Climate Early Paleogene
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Climate & Biota of the Early Paleogene Bilbao 2006 Organized by: Department of Stratigraphy and Paleontology Faculty of Science and Technology University of the Basque Country Sponsors Provincial Government of Biscay Faculty of Science and Technology University of the Basque Country Basque Government Ministry of Education and Culture of Spain Bilbao Town Council Zumaia Town Council Getxo Town Council Galdakao Town Council Basque Energy Board (EVE) IRIZAR Group The Geological and Mining Institute of Spain (IGME) Bilbao Turismo & Convention Bureau Algorri Research Centre International Subcommission on Paleogene Stratigraphy (ISPS) Edited by: Bernaola Gilen, Baceta Juan Ignacio, Payros Aitor, Orue-Etxebarria Xabier and Apellaniz Estibaliz Contributing authors: Alegret Laia, Angori Eugenia, Apellaniz Estibaliz, Arostegi Javier, Baceta Juan I., Bernaola Gilen, Caballero Fernando, Dinarès-Turell Jaume, Luterbacher Hanspeter, Martín-Rubio Maite, Monechi Simonetta, Nuño-Arana Yurena, Ortiz Silvia, Orue-Etxebarria Xabier, Payros Aitor, Pujalte Victoriano We recomend to reference this book as follows: Bernaola G., Baceta J.I., Payros A., Orue-Etxebarria X. and Apellaniz E. (eds.) 2006. The Paleocene and lower Eocene of the Zumaia section (Basque Basin). Climate and Biota of the Early Paleogene 2006. Post Conference Field Trip Guidebook. Bilbao, 82p. Baceta J.I., Bernaola G. and Arostegi J. 2006. Lithostratigraphy of the Mid-Paleocene interval at Zumaia section. In: Bernaola G., Baceta J.I., Payros A., Orue-Etxebarria X. and Apellaniz E. (eds.) 2006. The Paleocene and lower Eocene of the Zumaia section (Basque Basin). Climate and Biota of the Early Paleogene 2006. Post Conference Field Trip Guidebook. Bilbao, 82p. Printed by: KOPIAK. Bilbao ISBN: 84-689-8940-1 D.L..: May 2006 Venue Palacio Euskalduna Conference Centre and Concert Hall BILBAO. 12-20 June, 2006 Honor Committee Mr. Juan José Ibarretxe Markuartu President of the Basque Government Mr. Juan Ignacio Pérez Iglesias Rector of the University of the Basque Country Mr. José Luis Bilbao Eguren Deputy General of the Provincial Government of Biscay Mr. José Antonio Campos Granados Minister of Education, Universities and Research of the Basque Country Mrs. Belén Greaves Badillo Minister of Culture of the Provincial Government of Biscay Mr. Iñaki Azkuna Urreta Mayor of the Bilbao Council Mrs. M.ª Eugenia Arrizabalaga Olaizola Mayor of the Zumaia Council Mr. Iñaki Zarraoa Zabala Mayor of the Getxo Council Mr. Joseba Escribano Etxebarria Mayor of the Galdakao Council Mr. Miguel Ángel Gutiérrez Ortiz Vice-rector of Research of the University of the Basque Country Mr. Juan Ramón González Velasco Dean of the Faculty of Science and Technology of the University of the Basque Country Mr. José Ignacio Hormaeche Azumendi General Manager of the Basque Energy Board (EVE) Mr. Andoni Etxebarrieta Garmendia General Coordinator of the IRIZAR Group Convenors Victoriano Pujalte & Xabier Orue-Etxebarria University of the Basque Country Organizing Committee Victoriano Pujalte (University of the Basque Country, Bilbao) Xabier Orue-Etxebarria (University of the Basque Country, Bilbao) Estíbaliz Apellaniz (University of the Basque Country, Bilbao) Juan I. Baceta (University of the Basque Country, Bilbao) Gilen Bernaola (University of the Basque Country, Bilbao) Fernando Caballero (University of the Basque Country, Bilbao) Aitor Payros (University of the Basque Country, Bilbao) Jaume Dinarès-Turell (Istituto Nazionale Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Roma) Nieves López-Martinez (University Complutense of Madrid) Alejandro Robador (Geology and Mining Institute of Spain, Madrid) Birger Schmitz (University of Lund, Sweden) Josep Serra-Kiel (University of Barcelona) Josep Tosquella (University of Huelva) Scientific Committee Marie Pierre Aubry (Rutgers University, New Jersey, USA) William A. Berggren (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA) Henk Brinkhuis (Utrecht University, Netherlands) Christian Dupuis (Mons Polytechnics, Belgium) Philip D. Gingerich (University of Michigan, USA) Eduardo A. M. Koutsoukos (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil) Hanspeter Luterbacher (Barcelona, Spain) Eustoquio Molina (University of Zaragoza, Spain) Ursula Röhl (Bremen University, Germany) Birger Schmitz (University of Lund, Sweden) Ellen Thomas (Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA) Scott Wing (Smithsonian Institution, USA) Lisa C. Sloan (University of California, Santa Cruz, USA) James C. Zachos (University of California, Santa Cruz, USA) ZUMAIARI ESKAINIA DEDICATED TO ZUMAIA etxean dauzkazuen altxor geologikoak in the hope it will contribute to discover ezagutzen lagunduko duelakoan. the geological treasures you have at home. Zumaiako Udalbatzari esker onez, Many thanks to the Zumaia Town Council emandako laguntzagatik. for your kind support. Aitzgorri Lurmuturreko Daniarreko kareharri The San Pedro church in Zumaia was built using gorriska eta zuriskaz dago eraikita Zumaiako the reddish and whitish Danian limestones San Pedro eliza. that crop out in the Aitzgorri headland. CONTENTS 1.