DOCSLIB.ORG

Obligatory and Facultative Insects in Rose Hips

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Obligatory and Facultative Insects in Rose Hips L I E) R.A RY OF THE U N 1 VER5ITY or ILLINOIS 5T0.5 ILL V. 25-30 CO The person charging this material is re- sponsible for its return to the library from which it was withdrawn on or before the Latest Date stamped below. Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for disciplinary action and may result in dismissal from the University. UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANACHAMPAIGN SEP I'm BUILDING a9€^'^**' JUN 14 1^79 njlLOSNG U!;.E ONl> L161 — O-1096 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/obligatoryfacult25bald 570. £• V.2C Obligatory and Facultative Insects in Rose Hips Their Recognition and Bionomics W. V. BALDUF ILLINOIS BIOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS: Number 26 THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS PRESS URBANA, 1959 ILLINOIS BIOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS is the general title for a series of mono- graphs in botany, entomology, zoology, and allied fields. Volumes 1 through 24 con- tained four issues each and were available through subscription. Beginning with number 25 (issued in 1957), each publication wiU be numbered consecutively. No subscriptions will be available, but standing orders will be accepted for forthcoming ntunbers. Prices of previous issues still in print are listed below, and these may be purchased from the University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Illinois. Requests for exchange arrangements should be addressed to the Exchange Department, University Library, Urbana, Illinois. BAKER, FBANK COLLINS (1922): The Mol- FAUST, ERNEST CARROLL (1918): Life His- luscan Fauna of the Big Vermilion River, tory Studies on Montana Trematodes. 9 Illinois, with Special Reference to Its Mod- pis. 1 fig. Vol. 4, No. 1. $2.00. ification as the Result of Pollution by Sew- FISHER, HARVEY I., and GOODMAN, DONALD age and Manufacturing Wastes. 15 pis. c. (1955) : The Myology of the Whooping Vol. 7, No. 2. $1.25. Crane, Grus americana. 40 figs. Vol. 24, BEAVER, PAXJL CHESTER (1937): Experi- No. 2. $2.50. mental Studies on Echinostoma revolutum GAMBiLL, WILLIAM G., JR. (1953): The (Froelich), a Fluke from Birds and Mam- Leguminosae of Illinois. Vol. 22, No. 4. mals. 3 pis. 20 charts. Vol. 15, No. 1. $1.00. $3.00. BENNETT, HARRY JACKSON (1936): The GOODNIGHT, CLARENCE JAMES (1940) : The Life History of Cotylophoron cotylopho- Branchiobdellidae (Oligochaeta) of North rum, a Trematode from Ruminants. 9 pis. American Crayfishes. 3 pis. Vol. 17, No. 3, Vol. 14, No. 4. $1.50. $1.00. CAHN, ALViN ROBERT (1937): The Turtles GUTBERLET, JOHN EARL (1915): On the Illinois. 31 pis. 20 maps. 15 figs. Vol. 16, of Osteology of Some of the Loricati. 5 pis. 1-2. $3.00. Nos. Vol. 2, No. 2. $.50. CHEN, HSiN Kuo (1935): Development of HAYES, WILLIAM PATRICK (1930): Mor- the Pectoral Limi) of Necturus maculosus. phology, Taxonomy and Biology of Larval 11 pis. Vol. 14, No. 1. $1.00. Scarabaeoidea. 15 pis. Vol. 12, No. 2. COOPER, ARTHUR REUBEN (1918): North $1.25. American Pseudophyllidean Cestodes from HEiss, ELIZABETH M. (1938): A Classifica- Fishes. 13 pis. Vol. 4, No. 4. $2.00. tion of the Larvae and Puparia of the CREGAN, SISTER MARY BERTHA (1941): Syrphidae of Illinois, Exclusive of Aquatic Generic Relationships of the Dolichopo- Forms. 17 pis. Vol. 16, No. 4. $1.50. didae (Diptera) Based on a Study of the HIGGINS, GEORGE MARSH (1921): The Mouth Parts. 30 pis. Vol. 18, No. 1. $1.00. Nasal Organ in Amphibia. 10 pis. Vol. 6, DOAK, CLIFTON CHILDRESS (1935): Evolu- No. 1, $1.00. tion of Foliar Types, Dwarf Shoots, and HiGLEY, RUTH (1918): Morphology and Cone Scales of Pinus with Remarks Con- Biology of Some Turbellaria from the cerning Similar Structures in Related Mississippi Basin. 3 pis. Vol. 4, No. 3. Forms. 32 figs. Vol. 13, No. 3. $1.50. $1.25. EDDY, SAMUEL (1934): A Study of Fresh- HOFF, c. CLAYTON (1942): The Ostracods Water Plankton Communities. 9 figs. Vol. of lUinois—Their Biology and Taxonomy. 12, No. 4. $1.00. 