under their shelter is a crime against all humanity. Cur Republic is the produce of the first successful revolution against ( colonialism in modern times. Our people, drawn from all the nations of the world, have come to these shores in the search for freedom and opportunity in a progressive society. We have never forgotten either our origins or the nature of the world we live in. As President Kennedy said in bis inaugural address: "We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch bas been passed to a new generation of Americans - born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage - and unwilling to witness or permit the I ... I A/4985 \ English Page 4 slow undoing of those human right~ to which this Nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at heme and around the world. "Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and success of liberty ••• " Soviet allegations against the United States In its frenetic effort ·to cover up its own dismal record in the field of colonialism and human rights, the Soviet Union has levelled two principal charges against the United States: (1) the United States is allied with colonialists and finances colonialist wars; and (2) the United States is itself a colonial Power.
Recommended publications
  • 11172 May 26
    11172 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE May 26 Mr. JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Presi- opment of a subject or aspect of a subject, cational, scientific or cultural character pro- dent, I ask that the President be imme- or when their content is such as to main- duced by international organizations rec- diately notified of the nominations this tain, increase or diffuse knowledge, and aug- ognized by the United Nations or by any ment international understanding and of the specialized agencies. day confirmed. goodwill; and 4. On the filing of any such certificate, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without (b) When the materials are representative, there will be a decision by the appropriate objection, the President will be notified authentic, and accurate; and governmental agency of the contracting forthwith. (c) When the technical quality is such State into which entry Is sought as to that it does not interfere with the use made whether the material is entitled to the priv- of the material. ilege provided by article III, paragraph 1, of THE AGREEMENT FOR FACILITAT- ARTICLE II the present Agreement. This decision shall ING THE INTERNATIONAL CIRCU- be made after consideration of the material The provisions of the preceding article and through the application of the stand- LATION OF VISUAL AND AUDITORY shall apply to visual and auditory materials MATERIALS OF AN EDUCATION- ards provided in article I. If, as a result of of the following types and forms: that consideration, such agency of the con- AL, SCIENTIFIC, AND CULTURAL (a) Films, filmstrips and microfilm in
    [Show full text]
  • Presidents of the United Nations General Assembly
    Presidents of the United Nations General Assembly Sixty -ninth 2014 Mr. Sam Kahamba Kutesa (Pres i- Uganda dent-elect) Sixty -eighth 2013 Mr. John W. Ashe Antigua and Barbuda Sixty -seventh 2012 Mr. Vuk Jeremić Serbia Sixty -sixth 2011 Mr. Nassir Abdulaziz Al -Nasser Qatar Sixty -fifth 2010 Mr. Joseph Deiss Switzerland Sixty -fourth 2009 Dr. Ali Abdussalam Treki Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Tenth emergency special (resumed) 2009 Father Miguel d’Escoto Brockmann Nicaragua Sixty -third 2008 Father Miguel d’Escoto Brockmann Nicaragua Sixty -second 2007 Dr. Srgjan Kerim The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Tenth emergency special (resumed twice) 2006 Sheikha Haya Rashed Al Khalifa Bahrain Sixty -first 2006 Sheikha Haya Rashed Al Khalifa Bahrain Sixtieth 2005 Mr. Jan Eliasson Sweden Twenty -eighth special 2005 Mr. Jean Ping Gabon Fifty -ninth 2004 Mr. Jean Ping Gabon Tenth emergency special (resumed) 2004 Mr. Julian Robert Hunte Saint Lucia (resumed twice) 2003 Mr. Julian Robert Hunte Saint Lucia Fifty -eighth 2003 Mr. Julian Robert Hunte Saint Lucia Fifty -seventh 2002 Mr. Jan Kavan Czech Republic Twenty -seventh special 2002 Mr. Han Seung -soo Republic of Korea Tenth emergency special (resumed twice) 2002 Mr. Han Seung -soo Republic of Korea (resumed) 2001 Mr. Han Seung -soo Republic of Korea Fifty -sixth 2001 Mr. Han Seung -soo Republic of Korea Twenty -sixth special 2001 Mr. Harri Holkeri Finland Twenty -fifth special 2001 Mr. Harri Holkeri Finland Tenth emergency special (resumed) 2000 Mr. Harri Holkeri Finland Fifty -fifth 2000 Mr. Harri Holkeri Finland Twenty -fourth special 2000 Mr. Theo -Ben Gurirab Namibia Twenty -third special 2000 Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Presidents of the Presidents United Nations General Assembly
