DOCSLIB.ORG

SANCHEZ LANDAZURI EMILIA ALEJANDRA (1).Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
SANCHEZ LANDAZURI EMILIA ALEJANDRA (1).Pdf UNIVERSIDAD AGRARIA DEL ECUADOR FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS AGRARIAS CARRERA DE INGENIERIA AMBIENTAL EVALUACIÓN SOCIOAMBIENTAL DEL MATERIAL PARTICULADO GENERADO POR LAS CANTERAS MEDIANTE ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO Y FORMULACIÓN DE MITIGACIÓN EN LA URBANIZACIÓN BOSQUES DE LA COSTA PROYECTO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO Trabajo de titulación presentado como requisito para la obtención del título de INGENIERA AMBIENTAL AUTOR SÁNCHEZ LANDÁZURI EMILIA ALEJANDRA TUTORA OCE. LEILA ZAMBRANO ZAVALA GUAYAQUIL – ECUADOR 2020 PORTADA 2 UNIVERSIDAD AGRARIA DEL ECUADOR FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS AGRARIAS CARRERA DE INGENIERIA AMBIENTAL APROBACIÓN DEL TUTOR Yo, LEILA ZAMBRANO ZAVALA, docente de la Universidad Agraria del Ecuador, en mi calidad de Tutor, certifico que el presente trabajo de titulación: “EVALUACIÓN SOCIOAMBIENTAL DEL MATERIAL PARTICULADO GENERADO POR LAS CANTERAS MEDIANTE ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO Y FORMULACIÓN DE MITIGACIÓN EN LA URBANIZACIÓN BOSQUES DE LA COSTA”, realizado por la estudiante EMILIA ALEJANDRA SÁNCHEZ LANDÁZURI; con cédula de identidad N° 0919917922 de la carrera INGENIERÍA AMBIENTAL, Unidad Académica Guayaquil, ha sido orientado y revisado durante su ejecución; y cumple con los requisitos técnicos exigidos por la Universidad Agraria del Ecuador; por lo tanto se aprueba la presentación del mismo. Atentamente, OCE. LEILA ZAMBRANO ZAVALA Guayaquil, 10 de diciembre del 2020 3 UNIVERSIDAD AGRARIA DEL ECUADOR FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS AGRARIAS CARRERA DE INGENIERIA AMBIENTAL APROBACIÓN DEL TRIBUNAL DE SUSTENTACIÓN Los abajo firmantes, docentes designados por el H. Consejo Directivo como miembros del Tribunal de Sustentación, aprobamos la defensa del trabajo de titulación: “EVALUACIÓN SOCIOAMBIENTAL DEL MATERIAL PARTICULADO GENERADO POR LAS CANTERAS MEDIANTE ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO Y FORMULACIÓN DE MITIGACIÓN EN LA URBANIZACIÓN BOSQUES DE LA COSTA”, realizado por la estudiante EMILIA ALEJANDRA SÁNCHEZ LANDÁZURI, el mismo que cumple con los requisitos exigidos por la Universidad Agraria del Ecuador. Atentamente, Ing. Diego Muñóz Naranjo PRESIDENTE Ing. Luis Morocho Rosero Ing. Karla Crespo León EXAMINADOR PRINCIPAL EXAMINADOR PRINCIPAL Oce. Leila Zambrano Zavala EXAMINADOR SUPLENTE Guayaquil, 10 de diciembre del 2020 4 Dedicatoria Dedico este trabajo a mis padres quienes siempre me apoyan en el logro las metas que me propongo. 5 Agradecimiento Agradezco a los profesores que me han guiado en el transcurso de mis años en la Universidad. 6 Autorización de Autoría Intelectual Yo EMILIA ALEJANDRA SÁNCHEZ LANDÁZURI, en calidad de autor(a) del proyecto realizado, sobre “EVALUACIÓN SOCIOAMBIENTAL DEL MATERIAL PARTICULADO GENERADO POR LAS CANTERAS MEDIANTE ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO Y FORMULACIÓN DE MITIGACIÓN EN LA URBANIZACIÓN BOSQUES DE LA COSTA” para optar el título de INGENIERA AMBIENTAL, por la presente autorizo a la UNIVERSIDAD AGRARIA DEL ECUADOR, hacer uso de todos los contenidos que me pertenecen o parte de los que contienen esta obra, con fines estrictamente académicos o de investigación. Los derechos que como autora me correspondan, con excepción de la presente autorización, seguirán vigentes a mi favor, de conformidad con lo establecido en los artículos 5, 6, 8; 19 y demás pertinentes de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual y su Reglamento. Guayaquil, diciembre 10 del 2020 FIRMAR EMILIA ALEJANDRA SÁNCHEZ LANDÁZURI C.I. 0919917922 7 Índice general PORTADA .......................................................................................................... 1 APROBACIÓN DEL TUTOR .............................................................................. 2 APROBACIÓN DEL TRIBUNAL DE SUSTENTACIÓN ...................................... 3 Dedicatoria ...................................................................................................... 4 Agradecimiento ............................................................................................... 5 Autorización de Autoría Intelectual.................................................................. 6 Índice general ................................................................................................. 