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•******* Environmental Policy and Technology Project
For the New Independent States of the former SovIet UnIon
Prepared for Bureau for Europe and the New Independent States U.S. Agency for International Development
By A USAID Project Consortium Led by CH2M HILL EnVlronlnental POlIcy and Technology Project
Contract No CCN-0003-Q-09-3165
UKRAINE Problems of System Measurement of LvlV Vodokallal
August 1997 Delivery Order 9 - Tasl{ U2
Prepated for RegIOnal MIssion to Ukrame, Belarus & Moldova US Agency for International Development
Plepared by Ukrame Belarus & Moldova RegIOnal Office Environmental Polley and Technology Project A USAID PIOJect ConsOl tlllm Led by CH2M HILL PREFACE
Under the 1992 Freedom Support Act the Umted States Congress Imttated a program to provide varIOUS forms ofassistance to new mdependent states (NIS) ofthe former Soviet Umon Cooperative Agreements were signed betv>een representatives ofthe-U S gOvemment arId eaeh-eountry m which assistance was to be undertaken The US Agency for InternatIOnal Development (USAID) was given the responsibIlIty to coordmate all US government assIstance to the NIS under the Act
Through competitIve blddmg, USAID awarded a multi-year contract to a team managed by CH2M HILL InternatIOnal ServIces, Inc (CH2M HILL) to support implementatIOn ofan environmental aSSIstance program to republIcs ofthe former SovIet Umon Under thIS contract, termed the EnVironmental PolIcy & Technology (EPT) Project CH2M HILL IS to aSSIst USAID's mISSIons m Moscow, KyIV, and Almaty undertake a program to promote environmental Improvements In the NIS The USAID mISSIOn In Kylv supports environmental, and other assistance programs to Ukrame Belarus, and Moldova CH2M HILL establIshed an office In KyIV from which to perform servIces m these countrIes under the EPT Project
This report was prepared as a contractually reqUIred delIverable under a contract between USAID and CH2M HILL Although work on thIS report was conducted In cooperatIOn WIth the assisted governments and USAID, the findmgs and recommendatIOns are those ofthe CH2M HILL team They do not necessarily represent official POSitIons ofthe governments ofthe assIsted countrIes nor ofthe Umted States ofAmenca
The CH2M HILL team mcludes the follOWIng orgamzatIOns Center for InternatIOnal EnVironmental Law Clark Atlanta Umverslty/HBCUMI EnVIronmental ConsortIum Consortium for InternatIOnal Development Ecojuns • EnVironmental ComplIance, Inc • Harvard InstItute for InternatIOnal Development • Hughes Techmcal ServIces Company • InternatIOnal Programs ConsortIum InternatIOnal Resources Group, Ltd Interfax Newsagency K&M Engmeenng Ogden EnVironmental and Energy SerVIces Company Pnce Waterhouse World WIldlIfe Fund (US)
For addItIonal mformatIOn regardmg the EPT ProJect, contact the follOWIng
In the Umted States ofAmenca EnVIronmental POllcy & TecnnolOgy ProjeCl rteao Office 1819 H Street NW SUIte 700 Washlllgton DC 20006 USA Telephone (202) 835-1450 FaCSimile (202) 835-1463 Contact Dr James Westfield
In Ukrallle EnVironmental Pohcy & Technology Project EnVironmental PolIcy & Technology Project Ukrallle, Belarus & Moldova RegIOnal Office LVIV Vodokanal Project Office 4 BohomoltsIa Street, 3rd Floor 64 Zelena Street, 3rd Floor 252024 KYlv, Ukrame 290017 LVIV, Ukrallle Telephone +380 (44) 247-5633/5634/5635 Telephone +380 (322) 76-73-89/84-13/94-78 FaCSimIle +380 (44) 247-5637/5638 FaCSImile +380 (322) 27-11-52 Contact Mr Ties van Kempen
ept IVlvl756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9MSRMTO WPD 20Aug97 NOTIFICATIONS
NOTE ON TRANSLITERATION
Ukramian personal, mstItutIOnal, and place names used m EPT documents are transhterated Into EnglIsh from-8kramian (not RussIan), accordmg to the modIfied US LIbrary of Congress standard for Ukramian-to-EnglIsh translIteratIOn that has been adopted by many Western orgamzatIOns and publIcatIOns, mcludmg the Encyclopedza ofUkrazne (UmversIty of Toronto Press, 5 vols, 1984-1993) and 0 Subtelny's authontatIve Ukrazne A Hzstory (Umversity ofToronto Press, 1988, 2nd edItIOn 1994), as well as by the UkrainIan CommISSIon on Legal Termmology (ResolutIOn No 9 dated 19 Apnl, 1996)
NOTE ON COST ESTIMATES
The opmIOns ofcost shown, and any resultmg conclUSIOns on project finanCial or economIC feaSIbIlIty or fundmg reqUIrements, have been prepared for gUIdance m project evaluatIOn and ImplementatIOn from the mformatIOn avaIlable at the tIme the opmIOn was prepared The final costs ofthe project and resultmg feaSIbIlIty WIll depend on actual labor and matenal costs, competItIve market condItIOns, actual SIte condItIOns, final project scope, ImplementatIOn schedule, contmUIty ofpersonnel and engmeenng, and other vanable factors As a result, the final project costs may vary from the opmIOns ofcost presented herem
ept IVlvl7;,6/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmtO wpd 11 20Aug97 TABLE OF CONTENTS
SectIon
ExecutIve Summary S-l
1 IntroductIOn 1-1
2 EXlstmg System 2-1 2 1 General RevIew ofSystem 2-1 2 2 Problems ofSystem Measurement 2-1 2 3 Importance of System Data 2-2 24 Norms 2-2 2 5 Termmology 2-3
3 System Measurement - ConsumptIOn 3-1 3 1 Industnal Enterpnses 3-1 32 Communal ServIces 3-3 3 3 Budget InstItutIOns 3-3 3 4 ReSIdentIal 3-3 3 5 VIllage Water Supply 3-8 3 6 Water Meters 3-9
4 System Measurement - ProductIOn 4-1 4 1 Well FIelds 4-1 42 TranSmISSIOn 4-5 43 DIstnbutIOn 4-7
5 ConclUSIOns and RecommendatIons 5-1 5 1 ConclUSIOns 5-1 5 2 RecommendatIOns 5-2
AppendIX A Tables
ept IVlvf756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9MSRMTO WPD 111 20Aug97 LIST OF TABLES
Number
3-1 Meters Installed and EstImated ConsumptIOn by Consumer Groups -1995 3-1 3-2 Water Supply Schedule and Source ofHot Water 3-4 3-3 ReSIdentIal Water Usage - Measured Versus PredIcted 3-5 3-4 PredIcted Wastage m ResIdential FIxtures 3-6 3-5 Water Usage 1n Selected ResIdential BUIldmgs 3-7 3-6 Components ofWater Usage m Selected ReSIdentIal BUIldmgs 3-7 3-7 Companson ofActual and PredIcted Water Usage m ResIdential BUIldmgs WIth a SIx-Hour Water Supply 3-8 3-8 Water Usage ofVdlages 3-9 3-9 Survey ofServIce ConnectIOns 3-10 4-1 SpecIficatIOns ofStryl Well FIeld Pump EqUipment 4-3 4-2 EstImated Water Flow at Prmcipal Pump StatIOns - June to September 1996 4-6 5-1 Recommended Measunng DevIces for the LVK Water System 5-4
A-I Data on Selected Industnal Enterpnses A-2 A-2 Industnal Water Usage - Measured versus PredIcted A-3 A-3 Communal Water Usage - Measured versus PredIcted A-4 A-4 Budget Water Usage - Measured versus PredIcted A-4 A-5 Data on Selected ResIdentIal BUIldmgs - 1996 A-5 A-6 Measured Water Usage m ResIdential BUIldmgs m 1995 and 1st half of 1996 A-6 A-7 Leakage m Faulty Plumbmg FIxtures A-7 A-8 Companson ofPredIcted (Norm) Water ConsumptIOn WIth Leakage A-7 A-9 Metered Usage m ResIdentIal BUIldmgs WIth a SIx-Hour Water Supply - 1996 A-8 A-10 AnalysIs ofFlow Meters' ServIce LIfe A-9 A-ll Results ofMeasurements at Mahenv Well FIeld - September 1996 A-10 A-12 Stryl Well FIeld, Well Group 1 after Cleanmg - November 1996 A-ll A-13 Stryl Well FIeld, Well Group 2 before Cleanmg - September 1996 A-ll A-14 Stryl Well FIeld, Well Group 2 after Cleanmg - October 1996 A-ll A-IS Stryl Well FIeld, Well Group 3 - October 1996 A-12 A-16 Power ConsumptIOn at Stryl Well FIeld, Well Group 1 - November 1996 A-13 A-17 Power ConsumptIOn at Stryl Well FIeld, Well Group 2 - October 1996 A-13 A-IS Power ConsumptIOn at Stryl Well FIeld, Well Group 3 - October 1996 A-14 A-19 Power ConsumptIon at Stryl Well FIeld - October to November 1996 A-14 A-20 Measurements at Pump StatIOns Total Water Flow A-15 A-21 Measurements at Pump StatIOns Results ofHourly Measurements June to October 1996 A-16
ept lV1V1756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmtO wpd IV 20Aug97 LIST OF FIGURES
Number
2-1 SchematIc Layout ofthe LVIV Water System 2-4 3-1 Daily Flow Curve In ResIdential BUIldIngs wIth 24-hour Water Supply 3-11 4-1 Measurements In LVIV Water Supply System - 1996 4-9 4-2 Major Pump StatIOns - Flow and Storage Measurements 4-10 4-3 Major Pump StatIons - Pressure and Motor CapaCIty Measurements 4-11 4-4 Pressure Measurements In DIstnbutIOn System - RegIOn 1 4-12 4-5 Pressure Measurements In DIstnbutlOn System - RegIOn 2 4-13 4-6 Pressure Measurements In DIstnbutlOn System - RegIOn 3 4-14 4-7 Pressure Measurements In DIstnbutlOn System - RegIOn 4 4-15
ept IVlvl756/uh reports\probl_sm\r9msrmtO wpd v 20Aug97 ABBREVIATIONS, ACRONYMS & GLOSSARY
A Ampere atm atmosphere BAH Booz, Allen and HamIlton CH2MHILL CH2M HILL InternatIOnal ServIces, Inc A US-based mternatIOnal envIronmental engmeermg consultmg firm under contract to USAID to Implement a large component ofthe EPT Project COWl COWl Consultants (Denmark) DEPA DanIsh EnvIronmental ProtectIOn Agency DHF Dlstnct Heatmg FacIhty DO Dehvery Order EPANET Computenzed sImulatIOn model EPT EnVIronmental Pohcy & Technology (Project) A USAID-funded program to provIde envIronmental aSSIstance to New Independent States ofthe former SOVIet Umon hid hours a day hrs hours kbv karbovanets konto Vodokanal customer account based on a water supply connectIOn kW kIlowatt kWh kIlowatt hour kWh/m3 kIlowatt hour per CUbIC meter led lIters per capIta per day leh lIters per capIta per hour lid lIters per day lis lIters per second LVK LVlV Vodokanal (muruclpal publIc water utIlIty) mls meters per second m2/d square meters per day m2/s square meters per second m3/d CUbIC meters per day m3/h CUbIC meters per hour m3/y CUbIC meters per year mg/l mIllIgram per lIter mm mmute N/D no data NIS New Independent States (ofthe former SOVIet UnIon) No number Nos numbers oblast A government terntonal-adminIstratIve umt m the former SOVIet Uruon that IS still muse followmg Ukrame's mdependence AUS analogue would be somethmg between a state and a county PADCO Plannmg & Development CollaboratIve, Inc AU S -based consultmg firm under contract to USAID to Implement part ofthe US government's aSSIstance program to Ukrame's housmg and communal servIces sector ept IV1V1756fuh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmtO wpd Vi 20Aug97 p/d per day P-S-- Pump StatIOn TDH Total DynamIc Head US $ or USD Umted States dollar USAID US Agency for InternatIOnal Development V Volt vodokanal A quasI-government agency responsIble for mumcIpal water supply and wastewater collectIOn and treatment AUS analogue would be a water utIlIty WB World Bank (InternatIOnal Bank for ReconstructIOn & Development) yr year
ept IVIVI756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmtO wpd Vll 20Aug97 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Data on water consumptIOn, flow, power usage, etc In the LVK's water system are very Important for understandIng, analyZIng and changIng the operatIOn ofthe system These data can and should be used to gUIde and plan Improvements In system operatIOn and make cntIcal deCISIOns on capItal Investments Presently the data that IS aVailable IS not complete and what IS aVailable ranges In accuracy from reasonable to a guess ThIS creates a problem SInce some mISSIng data IS needed and It IS sometImes dIfficult to determIne whIch ofthe eXIstmg data IS really vahd
At present, data are generally collected because they are and always have been "reqUIred" Log books have pages to fill m, tarIff formulas need figures so that calculatIOns can be made and so on WIth the need to reduce operatIng costs and pnontize Investments WIth any future World Bank loan (or other donor money), both addItIOnal data and an Improved quahty of data are reqUIred
There are a number ofsIgmficant problems WIth data and measurements m the LVK system FIrst, there are InsuffiCient data POInts and types ofdata collected In the system to proVIde the LVK WIth an adequate baSIS on whIch analyze ItS operatIOn Second, the accuracy ofthe collected data IS unknown In many cases, especIally hIstorIcal data The data may be read or calculated USIng uncahbrated Instruments or Inappropnate tIme penods, other data are SImply repeats ofwhat was logged In the book prevIOusly, and In the past data may have reflected expected norms or plans The thIrd sIgmficant problem IS that collected data eXIsts but It IS In a form that IS labOrIOUS to breakdown and hence not readl1y aVailable for analySIS
ThIS report addresses the first two problems InvolVIng measurement