9 pis. Vol. 19, Nos. 1-2. $2.50. ESSEX, HIRAM ELI (1928): The Structure HOFFMEISTER, DONALD F. (1951) : A TaXO- and Development of Corallobothrium, with nomic and Evolutionary Study of the Descriptions of Two New Fish Tape- Piiion Mouse, Peromyscus truei. 5 pis. 24 worms. 5 pis. Vol. 11, No. 3. $1.00. figs. Vol. 21, No. 4. Cloth only, $3.50. Obligatory and Facultative Insects in Rose Hips Obligatory and Facultative Insects in Rose Hips Their Recognition and Bionomics W. V. BALDUF ILLINOIS BIOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS: Ntmiber 26 THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS PRESS URBANA, 1959 Board of Editors: william r. horsfall, h. orin halvorson, francis j. KRUIDENIER;, WILSON N. STEWART, AND AUBREY B. TAYLOR. FOR LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG ENTRY, SEE PAGE 194. THIS MONOGRAPH IS A CONTRIBUTION FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS. DISTRIBUTED: MARCH 16, 1959. © 1959 BY THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS. MANU- FACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Contents introduction 1 Acknowledgments 4 THE ROSE HIP FLIES, TRYPETIDAE, DIPTERA 6 Carpomijia Schineri ( Loew ) 6 Rhagoletis alernata ( Fallen ) 7 Rhagoletis basiola ( Osten Sacken ) 11 HYMENOPTEROUS PARASITES OF Wiagoletis basioki 32 Opius rosicoh Mues. and Opius baldufi Mues., Braconidae, Hymenoptera 32 Halticoptero rosae Burks, Pteromalidae, Hymenoptera 41 Eupelmidae spp., Hymenoptera 50 THE ROSE HIP MOTHS, Cljdia SPP., OLETHREUTIDAE, LEPIDOPTERA 51 Cydia roseticolana ( Zell. ) 51 Cydio packardi (Zell.), The Cherry Fruitworm 53 PARASITES OF Cydio packardi 64 Glypta rufisciitellaris Cress., Ichneumonidae, Hymenoptera. ... 64 Ascogaster sp.?, Braconidae, Hymenoptera 70 The Long-Tailed Parasite. Hymenoptera 72 Scambus hispae (Harris), Ichneumonidae, Hymenoptera 72 Euderus cushmani (Crawford), Eulophidae, Hymenoptera. ... 74 AN UNIDENTIFIED ECTOPARASITE OF Cydia packardi 75 PREDATORS OF Cydia packardi 75 Enoclerus? sp. and PhyUobaenus sp., Cleridae, Coleoptera. ... 75 Carposina scirhosella h. s., carposinidae, lepidoptera 77 THE SCAVENGEROUS FLY, Lonchaca polita SAY, LONCHAEIDAE, DIPTERA . 78 THE ROSE cuRCULio, Rhynchites bicolor (fabr. ), curculionidae, COLEOPTERA 78 Rhynchites bicolor bicolor (Fabr.) in the East 83 Rhynchites bicolor in the West 96 NATURAL ENEMIES OF RhyUckiteS bicolor ( FABR. ) 105 Luchatema baldufi Walkley, Ichneumonidae, Hymenoptera. 105 Bracon mellitor Say, Braconidae, Hymenoptera 114 V VI CONTENTS Bracon variabilis (Prov. ), Braconidae, Hymenoptera 119 Zatropis rosaecolis Burks, Pteromalidae, Hymenoptera 120 Eurytoma sp., Eurytomidae, Hymenoptera 121 Chaetogaster sp., Oligochaeta, Chaetopoda, Annelida 122 SCAVENGEROUS MITE 123 Caloglyphtis spinitarsus (Herm. ), Acaridae, Acarina, Arachnida 123 THE ROSE SEED CHALCIDS, MegastigmUS SPP., TORYMIDAE, HYMENOP- TERA 123 Megastigmtts actileatus ( Swederus ) 124 Megastigmus nigrovariegatus Ashmead, The American Rose Seed Chalcid 130 PARASITES OF MegasUgmus nigrovariegatus 145 Eupelmus, Eupelmidae, Hymenoptera 145 ADDITIONAL PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA FROM HIP JARS 145 SUMMARY 146 ROSE HOSTS OF HIP INSECTS 150 BIBLIOGRAPHY 151 PLATES 163 INDEX 189 Introduction For some years, my daily walks between home and office took me past a fine stand of Rosa riigosa growing northwest of the "Old Ag. Building" on the University campus at Urbana, Illinois. Here, in the mid-twenties I discovered a red-and-black beetle boring into rose buds with its long beak. During the ensuing years I permitted my interest to extend only to the accumulation of the earliest dates of its annual appearance, pre- suming that so common a species had certainly already been studied adequately. Then in mid-June of 1943, I found several honey-yellow chal- cids, new to me, engaged in inserting their long terebras into the young hips of this rose. My guess was that they were parasitizing some other insect in the hip—possibly the larva of the snout beetle. Seeking to gain data about the geographical range of this chalcid, I picked some hips of R. acicularis at "Eaglesnest," in northern