conference between MPC, SWAPO and Administrator-General, May 11 - 13, 1984

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Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org Lusaka conference between MPC, SWAPO and Administrator-General, May 11 - 13, 1984

Date 1984-06-06 Resource type Reports Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) South Africa, Zambia, , Southern Africa (region), Southern Africa (region) Coverage (temporal) 1984 Source Digital Imaging South Africa (DISA) Rights required Description A report from the Lusaka Conference where discussions took place among the leaders of South West Africa for a negotiated settlement in the territory Format extent 58 pages (length/size)

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http://www.aluka.org Afskrif .... van 37

Afskrif .... van 37 MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND INFORMATION 1718 Hendrik Verwoerd Building - Cape Town 8001 Tel 455848 MB 10/1/8 84060601k15 6June1984 league :ONFERENCE BETWEEN MPC, SWAPO AND 'RATOR-GENERAL 11-13 MAY 1984 ation: Conference Programme. Ling Statement of Dr Kenneth Kaunda on 11 May 1984. Ling Statement of the Administrator-General on lay 1984. iing remarks by Moses Katjioungua of the MPC. '0 statement to the Conference. )ian and SWAPO draft versions of the Lusaka .aration, il draft of the Lusaka Declaration. Lcial press statement on the Conference, on 12 May I. 5rt of the Administrator-General on the Conference. Lcle from the Cape Argus of 15 May 1984. :ement by the Prime Minister of 15 May 1984. statements of 15 and 16 May 1984.

SECRET 2 .rence in Lusaka from 11 - 13 May 1984 took place :he background of statements by the South African Lt that it would not stand in the way of a meeting :he Multi- Party Conference (MPC), SWAPO and the ,ator-General of South West Africa. ie Lusaka Meetings of 16 February 1984 and 25 April !sident Kaunda took the initiative in raising the .ty of talks between the MPC, SWAPO and the ,ator- General. This proposal was pursued in ns between the Office of the Administrator-General ambian Government on 3 and 4 May 1984. The Lt arrangements in this regard were confirmed Le visit of .Minister Phiri of Zambia, to Cape Town 1984. In terms of these arrangements, the -ator-General and President Kaunda would co-chair ised meeting, and the delegations of the MPC and 11d be restricted to 29 members each. The agenda :lude the following: chievement of independence for South West Africa .. the question of implementation of Resolution 435 ther related matters. Late of the next meeting. 'reed, moreover, that the shape of the table would or oblong, with President Kaunda, the 'ator-General, SWAPO and the MPC delegations along ;. (SWAPO and the MPC would, however, not be on sides.) There would also be representatives of and the Frontline States present in Lusaka at the :he Conference, though it was not contemplated that uld gain admission to the Conference itself. Administrator-General was not going to Lusaka as sentative of the South African Government, but as istrator-General of the Territory, the meeting be construed as one between SWAPO and South ng was held in Lusaka from 11 - 13 May 1984, and h the MPC delegation raising objections

SECRET 3 size of the SWAPO delegation (which comprised 36 her than 29 delegates), and presence of 4 SWANU "Progressives" in the SWAPO egation. . onse to the former objection, SWAPO agreed to excuse s own delegates, but with the MPC continuing to the presence of the 4 SWANU "progressives", the proceeded, voluntarily, to excuse themselves. The elegation was, accordingly, reduced to 26 - 19 SWAPO , and 7 members from splinter organizations that had themselves with SWAPO, viz. NCDP, Damara Council, a Council, the ELKSWA and NPPN. nt Kaunda and the Administrator-General, as well as ders of the delegations, of SWAPO and atjiuongua of the MPC, delivered introductory s, all of which seemingly augured well for the of the talks. Nujoma, in particular, assumed an ly conciliatory position, and appealed to all to use ue opportunity the meeting afforded, to put an end bloodshed and destruction that had ravaged the , He took time, also, to address the white ty, assuring them that SWAPO's doors were open to d that it was not them that SWAPO had been fighting, her "the colonial system and apartheid policies in pproximately thirty hours of talks a declaration known as "the Lusaka Declaration on the dence of Namibia", and was presented to the nce in draft form for signature. In terms of this tion, the parties would agree, inter alia, to: independence of Namibia without delay and without introduction of "extraneous matters"; immediate ceasefire and cessation of hostilities ween SWAPO and South Africa; promotion of reconciliation, unity and peace for benefit of all the people of Namibia;

SECRET 4 rity Council Resolution 435 (1978) as "the only s for the peaceful achievement of independence of bia"; and licy of non-alignment in terms of which an pendent Namibia would endeavour to maintain and ote peaceful relations with all its neighbours, uding South Africa. re only two major points of disagreement: D's insistence that the presence of Cuban forces ,igola should be specifically recorded as extraneous he question of Namibian independence; and 4PC's dissatisfaction with the U.N.'s continuing of impartiality. i was however devised in terms of which both vould "agree to disagree" on these points. Less, much to the surprise of the Conference, its co-Chairman, President Kaunda, Nujoma, at the !nt, refused to sign the Declaration. Instead, he a vitriolic attack on the MPC during the course of claimed that two of its members, Messrs D Mudge Zijl, were South Africans even though they were outh West Africa. He added: came to Namibia barefoot, and now you are .onaires because you exploited cheap black labour. iave blood on your hands and on your hair, and for you will pay with your own blood." , to the Zambians, Nujoma's volte face occurred ly after SWAPO delegates consulted with a "certain , who, it is suspected, was a special emissary usaka by the Soviet Union, to "advise" SWAPO ,e talks. nothwithstanding this failure to reach agreement, ng cannot, for the following reasons, be regarded essful: z 0 SECRET 5 )ite the rhetorical position SWAPO had adopted, it down, at the same conference table with a visibly ,pendent MPC delegation, which was clearly not part :he Administrator-General's delegation. For the ;t time, the leaders of South West Africa held Line discussions concerning the future of the itory, and, as indicated above, came close to iing a joint declaration on its independence. :her the MPC nor the Administrator-General is being ied by the Zambians for the fact that the Conference not conclude with an agreement. On the contrary '0 was clearly responsible for the lack of progress. Zambians envisaged the possibility of a further id of talks. According to President Kaunda, the :ing came within a day "of reaching something :hwhile". It also represented a "neutral -aligned" approach to the problems of the territory, had, in the process drawn the various factions er to one another. claim of SWAPO to be the "sole representative" of people of South West Africa was significantly !rmined. The arrangements for the Conference, .uding the official programme, made it clear that MPC delegation enjoyed an equal and independent .uS. same time, however, it was evident that Zambia still .ed closely with SWAPO and saw the Conference as a installing it in power through a peaceful Together with Angola, it was also hoping to South Africa with a unanimous appeal from the of the Territory for early independence, preferably )asis of Security Council Resolution 435 and without .thdrawal. objective, on the other hand, was to try to isolate and split it over the question of Cuban withdrawal rola. This it hoped to do by including other in its delegation (inter alia the Damara Council !l members of SWANU) and by inviting a cross- section -al parties and individuals to be present in Lusaka.

