Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2010 Bali, Indonesia, 25-29 April 2010 Geothermal Country Update Report of Turkey (2005-2010) Orhan Mertoglu*, Sakir Simsek**, Hayrullah Dagistan***, Nilgun Bakir*, Nilgun Dogdu*** * Turkish Geothermal Association. – Ankara,
[email protected] **Hacettepe University, Eng. Faculty, Geological (Hydrogeological) Eng.Dept. Beytepe, Ankara,
[email protected] *** General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA) – 06520, Ankara,
[email protected],
[email protected] Keywords: Turkey, geothermal update, exploration, temperatures and the flow rates of thermal resources in utization, electricity, direct use, heat pump geothermal fields have been increased very seriously (MTA, 2005, Dagistan, 2009). These manifestations are located ABSTRACT mainly along the major grabens in Western Anatolia, along the Northern Anatolian Fault Zone, Central and Eastern Turkey is located on the Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt, Anatolia volcanic regions (Figure 1). With the existing which has high geothermal potential. The first geothermal springs (600MWt) and geothermal wells (3478 MWt), the research and investigations in Turkey were started by MTA proven geothermal capacity calculated by MTA is 4078 in the 1960s. From this time, 186 geothermal fields have MWt (discharge temperature is assumed to be 35°C). The been discovered by MTA, where 95% of them are low- distribution of geothermal direct use in Turkey (August medium enthalpy fields, which are suitable mostly for 2009) is shown in Figure 2. The geothermal potential is direct-use applications. Around 1500 hot and mineralised estimated as 31,500 MWt. The installed geothermal heat natural springs and wells exist in Turkey. With the existing capacity is 2084 MWt for direct-use and 81.61 MWe for geothermal wells and spring discharge water, the proven power production in Turkey, where a liquid carbon dioxide geothermal capacity calculated by MTA is totally 4078 MWt and dry ice production factory is integrated to the Kizildere (exhaust temperature is assumed to be 35°C).