Minnesota, on September 17, 1943. Upon opening the package at Urbana on October 7, I was sur- prised to find seven stramineous dipterous puparia that had obviously developed from larvae formerly resident in the hips. While removing many such larvae from hips at Eaglesnest in August of 1944, I made the acquaintance of a small caterpillar that shared the fleshy coat of the hips with the dipterous larva. Thus, by August, 1944, I had learned that rose hips in Minnesota and Illinois are sometimes inhabited by four phytophagous species of insects. These proved to be the rose snout beetle, Rhynchites bicolor (Fabr. ), Curculionidae; the American rose hip fly, Rhagoletis basiola (O.S.), Trypetidae; the cherry fruitworm, Cydia (Grapholitha) packardi (Zell.), Olethreutidae, and the American rose seed chalcid, Megastig- mus nigrovariegatus Ashm., Torymidae. In later years, the European rose seed chalcid, M. acideofiis (Swed. ), was reared from hips obtained from Illinois and states to the east. But these phytophagous residents of rose hips later proved to consti- tute only the smaller portion of the inhabitants more or less characteristic of this microhabitat. From 1944 to 1953, an impressive series of para- sitic Hymenoptera, several new to man, were obtained from the above phytophags. The facts in their lives were learned insofar as permitted by the limits of my time as a teacher and the amounts of host and parasite material available. Since the hips and insects processed in that decade originated princi- pally in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Illinois, with fewer samples from other northern states, it is probable that still other phytophags and para- Z INSECTS IN ROSE HIPS sites utilize rose hips as food or shelter, particularly in more southerly and westerly areas of the United States. Not only may further investi- gation add more species to the list, but it will certainly serve to further clarify the modes of life and roles of certain species found only in small numbers to date. Perusal of the literature has revealed several additional "hip insects" native to Europe and Russia. The principal objectives were to learn what species of insects depend more or less on rose hips for food and/or shelter, their bionomic rela- tions to the hip or to each other, and the life histories of each species.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Entomology of the Aucklands and Other Islands South of New Zealand: Lepidoptera, Ex­ Cluding Non-Crambine Pyralidae
    Pacific Insects Monograph 27: 55-172 10 November 1971 ENTOMOLOGY OF THE AUCKLANDS AND OTHER ISLANDS SOUTH OF NEW ZEALAND: LEPIDOPTERA, EX­ CLUDING NON-CRAMBINE PYRALIDAE By J. S. Dugdale1 CONTENTS Introduction 55 Acknowledgements 58 Faunal Composition and Relationships 58 Faunal List 59 Key to Families 68 1. Arctiidae 71 2. Carposinidae 73 Coleophoridae 76 Cosmopterygidae 77 3. Crambinae (pt Pyralidae) 77 4. Elachistidae 79 5. Geometridae 89 Hyponomeutidae 115 6. Nepticulidae 115 7. Noctuidae 117 8. Oecophoridae 131 9. Psychidae 137 10. Pterophoridae 145 11. Tineidae... 148 12. Tortricidae 156 References 169 Note 172 Abstract: This paper deals with all Lepidoptera, excluding the non-crambine Pyralidae, of Auckland, Campbell, Antipodes and Snares Is. The native resident fauna of these islands consists of 42 species of which 21 (50%) are endemic, in 27 genera, of which 3 (11%) are endemic, in 12 families. The endemic fauna is characterised by brachyptery (66%), body size under 10 mm (72%) and concealed, or strictly ground- dwelling larval life. All species can be related to mainland forms; there is a distinctive pre-Pleistocene element as well as some instances of possible Pleistocene introductions, as suggested by the presence of pairs of species, one member of which is endemic but fully winged. A graph and tables are given showing the composition of the fauna, its distribution, habits, and presumed derivations. Host plants or host niches are discussed. An additional 7 species are considered to be non-resident waifs. The taxonomic part includes keys to families (applicable only to the subantarctic fauna), and to genera and species.