SECRET 6 rted disinformation campaign was launched (probably 1O and the USSR) to confuse world opinion over the )urse of events in Lusaka. This campaign centred on -ions in the CAPE ARGUS of 15 May 1984 to the effect and others had held direct talks with SWAPO in on 25 April 1984, and also that an offer had earlier Lde by the Prime Minister to SWAPO with regard to the .on of a Government of National Unity. As you will .rom the declarations of both the Prime Minister and there is no truth in either of these allegations. .nd regards

H... "U I-. V 0 0 H 0 o.. *1 o o -- .,

______'-V.-' j~ ~ NT BY HIS EXCELLENCY THE PRESIDENT, DR. KENNETH AUNA, DELIVERED AT THE OPENING OF THE NAMIBIA DENCE TALKS IN LUSAKA ON 11TH MAY, 1984o

'man, d Delegates, i en-Sisters. idresbing -ths.po ..- -Tks to you my very deal' eague and brother, the Administrstnsnem1 of the Namibia, your delegation, the'people of NeiibaL..and *...... ddressing these opening remarks to you Comrade.* SWAPO of Namibia, your delegation end thepeople ddressing these opening remarks to each and.every y very dear brothers and sisters whao are ell my. .and colleagues in the delegation ofthe Multl-Party f Namibia and the people of Namibia. elf. of the people of Zambia, their Party and its I uelco.e you all to Zambia and to this historic t thank and praise God wjkio has made 'it possible 'et. . this manner today. We are at this momean!'oV ents. of his de sign for the people of Namibia and for if our great region of Southern Africa.. Regardless our and creed we are Hie children and one people.' accidents in God's designs. It is not an t-we aremeeting in Lusaka today. :This rust if.us present here .that .we are participants Z to the qreat design of God for Namibie and i Africao There are millions of people .in Namibia, -ica and. 4n Zambia who would have been happy .to be I to discharge..this responsibility perhaps even we are-set out.to do now, ;-ie therefore, owe-.it i..each .and everyone of .us, to -discharge this task ithe very best of our abilities. I... byyourownfreechoicq.tCV ---. Thi"ta-meti.. -and may I add that this ,ot of Gqd! . de have gdy acepted to ."V:)P.. 't.".-.). .,.;.. we.are convinced that ..DJ ...... " . mporta nt and couraqeous step forward ,to the last the road to independence of Namibia. Because are totally committed to the early independence we could not,:but respond. fevourObly. to your e ..o meet- here.. We have. always been prepared iing necessary and possible to advance-thecr"uee.ad .indp ondence f=.. Namibia. 2eting todayremIrlds Zamblans of the they and others 1n many independent Afrigan d to go throuho ,We rsemsber that it is the goal of independmice that b iought us -;pe thzrcfortz that the prtics of iamlb.a; 2stnted here todey, will be.unitej. on the . ,opel people to fight for Idnde. frcm the colonial power, which is South In Zambia hope end truet that the early independence an d nothing elue. will be the over-riding concern youp deliberations. We hope too that 'your meeting, inment ... offer. you in our country, will lead to ie. . , . : . . .* . . ..: I'could'pleasse us better" ih this 20th Anniversary Idepeneence than 'the 'mergence of N~nibit as an tid sovereign nation."- Nmtbia-is not only 6 'jambla but aigo" a country' whose pdoplt' az'e' ' linked -"to mahy in this- 'ouritj' through blond. ~that Namiibdsn, 'like Zambishs.' ~e iee :in "... -.: .... uiId-a n'atidh 'fn which allpeople, irrespect"ue Ur drcreed;"can ifve",tgether*harmoniodalV and. , the'{"E; ':' 4na,, economic and social- devlopO°OO. meetingat . time -when there have been velopments in our part of. the.worl d. r ts- m jm ;j e attention Our Tegion is clearly .in the sharp focus; tional-cotmmunity. -Your meet ing, therefore, led closely nnd nnxiously not- onl.y ;by ,the .bia, but.b the entire International whole. ion to ,recent .developments. region.al, . -. cc and security hive. .been. the key words .ary.and utterances of many of us. Indeed, ;.some have Bpok.enabout the need to,breek, called thexcycle of.,violence in Southern V cnuld ever deny the importance or -. f such on atjrtiv2. l-Jat rightly concerns .care about Pur .region is that we create. ge.'ulnfi rnd wrable stability, peace and 1.1 ou r.,countries .ard peoples. . To. do,this, lyre .the causzi.u f the .-onflict in our k to. eliminate .them., ;t,-is futile -to deal ts f th, coflI.ct -without finding a cure. .. . , , , ation. in Namlbta is certainly one of the f .the conflict in Pouthern Africa., ..The. dependence of, Namibia,,.as the elimination n. South Aficag. would,,;without, doubt, create,realistic. cli.m'te* for regional stobiity, rity. -This,. appy.turn of.svents would -also ra.of, co-operative, relationships among .the, authern Africa and see .accelerated.econom .. elopment for the benefit of all our peoples. ...

M'111'Ca or Nftmble is the litmus test es to Di of ell ProteaT.m9wt In ~auciJr Or 0 0ft ice end security and resolve to break the sof violence. As I said on the occasion of the. ion ceremony of the United Nations Institute i Mar'4h this year, the suspended birth of Namibia the single moat concretecause of insecurity trica originating from outside the national ell'the indivitual independent states in the I to NamibiB's independence-has been'a long and M.ny concerted efforts hnve been made to ie Independence of Namibia by peaceful means. .ons, we hove come close to the reelisation of i, only to see the opportunity slip away for no ,id reason. ins will, of course, record the details of the lamibla's Independence. It le not the objeotive ig to review the history of the struggle* Your i not be an occasion for apportioning blame as !lay. It should not be an occasion for retribution or recrimination. In this. regardp adopt a positive, objective and statesmen-like look forward to the future. That the meeting !mst all in this setting is very important. nge to all of yu,:the Administrator General, other Namibian Parties, not to be discouraged 'a of yesterdhy, but rather, to be inspired by, v success today,. Let it not be said bereafter er wonderful opportunity to achieve significant du'the freedom and independence of Namibia has' r no really valid reasons. /o00 of the di'fferjces between SWAPO and some Parties in Namibia, particularly those e tMultl-Party Conference. Theme differences Limate of mutual suspicion and resentment. *jally aware that the Namibian people are bjective of independence for their country. not know of any Namibian around this table Opposed the Independence of his country and rpetual occupation by South Africa. n extremely important common ground. I hope Lusaka will create iicl mate of mutual trust among the various leaders of the Namibian end lead, at least, to a unity of purpose ractical ways mnd means of achieving that It would be naive to expect total unity ion people or to make this a pre-condition dance of their country. On the other hand, Namibiens should not be permitted to be a tinued South African occupation of thiir ica has repeatedly stated that it is .lling to withdraw from Namibia and allow :o achieve its Independence. Like all !s, South Africa has accepted United Nations ll .Resolution 435 of 1978 which is the I recognized basis for the peaceful achieveIdence by Namibia. This meeting should examine up to now this Resolution has not been [s the questt'nWMof"the withdrawal of Cuban 3ola really relevant to the Independence of u all really feel threatened by Cuban Forces jhting you the Namibian people? S...

811 Upon both South Africa .andthe United States ider their positionlon this issue as the .question esence of the Cuban.Milltary Forces in Angola is xtraneous end irrelevant to Namibia's Independence* at during this-meeting, all Namibian patriots will buhdantly clear to South Africa that they disapprove sition of South Africa and the United States on this want their country to be independent irrespective appen6 to the Cubans in Angola. th Africa must listen to the Namibians on this It must not ignore their .osition and continue to the so-called linkage between Namibia's independence ithdrawal of the Cuban military forces from Angola. ly is no linkage between the two. Neither Angola ias any intention whatsoever to export those 'Cubans to Namibia now or after Ns*!blesa indapandenog, Africa to continue insisting on the so-called nd at the same time purport willingness to withdraw. bia on the basis of Resolution 435 would be grossly the Namiblans and is punishing Namibians for the have not committed. South Africa must, therefore, te its sincerity on the question of Namibia's ice now and stop putting spanners in the way to independence. of you here, South Africa, through the Adinistrator 3WAPO and the internal parties in the Milti-Party ?, have a collective responsibility and duty to bring 1ndepenedence of Namibia. You now have.an historic ;y to do so. The independence of Namibia is within Iusnd you have the goodwill of the entire international to achieve success in this endeavour. I am confident political will, mutual tolerance and patience, .y and accommodation, persistence and dedication, as shared sense of commitment to the nobie cause of independence, you will not fall. have Zambia's best wishes and good luck. Thank you.

