Työryhmän Esitelmät Ja Abstraktit (PDF)

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Työryhmän Esitelmät Ja Abstraktit (PDF) Kaupunkitutkimuksen päivät Turussa / Finnish Urban Studies Days in Turku 25.-26.4.2013 Work Group 5. Art and design as tools of urban transformation Thursday 25.4. 13.30-17.00 Teele Pehk: Neighbourhood associations in Tallinn becoming the experts of local living Jukka Vahlo: Turun kulttuuripääkaupunkiprosessi 2005–2012 ja Cultural Planning Suvi Aho, Pilvi Kallio ja Päivi Keränen: Muotoilu ja draama kaupunkikehittämisen välineinä Lieven Ameel: Urban Narratives as Building Blocks for Urban Development. Two Case Studies from the Helsinki Waterfront Eeva Berglund: Design as policy in Helsinki: the WDC experience Paulina Nordström: Evental landscapes of light: fleeing light and performativity of glass city Pekka Tuominen: Urban boundaries and negotiated spaces in contemporary Istanbul: Clash over regulatory policies, informal design practices and value creation ABSTRACTS Neighbourhood associations in Tallinn becoming the experts of local living Teele Pehk Linnalabor (Estonian Urban Lab) There are around 20 active neighbourhood associations in Tallinn. Contrary to big European cities, inhabitants in Tallinn are mostly active in neighbourhoods that are going through gentrification (Kalamaja, Pelgulinn, Uus Maailm, Kadriorg) or in residential suburbs (Nõmme, Pirita, Kakumäe). While protecting the values of living environment the associations have become more and more competent in issues of urban planning and urban governance. Despite that there is little will to cooperate with neighbourhood associations from the city government’s side. Neighbourhood associations do not have a legitimate role in urban development of Tallinn. In October 2013 new local government councils will be elected in Estonia. As an input for local elections the neighbourhood associations will put together a platform of local living and suggestions for improving the cooperation with the city government. The initiative called „Urban Idea“ is lead by Linnalabor. At the Finnish Urban Studies Days I will present the initiative, its broader aims and expected results. And hopefully will get useful feedback for putting together the new cooperation model. Turun kulttuuripääkaupunkiprosessi 2005–2012 ja Cultural Planning Jukka Vahlo Turun yliopisto, sosiaalitieteiden laitos Turku toimi Euroopan kulttuuripääkaupunkina vuonna 2011 yhdessä Tallinnan kanssa. Turun kulttuuripääkaupunkihaku käynnistyi vuonna 2005 maakunnallisella strategiaprosessilla, jonka tuloksista muotoiltiin kulttuuripääkaupunkihakemukseen sisällytetty Turku 2011 -strategia. Kulttuuripääkaupunkistrategian keskeiseksi lähtökohdaksi valittiin ns. antropologinen kulttuurimääritelmä, jonka mukaisesti kulttuuria lähestyttiin taidetoimintaa laajempana kokonaisuutena. Cultural planning on strateginen kaupunkikehittämisen työkalu ja prosessi, joka pyrkii tunnistamaan lähestymänsä alueen kulttuurisia voimavaroja ja valjastamaan kulttuuriresursseja kaupunkikehitykseen. Etenkin Australiassa, Englannissa, Yhdysvalloissa ja Kanadassa sovellettu Cultural planning ei siten tarkoita kulttuuri- tai taidetoiminnan kehittämistä vaan kulttuurisista lähtökohdista toteutettavaa kokonaisvaltaista kaupunkikehittämistä. Cultural planning -toimintaa on viime vuosina kuitenkin kritisoitu siitä, että kaupunkien toteuttamat prosessit ovat viime kädessä muistuttaneet laajan kaupunkikehityksen sijasta perinteistä taidepoliittista toimintaa. Turun kulttuuripääkaupunkiprosessia ei suunniteltu, toteutettu tai markkinoitu cultural planning - prosessina. Turku 2011 -prosessista voidaan silti tunnistaa lukuisia osa-alueita ja työvaiheita, joilla on vahvoja yhteyksiä cultural planning -menettelyyn. Cultural planning -viitekehyksestä voidaan tarkastella mm. seuraavia kysymyksiä: Miten Turku 2011 toteutti strategiansa mukaista laajaa, antropologista kulttuurimääritelmää? Näkyikö cultural planning -toimintaan sisältyvä cultural mapping -vaihe Turku 2011 -prosessissa? Turun kulttuuripääkaupunkivuodesta on julkaistu useita arviointeja vuosina 2012–2013. Mitkä seikat näissä arvioinneissa nousevat esille, ja miten onnistuneita Turku 2011 -toimenpiteitä voidaan tarkastella Cultural planning -näkökulmasta? Muotoilu ja draama kaupunkikehittämisen välineinä Suvi Aho, Pilvi Kallio ja Päivi Keränen Metropolia Ammattikorkeakoulu, Kulttuuri ja luova ala Metropolia Ammattikorkeakoulun kulttuurialalla on hyödynnetty soveltavia taide- ja kulttuuriperustaisia menetelmiä asukaslähtöisen kaupunkitutkimuksen ja -kehittämisen välineinä. Vuorovaikutteisten luovien menetelmien avulla päästään usein hedelmälliseen kontaktiin erilaisten asukasryhmien kanssa ja vahvistetaan asukkaiden ääntä. Case 1: Muotoilun avulla voidaan mallintaa kaupunkisuunnittelun (usein pitkällä aikavälillä) toteutuvia suunnitelmia nopeasti