Guidelines for Providing Access to Public Transportation Stations
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144 pages; Perfect Bind with SPINE COPY = 24.75 pts (can reduce type to 12 pts); ***UPDATE PAGE COUNT = FM + PAGES * ONLY ADJUST SPINE FOR McARDLE JOBS*** TRANSIT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH TCRP PROGRAM REPORT 153 Sponsored by the Federal Transit Administration Guidelines for Providing Access to Public Transportation Stations TCRP OVERSIGHT AND PROJECT TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD 2012 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE* SELECTION COMMITTEE* CHAIR OFFICERS Keith Parker CHAIR: Sandra Rosenbloom, Professor of Planning, University of Arizona, Tucson VIA Metropolitan Transit VICE CHAIR: Deborah H. Butler, Executive Vice President, Planning, and CIO, Norfolk Southern MEMBERS Corporation, Norfolk, VA EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Robert E. Skinner, Jr., Transportation Research Board John Bartosiewicz McDonald Transit Associates MEMBERS Michael Blaylock Jacksonville Transportation Authority J. Barry Barker, Executive Director, Transit Authority of River City, Louisville, KY Raul Bravo William A.V. Clark, Professor of Geography and Professor of Statistics, Department of Geography, Raul V. Bravo & Associates University of California, Los Angeles Terry Garcia Crews Eugene A. Conti, Jr., Secretary of Transportation, North Carolina DOT, Raleigh Metro Cincinnati James M. Crites, Executive Vice President of Operations, Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport, TX Carolyn Flowers Charlotte Area Transit System Paula J. C. Hammond, Secretary, Washington State DOT, Olympia Angela Iannuzziello Michael W. Hancock, Secretary, Kentucky Transportation Cabinet, Frankfort Genivar Consultants Chris T. Hendrickson, Duquesne Light Professor of Engineering, Carnegie-Mellon University, John Inglish Pittsburgh, PA Utah Transit Authority Adib K. Kanafani, Professor of the Graduate School, University of California, Berkeley Paul Jablonski Gary P. LaGrange, President and CEO, Port of New Orleans, LA San Diego Metropolitan Transit System Michael P. Lewis, Director, Rhode Island DOT, Providence Sherry Little Susan Martinovich, Director, Nevada DOT, Carson City Spartan Solutions LLC Joan McDonald, Commissioner, New York State DOT, Albany Jonathan H. McDonald HNTB Corporation Michael R. Morris, Director of Transportation, North Central Texas Council of Governments, Arlington Gary W. McNeil Neil J. Pedersen, Consultant, Silver Spring, MD GO Transit Tracy L. Rosser, Vice President, Regional General Manager, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., Mandeville, LA Bradford Miller Henry G. (Gerry) Schwartz, Jr., Chairman (retired), Jacobs/Sverdrup Civil, Inc., St. Louis, MO Pinellas Suncoast Transit Authority Beverly A. Scott, General Manager and CEO, Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority, Atlanta, GA Frank Otero David Seltzer, Principal, Mercator Advisors LLC, Philadelphia, PA PACO Technologies Kumares C. Sinha, Olson Distinguished Professor of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, Peter Rogoff West Lafayette, IN FTA Thomas K. Sorel, Commissioner, Minnesota DOT, St. Paul Jeffrey Rosenberg Daniel Sperling, Professor of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science and Policy; Director, Institute Amalgamated Transit Union Richard Sarles of Transportation Studies; and Acting Director, Energy Efficiency Center, University of California, Davis Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority Kirk T. Steudle, Director, Michigan DOT, Lansing Michael Scanlon Douglas W. Stotlar, President and CEO, Con-Way, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI San Mateo County Transit District C. Michael Walton, Ernest H. Cockrell Centennial Chair in Engineering, University of Texas, Austin James Stem United Transportation Union EX OFFICIO MEMBERS Gary Thomas Dallas Area Rapid Transit Rebecca M. Brewster, President and COO, American Transportation Research Institute, Smyrna, GA Frank Tobey Anne S. Ferro, Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, U.S.DOT First Transit LeRoy Gishi, Chief, Division of Transportation, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of the Matthew O. Tucker Interior, Washington, DC North County Transit District John T. Gray II, Senior Vice President, Policy and Economics, Association of American Railroads, Phillip Washington Washington, DC Denver Regional Transit District John C. Horsley, Executive Director, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Alice Wiggins-Tolbert Officials, Washington, DC Parsons Brinckerhoff Michael P. Huerta, Acting Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S.DOT EX OFFICIO MEMBERS David T. Matsuda, Administrator, Maritime Administration, U.S.DOT Michael P. Melaniphy, President and CEO, American Public Transportation