DMINISTRATOR-GENERAL ' S OPENING STATEMENT Dur Excellency, Dr KAUNDA, President of the Republic of ; members of the Zambiandelegation; leaders and members of legation of the South West Africa People's Organisation and Lti-Party Conference; colleagues; we are gathered here Ln Lusaka, the capital city of our host nation, the Republic Aia, whose gracious President, His Excellency Dr Kenneth has contributed so much to the cause of peace in Southern Thanks to President KAUNDA's unflagging efforts to promote ind dialogue, Lusaka has indeed become, in the words of this 's ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL, "the political epicentre of Southern I politics". * are gathered, moreover, at an historically symbolic venue, ishi Hall, the Conference centre for the Southern African wment Co-ordination Conference. Mulungushi Hall is a symbol hope with which all of us approach these talks today, firstly, it, and the conference for whose meeting it was built, the emphasis in our regional relationship precisely where it o be - on development, and co- operation in order to achieve d secondly, because it was here, at Mulungushi Hall, that the of. regional accommodation which has brought us here today, n 16th and 17th February this year, with the negotiation of ungushi minute and the conclusion of the Lusaka Agreement the governments of South Africa and Angola. Without the and farsightedness of Your Excellency, Dr KAUNDA, this process lmost certainly have been stillborn. e disengagement agreement between South Africa and Angola ted in Lusaka has been implemented with a great measure of , The Joint Monitoring Commission, consisting of equal of South Africa and Agolan Forces, has now reached Ngiva, ietres from the border between Angola and South West Africa/ I Negotiations for the release of prisoners of war are far I and those who faced each other with weapons in their iave learned to stretch out those hands to one another in inding and friendship. As listed in the programme, I am to acknowledge the presence in Lusaka during these talks of an Observer mission, led by the Hon MBINDA, Member of the

'al Committee of the MPLA in charge of Foreign Relations and ding the Hon Venancio' de MOURA, the Vice Minister for ExI Relations. It would be amiss of me to omit paying tribute e enormous efforts in the cause of peace, of the Hon.Alexandre QUES, Minister of the Interior of Angola and the Hon.Roelef HA, Minister of Foreign Affairs of South Africa, both of whom laboured mightily in this endeavour, together with His Excel, the President of Zambia. The time has come to explore the possibility of expanding what lready been achieved - in particular the Nkomati Accord between bique and South Africa and the Lusaka Agreement - to include ive progress towards a settlement of the still simmering disabout the independence of South West Africa/Namibia. As Your lency, Dr KAUNDA noted on 10th March, 1984, at the graduation onies of the Institute of Namibia; and I quote:'The time has come for all of us, for the sake of security of our common region, to face even those things which we personalLy do not feel very happy about. The leaders of the South African government have to face SWAPO: SWAPO has to face the South African leaders; indeed SWAPO itself has to face the Leaders of political parties inside Namibia and the leaders f political parties inside Namibia have to face SWAPO. The .ndependence of Namibia involves the totality of the Namibian population. It cannot be pulled through by one line only and )ehind the back of others. Those who will emerge as the leaders of the will have to do so tublicly, before the eyes of Namibians and before the eyes f the whole world. The independence of the government of amibia cannot be manufactured privately by some secret hand. t cannot be donated behind the backs of the Namibian people o any one political group, be it SWAPO or the Multi-Party onference.1" our Excellency, these are words of great moment. And they , particularly, to the position on this question which my ime Minister, your Brother in Christ, Mr P W BOTHA, has taken. addrea. 4ge"South African Parliament on 31st January, 1984, I.....

Minister BOTHA noted that the Republic of South Africa has guided by four basic principles throughout the initernational te on South West Africa/Namhia. These are:I. That the territory is not and never has been part of South Africa; That the people of the territory should themselves decide on their constitutional dispensation; . That the people of the territory should have the opportunity of developing towards self-determination in circumstances of peace and security; and 1. That differences should resolved wherever possible by negotiation. 'our Excellency, and members of the Zambian delegation, leaders !mbers of the delegations of the Multi-Party Conference and the West Africa People's Organisation, Prime Minister BOTHA stated r in an address to Parliament on 27th April, 1984, and I Although my government is committed to the implementation f United Nations Security Council Resolution 435 once a firm greement on Cuban withdrawal has been reached, it must face he possibility that the Cubans may not be withdrawn from ngola for-sometime to come. Despite the progress which has pparently been made in this regard, the South African Governent cannot and will not change its position on the Cuban withrawal, nor does it believe it will be in the best interests f our region, for it to do so. In the meantime it is clear hat the people of South West Africa, including SWAPO, cannot ait indefinitely fdr a breakthrough on the Cuban question. f the political parties, including SWAPO, can in the meantime ome to agreement with regard to the future of their country, outh Africa will not stand in the way of the implementation of uch an agreement." I,. .... i -4Your Excellency, this is the challenge that confront all *nt in this Hall today, more particularly among us, the members he delegations of SWAPO and the MPC, who are Namibians-people Duth West Africa. It is their future we shall be discussing it is only reasonable and proper that they shall contribute greater part to the debate. This is an historic moment, made ible by Your Excellency's breadth of version; and, in concluding, ill, with Your Excellency's concurrence, as Chairman, commend all s and our proceedings to Almighty God, in whose hands lie the [ny of nations. May we all look forward to constructive discus sfor the ultimate benefit of the people whose leaders are re!nted in this Hall here today. iAI IJIA IN .IPZNDENOL TALKS LUjAka 10-13th May, 1984 OP&ING BAuK I Il: MOSES K. KATJIONQUA, L.....IR UF TM. D;LZGATIUN OF UZ hULTI PARTY C,,,,C2 OF NAI1IB ".A UR EXCzLLaIvCY 3',Q.2'± KAUNDA, stinguihed Members of the Zambian Government present here, ur Excellency the Administrator General of SWA/Namibia ,.Sam NUJOMA, President of SWAPO and .low Namibians of the SWAPO delegation ties and Gentlemenj. our country and amongst many of our people the name Kenneth KAUNDA well- known. As a freedom Fighter, his name is firmly identified h the continental African determination to free Africa from onialism and all forws of foreign domination, racism and apartd. As a statesman President KAUNiLA is widely respected for his sistent efforts to promote a peaceful resolution of the racialpolitical crises of Southern Africa. sident KAUNDA's new initiative to bring the Namibians - the MPC the SWAPO - and their coloniser - the Government of SA ether here in Lusaka is again an extraordinary act of political *age and wisdom. ierefore, Mr. Chairman, please allow me, on behalf of the IpC., i express our everlasting gratitude to President KAUi'UA for his ild initiative and to thank the Government of Zambia and the ,aternal people of this country for the warm welcome and the kind ispitality accorded us. have come to Lusaka in a ne;: hope of joining our compatriots 4d the peoples of Africa, as represented by Zambia, in a new and ncerted effort to eventually find a nationally acceptable and in,rnationally recognised solution to our country's independeice -oblem, we have not come here to make propaganda or to score petty ,ctical political points. ,is Conference is a new develc.ament which has produced a new feeling optimism in a situation w.,:-i everyone was practically becoming spondent, May last year Er. Sam Lrap ;'geny, the Deputy Speaker of the nyan Parliament, told a mee: .nE; of the C-mrmonwealth Parliamentary sociation in Nairobi, that 1 amibia Independence was "nowhere sight". so, in November, Dr. 'litnDos MWngwende the Foreign Minister of mbabwe, said that the international community was 'at our wit's I' about what else to do fur Namibia Independence.