    Sixty-seventh session of the General Assembly To convene on United Nations 18 September 2012 List of Presidents of the Presidents United Nations General Assembly Session Year Name Country Sixty-seventh 2012 Mr. Vuk Jeremić (President-elect) Serbia Sixty-sixth 2011 Mr. Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser Qatar Sixty-fifth 2010 Mr. Joseph Deiss Switzerland Sixty-fourth 2009 Dr. Ali Abdussalam Treki Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Tenth emergency special (resumed) 2009 Father Miguel d’Escoto Brockmann Nicaragua Sixty-third 2008 Father Miguel d’Escoto Brockmann Nicaragua Sixty-second 2007 Dr. Srgjan Kerim The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Tenth emergency special (resumed twice) 2006 Sheikha Haya Rashed Al Khalifa Bahrain Sixty-first 2006 Sheikha Haya Rashed Al Khalifa Bahrain Sixtieth 2005 Mr. Jan Eliasson Sweden Twenty-eighth special 2005 Mr. Jean Ping Gabon Fifty-ninth 2004 Mr. Jean Ping Gabon Tenth emergency special (resumed) 2004 Mr. Julian Robert Hunte Saint Lucia (resumed twice) 2003 Mr. Julian Robert Hunte Saint Lucia Fifty-eighth 2003 Mr. Julian Robert Hunte Saint Lucia Fifty-seventh 2002 Mr. Jan Kavan Czech Republic Twenty-seventh special 2002 Mr. Han Seung-soo Republic of Korea Tenth emergency special (resumed twice) 2002 Mr. Han Seung-soo Republic of Korea (resumed) 2001 Mr. Han Seung-soo Republic of Korea Fifty-sixth 2001 Mr. Han Seung-soo Republic of Korea Twenty-sixth special 2001 Mr. Harri Holkeri Finland Twenty-fifth special 2001 Mr. Harri Holkeri Finland Tenth emergency special (resumed) 2000 Mr. Harri Holkeri Finland Fifty-fifth 2000 Mr. Harri Holkeri Finland Twenty-fourth special 2000 Mr. Theo-Ben Gurirab Namibia Twenty-third special 2000 Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • The United Nations at 70 Isbn: 978-92-1-101322-1
    DOUBLESPECIAL DOUBLESPECIAL asdf The magazine of the United Nations BLE ISSUE UN Chronicle ISSUEIS 7PMVNF-**t/VNCFSTt Rio+20 THE UNITED NATIONS AT 70 ISBN: 978-92-1-101322-1 COVER.indd 2-3 8/19/15 11:07 AM UNDER-SECRETARY-GENERAL FOR COMMUNICATIONS AND PUBLIC INFORMATION Cristina Gallach DIRECTOR OF PUBLICATION Maher Nasser EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Ramu Damodaran EDITOR Federigo Magherini ART AND DESIGN Lavinia Choerab EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS Lyubov Ginzburg, Jennifer Payulert, Jason Pierce SOCIAL MEDIA ASSISTANT Maria Laura Placencia The UN Chronicle is published quarterly by the Outreach Division of the United Nations Department of Public Information. Please address all editorial correspondence: By e-mail [email protected] By phone 1 212 963-6333 By fax 1 917 367-6075 By mail UN Chronicle, United Nations, Room S-920 New York, NY 10017, USA Subscriptions: Customer service in the USA: United Nations Publications Turpin Distribution Service PO Box 486 New Milford, CT 06776-0486 USA Email: [email protected] Web: ebiz.turpin-distribution.com Tel +1-860-350-0041 Fax +1-860-350-0039 Customer service in the UK: United Nations Publications Turpin Distribution Service Pegasus Drive, Stratton Business Park Biggleswade SG18 8TQ United Kingdom Email: [email protected] Web: ebiz.turpin-distribution.com Tel +1 44 (0) 1767 604951 Fax +1 44 (0) 1767 601640 Reproduction: Articles contained in this issue may be reproduced for educational purposes in line with fair use. Please send a copy of the reprint to the editorial correspondence address shown above. However, no part may be reproduced for commercial purposes without the expressed written consent of the Secretary, Publications Board, United Nations, Room S-949 New York, NY 10017, USA © 2015 United Nations.