Although It would be useful to have a WIde range ofdata, the cost ofIntenSIve InstrumentatIOn In the system IS too hIgh to be able to Install all ofthe Instruments that mIght be deSIred Therefore some balance must be made by the LVK as to the degree ofdata collectIOn and the accuracy needed for these data
ThIS report exammes eXIstIng data and makes new measurements In the areas ofwater consumptIOn, flows and pressures In the dIstrIbutIOn and transmISSIon systems, productIOn at well fields and energy consumptIOn In addItIOn, It makes recommendatIOns for extendmg the number and InstallatIOn ofmeasurement deVIces In the system
ept IV1V/756/uh reports\probJ_sm\R9msnnts wpd S-l 20Aug97 SectIOn 1 INTRODUCTION
As part ofa UnIted States government bIlateral assIstance program, the US Agency for InternatIOnal Development (USAID) 15 supportmg envIronmental management m Ukrame Under dIrectIOn from USAID, a consortIUm led by CH2M HILL InternatIOnal ServIces, Inc (CH2M HILL) IS Implementmg part ofUSAID's EnvIronmental PolIcy & Technology (EPT) Project by undertakmg varIOUS tasks that have been agreed to by representatives ofthe governments ofboth countnes
USAID authonzed CH2M HILL to perform a senes oftasks m Ukrame under DelIvery Order (DO) 9, Task U2 (Urban Water Management DemonstratIOn LVIV) Part ofthIS task (Subtask 3 2 - Study Problems of System Measurement) mcludes a reqUIrement that
The Contractor would use LVlV as a case study to mvestlgate the problems of measurement ofwater and energy m the water system
the Contractor wlllldentify areas where lmproved measurement would enhance the analySIS ofsystem operatlOn and efficlency Where lmproved measurement 1S shown to be lmportant to the upgradIng ofthe system It WIll be mcluded In the przorztlzed tasks to be performed to lmprove revenue recovery
The Contractor would mvestlgate the means presently beIng usedfor measurmg the water supply entermg the system to ascertam the general accuracy ofthe estlmate of water produced
The Contractor would ldentify what appear to be major classes ofcurrent water users and mvestlgate the means presently bemg usedfor a) measurmg andblllmgfor the water bemg used b) the prlOrztlzmg ofmvestment and revenue recovery related to major classes ofwater users
ThIs report IS m response to the USAID reqUIrement
ept IVlvl756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmtl wpd 1-1 20Aug97 SectIOn 2 EXISTING SYSTEM
2.1 GENERAL REVIEW OF SYSTEM
The CIty of LVIV IS over 700 years old and ItS present publIc water supply and dIstnbutIOn system was started about 100 years ago The water supply m LVIV serves about 887,0001 people The CIty obtams ItS water from 20 well fields located outsIde the CIty'S penmeter In order to obtam suffiCIent sUItable water, the more recent well fields have been establIshed as far away as 80 kIn from the CIty center Dnnkmg water for LVIV IS supplIed by groundwater from 173 wells AqUIfer depth IS about 70 m for most wells, but older wells obtaIn water from gravel layers ofabout 25 m deep, whereas newer wells obtaIn water from aqUIfers at a depth ofover 200 m Accordmg to the LVK data In 1995, an average ofabout 363,000 m3/d was delIvered mto the CIty dIstnbutIOn system The schematIC layout of LVIV water supply system IS presented m FIgure 2-1
ApproXImately 600 kIn of steel, ductIle Iron, and reInforced concrete transmISSIOn lInes convey water from well SItes to the CIty ofLVIV and several VIllages along the transmISSIOn lInes Water from the transmISSIOns lInes IS conveyed to seven pnnciple pump statIOns that encIrcle the CIty At the pump statIOns water IS chlorInated A total ofabout 900 kIn ofsteel and cast Iron pIpIng provIde water to resIdents Much ofthe steel pIpe IS ofa poor qualIty and subject to corrOSIOn whIle the cast Iron tends to be bnttle and subject to frequent faIlures of the JOInts There are about 26,000 dIrect connectIOns (kontos) m the dIstrIbutIOn system
Due to a number offactors, mcludmg shortage ofwater, network losses, and a lack of pressure zones LVK IS not able to mamtaIn contmuous, steady pressure or flow m the system As result, the servIce to consumers IS greatly dependent on locatIOn, number offloors, elevatIOn and water consumption ofthe area About 70 percent ofthe LVlV reSIdents receIve water for SIX hours per day and even less The system reqUIres senous repaIrs and portIOns of the pIpelInes need to be replaced In 1995 about 6,500 breakdowns were reported In the dIstrIbutIOn system
2 2 PROBLEMS OF SYSTEM MEASUREMENT
A major prOblem ofsystem measurement for LVK IS the lack ofmstruments ana-aevlces to accurately measure VarIOUS parameters III the system For example, out ofabout 26,000 consumer connectIOns to the dIstnbutIOn system, only about ten percent are eqUIpped WIth operatmg water meters ThIS also apphes to water pressure, energy consumptIOn, water productIOn, etc
I Based on the mfonnatlOn, obtamed from the populatIOn statistICS department ofLVIV RegIOnal StatIstIC Board, on the 1st ofJanuary, 1996 and from water sales department ofLVK
ept IVIVI756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msnnt2 wpd 2-1 20Aug97 A second major problem IS the valIdIty ofthe data that IS collected Some ofthe InstrumentatIOn IS not calIbrated, whIle m other cases data IS based on State establIshed norms for the expected or average value ofa parameter Examples ofthIs are the norms ofwater consumptIOn used to bIll domestIc consumers based on the number ofstones m a bUIldmg, proVISIOn for hot water, etc Other Important data, such as power consumptIOn, IS sometImes calculated based on operators readmg meters for voltage and current at regular mtervals, and then calculatmg the power rather than usmg an mtegrated kWh meter
The final major problem IS that, although some data IS collected, sometImes m rather detaIled form, It IS m a form or stored m a locatIOn whIch IS not readIly aVaIlable for analySIS and reVIew An example ofthIS IS the logs mamtamed by repaIr crew on work done on the pIpes m the dlstnbutIOn system
23 IMPORTANCE OF SYSTEM DATA
Two major reasons for Improvmg the measurements m the system at thIS tIme are to enhance operatIOns and pnontIze future capItal mvestments WIth the amount ofcash that can be earned lImIted by the wIllmgness ofpeople to pay and the abIlIty ofthe LVK to collect, It IS Important to mcrease the effiCIency ofsystem operatIOns to reduce the cost ofwater actually delIvered to the consumer ThIS reqUIres accurate data on what IS actually happenmg m the system m order to take appropnate and effectIve measures to Improve operatIOns
The second reason IS that the LVK has an OPPOrtunIty to borrow somethmg between 10 and 50 mIllIon USD for capItal mvestment durmg the next five to ten years DeCISIons on mvestment pnontles must be made and accurate data IS cntIcal to makmg these deCISIOns
24 NORMS
Dunng the SOVIet penod a data base was created usmg InfOrmatIOn from many CItIes and regIOns whIch could be used to predIct average values for a WIde varIety ofparameters WIthm a water system These are predIctIve values for parameters lIke consumptIOn per person based on apartment SIze, consumptIOn In an mdustry based on the amount ofproduct produced, wastage per applIance, leakage per km ofpIpe, maxImum flow expected m a system, etc These are very SImIlar to standard deSIgn parameters used by engmeers and planners m Western Europe and the USA
In the FSU thIS went further than deSIgn and carne to be also used for chargmg for water where meters dId not eXIst and for predIctmg other losses for tarIffpurposes These were essentIally average values calculated at a certam pomt m tlme based on a large sample taken over an extenSIve regIOn (e g , VladIvostok to LVIV) WhICh has many dIfferent condItIons Therefore It should not be surpnsmg that m any speCIfic area, espeCIally With the WIder aVailabIlIty ofwater-usmg applIances and newer matenals, that the actual usage, leakage, etc vanes from the establIshed norms
ept lVlvl756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmt2 wpd 2-2 20Aug97 When the FSU was one large, planned and financed economIC system the varIatIOns from locatIOn to locatIOn dId not make much dIfference to the overall State economy when usmg norms to establIsh tanffs and bIlls for water usage Where norms mstead ofmeasurements are used m an Isolated system for both predlctmg operatmg condItIOns and establIshmg tanffs then problems can occur m the measurement and financmg ofthe system when there IS a major vanatIOn between actual and theoretIcal (norms) values
For these reasons It IS cntlcal for a vodokanal, such as the LVK, whIch IS heavIly dependent on the use ofnorms, to understand what the relatIOnshIp IS between the actual and normatIve values
2 5 TERMINOLOGY
The followmg termmology IS applIed m thIS report
ConsumptIOn The amount ofwater that IS actually consumed (and not wasted m mstallatIOns) m the household, mstItutIOn or mdustry
Wastage Water that IS lost (not productIvely used) after It has entered the consumer's premIses Examples oftills would be leaky faucets and pIpes
Network losses The amount ofwater that IS lost to the soIl from leaks m the mam pIpes, dlstnbutlon pIpes or servIce connectIOn pIpes, from leakmg valves and tanks, etc
Usage The amount ofwater used on a (or many) consumer's premIses or wltilln a defined area or system It WIll mclude consumptIOn and wastage
Demand The theoretIcal or predIcted usage by a consumer In Ukrame the demands are generally determmed usmg State estabhshed norms
ept IV1V/756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmt2 wpd 2-3 20Aug97 I > / \ WELL FIELDS /' ) ~~/ NORTH 1 Rava Ruska ( 2 Mahenv ~©f(fj/ / 3 Shostaky l 4 Krekhlv 5 Kunm / \ 6 Mokrotyn 7 Zarudtsl ""- WEST / 8 VoI,a Dobrostanska ) 9 Velykopole / / 10 Kam,anobrody 11 Malchytsl ( 12 Budzen HAL A 13 Kemytsla SOUTH 14 Stry, 15 Hlynna Navana 16 Blbrka 17 Malechkovychl EAST l--r) 18 RemezlVts, 19 PluhlV (K SrA ( BL r 20 VIIshanytsla ----~- ) ( LEGEND CD Mokrotyn QJ ZoloLhn Pump stalion ~ TransmiSSion line CJSUSK City ------/' Oblast boundary Hydrologic divide Baillc Sea/Black Sea
Figure 2-1 Schematic Layout of the LVIV Water System
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND IU.WI) TECHNOLOGY PROJECT :t9 CH2M HILL I"temotlOnal ServILe, Inc "'*'111 ept LVlv/795/sb/freehand/maplwsp fh5\23Sep97 • ~ SectIOn 3 SYSTEM MEASUREMENTS - CONSUMPTION
The abIlIty to know the total consumptIOn by users m the system IS severely lImIted by the lack ofwater meters on the dIrect connectIOns (kontos) ofconsumers to the dIstnbutIOn system Table 3-1 Illustrates the problem ofaccurately measurmg the consumptIOn ofwater m the system Ifthe estImated consumptIOn was evenly dlstnbuted WIthm the kontos ofeach user group, then the amount ofwater that IS actually measured by meter IS about 15 to 16 percent ofthe total Conversely It means that the LVK IS estimatmg about 85 percent ofthe consumptIOn m theIr system
Table 3-1 Meters Installed and EstImated ConsumptIOn by Consumer Groups -1995 Group Number EstImated Meters % ofTotal ofKontos m3/d 010 m3/d/konto Number Number Workmg Flow Installed Workmg °/0 Metered! ReSidential 19,632 164,300 558 837 13,609 509 3 2 Sector Industry 3,489 21,000 7 1 602 No data 1179 34 2 Communal 2,058 87,500 297 4252 No data 675 33 10 SerVIces Budget 987 21,900 74 22 19 No data 260 26 2
Instlt'utJ.ons -- Total 26,166 294,700 100 11 26 No data 2623 10 16
These consumptIOn estImates, WhICh represent almost 85 percent ofthe water that IS alleged to be delIvered to consumers, are based on State establIshed norms, prevIOUS readmgs when an mstalled meter dId eXIst or an estImate by someone III the LVK ThIS means that the potentIal for error m estImatmg the total consumptIOn m the system IS hIgh
Smce the State establIshed norms are the most frequently used means for estlmatmg the consumptIOn by the LVK, It was felt to be Important to venfy the valIdIty ofthe norms for varIOUS groups ofusers under dIfferent condItIOns ofwater servIce
3 1 INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
There are many mechanIcal engmeenng, food, lIght mdustry enterpnses and other mdustnes m LVIV and they amount to almost 3,500 kontos Water consumptIOn ofthe enterpnses depends on the character ofproductIOn, raw matenal, final product, water usage m productIOn and-water supply scheme In 1995, the average water usage for an mdustnal connectIOn was
