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(^ :. WINTER 2005-200^Ii- 201150 EP.Qxd 1/3/06 2:46PM Page FC2 201150_EP.qxd \ll,lQ(> 2:46 PM Page FCl (^ :. WINTER 2005-200^ii- 201150_EP.qxd 1/3/06 2:46PM Page FC2 RADIOGRAM R.C.A. COMMUNICATIONS, INC. A RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA SERVICE 'O ALL THE WORLO — BETWEEN IMPORTANT U.S.CITIE5 — TO SHIPS AT S6A Tf^' RECEIVED AT 64 BROAD STREET, NEW YOHK. AT ^JfmTT gT*Mnapn TIME B GBR1029/R RT ""^^^ ,j^ • LONDON 2 9 ^K ZZZ^ F|L. J 1) ^7^7 • LC MRS GEORGE HICKS 7113 34AVENUE JflCKSONHElGHTSNY • SAFELY BACK FROM FRANCE hUPE YOU LIKED MY PROGRfl^U.CS WITH ALL LOVE HOPE IT tmi BE TOO TERRIBLY LONG .NOW. SEORGE HICKS. L;ONFlnJViATibNCO»^f "fiess ^.fc^l i To wnure prompt artltm on Inquiries, this ongiual HAIilOGRAM: should he prewnted it tUs office of Teleplione: HAnover 2-1811 H.C-A. COMMUNICATIONS, iBq. In telephone inqiiirtea quole the numberpreceQicg the placi of origin, US Mss 192AF, box 1, folder 3 •'O Ihe radiogram pictured above is from the papers of broadcaster Geo Hicks, used by three middle school students for their National History _ Day research last spring (read more about their project on page 52). Although the collection is housed at the Wisconsin Historical Society Head­ quarters Building in Madison, the students were able to examine the documents in the Green Bay Area Research Center (ARC) without traveling to Madison. Nancy Bauer (whose article begins on page 28) also used the Wisconsin Histor­ ical Society's ARC network to discover the story behind Samuel Marshall's trav­ els. She requested that Marshall's records held in Milwaukee, including diaries and letters, be sent to the Wisconsin Historical Society in Madison. , Thirteen Area Research Centers throughout the state house documents perl ing to each region's history. Researchers can visit a convenient center, order docu­ ments from other regions, and pursue their research without extensive travel. Discover your own history at the ARCs: research genealogy, investigate the rth of an old stock certificate, or find the original fioorplan of a historic bu: ;. For more information, visit our website. You'll find the Area Research C is listed under Library & Archives. ^ www.wisconsin|history. org 201150_EP.qxd \ll,l^i, 2:46 PM Page 1 w (J^ifd^ioy ai\(l(5'fadj\e85 m. \ I V Editor '^ "•• • J '^^ Kathryn L. Borkowski Managing Editor Diane T. Drexler Associate Editor a,fiyng^i)aaSiyCiKi//rii^,Biia3a.M „_„ Jane M. de Broux Qjin^r^. • Research and Editorial Assistants Brian Bengtson, Joel Heiman, Melissa Johnson, John Nondorf, John Zimm, Seth Zlotocha Designer The AVS Group where Music is Not the Devil Enters V.THE WISCONSI N MAGAZINE OF HISTORY (ISSN 0043-6534), published quarterly. Is one of the Children's Music Instruction in many benefits of membership in the Wisconsin Late Nineteenth-Century Milwaukee Historical Society. Annual memberships are: By Ann M. Ostendorf •Individual, $40.00 •Senior citizen individual, $30.00 •Family, $50.00 12 I Women's Wisconsin •Senior citizen family, $40.00 § From Native Matriarchies to •Institutional, $65. the New Millennium VTo join the Society or to give a gift membership, send a check to Membership, Wisconsin § Edited by Genevieve G. McBride Historical Society, 816 State Street, Madison, Wl 16 53706-1482, call the Membership Office at 16 In Search of A. D. Smith 888-748-7479, e-mail [email protected], or go to our Web site. A History Detective's Quest The WMH has been published quarterly since 191 7 By Ruth Dunley by the Wisconsin Historical Society (608-264-6400). Copyright © 2005 by the State Historical Society of 28 A Quaker Gentleman's Wisconsin. Permission to quote or otherwise reproduce portions of this copyrighted work must be Adventures Abroad sought in writing from the publisher. Communication, Samuel Marshall's Trip inquiries, and manuscript submissions may be sent to Europe and the Middle East to WHS Press, 816 State Street, Madison, Wl 53706-1482 or [email protected]. Further By Nancy Marshall Bauer information about the WMH is available on the Society Web site. 44 The Story of Our www.wisconsinhistory.org Centennial Stamp Photographs identified with PH, WHi, or WHS are By John Nondorf from the Society's collections; address inquiries about such photos to the Visual Materials Archivist, 816 State Street, Madison, Wl 53706-1482. Holding History in The Wisconsin Historical Society does not assume 28 responsibility for statements made by contributors. Your Hands 52 Periodicals postage paid at Madison, Wl 53706-1482. Letters 54 Back issues, if available, are $10 plus postage (888- 748-7479). Microfilmed copies are available through Curio 56 University Microfilms, 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106. On the front cover: Samuel Marshall's passport, diary, and photograph from the Wisconsin Historical Society's