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1951 - CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2603 Henry G. Eckert, Sister Bay, Wis., in place RESIGNATION AS MEMBER poration file. There is ample reason why of Stannie Sigurdson, transferred. The SPEAKER laid before the House these letters should be made public be-· WYOMING the following communication: cause I believe, if they are kept secret, Michael J. Koski, Newcastle, Wyo., in place :MARCH 16, 1951. that the people of the country will have of H.F. Graham, resigned. Hon. SAM RAYBURN, ideas of their own. Speaker of the House of RepresentatiVes, The investigation, Mr. Speaker, should DEAR SPEAKER RAYBURN: I have. this day be continued honestly and directly and forwarded to the Governor of the State of Kentucky my resignation as Member of not be allowed to degenerate into a po­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the House of Representatives from the Sixth litical squabble. ' District of Kentucky, effective March 17, SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED MONDAY, MARCH 19, 1951 1951. , ·_ With great respect, Mr. LANE asked and was given per­ . . The House met at 12 o'clock noon. ' · Sincerely yours, · mission to address the House today for The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Bras- · THOMAS R. UNDERWOOD, 15 minutes, following any special orders kamp, D. D., offered the fallowing prayer: COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK heretofore entered. Almighty God, who art the Supreme . OF THE HOUSE Mr. WOOD of Idaho asked and was Ruler of the Universe, we have entered The SPEAKER laid before the House given permission to address the House . humbly and reverently upon Holy Week, the following communfoation from the today for 30 minutes, following any spe­ commemorating days whose sacred Clerk of the House of Representatives: cial orders heretofore entered. meaning our finite . minds can only MARCH 19, 1951. Mr. REED of New York asked and was faintly comprehend. The SPEAKER, given permission to address the House Grant that we may seek to continue House of Representatives, on Tuesday next for 30 minutes, follow­ the triumphal march of the King of Washington, D. C. . ing the legislative program and any spe­ · Srn: A certificate of election in due form of Kings .and Lord of Lords who wore no law showing the election of CLAUDE I. BAKE­ cial orders heretofore entered. crown, carried no scepter ,,or sword,. and WELL, at a special election held on March HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION 209, DEFIN· displayed none of the emblems and sym­ 9 to fill the vacancy created by the death ING CERTAIN TERMS AND BOUND· bols of temporal authority, but who had of Hon. John B. Sullivan, as a Representa­ ·ARIES in His heart the spirit of sacrificial love tive-elect to the Eighty-second Congress, lias been received and is on file in this office. ·Mr. HINSHAW. Mr. Speaker, I ask and in His hand the palm branches of Respectfully yours, unanimous consent to address the House peace and good will. RALPH R. ROBERTS, for 1 minute and to revise and extend my we pray that we may acceptHis regal Clerk of the House of Representatives. remarks. claims and have the courage to believe SWEARING IN OF MEMBER . The SPEAKER. Is there objection to that someday all mankind will be lifted The SPEAKER. If the Member-elect the request of the gentleman from Cali­ to higher levels of character and con­ will present himself at the bar of the fornia? duct through the changing and conquer­ House he may take the oath of office. 'T'here was no objection. ing power of the faith, hope, and love of Mr. BAKEWELL appeared at the bar Mr. HINSHAW. Mr. Speaker, I de­ our crucified Saviour and risen Lord. of the House and took the -0ath of office. sire to give notice to the Members from . Hear in His name. Amen. SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED the border and maritime States that I The Journal of the proceedings of Mr. CHATHAM asked and was given am today introducing a joint resolution, Thursday, March 15, 1951, was read and permission to address the House for 30 which I myself have prepared, for the approved. minutes tomorrow, following the legis­ purpose of defining certain terms, and MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT lative program and any spe'cial orders defining and extending certain bound­ heretofore entered. aries, and for other purposes. Sundry messages in writing from the Mr. ENGLE

ministration which is manned by private­ [Mr. CURTIS of Missouri addressed the Francisco carrying t~1e first shipment utility men who did us dirt in the emergency House. His remarks appear in the Ap­ of American war dead from the Pacific of World War II by curtailing materials and pendix.] equipment to REA borrowers even to the theater. On October 26. 1947, the exten t of requisitioning steam turbo genera­ VOTING B)! SERVICEMEN REGARDLESS U. S. s. Joseph E. Connolly, arrived at tors presumably for defense and then were OF AGE New York City with the first contingent left standing idle. · df war dead from the European theater. At present copper and aluminum are criti­ Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. Mr. On those 2 days, October 10 and 26, cal materials. We are asking the DEPA that Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to 1947, the American :flag was :flown at the job of allocating materials for construc­ address the House for 1 minute. halfmast over the Capitol of the United tion for rural electric systems be done by The SPEAKER. Is there objection to REA. REA has already processed and States as a symbol of the Nation's the request of the gentleman from New mourning. It is traditional that the :flag screened every construction job. By allow­ York? ing REA to do the allocating we would avoid of the United States has never :flown at furth er construction delays which nave al­ There was no objection. half-mast over the Capitol except upon ready been costly to the program. We see · . Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. Mr. the death of the President of the United no justification in letting this -while Speaker, the other day I received a letter States or a sitting Member of Congress. program bog down while pots and pans and from a man who condemns the Hall That precedent was broken on the 2 days · autos are being turned out at a high rate. bill which advocates and allows all serv­ mentioned above, and rightly so. The farmer, if anyone, needs adequate, de­ iCemen regardless of age to vote. In pendable power. We ·note that Mr. J. E. On or about March 24, 1951, the Army the same breath he called for the draft­ transport General G. M. Randall will Moore is in ch arge of power supply under ing of the 18-year-old boys. DEPA. He is the same individual who was d.ock at San Francisco carrying the first the ch ief co-op executioner during World My observation at this time is, let us contingent of American war dead from War II. The rest of the agency .is also pass a bill enabling every one of these the four branc.hes of the service back stacked with power company personnel. We boys, whom they are going to draft into from the icy mud of Korea. These are cannot get a fair shake from those boys. the Armed Forces of the United States, men of all ranks from privates to gen­ · The