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Istanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü İSTANBUL TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ « SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ JEFF WALL: SANAT TARİHİ REFERANSLI ÇAĞDAŞ UYARLAMALAR YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ Selin TUNCER Sanat Tarihi Anabilim Dalı Sanat Tarihi Programı NİSAN 2019 İSTANBUL TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ « SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ JEFF WALL: SANAT TARİHİ REFERANSLI ÇAĞDAŞ UYARLAMALAR YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ Selin TUNCER (402101005) Sanat Tarihi Anabilim Dalı Sanat Tarihi Programı Tez Danışmanı: Doç. Dr. Oğuz HAŞLAKOĞLU NİSAN 2019 İTÜ, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü’nün 402101005 numaralı Yüksek Lisans Öğrencisi Selin TUNCER’in, ilgili yönetmeliklerin belirlediği gerekli tüm şartları yerine getirdikten sonra hazırladığı “JEFF WALL: SANAT TARİHİ REFERANSLI ÇAĞDAŞ UYARLAMALAR” başlıklı tezini aşağıda imzaları olan jüri önünde başarı ile sunmuştur. Tez Danışmanı : Doç. Dr. Oğuz HAŞLAKOĞLU .............................. İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Jüri Üyeleri : Doç. Dr. Ebru YETİŞKİN ............................. İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Doç. Dr. Seza Sinanlar USLU .............................. Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Teslim Tarihi : 5 Mart 2019 Savunma Tarihi : 14 Mart 2019 iii iv ÖNSÖZ Yükseklisans eğitimim sırasında Öğr. Gör. Dr. Deniz Çalışır Pençe’den aldığım Yapıt Çözümlemeleri dersinde, İstanbul Modern’in "Suyun Bir Arada Tuttuğu" isimli sergisinde gördüğüm Jeff Wall’un ‘Bir Çiti Kesen Erkek Çocuklar’ (2003) fotoğrafını incelemiştim. Jeff Wall’un sanatını ve kavramlarını detaylı şekilde keşfetme fırsatı bulduktan sonra bu tez çalışmasını da aynı sanatçı ile ilgili yapmaya karar verdim. Çalışmam süresince konuyu Sanat Tarihi referanslı çalışmalarıyla sınırlama yolunu seçtim. Hem Jeff Wall’un Sanat Tarihçi kimliğinden gelen teorik yazılarını hem de doğrudan yaptığı göndermelerini büyük bir ilgiyle araştırdım ve bir araya topladım. Bu süreçte literatür araştırması konusunda olsun yönlendirmeleriyle olsun tezin içeriğine büyük ölçüde katkıda bulunan değerli hocam Öğr. Gör. Dr. Deniz Çalışır Pençe’ye ve tezi sonlandırmama destek olan danışmanım Doç. Dr. Oğuz Haşlakoğlu’na çok teşekkür ederim. Kasım 2018 Selin Tuncer v vi İÇİNDEKİLER Sayfa ÖNSÖZ ................................................................................................................................ v İÇİNDEKİLER ................................................................................................................. vii ŞEKİL LİSTESİ……………………………………………………………………..……ix ÖZET ................................................................................................................................ xiii SUMMARY………………………………………………………………………………xv 1. GİRİŞ ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Problemin Tanımı, Önemi, Sınırları, Amaç ve Yöntem ........................................... 1 1.2. Literatür Değerlendirmesi ......................................................................................... 4 2. JEFF WALL ................................................................................................................... 7 2.1. Biyografisi ................................................................................................................. 7 2.2. Jeff Wall’un Sanat Tarihçi Kimliği ......................................................................... 11 2.3. Jeff Wall’un Fotoğrafçı Kimliği .............................................................................. 17 3. ÇAĞDAŞ FOTOĞRAF SANATI VE JEFF WALL ................................................. 47 3.1. Kavramsal Fotoğraf ................................................................................................. 56 3.2. Kurgusal Fotoğraf .................................................................................................... 65 4. FOTOĞRAF SANATINDA UYARLAMA ................................................................ 79 4.1. Sam Taylor Wood ve Soliloquy serisi (1998–99) ................................................... 90 4.2. Joel-Peter Witkin ..................................................................................................... 92 5. JEFF WALL VE UYARLAMALARI ...................................................................... 101 5.1. Manet Uyarlamaları .............................................................................................. 101 5.2. Sanat Tarihi Işığında Diğer Uyarlamaları ............................................................ 119 6. SONUÇ ........................................................................................................................ 