I An estunate based on dIvldmg the flow evenly between the operatmg (workmg) meters m each group ept IVlvl756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmt3 wpd 3-1 20Aug97 1 estImated to be about 6 m3/d/konto or a total average flow of21,000 m3/d (about seven percent ofLVIv's estImated water consumptIOn) The LVK's lIst of3,500 mdustnal customers was revIewed and 18 enterpnses were selected for mspectIOn Based on the mspectIOn, 15 were selected for a more thorough analysIs One of the selectIOn cntena was the presence ofa calIbrated flow meter These 15 enterpnses consume about 8,000 m3/d or 38 percent ofwater estImated to be used by all the mdustnal enterpnses
Generally, m order to meet the needs ofmdustnal operatIOns the enterpnses must have a 24-hour water supply That IS why most enterpnses (10 out ofthe 15 surveyed) have water storage tanks that provIde 40 - 370 percent ofthe average daIly reqUIrements for water Many ofthem also have wells whIch supply mdustnal grade water The enterpnses mspected had from one to three servIce connectIOns (some ofthem are not muse) rangmg from 50 to 300 mm m dIameter Most conSIsted of 100 to 150-mm dIameter pIpes All the enterpnses mspected had operable shut-offvalves on the servIce connectIOns The mspectIOn dId not reveal any VIsIble mdicatIOn ofleakage on the terrItory ofthe enterpnses BaSIC data on the mdustnal enterpnses selected for study are presented m the Table A-I, AppendIX A
To estImate the actual, daIly water consumptIOn, the monthly water consumptIOn based on meter readmgs was dIVIded by the number ofworkmg days m a month The predIcted consumptIOn based on norms was determmed usmg the current State codes and standards One means used m the code for estImatmg the predIcted water consumptIOn IS to use the monetary value ofthe products produced at a gIven type ofenterpnse The actual water consumptIOn, as measured by the mstalled meters ofthe mspected enterpnses vaned WIdely agamst the consumptIOn that was predIcted usmg the norms, WIth ratIOS ofthe actual-to-norm usage rangmg from 03 to 12 The actual-to-norm ratIO for the sum ofall ofthe 15 enterpnses was 1 24 The results ofthese compansons are presented m Table A-2
The dIfference between the predIcted consumptIOn based on norms and the actual consumptIOn ofthe enterpnses can be accoUIlted for WIth many reasons mcludmg
• the eqUIpment or processes actually used m the enterpnses dIffered from that used m calculatmg the standard norms
• water IS used from the CIty dIstnbutIOn system where normally mdustnal well or recycled water would be used (or VIce-versa)
• the enterpnse IS not workmg at ItS deSIgn capaCIty
• the baSIS for the estimatmg the water usage productIOn ofthe enterpnse based on the value ofproductlOn (m monetary umts) does not hold when 1982 pnces (baSIS for the norms) are converted mto 1996 pnces
• the product lme does not fit well WIth the norms publIshed m the survey m 1982
Another reason why the actual-to-norm ratIO IS hIgh could be that some mdustnal enterpnses supply, through mternal connectIOns, servIce for secondary users that are assocIated WIth the
ept IVlv/756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msnntJ wpd 3-2 20Aug97 enterpnse such as resIdentIal structures, kmdergartens etc For tIllS study, enterpnses WIth thIS type ofaddItIOnal usage were not selected
3 2 COMMUNAL SERVICES
Accordmg to the LVK method ofclassIficatIOn, tlus consumer group mcludes vanous enterpnses and mstItutIOns rangmg from cultural mstItutes to pubhc transport and collectIve farms Out of2,000 communal users 11 were mspected and five were chosen for further analySIS Three ofthese had a SIX hour (per day), scheduled water supply and two (state CIrcus and a cultural club) had a 24-hour water supply
The surveyed enterpnses had one or two servIce connectIOns of32 to 100 mm dIameter The servIce connectIOns had operable shut offvalves mstalled VIsual mspectIOn ofthe meters mdICated that they were functIOnmg Only one ofthe meters was not mstalled accordmg to State standards (state cIrcus)
Table A-3 compares the results ofthe calculated usage (based on State norms) and the daIly water usage measured by the mstalled meters The total actual water usage ofthe communal users mspected conformed approxImately WIth the total water usage that would be predIcted usmg State norms
3 3 BUDGET INSTITUTIONS
Budget mstItutIOns mclude hospItals and polyclImcs, educatIOnal mstItutIOns etc Out of 1,000 budget mstItutIOns eIght were mspected and seven selected for further analySIS FIve of the mstitutIOns had a SIX hour water supplv and two mstitutIOns (raIlway polychmc and blood transfuSIOn statIOn) had a 24-hour water supply
The surveyed enterpnses have one to three servIce connectIOns rangmg from 80 to 150 mm m dIameter All the servIce connectIOns had shut offvalves The meters at the surveyed locatIOns were functIOnmg and all, except secondary school No 88, were mstalled m complIance WIth the State standards
Table A-4 compares the results ofcalculatIOns and the daIly actual water usage ofthe budget mstItutIOns The actual water usage (based on mstalled LVK meters) ofmstItutIOns mspected exceeded the usage predIcted by the State norm by about 50 percent
3 4 RESIDENTIAL
Many reSIdents lIve m four to mne story apartment bUIldmgs m the suburbs ofthe CIty The average number offloors IS 6 42
2 LVlv Master Plan, Vol 1, 1992 ept IVlv/756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmt3 wpd 3-3 20Aug97 q ApproxImately 70 percent ofthe resIdential sector are supplIed \\lth water for SIX hours a day and only 20 percent have a 24-hour water supply About 50 percent ofthe reSIdential sector IS supplIed 'WIth hot water from the dIstnct heatmg facIlItIes, 40 percent use mdividual gas heaters mstalled for heatmg water and the remammg ten percent are neIther supplIed from dIstnct heatmg facIlItIes nor have gas heaters mstalled3
Accordmg to the LVK data the reSIdential sector has 509 flow meters (out of 19,632 kontos) mstalled whIch are both workmg and calIbrated There are another 13,600 flow meters whIch are mstalled but not workmg and cannot be repaIred Some ofthe operatmg flow meters are mstalled m the dlstnct heatmg faCIhtIes and the others are mstalled In the old area ofthe CIty m two to three story bUIldmgs There are almost no functIOmng flow meters m the hIgher apartment bUIldmgs m the new areas ofLVIV
FIfteen smaller reSIdential bUIldmgs were mspected and ten were selected for further analysIs These ten had flow meters mstalled on the servIce connectIOns Each ofthe bUIldmgs have one servIce connectIOn of20 to 50 rom dIameter In general, the servIce connectIOns had operable stop valves mstalled
VIsual mspectIOn ofthe flow meters mdlcated they were m workmg condItIOn and, except for the bUIldmg at 16 Dragomanova St , the meters had been mstalled m complIance With State standards Most ofthe flow meters were 1980's, SOVIet made Two flow meters were pre 1939, PolIsh made The seals on the flow meters showed that they were mstalled after repairs or calIbratIOn between 1986-1988 BaSIC data on the mstallatIOns are shown m Table A-5
ApproXImately 504 reSIdents lIve m the ten bUIldmgs selected for the survey All the surveyed bUIldmgs have two to three stones A summary ofthe water supply schedule and prOVISIOns for hot water are presented m Table 3-2
Table 3-2 Water Supply Schedule and Source of Hot Water Water supply Number of Residents Percent of total 24 hours per day 116 23 6 hours per day 388 77 Total 504 100 Hot water from a DHF 264 52 IndIVIdual gas heaters 240 48 Total 504 100 Note DHF - dIstrIct heatmg faCIlIty
The percentage ofpeople WIth SIX and 24-hour service IS roughly m proportIOn to the SItuatIOn m LVIV as a whole
3 COWl, March 1996 ept IVIV1756fuh reports\probl_sm\R9msnnt3 wpd 3-4 20Aug97 Table A-6 presents the LVK data on the water consumptIOn m the bUIldmgs mspected m 1995 and mist halfof 1996
3 4 1 Comparison ofActual and Norm-Based Water Usage
The table below compares the predIcted water consumptIOn based on norms to the actual consumptIOn as mdIcated by metered flow
Table 3-3 ResIdential Water Usage - Measured Versus PredIcted Hours Number Usage Actual! pfWater Address of Measured (meter) PredIcted (by norm) Norm ServIce ResIdents m3/mo lcd m3/mo lcd RatIO 24 Dragomanova 36 14 304 700 91 210 333 24 N Levytskoho, 16 36 576 516 234 210 246
24 - SnopklVska, 8 17 -f- 236 448 111 210 213 24 Hhbova,3 31 413 429 202 210 204 24 Hhbova,8 18 107 192 117 210 092 Subtotal (24 hours) 116 1635 755 217 6 Bohuna 9 40 535 431 260 210 205 6 Donetska, 10 26 199 247 169 210 1 17 6 Vyhovskoho, 63 264 994 121 1187 145 084 6 ~lldtnovskykh,25 41 198 156 267 210 074 6 Trusha,24 17 54 103 111 210 049 Subtotal (6 hours) 388 1980 1994 099 Total 502 7230 5498 132
Table 3-3 shows that the water usage m the resIdentIal bUIldmgs WIth a 24-hour water supply exceeds the predIcted norm by about 100 percent, whIle the water usage m the reSIdentIal bUIldmgs WIth a SIX hour water supply almost equals the norm The schedule for provIdmg water for SIX hours per day comcIdes WIth the natural tIme for the maXImum water demand Some ofexcess water usage by apartments WIth a 24 hour water supply can be accounted for by leaks m plumbmg fixtures For thIS small random selectIOn, the amount ofwater used exceeds, by 30 percent, the amount charged for by the LVK It mdIcates that further mvestIgatIOn ofthe actual versus norm-based usage be made
ept lVlvl756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msnntJ wpd 3-5 20Aug97 3 4.2 AnalysIs of Wastage
Data from the RussIan Academy ofCommunal Economl gIves a predIctIOn ofthe potentIal wastage from resIdentIal fixtures due to leakage etc These data are summanzed m Table 3-4
Table 3-4 Predicted Wastage III Residential Fixtures
Future Predicted Wastage III a Percentage ofFixtures Average Predicted Faulty Fixture Predicted to be Faulty Wastage per Fixture m3/d lid Water Closet 6 25 150 Bathroom Faucet 5 12 60 Kitchen Faucet 7 15 105
On the baSIS ofthese data, an estImate was made ofthe water usage due to fixture wastage (leakage) m the bUIldmgs mspected An assumptIOn was made that each apartment has one water closet, kltchen faucet and bathroom faucet The results ofthe calculatIOns and the companson ofthe predIcted water losses based on norms are presented m Tables A-7 and A 8
In the bUIldmgs m thIS survey that have a 24-hour water supply, the total predIcted water consumptIOn, mcludmg leakage, would be 34 5 m3/d whIle the actual (measured) water usage was 52 7 m3/d In the bUIldmgs wIth a SIX hour water supply, the predIcted (norm) and actual water demand were 728 and 63 9 m3/d respectively
Based on the data from thIS sample ofresIdentIal bUIldmgs, the measured (actual) water usage IS almost 150 percent ofthe predIcted water usage (norms plus theoretIcal leakage)
The actual flow pattern (flow versus tIme) were measured at three apartment bUIldmgs With 24-hour servIce usmg a Panametncs ultrasonIc flow recorder Where possIble pressure was recorded usmg a DIckson pressure recorder The reSIdentIal bUIldmgs wIth a 24-hour supply whIch were selected are located at Nekrasova 57, Doroshenka 57, Kostehvka (Matrosova) 20 The bUIldmgs have four to five floors WIth a floor heIght of3 to 33m The results ofthe survey and calculatIOns are presented m Table 3-5
4 A 3 EB3MJIeBH'l Onm6KH B 3KCTIJIyaTan:HH BOtJ;OpOBO,ll;OB H KaHaJIH3aUHH 11 , CTpoHH3tJ;aT, 1972 (A Z Jevzelevlch Drawbacks and Mistakes In Water and Wastewater System OperatIOn L, Stro]lzdat, 1972) ept IV1V1756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmG wpd 3-6 20Aug97 Table 3-5 Water Usage m Selected ResIdentIal BUIldmgs Address Floors ResI- Apart- Measured Predicted (Norm) ActuaV dents ments Water Usage Water Usage Norm Icd m3/d Icd m3/d RatIO Doroshenka,57 4 23 8 591 136 210 48 282 Kostehvka 20 5 85 40 419 356 210 179 199 Nekrasova,57 5 304 105 386 1172 210 638 1 84 Total 412 153 1664 865 192
The dally flow curves m FIgure 3-1 mdlcate that durmg the hours from 1 am to 5 am and from 2 pm to 4 pm water demand IS constant (the flow curves are almost honzontal)
Ifwe compare the value ofwater usage m these hours WIth the values ofpressure, we WIll see that water usage IS approxImately proportIOnal to the square root ofthe pressure Thus, we can draw the conclUSIOn that the water usage at that tIme IS accounted for by leakage Table 3-6 presents values ofwater usage and leakage m the bmldmgs per reSIdent