7 Índice de Tablas ............................................................................................ 10 Índice de figuras ............................................................................................ 12 Resumen ....................................................................................................... 14 Abstract ......................................................................................................... 15 1. Introducción .............................................................................................. 16 1.1 Antecedentes ....................................................................................... 16 1.2 Planteamiento y formulación del problema .......................................... 19 1.3 Justificación ......................................................................................... 20 1.4 Delimitación de la investigación ........................................................... 21 1.5 Objetivo General .................................................................................. 21 1.6 Objetivos Específicos ........................................................................... 22 1.7 Hipótesis .............................................................................................. 22 2. Marco Teórico .............................................................................................. 23 2.1 Estado del arte ........................................................................................ 23 8 2.2 Bases teóricas......................................................................................... 29 2.2.1 Material particulado ........................................................................... 29 2.2.2 Minería no metálica ........................................................................... 31 2.2.3 Efectos en la salud por el material particulado ................................. 31 2.3 Marco Legal ............................................................................................ 32 2.3.1 Constitución de la República del Ecuador ........................................ 32 2.3.2 Ley de Prevención y Control de la Contaminación Ambiental .......... 33 2.3.3 Texto Unificado de Legislación Secundaria del Ministerio del Ambiente .................................................................................................... 33 2.3.4 Ley de Gestión Ambiental ................................................................. 34 2.3.5 Texto Unificado de Legislación Secundaria del Ministerio del Ambiente .................................................................................................... 35 3. Materiales y métodos ................................................................................... 36 3.1Enfoque de la investigación ..................................................................... 36 3.1.1 Tipo de investigación ........................................................................ 36 3.1.2 Diseño de investigación .................................................................... 36 3.2 Metodología ............................................................................................ 36 3.2.1 Variables ........................................................................................... 36 3.2.1.1 Variable independiente .................................................................. 36 3.2.1.2 Variable dependiente ..................................................................... 36 3.2.2 Recolección de datos ........................................................................ 36 3.2.3. Métodos y técnicas .......................................................................... 37 9 3.2.4 Análisis estadístico ........................................................................... 38 4. Resultados ................................................................................................. 39 4.1 Estimación del grado de contaminación del aire por material particulado de la Urbanización Bosques de la Costa proveniente de las canteras mediante encuestas online. .......................................................................... 39 4.2 Análisis de los datos provenientes de las encuestas mediante el uso de estadística descriptiva. .................................................................................. 42 4.3 Establecimiento de medidas que ayuden a mitigar la contaminación por material particulado en la Urbanización Bosques de la Costa. ..................... 59 5. Discusión ...................................................................................................... 