137 KAYNAKLAR ................................................................................................................ 141 EKLER ............................................................................................................................. 147 ÖZGEÇMİŞ .................................................................................................................... 181 vii viii ŞEKİL LİSTESİ Sayfa Şekil 2.1 : Jeff Wall, 2013…………………………………………..….…………….7 Şekil 2.2 : Jeff Wall, 2013 / Aperture Magazine için…………………...……………9 Şekil 2.3 : Sol LeWitt, Düz Çizgiler, 1969………………………………..………….9 Şekil 2.4 : Jeff Wall, siyah-beyaz portre……………………………………..……..13 Şekil 2.5 : Jeff Wall, set hazırlarken………………………………………………..14 Şekil 2.6 : Jeff Wall, Faking Death, 1977 (Görseli bulunmuş en eski çalışması) / Jacques Louis David, The Death of Socrates 1787…………………….16 Şekil 2.7 : Işıklı kutu (sergiden görünüm)…………………………………………..18 Şekil 2.8 : İzleyiciler ışık kutusu karşısında (sergiden görünüm)……………..……19 Şekil 2.9 : Jeff Wall, Double Self Portrait, 1979, lightbox, 172 x 229 cm………….20 Şekil 2.10 : Young Workers, 1983………………………………………………….21 Şekil 2.11 : Jeff Wall, çekim hazırlığında…………………………………………..21 Şekil 2.12 : A Village from Aricaköyü, 1997………………………………………23 Şekil 2.13: The Bridge, 1980……………………………………………………….23 Şekil 2.14 : The Old Prison, 1987…………………………………………………..24 Şekil 2.15 : Steves Farm, Steveston, 1980………………………………………….24 Şekil 2.16 : The Jewish Cemetery, 1980……………………………………………24 Şekil 2.17 : The Agreement, 1980’ler………………………………………...…….26 Şekil 2.18 : The Stumbling Block, 1991……………………………………………26 Şekil 2.19 : A Fight on the Sidewalk, 1994…………………………………………27 Şekil 2.20 : Man in Street, 1995…………………………………..………………...27 Şekil 2.21 : Ralph Ellison’un Görünmez Adamı’ndan yola çıkarak, prolog, 1999…28 Şekil 2.22 : Jeff Wall, A Ventriloquist at a Birthday Party in October 1947, (1990)29 Şekil 2.23 : A Sunflower, 1995…………………………………..…………………29 Şekil 2.24 : An Octopus, 1990 / Some Beans, 1990……………………………….. 30 Şekil 2.25 : Triptik çalışması, 2015…………………………………………………31 Şekil 2.26 : Dünyevi zevkler bahçesi, Hieronymus (Jerome) Bosch (1450-1506)....32 Şekil 2.27 : Odradek, Táboritská 8, Prague, 18 July, 1994………………………..32 Şekil 2.28: Afer Printemps snow, Chapter 34 , 2000-2005…………………………33 Şekil 2.29 : Bad Goods, 1984……………………………………………………….34 Şekil 2.30 : Outburst, 1989………………………………………………………….34 Şekil 2.31 : Clipped Branches, East Cordova St.,Vancouver, 1999…………..…..35 Şekil 2.32 : The Flooded Grave, 1998–2000………………………………………36 Şekil 2.33 : Fieldwork. Excavation of thefloor of a dwelling in a former, 2003….37 Şekil 2.34 : The Vampires' Picnic, 1991…………………………………..………..37 Şekil 2.35 : Passerby, 1996…………………………………………………...……38 Şekil 2.36 : Volunteer, 1996……………………………………………………….39 Şekil 2.37: Citizen, 1996…………………………………………………………..39 Şekil 2.38 : Forest, 2001…………………………………………………………...40 Şekil 2.39 : Diagonal Composition, 1993…………………………………………..40 Şekil 2.40 : Diagonal Composition No. 2, 1998……………………………………41 Şekil 2.41: Restoration, 1993………………………………………………………42 Şekil 2.42 : The Giant, 1992……………………………………………...………..43 ix Şekil 2.43 : Morning Cleaning, Mies van der Rohe Foundation, Barcelona, 199943 Şekil 2.44 : A View from an Apartment, 2004-05………………………………..44 Şekil 2.45 : Boy falls from tree, 2010……………………………………………..45 Şekil 2.46 : Changing Room, 2014………………………………………………..46 Şekil 3.1 : Alfred Stieglitz…………………………………………………………49 Şekil 3.2 : Tür ve Sanatçılara göre Çağdaş Fotoğraf……………………………….50 Şekil 3.3: Japanese Sky I (The bleacher series), 1988………………………….....53 Şekil 3.4 : Douglas Huebler (1924-1997), Variable Piece #101………………….57 Şekil 3.5 : Bernd Becher and Hilla Becher, 'Pitheads' 1974………………………..59 Şekil 3.6 : Thomas Struth……………………………………………..……………59 Şekil 3.7 : William Eggleston, 1965………………………………………………..62 Şekil 3.8 : Joel Meyerowitz, 1976…………………………………………………62 Şekil 3.9 : Roy Arden, Soil Compactor, 1993………………………………………64 Şekil 3.10 : Constantinos Taliotis…………………………………………………..72 Şekil 3.11 : Wang Qingsong………………………………………………………..72 Şekil 3.12 : Annie Leibovitz, Kirsten Dunst,Vogue, 2006………………………....73 Şekil 3.13 : Gregory Crewdson…………………………………………………….74 Şekil 3.14 : Gregory Crewdson…………………………………………………….74 Şekil 3.15 : Gregory Crewdson…………………………………………………….75 Şekil 3.16 : Jeff Wall, Milk, 1984………………………………………………….76 Şekil 3.17 : Jeff Wall, Eviction Struggle, 1988…………………………………….77 Şekil 4.1 : Sherrie Levine…………………………………………………………..80 Şekil 4.2: Velazquez, ‘Las Meninas’, 1656………………………………………..81 Şekil 4.3: Picasso, Velazquez’den sonra Las Meninas, 1957……………………....81 Şekil 4.4 : Avni Lifij’den bir uzanan nü uyarlaması-Ingres ‘Odalisque’ ve Manet...82 Şekil 4.5 : André Lhote, Odalık. / Haşmet Akal, Odalık…………………………..83 Şekil 4.6 : Y. Morimura, 1990……………………………………………………...83 Şekil 4.7 : Katarzyna Kozyra, Olympia, 1996……………………………………..84 Şekil 4.8 : Victor Burgin, 1982…………………………………………………….84 Şekil 4.9 : Jeff Wall, 1982………………………………………………………….85 Şekil 4.10 :
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