Table 3-6 Components ofWater Usage m Selected ReSidential BUIldmgs Address Number of ConsumptIOn Leakage Total Usage ReSidents m3/d Icd m3/d led m3/d led Doroshenka, 57 23 59 256 77 334 136 590 Kostehvka, 20 85 234 275 122 144 356 419 Nekrasova, 57 304 601 197 57 1 188 1172 385 Total 412 216 186 402
A bul1dmg m 86 Shyroka St , (LevandIvka area) WIth 500 reSIdents was also mspected The bmldmg has 14 floors A flow meter was mstalled on the servIce connectIOn for the cold water Accordmg to the results ofmterviewed reSIdents, the water pressure IS not suffiCIent to prOVIde all the floors With water Generally, water reaches reSIdents no hIgher than the 5th floor The measured water usage was 71 8 m3/d compared to the predIcted water usage of 72 5 m 3/d
When the program study was bemg accomplIshed, several mechanIcal flow meters were purchased and mstalled m some reSIdentIal bmldmgs Over a penod ofone month the EPTlLviV staffregularly took meter readmgs to estImate the actual water usage The bmldmgs surveyed are located m the area where water IS supphed for SIX hours or less a day Table A-9 presents results ofthe measurements The actual and norm-based water usage are compared m Table 3-7
ept IVlvl756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msnnt3 wpd 3-7 20Aug97 Table 3-7 Comparison ofActual and Predicted Water Usage m ResidentIal BUlldmgs '"Ith a SIX Hour Water Supply No Address Number Predicted (Norm) Usage m3/d) ActuaV of Residents Usage, led Actual Norm Norm Ratio 1 Strylska,75 (1-4 entrances) 455 145 57 66 086 2 Strylska,75 (5-8 entrances) 452 145 58 66 089 3 Paslchna, 89 (dormitory) 321 85 30 27 1 11 4 Antonenka- Davydovycha, 3 3,437 300 996 1031 097 (DHF No 11) 5 Lysenetska, 5a (DHF No 5) 2261 300 797 678 1 18 Total 6.926 1938 1868 104 Note DHF - district heatmg faCIlIty
The results show that for these bUIldmgs the actual water usage ranges from 86 to 118 percent ofthe predIcted usage (by norm for a contmuous water supply) The average was about 104 percent Measurments for leakage were not carned out
3.5 VILLAGE WATER SUPPLY
In order to estImate the water usage ofthe VIllages supphed WIth water by the LVK system, measurements were carned out at the Stryl well field and Hlynna-Navana and Stare Selo pump statIOns m order to measure the amount ofwater dehvered to the VIllages The LVK reports that these VIllages are proVIded WIth water 24 hours a day There are no flow meters on the water mams leadmg to the VIllages
Flow was measured over a 24-hour penod at the Stare Selo pump statIOn The results ofthese measurements mdicated that the water usage, or flow, IS constant WIth tIme and there IS no great dIfference between the water usage between day and mght ThIS can be mdicative of leakage on the water mam, open taps, fillmg oftanks, etc Shorter term water flow measurements were carned out at the Stryl well field and Hlynna-Navarm pump statIOn outlets ofthe pipehnes conveymg water to the VIllages The dally water usage for these VIllages was estImated usmg the assumptIOn (based on the work m the Stare Selo pump statIOn) that the water usage was essentially constant over a 24-hour penod
The LVK charges the VIllages accordmg to the norm of 170 led Data on the VIllages and theIr - actual and predIcted water usage are compared III Table 3-8
ept IVIVf7~6/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msnntJ wpd 3-8 20Aug97 Table 3-8 I Water Usage ofVIllages I Well FIeld & VIllage EstImated Amount ofWater Used Actual/Norm Pump StatIOn Number of (m3/d) RatIo ResIdents Measured Norm Stryl Bratklvtsl 1,300 223 Zhulyn 1,055 181 Semyhymv 1,164 199 Total 3,519 5,952 603 987 Hlynna-Navana Porshna 481 83 SokIlnykl 5,191 895 Solonka 1,301 224 Total 6,973 984 1,202 082 Stare Selo Stare Selo 2,160 371 BudklV 668 115 Pldmonastyr 530 91 Total 3,358 445 577 077 Total of All Villages 13,850 7,381 2,382 310
Based on these measurements the ratIo ofactual to predIcted (based on norms) water usage of the VIllages vanes from 0 7 to about 10 Although the avaIlable data IS msufficient to make hard conclusIOns about the amount and character ofwater usage m the VIllages, It would be reasonable to say that It probably exceeds the predIcted norms However, It IS an area whIch deserves further mvestIgatIOn
36 WATER METERS
The LVK reports that presently the water supply system has about 26,000 consumer (kontos) connectIOns to the system Each connectIOn may serve many people and actIvItIes Only ten percent ofthese connectIOns have workmg meters mstalled It IS known that more than 50 percent ofall connectIOns had meters mstalled at one tIme but many ofthese have eIther faIled and/or were removed
An mspectIOn ofthe servIce connectIOns was made at 48 locatIOns, representmg dIfferent consumer groups selected at random that are bIlled accordmg to the norms ofwater consumptIOn (see Table 3-9) The mspectIOn has revealed that 89 percent ofthe locatIOns had meters mstalled but only 30 percent oflocatIOns had meters that were functIOrung
ept IVlvl756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmG wpd 3-9 20Aug97 Table 3-9 I Survey ofServIce ConnectIOns I Group LocatIOns Meters Installed FunctlOnmg Meters Number % Number % Residential 26 22 85 5 19 Budget 14 14 100 6 43 Communal 7 6 86 2 28 IndustrIal I I 100 I 100 Total 48 43 89 14 30
ThIS has two ImplIcatIOns One, many locatIOns In the CIty have the fittIngs to enable a functIOmng meter to be Installed and thIS would ease the WIdespread InstallatIOn ofmeters The second IS that even Ifmeters are functIOmng, the LVK In some cases are stIll USIng norms to bIll the consumers
To try to estImate the servIce lIfe (tIme between repaIrs) oflarge meters In the system, ten servIce connectIOns were selected at five mdustnal enterpnses These enterpnses were supplIed wIth water accordIng to the same schedule but had Installed flow meters ofdIfferent dIameters and makes The results ofthe reVIew ofthe meter hIstones are presented In Table A-lO
AnalySIS ofthese data has shown that the meter servIce lIfe IS generally related to where It was manufactured Based on thIS lImIted sample It appears that the BCKM and YBK meters have the longest servIce lIfe The BCKM meters are manufactured by the Dmpropetrovsk plant WhICh manufactures eqUIpment for communal servIces The YBK meters are manufactured by the Lutsk Instrument plant All the meters have the manufacturer's certIficate speclfymg reqUIrements for mstallatIOn, warranty, total servIce lIfe
Accordmg to the manufacturers' certIficates, the meters mentIOned above have a
• warranty of 18 months, startIng from the day ofthe meter mstallatIOn and the begmmng ofItS functIOmng under the condItIOn that the consumer keeps to the reqUIrements ofmstallatIOn and mamtenance
• duratIOn ofservlceabihty (Without repairs) offour years
• total service hve of 12 years
The manufacturer speCifies that the meters should be tested and calIbrated once every two years and that they be Installed so that there IS a straight piece ofpIpe often dIameters ahead ofand five dIameters after the meter
Over the past several decades the LVK has fallen behInd In ItS efforts to mstall and maIntam functIOnmg water meters at each ofthe connectIOns (kontos) to the dIstnbutIOn system For
ept IVlvl756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmG wpd 3-10 20Aug97 the purposes ofb1l1mg consumers the LVK relIes heavIly on predICted flows based on State norms
A decIsIOn by the Head ofthe LVIV Oblast State AdmInIstratIOn No 573 (dated June 14, 1996) stIpulates a phased tranSItIOn to havmg 100 percent ofthe consumers metered by the year 2000 ThIs WIll mean that dunng the next three years about 23,000 meters WIll need to be mstalled, mamtamed, and read then on a regular basIs ThIs IS about ten tImes more than the LVK has now The financmlImplIcatIOns ofthIS are sIgmficant Usmg an average mstalled cost ofabout $200 (low end) to $400 (hIgh end), the InstallatIon cost would amount to somethmg m the order of $5 to $9 mllhon If SovIet-made meters are purchased Meters made In Western Europe could pOSSIbly double the overall cost
Although the SovIet-made meters are low In capItal cost, they reqUIre conSIderably more mamtenance and need to be routmely calIbrated at two year mtervals Currently the LVK has a meter maIntenance shop WIth about seven employees Ifthe 100 percent metenng occurred, both the number ofemployees and the SIze ofthe meter shop would need to be expanded as would the stafffor takmg meter readmgs and processmg the data One major problem WIth reparrs now IS the lack ofspare parts WhICh would probably reqUIre an annual expendIture m the order ofabout $5 per meter or about $100,000 per year for 26,000 meters
Although the meters would be useful for balancmg the water m the system (water m versus water out), the current method ofbIllmg most resIdentIal consumers IS by the use ofnorms Most resIdential consumers are located m large multI-famIly bUIldIngs, or groups of bUIldmgs, whIch are served by a smgle meter Ifthe new meters are to be used for bIllmg purposes, then some method must be deVIsed to apportIOn the water metered to the multIple number offamIlIes that are attached to a smgle metered connectIOn
ept IV1V1756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmt3 wpd 3-11 20Aug97 'IE' RA~OtIH OS; '3 I TE 1 I ~ ,..-__-=-_-.:=--_.=...:... ---""'"":""------..,------, 1 a I I I I f I I, ~ I I I a I I I r r S I I I 7 I ! t r I I I• ? I I I I I r I I t I•I I. 6 I I I' ______~------~--~------~--~------:5 I I I I L I r I .. I I I I I I :s I I I If' I 2 I I I I f I ! 1 e J L -.:...I I .J..-I ..J '3 a STAPf TIME ,<-A, DOFOSHE'II'A 57 SITE 1 I I 0 I I I Q" , I r f I ! I 9 I I I 8 f r I I e I I I ., '( I I I I 7 I I I 6 I I I f I 6 I I I :s ------~------~------~-----~------:5 I I I . , I 4 I I I 4 I I I . 3 r I I 3 I I I + 2 I I I . I 2 I + I I I f f t r I eOL.- I I I -..Jaa START TIME X-AXIS L28 minutes PEP-DIU END TIME 14: 38136 prl 12126136 Ptl IS AUG '6 Y-AYIS MA'< 200e a L'H 16 AUG 96 SIT25 MATPO:OUA I 3r---....:.:.:.:...:..~:.:..:..:.:.------__:_------;------'"1 I 0 I I I f I I f I I I I f I a 8 I I I I I f 7 '( I I I I I I' 6 6 I I I ~ ~ ~------~------~~w------_____ S I I I .+ !' f" ~ j I .. 4 I I I I I r I I' 3 I I I I .1 I L u 2 2 I I 1 I r I ILl a .,IL .:.I------:-:---'----:::::-::-:-:-:-:--'-----::-:-:-:.-":":'-:-:: e e STRRT TIME ~-HYIS 120 mtnu~es PEP-DIU EHD TIME 01101 3T Pl1 12149137 PM 16 AUG "6 Y-A> IS MRY :I 0 m"'3/h 17 AUG 96 Figure 3-1 Dally Flow Curve In ReSidential BUlldmgs With 24h Water Supply ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND TECHNOLOGY PROJECT tl'*j'" Cl/21' HILL Internattonal ServIces Inc 'I',." eot LVlvI3941tglpumppslinspect vsd/15Aug97 • SectIon 4 SYSTEM MEASUREMENT - PRODUCTION 4.1 WELL FIELDS A sIgmficant problem m system measurement IS the lack ofadequate data on the amount of water that IS produced to supply the system Most well fields do not have flow meters to measure eIther mdividual wells or productIOn from entIre well fields There are 20 well fields that supply the LVIV system To Improve the understandmg ofthe productIOn ofthe well fields and the charactenstics of mdividual wells, measurements and observatIOns were made from August to October 1996, at selected well fields m the North, West and South groups The followmg parameters were measured • well productIOn and velocIty ofwater flow m the pipeimes • dIscharge head at well outlets and pressure m the water mams • depth to the dynamIC water surface m the wells • power consumed by well pumps ThIS demonstrated how the measurements could be taken and mcrease the EPT and LVK staff's knowledge ofthe performance ofselected wells 411 North Group Shostaky Well Field The Shostaky well field conSIsts ofthree wells rangmg m depth from 60 to 70 m The outSIde dIameter ofeach well casmg IS 426 mm The wells have well pumps (ofmodel EIJ;B 12-16 100I) mstalled wIth the 65-kW motors The total capaCIty ofthe motors mstalled IS 195 kW The wells dIscharge mto a water mam wmch also receIves water from the Rava-Ruska and Mahenv well fields The Shostaky well field also proVIdes water to one VIllage There IS no meter mstalled on the pipeime leadmg to the VIllage Based on the measurements, the amount ofwater bemg dIscharged mto the water mam was estImated as No 1 well- 129 m3/h No 2 well- 137 m3/h No 3 well- 155 m3Jh The total water flow wIth three pumps operatmg was estImated at 420 m3/h or 