only salvation is to have REA do the to vote regardless of age. If they are erals, of various creeds and races, who allocating thereoy saving the additional de­ old enough to fight they are old enough died on many scattered battlefields in lays which would be caused by DE;eA ~er­ to vote. sonnel rescreening every construct10n JOb. Korea. I therefore beg of you that you do something They ought to be able to exercise their On the day this ship reaches the and do it qu ick if the rural electric co­ constitutional privilege of voting in elec­ shores of the United States, it would be operative program is to survive. tions if they are going to be drafted. a fitting gesture that would indicate the Cooperatively yours, I · believe we should consider the two mourning of the people of America to VERNON ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE, questions at the same time. I feel that :fly at half-mast, over the Capitol, the N. F. LEIFER, Manager. every young man who is drafted into the :flag of the United States. It is my hope THE ST. LOUIS ELECTION service should be able to vote. that Congress will take cognizance of Mr. LANHAM. Mr. Speaker, will the this suggestion and by joint resolution, Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. Mr. gentleman yield? Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­ or otherwise, cause our :flag to be low­ Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. I yield ered on that day. dress the House for 1 minute and to re­ to the gentleman from Georgia. vise and· extend my remarks. It is for this reason that I am intro­ Mr. LANHAM. The State of Georgia ducing a joint resolution today to offi­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to long ago permitted the 18-year-olds to the request of the gentleman from Penn• cially bring about this tribut.e to our re­ vote. turned American war dead. sylvania? Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. I am There was no objection. all for it. We should pass the Hall bill CALENDAR WEDNESDAY Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. Mr. before these 18-year-old boys are Mr. PRIEST. Mr. Speaker, I ask Speaker, it is a pleasure to welcome back drafted. Then they .will not feel they unanimous consent that the business in aboard the ship of state our colleague, are being shanghaied into the Armed order on Calendar Wednesday of this the gentleman from Missouri, Mr. Forces without having a voice in their week be dispensed with. CLAUDE I. BAKEWELL. I wonder if it own government. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to could be that in the election in st. Louis I do not know who is better qualified to the request of the gentleman from Ten­ the voters had come to the same conclu­ vote in the United States than an Amer­ nessee? sion that Jesse Jones came to, that the ican who wears his country's uniform, There was no objection. rats had got at the cheese and that the regardless of his age. PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE minority party was in a position to build Mr. LANHAM. We do not regret it a better rat trap. at all. ' Mr. RANKIN. Mr.• Speaker, I ask In that election of CLAUDE I. BAKE­ unanimous to address the House for 1 WELL in st. Louis, you might say every­ SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED minute and to revise and extend my re­ body got something out of it. The peo­ Mr. CURTIS of Missouri asked and marks and include an address by Wil­ ple got BAKEWELL and the Trumanites was given permission to addr~ss the liam Jennings Bryan. got clawed. House for 10 minutes today, following The SPEAKER. Is there objection to PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE any special orders heretofore entered. the request of the gentleman from Mis­ Mr. REES of Kansas asked and was sissippi? Mr. REECE of Tennessee. Mr. Speak­ given permission to address the House There was no objection. er I ask unanimous consent to address for 10 minutes on tomorrow, following [Mr. RANKIN addressed the House. the House for 1 minute and to revise the legislative program and any special His remarks appear in the Appendix. l and extend my remarks in the Appendix orders heretofore entered. INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZA­ . of the RECORD. Mr. BUSBEY asked and was given The SPEAKER. Is there objection TION-MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT permission to address the House for 20 OF THE UNITED STATES (H. DOC. NO. 87) to the request of the gentleman from minutes today, following any special or­ Tennessee? ders heretofore entered. The· SPEAKER laid before the House There was no objection. the follo.wing message from the Presi­ [Mr. REECE of Tennessee addressed RETURNED AMERICAN WAR DEAD dent of the United States, which was the House. His remarks appear in the Mr. BUSBEY. Mr. Speaker, I ask read, and together with the accompany­ Appendix.] unanimous consent to address the ing papers, referred to the Committee on Mr. CURTIS of Missouri. Mr. Speak­ House for 1 minute and to revise and Foreign Affairs, and ordered to be er I ask unanimous consent to address extend my remarks. printed: th'e House for 1 minute and to revise The SPEAKER. Is there objection to and extend my remarks and include the request of the gentleman from Illi­ To the House of Representatives of the extraneous matter. nois? United States: The SPEAKER. Is there objection There was no objection. In accordance with the previsions of to the request of the gentleman from Mr. BUSBEY. Mr. Speaker, on Octo­ article 19 of the constitution of the Missouri? ber 10, 1947, the United States Army International Labor Organization, which There was no objection. transport Honda Knot, arrived at San requires that each recommendation 2606 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MARCH 19 adopted at a session of the International Massachusetts to hear, determine, and River that was done under the direction and Labor Conference be brought before the render judgment upon claims arising out the supervision of the War Department, and competent authority or authprities for of certain blasting operations on the have noted in particular the so-called reso­ lution passed by the city council on Decem­ the enactment of legislation or other Merrimack River. ber 1, 1936, and approved by the mayor on action, I transmit herewith an authentic The SPEAKER. Is there objection to December 2, 1936, and especially the last text of a recommendation (No. 83) the present consideration of the bill? paragraph thereof. If you will examine this concerning the organization of the em­ Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, paragraph you will note that the city of ployment service. I transmit also, for reserving the right to object, may I in­ Lowell did not bind itself to pay any claims the information of the House, an au­ quire of the author of the bill, or some and that all it did was to agree :to save the thentic text of ·a convention