Association, Washington, DC Michael P. Melaniphy Victor M. Mendez, Administrator, Federal Highway Administration, U.S.DOT APTA Tara O’Toole, Under Secretary for Science and Technology, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Robert E. Skinner, Jr. Washington, DC TRB John C. Horsley Robert J. Papp (Adm., U.S. Coast Guard), Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department AASHTO of Homeland Security, Washington, DC Victor Mendez Cynthia L. Quarterman, Administrator, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, FHWA U.S.DOT Peter M. Rogoff, Administrator, Federal Transit Administration, U.S.DOT TDC EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR David L. Strickland, Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, U.S.DOT Louis Sanders Joseph C. Szabo, Administrator, Federal Railroad Administration, U.S.DOT APTA Polly Trottenberg, Assistant Secretary for Transportation Policy, U.S.DOT Robert L. Van Antwerp (Lt. Gen., U.S. Army), Chief of Engineers and Commanding General, SECRETARY U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC Christopher W. Jenks Barry R. Wallerstein, Executive Officer, South Coast Air Quality Management District, TRB Diamond Bar, CA Gregory D. Winfree, Acting Administrator, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, U.S.DOT *Membership as of December 2011. *Membership as of February 2012. TRANSIT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM TCRP REPORT 153 Guidelines for Providing Access to Public Transportation Stations Kathryn Coffel Jamie Parks Conor Semler Paul Ryus KITTELSON & ASSOCIATES, INC. Portland, OR David Sampson AECOM Southport, CT Carol Kachadoorian TOOLE DESIGN GROUP, LLC Washington, DC Herbert S. Levinson Wallingford, CT Joseph L. Schofer Wilmette, IL Subscriber Categories Public Transportation • Planning and Forecasting Research sponsored by the Federal Transit Administration in cooperation with the Transit Development Corporation TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. 2012 www.TRB.org TRANSIT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM TCRP REPORT 153 The nation’s growth and the need to meet mobility, environmental, Project B-38 and energy objectives place demands on public transit systems. Current ISSN 1073-4872 systems, some of which are old and in need of upgrading, must expand ISBN 978-0-309-21396-7 service area, increase service frequency, and improve efficiency to serve Library of Congress Control Number 2012933415 these demands. Research is necessary to solve operating problems, to © 2012 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. adapt appropriate new technologies from other industries, and to intro- duce innovations into the transit industry. The Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) serves as one of the principal means by which the transit industry can develop innovative near-term solutions COPYRIGHT INFORMATION to meet demands placed on it. Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for obtaining The need for TCRP was originally identified in TRB Special Report written permissions from publishers or persons who own the copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein. 213—Research for Public Transit: New Directions, published in 1987 and based on a study sponsored by the Urban Mass Transportation Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes. Permission is given with the Administration—now the Federal Transit Admin istration (FTA). A understanding that none of the material will be used to imply TRB, AASHTO, FAA, FHWA, report by the American Public Transportation Association (APTA), FMCSA, FTA, or Transit Development Corporation endorsement of a particular product, Transportation 2000, also recognized the need for local, problem- method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this document for solving research. TCRP, modeled after the longstanding and success- educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of the material, request permission ful National Cooperative Highway Research Program, undertakes from CRP. research and other technical activities in response to the needs of tran- sit service providers. The scope of TCRP includes a variety of transit research fields including planning, service configuration, equipment, NOTICE facilities, operations, human resources, maintenance, policy, and administrative practices. The project that is the subject of this report was a part of the Transit Cooperative Research Program, conducted by the Transportation Research Board with the approval of the TCRP was established under FTA sponsorship in July 1992. Pro- Governing Board of the National Research Council. posed by the U.S. Department of Transportation, TCRP was autho- The members of the technical panel selected to monitor this project and to review this rized as part of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act report were chosen for their