Lfter his trip to, tne RSA arc amioia last year the UN Secretary leneral, Senor Javier Perez e Cuellar, was not sc, optimistic about a Namibian settlo.mtnt in ti n,r: future. !ellow delegr.tes, wZ h:r- ' .ty to p:'ove to our pople -aid to a watching world t>:.t, if %u.::':, i:ill not be the birthplace of a final solution it will lv tcl.. be th, b Lginning of a definite systematic and continuous pr.oc s . whici will soon lead to Namibia independence. Perhaps from Lu:;aka w. can move to , if the AG can guarantee the security of our .,tO-colleagues. rhe MPC was born out of the frustration of a people, who felt that,. when others were met in a position to do such for our country, we should ta-kr matters into our hands,- assert our right to speak for ourselves and make our own .1'cisions and achieve our common destiny. Since we are a Confernce and not a political alliance we do not h.ave a commcn political programme but are only united in our LOVE for our country and the nec.:ssity to debatc and agree among ourselves about the kind of fre.e Naribi. wh .: w., should like to have. It has not been any easy road. 'de have disajreed, often forcefully and sometimes bitterly about matters .-f principle and practice. Some Parties have left the Confc.roncc - we hn,-z only temporarily -, while others have joined us. We are nevertheless pIa, t.: .t we have made good progress.and ou* presence here toda:" is indicative of that and our two documents, THZ WINDHOEK DZCLA ;h.TIO,. OF 31.-30 PRINCIPLES issued on 24th February and THE BILL OF FUNDAM2NTAL RIG.TS ND OBJECTIVES of April, 19 are serious efforts to express our aspirati:.ns and are an important contribution to the determination of Namibia's constitutional future. '.r1,-.re cc=e t- I;ui.,ta with an open mind and a spirit of national !econciliation .d . firn !tAormin-.tion to nake :a,conStructhv.P contribution to the spIoedi:!g up of a process of Namibian Independence. We have no intention to be inflexible or unrealistic. W1e have not come here to score petty politics. Let's put the record 5traihtl We have stated tin,: an.n' again that the YPC accepts L CR 435 as the only concrete pl'n for Namibian in'enoederice in exictz.-ce. Thcre is no doubt or ambiguity b.Dciut tht. Our problem today is the non Implementation of Res 435 six years after its adoption and the continued condition of no peace and no settlement and the staus qou of the South African rule. Today SA rule is symbolised by "one-man-rule" of the AG. We are not happy with that. We want to govern ourselves. As we see it in the NPC the question today is not to mourn the nonimplementation of Res. 4'5 but to be realistic and practical and to seek a counter-strategy, nat an altorn-tive, based on new ideas to brak the deadlock. To 'cp o principle while being flexible on detail could do the job. For example, to re-arrange the furniture in your house is not to burn .'own the house. We beleive that, while dhc. dr. nd by the US and SA, not by the people of Namibia, to lirk '44.iribia independence to the presence of the Cuban Forces in Anfrola and the debatable position to the UN towards the various politicrl parties are obvious obstacles surrounding the implementation of Res. 435, the lack of dialogue and reconciliation among the Namibians is a factor which extremely complicates these factors. t is our Iii'm belief t.,at ialogue and communication among the amibians about the 'unua,.entals of a future Namibia and its elatinship towards its neighbours could be the counter-strategy hat could help us re.:ve u.r circuwvent the obstacles undermining ur indepeieince. No one has aziy right to force any Namibian to ork against the niational interest of hiz own country, few words to the Administrator- Gencral. Sir, for a long time now our Government Las NOT been helpful to bring about Naibian ationhood and indepcndence. ialf-bakud axid bogus solutions like antustans based on the division of our people on tribal and acial lines and the incurcernation of people because of their olitical conviction:; :.avu beer. major obstacles to Namibian national mity, freem and independoce. VCur brother, President KAUNDA, is now a recolrd for sayinG tihat he believes that today SA and its PM are erious about Namibian indepenuence. We sincerely hope that you will ot embarrass this great son of .Lfrica, lease move away from the blunders of the past and make a positive ontribution. "Play your part ana it can be done'$, as lwalimu yerere would like to put it. few words to my fellow Namibians. R are happy to see you all hore. We sincerely hope that this onference and scae of the activities preceeding the "trek'$ to uaaka have finally brought home to all of us the bitter reality iat all of us, and not just some or a few, have a contribution to make

-6 knceforth, all oi us should behave wit.hin the karometres of that ality. bomas Jefferc.- o,.ce sc.iC : "Politics, like religion, hold up )rches of uatryr--'.m Zo the ref 1u".ers of error. D hope ti.at d1cu*z;ti_,s ave nave a pote,,tial to iake a major )ntributiua tQ p &.:U .KL cessation of hostilities by all the arties conceriied, national reconciliation, national self-deterLnation and independence. e Naraibians, stand today at tne decisive cross-roads of our nations iture. If we succeed, our people, the rest of Africa, and the )rld will be happy. If we fail we shall face yet more suffering id strike, econo;ic decline and bloodshed. vie dare not fail. isaka Bhould not bcc mie anot.h.er Geneva. T2IANK YOUJ

SWAPO STATEMENT TO THE IBIA INDEPENDENCE TALKS Lusaka 10th May, 1984

SWAPO STATEMENT TO THE NAMIBIA INDEPENDENCE TALKS (our Excellency, omrade President Doctor Kenneth David Kaunda, Yesident of the Republic of Zambia, )r. Willem van Niekerk, Administrator-General, Head of the South African Delegation, -dlow Namibian Participants, 4others and Sisters, ,omrades, !IRST OF all, let me take this opportunity to express our profound thanks to you, Your Excelency, to the Party UNIP, the Government and the Icntire people of Zambia for having kindly greed to host this very important and historic meeting between the delegations of SWAPO and iouth Africa in this beautiful capital city of Lusaka. Comrade President, we are equally grateful for the warm welcome and generous iospitality extended to us all, and more specifically, for the facilities put at our disposal. It is our incere hope that all this generosity will go a long way towards making this conference a success. 11 that happens, we would, indeed, have reciprocated all the efforts you have made to bring about this conference, whose aim is the search for a just and lasting solution to the Namibian problem. Iis our hope that all of us here will leave no stone unturned to achieve that aim. Today, history has entrusted me with the pleasant task of extending a warm welcome, o this historic meeting, on behalf of the Central Committee of SWAPO and its allies, to my :ompatriots. I need hardly over-emphasize the fact that the destiny of our people - both black md white - might very well be determined by the outcome of our deliberations here at this neting. Today, we all ame presented with a unique opportunity to rise to the occassiom and to siously discuss the problems facing Namibia and its people and to put an end to the bloodbed, death and destruction which is currently ravaging our country and its people, as well as to ial prejudices and intolerance which divide and keep us apart. I sincerely believe that no NamWin, whatever his or her political persuasion, would be so callous as to wish the present ugly ate of affairs to continue indefinitely in our country. I also firmly believe that the Namibian people are capable of rising above their differences, matter how difficult this might be, to reach an understanding among themselves in order to

