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Glomeremus Species from the Mascarene Islands (Orthoptera, Gryllacrididae) with the Description of the Pollinator of an Endemic Orchid from the Island of Réunion

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Glomeremus Species from the Mascarene Islands (Orthoptera, Gryllacrididae) with the Description of the Pollinator of an Endemic Orchid from the Island of Réunion See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/224054808 Glomeremus species from the Mascarene islands (Orthoptera, Gryllacrididae) with the description of the pollinator of an endemic orchid from the island of Réunion ARTICLE in ZOOTAXA · JANUARY 2010 Impact Factor: 1.06 CITATIONS 5 8 AUTHORS, INCLUDING: Sylvain Hugel Ben H Warren French National Centre for Scientific Resea… Université des Antilles et de la Guyane 44 PUBLICATIONS 411 CITATIONS 26 PUBLICATIONS 526 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Thierry Pailler Dominique Strasberg University of La Réunion University of La Réunion 51 PUBLICATIONS 597 CITATIONS 66 PUBLICATIONS 590 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Available from: Thierry Pailler Retrieved on: 31 August 2015 TERMS OF USE This pdf is provided by Magnolia Press for private/research use. Commercial sale or deposition in a public library or website is prohibited. Zootaxa 2545: 58–68 (2010) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2010 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Glomeremus species from the Mascarene islands (Orthoptera, Gryllacrididae) with the description of the pollinator of an endemic orchid from the island of Réunion S. HUGEL1, C. MICHENEAU2,3, J. FOURNEL2, B. H. WARREN2, A. GAUVIN-BIALECKI4, T. PAILLER2, M. W. CHASE5 & D. STRASBERG2 1INCI, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France. E-mail: [email protected] 2UMR PVBMT, CIRAD-Université de La Réunion, 97415 Saint-Denis, La Réunion 3Current address: Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium 4LCSNSA, Université de La Réunion, 97415 Saint-Denis, La Réunion 5Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK Abstract Glomeremus Karny, 1937 species from the Mascarene islands are examined. One new species is described from Réunion: G. orchidophilus n. sp.. Two new species are described from Mauritius: G. paraochidophilus n. sp. and G. tikasignatus n. sp.. The case of G. shel fordi (Griffini, 1909) supposedly described from Mauritius is discussed as well as the likely polyphyly of the genus Glomeremus. G. orchidophilus n. sp. is the only pollinator of the Orchid Angraecum cadetii on Réunion, representing the first supported case of regular pollination by an insect from the order Orthoptera in extant flowering plants. The possible involvement of Mauritian Glomeremus in A. cadetii pollination on Mauritius is discussed. Key words: Mascarene Archipelago, raspy cricket, pollinator, Mauritius, Réunion Introduction In the present note, Glomeremus Karny, 1937 species from Mascarene islands are examined. Up to now, only one Glomeremus species was supposedly occurring on this archipelago: Glomeremus shelfordi (Griffini, 1909). This species was described after one female labelled “Mautitius?”. This type specimen is badly damaged. In spite of numerous field studies in the Mascarene archipelago, we failed to find this species, raising doubts over the real origin of this type specimen. However, these field studies allowed the recording of three new species: G. tikasignatus n. sp. and G. paraorchidophilus n. sp. occurring in Mauritius, and G. orchidophilus n. sp., a closely related species from Réunion. The likely paraphyly of Glomeremus is briefly discussed. Elements of the biology of Glomeremus from Réunion and Mauritius are given. Surprisingly, G. orchidophilus n. sp. was recorded as the only pollinator of the orchid Angraecum cadetii (Vandeae, Epidendroideae) on Réunion (Micheneau et al., 2010), representing the first clearly-supported case of orthopteran-mediated pollination in flowering plants. As A. cadetii occurs also on Mauritius, the possible involvement of Mauritian Glomeremus in A. cadetii pollination on Mauritius is discussed. Material and methods Species authorship. The author of the three species described in the present article is Hugel. Specimens examined. The new taxa described in the present paper are based on specimens recently collected on the islands of Réunion and Mauritius. All specimens have been collected by sight collecting during night hours using a halogen headlamp and a net. 58 Accepted by D. Rentz: 4 Jul. 2010; published: 22 Jul. 2010 TERMS OF USE This pdf is provided by Magnolia Press for private/research use. Commercial sale or deposition in a public library or website is prohibited. Morphological terminology. Abbreviations. FW, fore wing; HW, hindwing; Meso, mesonotum; Meta, metanotum; O, ovipositor; Pro, pronotum; Thx, thorax. Legs: T: tibia; F: femora, followed by leg number (I, II or III). Measurements. The measurements have been performed on dry specimens or specimens stored in ethanol 70°. L: length; W: width; H: height (of pronotum lateral lobe); all in mm. Head height: from the labrum to the top of the vertex; head width: maximal width; pronotum width: maximal width (including the lateral lobes); hind femora width: maximal width; ovipositor width: near the basis; ovipositor length: linear distance from the basis (distal end of the subgenital plate) to the distal tip. Material repository. CIRAD Réunion, Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (Réunion); MHNR, Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de la Réunion; MNHN, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (France); MSIRI, Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute (Mauritius); NHM, Natural History Museum, London, UK; OUMNH, Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford, UK. Coll. S.H., Collection Sylvain Hugel, Strasbourg, France. Scan electron microscopy. The scan electron microscope used was a JEOL JSM-6360 in low vacuum mode, with an acceleration of 18 MeV. Specimens were directly imaged, without metallization. Results Glomeremus Karny, 1937 Glomeremus shelfordi (Griffini, 1909) [Mauritius ?, not confirmed] Glomeremus orchidophilus n. sp. [Réunion] Glomeremus paraorchidophilus n. sp.[Mauritius] Glomeremus tikasignatus n. sp. [Mauritius] Glomeremus shelfordi (Griffini, 1909) Eremus sphinx var. shelfordi Griffini, 1909: 333 (original description). Glomeremus shelfordi, Karny, 1937: 115. Material examined. Unpublished high quality pictures of female holotype (OUMNH). This type specimen is badly damaged: only a part of the head, the thorax, four abdominal tergites, the right foreleg and the left fore femora are remaining. Type locality. As specified in Griffini’s original description, the holotype is labelled “Mauritius?”. In accordance with the original description, this specimen displays 3 ventral subapical spurs on both sides of the remaining fore tibia (according to Griffini, both fore tibia and mid tibia had the same spur formula) and it is wingless. These characters clearly distinguish G. shelfordi from the three other Glomeremus species recorded in the archipelago. In addition, the ovipositors of G. shelfordi and of the other species recorded in the archipelago are clearly distinct: 19 mm for G. shelfordi (vs. <14 mm in the three species we recorded on the archipelago); almost straight for G. shelfordi (vs. clearly falciform in the three other species we recorded in the archipelago). In spite of the numerous nights spent in the field in Mauritius, no specimen corresponding to G. shelfordi was recorded during our study, suggesting either that this island is not the type locality, or that the species is very rare or extinct. Diagnosis. This species differs from all other Glomeremus species by the following character combination: face and thorax without black patterns; TI and TII with 3 ventral subapical spurs on both sides; wingless; ovipositor more than twice as long as hind femora (this latter character by itself distinguishes G. shelfordi from all other Glomeremus). GLOMEREMUS SPECIES FROM THE MASCARENE ISLANDS Zootaxa 2545 © 2010 Magnolia Press · 59 TERMS OF USE This pdf is provided by Magnolia Press for private/research use. Commercial sale or deposition in a public library or website is prohibited. FIGURE 1. Glomeremus orchidophilus n. sp. Male paratype. Right side view. Bar: 10 mm. Glomeremus orchidophilus n. sp. (Figs. 2, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, tab. 1) Holotype. Male. Indian Ocean, Mascarene archipelago, la Réunion, Saint Philippe, hauts de Mare Longue, 421 m alt., 21°20’47’’S 55°44’22’’E; 13.XII.2005, S. Hugel, MNHN (MNHN-ENSIF2642). Allotype. Female. Same as holotype, 23.IV.2007, S. Hugel, MNHN (MNHN-ENSIF2643). Paratypes. Males. 1% la Réunion, Saint Benoît, Takamaka, Alt. 800 m, 21°05’26’’S 55°37’09’’E, 20.IV.2002, S. Hugel, MHNR. 1%, same locality, 22.XI.2009, REU2009176, S. Hugel leg & coll. 1%, la Réunion, Saint-Philippe, Basse Vallée, Vallée Heureuse, rempart Est, sentier du Puys Ramond, Alt. 896 m, 21°20’14’’S 55°42’15’’E; 16.IV.2007, S. Hugel, BMNH. 1%, la Réunion, Saint-Philippe, Basse Vallée, Vallée Heureuse, rempart Est, Alt. 700–900 m, 03.IV.2005, N. Cliquennois, S. Hugel coll. 1%, la Réunion, Saint- Philippe, Basse Vallée, Vallée Heureuse, sentier de la source Repiquet, 805 m alt., 21°19’33’’S 55°41’52’’E, 11.XII.2005, S. Hugel, S. Hugel Coll. 1%, same locality, 15.XI.2009, REU2009089, S. Hugel, S. Hugel Coll. 1%, la Réunion, Saint Benoît, Grand Etang, chemin de l’Etang, Alt. 545 m, 21°05’46’’S 55°38’51’’E, 19.XI.2009, REU2009135, S. Hugel, MSIRI. 4%, la Réunion, Ste Suzanne, forêt Dugain, Alt. 900 m, 20°59’14’’S 55°34’34’’E, 10.XII.2005, S. Hugel, CIRAD (1 spn); S. Hugel leg & coll (3 spn). Females. 1&, la Réunion, Saint Philippe, hauts de Mare Longue, 500 m alt., 21°20’S 55°44’E, 29.XII.2002, S. Hugel leg & coll. 1&, la Réunion, Saint Philippe, hauts de Mare Longue, 421 m alt., 21°20’47’’S 55°44’22’’E, 23.IV.2007, S. Hugel leg & coll. 1&, la Réunion, Bras-Panon, Plaine des Lianes, forêt de la cascade du Chien, 800 m Alt., 21°02’’S 55°36’E, 09.04.2002, N. Cliquennois, MHNR. 1&, la Réunion, Saint-Joseph, Hauts de Jacques Payet, Alt. 800 m, 21°20’23’’S 55°41’41’’E; 11.XII.2005, S. Hugel leg & coll. 1&, la Réunion, Saint Benoît, Grand Etang, chemin de l’Etang, Alt. 545 m, 21°05’46’’S 55°38’51’’E, 21.XII.2005, S.
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