näkyviksi ja kokeiltaviksi kaupunkilaisille. Nopean protomallinnuksen ja testauksen avulla saadaan arvokasta tietoa käyttäjäkokemuksista varsinaista toteutusta varten ja toisaalta viestitään suunnitelmista. Konkreettisten esimerkkien pohjalta on helpompi käydä kansalaiskeskustelua. Kaupunkilaisten tarpeita kartoittamalla ja etsimällä niille tilaa kaupunkiympäristöstä, voidaan löytää uusia käyttötarkoituksia jo olemassa oleville rakenteille ja näin palvelumuotoilulla rakentaa viihtyisämpää ympäristöä. Case 2: Draama yhteiskunnallisen keskustelun ja demokratian tukena tuottaa vireää osallisuutta, kun ihmiset saavat tilaisuuden järjestäytyä uudelleen ja käyttää julkista ja yhteistä tilaa luovasti. Saattaa olla, että politiikkaa tehdessä tunnetason toiminta tuottaa sotia, mutta luovaa yhteisöllisyyttä tulee rakentaa tunteita jakaen. Osallistavat asukasillat, seminaari-interventiot ja esitykselliset tutkielmat kaupunkialueesta ovat kehitystyön innovatiivisia tuloksia. Edellä mainittuja menetelmiä yhdistämällä on myös saatu aikaan mielenkiintoisia tuloksia. Kaupunkien suunnittelupuolella vastaanotto on ollut positiivista, joskin menetelmien laajempi vaikuttavuus ja tuloksellisuuden todentaminen vaatii jatkuvaa työtä. Kulttuurisia menetelmiä voidaan käyttää suunnittelutoiminnan oikeuttamiseen antamalla politiikkatoimille kansalaislähtöinen sävy erilaisten asukastyöpajojen avulla. Luoville menetelmille tulee lisäksi antaa mahdollisuus aidosti haastaa olemassa olevia valtarakenteita ja ajattelutapoja. Urban Narratives as Building Blocks for Urban Development Two Case Studies from the Helsinki Waterfront Lieven Ameel University of Helsinki, Finnish, Finno-Ugrian and Scandinavian Studies Few scholars would dispute that stories about cities matter. In the fields of urban studies and urban planning, the last decades have even witnessed what has been called a “narrative turn”: an increasing interest in the potential of stories. What kinds of narratives are used in urban planning and development, and how are these narratives structured? How can urban narratives be classified in terms of their functionality within a specific city’s context? In the case of Helsinki’s present-day large- scale urban development, urban narratives have been explicitly foregrounded by the city’s urban development agency and urban developers, as well as by consultancy agencies involved. The development of the waterfront areas Kalasatama and Jätkäsaari, in particular, presents a fascinating array of stories, imaginaries and narratives. Marketing campaigns related to these areas have been accompanied by the production and dissemination of specific spatial imaginaries, such as a commissioned novel, in the case of Jätkäsaari, and comic reels, in the case of Kalasatama. In addition to these, there are several examples of less obvious, but at least as pervasive narratives, from official websites with historical information, to the fostering of narrative treads in social community websites, and the mini-narratives provided by marketing slogans, street names, and 3D-projections of how these neighborhoods will look like in the future. Analyzing this material, my paper, which is part of a larger research into urban narratives, will present a tentative taxonomy of the structure and functionalities of narratives used in the ongoing waterfront development at Jätkäsaari and Kalasatama. Design as policy in Helsinki: the WDC experience Eeva Berglund University of Helsinki, Environmental Policy and Urban Research In 2012 Helsinki was a World Design Capital (WDC). Approached from the perspective of urban studies, this series of events and publicity should be seen as part of a global configuration of urban policy, where spectacle combines with place competition. The idea of Helsinki as design capital makes sense: design in all domains – from digital communications to fashion to architecture – appears like a natural part of life in the Finnish capital. Also, the design of useful everyday objects and environments played an important if often unnoticed role in 20th century Finnish history. Design is culture in its broadest sense: it confers identity not just on objects but people too, it mixes meanings and matter. In the context of WDC rhetoric and action, design's wholesomeness and its social benefits were unquestioned, and an (the?) global ecological imperative was invoked to support it. With these arguments its promoters tried to draw the public into supporting design. Their success is hard to assess, but certainly the idea of public participation had never seemed so real and visible in Helsinki as in the WDC events, with official programme merging into voluntary and informal activities and fuelling a novel, eco-chic urban culture, which Helsinki (the City) could sell. Using Helsinki's WDC experience as an example,
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