73 6. Conclusión .................................................................................................... 75 7. Recomendaciones ........................................................................................ 77 8. Bibliografía ................................................................................................... 79 9. Anexos ......................................................................................................... 88 9.1 Anexo 1. Modelo de Encuesta ................................................................ 88 9.2 Anexo 2. Carta de la Urbanización Bosques de la Costa ........................ 91 9.3 Anexo 3. Prueba de encuestas respondidas ........................................... 92 9.4 Anexo 4. Figuras Complementarias .....................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • (D. Don) Melch Flower Extract Against MCF-7 Cell Line
    American Journal of Ethnomedicine, 2016, Vol. 3, No. 1 ISSN: 2348-9502 Available online at http://www.ajethno.com © American Journal of Ethnomedicine Assessment of the Cytotoxic Potential of Tecoma castanifolia (D. Don) Melch Flower Extract Against MCF-7 Cell Line R.Vidhya* and Dr. Albin T. Fleming P.G. & Research Department of Advanced Zoology & Biotechnology, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai-600082, Tamil Nadu, India *Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Objective: Bignoniaceae is a family having 100 genera of flowering plants. This family has many species with effective cytotoxic activity. One of its genuses, Tecoma contains 14 species and they are referred as trumpet trees. Tecoma species has various uses recorded in folk medicine and are being explored scientifically. Flowers of one of the species T.castanifolia is assessed for its potential. Method: Fresh and healthy flowers were collected and were cold extracted with solvents viz., chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol; filtered through Whatmann No.1 filter paper and evaporated to dryness. The extracts were subjected to MTT assay against MCF-7 cell line. Result: The extraction yielded a gummy extract which were stored in a glass vial. The preliminary data shows that of the extracts tested the ethyl acetate extract has the highest cytotoxic activity in vitro against MCF-7 cell line. The 50% growth inhibition concentration of the ethyl acetate extract was obtained at 180µg/ml. Concluison: The study shows that the ethyl acetate extract has fair cytotoxicity and can be tested with other cell lines. Further, studies pertaining to their composition of phytochemicals etc need to be done.
    [Show full text]
  • Choosing Flowering Shrubs for Landscape Color
    A WORD OR TWO ABOUT GARDENING Staying Green while Conserving Water in Miami-Dade: Choosing Flowering Shrubs for Landscape Color John McLaughlin1 Introduction Miami-Dade like many other Florida counties is committed to achieving more effective use of available water resources. Reducing household water consumption is a key component of achieving this goal. In Florida it has What is a drought? There is no standard definition but it is more been estimated that from 30-60% of total than rainfall totals. Both place and time have residential water consumption is used to irrigate to be taken into consideration. What defines landscapes. Achieving reductions in landscape drought conditions in Miami differs from those in Las Vegas. Extended periods of water use requires adopting more efficient scant rainfall are expected in Miami during irrigation practices and increasing the proportion of January but not June. A drought is usually drought tolerant plants in area landscapes. recognized when water shortages are sufficient to cause noticeable crop damage, Drought tolerance alone is not sufficient. The trees and/or impact supply. Factors include the and shrubs used in local landscapes also have to immediate period without rain plus the withstand the rainy season (mid-May to mid- actual water deficit (a measure of the October) when Miami-Dade receives most of its’ reduced amount stored in aquifers and surface bodies of water). annual ~60” of rain. For this reason many drought tolerant plants endemic to Mediterranean type climates (warm wet winters and hot dry summers) or year round aridity may not succeed in local landscapes. More likely to adapt to South Florida conditions are flowering shrubs and trees from areas that experience a similar seasonally wet/dry climate (warm dry winters/hot humid summers).