    [Show full text]
  • Abacca Mosaic Virus
    Annex Decree of Ministry of Agriculture Number : 51/Permentan/KR.010/9/2015 date : 23 September 2015 Plant Quarantine Pest List A. Plant Quarantine Pest List (KATEGORY A1) I. SERANGGA (INSECTS) NAMA ILMIAH/ SINONIM/ KLASIFIKASI/ NAMA MEDIA DAERAH SEBAR/ UMUM/ GOLONGA INANG/ No PEMBAWA/ GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENTIFIC NAME/ N/ GROUP HOST PATHWAY DISTRIBUTION SYNONIM/ TAXON/ COMMON NAME 1. Acraea acerata Hew.; II Convolvulus arvensis, Ipomoea leaf, stem Africa: Angola, Benin, Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae; aquatica, Ipomoea triloba, Botswana, Burundi, sweet potato butterfly Merremiae bracteata, Cameroon, Congo, DR Congo, Merremia pacifica,Merremia Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, peltata, Merremia umbellata, Kenya, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Ipomoea batatas (ubi jalar, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, sweet potato) Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo. Uganda, Zambia 2. Ac rocinus longimanus II Artocarpus, Artocarpus stem, America: Barbados, Honduras, Linnaeus; Coleoptera: integra, Moraceae, branches, Guyana, Trinidad,Costa Rica, Cerambycidae; Herlequin Broussonetia kazinoki, Ficus litter Mexico, Brazil beetle, jack-tree borer elastica 3. Aetherastis circulata II Hevea brasiliensis (karet, stem, leaf, Asia: India Meyrick; Lepidoptera: rubber tree) seedling Yponomeutidae; bark feeding caterpillar 1 4. Agrilus mali Matsumura; II Malus domestica (apel, apple) buds, stem, Asia: China, Korea DPR (North Coleoptera: Buprestidae; seedling, Korea), Republic of Korea apple borer, apple rhizome (South Korea) buprestid Europe: Russia 5. Agrilus planipennis II Fraxinus americana,
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin Number / Numéro 1 Entomological Society of Canada March / Mars 2011 Société D’Entomologie Du Canada
    ............................................................ ............................................................ Volume 43 Bulletin Number / numéro 1 Entomological Society of Canada March / mars 2011 Société d’entomologie du Canada Published quarterly by the Entomological Society of Canada Publication trimestrielle par la Société d’entomologie du Canada ........................................................ .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................... .................................................................................. ............................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................................... List of contents / Table des matières Volume 43(1), March / mars 2011 Up front / Avant-propos ..............................................................................................................1 Moth balls / Boules à mites ............................................................................................................3 Dear Buggy / Cher Bibitte ...............................................................................................................6
    [Show full text]
  • Pu'u Wa'awa'a Biological Assessment
    PU‘U WA‘AWA‘A BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT PU‘U WA‘AWA‘A, NORTH KONA, HAWAII Prepared by: Jon G. Giffin Forestry & Wildlife Manager August 2003 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ................................................................................................................................. i TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................. ii GENERAL SETTING...................................................................................................................1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................1 Land Use Practices...............................................................................................................1 Geology..................................................................................................................................3 Lava Flows............................................................................................................................5 Lava Tubes ...........................................................................................................................5 Cinder Cones ........................................................................................................................7 Soils .......................................................................................................................................9
    [Show full text]
  • Rosa L.: Rose, Briar