Comrade President, fellow participants, at this juncture I would be failing in my duty if I fid not address myself to the Namibian nation, especially the white community. By circumstances )f history and colonial legacy, the white section of our nation has found itself in a state of conflict which has created hatred and animosity between it and those of us who are black. Because of he racist policy of apartheid, we the blacks have found ourselves oppressed, exploited and ictimized by racial intolerance in all spheres of life at the hands of the whites. We have fought !ach other and continue to fight until now. SWAPO and its allies wish to state categorically, that our fight has always been against the :olonial system and apartheid policies in Namibia and not against the white community as such, dthough, unfortunately, in reality this appears to be the case. SWAPO wishes, once again, to re,sure the whites that there is room for all Narnibians, both black and white, in an independent 4amibia, a country which will be theirs as much as it will be ours. The history of national resistance of the Namibian people has been written and still ontinues to be written in blood. The successive periods of colonial occupation of our country by nperial Germany and apartheid South Africa have left scars, wounds and painful memories. crman colonial rule was characterised by systematic extermination of our people, decimakn of sections of the Namibian population, expropriation of land and property and enslavement men, women and children. Following the collapse of the German colonial power, our people fell victim tO yet another cious, repressive rule, that of apartheid South Africa which invaded Namibia in 1915 and mains there up to this day in defiance of the whole world. Need I mention the massacres of our toplc in Windhoek in 1959, Kassinga in 1978 and many others? In spite of these bitter memories and a sense of national loss suttered ny our peopte, WAPO, cognizant of its national leadership and for the sake of unity and conciliation, is prepared close the old chapter and open a new one. The new chapter will be characterised by democrati. tion of the society based on the principles of racial equality and tolerance. In this society, man rights, property rights and civil liberties of all Namibians will be protected and guaranteed ider the law. It is in recognition of these ideals that SWAPO has accepted the "Principles Dncerning the Constituent Assembly and the Constitution for an Independent Namibia", submitdby the Five Western Powers to the Security Council on 12 July, 1982. There is, however, a corresponding duty and responsibility for all the Nanuibian citizens, -luding in particular the white community, to make active individual and collective contributis towards unity and reconciliation. They must make a firm choice between Namibian izenship and South african citizenship. In the same vein, SWAPO invites those Namibians, who have fallen victim to sinister maniation and bribery by South Africa and have become witting or unwitting tools in the service of onialism against the interests of the Namibian people, to extricate themselves from this )atriotic position. SWAPO is prepared to open its doors to all and to cooperate in promoting ional conciliation and re- construction. We salute those patriots who have already responded itively to this vital call. We hope that their courageous example of patriotism will inspire others lo likewise.

-~ ~ ~ ~ - u-.*vy v5uaUA jUU 4LJ&W.y %PAsawn alignment and will endeavour to maintain and promote relationships with other states based on mutual benefit and respect. In Southern Africa, Namibia will become a member of the community of independent African states-in the region, including joining SADCC and, in pursuit of its policy of non-align. ment, maintain friendly relations with its neighbours that respect its national independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity. As far as apartheid is concerned, an independent Namibia willjoin the world community in rejecting that repugnant system. Your Excellency, I now wish to inform the Administrator-General and through him his government that I have been fully mandated by the Central Committee of SWAPO to sign a cease. fire with South Africa right at this meeting and to proceed with the overall implementation of Resolution 435 in order to bring about the independence of Namibia. Resolution 435 has been accepted by the world community as the only basis for a peaceful solution to the Namibian problem. Particularly, both SWAPO and South Africa have accepted resolution 435 as well as the "Principles Concerning the Constituent Assembly and the Constitution for an Independent Namibia". Moreover, the UN Secretary-General, in his report of 29 August 1983, confirmed that all the outstanding issues under resolution 435 have finaly been resolved. Accordingly, I strongly propose that the delegations of South Africa and SWAPO gathered here, resolve to ask the UN Secretary-General to initiate, as a matter of utmost urgency, the implementation of resolution 435, starting with the ceasefire arrangements. In conclusion, I appeal to all the participants at this historic meeting, to make the ensuing deliberations a success in the name of all the children of Namibia, their mothers, their fathers and for posterity. I thank you, once again, Comrade President, UNIP and its Government and the entire people of Zambia for all that you have done in hosting this conference. We are cognisant of the fact that not only Zambia, but Africa and the whole world are focusing on Lusaka and are holding their breath and crossing their fingers that this conference may, indeed, be a success. I THANK YOU ALL.

TELUSAKA D*ECLARATION ON THE rNEE b EO Ie representatives of the people of Namibia, namelyj the* African Peorle's Orennisation (SWAPO) and the Multipariy (MPC) met in Lusaka, Zambia, from 11th to 12th" ay, 1984 co-chair.anshiT- of the President of the Republic of Zambia ency the President Dr. K.D. KAUNDA, and the Administrator Namibia, Dr. W.A. Vnn NIEK"ERK, to ,discuss the question of ce in our country, Namibia. ERINflD over.the delay in the achievement of ce by Namibia. ERNED also that the delay haa led to the prow r in our country which hzs taken a heavy toll Lfe and property. !qG that the war situation has further oontributed tability and insecurity in both our country and Lon'. J united on the objective of immediate independence INCED of the need for all Namibians to make an ,ort to minimise misunderstan- djnes and mutual nd to promote unity for the benefit of our DO HEREBY AGREE AND DEMAND (a) the immediate independence of Namibia (b) the immediate implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolution 435' (1978) as the only basis for peaceful achievement of independence by out country as reco1nised by the International Community!

(c) an immediate cessation if hostile acts between SUAPC and South Africa forces the fir-. ct. in the process leadin, to the inde'enednce of Namibia on the basis of the Unit. & Nations Security Council Resolution -' (1970); (d) Solemnly a:id Ceoi..cally -tate that matters extcrnai to Namibia such as the presence of Cuben rilitary forces in Angola are irrelevant to Namibia and should therefor aot stand in the way of independence for our country; (2) WE FURTHER AGREE (a) to end hostile I.opaganda and any violent action against each other in order to remove suspicion and misunderstanding and create a conducive atmosphere for mutual trust and confILence in the thterest of peace and stobl..ity in our country; (b) that an indepen ent Namibia will pursue a policy of non-a~itnment &nd will endeavour to maintain and promote peaceful relations with all its nc-ghbours including South Africa. It wil.L also strive to build a democratic society based on the principles of racial equality and tolerance in which human rirhts, property rights and civil liberties of all Nanibians will be protected an, -uaranteed under the law.

( ) We request the Adinistratdr eneral to.convey this declaration to the Prime Minister of South Africa. (4) We further request the Government of the Republid of Zambia to convey this declaration to the Secretary General of the United Nations. Done at Lusaka, Zambia this 12th Day of May, 1984 LUSAKA, ZAMBIA

DrAFT THE LUjAKA DCCLARATIUN UN THE INUEPENDENC..OF NAMISIA The Conference on Namibian Independence Talks was held in Lucaka, Zambia, from 11 to 12th May, 1984, to discuss tho question of Namibia's indupcndence and attended by delegations of Zambia, South Africa, 5APG anti N',. Save the delegatiun of South Africa, participants in the conference. CONCERNED over the delay in the achiavement of independence by Namibia; CuN2ERNED also that the delay has led to the protracted war in Namibia which has taken a heavy toll on human life and propurty; NUTING that the war situation hae further contributed to the instability and insucurity in .Namibia and in tho region; FI.WLY united on the objectivu of immediate independence for Namibia; C2UVINCED of the need for all Namibians to promote unity and reconciliation for the bonefit of all the people of Namibia, (1) uO HERZBY AGREE ANJ UEMAND (a) the immediate independence'of.Namlbis (b) the immediate implemcntation of Unitd Nations. 5ccurity Council Resolution 435 (1978) as the only basis for peaceful achievument of independence of Namibia as /... rjcognisad by tha 7nturnational Community, commencing, as a first step, with a cuasafire agreement between S-iAPU anO South Africa. (u) Sulemnly and categorically stnte that matters external to Namibia such as the presence of Cuban forces in Agola should not stand in the way of independence for Namibia. 2. FUiTHER AGREE That an independent Namibia will pursue a policy of non-alignment and will endeavour to maintain and promotu poaceful relations with ell its neighbours. it will alao strive to build a democratic society booed on the principles of racial equality and tolarmnca in which uman rights, propurty rights and civil libartiu5 of all Namibians will be protoct.d and guaranteed under the law. 3, Participants request the Administrotor-General to convey this statement to the Primu Minister of South Africa. 4. Participants further request the Government of the Rcpublic of Zambia to convey this declaration to the Secrutary-General of the United Nations. Done at Lusaka, Zambia, this 12th May, 1984. LU6MI.A, ZAM@IA

THE LUSAKA DICLAPJ.TION ON Ti:.. aflDEPE7r':'!-:CE OF NLMIBIA Talks on the' independencc c7 U:'r.:ibia ,vere he.1c in Lusaka, Zambia, from 11th to 13th 1:,y, Th;. Th d lcations of Zambia, South Africa, S.'APO c.nd MPC att ndc. th)c tlkr under the co-chnirrinship of th President of t4lc -public of Zambia, His Excellency Dr. K.D. "and the Adinistrator General of N..ibia, Dr. V.,n NID,. andK. The Namibian rticipn: CONCERNED over the delay in the achievement of independence by Namibia; CONCtRNZD also that the dclay has le'd to the protracted war in our country which has taken r heavy toll on human life and property; NOTING that the war situation has further contributed to the instability and insecurity in both our country and in the region; FIRMLY united on the objective of independence of Namibia which is lonE over due; CONVINCED of the need for all Namibiann to promote reconciliation, unity and peace for the benefit of -l the people of Namibia. /S.6.