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity and Conservation Volume 9 Number 3, March 2017 ISSN 2141-243X
    International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation Volume 9 Number 3, March 2017 ISSN 2141-243X ABOUT IJBC The International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation (IJBC) (ISSN2141-243X) is published Monthly (one volume per year) by Academic Journals. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation (IJBC)provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as Information Technology and its Applications in Environmental Management and Planning, Environmental Management and Technologies, Green Technology and Environmental Conservation, Health: Environment and Sustainable Development etc. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published shortly after acceptance. All articles published in IJBC are peer reviewed. Contact Us Editorial Office: [email protected] Help Desk: [email protected] Website: http://www.academicjournals.org/journal/IJBC Submit manuscript online http://ms.academicjournals.me/ Editor-In-Chief Associate Editors Prof. Samir I. Ghabbour Dr. Shannon Barber-Meyer Department of Natural Resources, World Wildlife Fund Institute of African Research & Studies, Cairo 1250 24th St. NW, Washington, DC 20037 University, Egypt USA Editors Dr. Shyam Singh Yadav National Agricultural Research Institute, Papua New Guinea Dr. Edilegnaw Wale, PhD Department of Agricultural Economics Schoolof Agricultural Sciences and Agribusiness Dr. Michael G. Andreu University of Kwazulu-Natal School of Forest Resources and Conservation P bag X 01 Scoffsville 3209 University of Florida - GCREC Pietermaritzburg 1200 N. Park Road South Africa. Plant City, FL USA Dr. BeqirajSajmir Department of Biology Dr. S.S. Samant Faculty of Natural Sciences, Biodiversity Conservation and Management University of Tirana G>B. Pant Institute of Himalayan BulevardiZog I, Tirana, Environment and Development, Albania Himachal Unit, Mohal-Kullu- 175 126, Himachal Pradesh, India Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Small Trees for Miami-Dade Landscapes
    Small Trees for Miami-Dade Landscapes John McLaughlin, Carlos Balerdi and Marguerite Beckford1 The current trend toward smaller yards (e.g., zero lot lines) signifies the need for adjustments in the way we use and landscape our yards. For nonpermanent items such as flowering annuals and vegetables this could mean greater use of raised beds (e.g., French intensive or square foot for vegetables), containers and decorative stone planters. The latter are especially useful for many perennial plants. W hen it comes to choosing shrubs and especially trees, greater care needs to be exercised in the items selected and where they are placed. W hat seemed to be an ideal choice in the nursery may quickly grow and become out of scale for a small yard, if not an expensive liability. One solution is to choose those shrubs and small trees (including fruit trees) that can be grown in large tubs, and this is an option especially suited to houses with large patios. Indeed given the alkaline nature of much of Miami-Dade’s soil, this is a useful alternative for plants such as camellias and dwarf magnolias (e.g., ‘Little Gem’) irrespective of yard size. It is possible however, to include trees as part of your permanent in-ground landscaping even where there is limited space for planting. There are many different types of trees that can be safely planted in a small yard and provide shade and/or ornamental appeal. In addition a number of shrubs, such as hibiscus and oleander, are available as standards (usually grafted and grown with a single approximately 5’ bare trunk), and these can substitute for a small tree.
    [Show full text]
  • Cytotoxicity Analysis of Crude Leaf Extracts from Tecoma Castanifolia (D
    International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2014): 5.611 Cytotoxicity Analysis of Crude Leaf Extracts from Tecoma castanifolia (D. Don) Melch on Brine Shrimp and MCF-7 Cell Line R. Vidhya1, Dr. Albin T. Fleming2 1, 2 P.G. & Research Department of Advanced Zoology & Biotechnology, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai-600082, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract: To assess the possibility of cytotoxic potential of T.castanifolia leaf extract. Since this family of plants have effective cytotoxic potential against cancer, analysis of this particular species was carried out. The acetone, ethylacetate and ethanol extracts were subjected to brine shrimp lethality assay and cytotoxicity analysis against MCF-7 cell line. MTT assay of these three extracts showed the ethyl acetate extract to be most effectively cytotoxic. Further studies can be carried out in this aspect to bring out the complete effectiveness of the extract and compounds therein. Keywords: Plant extract, cytotoxicity, Brine shrimp, MCF-7, MTT assay. 1. Introduction of Bignoniaceae have some use, either commercially or ethno botanically. Several species are known to be used as a Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide folk medicine for diabetes, skin disorders, gastro and urinary and it has been that way since a long time. Worldwide, one disorders etc., (Mohammed Rahmatullah et al, 2010). in seven deaths is due to cancer; cancer causes more deaths Tecoma is a genus of 14 species of shrubs or small trees in than AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria combined (American the trumpet vine family.
