Mimacraea gelinia georgia ♂ r Udzungwa National Park CHECKLIST OF BUTTERFLIES Colin Congdon and Ivan Bampton Revised 13.10.2001 Introduction This checklist follows the arrangement of Ackery, Smith and Vane-Wright in Carcasson’s African Butterflies, 1995. For every butterfly the species and if appropriate the subspecies name is given in full, followed by a brief description and details of habitat and behaviour. Entries are based on Kielland’s Butterflies of Tanzania, 1990 and our own observations. No butterfly checklist is complete and final. More species will be added in the course of time. The Udzungwa National Park contains a variety of habitat types. The butterfly fauna is therefore rich and varied. Over 400 species are present. From the point of view of the butterflies, the most important habitat types are: Low and medium altitude rain forest. Eastern Arc forests, mainly east facing. Highland forest. Undifferentiated Afromontane, elfin mist forest. Highland grassland. E.g. on Luhombero Mt., but also above Ruaha Gorge. Hot, dry woodland and thorn scrub. Ruaha Gorge. Brachystegia woodland. East of Luhomero Mountain. Checklist HESPERIIDAE (The Skippers) Coeliades anchises Gerstaeker, 1871. band is slightly convex and with even sides. Underside grey-brown, with a white band Three small apical spots in a straight line. Only containing a single black spot. Habitat known from forests above Sanje village. woodland at all elevations. Larval foodplants Marsdenia angolensis (Asclepiadaceae) and Celaenorrhinus zanqua Evans, 1937. Similar Triapsis leendertziae (Malpighiaceae). All the to sanjeensis, but forewing band irregular, and skippers roll or fold a leaf of their foodplant to apical spots in a curved line. Forests below make a shelter in which they hide. 1750m. Larvae feed on Brillantaisia (Acanthaceae). Coeliades chalybe Westwood, 1852. Blackish, with strongly blue-green iridescence. Deep Tagiades flesus Fabricius, 1781. Brown, forest from 700 to 1800m. Foodplant underside of hindwing silvery white with black Cynanchum (Asclepiadaceae). spots near costa. Common in forest and heavy woodland, settling on the undersides of leaves. Coeliades forestan Stoll, 1782. The ‘Striped Foodplants Dioscorea (Dioscoriaceae) and Policeman’. Similar to anchises, but lacking Grewia (Tiliaceae). Also possibly on Cola the black spot. Woodland and forest at all (Sterculiaceae ). altitudes. Larval foodplants mainly Combretaceae and Papilionaceae. Eagris nottoana Wallengren, 1857. Male brown on both surfaces, forewing with two or Coeliades libeon Druce, 1875. Smaller than three clear forewing spots. Female paler, the other species. Upperside and underside forewing with a row of squareish clear spots, uniformly dull brown. Woodland and forests and with a whitish hindwing underside. Forests up to 1900m. Foodplants Drypetes at all elevations. Local. Foodplants Scutia (Euphorbiaceae) and Millettia (Papilionaceae). (Rhamnaceae), Dombeya (Sterculiaceae) and Grewia (Tiliaceae). Coeliades pisistratus Fabricius, 1793. Underside white band containing three or four Eagris sabadius Gray, 1832 ssp astoria black spots. Foodplants Marsdenia Holland, 1896. Warm brown with irregular (Asclepiadaceae), Acridocarpus hyaline forewing spots. Forests above 800m. (Malpighiaceae) and Indigofera Larvae on Grewia (Tiliaceae) and Rhus (Papilionaceae). (Anacardiaceae), Dombeya (Sterculiaceae). Coeliades sejuncta Mabille & Vuillot, 1891. Calleagris jamesoni Sharpe. Underside brown, Underside hindwing discal band rather narrow, forewing with black edged white spots, yellowish, lower half orange containing two hindwing with a white discal patch with white rows of black spots. Forests up to 2100m. spots on the outer edge. Woodland and forest Larval foodplant Acridocarpus zanzibaricum margins up to 1600m. (Malpigiaceae). Eretis herewardi Riley, 1921 ssp Celaenorrhinus bettoni Butler, 1902. A small rotundimacula Evans, 1937. Dark brown basal species. Forewing orange band broken into areas, paler outer areas. A single round white spots, and upperside generally with orange discal spot and a row of very small white hairs on a brown background. apical spots. Rare, but recorded from Nyumbenitu in the Udzungwas and probably Celaenorrhinus galenus Fabricius, 1793 ssp also at Luhombero. biseriatus Butler, 1888. Dark brown with an orange forewing discal band and orange spots. Eretis lugens Rogenhofer, 1891. Vary dark Forests at all altitudes. brown with three very small pale apical spots. Forests and heavy woodland above 800m. Celaenorrhinus sanjeensis Kielland, 1990. Larvae on Acanthaceae. Black with a white forewing discal band. The Eretis melania Mabille, 1891. Similar to white spots, a more or less well developed lugens but paler. Forests up to 2000m. discal band on the