(i) DO HERlEBY AGREE ,,NL DZ:.ij D (a) the independence of Namiia without further delay an2 without the int roduction of extraneous zattt.rs. (The SV'APO delegation considers the prez ,,nce of Cuban forces in Angola is such an extraneous rzatt.,r). (b) an immediatc ceasefire and cecsntion of hostile acts between SWAPO and South African forces as the first st:.,p in the process leading to the implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolution 435 (1978). 2) VIE FURTHER AGREE (a) that all Namibians will promote reconciliation, unity and peace for the benefit of all the people of Namibia. (b) the United Nations Security Council Resolution L435 (1978) remains the only basis for the peaceful achievement of independence of Namibia. (The Multi-Party Conference, however, records its dissatisfaction with the present lack of impartiality of the U.N. vis-a-vis the v-.rious Namibian political parties and - to have the question attended to). (c) that an indepenUent Namibia will ptursue a policy of non-ali-nment and will endeavour to maintain and promote peaceful relations 3/...... o with all its nei.hbourci inclu,"in,- South Africa that rese.ect it,- nntio. al .inde.endence, sovereicnity and territorial intLrrity. It will also strive to build a derocratic society bnsed on the rrinciple cf. r~cial equality .d tolerance in which human ri-rhts, Trc;erty ri-;hts and civil liberties cf all Naribians will be protect-od and guaranteed under tht Law. 3. PARTICIPANTS request the Administrator General to convey this statement to the Prime Minister. of South Africa. 4. PARWTICIPANTS further request the Government of the Republic of Zambia to convey this declaration to the Secretary General cf the United Nations. Done at Lusaka, Zambia, this 13th Day of May, 1984 LUSA KA, ZAMBIA

PRESS STATEMENT NAMIBIA INDEPENDENCE TALKS The first session of the Namibia Independence Talks opened by President KAUNDA yesterday afternoon has adopted an agenda as follows:Achievement of the Independence of Namibia: (a) Implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolution 435 of 1978; (b) Any otner. tttaZ' The o~tJan pf the agenda was preceded by opening atatement.s from the Administrator General of Namibia, Or. Willie Van NIEKERK, the President of SWAPO, I, Sam NUJDMA and the spokesman of the Multi-Party Conference, Mr. Moses KATJIUDNGUA,. The Conference which is co-cheired by President KAUNDA and the Administrator General of Namibie went into its second day when it resumed business at Mulungushi Hall at 1100 hours this morning. The Talks are cheracterised by a seriousness of purpose by all the participating groups during both the closed session and the intensive consultations* / ..

-2 rday's session ended on a happy note when it d at 0300 hours this morning and all delegates penied President Iaunds to State House to take dinner which had to wait for them until the as of the session was completed. The Talks this morning centred on the achieveof Independence and peace for Namibia and the mentation of Resolution 435. There is growing rit of mutual confidence end trust among all elegations as the Talks continue this afternoon. IGUSHI HALL MAY, 1984. NAMIBIAN INDEPENDENCE TALKS I J'ING AT THE MULUNGUSHI CONFERENCE 1,%LL - LiJSAKA 11 - 13 MAY 1984 EGATIONS PRESENT: His Excellency, The President, Dr K Kaunda His Excellency, The Administrator- General of SWA, dr W A van Niekerk SWAPO -Wrfi Party Conference overleaf for list of names he Meeting started at 12h30 on 11 May 1984 at the ulungushi Conference Hall. resident Kaunda welcomed the various delegations, especially he Administrator- General, to the discussions and apologized or the delay in the start. . then addressed the MPC and said that Chief Munjuku had poken to him in person: " He is a believer and I am a belieir." He stated that Chief Munjuku had stated that he was not member of SWANU. resident Kaunda then expressed the idea that the meeting iould continue because he had a dinner waiting for the guests State House. !called on the Administrator-General to deliver his speech. .van Niekerk. then delivered his opening address. ie President then called on Sam Nujomna to deliver his speech. LS was followed by Moses Katjiuonguals speech. esident Kaunda addressed Dr van Niekerk as Co-Chairman and ated that the three speeches had been very constructive. They d given us a very clear direction. By the way people had beved tonight, it had been demonstrated that there was a spirit give and take. e groups had been at loggerheads for a long time and we could t expect anything more than this attitude tonight. was greatfull for the spirit shown all round and was sure at it would continue. was clear he said, that, from the Administrator-General to 2/ ...... am Nujoma to Moses Katjiuongua, that there was a process of econciliation. resident Kaunda then approached the question of the agenda. he agenda was as follows:general heading - THE INDEPENDENCE OF NAMIBIA " Implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 435 " Any other matters e said that this was an agreed agenda. e further stated that as far as press releases were concerned, iscipline was important and that only through discipline would e prevent the spirit of co-operation from being destroyed. is Excellency emphasized that all press statements would be ade through the two Chairmen and only through the Office of he President. hie Administrator-General then announced that the parties should ove to State House for the banquet. resident Kaunda announced that the groups should meet at 10h45 o start at 11h00 on Saturdaymorning. ie banquet then started at 02h00 on Saturdaymorning. 3/ ......

TURDAY, 1 MAY 1984: 11HO I VAN NIEKERK: R NUJOMA: Suggested that a role of order be set up and asked Mr Nujoma and the MPC to submit a list of speakers. Mr Nujoma was requested by the AG to start. Mr Nujoma said that he would talk on behalf of SWAPO. A list of names was submitted by the MPC. As far as the first item on the agenda is concerned - Implementation of Resolution 435 SA and SWAPO with Front line, Western five contact group and UN - all agreed to 435. It is SWAPO's belief that this long outstanding issue of manipulation of 435, is due to the unwillingness of SA to put an end to the loss of life and destruction of property in Namibia. We propose immediate implementation of 435. On SWAPO side, we have a full mandate to agree here with SA on implementation of 435. I hope the AG has the same mandate, Mr Nujoma said, so that the Secretary General can be informed to go ahead with implementation. He further stated that SA had nothing to fear and that the Whites had nothing to fear. In the first place the Western five contact group were permanent representatives of the Security Council and if it appeared that Whites were being suppressed in Namibia, they could use their veto. There should be no fear. Mr.Nujoma said that all people, regardless of race, creed,

MR MUDGE: sex or religion would be looked after. He appealed to the AG as representative of the SA Government to implement Res 435 and end the bloodshed. Said that some people believed that implementation of Res 435 will in itself be a solution. We have agreed to the implementation of Res 435. It is a means to an end. It will be a platform for parties to face each other. It all depended on the spirit in which this took place. People could be friends in spight of belonging to different parties. Reconciliation was necessary. He said that we had seen civil war in other countries after independence. The ruling party must have the support of the people as well as that of the other opposition parties. This is why the MPC came to Lusaka. The MPC came in a spirit of reconciliation. He stated that they had not come to talk to the AG, they could do this in Windhoek. The MPC came to play a role. If they could not do that, they would leave. The reaction the MPC got from SWAPO was, that they would not talk to us, Mr Mudge said. They see us as part of the SA Government. We want a clear answer. If they say no, we leave. If they say yes, we stay. If we leave, S/ ......