    [Show full text]
  • WOOD ANATOMY of the BIGNONIACEAE, WI'ih a COMPARISON of TREES and Llanas
    IAWA Bulletin n.s., Vol. 12 (4),1991: 389-417 WOOD ANATOMY OF THE BIGNONIACEAE, WI'IH A COMPARISON OF TREES AND LlANAS by Peter GBS80n 1 and David R. Dobbins2 Summary The secondary xylem anatomy of trees Hess 1943; Jain & Singh 1980; see also Greg­ and lianas was compared in the family Big­ ory 1980 and in preparation). Den Outer and noniaceae. General descriptions of the family Veenendaal (1983) have compared Bignonia­ and the six woody tribes are provided. Lianas ceae wood anatomy with that of Uncarina belong to the tribes Bignonieae, Tecomeae (Pedaliaceae) and Santos has recently describ­ and Schlegelieae, and most have ve.ssels of ed the New World Tecomeae for an M.S. two distinct diameters, many vessels per unit thesis (Santos 1990) and Flora Neotropica area, large intervascular pits, septate fibres, (Santos in press). large heterocellular rays often of two distinct The family Bignoniaceae has a wide dis­ sizes, scanty paratracheal and vasicentric axial tribution from about 400N to 35°S, encom­ parenchyma and anomalous growth. Conver­ passing North and South America, Africa sely, trees, which belong to the tribes Coleeae, south of the Sahara, Asia, Indonesia, New Crescentieae, Oroxyleae and Tecomeae gen­ Guinea and eastern Australia. It is mainly erally have narrower vessels in one diameter tropical, with most species in northern South class, fewer vessels per unit area, smaller America, and consists of lianas, trees and intervascular pits, non-septate fibres, small shrubs with very few herbs. Estimates of the homocellular rays, scanty paratracheal, ali­ number of genera and species vary: 650 form or confluent parenchyma, and none ex­ species in 120 genera (Willis 1973) or 800 hibits anomalous growth.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny of Lamiidae Reveals Increased Resolution and Support for Internal Relationships That Have Remained Elusive
    American Journal of Botany 101(2): 287–299. 2014. P HYLOGENY OF LAMIIDAE 1 N ANCY F . R EFULIO-RODRIGUEZ 2 AND R ICHARD G. OLMSTEAD 2,3 2 Department of Biology, Box 355325, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 USA • Premise of the study: The Lamiidae, a clade composed of approximately 15% of all fl owering plants, consists of fi ve orders: Boraginales, Gentianales, Garryales, Lamiales, and Solanales; and four families unplaced in an order: Icacinaceae, Metteniusi- aceae, Oncothecaceae, and Vahliaceae. Our understanding of the phylogenetic relationships of Lamiidae has improved signifi - cantly in recent years, however, relationships among the orders and unplaced families of the clade remain partly unresolved. Here, we present a phylogenetic analysis of the Lamiidae based on an expanded sampling, including all families together, for the fi rst time, in a single phylogenetic analyses. • Methods: Phylogenetic analyses were conducted using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian approaches. Analyses included nine plastid regions ( atpB , matK , ndhF , psbBTNH , rbcL , rps4 , rps16 , trnL - F , and trnV - atpE ) and the mitochondrial rps3 region, and 129 samples representing all orders and unplaced families of Lamiidae. • Key results: Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian trees provide good support for Boraginales sister to Lamiales, with successive outgroups (Solanales + Vahlia) and Gentianales, together comprising the core Lamiidae. Early branching patterns are less well supported, with Garryales only poorly supported as sister to the above ‘core’ and a weakly supported clade composed of Icacinaceae, Metteniusaceae, and Oncothecaceae sister to all other Lamiidae. • Conclusions: Our phylogeny of Lamiidae reveals increased resolution and support for internal relationships that have remained elusive.
