‘Were I but a man as others are’: Secrecy and Gender on the Renaissance Stage Samantha Dressel Chapman University
[email protected] Introduction In Ben Jonson’s play Epicoene, one of the young men of town says ‘That female vice should be a virtue male, / Or masculine vice a female virtue be’ (2.3.115-16).1 While Daw is speaking about silence and noise, traits which dominate Jonson’s satire, his assessment can be broadened into a range of gendered traits in the Renaissance. What is desired, or at least tolerated, in men, is generally seen as vice or sin in women. Scholars such as Ania Loomba have noted the ties between female sexuality and criminality: ‘female crime is sexual and female sexuality is itself potentially criminal’.2 I posit that a further trait of this nature is acting – much like sexuality and unrestrained speech, it is discouraged by some for even men, but is outright dangerous and criminal in women. Acting in women is paradoxically both expected and forbidden: women are natural actors and dissemblers, but for one to do so with intention is truly aberrant.3 So how does the stage, famously self-reflexive, engage with and contain this oxymoron of women’s acting? In this paper, I examine views on female acting through two plays, Ben Jonson’s Epicoene (1609-10) and William Heminge’s The Fatal Contract (1633-4), which share a twist ending whereby a main character is revealed to even the audience as a person of the opposite 1 Ben Jonson, Epicoene, or The Silent Woman, ed.