- CONTRIBUTION OF PROFESSOR AXEL VON HILLEBRANDT’S PIONEERING RESEARCHES TO PROMOTE ZUMAIA AS A GLOBAL REFERENCE SECTION (X. Orue-Etxebarria, E. Apellaniz)...................................................................................................................................... 9 1.- INTRODUCTION 1.1. The Upper Maastrichtian and lower Paleogene in the Pyrenean Basin (G. Bernaola, J.I. Baceta, V. Pujalte).... 13 1.2. The Zumaia section (J.I. Baceta, V. Pujalte, G. Bernaola, X. Orue-Etxebarria, E. Apellaniz)................................... 14 2.- THE CRETACEOUS/PALEOGENE (K/P) BOUNDARY 2.1. The K/P boundary and the Pyrenean Basin (G. Bernaola, E. Apellaniz, X. Orue-Etxebarria).............................. 18 2.2. Lithostratigraphy of the K/P boundary interval (J.I. Baceta, V. Pujalte).............................................................. 18 2.3. Calcareous nannofossil turnover across the K/P boundary (G. Bernaola)............................................................ 20 2.4. Planktic foraminifera turnover across the K/P boundary (E. Apellaniz, X. Orue-Etxebarria, H. Luterbacher).. 24 2.5. Evolution of the early Paleogene planktic foraminifera (E. Apellaniz, X. Orue-Etxebarria, H. Luterbacher)..... 26 3. CYCLO-, MAGNETO- AND CALCAREOUS PLANKTON BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE DANIAN LIMESTONE 3.1. Magnetostratigraphy of the Danian Limestone (J. Dinarès-Turell, J.I. Baceta, V. Pujalte)................................. 29 3.2. Cyclostratigraphy of the Danian Limestone (J. Dinarès-Turell, J.I. Baceta, V. Pujalte)....................................... 30 3.3. Planktic foraminifera biostratigraphy of the Danian Limestone (X. Orue-Etxebarria, E. Apellaniz)................. 35 3.4. Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the Danian Limenstone (G. Bernaola)............................................. 36 4.- THE MID-PALEOCENE INTERVAL AT ZUMAIA 4.1. An overview (J.I. Baceta, G. Bernaola)...................................................................................................................... 38 4.2. Lithostratigraphy (J.I. Baceta, G. Bernaola, J. Arostegi)......................................................................................... 38 4.2. Magneto- and cyclostratigraphy of the Mid-Paleocene interval (J. Dinarès-Turell, J.I. Baceta, V. Pujalte)...... 42 4.3. Calcareous nannofossils assemblages across the Mid-Paleocene (G. Bernaola, Y. Nuño-Arana)......................... 44 4.4. New planktic foraminifera biozonation from the Mid-Paleocene (X. Orue-Etxebarria, F. Caballero, E. Apellaniz)............................................................................................................................................................................ 46 4.5. Benthic foraminifera from the Danian-Selandian transition (S. Ortiz)................................................................. 47 4.6. Benthic foraminifera from the Selandian/Thanetian transition at Zumaia (L. Alegret, M. Martín-Rubio)....... 49 4.7. The Mid-Paleocene Biotic Event (MPBE) (G. Bernaola, J.I. Baceta, X. Orue-Etxebarria, L. Alegret, M. Martín- Rubio, J. Arostegi, J. Dinarès-Turell).................................................................................................................................. 49 4.8. Looking for a suitable criterion to define the Danian/Selandian & Selandian/Thanetian boundaries (G. Bernaola, X. Orue-Etxebarria, V. Pujalte, J.I. Baceta)....................................................................................................... 51 5 THE PALEOCENE/EOCENE BOUNDARY INTERVAL 5.1. An overview (G. Bernaola, X. Orue-Etxebarria)........................................................................................................ 54 5.2. The Paleocene/Eocene boundary at Zumaia section (J.I. Baceta, V. Pujalte, G. Bernaola)................................... 55 5.3. Magnetostratigraphy of the P/E boundary interval (J. Dinarès-Turell, J.I. Baceta, V. Pujalte)........................... 59 5.4. Cyclostratigraphy of the P/E boundary interval (J. Dinarès-Turell, J.I. Baceta, V. Pujalte)................................ 62 5.5. Calcareous nannofossil turnover across the P/E boundary interval (G.. Bernaola, E. Angori, S. Monechi)....... 63 5.6. Planktic foraminifera across the P/E boundary interval (X. Orue-Etxebarria, E. Apellaniz, F. Caballero) ....... 67 5.7. Benthic foraminifera from the Paleocene/Eocene transition (Laia Alegret and Silvia Ortiz)............................... 73 THE PALEOCENE AND LOWER EOCENE