    [Show full text]
  • Universidad Estatal Del Sur De Manabí Facultad De Ciencias Económicas Carrera De Turismo
    UNIVERSIDAD ESTATAL DEL SUR DE MANABÍ FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS CARRERA DE TURISMO PROYECTO DE INVESTIGACIÓN PREVIO A LA OBTENCIÓN DEL TÍTULO DE: INGENIERA EN ECOTURISMO TEMA DIVERSIDAD VEGETAL DE INTERÉS PARA EL TURISMO. CASO DE ESTUDIO JIPIJAPA, MANABÍ AUTORA: ROMINA STEPHANIA SÁENZ VÉLIZ TUTORA: PhD. SONIA ROSETE BLANDARIZ JIPIJAPA-MANABÍ-ECUADOR 2019 DEDICATORIA Dedico este trabajo a mis padres, por ser el pilar más importante e incondicional y demostrarme siempre su cariño, a mi hermana por ser mi mayor crítica constructiva. A mi tutora, amigos y demás familia en general por el apoyo que siempre me brindaron día a día en el transcurso de cada año de mi carrera Universitaria. Romina Sáenz Véliz. I AGRADECIMIENTO Mi gratitud infinita a Dios por protegerme durante todo mi camino y darme fuerzas para superar obstáculos y dificultades a lo largo de toda mi vida. A mis padres por creer en mí y darme su apoyo incondicional A mi Tutora Dra. Sonia Rosete Blandariz por su paciencia y sabiduría impuesta para guiarme en la elaboración de este trabajo. Finalmente gracias a todas las personas que ayudaron de manera directa e indirectamente en la realización de este proyecto. Romina Sáenz Véliz II INTRODUCCIÓN La flora ecuatoriana es muy rica y variada debido a la diversidad de medios ecológicos, Vargas, (2002) y Ministerio del Ambiente del Ecuador, (2015). Ecuador es un país conocido a nivel mundial por su alta diversidad biológica, incluido entre los 17 países megadiversos Mittermeier y Mittermeier, (1997). En el 2012, la cifra asciende a 17.748 especies nativas confirmadas y se estima que, con la continuación de los estudios de la flora ecuatoriana, el número total de plantas vasculares podría llegar a 25.000 (Neill, 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plant Diversity with Special Reference to Invasion of Alien Species on the Doon University Campus, Dehradun, India
    Vol. 9(3), pp. 56-76, March 2017 DOI: 10.5897/IJBC2016.1035 Article Number: 20A382263038 International Journal of Biodiversity and ISSN 2141-243X Copyright © 2017 Conservation Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/IJBC Full Length Research Paper Vascular plant diversity with special reference to invasion of alien species on the Doon University Campus, Dehradun, India Amit Singh1,2*, Khima Nand Balodi2,5, Suneet Naithani2 , Amber Srivastava3, Ashutosh Singh4 and E.H. Kwon-Ndung6 1G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Himachal Unit, Mohal-Kullu- 175126, Himachal Pradesh, India 2School of Environment and Natural Resources, Doon University, Dehradun-248001, Uttarakhand, India. 3Botanical Survey of India, Northern Circle, Dehradun-24803, Uttarakhand, India. 4Forest Survey of India, Dehradun-248006, Uttarakhand, India. 5Himalayan Institute for Sustainable Environment and Research, THDC Colony, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. 6Federal University Lafia, Nasarawa State. Nigeria Received 23 August, 2016; Accepted 21 December, 2016 The present study was conducted to assess vascular plant diversity in a modified habitat in Shivalik region. Extensive surveys were conducted to document the species in each season and identification was done with the help of regional floras. A total of 191 species comprising 181 species of angiosperms (176 genera and 76 families), 2 species of pteridophytes (2 genera and 1 family), and 8 species of gymnosperms (7 genera and 5 families) were observed. The dominant Angiosperms families include Asteraceae (18 genera and 18 species), followed by Fabaceae (16 genera and 18 species), Lamiaceae (8 genera and 9 species), Solanaceae (5 genera and 9 species), Amaranthaceae (7 genera and 8 species), Euphorbiaceae (4 genera and 8 species) and Apocynaceae (6 genera and 7 species).
    [Show full text]
  • Tecoma Stan: an Important Medicinal Plant
    ISSN 2249-3875 International Journal of Pharmaceutical Erudition Review Article Tecoma stan: An Important Medicinal Plant Archana Singh, Nagori B.P., Kumkum Mathur Lachoo Memorial College of Science and Technology, Jodhpur (Raj.) India The plant Tecoma stans (L.) Kunth, belongs to family Bignoniaceae and commonly known as “Piliya” in Rajasthan is a dicotyledonous herb popularly grown for its flowers as an ornamental /garden plant in normal gardens and temples. It is also known as Bignonia stans L. It has wide range of medicinal and pharmacological applications. Almost all parts (leaves, root, flower, seed, fruit, bark) of the plant is reported for its medicinal use. Tecoma stans is a herbal medicine used for treatment of diabetes, digestive problems, control of yeast infections, as powerful diuretic, vermifuge and tonic. Preliminary phytochemical screening of this plant revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, quinones and traces of saponins and amino acids. This review supports all updated information on its phytochemical and pharmacological activities and its traditional uses. Keywords: Tecoma stan, Bignoniaceae, vermifuge, tonic, medicinal use, phytochemical screening. INTRODUCTION Tecoma stan is an ornamental plant is an species of shrubs or small trees in the erect, branched, sparingly hairy or nearly trumpet vine family, Bignoniaceae. Twelve smooth shrub, about 2 to 4 meters in species are from the Americas, while the height. Its leaves are opposite, odd-pinnate, other two species are African. The and up to 20 cm in length, with 4 to 5 American species range from the extreme leaflets. Leaflets are lanceolate to oblong- southern United States through Central lanceolate, 6 to 13 cm long, pointed at both America and the Antilles south through ends, and toothed at the margins.