    [Show full text]
  • Mongi Slim Interviewer: Dr
    Mongi Slim Oral History Interview—JFK #1, 5/20/1965 Administrative Information Creator: Mongi Slim Interviewer: Dr. Lorna Hahn Date of Interview: May 20, 1965 Location: Tunis, Tunisia Length: 19 pages Biographical Note Mongi Slim (1908-1969) served as Tunisian Ambassador to the United States (1956- 1961); as President of the United Nations General Assembly (1961-1962); and as the Tunisian Secretary of State for foreign affairs (1962-1964). This interview focuses on John F. Kennedy (JFK)’s support for the decolonization of Africa, the effect of the Algerian War on global politics, and the mutual respect between JFK and President Bourguiba, among other issues. Access Restrictions Open. Usage Restrictions According to the deed of gift signed December 10, 1965, copyright of these materials has been assigned to the United States Government. Users of these materials are advised to determine the copyright status of any document from which they wish to publish. Copyright The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be “used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.” If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excesses of “fair use,” that user may be liable for copyright infringement. This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgment, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of copyright law.
    [Show full text]
  • BRITAIN and ALGERIA, 1945-1965 by Geoffrey Barei Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for Degree of Doctor
    BRITAIN AND ALGERIA, 1945-1965 By Geoffrey Barei Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for degree of Doctor of Philosophy. (History) University of London School of Oriental and African Studies 2003 ProQuest Number: 10672941 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672941 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Acknowledgements Throughout various stages of this thesis, many people have made valuable criticisms and suggestions, and I am extremely grateful for their assistance. First, I would particularly like to express my extreme gratitude to Dr Michael Brett who supervised and guided this research throughout all its stages, and read the draft manuscript with great patience and made invaluable constructive comments and criticisms. Special thanks also go to lecturers and students of the History Department of the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) for the friendly help and advice they have given me throughout my years there. Of special mention, is the introductory course on research methods by Professor Richard Rathbone. Indeed, it was worth attending the sessions.
    [Show full text]
  • General Assembly of the Thoughts Go to the Families of All Who Gave Their Lives
    United Nations 1010th GENERAL PLENAiY MEET9N0 ASSEMBLY Wednesday, 20 September 1961, at 3.30 p.m. SIXTEENTH SESSION Official Records NEW YORK CONTENTS who accompanied him. The sorrow we feel perhaps Page goes even more deeply to the hearts of the Nordic Tribute to the memory of Mr. Dag Hammarskjold, countries, sinoe the Secretary-General was not only the Secretary-General of the United Nations, and man in the centre of efforts to solve international of members of the staff of the Organization. , 9 crises, but also a great son of Sweden. He devoted his life and his brilliant mind to the cause of peaoe and justice, and he proved what a dedicated mind oan President: Mr. Mongi SLIM (Tunisia). achieve even when faced with superhuman burdens. 5. Dag Hammarskjold's untiring efforts and unfailing Tribute to the memory of Mr. Dag Hammarskjold, Secretary- courage were an incessant inspiration to all who work General of the United Nations, and of members of the staff in international affairs. Dag Hammarskjold has left us of the Organization at a crucial time in the history of mankind. His death and that of those who were with him symbolize the 1. The PRESIDENT (translated from French): Yester- utmost sacrifice of the people who devote their lives day, at the opening meeting of the sixteenth session, to the cause of the United Nations. At this moment our Mr. Boland informed the General Assembly of the thoughts go to the families of all who gave their lives. tragic deaths of Dag Hammarskjold, the Secretary- General, and of those members of his staff who were 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Zafrulla Khan Elected President of General Assembly United