    Q&R genera Layout 1/31/08 12:24 PM Page 974 R Rosaceae—Rose family Rosa L. rose, briar Susan E. Meyer Dr. Meyer is a research ecologist at the USDA Forest Service’s Rocky Mountain Research Station Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, Utah Growth habit, occurrence, and uses. The genus and act as seed dispersers (Gill and Pogge 1974). Wild roses Rosa is found primarily in the North Temperate Zone and are also utilized as browse by many wild and domestic includes about 200 species, with perhaps 20 that are native ungulates. Rose hips are an excellent source of vitamin C to the United States (table 1). Another 12 to 15 rose species and may also be consumed by humans (Densmore and have been introduced for horticultural purposes and are nat- Zasada 1977). Rose oil extracted from the fragrant petals is uralized to varying degrees. The nomenclature of the genus an important constituent of perfume. The principal use of is in a state of flux, making it difficult to number the species roses has clearly been in ornamental horticulture, and most with precision. The roses are erect, clambering, or climbing of the species treated here have been in cultivation for many shrubs with alternate, stipulate, pinnately compound leaves years (Gill and Pogge 1974). that have serrate leaflets. The plants are usually armed with Many roses are pioneer species that colonize distur- prickles or thorns. Many species are capable of clonal bances naturally. The thicket-forming species especially growth from underground rootstocks and tend to form thick- have potential for watershed stabilization and reclamation of ets.
    [Show full text]
  • Working List of Prairie Restricted (Specialist) Insects in Wisconsin (11/26/2015)
    Working List of Prairie Restricted (Specialist) Insects in Wisconsin (11/26/2015) By Richard Henderson Research Ecologist, WI DNR Bureau of Science Services Summary This is a preliminary list of insects that are either well known, or likely, to be closely associated with Wisconsin’s original native prairie. These species are mostly dependent upon remnants of original prairie, or plantings/restorations of prairie where their hosts have been re-established (see discussion below), and thus are rarely found outside of these settings. The list also includes some species tied to native ecosystems that grade into prairie, such as savannas, sand barrens, fens, sedge meadow, and shallow marsh. The list is annotated with known host(s) of each insect, and the likelihood of its presence in the state (see key at end of list for specifics). This working list is a byproduct of a prairie invertebrate study I coordinated from1995-2005 that covered 6 Midwestern states and included 14 cooperators. The project surveyed insects on prairie remnants and investigated the effects of fire on those insects. It was funded in part by a series of grants from the US Fish and Wildlife Service. So far, the list has 475 species. However, this is a partial list at best, representing approximately only ¼ of the prairie-specialist insects likely present in the region (see discussion below). Significant input to this list is needed, as there are major taxa groups missing or greatly under represented. Such absence is not necessarily due to few or no prairie-specialists in those groups, but due more to lack of knowledge about life histories (at least published knowledge), unsettled taxonomy, and lack of taxonomic specialists currently working in those groups.
    [Show full text]
  • (2014) Who's for Dinner? High- Throughput Sequencing Reveals Bat Dietary Differentiation in a Biodiversity Hotspot Where Prey Taxonomy Is Largely Undescribed
    MURDOCH RESEARCH REPOSITORY This is the author’s final version of the work, as accepted for publication following peer review but without the publisher’s layout or pagination. The definitive version is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.12531 Burgar, J.M., Murray, D.C., Craig, M.D., Haile, J., Houston, J., Stokes, V. and Bunce, M. (2014) Who's for dinner? High- throughput sequencing reveals bat dietary differentiation in a biodiversity hotspot where prey taxonomy is largely undescribed. Molecular Ecology, 23 (15). pp. 3605-3617. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/19454/ Copyright: © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. It is posted here for your personal use. No further distribution is permitted. 1 1. Title: Who’s’ for dinner? High-throughput sequencing reveals bat dietary 2 differentiation in a biodiversity hotspot where prey taxonomy is largely undescribed. 3 2. Authors: Joanna M. Burgar1, Daithi C. Murray2, Michael D. Craig1,3, James Haile2, Jayne 4 Houston2, Vicki Stokes4, Michael Bunce2 5 3. Postal Addresses: 6 1. School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, 7 Murdoch, Western Australia 6150 8 2. Australian Wildlife Forensic Services and Ancient DNA Laboratory, School of 9 Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, 10 Western Australia 6150 11 3. School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 12 Crawley, Western Australia 6009 13 4. Alcoa of Australia Ltd., PO Box 252, Applecross, Western Australia, 6953 14 4. Keywords: next generation sequencing, molecular scatology, dietary differentiation, 15 Chalinolobus gouldii, Nyctophilus gouldi, Vespadelus regulus 16 5.