Archives Collections. Photo by Joel Heiman VOLUME 89, NUMBER 2 / WINTER 2005-2006 201150_EP.qxd 1/3/06 2:47PM Page 2 201150_EP.qxd 1/3/06 2:47PM Page 3 WISCONSIN MAGAZINE OF HISTORY Where Music is Not the Devil Enters Children's Music Instruction in Late Nineteenth-Century Milwaukee Where song is, there 'tis good to dwell. For tmcked, songs no joy foretell. By Ann M. Ostendorf William Mitchell n nineteenth century America, Victorians believed they could elim­ and his six inate the evils of society by reshaping a person's character based on da ughters formed Mitchell's moral laws. This belief influenced child-rearing techniques, suggest­ Concert Band. I ing that parents could and should prevent evil habits from taking root in their children's characters, eliminating the need for reform later in their lives. Many parents believed in a world that was slipping into crime and depravity. They were raising their children to face a world that was becoming very different from the one they had known in their youth as industrialization brought new social ills to the forefront. Parents often touted exposure to music as a protector of children and an antidote to the corruption in society. It could easily be incorporated into a child's training, softening a child's character and functioning as a disciplining influence. Examining the development of music education in Milwaukee clearly exhibits the special place music held as a moraliz­ ing force in Victorian America. WINTER 2005-2006 201150_EP.qxd \ll,l^i, 2:47 PM Page 4 WISCONSIN MAGAZINE OF HISTORY PH 1649 Orchestra members in front of the Schlitz Park Concert Hall. Public concerts were requent and inexpensive throughout the mid-nineteenth century. German Immigrant Influences Music in Milwaukee form, "[t]hat no defect of instrument or environment shall mar such music; that they shall associate it with what is beau­ As a father in the 1890s, Dr. Louis Frank set about build­ tiful in art. If my children grow up with this for a daily les­ ing a new home at Twenty-third and Grand around one main son I shall never fear for them."^ feature: a magnificent two-story balconied music room. This It seems natural that a father would want to impart his imposing space symbolized the central role music played in love of the beautiful art of music to his children, but he had the Frank household. He and his wife played piano nearly another goal in mind as well. Louis Frank, along with many every night, and his two children, as well as other local musi­ other Milwaukeeans, subscribed to a view of music educa­ cians, staged performances. While it seems obvious that tion as a protective force for their children. Much of this sen­ Frank's lifetime love of music inspired him to add such a lav­ timent stemmed not only from the momentum of the ish addition to his home, an interview illuminates other Victorian reform, but also from these German immigrants' motives. According to Frank, he built the room for his chil­ musical tradition. dren. He wanted them to learn and know music in its purest Many historians agree that the Germans, in both the old www.wisconsinhistory.org 201150_EP.qxd 1/3/06 2:47PM Page 5 WISCONSIN MAGAZINE OF HISTORY and new world, typically considered music to be a central fea­ gregationalist, and Presbyterian church basements as well. As ture in their daily lives. Because German immigrants were more and more ministers throughout Milwaukee promoted usually better off financially than other ethnic groups and musical education in their churches, it seems evident that confident in their cultural heritage's superiority, they were these ministers saw children's music lessons in light of their willing and able to promote their musical traditions in Amer­ spiritual value." ica. "Prussian schoolrooms become the abode of peace and Occasionally, Milwaukee's private music instructors love," stated Horace Mann, who was known for bringing explicitly linked morality to their motivation to teach music to music into American public schools. Milwaukeeans were the city's youth. In one of Mr. Dye's first advertisements in aware of their own traditions as one writer noted in the Mil­ the Milwaukee Sentinel, he promoted his lessons as a way to waukee Sentinel, "[t]he German child is born into a musical "improve the morals, [and] to soften and refine the feelings atmosphere.' and manners of children."^ W. L. Tomlins also listed moral­ ity as the reason he established his music classes for children ince such a large percentage of mid-nineteenth cen­ in Milwaukee between 1880 and 1886. He taught classes at tury Milwaukeeans were of German heritage, their three locations in Milwaukee; his classes were deemed so Sview toward the role of music in life influenced the cli­ important that children were excused from public school for mate of the city.
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