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Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations Revista ISSN 2238-6262 / e-ISSN 2238-6912 Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations Revista Brasileira de Estratégia e Relações Internacionais Porto Alegre, v.5, n.10 | Jul./Dec. 2016 Austral Porto Alegre v.5, n.10 p. 1-276 Jul./Dec. 2016 About the Journal AUSTRAL: Brazilian Journal of Strategy and International Relations was the first Brazilian journal in the area of International Relations to be fully pub- lished in English (2012). It is an essentially academic vehicle, linked to the Brazil- ian Centre for Strategy & International Relations (NERINT) and the Doctoral Pro- gram in International Strategic Studies (PPGEEI) of the Faculty of Economics (FCE) of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Its pluralist focus aims to contribute to the debate on the international political and economic order from the perspective of the developing world. The journal publishes original articles in the area of Strategy and Inter- national Relations, with special interest in issues related to developing countries and South-South Cooperation – its security problems; the political, economic and diplomatic developments of emerging countries; and their relations with the traditional powers. AUSTRAL is published semi-annually in English and Portu- guese. The journal’s target audience consists of researchers, experts, diplomats, military personnel and graduate students of International Relations. The content of the journal consists of in-depth analytical articles written by experts (Professors and Doctors), focusing on each of the great continents of the South: Asia, Latin America and Africa. Thus, the debate and diffusion of knowledge produced in these regions is stimulated. All contributions submitted to AUSTRAL are subject to rigorous scientific evaluation. Indexes LivRe! | Latindex | ISN-ETH | Journal TOCs | Sumário de Revistas Brasileiras Beardsley Library Journals | Directory of Open Acess Journals | Scopus Columbia International Affairs Online | EZB - Social Science Research Center Berlin | ROAD - Directory of Open Access scholarly Resources This work was supported by the Journal Edition Supportive Program (PAEP) - UFRGS 2 Editorial Team | Equipe Editorial Editor | Editor Paulo Visentini (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) Deputy Editor | Editor Adjunto Marco Cepik (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) Editorial Board | Conselho Editorial Celso Amorim (Ministério das Relações Exteriores / NERINT, Brazil) Carlos Arturi (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) Chris Landsberg (University of Johannesburg, South Africa) Eduardo Migon (Escola de Comando e Estado-maior do Exécito, Brazil) Érico Esteves Duarte (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) Fábio Morosini (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) Gladys Lechini (Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina) Immanuel Wallerstein (Yale University, United States of America) Marcelo Milan (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) Ruchita Beri (Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, India) Edition Assistants| Assistentes de Edição Guilherme Thudium (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) João Vitor Corrêa (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) Vitória Gonzalez Rodriguez (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) Consultative Board | Conselho Consultivo Adam Habib (University of Johannesburg, South Africa) Amado Luiz Cervo (Universidade de Brasília, Brazil) Analúcia Danilevicz Pereira (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) André Luiz Reis da Silva (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) Antônio Carlos Lessa (Universidade de Brasília, Brazil) Antonio Jorge Ramalho (Universidade de Brasília, Brazil) Beatriz Bissio (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) Bertrand Badie (Sciences Po, France) Boris F. Martynov (Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia) Carlos Aurélio Pimenta de Faria (Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Brazil) Cristina Pecequilo (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil) Diego Pautasso (ESPM-Sul / Unisinos, Brazil) Henry Kam Kah (University of Buea, Cameroon) Ilter Turan (Istanbul Bilgi University, Turkey) José Ariosa Pérez (Universidad de la Habana, Cuba) José Miguel Quedi Martins (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) Liu Youfa (China Institute of International Studies, China) Lotfi Kaabi (Institut Tunisien des Études Stratégiques, Tunisia) Lucas Kerr de Oliveira (Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, Brazil) Luiz Rogério Goldoni (Escola de Comando e Estado-Maior do Exército, Brazil) Mamoudou Gazibo (Université de Montréal, Canada) Marcos Costa Lima (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil) Maria Regina Soares de Lima (IESP, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) Mehdi Parvizi Amineh (University of Amsterdam, Netherlands) Monica Hirst (Universidad Torcuato di Tella, Argentina) Nikolai Mikhailov (Russkiy Mir Foundation, Russia) Sean W. Burges (Australian National Centre for Latin American Studies, Australia) 3 ©Núcleo Brasileiro de Estratégia e Relações Internacionais - UFRGS Cover and Layout: Tiago Oliveira Baldasso AUSTRAL: Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations is available online in English and Portuguese at www.seer.ufrgs.br/austral Contact Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Faculdade de Ciências Econômicas Av. João Pessoa, 52, sala 18E - CEP 90040-000 - Centro Porto Alegre/RS - Brazil Phone: +55 51 3308.3963 | Fax: +55 51 3308.3963 E-mail: [email protected] www.seer.ufrgs.br/Austral Cataloging-in-Publication (CIP) Austral : Revista Brasileira de Estratégia e Relações Internacionais = Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Ciências Econômicas. - v. 5, n. 10 (J./Dec. 2016). – Porto Alegre: NERINT/PPGEEI/FCE/UFRGS, 2012- Semestral. ISSN 2238-6262. e-ISSN 2238-6912 1. Political Science. 2. International Relations. 3. International Politics. 4. Diplomacy. 5. Developing Countries. CDU 327 Biblioteca Gládis Wiebbelling do Amaral, Faculdade de Ciências Econômicas da UFRGS. 4 Volume 5, Number 10 (Jul./Dec. 2016) Contents Editor’s Note 7 Paulo Fagundes Visentini Framing Sino-Brazilian energy cooperation: perspectives from China 9 Cui Shoujun, Otávio Costa Miranda Interactions between the Japan Self-Defense Forces and the United 32 Nations and its repercussion to Japan’s national security Aline Chianca Dantas, Alexandre Cesar Cunha Leite The consolidation of North Korea as a nuclear power through the 48 leadership of Kim Jong Un David Morales Martinez, Cristian Pires Coelho Martins Civil Society and Regional Powers in a Changing World: the cases of 71 Brazil and India Daniela Vieira Secches, Maria Cristina Andrade Aires Maritime geopolitics as a strategic factor for regional integration in 90 South America Fernanda Pacheco De Campos Brozoski, Raphael Padula South Africa and regional stability in the Mbeki era: the nexus 108 between personality and geo-political and economic concerns in foreign policy making Olajide Olayemi Akanji The evolution of Peacekeeping: Suez, Rwanda and Democratic 122 Republic of the Congo Maria Fernanda Affonso Leal, Rafael Santin, David Almstadter de Magalhães From “Failed State” to exporter of security? Colombia and the 148 diplomacy of security Esteban Arratia Sandoval National defense policy and the protection of the critical energy 173 infrastructure in Brazil Iure Paiva 5 Current overview and future perspectives on integrated defense 199 logistics in South America: opportunities for the regional defence industry Edson Aita, Álvaro Vasconcelos Studart, Marcos Aurelio Guedes de Oliveira UNASUR in a comparative light: the relations with Venezuela and 229 Colombia Fabio Luis Barbosa Dos Santos Bolivarian foreign policy: Venezuela´s international insertion during 252 Hugo Chávez Frías first-two mandates (1999-2007) Pedro Henrique de Moraes Cicero Partners 271 Submission Standards / Previous Issues 274 The responsibility for the content of the articles is of their respective authors. A responsabilidade do conteúdo dos artigos é de seus respectivos autores. Austral: Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations e-ISSN 2238-6912 | ISSN 2238-6262| v.5, n.10, Jul./Dec. 2016 6 Austral: Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations e-ISSN 2238-6912 | ISSN 2238-6262| v.5, n.10, Jul./Dec. 2016 | p.7-9 EDITOR’S NOTE Paulo Visentini1 With its 10th edition, AUSTRAL: Brazilian Journal of Strategy & In- ternational Relations, completes 5 years of existence. Since its inception, it has been publishing dense and prospective analytical articles, written by Pro- fessors and Doctors, renowned experts in their fields of research. The idea was initially to draw attention to a global crisis (both geographical and the- matic) in progress. Then, we addressed the acceleration of the political and economic processes of International Relations. Finally, in 2016 we can speak of a real earthquake shaking the already fragile world order. The crisis in the Middle East has undergone a remarkable evolution and transformation, particularly when it comes to the role of Turkey (with its failed coup attempt) and the Russian protagonism in Syria. NATO’s strength seems shaken, while Moscow affirms its presence with the recent retake of Aleppo by the Syrian government forces. Europe is experimenting the wors- ening of the migratory issue, the crisis of the integration and the Brexit vote, which for the first time will make a country leave the successful supranational
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