    -2 United Nations 1122nd GENERAL PLENARY IEmHO (Opening meeting) ~ ASSEMBLY Tuesday. 18 September 1964. A SEVENTEENTH SESSION at3p.m. OflWial Records NEW YORK 1 • h a CONTENTS session, and in particular their chiefs, who have set tl Page aside for a time their high national responsibilities h Agenda item 1: in order to take pal.'t in our work and to pursue in p Opening of the session by the Chairman of the general and fruitful international co-operation the s delegation of TUJiJisia. ,•••••••••••••• 1 purposes set out in the Charter of our Organization. t n Agenda item 4: 5. It is in this spirit of co-operation that I am happy f Minute ofsilent praj'er or meditation. ••••• 1 to express my most fervent wishes for the success of the sevanteenth session of the General Assemblyin ~ Address by Mr. Mongi Slim, Temporary Presi- an atmosphere of mutual understanding and general dent. Chairman of the delegation of Tunisia. • 1 confidence. 1 Agenda item 3: a Credentials of representatives to the seven­ AGENDA ITEM 3 teenth session ofthe General Assembly: Credentials of representatives to the seventeenth session ~ (§) Appointment of the Credentials Committee 1 of the General Assembly: r Agenda item 4: (g) Appointment of the Credentials CO'l1mittee 0 Election of the President. ••••••••••••• 1 lJ 6. The TEMPORARY PRESIDENT (translated from P Address by Mr. Muhammad ZafrtJ11a Khan. French): Rule 28 of the rules of procedl,ll'e provides b President of the seventeenth session of th:; that the General Assembly should, at the beginning r General Assembly. •••••••••••••••••• 2 of each session, appoint on the proposal of the Presi­ c Agenda item 20: dent, a credentialr: committee consis.ting of nine ! Admission of new Members to the U.nited memberB.
    [Show full text]
  • Presidents of the General Assembly
    59th session of the General Assembly Fact Sheet 3 September 2004 Presidents of the General Assembly Session Jahr Name Land First 1946 Paul-Henri Spaak Belgium First special 1947 Oswaldo Aranha Brazil Second 1947 Oswaldo Aranha Brazil Second special 1948 José Arce Argentinia Third 1948 H. V. Evatt Australia Fourth 1949 Carlos P. Rómulo Philippines Fifth 1950 Nasrollah Entezam Iran Sixth 1951 Luis Padilla Nervo Mexico Seventh 1952 Lester B. Pearson Canada Eighth 1953 Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit India Ninth 1954 Eelco N. van Kleffens Netherlands Tenth 1955 José Maza Chile First emergency special 1956 Rudecindo Ortega Chile Second emergency special 1956 Rudecindo Ortega Chile Eleventh 1956 Prince Wan Waithayakon Thailand Twelfth 1957 Sir Leslie Munro New Zealand Third emergency special 1958 Sir Leslie Munro New Zealand Thirteenth 1958 Charles Malik Lebanon Fourteenth 1959 Víctor Andrés Belaúnde Peru Fourth emergency special 1960 Víctor Andrés Belaúnde Peru Fiftheenth 1960 Frederick H. Boland Ireland Third special 1961 Frederick H. Boland Ireland Sixteenth 1961 Mongi Slim Tunesia Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Seventeenth 1962 Pakistan Khan Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Fourth special 1963 Pakistan Khan Eighteenth 1963 Carlos Sosa Rodríguez Venezuela Ninetheenth 1964 Alex Quaison-Sackey Ghana Twentieth 1965 Amintore Fanfani Italy Twenty-first 1966 Abdul Rahman Pazhwak Afghanistan 2 Fifth special 1967 Abdul Rahman Pazhwak Afghanistan Fifth emergency special 1967 Abdul Rahman Pazhwak Afghanistan Twenty-second 1967 Corneliu Manescu Romania Twenty-third 1968 Emilio Arenales Catalán Guatemala Twenty-fourth 1969 Angie E. Brooks Liberia Twenty-fifth 1970 Edvard Hambro Norway Twenty-sixth 1971 Adam Malik Indonesia Twenty-seventh 1972 Stanislaw Trepczynski Poland Twenty-eighth 1973 Leopoldo Benítes Ecuador Sixth special 1974 Leopoldo Benítes Ecuador Twenty-nine 1974 Abdelaziz Bouteflika Algeria Seventh special 1975 Abdelaziz Bouteflika Algeria Thirtieth 1975 Gaston Thorn Luxembourg Thirty-first 1976 H.