    [Show full text]
  • A Systematic Study of the Family Rhynchitidae of Japan(Coleoptera
    Humans and Nature. No. 2, 1 ―93, March 1993 A Systematic Study of the Family Rhynchitidae of Japan (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea) * Yoshihisa Sawada Division of Phylogenetics, Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo, Yayoi~ga~oka 6, Sanda, 669~ 13 fapan Abstract Japanese RHYNCHITIDAE are systematically reviewed and revised. Four tribes, 17 genera and 62 species are recognized. Original and additional descriptions are given, with illustrations of and keys to their taxa. The generic and subgeneric names of Voss' system are reviewed from the viewpoint of nomenclature. At the species level, 12 new species Auletobius planifrons, Notocyrtus caeligenus, Involvulus flavus, I. subtilis, I. comix, I. aes, I. lupulus, Deporaus tigris, D. insularis, D. eumegacephalus, D. septemtrionalis and D. rhynchitoides are described and 1 species Engnamptus sauteri are newly recorded from Japan. Six species and subspecies names Auletes carvus, A. testaceus and A. irkutensis japonicus, Auletobius okinatuaensis, Aderorhinus pedicellaris nigricollis and Rhynchites cupreus purpuleoviolaceus are synonymized under Auletobius puberulus, A. jumigatus, A. uniformis, Ad. crioceroides and I. cylindricollis, respectively. One new name Deporaus vossi is given as the replacement name of the primally junior homonym D. pallidiventris Voss, 1957 (nec Voss, 1924). Generic and subgeneric classification is revised in the following points. The genus Notocyrtus is revived as an independent genus including subgenera Notocyrtus s. str., Exochorrhynchites and Heterorhynchites. Clinorhynckites and Habrorhynchites are newly treated as each independent genera. Caenorhinus is newly treated as a valid subgenus of the genus Deporaus. The genera Neocoenorrhinus and Piazorhynckites are newly synonymized under Notocyrtus and Agilaus, respectively, in generic and subgeneric rank. A subgeneric name, Aphlorhynehites subgen.
    [Show full text]
  • Insects That Feed on Trees and Shrubs
    INSECTS THAT FEED ON COLORADO TREES AND SHRUBS1 Whitney Cranshaw David Leatherman Boris Kondratieff Bulletin 506A TABLE OF CONTENTS DEFOLIATORS .................................................... 8 Leaf Feeding Caterpillars .............................................. 8 Cecropia Moth ................................................ 8 Polyphemus Moth ............................................. 9 Nevada Buck Moth ............................................. 9 Pandora Moth ............................................... 10 Io Moth .................................................... 10 Fall Webworm ............................................... 11 Tiger Moth ................................................. 12 American Dagger Moth ......................................... 13 Redhumped Caterpillar ......................................... 13 Achemon Sphinx ............................................. 14 Table 1. Common sphinx moths of Colorado .......................... 14 Douglas-fir Tussock Moth ....................................... 15 1. Whitney Cranshaw, Colorado State University Cooperative Extension etnomologist and associate professor, entomology; David Leatherman, entomologist, Colorado State Forest Service; Boris Kondratieff, associate professor, entomology. 8/93. ©Colorado State University Cooperative Extension. 1994. For more information, contact your county Cooperative Extension office. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture,
    [Show full text]
  • Rhagoletis Cerasi
    OREGON DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FACT SHEETS AND PEST ALERTS Pest Alert: European cherry fruit fly Rhagoletis cerasi Introduction European cherry fruit fly (ECFF), Rhagoletis cerasi (Diptera, Tephritidae), is one of the most important cherry pests in Europe. In 2016, ECFF was found in Ontario, Canada. The following year it was found in the United States in New York state adjacent to the Canadian border. So far, ECFF infestations have only been found in Niagara County (Carroll and Herrmann 2017). ECFF is established throughout Europe to the Adult European cherry fruit fly female. Image by Claudia Daniel, Middle East. Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL). ECFF is a threat to cherries, one of Oregon’s top 20 Host Range agricultural commodities valued at over $70 million in All cherries are potential hosts. Honeysuckle berries 2017. Oregon is third in the nation in the production (Lonicera spp.) are also attacked, and there are records of sweet cherries. Home and organic cherry from snowberry (Symphoricarpos spp.). production are likely at the greatest risk. The primary risk of introduction for ECFF is in Pest Status infested fruit. This would include cherries, but also This is the most important pest of cherries in Europe. If honeysuckle and snowberries from the infested area in uncontrolled, they can destroy up to 100% of a cherry eastern North America or Europe. There are crop. Infested cherries are unmarketable. Control restrictions on the movement of fruits into the US, but techniques would be similar to those for the native it is unknown how the population arrived in the US in Western cherry fruit fly (WCFF), but there is evidence the first place.