- 5- IR NUJOMA: ,R VAN NIEKERK: ER NUJOMA: R VAN NIEKERK: RESIDENT R VAN NIEKERK: )V VAN ZYL: the violence will continue. Maybe you can carry on without the MPC, but this is an expensive experiment. On the other hand, fellow Namibians could speak together. I will respond at a later stage. Suggested that the meeting break in order to caucus. It is our right to reserve an answer to a later stage. We have an agenda and we must stick to it. Appealed to President Kaunda to state his opinion. This morning we listened to the opening remarks. In all those three, I recognized my call that SA should talk to SWAPO. SWAPO should talk to the MPC and the MPC should talk to SA. We can sit here with differing views, but as brothers. I implore that they do not force SWAPO to declare that they will speak to the MPC. Everybody is serious, we all want independence, the fact that we are here, means that we want to talk to each other. He appealed to the AdministratorGeneral that, "we stick to the agenda." Agreed with the President. Expressed his gratitude to the President for the soothing words to pass the problem, but Mr Mudge had asked SWAPO pointedly for an

- 6 DR VAN NIEKERK: MR NUJOMA: )R VAN NIEKERK: IR MUDGE: FR VAN NIEKERK: R KATJIUONGUA: answer. SWAPO chooses to reserve its decision. The world heard that SWAPO will listen to the MPC and as part of the AG'sdelegation. In this room they reserve their opinion to a later stage. SWAPO must make up its mind. Said that by the presence of the parties at this meeting, there was a de facto agreement that they would talk to each other. All Namibians want independence. SA said Namibians must reach agreement on Res 435. All this has been done. Is SA ready? We do not oppose delegates of the MPC. We have no power in Namibia. Mr Nujoma addressed Adv van Zyl directly and said that he had no power in Namibia, either. He appealed to Adv van Zyl to address the SA Government. I think that settles that. We do not want you to speak to us, because we have power. I fail to see why SWAPO cannot just say they will speak to us. I think Mr Nujoma said that he wanted to talk with thd MPC against SA. Asked two chairmen to issue a press statement in this regard. 7/ ......

-7 - DR VAN NIEKERK: PRESI DENT KAUNDA: DR VAN NIEKERK: MR NUJOMA: DR VAN NIEKERK: MR RIRUAKO: M~R CLEARY: MR KATJIUONGUA: Asked for the President's aid. Spoke to the MPC and said that they had been taken seriously and had come in their own right. He appealed to them to be reasonable. "Please do not force me to react, I may start thinking otherwise." I think we must return to the agenda. Our delegation's points on agenda are:1. Resolution 435 2. Other matters We will sign a ceasefire with SA in order to implement Res 435. We have a broad heading - under that we have Res 435. Addressed the AG and asked him to explain how he saw the implementation of Res 435. - Referred to the Prime Minister's statement in Parliament on the Namibia issue. - He stated that we were faced with the problem that the Cubans might not leave Angola. - The AG's mandatedoes not however extend to the changing of the policy of the SA Government and the SA Government was firmly committed to the idea of linkage. We agree to Res 435, today even, but how should we achieve this. The Cubans might not leave. Maybe we should be given the opportunity to discuss this strategy. We are prepared to discuss this in smaller groups. 8/ ......

R CLEARY: R GURIRAB: Z CLEARY: SGURIRAB: - Referred to the UN stand on the cessation of hostilities. He quoted paragraph 8 of the UN proposal. - It was clear he said that hostilities created destruction. This should come to an end. - A process of negotiation should take place in peace. SA responds to the acts of aggression perpetrated by SWAPO. - If SWAPO makes a statement saying they will stop hostilities, the cycle of violence will end. Referred to Mr Cleary's speech and said that it was out of context. He said that Res 435 provided a sequence of steps. It starts with a signing of a ceasefire and is followed by the rest of the plan. If SA is now saying that we should start with paragraph 8 and not paragraph 1, the whole process of Res 435 as agreed, becomes irrelevant. Referred to process of Res 435 and listed the developments up to now. Given the fact that there are different policy positions, (with specific reference to the Cuban linkage idea which the USA and SA Governments supported). It was futile to believe that people should continue to be killed because of the sequence of paragraphs in an agreement and because of policy statements. Thanked Mr Cleary for clarification of this issue. He stated that we had been talking about

-9- R RIRUAKO: RESIDENT kUNDA: this issue since 1977. The modalities of reaching a ceasefire have been agreed on. We must start at the beginning of the process. We, the MPC or any other parties, cannot have an influence on the withdrawal of Cubans - this was an Angolan issue. Res 435 is not a holy cow. There is a way to go around Res 435. We cannot remain dependent on this piece of paper for ever, just because of the linkage idea. He referred to the Angolan situation where the MPLA had dominated over UNITA, FLEC and the FNLA after independence. Fears existed in Namibia that this would happen in Namibia. He asked for adjournment to discuss possible other ways. We will adjourn until lShOO. iring lunch break various discussions took place between members f the MPC and the AG. The MPC delegation felt unhappy that WAPO had not been forced to say that it would speak to the MPC. ie AG and Mr Cleary urged them to drop this point as they were iy ahead on technical points and were at the stage of forcing 1APO into a corner, provided theydemolished them with powerfull peeches that afternoon. 10/ ......

- 10 - 15 H35 DR VAN NIEKERK: MR KAURA: The last subject under discussion was cessation of hostilities and Res 435. Asked if there were any other subjects under the heading "Namibian independence." Mr Kaura said that it was twenty years ago in Lusaka when he had been handed some bread at Lusaka railway station. As he travelled from Windhoek to Lusaka, he had thought about Zambia and how the country had moved to independence from swords to ploughshares. It had been a long time since that night in Lusaka and since then many freedom fighters had died. He then referred to the death of Clemens Kapuuo. lie said that they accepted Res 435 as the only document, but that the pages were turning dusty. It looked as if Res 435 was on the road of similar documents. The road to Res 435 was frought with problems. Soon after it had been signed, it had been violated and deviated from e.g. - the linkage issue. We were now left with the ghost of Res 435. It had been introduced by the USA and SA, not by the MPC. The MPC had not introduced the Cuban linkage issue. Mr Kaura said that SWAPO and the MPC had been marching to the beat of distant drums. He stated that he had a bone to pick with the UN for, the way it has treated its children. In Geneva the question of UN impartiality had been raised. Three Secretary Generals later, they still had not received an answer. The UN had become the cheerleader for

-11- SHIPANGA: :SIDENT only one party and at the same time had to be an uninvolved referee. The UN does not even allow certain groups to speak. He said that Res 435 had lost its essence we thus must find a common denominator. We must ignore the cheerleaders and speak with each other and not to each other. The time was now. The time had come that we should be able to say "one Namibia one Nation." Supported Mr Kaura. Expressed thanks to Zambian President for making this possible. He said that as far as Res 435 was concerned, they wanted the complete plan. This included the linkage issue. Namibia was the only colonial posession and it was an untendable position. He said that the UN and the Secretary Generals had been approached and there had been no progress. The Prime Minister had stated that if the Namibian parties come to an agreement, SA would not stand in their way. In disunity there is division. He said that they should look at their own home a little closer. Every village and every home knew of these talks. He shuddered to think what will happen if something tenable could not be brought home, to Africa and to the world. Thanked Mr Kaura and Mr Shipanga for their contributions. 12/ ......