    [Show full text]
  • Potential Agents for the Biological Control of Tecoma Stans (L.) Juss Ex Kunth Var
    Potential agents for the biological control of Tecoma stans (L.) Juss ex Kunth var. stans (Bignoniaceae) in South Africa L.G. Madire1*, A.R. Wood2, H.E. Williams1 & S. Neser1 1Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute, Private Bag X134, Queenswood, 0121 South Africa 2Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute, Private Bag X5017, Stellenbosch, 7599 South Africa Tecoma stans (L.) Juss ex Kunth var. stans (Bignoniaceae), known as yellow bells, was introduced into South Africa as an ornamental plant and now invades roadsides, urban open spaces, watercourses and rocky sites in the subtropical and tropical areas of six South African provinces, and neighbouring countries. Although deemed to be an ‘emergingweed’, Tecoma stans has considerable potential to extend its range because it is still common in South African gardens and its seeds are easily dispersed by wind. Mechanical and chemical control methods are not economically feasible as the plant tends to re-grow, thus requiring expen- sive follow-up treatments. Biological control research on T. stans has been ongoing since 2003, when pathogens were the focus as agents, with insects included since 2005. Five candidate agents have so far been tested in South Africa, with one, Clydonopteron sacculana Bosc (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), deemed unsuitable for release, one, Prospodium transformans (Ellis & Everh.) Cummins (Pucciniales: Uropyxidaceae), released initially in November 2010, and another, Pseudonapomyza sp. (Diptera: Agromyzidae), currently awaiting approval for release by the regulatory authorities. One candidate agent, Mada polluta (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), is still under investigation in quarantine. The last potential agent, a root-feeding flea beetle, Dibolia sp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), was brought into South Africa but the culture did not establish in quarantine.
    [Show full text]
  • Further Disintegration of Scrophulariaceae
    54 (2) • May 2005: 411–425 Oxelman & al. • Disintegration of Scrophulariaceae Further disintegration of Scrophulariaceae Bengt Oxelman1, Per Kornhall1, Richard G. Olmstead2 & Birgitta Bremer3 1 Department of Systematic Botany, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. [email protected]. (author for correspondence), [email protected] 2 Department of Biology, Box 355325, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, U.S.A. olm- [email protected] 3 The Bergius Foundation at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Box 50017 SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden. [email protected] A phylogenetic study of plastid DNA sequences (ndhF, trnL/F, and rps16) in Lamiales is presented. In partic- ular, the inclusiveness of Scrophulariaceae sensu APG II is elaborated. Scrophulariaceae in this sense are main- ly a southern hemisphere group, which includes Hemimerideae (including Alonsoa, with a few South American species), Myoporeae, the Central American Leucophylleae (including Capraria), Androya, Aptosimeae, Buddlejeae, Teedieae (including Oftia, Dermatobotrys, and Freylinia), Manuleeae, and chiefly Northern tem- perate Scrophularieae (including Verbascum and Oreosolen). Camptoloma and Phygelius group with Buddlejeae and Teedieae, but without being well resolved to any of these two groups. Antherothamnus is strongly supported as sister taxon to Scrophularieae. African Stilbaceae are shown to include Bowkerieae and Charadrophila. There is moderate support for a clade of putative Asian origin and including Phrymaceae, Paulownia, Rehmannia, Mazus, Lancea, and chiefly parasitic Orobanchaceae, to which Brandisia is shown to belong. A novel, strongly supported, clade of taxa earlier assigned to Scrophulariaceae was found. The clade includes Stemodiopsis, Torenia, Micranthemum and probably Picria and has unclear relationships to the rest of Lamiales.
    [Show full text]