    [Show full text]
  • Rhagoletis Completa
    Prepared by CABI and EPPO for the EU under Contract 90/399003 Data Sheets on Quarantine Pests Rhagoletis completa IDENTITY • Rhagoletis completa Name: Rhagoletis completa Cresson Synonyms: Rhagoletis suavis subsp. completa Cresson Taxonomic position: Insecta: Diptera: Tephritidae Common names: Walnut husk fly (English) Mouche des brous du noyer (French) Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature: In the previous edition of this data sheet (EPPO/CABI, 1992), R. suavis was treated as a synonym of R. completa. In this edition, it is treated as a separate species (see below). Bayer computer code: RHAGCO EU Annex designation: I/A1 • Rhagoletis suavis Name: Rhagoletis suavis (Loew) Synonyms: Trypeta suavis Loew Bayer computer code: RHAGSU EU Annex designation: I/A1 HOSTS • Rhagoletis completa The principal hosts are Juglans spp. In North America, J. nigra, J. californica and J. hindsii are attacked (Bush, 1966). Under certain conditions peaches (Prunus persica) may be attacked (Bush, 1966) but the significance of this is not clear. Wild hosts are other Juglans spp. (Foote, 1981). In the EPPO region, the only economically significant host might be walnuts (J. regia). Although there was only one old record, possibly a misidentification, on this host in North America (Cresson, 1929), there were records of high levels of infestation of walnut fruits in 1991 in some Italian orchards. • Rhagoletis suavis Recorded from Juglans ailanthifolia, J. cinerea, J. nigra and walnuts (J. regia) (Bush, 1966). Peaches (Prunus persica) are also an occasional host (Dean, 1969). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION R. completa and R. suavis are indigenous to North America. The former species has very recently been introduced into the EPPO region and has become established in a limited area.
    [Show full text]
  • Literature Cited
    Literature Cited Robert W. Kiger, Editor This is a consolidated list of all works cited in volume 9, whether as selected references, in text, or in nomenclatural contexts. In citations of articles, both here and in the taxonomic treatments, and also in nomenclatural citations, the titles of serials are rendered in the forms recommended in G. D. R. Bridson and E. R. Smith (1991), Bridson (2004), and Bridson and D. W. Brown (http://fmhibd.library.cmu.edu/fmi/iwp/cgi?-db=BPH_Online&-loadframes). When those forms are abbreviated, as most are, cross references to the corresponding full serial titles are interpolated here alphabetically by abbreviated form. In nomenclatural citations (only), book titles are rendered in the abbreviated forms recommended in F. A. Stafleu and R. S. Cowan (1976–1988) and Stafleu et al. (1992–2009). Here, those abbreviated forms are indicated parenthetically following the full citations of the corresponding works, and cross references to the full citations are interpolated in the list alphabetically by abbreviated form. Two or more works published in the same year by the same author or group of coauthors will be distinguished uniquely and consistently throughout all volumes of Flora of North America by lower-case letters (b, c, d, ...) suffixed to the date for the second and subsequent works in the set. The suffixes are assigned in order of editorial encounter and do not reflect chronological sequence of publication. The first work by any particular author or group from any given year carries the implicit date suffix “a”; thus, the sequence of explicit suffixes begins with “b”.
    [Show full text]