2608 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--HOUSE MARCH 19 could be maintained, and a $5,000,000 Insurance Act of 1940, as amended, as pre- shall fail diligently to prosecute the same, or cost which is, generally speaking, con­ cedes the first proviso is hereby amended upon request by the veteran, the Attorney siderably in excess of appropriations au­ to read as follows: General, in the name of the Government of "(v) (1) The Administrator is hereby au- the United States, may proceed therewith, in thorized under bills on the Consent thorized and directed, upon application by which event one-third of any recovery.in said Calendar. the insured and proof of good health satis- action shall be paid over to the veteran and I am informed that in the State of Vir­ factory to the Administrator and payment · · two-thirds thereof shall be paid into the ginia and in nearby areas veterans who of such extra premium as the Administrator Treasury of the United States. are Negroes are admitted to existing hos­ shall prescribe, to include in any national "The remedy provided in this section shall pital facilities and the letter of Admin­ service life-insurance policy on the life of be in addition to any and all other penalties istrator Gray above referred to so states. the insured provisions whereby an insured imposed by law." who is shown to have· become totally dis- There is no showing of critical need for abled for a period of six consecutive months The bill was ordered to be engrossed additional facilities for veterans who are or more commencing after the date of sucn. and read a third time, was read the Negroes as such. If the idea is to con­ application and before attaining the age of • third time, and passed, and a motion to centrate Negroes now in other veterans' 60 and while the payment of any premium reconsider was laid on the table. hospitals in North Carolina, Maryland, is not in default, shall be paid monthly dis- USE OF DIVIDENDS TO p Ay PREMIUMS West Virginia, Virginia, and the Dis­ ability benefits from the first day of the trict of Columbia in this hospital it seventh consecutive month of and during the ON NATIONAL SERVICE LIFE INSUR- would only build up segregation the continuance of such total disability of not ANCE more, contrary to the definite policy less than $5 nor more than $10 (in multiples The Clerk called the bill ill

•', . -1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 2619 the right at any time to repeal it by of the Congress, declaring that the further The SPEAKER. Is there objection to joint resolution or by enactment of a continuance of the authority granted by this the request of the gentleman from Ken­ bill. As a matter of fact, this very reso­ title is not necessary because of the exist­ ence of an emergency, whichever date is the tucky? lution says in so many words that the earlier; except that as to rights or liabilities There was no objection. law is extended until June 30, 1951, or incurred prior to such termination date, the The Clerk read the joint resolution as until such date fixed by proclamation of provisions of this title and regulations, or­ follows: the President sooner terminating it or ders, and requirements thereunder shall be Resolved, etc., That section 204 (f) of the by joint action of the Congress. treated as still remaining in force for the Housing and Rent Act of 1947, as amended, I was somewhat amused to hear a little · purpose of sustaining any proper suit or is amended to read as follows : earlier in the day that in England there action with respect to any such right or "(f) The provisions of this title shall is no building of dwellings. The gentle­ liability." cease to be in effect at the close of June 30, 1951, or upon the date of a proclama­ man told you he had observed that about The CHAIRMAN. If there are no tion by the President or upon the date a year ago when he was in England. I amendments, under the rule, the Com­ specified in a concurrent resolution by the have been in England several times. The mittee rises. two Houses of the Congress, declaring that last time was on the same occasion that Accordingly the Committee rose; and the further continuance of the authoz:ity the gentleman from Kansas was there. the Speaker having resumed the chair, granted by this title is not necessary be­ Unfortunately he has misunderstood the Mr. HARRIS, Chairman of the Committee cause of the existence of an emergency, facts as he learned them on that occa­ of the Whole House on the State of the whichever date is the earlier; except that as to rights or liabilities incurred prior to sion. There is a restriction upon dwell­ Union, reported that that Committee, such termination date, the provisions of this ings being built in England, but the re­ having had under consideration the title and regulations, orders, and require­ striction is not against all dwellings. joint resolution (H. J. Res. 196) to con­ ments thereunder shall be treated as still The restriction requires that rental tinue for a temporary period the provi­ remaining in force for the purpose of sus­ dwellings for the low-income groups be sions of the Housing and Rent Act of taining any proper suit or action with re­ built first, and there is a ratio set. Only 1947, as amended, pursuant to House spect to any such right or liability." one out of every four units can be built Resolution 169, he reported the joint The Senate joint resolution was or· for a private home owner's use; in other resolution back to the . House. dered to be read a third time, and was words, that means three are built for The SPEAKER. Under the rule, the read the third time, and passed, and a rental for every one that a man might previous question is ordered. motion to reconsider was laid on the build for himself. We have no such The question is on the engrossment table. limitation in 'this country and 'we will · and third reading of the joint resolu­ By unanimous consent, the proceed­ have no such limitation and there is tion. ings by which House Joint Resolution no such limitation in this resolution. The joint resolution was ordered to 196 was passed were vacated, and that I now call your attention to one other be engrossed and read a third time, and joint resolution was laid on the table. thing. If rent control goes out of ex­ was read the third time. istence on March 31, the Office of Rent Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I of­ GENERAL LEAVE TO EXTEND REMARKS Control will nevertheless co~tinue until f er a motion to recommit. Mr. SPENCE .. Mr. Speaker, I ask June 30 under existing law which will The SPEAKER. Is the gentleman unanimous consent that all Members remain unchanged if we should by opposed to the joint resolution? may have five legislative days in which chance defeat this resolution. The Mr. WOLCOTT. I am, Mr. Speaker. to extend their remarks on the joint Office of Rent Control will continue to The SPEAKER. The Clerk will re­ resolution just passed. function until June 30 nevertheless; so, port the motion to recommit. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to those of you who have some peculiar dis­ The Clerk read as follows: the request of the gentleman from. like for that particular administrative Mr. WoLCoTT moves to recom.mit House Kentucky? agency, get out of your heads the idea Joint Resolution 196 to the Committee on There was no objection. that if you should defeat this resolution Banking and Currency. SPECIAL ORDER you are going to put that agency out of The SPEAKER. Without objection, business. It will continue nevertheless The SPEAKER. Under previous or­ the previous question is ordered. der of the House, the gentleman from until June 30. There was no objection. I say to you that you should continue Pennsylvania [Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR.l The SPEAKER. The question is on is recognized for 30 minutes. the existing law until June 30 because, . the motion to recommit. as has been said to you earlier in the (Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR., asked and The motion to recommit was re­ was given permission to revise and ex­ day by the chairman of our committee, jected. we intend very soon to start public hear­ tend his remarks and include extrane­ The SPEAKER. The question is on ous matter.) ings on the question of amendments to the passage of the joint resolution. the Defense Production Act. At that The joint resolution was passed. THE SITUATION IN ASIA time we will consider the entire control A motion to reconsider was laid on the Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. Mr. situation, not merely with reference to table. Speaker, the situation in Asia is still rents but with reference to commodities, Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I ask that of an aimless conflict conducted with reference to foodstuffs, with refer­ unanimous consent for the immediate with great bravery in the field but with­ ence to clothing. The entire over-all na­ consideration of the joint resolution (S. out a foreseeable end, without direction tional control problem in all of its facets J. Res. 39) to continue for a temporary at home on the part of the administra­ will be presented to our committee at period the provisions of the Housing and tion's leaders, or on the part of the that time, and we hope to bring before Rent Act of 1947, as amended. probably well-intentioned Committee on you after that is done a bill which can The Clerk read the title of the joint Good Offices of the United Nations and give the country the kind of controls resolution. the other committee of the United Na­ that it needs and only those that it The SPEAKER. Is there objection to tions which has been meeting for over needs. the request of the gentleman from Ken­ 6 weeks to devise what sanctions, if any, The CHAIRMAN. The time of the tucky? are to be invoked against the Chinese gentleman from New York has expired. Mr. WOLCOTT. Reserving the right Reds. All time has expired. to object, Mr. Speaker, may I ask the If we are at war, and I think most of The Clerk will read the joint resolu­ chairman of the Committee on Banking the Members of the House will agree tion for amendment. that we are, the question is how to win The Clerk read as follows: and Currency if this joint resolution is identical with the House joint resolu­ it. If peace is desirable, and I am sure Resolved, etc., That section 204 (f) of the tion just passed? we all agree it is, the question is how Housing and Rent Act of 1947, as amended, If is amended to read as follows: Mr. SPENCE. I understand the Sen­ to get it. we are to win the war, it "(f) The provisions of this title shall ate joint resolution is identical with the seems to me we ought to be willing to cease to be in effect at the close of June 30, House joint resolution. No amendment accept the aid of Asiatic nations who 1951, or upon the date of a proclamation by was made to the Senate joint resolution are anti-Communist. It seems to me the President or upon the date specified in and no amendment was made to the · we should back the free Chinese on For­ a concurrent resolution by the two Houses House joint resolution. mosa. By ·backing them we might well 2620 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· -HOUSE MARCH t9 find them the spearhead which wm stir occur during each of the days which 'Mr. ·HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. · I would up all China to revolt and keep Stalin follow this day when we must never for- say to the gentleman from Wisconsin so busy at home that h'e will not have get that an average of 200 United Na- that I have been in Korea on active duty the time nor the energy to make more tions forces daily are becoming casual- in ·combat areas. !"have talked to many mischief abroad. ties, killed, wounded or missing. GI's and officers. The confusion as to This in turn might relieve the pres­ The President's own obstinate attitude what we are :fighting for on their part is sure on Europe and might help to bring on the thirty-eighth parallel matter is very great. Oi:l the basis of· the way in about a solution to this question of increasing the confusion. He takes the which the war is presently being con­ · which is the most important in the con­ position that it is a question of tactical ducted. there is· no chance whatever for tainment of communism, Europe or decision to be made by the commander reasonable peace on the field of battle. Asia? As a matter of fact, the real on the field. A recent editorial in a Something more has to be done at Wash­ present question is: Where now is the Washington newspaper points out that ington and in the UN. active military sector? The answer is this is not a tactical decision at all and Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin. I should that the active military sector is Asia. quqtes with approval General MacAr- like to say also, if the gentleman will yield If we fought there intelligently with the thur's own statement. I quote: further, that it seems to me that the tax- use of those allies who are -willing to The problem involved requires much m·ore payers of the United States are assuming do some of our fighting with us and fundamental decisions than are within my • a terrific burden because in the event of a for. us, we mightrend that as an active authority or responsibility to make· as the - stalemate-and that is what it appears military sector, and at the same time· mil:tary commander-decisions which mus.t. will happen in a short time=-the Ameri­ reduce the pressure on all the anti-Com­ ignore the heavy cost in allied blood which can taxpayer will again . be asked to a protracted and indecisive campaign would finance a whole rehabilitation program munist forces in Europe. The Chinese entail. Nationalist forces could help the present for the south of Korea. UN forces by opening a second front in In other words, General MacArthur Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. There is south China. Eventually we are going thinks that the question of the thirty­ no doubt about that. First we blow up to have to adopt some .such policy. Why eighth parallel is most important, and the bridges, then the enemy builds a not now? it is. bridge and we blow the enemy's bridge Our present·policy, of course, has the In ariother body, Senator KNOWLAND, again; then they blow up our bridges. Navy acting in opposition to the Army of California, has said, and I quote: Then when the war is all over we will re­ because by our ·orders to the Seventh It is time for the Government to disclose build all the bridges and everything else Fleet in Formosa waters, our "bril­ upon what basis it would negotiate for peace that was damaged, and then we will sup- liant"-and I .use the word only in quo­ in Korea. . port the civilian population. That is not tation marks-foreign-policy advisers in How far shall we go? unless we devise ·a very sensible program, standing . the State Department. have accom­ some solutions which we have not yet ' Mr. PRICE. Mr . . Speaker, will the plished at least six ways of defeating publicly announced the answer is that as · ge;ntleman yield? · the American purpose and in the course - far as Korea is concerned we . are going : Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT; JR. I yield. of using the Navy to defeat the purposes on, and on, without aut:!J.ority to bomb Mr. PRICE. I do not know -whether of. anti-Communists everywhere we the enemy's supplies and bases, and on the gentleman is criticizing the c.ondUct have also been in the position of using until we again reach the boundary of of the war .in Korea or General Mac­ the Navy to force the Army and the Air the Yalu River.' And then what? And Artnur. Force and all UN forces to accept more at what cost? Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I assure casualties in Korea than ·are necessary. Upon .what terms are we prepared to tl).e gentleman I not only am not criti­ By keeping the Seventh Fleet. in For­ make peace in Korea to forestall the · ~izing the conduct of the war by General mosan waters under the' orders which needless slaughter of our own m~n with MacArthur, but that I have only the demobilize the Chinese Nationalist forces, the terrifically heavy casualties which highest praise for him. I had a 2-hour all 700 ,000 of them, the largest trained are being sustained by the enemy? luncheon with him when I was in Tokio. anti-Communist forces in Asia, this is I submit that it is not sufficient to The general then expressed great frus­ what we accomplish: First, it has hurt have on record a mere United Nations tration, ar_d his frustration must be ever our ally, free China, by preventing- its pledge of a conference in return for a so much greater now . . He has at all forces on Formosa from aiding their re-· stabilized line; I submit that it is neces- times indicated-and I am not attempt­ volting comrades on the mainland; sec­ sary to wage peace as forcefully .and as ing to quote him directly, .but I may· say ond, it is hurting the French by freeing intelligently as you' wage war; and Gen- to the gentleman he has at all times. in­ Chinese Red forces to aid Ho Chi Minh eral MacArthur l .. as time and time.again dicated a desire .to use the Chinese Na­ in Indochina. This has ·hurt European assailed the limitations upon his right tionalists, and he has indicated a com­ defense by keeping 90 percent of the of counteroffensive action in the Korean plete failure to understand why we do French professional military forces from war, which limitations he asserts cannot not accept .the aid of the Chinese Na- training duties at home; third, it has . fail to end in a stalemate. He has· tionalist forces. hurt our British allies, they have missed some opportunities themselves, by free­ warned that there ought to be no illu- Mr. PRICE. Does the gentleman· have ing Red Chinese to concentrate against sions .about the kind of campaign we are some knowledge of what our decision is Hong Kong; fourth, it has given com­ conducting, that as these Allied battle going to be in Korea after the military plete freed om of action to the Chinese lines shift back and forth we have no decision? Reds by protecting their vulnerable military objective whatever, save to Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I have southern flank from the only force they bring about as many casualties as possi- just said that it is vir:tually impossible fear, the Chinese Army on Formosa; ble and thereby to further the debilita- either to anticipate the future military fifth, this frees the Chinese Reds to hurl tion of the combat forces of the enemy decisions in Korea or even to anticipate the bulk of their forces against our men arrayed against us. rt seems to me that the political decisions in Korea, because in Korea; and, sixth, it permits the that is hardly a worth-while reason for the Government at Washington has not Red Chinese to tie down the bulk of our . involving the population of the United told the people or the general, so far as professional Army-training forces in States in war, inflation, and endless ln- I am aware, the objectives for which we Asia, thereby hurting the defense of creased mobilization, the addition ofter- are fighting in Korea either military or America and Europe. rific burdens without any foreseeable political, other than to say that we are Use of the Chinese Nationalist forces end. there to repel aggression. is long past due. It is long past the time Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin. Mr. Speak- Mr. PRICE. Does the gentleman have when it could be called an ounce of pre­ er, will the gentleman yield? . any knowledge of some sort of treaty be- vention. But I might add that an ounce Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I yield. tween the Chinese Reds and Russia that of prevention even now would be much Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin. I believe might throw us immediately into a third better than pounds and pounds of white­ the gentleman from Pennsylvania has world war if some of the movements he wash later with some more of these Seth been in Korea. From his observations now suggests are made? Richardson "snow job" boards set up on the spot, will the gentleman say that Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I can only to alibi the administration in this trag­ there is any possible chance of securing say to the gentleman that I have not edy and such future tragedies as will a reasonable peace in that ·area? yet gotten to that point in my t ri lk where 1951 ( CO_NGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE ~J21 I have made a suggestion. I am about .conclusion as to what we are fighting for Why are they not permi~ted to come in to get to it. If the gentleman had not in Korea? .and give aid either in China or direc t~y attempted to anticipate my suggestion, Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. Other in Korea? Did he get any answer at all? I would be able to tell him what I have than the general program of trying to Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I have in mind, which I shall be glad to do. contain communism, no. Our United not had any helpful information that Mr. PRICE. Of course, up to this States Ambassador to Korea wouldn't would answer that question from my ex­ point ~ can only go on what the gentle­ even admit that we were there for that perience, not even from tho:::e great en­ man has previously said. I think the purpose. He· wanted to stic~ to the emies of the Chinese Nationalists, the gentleman will concede that there has phrase "to repel aggression." On a Acheson lobby in the State Department; been great military progress on the part broad scale I am aware of the fact that not even there. of the United Nations in Korea during we are supposed to be preventing com­ Mr. CUNNINGHAM. In other words recent weeks? munism. I am not sure that continu­ they do not seem to know what they ar~ Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. Yes; of ance of the conflict on the present basis . doing themselves. cour£e, and it reflects great credit upon without an attempt to find a solution is Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I would the military, because being soldiers and the best possible way to fight communism not say they do not know what they