A New Species of the Genus Apterolarnaca Gorochov (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae) and Its New Record from China

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A new species of the genus Apterolarnaca Gorochov (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae) and its new record from China

Xun Bian & Fu- Ming Shi

To cite this article: Xun Bian & Fu- Ming Shi (2015): A new species of the genus Apterolarnaca Gorochov (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae) and its new record from China, Oriental Insects, DOI: 10.1080/00305316.2015.1071052

To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2015.1071052

Published online: 15 Sep 2015.

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Download by: [Hebei Universty] Date: 16 September 2015, At: 07:04 Oriental Insects, 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2015.1071052

A new species of the genus Apterolarnaca Gorochov (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae) and its new record from China Xun Bian and Fu- Ming Shi*

College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China (Received 8 October 2014; accepted 6 February 2015)

The orthopteran genus Apterolarnaca Gorochov [2004. Contribution to the knowledge of the fauna and systematics of the Stenopelmatoidea (Orthoptera) of Indochina and some other territories: V. Entomological Review 84(8):900–921] is documented as a new record from China, and a new species viz., Apterolarnaca ovala sp. nov., is described from Damingshan, Guangxi. A key to the species of the genus is provided. The voucher material is deposited with the Museum of Hebei University, Baoding, China. Keywords: Apterolarnaca; diagnosis; Apotrechus; key to species; Guangxi; Vietnam

Introduction The genus Apterolarnaca was described with Apterolarnaca ulla by Gorochov (2004) occurring in the primary forest of Fan Si Pan Mountain, Sa Pa District, Lao Cai Province, Vietnam. Gorochov also described Apterolarnaca apta from the nearby Tam Dao Village in Vihn Phu Province, Vietnam. A. ulla is known from only the male in its original description, while male description is not known for A. apta, and thus, Gorochov’s description of the genus remains incomplete. This genus is characterised by the absence of tegmina, with hind legs in males having strong spines on the inner ventral surface of femora and tibiae distinctly curved. On account of these tibial characters, Gorochov (2004) thought that this genus is very similar to the Melaneremus (fruhstorferi) and Neolarnaca and contains three species (including Melaneremus bilobus Bey-Bienko). However, herein this genus is considered Downloaded by [Hebei Universty] at 07:04 16 September 2015 similar to Apotrechus based on the femoral character, and thus include only the two originally described species (Gorochov 2004; Eades et al. 2014; Kim and Pham 2014). The present study besides documenting the genus Apterolarnaca from China, describes a new species, Apterolarnaca ovala sp.nov. from Damingshan, Guangxi. A revised generic diagnosis and a key to the species are also provided.

Materials and methods Morphology images were obtained using Leica DFC 450 digital imaging system. The measurements (given in mm) made are as follows: body – the length from apex of fastigium verticis to posterior margin of tenth abdominal tergite; hind femora – the length

*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]

q 2015 Taylor & Francis 2 X. Bian and F.-M. Shi

from base to the apices of genicular lobes and ovipositor – the length from the base of subgenital plate to the apex. Voucher material is deposited with the Museum of Hebei University (MHU), Baoding, China.

A. Genus Apterolarnaca Gorochov. Type species A. ulla Gorochov 2004:914; Guo and Shi 2012:52

Description Male, female. Body medium. Wings absent. Fastigium verticis broad, about 0.5 £ as broad as scape; without lateral carinae and ocelli absent. Pronotum not specialised, disc generally flat, anterior margin truncate or weakly projecting in middle; posterior margin nearly truncate; lateral lobe longer than high, ventral margin undulating. Meso- and metanotum with surface mostly flat except posterior lateral portion obtusely rounded. Fore coxa armed with a short, minute spine. Fore and middle femora unarmed on ventral surface; male hind femora with numerous, strong, inner spines on ventral surface (distal spines larger than proximal ones). Fore tibiae with five pairs of spurs on ventral surface; middle tibiae with four inner and five outer spurs on ventral surface (including a pair of apical spurs); middle tibiae with or without an inner spur on dorsal surface; male hind tibiae distinctly curved, with strongly reduced spines on dorsal surface and undulate on ventral surface. Female hind legs less strongly specialised. Abdominal stridulatory area with two rows of oblique pegs on second and third abdominal tergites each. Male ninth abdominal tergite entirely split to two lateral lobes, the lateral lobe bearing an apical hook; tenth abdominal tergite ribbon like, interrupted in middle, with a distinctly broad, median area; cerci longer and conical; subgenital plate broad, without styli, with a median projection on posterior margin, its lateral lobes slightly bifurcate apically and male genitalia entirely membranous. Female cerci slightly smaller, erect and divergent and subgenital plate short and broad. Ovipositor short, dorsal, its ventral margins smooth, with apex obtusely rounded and strongly curved dorsad.

B. Key to the species 1. Middle tibiae without inner spur on dorsal surface ...... ulla Middle tibiae with an inner spur on dorsal surface ...... 2 2. Facia and pronotum with dark spots, lower sheaths of ovipositor with a pair of well Downloaded by [Hebei Universty] at 07:04 16 September 2015 developed, digitate, lateral lobes on base area, which is projecting back- wards ...... apta Facia and pronotum yellowish brown, lower sheaths of ovipositor with a pair of oval, lateral lobes on basal area, which are projecting outwards ...... ovala sp.nov.