10,100 m3/d I The model ofthe pump IS a code the first number IS the pump outSIde dIameter m mches, the second IS the 3 flow rate, dIvIded by ten m m /h, the thIrd IS the head In m ept IVIVI7'i6/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmt4 wpd 4-1 20Aug97 EPT staffmeasured the draw down m the wells as 3 m (the level dropped down from 32 m to 35m from ground surface) Based on these data, transmIssIvIty IS 21 11 xl 0-3 m2Is or 1824 m2/d The average transmIssIvIty ofthIS well field as reported by the UkrzakhIdheolohia Research InstItute IS 864 m2/d The measurements were accomplIshed m a ramy year, that IS why the overall average annual well field productIOn would be less When the well pump was shut off, consIderable reverse water flow occurred WhICh IS an mdicatIOn that one or more ofthe check valves were not functIOnmg 4 1.2 North Group Maherlv Well Field The Mahenv well field conSIsts ofrune wells rangmg m depth from 60 to 70 m The dIameter ofthe wells IS 426 nun Most wells have EUB 12-16-100 pumps mstalled WIth 65 kW motors The wells dIscharge mto a water mam whIch also receIves water from the Rava Ruska and Shostaky well fields Based on the measurements taken With EPT's portable ultrasoruc meter, the productIOn ofthe Mahenv well field IS estImated at about 1,130 m3/h or 27,100 m3/d The Mahenv well field prOVIdes water to some nearby VIllages There IS no meter mstalled on the pipelme leadmg to the VIllages The results ofthe measurements are shown m Table A-II 413 West Group Budzen Well Field The Budzen well field produces water from 22 wells There are eIght SItes WIth two wells on each and SIX SItes WIth one well each The wells are located about 20 to 30 m from one another and are up to 70 m m depth The dIameter ofthe wells IS 426 nun The wells have pumps mstalled WIth motors rangmg from 17 to 45 kW The total capaCIty ofthe pumps mstalled IS 715 kW The wells dIscharge mto the water mam whIch conveys water to a tank at the Budzen II pump statIOn ThIS pump statIOn also receIves water from the KemytsIa well field When the measurements were bemg made, 16 wells ofthe Budzen well field were functIOrung at the motors' total capaCIty of 525 kW Measurements ofwater flow and level m the well casmgs were accomplIshed at wells No 13, 13a and 15 These wells have EUB 10-120-60 pumps WIth 32 kW motors The measurements mcluded estImates ofthe flow and depth to the dynamIC water surface when the wells were dlschargmg water mto the water mam These data are presented below No 13 well 95 m3/h and 235m No 13a well 113 m3/h and 235m No 15a well 129 m3/h and 250m The draw down m the wells was 28m When the pump m the well was shut off, reverse water flow took place whIch IS an mdIcatIOn that a check valve IS not functIOnmg ept IVIV/756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msnnt4 wpd 4-2 20 <\ug97 4.1 4 South Group: Stryl Well FIeld The Stryl well field provIdes 35 percent ofLVIV'S water supply However, there are no flow meters mstalled m the well field to measure eIther the mdividual or total flows from the wells Usmg the EPT ultrasomc flow meter, a measurement ofthe flow m the mam water transmISSIOn system commg from the well field was made The result ofthIs 24-hour measurement was a flow ofabout 123,670 m3/d Durmg the penod from September through November 1996 a number ofmeasurements and observatIOns were made at the Stryl well field Some ofthese data are shown m Tables A-12 through A-15 The Stryl well field conSIsts of35 wells rangmg m depth from 22 to 30 m The dIameter of the wells IS 426 mm The wells have pumps mstalled wIth motors from 22 to 45 kW The total capacIty ofthe motors mstalled IS 1266 kW ThIs capacIty IS dIvIded between 1199 kW to supply water for LVIV and 67 kW to supply water to nearby vIllages The specIficatIOns of the pump umt mstalled IS presented m the table below Table 4-1 SpecIficatIOns ofStryl Well FIeld Pump EqUIpment Well Nos Number of Make Pump CharacterIstics Motor Capacity Pumps ofPump Flow (m3/h) Head (m) (kW) Water Supply for LVIV 1-11 11 EIJ;B 12-160-65 160 65 45 12-26a, 22 EIJ;B 12-255-30 255 30 32 28-34 Water Supply for Villages 7 1 EIJ;B 10-63-65 63 65 22 27 1 EIJ;B 12- 160-65 160 65 45 Based on the physIcal layout ofthe well field, It IS dIvIded mto three groups ofwells • Group 1 There are 11 wells m thIS group (No 1 through No 11) Ten wells dIscharge water mto a separate 600-mm dIameter water mam whIch transfers the water mto a 1200-mm diameter water mam One ofthese wells (No 7) transmIts water to VIllages • Group 2 There are 10 wells m thIs group (No 12 through No 21) All the wells ofthIs group dIscharge water mto a separate 600-mm dIameter water mam WhICh transfers the water mto the 1200-mm dIameter water mam • Group 3 There are 13 wells m thIs group (No 22 through No 34 plus Well No 30a) Wells No 22 through No 31 dIscharge water mto a separate 600-mm dIameter water mam whIch then transfers the water mto the 1200-mm dIameter water mam Wells ept IVlv/756/uh reports\probUm\R9msrmt4 wpd 4-3 20Aug97 No 32,33,34 and 30a dIscharge mto a separate 300-mm dIameter pipeime whIch IS connected to a 1000-mm dIameter water mam The 1000-mm mam transfers water mto the 1200-mm diameter water mam Well No 27 transmIts water to nearby vIllages The well field IS supplIed \VIth electrICIty VIa two overhead power lInes from a 6-kV control center located at the SIte ofWell No 1 There IS a 6/0 4-kV control transformer substatIOn located near each welf The pump umts are controlled usmg SWItch boards located m brIck houses on each mdiVIdual well SIte Power consumptIOn IS metered at the Zhulyn 11 O/35/6-kV transformer substatIOn whIch energIzes a 6-kV power control center A kW meter IS mstalled on the lead-m cables to the 6 kV power control center but theIr relIabIlIty IS unknown Usmg EPT portable mstrumentatIOn, the followmg measurements were made at the each wells ofStryi well field • flow rate • head on the well dIscharge pIpe • depth to the dynamIC water surface m the wells • current (amps) consumed by the well pump motors Durmg the perIod when the EPT staffwas makmg measurements at the Stryl well field, the LVK was cleanmg wells m Groups I and 2 In an effort to analyze the effiCIency ofthe cleanmg process, measurements were made before and after cleanmg The results ofthese measurements and calculatIOns are presented m Tables A-12 through A-15 It was observed that the operatIOnal characterIstIcs ofsome ofthe pumps, mcludmg some of the new and repaIred pumps, can dIffer sIgmficantly from theIr certIfied speCIficatIOns Another problem was that check valves on some ofthe wells dId not functIOn allowmg flow to occur down the wells when the pumps were shut off 4.1 5 Power ConsumptIOn Along WIth the water productIOn, the current (amps) consumed by the pump motors was measured m order to estImate the specIfic power consumptIOn at each well ofthe Stryi well field Voltage was not measured and assumed to be 380-V for each motor Based on these data, capaCIty and speCIfic power consumptIOn ofeach pump was estImated (Groups 1 and 2 after cleamng and Group 3 before cleanIng) The analySIS ofthe results has shown that the wells In Group 2, mostly haVIng the dIscharge pIpes of200 mm, are the most power effiCIent TheIr overall speCIfic power consumptIOn IS about 0 203 kWh/m3 The speCIfic power consumptIOn ofGroups 1 and 3, mostly havmg the dIscharge pIpes of 150 mm, IS about 0 250 3 kWh/m - almost 25 percent hIgher than ofGroup 2 The results ofthe measurements and calculatIOns are presented In Tables A-16 through 19 2 6/0 4-kW transformer converts 6,000 volts to 400 volts The well pumps use 380 volts, three phase power ept IVlvl756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmt4 wpd 4-4 20Aug97 These data can be used to focus attentIOn on the areas where further study mIght result m Improvements m the system 4.2 TRANSMISSION 4 2 1 TransmIssIon Mams In order to estImate losses m the water maIns caused by leakage and nonauthonzed connectIOns, measurements were carned out at four pomts on the water transmISSIOn maIn connectmg the Stryl well fields to the Mykolmv and SokIlnyky pump statIOns Measurements were carned out over a penod oftwo weeks (see Table A-20) at four pomts on the 1200-mm dIameter water transmISSIOn mam, that goes from the Stryl well field to the SokIlnyky pump statIOn These pomts were dIrectly after the Stryl well field, after the Mykolmv pump statIOn, m the VIllage ofDerevach (about halfway from Mykolmv to LVIV) and before the tanks at the SokIlnyky pump statIOn Measurements made on the water mam between the VIllage ofDerevach and SokIlnyky pump statIOn, 20 km from SokIlnyky, showed that the losses between Derevach and SokIlnyky amounted to about 8,000 m3/d WhICh makes 65% ofthe total water supply (see Table A-20) The dIfference m upstream and downstream measurements could be caused by leakage from the pipelme, water bemg dIverted by secondary connectIOns for use by others along the route ofthe transmISSIOn mam and by measurement error 42.2 Pump StatIOns In some ofthe pump statIOns that transfer water from the well fields mto the CIty there are flow meters or other means ofestImatmg the dmly flow However, the vahdity ofthe LVK data was not certam Therefore It was deCIded to go to the major pump statIOns and make measurements usmg vanous methods to check the data Data on flow and energy usage are cruCIal m analyzmg the system Energy usage by the pump statIOns are the most sIgmficant cost m the LVK's operatIOn Any analySIS wIll reqUIre realIstIC data so that proposed solutIOns WIll match the problem The EPTlLviV staffaccomphshed measurements ofwater flow, pressure and power consumptIOn at the seven pnncipal seven pump statIOns located at the CIty boundarIes For measurmg water passmg through the pump statIOns, the EPTlLviV staffm cooperatIOn WIth LVK representatIves, used a SImple and mexpenSIve measurmg method to estImate flow Measurements were made at several pump statIOns usmg a SIght glass to measure the changmg level ofthe water m the tanks on the suctIOn SIde ofthe pumps The measurements were made when the pumps were stopped and not removmg water from the tanks Thus the mcrease m water volume per umt tIme m the tanks represented the flow to that pump statIOn Flow m the statIOns was also measured later usmg a portable ultrasomc meter ept IV1V1756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmt4 wpd 4-5 20Aug97 The results ofthe 30 mmutes measurements are as follows Karachymv PS 45,000 m~/d (33,263 m3/d) SykhiV III PS 24,000 m3/d (14,433 m3/d) Budzen III PS 29,000 m3/d (25,135 m3/d) The first figure IS based on tank level readmgs for 30 mmutes and the figures m brackets show values offlow measured durmg 24 hours wIth a portable ultrasomc meter Data gathered by portable ultrasomc meter are mime wIth data obtamed by LVK meter mstalled (see Table A-20) ThIs demonstrated that the LVK's mstalled meters were sUItable for estimatmg flow but that tank level readmgs to measure the flow from prevIOUS pump statIOns were not EPT's portable ultrasomc flow meter permItted the EPT staffto estlmate the daIly and hourly flow at selected pump statIOns The table below presents the data on the amount ofwater dIscharged by the mam pump statIOns Table 4-2 Estimated Water Flow at Prmclpal Pump StatlOns- June to September 1996 Pump StatIOn Flow LocatIOn ofFlow m3/d Percent oftotal Flow Meter ZbOlSk 51,000 17 mlet Karachymv 33,000 11 outlet Budzen III 25,000 8 outlet Sokllnyky 116,000 38 mlet SykhlV III 14,000 5 outlet Malechkovychl 5,000* 2 no measurements Vynnyky 60,000 20 mlet Total 304,000 100 * Data reported by LVK Based on these measurements, the amount ofwater dIscharged by the pump statIOns reported by the LVK seems to be reasonably m hne WIth the data obtamed by the EPTILviV The dIfference IS about 10 to 15 percent for most pump statIOns However, there IS a sIgmficant dIfference between the measured and hIstone flow data at the ZbOlSk and SykhiV III pump statIOns ThIS dIfference was 55 and 66 percent respectIvely Based on EPT measurements for the penod m questIOn, the pnnclpal pump statIOns 3 dIscharged 304,000 m /d Accordmg to the LVK reported data In 1995 the pump statIOns dIscharged about 363,000 m3/d Thus, the hlstonc data from the LVK mdlcates a dally flow about 20 percent hIgher than the data measured dunng thIs penod The maIn reasons that could account for thIS dIscrepancy are