hindwing and a chequered margin. Underside much paler. In depauperata Sarangesa maculata Mabille, 1891. Mottled the underside discal band is well developed. blackish brown, forewing with a prominent Woodland and open country between 1000 and hyaline discal spot. Forests up to 1700m. 2000m. Sarangesa motozi Wallengren, 1857. Pale Spialia diomus Hopffer, 1855. Underside brown with bold darker brown areas. Very discal band narrower than in depauperata, and common outside of forests up to 2000m. curved. From sea level to 2000m outside of Foodplants Acanthaceae. forests. Larvae on Hermannia (Sterculiaceae) and Pavonia (Malvaceae). Sarangesa seineri Strand, 1909 ssp tanga Evans, 1937. Dark brown with blackish Spialia dromus Plotz, 1884. Underside discal marbling, forewing with a few clear spots, band of irregular width. Woodland and forest hindwing with an irregular edge. Woodland margins up to 2000m. Foodplants Triumfetta and rocky hills. spp (Tiliaceae). Caprona pilaana Wallengren 1857. Forewing Spialia spio Linnaeus, 1764. Underside apex sharply angled, hindwing margin irregular hindwing discal band does not reach costa. and angled. Upperside brown, boldly marked Present everywhere except closed forest. with blackish and whitish. Woodland. Larvae mainly on Malvaceae but also on Foodplants Dombeya (Sterculiaceae) and Hermannia (Sterculiaceae). Grewia (Tiliaceae). Gomalia elma Trimen, 1862. Upperside grey- Netrobalane canopus Trimen, 1864. Forewing brown and blackish, hindwing with a pale sharply angled, white with brown basal and discal bar. Forests up to 2200m. Larvae on apical areas. Riverine thickets etc. up to Abutilon (Malvaceae). 1700m. Foodplants Grewia (Tiliaceae), Dombeya (Sterculiaceae) and Pavonia Metisella decipiens Butler, 1896. The several (Malvaceae). species of Metisella are dark brown with orange markings. The present species has an Leucochitonea amneris Rebel & Rogenhofer, irregularly shaped forewing discal band and a 1894. Like a small Pierid. Creamy white with a few small spots on the hindwing. Forest glades broad black forewing apex containing white and edges from 1100 to 1900m. spots, and a black hindwing margin. Ruaha gorge. Metisella sp n. (Kielland p. 237). Similar to medea but smaller, forewing less boldly Abantis paradisea Butler, 1870. Black with spotted with yellow, hindwing more boldly. creamy spots and patches on both wings. Forest margins, etc. at high altitudes. Woodland up to 1500m. Larvae are on Hibiscus (Malvaceae), Annona (Annonaceae) Metisella medea Evans, 1937. Brown with and Cola (Sterculiaceae). round orange spots on both wings. Open habitats at high altitudes. Abantis venosa Trimen 1889. Upperside brown with blackish veins, forewing with Metisella midas Butler, 1894. Both wings with hyaline spots. Underside hindwing whitish with large round orange spots. Marshy areas and a brown border. Woodland. Foodplant open grass down to 900m. Pterocarpus tinctorius and probably Pterocarpus angolensis (Papilionaceae) Metisella abdeli Kruger 1928. Forewing (Mninga). median spots more or less joined into a band. Hindwing with a bold discal spot and several Abantis zambesiaca Westwood, 1874. Similar small submarginal ones. Forests and open to paradisea but black areas strongly washed habitats down to 800m. with green. Habitat similar to paradisea. Metisella trisignatus Neave, 1904. Forewing Spialia depauperata Strand, 1911. The species with three submarginal orange spots only. A of Spialia are difficult to tell apart. They are montane species, above 1800m. small skippers, dark brown with yellowish Metisella willemi Wallengren, 1857. Above Pardaleodes incerta Snellen, 1872. Bright dark brown, forewing with pale markings, orange with bold black margins and markings. underside hindwing with pale yellow streaks A common forest species up to 2000m. and brown lines. Woodland up to 2000m. Larvae feed on grasses. Xanthodisca vibius Hewitson, 1878. Above dark brown with a large median orange patch. Ampittia capenas Hewitson, 1868. Upperside Forests up to 1700m. Larvae on Aframomum similar to Metisella, but underside yellow with (Zingiberaceae). brown spots. Woodland up to 1700m. Acada biseriata Mabille, 1893. Similar to Ampittia parva Aurivillius, 1925. Upperside Pardaleodes incerta, but smaller, and brown with orange post discal bands on both hindwing orange area reduced to a discal bar. wings, underside yellow with brown forewing Common in Brachystegia woodland, the larvae markings. Lowland forests and along rivers. feeding on Brachystegia (Caesalpiniaceae). Kedestes wallengreni Trimen, 1883 ssp Acleros mackenii Trimen, 1868. Upperside fenestratus Butler, 1893. Above dull brown, blackish, underside variable, greyish with pale forewing sharply angled, and with discal striations and forewing with white