C. Apterolarnaca ovala sp. nov. (Figures 1–19)

Description Male. Length: body 1.79–1.96 mm; pronotum 0.43–0.45 mm; hind femora 1.00– 1.15 mm. Body yellowish brown; eyes brown; frons yellowish brown, with some darkish spots; mandible black; occiput brown; outer margin of scape and pedicel brownish black, with rest area pale, with some annulated brown stripes; lateral lobes of pronotum with brown ventral margin; distal area of fore and middle femora dark; proximal and distal area Oriental Insects 3 Downloaded by [Hebei Universty] at 07:04 16 September 2015

Figures 1–19. Apterolarnaca ovala sp. nov.: 1, 11, head, apical view; 2–3, 12–13, head and pronotum – 2, 12, dorsal view; 3, 13, lateral view; 4, 14, left middle tibia, lateral view; 5, 15, left hind femur, lateral view; 6–8, 16–17-apex of abdomen; 6, 16, lateral view, 7, dorso-lateral view, 8, apico-lateral view, 17, ventro-lateral view; 9, 18, subgenital plate, ventral view; 10,19, habitus, lateral view; 1–10, male, holotype; 11–19, female, paratype.

of all tibiae, spurs, tarsi brownish black and apical area of lateral lobes on ninth abdominal tergite brown. Fastigium verticis obtusely rounded, broad, about 2 £ as broad as scape. Eyes ovoid; ocelli inconspicuous. Pronotum with anterior and posterior margins nearly straight; 4 X. Bian and F.-M. Shi

lateral lobes longer than high, humeral sinus indistinct, ventral margin of lateral lobes arched. Fore femora with a small spine; fore tibiae with ﬁve pairs of spurs on ventral surface (including a pair of apical ones), with distal ones shorter than proximal. Middle tibiae with an inner, apical, dorsal spur, four inner, ventral spurs and ﬁve outer spurs (including an apical one). Hind femora with eleven inner spines and 7–9 outer spines ventrally, inner ones distinctly longer and stouter than outer (Figure 5); hind tibiae distinctly curved, with 4–5 pairs of reduced spines dorsally, their ventral surface with 4– 5 tuberculate processes, and apex with a pair of dorsal spurs and two pairs of ventral ones. Second and third abdominal tergites with two rows of transverse, stridulatory teeth on lateral margins; ninth abdominal tergite curved downwards, cuculiform, split into two lobes by nearly triangular incision, the lobe pointing downwards, and spine shaped in dorsal view (Figure 7) and rectangular in apical view (Figure 8); apical area slightly expanded, hook like; ventral margin truncate, the hooks with apices slightly curved inside; with tenth abdominal tergite ribbon like, interrupted by broad membranous area. Cerci thin, spine like, with apices subacute. Subgenital plate without styli, broader than long, basal margin nearly straight, posterior margin obtusely rounded, with a small incision in middle; baso-lateral margin with a dactyloid lobe on each side, with lobe right angularly curved inside with a triangular process on subapical area, which bifurcates in apical view (Figure 8). Female. Body slightly larger than male. Length: body 1.75–2.14 mm; pronotum 0.40– 0.45 mm; hind femora 0.85–1.01 mm; ovipositor 0.60–0.71 mm. Colour paler than male, but body of one specimen nearly black brown. Similar to male except for: Size somewhat larger and form more robust. Hind femora with 10–12 inner spines and 8–10 outer spines on ventral surface, these spines obviously smaller than male and hind tibiae nearly straight. Cerci relatively short, erect, divergent. Subgenital plate short, broad, nearly trapezoidal, its basal area broader, basal margin somewhat straight and posterior margin slightly concave in middle. Ovipositor short, with dorsal and ventral margins smooth, its apex obtusely rounded and strongly curved dorsad; with a pair of oval, lateral lobes at base of lower sheaths, which project outwards.

Holotype m, China: Guangxi, Wuming, Damingshan, 7.viii.2011, Coll. X Bian and XP Yan; paratypes, 2m,3f, with data same as holotype; m,f, China: Guangxi, Shanglin, Damingshan, 15.vii.2012, Coll. JR Bai (MHU). Downloaded by [Hebei Universty] at 07:04 16 September 2015

Etymology The new species name is derived from its ovipositor with two oval lateral lobes at base of lower sheaths.

Comments This new species resembles A. ulla and A. apta; but differs from the former in: middle tibiae with an inner spur on dorsal surface, apical area of lobes in tenth abdominal tergite in male slightly expanded, subapical area of dactyloid lobes of male subgenital plate with a triangular lobe and posterior margin of female subgenital plate slightly concave in middle; it differs from the latter in its female with subgenital plate short, its posterior margin with a shallow median concavity and lower sheaths of ovipositor with two oval lateral lobes at base area, which project outwards. Oriental Insects 5

Disclosure statement No potential conﬂict of interest was reported by the authors.

Funding This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Nos 31071955, 31201731, 31372232] and the Orthoptera Species File Grants.

References Eades DC, Otte D, Cigliano MM, Braun H. 2014. Orthoptera species ﬁle. Version 5.0/5.0. [accessed 2014 June 6]. Available from: http://Orthoptera.SpeciesFile.org Gorochov AV. 2004. Contribution to the knowledge of the fauna and systematics of the Stenopelmatoidea (Orthoptera) of Indochina and some other territories: V. Entomological Review. 84(8):900–921. Guo LY, Shi FM. 2012. Notes on the genus Apotrechus (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae: Gryllacridinae) from China. Zootaxa. 3177:52–58. Kim TW, Pham HT. 2014. Checklist of vietnamese orthoptera (Saltatoria). Zootaxa. 3811(1):53–82. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3811.1.3. Downloaded by [Hebei Universty] at 07:04 16 September 2015