ept IVlvl756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmt4 wpd 4-6 20Aug97 1 The ZbOlSk pump statIOn appears to receIve about 28,000 m3/d less water from the North well field group than the amount reported by the LVK ThIS dIfference can be accounted for by a smaller productIOn ofthe well fields, consIderable leakage and non-authonzed tappIng ofthe water maIn 2 The SykhiV pump statIon appears to dIscharge about 9,500 m3/d less water than the amount reported by the LVK Before the water from the BIbrka and Hlynna-Navana well fields reaches the SykhiV pump statIOn, a great part ofthIS water IS consumed through taps made along the water maIn route Pnnclpal pump statIOns have also been Inspected to male an analySIS ofthe dally use of aVailable storage capaCIty prOVIded by the storage tanks located at the statIOns Each ofthe tanks was gIVen an effiCIency ratIng based on how much ofthe tank's volume was used (that IS filled and emptIed) durIng a 24-hour penod AccordIng to the survey made, the effiCIency ofusmg tank volume on those days ranged from 0 percent at the Vynnyky pump statIOn (thIS statIOn IS regularly runnIng 24 hours a day) to 85 percent at the SokIlnyky pump statIOn DurIng the InSpectIOn ofthe pump statIOns, an analySIS ofthe dally pressure change was accomplIshed at the outlet from the pump unIt The pump statIOns prOVIde a dIscharge pressure from 2 6 to 7 0 atm only for SIX hours a day, generally from 6 am to 9 am and then agam from 6 pm to 9 pm Dunng the remammg 18 hours, the pump statIOns eIther do not run at all, or run WIth a reduced dIscharge pressure of0 5 - 2 O-atm Generally the pump statIOns have pumps mstalled whose technIcal charactenstlcs do not match theIr dIscharge condItIOns mto the CIty dlstnbutIOn system At some pump statIOns, the downstream pressure and flow IS controlled by partIally clOSIng a valve on the dIscharge ofthe pump whIch tends to waste energy The results ofdaily and hourly measurements offlow at the pump statIOns are presented In Tables A-20 and A-21 and In FIgure 4-1 FIgures 4-2 and 4-3 present results ofmeasurements at the pnncipal pump statIOns and theIr comparIson WIth the LVK data, such as flow, pressure, tank effiCIency and effiCIency ofthe capaCItIes Installed 4 3 DISTRIBUTION At the same tIme that data was beIng collected at the pump statIOns, pressure measurements were carrIed out for about a week at some pOInts In the dIstnbutIOn system Pressure recordIng gauges were Installed at the Inlet ofthe cold water supply at the dIstnct heatmg faCIlItIes m the area ofV Velyky - Naukova streets, Pasichna, Zolota, Varshavska streets and m the LevandIvka and SykhiV reSIdentIal areas On the baSIS ofthese measurements, the average hourly fluctuatIOns ofpressure were measured durIng a day Data on pressure In some pOInts ofthe network have been entered on the map ofLVIV and shown In FIgures 4-4 through 4-7 The pressure In the dIstnbutIOn network depends on the working schedule ofthe pump statIOns and ranges from 2 0 to 4 5-atm m the penods ofmaxImum water supply and from 0 2 ept IVlvl756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msnnt4 wpd 4-7 20Aug97 to 0 5-atm m the penods ofmmImum water supply Some areas m the system, such as PoIUla, Zolota and Varshavska Streets, have low pressures when compared to surroundmg areas and thIS may be an mdIcatIon of sIgmficant leakage or some hydraulIc problem The analySIS ofpressures throughout the system can be very valuable m analyzmg the operatIOn ofthe system and thIS can enhance the abIlIty ofthe LVK to Isolate and find problem areas m the system ept IVlvl756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msnnt4 wpd 4-8 20Aug97 ~- I I I ~~--, ,I LEGEND C- ') Park open space 'y'~,$~)'~::: j' I ~~ I -/ Ra lway I ~ L I \ City boundary 1996 I \ @ 1 t \ [J ~ Transmissionlina I .L ~ 'f WiZ ""\ 1 / ) I( ~ ~ \ - 1"-.....'\. DIstributionhoe -i-- _ ~ I • Pu.,..,statlon '" I • Tank , ) ~ Well field Break down Jun-Aug 95 Area generally having L\ 24-hoUrwater supply MlntrTUllwaler D-3hrll/day Po ntaof pressure "4 measurement [ , • 1- _'I't_Frowdlrectlonand quantity (x1000 rn3/day) , t I - Areas shown In data I [Hlcl 10 N '1on separate maps g III~ ,I 1 II I =~. " N I" I Ip J<. J \~ / if ~ 10 20~30 40~0r km Figure 4-1 f":; Measurements In Lvlv Water Supply System 1996 I,, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICYAND_ ' 120000 -rr======;------1 May September 100000 1996 80000 -t---,;;;=.------£ ::E M E 1060000 I I 40000 20000 ZbOlSk Karachymv Budzen III SokJlnyky SykhlV III Malechkovychl Vynnyky [J LVK annual average El EPT 24 h measurement IS by LVK meter reading Volume of Recelvmg Tank Storage Utilized at Major Pump Stations 100 E "C May 0 CIl 90 September III :::l 1996 c: CIl 80 E :5 :::l Q) 70 0 '0 E > 0 CIl 60 C) >. f! .0 50 Q) .sIII lii 40 .:t:. III ~ t: c: 11I S 30 ~ .... c: 0 .l!! £ ~ 20 0 0 > z .!!!.... 10 ~ 0 ZbOlSk Karachymv Budzen 1Il SokJlnyky Sykhlv III Malechkovychl Vynnyky • Active volume Figure 4 - 2 Major Pump Stations - Flow and Storage Measurements ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND TECHNOLOGY PROJECT ept LVlv\394\tg\pumpps\lnspect vsd/15Aug97 Pressure Measurements at Major Pump StatIons 7 May September 6 1996 5 .54 lU :I: 3 2 o Major Pump Stations 4000 May 3500 September 1996 3000 ~ 2500 I-Ii- I~ C. 2000 lU U 1500 1000 500 0 ZbolSk Karachymv Budzenill Sololnyky Syklnv ill Malechkovycln Vynnyky tl Total,nstalled motor capacIty kW II Average dally consumed capacity kW Flgure4-3 Major Pump Stations Pressure and Motor Capacity Measurements ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND TECHNOLOGY PROJECT ept LVlv\394\tg\pumpps\lnspect vsd/15Aug97 \ I \ - ~- ~~ ...... ------1 l_R_E_G_l_O__N_l ~ --~---~===::'!~~ • No Address Nome £lev Pressure ro O._-==O=2.5_~01::5==O=7.5 m Max VIm __1 0 /; 1 Strlysha ~t Soklloyky PS 344~1Q50 100 km 2 101 Slryl.ha SI KECH 34151135 35 3 <1 Nnukova St DHF4 34bO 280 10 Figure 4-4 \ 'I V Velykogo SI DHF 51 3404t 34b \ b 5 tOO Naukova ~t DHF lOO 337 4 '7 b 14 Pressure Measurements in Disributlon System - Region 1 6 116 Naukova SI DHF 116 J3JO 270 70 7 57 N'ukova St DHF 57 327J IS ~ h~ S 53 Nauhova St DHF'i3 J27~ 145 S~ 9 11 Naukova St DHF 4\ 332 0 200 \ 0 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICYANDI""I 10 17 Naukovll St DHF 17 3352 JI8 48 II % PuluJa SI DHF 36 J32 2 \O~ J ~ 1'ECHOLOGY PROJEC T ~ 12 7 Mvslyv.ka ~T DHr7 3325 3\ J \J CH2M HILL International ServicBg, Inc. • e t-lvlv\795\sb\lvovr13\a4n-me1 • 3° REGION 2 Sykhlv III PS ~ ~\ \ 'S; \\ \) v \ "-\ \ o 025 05 075 10 1: - km No Address Name E1ev Pressure m • m "tax \lin Figure 4-5 34 SylJ>lvska SI Sykhlv III I' 357 I 6.~ 0 160 35 lla Antonenlo Pressure Measurements in Disrlbution System - Region 2 Davydovycha ~1 DHF II 3500 121 92 36 19 Tesluka SI DHF 13 3370 25 ~ 11 37 33a Tryllovskogo SI DHF 18 3290 ~ IS ~ 36 260 Vomads!.oRo ~1 DHF 21 3300 372 IS 2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICYAND._ TECHOLOGY PRO/EC T ~ CH2M HILL Internatiollal Services, lrec. .. e t-IvIV\795\sb\lvovr13\a4n-me2 • ·=>"---0-_--0-2-5--0-5--0-7-5--1-'0 NQ A dress Name Elev Pressure m + m Max Mitt km 23 5 Waslngton St DHF 5 ;r/6 , 90 05 24 13 Wnslngton St DHF 13 m 0 123 1) 25 16 Shafaryka St DHF 16 3740 t4, 1 > Figure 4-6 '698 Pnskhnn ,t DHF 98 3710 h.J () 0 Pressure Measurements In Disribution System - Region 3 '7 5 Ly""nytska St 0 HF 5 172 0 q 0 10 28 12 KltnJskn St DHF 12 365 2 109 l> , 'Q 53 Pnskhna St DHF 53 1735 193 60 30 7 Mttdova Pecher. St DHF 7 '705 l' 1 J ENVIRONMENTAL POLICYAND.'I I¥lJ"'4JW.Uova Pechera S DHF 69 3730 H 05 32 t2 Pnskhna ,t DHF 42 3600 II!) 10 TECHOLOGY PROJEC T• 33 Hlynlansk trald St Kr chytsl P_ 2990 '00 '00 • CH2M HILL International Servlees, Ine. • e t-IvN\795\sb\lvovr13\a4n-me3 dw 23Se 97 REGION I ,1 r~1 I, 'I tL_= N ;; o 0 25 0 5 0 75•1 0 - I kin Nol - AddreSs Name Elev I Pressure m m MaxiMw Figure 4-7 14 92 POVltiana 5t DHF 92 3680 120 to 15 58 B Nyz;nna 5t DHF 58 308 0 100 60 Pressure Measurements In DIstribution System· Region 4 16 21 Zolota SI DHF 11 325010020 17 6 Zolota St DHF-6 3000270 20 18 38 50sura 5t DHF 38 2600400 50 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND_ 19 II Vypasova 5t DHF 11 2700200 20 20 9 Vypasova 5t DHF 9 2680 60 20 ~ T 21 18 P Pancha St DHF 18 2650400 70 TECHOLOGY PROJEC 22 39 Y Lvov 5t DHF 39 2650350 20 CHZM HILL International Services, Inc • • ept..fYIV\795\sb\lvovr13\a4n-me41dwa123Sep97 ~ Section 5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5.1 CONCLUSIONS I he major pioblem areas m system measUlement m the LVK water system at e I) an m"ufficient number of measunng devIce" m the system, 2) calibratIOn of the devIce" l11stalled, and 3) the analysIs and use ofthe data collected Many ofthe l11stalled devices ate not functIOl1lng plOperly and should be lepalled or replaced 2 A maJOi portion ofthe watel consumptIOn m the CIty IS based on estImates Only about 15 percent ofthe total consumption (and 10 percent of the connectIons) are measured by meter 3 Most ofthe estImates ofconsumptIOn used by the LVK to bIll consumers and determllle system performance are based on State norms 4 Based on the sample of mdustlIal and budget mstItutIons studIed as pat t ofthis ploJect, the actual usage IS lugher than the usage calculated by USll1g State nOllns 5 Based on the luntted sample ofcommunal users studIed as patt ofthis project, the actual usage IS applOxunately the same as the usage calculated by USll1g State norms 6 Based on the hmlted sample ofIeSIdentlal consumeiS studied as pat t oftins study, the usage IS plOportIOnal to the hours of water service aVaIlable The actual usage IS close to predicted by the norm when there IS service for about SIX hours but IS about 200 pel cent ofthe noun when thele IS selvlce for 24 hoUls 7 The genetallevel ofaccUlacy ofthe flows mto the city by the LVK at the major pump stations were confirmed by ll1dependent measmements made by EPT 8 Based on the lUnIted sample ofreSidential bmldmgs exammed with a 24-hoUl watel supply, wastage (due to leakmg plumbmg fixtures) makes up to 45 pelcent ofwater usage 9 Based on LVK lecords, the avelage service hfe ofa mete1 between repallS IS less than two years Most SovIet-made meter manufactUleiS requlle that the metels be lecahblated every two years 10 Ifthe metermg of 100 percent ofthe connectIom (kontos) to the LVIV system IS desued, It wIll Iequlle the pUlchase and InstallatIOn ofabout 21 600 meters and could cost 111 the lange 0[$5 to 9 mIllIon USll1g SovIet-made metels ThIs would ll1clude about 7 200 40-mm, 9,150 100-mm and 7,200 150- to 200-mm diameteIl11etels In addition, the stafffOi lepaIrS and cahblatIOn ofmeteIS would need to be sIg11lficantly ept IV1V1756/lih reporls\probl_~1lI\R9I11SJlnt5 wpd 5-1 20AlIg97 Increased (by about five times) Other Increases would Include workIng space for repairs and funds allotted for spare parts 11 Dunng system operatIOns, some ofthe storage tanks at the pnncipal pump statIOns are not used as efficIently as they could be to JustIfy theIr eXIstence 12 Water consumptIOn by the vIllages varIes relatIve to the norms consIderably Some of the measured consumptIOn IndIcated that usage was up to ten times the norm 13 The LVK has a control and dIspatch center where selected data for some ofthe pump statiOns IS sent electronIcally and used to gUIde operatIonal decISiOns ThIS center only has some basIc data collectiOn and dIsplay capabIlIties covenng only a hmited number ofparameters 52 RECOMMENDATIONS 1 The concept and start begInnIng ofa central data collectIOn system at the LVK eXIsts In the dIspatch center at the LVK headquarters on Zelena Street It IS recommended that the center be expanded as a locatiOn for the collectiOn ofdata on operatiOns and overall operatiOn ofthe system ThIs would Include upgradIng ofthe electrOnIC data gatherIng and dIsplay capabIhtIes as well as estabhshIng operatmg cntena for the system 2 The LVK should make an Investment plan to Improve the data collectiOn capabIlItIes ofthe organIzatiOn ThIS wIll mclude the InstallatiOn ofreqUIred measunng deVIces on a phased baSIS It IS pOSSIble that some ofthe deVIces and mstallatiOn can be funded by outSIde InternatiOnal donors Table 5-1 IS a hst ofsuggested measunng deVIces that are recommended for the water system and the phasmg ofthe mstallatIOn ThIS hst does not Include electrOnIC transmISSIOn ofthe data to the dIspatch center 3 The