- 12 - As far as UN importiability goes, he said that we did not have to worry about this anymore after the last talks had taken place. UN money was given for cultural and social projects. The school in Lusaka was a good example of this. lie said he wanted to display this fear of partiality. He referred to the statements that Res 435 was rusty. If this was the case, he said, then if we accept this, we accept re-negotiation of Res 435. He stated that we should now look to specific issues. As far as implementation of Res 435 was concerned, there were problems with the linkage issue. It was supported by the USA and SA. The Prime Minister was asking us here in Lusaka, that if we can agree, then he will not stand in our way. We must thus look at problems of Res 435. SWAPO had declared that they will sign a ceasefire. The time is now; your tfoops as they leave Southern Angola should be followed by the implementation of Res 435, otherwise we will all perish. Anywhere, where there is oppression as in Afghanistan and Kampuchea, we have learned lessons. Instead of running from Res 435, we must address it. I have stated publically that I believe the PM is sincere. I told Mr Nujoma this. I support you Prime Minister in this. The MPC have made a call on Res 435 implementation, he said, and he called on SWAPO to sign a ceasefire-agreement that day. 13/ ......

- 13 - President Kaunda said - supposing SWAPO declared a ceasefire for two months to show its sincerety and MPC supported this - what would happen if the Prime Minister did not support this. This was his fear. We cannot be sure of this, he stated. He proposed that:1. In accordance with the Prime Minister's call, a firm and concrete document be drawn up that all parties have agreed on: (a) Independence of Namibia;. (b) They agree on implementation of Res 435; (c) They do not link .independence with any extraneous factors; e.g. the Cubans; and (d) That RSA will tackle SWAPO on cessation of hostilities. If so, the President said that he would convey his ideas to the Prime Minister on how hostilities should end. He said that he should speak to him directly, not through this congress, but certain agreements would have to be made here, for that to happen. He said that he would report back and the other parties would do the same. He said that they could meet again in Lusaka or anywhere else. KERK: Suggested they should adjourn to study proposal. 14/ ......

R NUJOMIA: 2H00 I listened to Mr Cleary this morning on Res 435. He said that the SA Government had taken a firm decision on the linkage issue. We reject this. Namibia is a colony of SA and Angola is a sovereign state. This is a separate issue, he said. While we wait for Cuban withdrawal, we might do something constructive by ending hostilities. We cannot agree to anything however, except the whole package. We agree with the President and support these ideas. I would like to close the conference, but we have further problems. The MPC is travelling to another country. I am greatfull that they have been able to change their program. I must however express my disappointment with the AG and the MPC that they could not agree on a document which was a combination of three of the speeches. I was told that the MPC, as leaders of their parties, had to report back. I hope they return next time with a clearer mandate. I am disappointed, not angry. Next time, please come with people who are serious and who have a mandate. We will meet at 08h00 tomorrow! iring the night of 12 and 13 May, various discussions took place etween the AG, Mr Cleary, members of the MPC and Mi Phiri. 15/ ...... - 14 -

- is - was decided that there had been a misunderstanding, that ie MPC had expected to be called in by President Kaunda irlier that evening to discuss their proposals. This had )t happened. They had decided to delay their departure )r a day. : was agreed with Mr Phiri that on Sunday, there would be attempt to re-draft a document, outlining the points of ,reement between the parties, as well as the points of .sagreement. INDAY MORNING: RESIDENT Thanked the MPC for delaying their trip to ,JNDA: Libraville. He apologized to them and to the AG for the article which appeared in the Zambian Times in which Mr Gurirab had made certain statements, and Mr Mudge was forced to reply. He said that there was an agreement that only official press statements would be made. VAN NIEKERK: Delegations should now go into caucus to finalize the final document. NDAY EVENING: 19H40 ESIDENT We now come to the end of our business. I would UN-DA: like to record the following:I thank each and every one of you for the patience you have shown in working on the problems which confront Namibia. I refer to you, Mr Administrator-General. Please convey my thanks to the Prime Minister for his effort in starting to create an atmosphere of re- 16/ ......

- 16 - conciliation; by the release of Herman Toivo Ja Toivo, the ielease of IS prisoners from Mariental, the cancellation of three restriction orders on three SWAPO members. I say this knowing that SA has no right to be in Namibia and had no right to arrest these people. I am conscious though that he was not there when these decisions were taken. I know he has tried to relax the atmosphere. I know he is a serious man. These actions ensure SWAPO that he means well. I have been in touch with his government through you, Mr Administrator-General. When I speak of him as a sincere man, I might be misinterpreted, because actions speak louder than words. I still say he is sincere. Since Vorster, I have never discussed Zambian issues with anyone, always other issues. I beseech him as a brother in Christ to work on this problem. We have had three days of work to try and find a solution. You have shown SWAPO that you are serious. He then addressed the NIPC:Thank you for postponing your visit; this was not easy.- Brothers, you come from different parties with different programmes, so you cannot speak with one voice, but you have given a statement through your chairman. This was the first time that you talked with Sam Nujoma. You have shown a spirit of give and take. This will take you forward to working for Res 435. You have raised some problems. 17/ ......

- 17 - Zambia is a member of the UN - we contributed to that Resolution. That did not stop us from calling this conference. After fighting, we must talk. I hope you have not found this time wasted. He then addressed Sam Nujoma. You have been fighting a very powerfull force, and when you speak of SA, you speak of 4 million people and supporte d from the USA, Japan and Europe. You speak of western governments - which support status quo. Western governments who believe they must get strategic minerals from SA. The war has been going for 10 years now. You are men of courage and wisdom. You have stated publically that you want a non-racial society. We will have opposed you if you were biased or racial, but we support you. Please do know - you cannot continue to fight forever. You must help others to help you. You want a ceasefire. Do not close your doors. He then addressed the Administrator-General. It took us from 1957 - 1964, President Kaunda said that the key lay with Prime Minister Botha.' I praise him for this. The Prime Minister must help us by taking the inisiative. NUJOMA: I expressed my profound gratitude to you Mr President and to UNIP for your efforts and help in this Namibian problem. Zambia values the lives of people being killed at the hands of the SA Security Forces. 18/ ......

- 18 - KATJ I UONGUA: -Addressing the AG he said:"Mr Administrator-General, do not hide or play hide and seek behind the back of the MPC. You and I will go, but these countries will remain and if there is no genuine effort by you, these scars will remain. It will not be SWAPO who will be blamed for Whites position if we return. Our people are being supressed. Since Res 435 SA started playing tactical games." Turning to Dirk Mudge and Eben van Zyl he said:"You Mr Mudge and you Mr Eben van Zyl. I speak to you as leaders of the white people. I cannot guarantee what will happen to white people. I cannot guarantee their safety - it is your fault. I also address you, Moses Katjiuongua - you have been caught up in a process of suppression - you cannot help this. Thank you Mr President. Thank you Mr Administrator-General. Thank you fellow Namibians. I appeal to my colleagues to take the words of the President as food for thought. We will try our best to achieve something. We have struggled, failed and struggled again until we find victory one day. I would like to convey my thanks for the kind hospitality we have received here. I know that there is disappointment. We hope we will not leave like this next time. Thank you Mr President, Thank you Mr AdministratorGeneral and thank you fellow Namibians.

TFICIAL SWAPO DELEGATION PRESENT AT LUSAKA TALKS: 0- 13 MAY 1984 1. Sam Nujoma 2. Hendrik Witbooi 3. Nathanael G Maxidilli 4. Herman Toivo Ja Toivo 5. Moses Garo~b 6. Theo Ben Gurirab 7. Hidipo Hamutenya 8. Richard Kapelwa 9. Dr Earnest Tjiriange 0. Kapuka Nauyala 1. Dr Libertine Amathila 2. Victor Mangwiyah 3. Bartholomeus Karuaera 4. Nico Bessinger S. Philip Therije 6. Josua Hoebeb 7. HansR6hr B. Justus Garoib D. Samson Gobbs 0. Rehabeam Uazukuani 1. Charlie Hartung 2. Hage J Geingob 3. Anton Lubowski 4. Chief Munjuku II S. Pastoor Frederick 5. Aaron Shihepo