are sailors they take their orders and they on a long-range basis. That is why :i: doing, but if they do know what they execute them. They have done magnifi­ have a suggestion to make in a few are doing they have not taken the Amer­ cently. But the morale of these people minutes. ican .people into their confidence. I has inevitably suffered because of the Mr. CUNNINGHAM. If 'we should be would say that Secretary Acheson and fact they have not the remotest idea succes3ful in Korea, including the tak­ the Acheson lobby have for so long been what further plans Mr. Truman has in ing of all of North Korea, would that be identified with the antiforces of freedom mind for them. any great advantage to the United States in China, the anti-Nationalist group, and Mr. PRICE. The gentleman is talk­ in the containment of communism and so closely sympathetic and familiar and ing about morale he observed during his if we do will we have to remain there . friendly with the Communists' point of visit to the front some weeks before the indefinitely and police North Korea if we view over there that they have found it November elections. The gentleman has desire to maintain the gains that we have quite difficult to enforce a true American not been over there for the past 4 or .5 made? Would that be the situation? position and join with the forces of free­ months, has he? Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. The mere dom in all the world. Now, we have had Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I agree capture of additional real estate would some speeches lately by Mr. Acheson and with the gentleman, I have not been over not in itself solve the problem. Mr. BURNSIDE. Mr. Speaker, will he is gradually getting on the band­ there recently. I was there in August wagon, and I would put him in the class and September, but may I also remind the gentleman yield? Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I am of recent converts, and I do not think he the gentleman that I have spent a good should be singing in the choir so soon deal of time visiting our wounded boys afraid the way the questions are coming after joining the congregation. in the hospitals. If the gentleman would at me it may so exhaust my time that I go with me to Walter Reed, Valley Forge, shall not have a chance to explain my Mr. CUNNINGHAM. I can now an­ or some of the other hospitals and in­ suggestion. I am not advocating the swer the many hundreds of letters I have terview the casualties, as I have, he withdrawal of United Nations troops been receiving that I could not answer would hear them ask: "What are we from Korea. I do have at this time an heretofore. fighting for in Korea?" It is an attempt entirely "different proposal. I yield to Mr. PRICE. Mr. Speaker, will the to answer the question which concerns the gentleman from West Virginia. gentleman yield? the gentleman just as much as it does Mr. BURNSIDE. I Should -be glad to Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I yield to ··myself that I will make' a suggestion. ask unanimous consent that the gentle­ the gentleman from Illinois. Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin. Mr. Speak­ man may continue because I think this Mr. PRICE. First of all, I appreciate er, will the gentleman· yield? is· very instructive. If we continually the gentleman's kindness and courtesy Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I yield give up real estate, we ·Would lose? in yielding to me, although I do not agree to the gentleman from Wisconsin. · Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. ·unques­ with him. I think our present policy Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin. It seems tionably.. under Secretary Acheson has been the to me the situation confronting General Mr. BURNSIDE. That is what hap­ strongest to contain communism since MacArthur is a stalemate and we are not pened to Chiang Kai-shek. If we keep he has been Secretary of State and for going to have any more to say about that on retreating we are goine to lose. It is many years preceding him. · I think he situation than we are as to whether or rather liluman nature that if a person has done a terrific job in trying to fight not we are going beyond the thirty­ keeps on retreating he never gets any­ the Communist threat throughout the eigh th parallel. The United Nations is where. I would like to bring to the at­ world, particularly in the Far . I going to make that decision. tention of the gentleman that France stated before that the real answer to the Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. There is has around 75,000 first'-line troops in question of the gentleman from Iowa has reason to believe that the United Nations Indochina, probably 40,000 more troops been made known to several committees will ultimately make some decision, but in Indochina behind them. The French­ of this Congress and the American peo­ what that will be I do not know. Up to men are fighting. Great Britain has ple insofar as it could be without viola­ now it has been a very weak-kneed de­ about 75,000 troops in Malaya that are tion for security reasons. . There are bating society, willing to allow the United fighting now. So it is not all on our definite military reasons why these States, the Turks, and our other gallant shoulders. things that the gentleman suggests have allies from a number of nations, to do Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I would not happened. No one can say that this the major part of the fighting for them rather the gentleman make that speech Government has not given aid to Chiang while other UN nations have done much in his own time. If he will ask me a Kai-shek in every form that they possi­ of the talking. I have supported the question I will try to answer it. bly could. The record does not bear out United Nations, but I must say that I Mr. BURNSIDE. I was trying to cor­ the gentleman's statement. We are as­ have many misgivings as to where they rect the impression that was given in sisting Chiang Kai-shek at the present are going from now on if they do not de­ answer to the gentleman's question. time and building up a strong Nationalist cide either to fish or cut bait in this Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I thank Army in Formosa. We are protecting matter. the gentleman. Our policies didn't help him against a Communist attack. Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, much to prevent the Chinese Nationalist will the gentleman yield? retreat. · Mr. BUSBEY. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I yield to Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Did the gentle­ gentleman yield? the gentleman from Iowa. man in his travels, as well as in his in­ Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I yield to Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Will the gen­ vestigations made while talking to these the gentleman from Illinois. tleman tell us whether or not on his trip soldiers, get any reason why the United Mr. BUSBEY. I would just like to say to Japan and Korea, as well as in con­ States Government, as well as the United in regard to the statement of the gentle .. nection with his trips to the wounded in Nations, is not supporting Chiang Kai­ man from Illinois . EMr. PRICE] that various hospitals, he has come to any shek and Nationalist Chinese troops? nothing could be further from the truth 2622 CONGRESSrONAL RECORD--HOUSE MARCH 19 because it cannot be justified on the rec .. by our Government to press !Or sanc­ right to take defensive action for the protec­ ord, and it is entirely due to this pro .. tions, nor to delve into the possibility of tion of the United Nations military forces peaceful solution. It is long past time against the airfields, supply installations, Communist thinking of the Acheson a and bases supporting the Chinese Commu­ clique ih the State Department th.at has for the President to act. I propose that nist aggression, wherever such installations brought about our trouble in the Far he immediately put before the United may be located, whether in Korea or Com­ East. Nations a formal proposal calling upon munist-dominated Chinese territory, and Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I agree all Communist forces to withdraw im­ such other sanctions as m ay be helpful in with the gentleman's statement. mediately to a .point well behind the terminating the present Korean conflict at Mr. NICHOLSON. Mr. Speaker, will Manchurian border, providing that if the an earlier date than would be possible with­ the gentleman yield? Communists accept the President will out the application of such sanctions; and then recommend to the United Nations further Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I yield to Resolved, That after the authorization of the gentleman from Massachusetts. that its United Nations Korean Commis­ sanct ions against the aggressor, but before Mr. NICHOLSON. I would like to ask sion work out a plan for a free Korea, the u se of such sanctions, the President of the gentleman from Pennsylvania if it with provision for free elections and the United States should propose to the is not true that the State Department or protection of its boundaries, and with United Nations a call upon all Chinese Com­ some politicians in Washington have such economic aid as can bring about munist forces to withdraw immediately from been interfering with our military tac­ normal conditions in that tragic nation. Korea to a point behind the frontiers of tics .for the last 10 or dozen years? They Once the Communist troops have been Manchuria, coupled with the ple.dge of the withdrawn, the way would be open for United Nations to establish a trusteeship for stopped in France for 3 or 4 weeks and the interim governance and protection of let the Russians come up and grab o:ff a gradual evacuation of United Nations Korea, pending the preparation of a plan by Eastern Germany. Now when we have forces. This would be necessary to guar­ the Korea Commission of the United Nations an opportunity to do something in Ko­ antee against recurrence of aggression, for a free, united Republic of Korea, with rea then we get interference again, not not only the evacuation but ~he sub­ -provision for free elections, protection of from the military but from the State stitution of a peace-preservation force its boundaries, and such economic and mili­ Department or some of these politicians representative of all nations interested . tary aid as m ay be necessary to restore peace­ in Washington. in the preservation of peace. ful and normal conditions; and further It Resolved, That in the event of refusal by. Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I think would not be surprising if the Chi­ the Chinese Communist authorities of this the gentleman has made a very interest­ nese Reds and the North Korean Reds peace proposal by the United Nations, that ing contribution. What we gain in refuse our proposal flatly. We would . such proposal and its rejection be giv~n max­ battle we lose in stupid statesmanship. then be in a position to say to the peo~ imum publicity within Communist-domi­ Mr. BURNSIDE. Mr. Speaker, will ple of China, · to the people of Korea, nated areas, by the United Nations and by the gentleman yield further? to the world, especially to the Asiatics: the individual member nations thereof, using Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I will "We do not want to continue with the all publicity and propaganda media at their slaugh ~ Jr which is costing our enemy command; and further have to decline to yield further unless R es olved, That in the event of the refusal the gentleman asking me the question 10 to 1 or 20 to 1 for every one of our by the Chinese Communist authorities of will al~o accompany his request that I men lost; we do believe there is a chance • this peace proposal, the prompt and vigor­ may be permitted to proceed for five ad­ of waging peace in the world. We are ous u se of sanctions to punish the aggressor ditional minutes. o:ffering your Red leaders that chance. and to hasten the termination of the Korean Mr. BURNSIDE. I will be glad to. I If they refuse, the blood of ·your ·chil- conflict, be immediately put into effect by the just wanted to give the· gentleman some . dren is on their hands." United Nations, without further extended informatio.n. I spent some time in the Such a proposal brought to the at­ negotiation or delay. Far East a few years ago, and I spent tention of the Chinese people by in­ I urge upon my colleagues the sup- · some time in 1949 while making a check formation sources available to us, in­ port of such a resolution, believing that into t.nese things. The United States cluding radio, espionage, leaflets and if the Chinese Communists are today Gove cnment turned over $2,100,000,000 propaganda would not present real diffi­ looking for a way out, if they are trying in supplies to the Chiang Kai-shek gov­ culty and would e:ffectively reach them. · to save face, and if they are anxious to ernment. Unfortunately, a number of The Chinese have normal reactions to find a way to peace, surely this is an men around him sold those supplies to normal stimuli; more than anything else, act of good will which o:ffers a reason­ the Communists. I want to hasten on they hate war just as Americans do. We able solution which ought to be accept­ to say that the United States Govern­ are in the position of killing people who able to other people of good will. ment has given funds to Chiang Kai .. ought to be our friends; that is, the Mr. BURNSIDE. Mr. Speaker, will shek in Formorn. plain, ordinary Chinese, as dist'1nguished the gentleman yield? Mr. BUSBEY. Mr. Speaker, if the from Communist leaders. So far, · in Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I yield. gentleman will yield, in reply to the gen.. their eyes, we have done nothing to stop Mr. BURNSIDE. I think the gentle­ tleman I would like to say that John the killing of people who do not want to man is entirely correct. The United Carter Vincent, Owen Lattimore, and fight us. Nations did set up such a commission, Jessup, and a lot of the rest of the pro­ If the Chinese Reds withdraw, we h:we and so far the Chinese · Communists Communist clique have spent a great risked very little and gained greatly; have not shown any inclination, and I deal of time in the Far East, and that we have stopped the slaughter of our think the gentleman's idea might be very has been the trouble with our whole situ­ men and of the men of many nations; if timely because the Chinese Communists ation. they refuse, we are in far better position are getting a pretty bad licking, so they Mr. BURNSIDE. Mr. Speaker, I ask morally and spiritually,. to press for the might be anxious to yield to such a solu­ unanimous consent that the gentleman use of strong UN sanctions to bring more tion as proposed by the gentleman. may be permitted to proceed for five ad­ force to bear to shorten the war. Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I want the ditional minutes so that he may com­ The Fourteen Points of President Wil­ gentleman to understand I am not talk­ plete his statement. son weakened the German will to fight ing of an immediate cease-fire order The SPEAKER. Is there objection to and shortened World War I. It is time along the line where the troops are pres­ the request of the gentleman from West for President Truman to act, in the ently deployed. Virginia? hope of peace-in the cause of peace. Mr. BURNSIDE. I agree with the There was no objection. Therefore, I am today introducing a gentleman entirely. Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. In the resolution reading as follows: Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. Nor am principal Chinese cities transportation Resolved, That it is the sense of the House I talking about any earlier suggestion. is almost at a standstill, hospitals are of Representatives that the President of the My suggestion simply is that if the heavily overloaded, revolt and sabotage United States should, without further delay, Chinese Communists, not the North are widespread. Do not forget that the call upon the United Nations for the prompt Koreans, of any stripe, if the Chinese approval and implementation of sanctions land of China has been drained by war against the Chinese Communist aggressors, Communists will withdraw toward the for 15 straight years. including the termination of all trade rela­ Korean borders our troops, our Air Force, The United Nations Committee To tions with the Chinese Communist author!.. and our· Navy will assume a noncombat Study Sanctions Against Communist ties by member nations of the United Na.. status pending their replacement by · China has sat for 6 weeks accomplishing tions, the blockade of territory held by mili­ other occupation forces from all the nothing. No real e:ffort has been made tary force by the Chinese Communists, the peace-loving nations of the world, and 1951 C.ONGRESSJONA~ RECORD-HOUSE if such proposal is accepted we will have activated for defense housing. Again bunk. Katherine, 2, a tow-head, has just made a great gain in the world, but .if on February 8 when I obtained the name awakened in the upper berth against an­ other wall. it is refused we then have a terrific prop­ of "mink-coat Sutton" by bringmg out There's a bassinet in which Paul, 3 weeks aganda vehicle, to the Asiatic peoples the mink-coat story, I &gain brought old, cries fretfully. A curtain in the corner especially, indicating that we are not out the fact that housing was desper­ conceals the family's single closet. There is imperialistic warmongers, which, of ately needed, not only in the United a counter with closets above the chest. course, we are not, but that we are States, but also ·in our possessions out­ There are also drawers, a cupboard, a chest thinking in terms of peaceful solutions side the country. I brought out letters and a combination desk-table. Heat is fur­ as well as military force. However, if from every commandant of every naval nished by an oil cooking range. peaceful solutions are not accepted, we district in the United States, with the COMMUNITY PUMP are prepared not merely to throw the. exception of two, to the effect that hous­ Being a staff sergeant, Gene Grueschow military force of the United States ·fur­ ing was critical and that the boys were has been able · to buy on terms a small, 4 ther into the breach, but that· we will living in shacks and could not have their cubic-foot electric refrigerator. There is no suggest more help from our friends in families with tbem. I was talking about toilet. There is no wash basin. There is no the United Nations in the words of the boys who were drafted, those who sink for drinking water. The Grueschows have to walk up the street to a ·community Richard III, "Once more into the breach, had volunteered, and those who served pump used by thirty-odd other families. dear friends, once more." their present enlistments, that were not 'Yater fio'7s freely from the pu'mp except Mr. BURNSIDE. I would like to s~y revolunteering because of the housing when the pump freezes. Then Gene this in answer to what one of the gentle­ shortage. Grueschow has to go 3 miles for water. men said a little while ago. It is only Since that time I am sure most all To go to the toilet, the Grueschows have a short distance from Korea to Japan of· you ·have seen the articles in the to walk 50 or 60 yards to a community utility papers here in Washington and ·an over room. This is poorly heated, if at all. The and Port Arthur, Korea, and Sakhalin, shack has space on one side for men and on you have three arrows pointing toward the country telling about the housing the other for women. There are also show­ Japan, and that is another reason why conditions of our servicemen in Alaska. ers which often have hot water and tubs for we are very much interested in keeping In the Washington Dally ·News of doing the family laundry. · the spread of communism down and February 22, 1951, there was a full page The Grueschows are lucky because they retaining it. devoted to the Alaskan situation. It are buying their shack. They've made the Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. Does the was headed "GI sium housing in Alaska down payment and now are paying only $60 gentleman agree with General Mac­ 'a "threat to our defenses." a month on the mortgage. Of course, t:Qey still have to shell out $50 or so a month . Arthur's views, and I may say that I do, Another article .was headed ''GI fam­ for heat. ·Alld, since they're buying, they're that we should have a peace treaty with ilies in Alaska pay $100 monthly for also c!larged ..$5 a month for electricity, $5 Japan at the earliest possible moment? shacks," and they have pictures of some a mop.th· for ground rent until they buy Mr. BURNSIDE. I do. of these little one-room houses. There is the lot for the shack, and $5 a month for use Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I thank an article credited to the Scripps­ · of the utility room. Their outlay comes to Howard newspapers which is entitled only $75 a month instead of the $85 for rent the gentleman. most of the tenants pay. That's not count- Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker,.will the "Housing Fouls Up Alaskan Defense"; and another article headed " 'Dream · ing the money for heat. · gentleman yield? IN JUGS Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. I yield. houses' just dreams." · · Mr. SpeakE:9, I ask unanimous con­ Yes, the Grueschows are lucky. They're Mr. KEATING. Of course it should not like the family over on Lane Street sev­ also be pointed out that the remarks of sent to insert these articles in the RECORD e1al blocks away who don't even have a the gentleman from West Virginia, with at this point. pump. The corporal who is head of this regard to the military situation and the The SPEAKER pro· tempore