LVK should dISCUSS WIth the Head ofthe LVIV Oblast State AdmmistratiOn about hIs Order No 573 whIch was Issued and dated June 14, 1996 The order stIpulates a phased tranSItIOn to the InstallatIOn ofwater meters on all kontos (connectIOns) m the LVK system by the year 2000 The financIal ImphcatIOns ofthIs are severe and could cost the LVK m the order of$5 to $9 mllhon In capItal mvestment as well as an Increased annual cost for repairs, readIng and processmg the data It IS suggested that the LVK make a phased progrmn over a long penod oftime that pnontizes the InstallatIOn ofthe meters and the servIces, funds and workIng space needed to support It 4 The LVK should contInue theIr work on divIdmg the dIstrIbutIOn system mto separate pressure zones and then emphaSIze the mstallatIon ofpressure gauges In each zone Based on the data gathered by the EPT staff, It IS pOSSIble to use the pressure measurements m an area to IdentIfy pOSSIble hydraulIc problems, sIgmficant leakage, undocumented users etc ept IVlvl756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmt5 wpd 5-2 20Aug97 ,t 5 The LVK should study and then modIfy as appropnate the norms that are used for tanffand bIllIng purposes Based on the lImIted sample ofmeasurements It appears that the norms project a usage whIch IS below that WhICh has been measured The dIfference IS sufficIently large for It to have finanCIal ImphcatlOns In the tarIff structure 6 The LVK should meter the water delIvered to the VIllages 7 The LVK should spend more tIme In analyZIng the data and makmg operatIOnal Improvements based on these data ept ]vlvI756/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msnnt5 wpd 5-3 20Aug97 Appendix A TABLES The AppendIx contams tables With the results ofmeasurements taken by EPTILvIV as well as LVK data ept lVlv/7,6/uh reports\probl_sm\R9msrmta wpd A-I 20Aug97 31 Table A-1 Data on Selected Industrial Enterprises No Enterprise Name Address Source of Water Service Flow Metered Flow In Recycled Storage Connections Meter March - April 1996 Water Tank Diameter Norm Actual No dlam (m) mm m3/mo m3/d Production Amalgamation 1 Nishchynskoho st 35 2 100 80 13120 1093 Mlcroorvlad 2 LVIVFat Products Plant Horodotska st 132 3 100 80 50 25564 825 LVIVStock Holding Company 3 Zapovltna st 1 1 150 80 4695 196 HALKA 4 LVlv Milk Plant Khmelnytskoho st 302 1 300 150 14600 848 5 LVlv Milk Plant Rudnenska st 8 2 80 150 80150 14300 906 6 Ceramics Plant Sialvo st 12 1 150 12700 274 7 Vodka Plant Korduby st, 2 1 100 100 11 540 326 8 Transport Enterpnse Plastova sr , 10 1 300 100 3590 116 9 Insulation Plant Zelena st , 301 1 150 7240 234 10 Iskra Stock Holding Company Vuletska st 14 2 300 150 29625 1347 11 Promln Knitted Goods Factory Shevchenka st 31 2 150 12230 560 N LVIVBakery No 2 Skhldna st 45 1 80 80 2900 94 13 Hallchfarm Pharmaceutical Factory Opryshklvska st ,6/8 1 150 150 9579 479 14 LVIVBakery No 3 Strylska st ,86 1 80 80 1,417 46 15 JOint Venture Coca-Cola Horodotska st 43 2 150 19513 630 Notes available or Installed IVIV ept\ot\measrep\R9msrmta/12Feb97 ~ Table A-2 Industrial Water Usage - Measured versus PredIcted No Water Consumer DescriptIon Usage (m 3/d) Actual/ of Product Actual Predicted Norm I(Measured) (by Norm) Instruments, Production Amalgamation 1 measurement 1,093 94 11 63 Mlcroprylad Instruments consumer 2 LVIV Fat Products Plant margarine, mayonnaise 825 140 589 LVIV Stock Holding Instant and ground coffee, 3 196 52 377 Company HALKA coffee beans non-skimmed and 4 LVIV Milk Plant 848 263 322 skimmed milk products non-skimmed and 5 LVlv Milk Plant 906 351 258 skimmed milk products ceramic tiles, roof tiles, 6 Ceramics Plant 274 107 256 plumbing fittings 7 Vodka Plant liqueur, vodka, vinegar 326 133 245 transportation of 8 Transport Enterprise 116 64 1 82 passengers 9 Insulation Plant Insulators, glass blocks, 234 186 126 Iskra Stock Holding 10 electriC bulbs 1,347 1,194 113 Company Promln Knitted Goods 11 knitted goods 560 620 090 Factory 12 LVIV Bakery No 2 wheat bread 94 136 069 Hallchfarm 13 medicines 479 778 062 Pharmaceutical Factory 14 LVlv Bakery No 3 bread 46 80 058 15 JOint Venture Coca-Cola soft drinks 630 2225 028 Total 7,974 6,422 124 Note Measurements were accomplished dUring March - April 1996 ept IVlv\ot\measrep\R9msrmta/12Feb97 A-3 Table A-3 Communal Water Usage· Measured versus Predicted No Water Consumer Usage (m 3/d) Actual/Norm Actual Predicted (measured) (by Norm) 1 LVlv Hotel Simsotnchia Lvova St 7 2734 1668 164 2 LVlvPrylad Club, Ivana Franko St, 175 1 95 215 091 3 Halychyna Cinema Llubmska St 95 261 312 084 4 Grand Hotel Svobody Ave 13 364 504 070 5 State Circus Horodotska St 83 1005 1707 059 Total 415 393 106 Note Measurements were made dunng March - May 1996 Table A-4 Budget Water Usage· Measured versus Predicted No Water Consumer Usage (m 3/d) Actual/Norm Actual Predicted (measured) (by Norm) 1 LVlv Railway Polyclinic 4108 295 1393 2 No 88 Secondary School 457 141 324 3 No 1 City Hospital Uzhgorodska St 1 585 276 212 4 LVIV Railway Hospital Vllde St 39-41 94 59 1 6 LVlv Oblast Hospital of Mental Diseases, 5 Kulparklvska St 95 5621 4423 127 6 No 34 Drug Store Simsotnchia Lvova St 1 10 94 1 06 LVlv Oblast Station of Blood Transfusion 7 Pekarska St 65 259 3667 071 Total 1,356 896 1 51 Note Measurements were made dunng March - May 1996 ept IVlv\ot\measrep\R9msrmla/12feb97 A-4 Table A-5 Data on Selected Residential Bulldmgs - 1996 No Address Service Flow Flow Meter Readmgs Metered Connec- Meter Usage tlon mm mm Date m3 Date m3 m3/mo m3/d 1 Drahomanova St 36 20 35 0501 23417 0516 23,564 304 100 2 N Levytskoho St 16 25 20 0425 36,680 0516 37070 576 190 3 Snopklvska St 8 20 20 0501 28,236 0514 28,335 236 78 4 Hhbova St 3 25 25 0501 33,093 0514 33,266 413 136 5 Hhbova St 8 20 20 0501 8879 0514 8,924 107 35 6 Bohuna St 9 20 0325 34,791 0422 35,274 535 176 7 Donetska St 10 20 20 0220 25,238 0516 25,597 199 66 8 Vyhovskoho St 63 50 0310 77 292 0410 78286 994 328 B Mlkhnovskykh St 9 25 25 20 0501 2,865 0514 2948 198 65 10 Trusha St 24 25 20 505 7,312 0513 7,326 54 1 8 Total 3,615 ept IVlv\ot\measrep\R9msrmta/12Feb97 A-5 Table A 6 Measured Water Usage m Residential BUlldmgs m 1995 and 1st half of 1996 No Routel Address Water Usaae m3/mo Average Konto 1/95 2/95 3/95 4/95 5/95 6/95 7/95 8/95 9/95 10/95 11/95 12/95 1196 2/96 3/96 4/96 5/96 6/96 verag Norm INorm 1 22195 Drahomanova 51 3 295 225 219 274 247 200 277 290 338 292 287 254 261 356 260 206 221 250 248 91 272 2 29/18 N Levylskoho 51 16 474 477 501 480 332 444 349 463 526 623 768 714 849 918 827 588 513 520 576 234 246 3 12/46 5nopklvska 51 8 580 415 400 400 1 104 500 500 500 500 55 625 500 396 458 202 250 410 111 370 4 221107 Hllbova 51 3 252 251 264 260 260 516 341 356 358 465 363 400 300 300 500 398 330 453 355 202 176 5 221112 Hllbova 51 6 69 102 140 140 268 136 140 80 99 63 100 100 44 93 68 87 90 110 107 117 092 Subtotal 1375 1470 1524 1554 2211 1796 1607 1691 1821 1443 1538 1523 2079 2167 2051 1737 1356 1583 1696 755 225 6 29/29 Bohuna SI 9 528 503 528 673 495 666 625 644 601 596 598 563 555 567 470 450 430 317 545 260 210 7 125/33 Donelska 5t 10 73 236 186 150 150 150 515 175 175 175 175 175 447 364 300 300 300 200 236 169 140 8 047/157 Vvhovskoho 5t 63 536 1263 1100 1202 1361 1233 1432 1245 1358 1200 914 1000 1000 1064 908 994 815 1036 1 187 087 t> IVlIKr novsKyKn 9 70/36 5t 25 220 210 180 210 210 220 200 200 430 480 210 186 210 211 180 194 171 200 229 267 086 10 36/81 Trusha 5t 24 64 88 98 73 75 109 97 92 61 100 76 59 64 56 52 60 57 81 77 111 069 Subtotal 1421 2300 2092 2308 2311 2378 2869 2356 2645 2553 1059 1897 2276 2198 2066 1912 1952 1613 2123 1994 106 Total 2796 3770 3616 3862 4522 4174 4476 4047 4466 3996 2597 3420 4355 4365 4117 3649 3308 3196 3818 2749 139 Note All data based on LVKlogs ept IVlvlotlmeasreplR9msnnla/12Feb97 .k_ ~ Table A-7 I Leakage In Faulty Plumbing Fixtures I Water Supply Number of Number of Fixtures Amount of Leakage Predicted Leakage Schedule (h) Residents Apartments (m 3/d) faulty m3/d 24 116 32 Water Closet 6 25 48 Bathroom Faucet 5 1 2 1 9 Kitchen Faucet 7 1 5 34 Subtotal 101 6 388 108 Water Closet 1 5 25 41 Bathroom Faucet 1 3 1 2 1 6 Kitchen Faucet 1 8 1 5 28 Subtotal 85 Total 504 140 186 Note Prediction of leakage and percent of faulty fixtures IS based on data from Russian Academy of Communal Economy Table A-a Comparison of Predicted (Norm) Water Consumption with Leakage Water Supply Number of Number of Predicted Predicted (norm) Predicted Water Usage Schedule (h) Residents Apartments Leakage (m 3/d) Water Usage (m 3/d) Including Leakage (m 3/d) 24 116 32 101 244 345 6 388 108 85 643 728 Total 504 140 186 887 1073 ept IVlv\ot\measrep\R9msrmta/12Feb97 ~ Table A-9 Metered Usage m Residential BUlldmgs with a Six-Hour Water Supply - 1996 No Address Service Water Water Meter Metered Connection Meter Readings Usage mm mm Date m3 Date m3 m3/mo m3/d 1 Strylska St ,75 (1-4 entrances) 100 50 1806 11 808 2908 2,901 57 2 Strylska St , 75 (5-8 entrances) 100 50 21 05 4 808 4,602 4,598 58 3 Paslchna St , 89 (dormitory) 100 80 2905 6 808 2151 2,145 30 4 Antonenka- Davydovycha St 3 (District Heating Facility) two of 200 150 406 7 808 64727 64,720 996 5 Lysenetska St I Sa (District Heatmg Facility) N/A N/A 2307 9 726 2401 2,392 797 Total 1,938 ept IVlv\ot\measrep\R9msrmta/12Feb97 A-a Table A-10 AnalysIs of Flow Meters' Service Life Enterprise Name Address Routel Date of Flow Registration Service In Konto Installation Meter Number Months Meat Packing Plant B Khmelnytskoho St 116/051 101993 BT-93 085953/80 32 Diamond Tools Plant Novoznesenska St 116/007 051992 BT 92 1354/0659/80 17 Novoznesenska St 116/007 101993 BT-93 15090/0337/80 3 Novoznesenska St 116/007 01 1994 BT-94 1392/0714/80 2 Novoznesenska St 116/007 031994 BT 94 48210756/80 19 Novoznesenska St 116/007 101995 BT 95 0505/80 5 Novoznesenska St 116/007 031996 BT 96 09886/0757/80 3 Average Service Life of BT Flow Meters with 80mm diameter BT 80 11 6 B Khmelnytsh.oho St 1161003 051992 BT 92 58f612tlO/50 10 B Khmelnytskoho St 116/003 031993 BT-93 176/01209/50 19 B Khmelnytskoho St 116/003 101994 BT-94 341/01314/50 11 B Khmelnytskoho St 116/003 091995 BT-95 11035/01033/50 2 B Khmelnytskoho St 116/003 11 1995 BT-95 341/01314/50 7 Karelska St 116/006 041993 BT-93 1146/01273f50 2 Karelska St 116f006 061993 BT 93 1410f01161f50 10 Karelska St 116f006 041994 BT 94 177f0121 Of50 18 Karelska St 116f006 101995 BT-95 158f01192/50 8 Average Service Life of BT Flow Meters With 50mm Diameter BT 50 97 Average Service Life of BT Flow Meters 105 Wine Making Plant Volynska St 116/022 051992 YBK 92 77/07682/20 48 Volynska St 116/022 031993 YBK 93 20297f01119/40 19 Volynska St 116/022 101994 YBK94 30736f01279/40 20 Average Service Life of YBK Flow Meters With 80mm Diameter YBK 40 195 Karpaty Furniture Fac Promyslova St 116/044 041992 BCKM 87 16124/20 45 Promyslova St 116/044 01 1996 BCKM 96 17465120 5 Average service Life of BCKM Flow Meters With 20mm diameter BCKM 20 250 Promyslova St 116f052 081994 PolIsh 117526 80 Promyslova St 116/052 041995 Polish 117526 140 Average service Life of Polish Flow Meters Polish 110 Meat Packing Plant ZbOlska St 116f069 041992 BB 76 100267/100 500 ept IVlv\ot\measrep\R9msrmta/12Feb97 A-9 Table A-11 Results of Measurements at Mahenv Well Field - September 1996 Well Flow VelOCity at Discharge Pressure Depth to Water (dynamic) No m3/h Pipe (m/s) atm m 4 188 1 61 6 N/A 4a 66 1 04 72 N/A 5 162 1 36 55 N/A 6 30 026 N/A 7 43 037 69 130 8 not functioning 8a 107 168 8 N/A 9 85 1 41 9 N/A 9a 69 1 13 66 N/A 10 57 045 67 N/A 11 163 1 34 78 150 12 158 257 81 11 8 Total 1,128 ept IVlv\ot\measrep\R9msrmta/12Feb97 A-10 Table A-12 Stryl Well Field, Well Group 1 after Cleanmg - November 1996 Well Outside 0 Flow Velocity Pressure Current Dynamic Depth Notes No mm m,)/h m/s atm A to Water (m) 1 not measured 2 159 139 226 44 62 62 3 165 188 288 46 70 615 4 219 126 1 05 43 70 52 5 154 195 331 40 71 5 60 6 165 212 317 42 70 46 8 219 218 1 8 34 73 54 9 219 252 205 33 72 47 10 219 229 1 89 33 71 52 11 219 48 039 30 52 38 Total 1,607 7 165 84 127 30 27 45 Water for Villages Table A-13 Stryl Well Field, Well Group 2 before Cleamng - September 1996 Well Outside 0 Flow Velocity Pressure Current Dynamic Depth Notes No mm m3/h m/s atm A to Water (m) 12 219 136 1 07 29 N/A 38 13 154 not functioning 2 7 (static) 14 219 196 1 61 N/A 28 15 219 172 1 41 26 N/A 29 16 219 179 1 35 29 N/A 26 17 219 200 