    [Show full text]
  • Contrasting Notions of History and Collective Memory
    1 2 3 4 Preface The “Transitional Justice Barometer” continues to support the process of transitional justice in Tunisia, through a research work that involves Tunisian experts from “Al-Kawakibi Democracy Transition Center”, and international experts from the “University of York” (England) and “Impunity Watch” (Netherlands). The Barometer, jointly with its partners, has chosen to focus this third study on “memorialization” and “collective memory”, being important elements in the process of transitional justice that the Tunisian experience has not addressed yet. The study is entitled “History and Collective Memory in Tunisia : Contrasted Notions. Teaching Recent History and the Figure of Bourguiba Today.” As part of this qualitative research, interviews were conducted with 45 experts and teachers of history and civic education in the Governorates of Sousse (Center-East) and Gafsa (Saouth-West). With this third study having been carried out, the six regions of the country are now covered by the Transitional Justice Barometer project. The study places special focus on Habib Bourguiba, a pivotal figure in the modern history of Tunisia. It examines the textbooks used in the teaching of history and assesses their impact on collective memory. The study ends with a number of conclusions and recommendations that seek to contribute to the reform of the teaching of history and civic education, supposed to be one of the outputs of the transitional justice process. To conclude, the “Transitional Justice Barometer” wishes to thank all the interviewed teachers and experts for having contributed to the success of this research work. On its part, “Al-Kawakibi Democracy Transition Center” wishes to thank its partners, the “University of York” and “Impunity Watch”, for the valuable expertise they have transferred to Tunisian researchers.
    [Show full text]
  • The United Nations, Decolonization and Development Aid, 1949-1961
    1 The London School of Economics and Political Science In Pursuit of Development: The United Nations, Decolonization and Development Aid, 1949-1961 Aaron Dean Rietkerk A thesis submitted to the Department of International History of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, June 2015. 2 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rest with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgment is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorization does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 98,669 words. 3 Abstract This thesis examines a number of specific efforts by the United Nations to offer and administer development aid to newly independent and ‘underdeveloped’ countries from the Global South during the decades following World War Two. Broadly, this thesis casts light on the competitive nature of postwar international development. In doing so, it examines development as a contest, whereby, the United Nations sought to stake out a claim to its share of the global development process during the 1950s and early 1960s. Crucially, this thesis sets this struggle against the backdrop of the increasing demand for development aid that accompanied the advent of mass decolonization in Africa by 1960.
    [Show full text]
  • General Assembly Distr.: General 15 June 2005
    United Nations A/60/100 General Assembly Distr.: General 15 June 2005 Original: English Sixtieth session Annotated preliminary list of items to be included in the provisional agenda of the sixtieth regular session of the General Assembly* Contents Page I. Introduction .................................................................... 13 II. Annotated list................................................................... 14 1. Opening of the session by the President of the General Assembly1 ................... 14 2. Minute of silent prayer or meditation ........................................... 14 3. Credentials of representatives to the sixtieth session of the General Assembly ......... 14 (a) Appointment of the members of the Credentials Committee .................... 14 (b) Report of the Credentials Committee2 ...................................... 14 4. Election of the President of the General Assembly3 ............................... 15 5. Election of the officers of the Main Committees3 ................................. 16 6. Election of the Vice-Presidents of the General Assembly3 .......................... 18 7. Organization of work, adoption of the agenda and allocation of items: reports of the General Committee .......................................................... 19 8. General debate.............................................................. 22 A. Maintenance of international peace and security 9. Report of the Security Council2 ................................................ 22 __________________ * The unannotated
    [Show full text]