165 26 N/A 26 18 154 not functioning 2 3 (statrc) 19 219 not functioning 23 (static) 20 219 182 145 28 N/A 29 21 219 187 148 28 N/A 28 Total 1,252 ept IVlv\ot\measrep\R9msrmta/12Feb97 A-11 Table A-14 Stryl Well Field, Well Group 2 after Cleanmg - October 1996 Well Outside 0 Flow Velocity Pressure Current Dynamic Depth Notes No mm m3/h m/s atm A to Water (m) 12 219 175 1 38 30 57 N/A 13 154 92 1 5 N/A 47 N/A not cleaned 14 219 not functioning 15 219 180 142 28 58 N/A 16 219 185 146 30 55 N/A 17 219 187 1 54 30 61 N/A 18 154 158 258 32 52 N/A not cleaned 19 219 213 1 68 28 54 N/A 20 219 223 1 83 26 56 N/A pump replaced 21 219 196 1 55 30 56 N/A pump replaced Total 1,609 Table A-15 Stryl Well Field, Well Group 3 - October 1996 I Well Outside 0 Flow VelOCity Pressure Current Dynamic Depth Notes No mm m3/h m/s atm A to Water (m) 22 219 163 1 38 28 53 40 23 219 193 1 58 25 57 46 ')1\ ~ hA ~I:" ... "'"T ,...... ,.... ,;; 2 49 ,,) --szr- 40 25 219 not functioning 26 219 209 1 72 24 62 52 28 164 135 207 30 50 37 29 164 106 1 63 30 53 40 30 164 121 1 84 N/A 49 3 1 30a 154 N/A N/A 27 50 N/A 31 164 121 184 25 50 N/A 32 159 131 236 N/A 49 40 33 159 166 273 29 50 43 34 154 143 243 28 46 N/A Total of Well Group 3 1,641 (39,384 m 3/d) 27 164 164 250 N/A 91 33 Water for Villages Changed Readmgs After Valves Adjustment 22 219 200 169 24 57 N/A 26 219 224 184 235 65 N/A 28 164 159 245 28 52 N/A 29 164 114 174 3 53 N/A ept IVlv\ot\measrep\R9msrmta/12Feb97 A-12 Table A-16 Power Consumption at Stryl Well Field, Well Group 1 - November 1996 Well Outside 0 Flow Pressure Current Voltage Capacity Specific Power Con- 3 3 No mm m /h atm A V kW sumptlon (kWh/m ) 1 not measured 2 159 139 44 62 380 41 0294 3 165 188 46 70 380 46 0245 4 219 126 43 70 380 46 0366 5 154 195 40 715 380 47 0241 6 165 212 42 70 380 46 0217 8 219 218 34 73 380 48 0220 9 219 252 33 72 380 47 0188 10 219 229 33 71 380 47 0204 11 219 48 30 52 380 34 0713 Total 1,607 402 0250 Table A-17 Power Consumption at Stryl Well Field, Well Group 2 - October 1996 Well Outside 0 Flow Pressure Current Voltage Capacity Specific Power Con- 3 3 No mm m /h atm A V kW sumptlon (kWh/m ) 12 219 175 30 57 380 38 0214 13 154 92 N/A 47 380 31 0336 14 219 not functioning 15 219 180 28 58 380 38 0212 16 219 185 30 55 380 36 0196 17 219 187 30 61 380 40 0215 18 154 158 32 52 380 34 0217 19 219 213 28 54 380 36 0167 20 219 223 26 56 380 37 0165 21 219 196 30 56 380 37 0188 Total 1,609 326 0203 ept IVlv\ot\measrep\R9msrmta/12Feb97 A-13 Table A-18 Power Consumption at Stryl Well Field, Well Group 3 - October 1996 Well Outside 0 Flow Pressur Current Voltage Capacity Specific Power Con 3 3 No mm m /h atm A V kW sumptlon (kWh/m ) 22 219 163 28 53 380 35 0214 23 219 193 25 57 380 38 0194 24 154 153 3 54 380 36 0232 25 219 not working 26 219 209 24 62 380 41 0195 28 164 135 30 50 380 33 0244 29 164 106 30 53 380 35 0329 30 164 121 N/A 49 380 32 0267 30a 154 N/A 27- 50 380 33 N/A 1 31 164 121 25 50 380 33 0272 32 159 131 I N/A 49 380 32 0246 33 159 166 29 50 380 33 0198 34 154 143 28 46 380 30 0212 Total 1,641 410 0250 Table A-19 Power Consumption at Stryl Well Field - October to November 1996 Group Flow Capacity Specific Power Consumption No m3/d kW kWh/m3 I 1607 402 0250 II 1,609 326 0203 III 1641 410 0250 Total 4,857 1,139 0235 ept IVlv\ot\measrep\R9msrmta/12Feb97 A-14 Table A-20 Measurements at Pump Stations Total Water Flow ~o IPump Station Name and Place ofl Measurements Duration of: Water Flow LVK Flow I Ii I Flow Metermg Started I Measure· I by PT 868 Meter I 3 3 3 I I Date I Time I ments (h) ! m I m /d I m /d I % 1 Stryl Well Field Water Main 20796 1500 24 I 123672 not Installed I Mykolalv PS 2 Inlet to PS 50796 1400 i 15047 121 128 3 near VillaQe of Derevach I 5 07 96 I 16 00 1 15 150 1 123 600 not Installed 1 1Sokllnykl PS 1 I 4 llnlet to PS 120796 2145 I 24 115 649 I not Installed 5 1Outlet to City 1 2 09 96 1430 24 476691 not functioning 6 IOutlet to City 2 2 09 96 1430 24 I 524671 54 164 3 7 Outlet to Miska Smuha PS 2 09 96 1430 I 24 11 555 I 10 648 8 'Total Amount Discharged from Sokllnykl PS 111,6911 Miska Smuha PS 1 : I 1 8 Outlet to City 1 130996 1300 24 I 1691 Outlet to City 2 no measurements Vynnyky PS ! 9 Received from East (near Village of OStflV) 6 08 96 1500 I 24 60,114 not Installed 10 Outlet to Dovha PS 29 06 96 1000 24 1 11540 IOutlet to Krvvchytsl PS no measurements IKryvchytsl PS I 11 Outetto Malonvka Area 1130996 1200 24 1 25212 12 IOutlet to Center I 130996 1200 24 I 11282 ITotal discharged from Kryvchytsl PS I 36,494 Zbolsk PS I I 13 Inlet from Zarudtsl PS Water Maln1 100796 1540 24 I I 32195 not Installed 14 Inlet from Zarudtsl PS Water Main 2 1140796 900 24 18644 not Installed Total Received from ZarudtslPS i 50839 15 Pressure Pipe 1 Outlet to City 1150796 1830 3 ,6161 6161 IPressure Pipe 1 Outlet to City 160796 600 3 15454 5454 16 Pressure Pipe 2 Outlet to City 151096 800 11586 4758 :Pressure Pipe 2 Outlet to City 1151096: 1830 11540 4620 1 17 IGravity Pipe Outlet to City 170796 1100 24 12 104! 18 Gravity Pipe Outlet to Kryvchytsl 1710961 1800 24 130791 Total Discharged from ZbolskPS 46176 1 1Hlynna Navarla PS I 19 Outlet to City 40996 11 30 1 24 I 14386 14676 2 20 IOutlet to Villages 11308961 1830 41 9791 not Installed I Stare Selo PS 21 IOutlet to City 50996 1600 24 19896 3 22 Outlet to Villages 50996 1 1600 24 4451 not Installed ISykhlV III PS 23 Outlet to City 60996 I 1930 24 13691 24 IOutlet to Plant 60996 1930 I 24 567 25 Oulletto TuberculosIs Hospital 60996 1930 24 175 I I I Total Discharged from Sykhlv III PS I I 144331 Budzen II PS 26 Oullet to Budzen III 90996 1400 I 24 32360 36329 12 27 Oullet to Horodok 1 90996 I 1400 24 1 265 not functioning I 28 I Outlet to Rudkl 90996 1400 24 263 'Oullet to Horodok 2 no measurements not Installed I I Budzen III I 29 1Oullet to City 909961 1400 24 25135 24770 IKarachymv PS 30 I Outlet to City 100996 1800 24 33,263 Yamvska 31 Oulletto City 1009961 1900 I 24 3926 not Installed I ept IVlv\otlmeasrep\R9msrmla/12Feb97 A-15 Table A 21 Measurements at Pump StatIons Results of Hourlv Measurements June to October 1996 Pump Station Name TIme ofDav Total and Place of Flow 3 Metering I 1 I 2 I 3 I 4 I 5 I 6 I 7 I 8 I 9 I 10 I 11 I 12 I 13 I 14 I 15 I 16 I 17 I 18 I 19 I 20 I 21 I 22 I 23 I 24 I m /d ~ ~143 515~ 11:1'~",,\[IIelifreldWalerMaln5166 5112 5114 ~10L_5_1U5_126 4820 5419 5166 516!! 5170 5_18~~1642.180 5194 5195 5163 5165 5173 5161 Ji!.56 123672 SOklll)YklPS ______ InleLloPS 4934 4678 ~593~11- 4~£ 1Jl1§ 4~~ ~l!~ 1.829 _~25~~ '!..8~Q.4826 4829 4831 48~7i-4~ 4840 ~~1~~1 4770 4846 ~55 4~ 1156~ ~4 ~Q.:l~ O.!'t1eUoCllyl __40L 103 405 407 _398 2790 3595 3838 :3l!8l- L8!i:L~L 1752 1766 1770 1535 1726 1~ 3!i!l.!i.-_".~421~ 4202 __ 47c669 Oullelt~CllY~ 1Jl96 1704 1714 1712 1697 3087 3823 4061 4107 1150 l!7~_874_876 _8Z~_743 ~31-12:3:J6!l~440". ".11l! "-3~_1792 16~ .1~87_~246Z _~9 7~9_71~70~ l!9~1--108~16 _p~ ~ 1_1~5~ ~ulletl,,"~...';;~~,!,uhaP~r--.6.15_6~l!_llO 16 16 16 _657 757 771 -y99 __ f------16- 16 616 _757 Jj5 __ Miska Smuha PS SJulle!.lo-Clty-l--- -~4--:::-50 -~ _46-_~1S116} 54 53 360 405 250 121 51 154 -~~~f!i0eI---=-J9~oo::-j13 e:-:ll!6 ~01 _4Q.9 409 _.1691 V)fl1n~kyPS______--- 1--__ ------Inlel from Easl (near Village o!Ostnv) _ __ ~~8 266-L 2 435 2 522 2 523 2 536 2 490 2 461 2457 2452 2 451'. 1146312 ~671_:1l6~:LL252:lJJ~29L2 52§ 2 52g 1 2 527 2 5261 2 519 j t 542 2 51~l_-60-1~ _Qullet 10 D"vhil PS _ _l!17 _li95 ____ 472 ~23 l!1Z.t-818 _8~~~3L_~:L1_8381814 ~15l 829 819 ~O? 25251'______1_1 540 Kryvch}'l~ ____ 1015ho1O~6 1-343 1-108 1022 1044 1019 1007 --25-212 Oulet to MalonvkaArea 1 010 1 026 966 1301 982a1315 1~11t301 j 1392 Oullet 10Cenler - 469 475 4691 . 472 I f71 466 475 481 482 479 _~61 46l! 4§6_ 4?9 __471 42"- !i?() _ 4flZ =---,!1,~8j Zbolsk-PS ------f--~ -- -+----+------100elfrom Zarudlsi P5 -- Water Maln1 1358 1379 1 1381 11.:J70 135011368 1 345 I 1 349 1 1 538 1440 1349 ___1264 ._123911240 1 245 1 1 284 1 1 317 1 1 324 I 1129 1333 1337 1345 1359 W-3~1 32195 ; Inial from Zarudlsl 1'5- I WaterMam2 825 804 802 801 797 801 802 801 802 807 812 818 804 785 782 764 1 _ 7671_1l!U 747 7301_ L06 703 724 701 18644 Total Receivedfrom Zarudlsl PS 2183 1 2183 1 2183 1 2171 2148 2169 1 2147 2149 1 2339 1 2247 I 2162 1 2081 2042 I ~ 025 J 2007 j 2 ~4812084 L2105 1 2076 1 2063 1 2043 2048 1208312055 60840 Pressure PiPe 1 OulleltO ~ t----j--+I - 1 819 1 1 862 W2Z:J1--- !-- - 208812046+-:LQ..~-+------+---1I 11614 Pressure Plpe2OUllet10 CJlL 1 54Qj------!---l----.l---- 9 378 n _Q.raVl!t.Plpe Oulletlo Cltv 191 19l1 200 t-C-""'+-"-=""'-t 1 405_~539 I 25~~~O~ 12104 n Gravity Pipe Oullel 10 ~ 1-38~~1_38~~~034t-~46r-~1 ~~ ~O_ r~576B63 3079 J<~h1!~___ :364 _37~ 424 411 421 617 792 Jll'!.. _ 829 _823 --187 5 H~~~%~I~a!,~_650 648 61f 605 -=60Z 62~=ll~~L:S~_~ l!~~-627 616 -616 567 539 566 568 56~_ 6~_-588 579 __!ill!. __ 1~311611 I OullelloVlllaaes 41 41 _jl 41 _ 41 _41 _4Lf- ~1 _41 ~:!...--i:!...41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 ~~:!... 41 _~Z9 Slare Selo PS -OuU~t~ ~1~~ -=822~J!1!i=-~~_~~2_ 836 1 !.3:3 9 -815 =ILL -473 ----ear732~74684 764 765 787 799 8m - 8;3f 813f903 718 ~9381 Oullel!.oVlliages 18 _!§ 18 _-1~ _ ~_--.1~ __ ~ __19 19 19 19 _ 19 -19 - 19 19 21 21 18 18 18 -18 --18 - 18 18 -;WS -~ S~:~l~~~_--==1..99~T~6~37~278 28Q 275 275 -275 275 - 32L f-Ji50 1 Q.19 -.:!...01Q- 88'!.. 357 4!i7 469 47:3 485 484- 483 480 770 -f218 13691 Outlello Plant 144 143 46 33 3 2 3 6 9 4 1 121 95 98 14 27 25 36 34 35 33 29 51 59 587 Outlel 10TuberculosIs -- HOspilal 67 _ :3~__ !~__ -!l __ 8 _ 8 Jl 9 8 11 _~ 1 2 1 25 ~_!2 _~ __ ~ __ !i8 _!.26 _:3 ~~ 123 176 -f~~1~1 32~60 B~~~:7;~~~dzenlll--'3511350_ 1355 1368 1347 1357 -f3§'!.. 1348 1348 1~4~~34213481344 1343 1341 134_~~:l15.-1:l!i~-L:l,4'L 1349 1:349 134L Outletto t:lOrod~51!- _ 57 __5? _ 57 59 66 75 73 13 ______~8__ 68 _ 66 __ 69 _69 _ 71 _ 13 75 69 63 5g 1 265 QUI~lloR!!'!_kl T~al263m3/d(byLVK'TlelerlnstaHedl_ __ _ ~______2!~ Budzenl!! _ ___ ~ _ ------+--==-f----==-+--=-:c-=. _Qllll~.t2J<1IV854 91l!... _Jl92 1~l3:l~5 ~21 1 94:L---.ai5 ~4 _~14_?15 _~16 910 980 ~_t264 1642 1927 207Q _ ~80 _L33 _!1J 730 7:l:l 2513~ ~ 1~L ~~! ~~~~~~f!----1000 -=-994 845 --n2 -744" l:ll3L..2~XQ5Q.i:~~j::094 _~8.L_8-i0 ~Q: =:FR 829 1067 1218 2992 295[ 2 -699 "1U:L 1 009 Vanlvska _._ - ..... _.. ~.~.~.~ 244 734 693 -342 -0 --1 f 1 0 3 5 2 126 739 638 346 3 4 7 3.928 ept Ivlv\ot\measrep\R9msrmta/12Feb97 ~ ~ELA~S KY/~ MOfoW MOLDO * <: ~UKRAINE RUSSIAN FEDERATION t~r-r-v> N-' ~~~I} ~ ~ ~ I KAZAKSTAN ~ ~~/ ~ ISTAN ""i." J New Independent States (NIS) * EPT RegIOnal Offices The EnvIronmental PolIcy and Technolog) (EPT) Project Em lronmental degradatIon md natural resource I111S management threaten public health blOdlver~ltv and economIC vltalItv In the Nev. Independent StJte, (NIS) To as,lst the NIS m Jlle\ IJtmg the<;e problems the US Agencv tor InternatlonJI Development (USAlD) began the EPT PI oJect m 1993 EPT pro\ ldes techmcal aSSI<;tance 'wd pollcv Id\ICe In the em Ironment,l ~ector and plOmote~ emlronmentalh ,ound economic development through publIc and pm,te L ') and NIS p l1tner~hlp~ The EPT PloJect I~ man 1ged bv USA.lD with ~upport trom the LS Em Ironmental PlOtectlOn Agencv (USEPA) FOI a~~I~tJnce m pi oJtlt de~lgn mJnagement ,nd ImplementatIon USAlD ha~ agreements v.lth CH2M HILL International H.lrv lrd Institute tor Intel nJtlOnal Development ,nd IS A.R A ~ the pnmJf\ EPT contractor CH2M HILL InternatIOnal ha~ the lead role m dell\enng techmcal a<;SI,tance logl~tlcal ,upport md polK" ~upport tor ~elelted proJect, EPT RegIOnal Othce~ Ire located m Wl,hmgton DC Mo~co\\ RU~~la KVI\ Ukrame md Almat\ Kazak,tan CH2'\I HILL InternatIOnal ConsortIUm of Subcontractors Center tor Intern ltlonJI Em lronmentJl LJW Clark <-\tlanta Lnl\erslt\/HI,tol1callv Black Colle!!e~ Unl\er~lt1e~ and MmOlltv In~tltutlOn~ Technolo!!\ (omortlLlm Con~or ttum tor InternatlonJI Development Eco,un,~ Em lronmentJI ComplIance Inc H II \ lrd In~tltute tl~r IntetnatlOn 11 De\elop ment Hughe~ Techmcal Ser\lce~ Compw\ InternJtlonJI PlOgr.:Jm~ Con~OltlUm IntctnJtlOnal Re~ource~ GIOUp InteItax K&M Engll1eenng Ogden Envlronmentll Jnd EneIgv Sef\ILt-~ Pnce VIi lterhou~e the World Wl1dllte Fund Jnd numelOU~ 10C-dl ~ubc-ontnLtor<; and cooperatOi ~ thIouc-hout the NIS EnVIronmental Pohc) and Technology Project A USAID Project ConsortIUm led bv CH2M HILL CH2M HILL International Services Inc POBox 24';48 Denver Colorado 80224 USA