Town of Mount Pleasant Conserva on Advisory Council Na ve Plant Resource Guide Introduc on to the Guide
Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Plants Na ve Plants Recommended for TriState Area Herbaceous Flowering Perennials, Evergreen Trees, Broadleaf Evergreen Shrubs, Vines, Woody Groundcovers, Shade Trees, Deciduous Flowering Trees Pages 1 - 3 Deer Resistant Na ve Plants Grasses, Herbaceous Plants, Herbaceous Emergents, Ferns, Vines, Groundcovers, Shrubs, Evergreen Trees, Trees Pages 4 - 5 Edible Frui ng Trees and Shrubs Na ve Plants that A ract Birds Shrubs, Trees Page 6 Na ve Plants that A ract Bu erflies and Hummingbirds Wildflowers, Vines, Shrubs, Trees Sunny Rain Gardens Grasses, Wet-Meadow Herbaceous Page 7 Shady Rain Gardens Ferns, Wetlands, Shrubs and Trees Page 8 Na ve Plants for Erosion Control Na ve Trees for Salt Tolerance Evergreen Trees, Flowering Deciduous, Deciduous Shrub, Deciduous Tree Page 9 Na ve Plants for Bio-reten on & Vegeta ve Swales Grasses, Perennials, Small Trees and Shrubs Page 10 Na ve Plants for Dry Soil Full Sun: Ferns, Wildflowers, Vines, Groundcovers, Shrubs, Trees Par al to Full Shade: Ferns, Grasses, Shrubs, Trees Page 11 Na ve Plants for Limestone Soils Trees & Shrubs, Herbaceous Plants, Ferns, Grasses, Vines Page 12 Na ve Plants for Wetlands-Riparian Areas Trees, Shrubs, Grasses, Perennials, Ferns Page 13 INTRODUCTION TO THE GUIDE
Our na ve wildlife and plants evolved over thousands of years into a deeply integrated ecosystem of food producers and food consumers. Ecosystems are that complex interdependent rela onship of living things, organic and inorganic material (from microbes to mammals, mountains and rocks) that in healthy combina on support a chain of life that includes our own. Invasive and non na ve plants can disrupt that chain by outcompe ng and replacing na ve species, reducing species diversity and altering natural ecological pa erns. There are consequences from the reduc on or elimina on of na ve species in this chain that we have all come to depend on for clean water, clean air and abundant food. Invasive or non na ve vegeta on offers no value in suppor ng ecosystems but instead do damage as they easily proliferate past his property lines onto neighbors' yards, parkland and other open spaces. This guide is intended to be a comprehensive resource for homeowners and developers interested in suppor ng the valuable environmental services provided by na ve plants in their landscaping plans. It includes a list of vegeta on na ve to this region followed by sec ons where those plants are listed in various landscaping use categories i.e. deer resistant, erosion control, salt tolerant, bird habitat etc. It will serve as a guide toward the important goal of providing environmental services and habitat values for wildlife as well as aesthe c quali es. By providing na ve habitat to support healthy ecosystems, homeowners can be good backyard environmental stewards on a quarter acre lot every bit as much as an estate or large preserve. Environmentalists, recognizing the inevitable development of open space, calculate that the most promising and largest opportunity for na ve plant preserva on may be the perimeter and backyards of subdivision homes. The na ve plant op ons for this "open space," all good alterna ves to invasive non na ves plants, are available in local nurseries and more informa on is readily available at the Na ve Plant Center at Westchester Community College. The Conserva on Advisory Council has noted that most home builders and developers support using na ve plan ngs in their landscaping plans for new construc on, recognizing the aesthe c, environmental and marke ng value. It is though le to the homeowner to con nue to support this valuable contribu on to maintaining good ecosystems. We hope that this guide will provide an efficient and easy resource for everyone from home gardeners to landscape architects. A lot is at stake including recrea onal fishing and boa ng, agriculture, healthy bee popula ons and the simple pleasure of seeing bu erflies in our backyards.
TOWN OF MOUNT PLEASANT CONSERVATION ADVISORY COUNCIL Steven Kavee, Chair Compiled by members: GG Kopilak, Jo DiCostanzo, Susan Cember
This plant guide and was created from various sources including but not limited to The Native Plant Center, Rosedale Nurseries, NYS Department of Environmental Conservation, Native Landscapes, Inc., Native Plant Garden Center, Pawling, NY, Westchester County Go Native (Westchestergov.com). It is a guide with suggestions and not a definitive resource. PROHIBITED AND REGULATED INVASIVE SPECIES
PROHIBITED TERRESTRIAL PLANTS Reynoutria japonica, Japanese Knotweed Acer pseudoplatanus, Sycamore Maple Reynoutria sachalinensis, Giant Knotweed Achyranthes japonica, Japanese Chaff Flower Reynoutria x bohemica, Bohemian Knotweed Alliaria pe olata, Garlic Mustard Rhamnus cathar ca, Common Buckthorn Ampelopsis brevipedunculata, Porcelain Berry Rosa mul flora, Muliflora Rose Anthriscus sylvestris, Wild Chervil Rubus phoenicolasius, Wineberry Aralia elata, Japanese Angelica Tree Salix atrocinerea, Gray Florist's Willow Artemisia vulgaris, Mugwort Silphium perfoliatum, Cup-plant Arthraxon hispidus, Small Carpet Grass Vitex rotundifolia, Beach Vitex Berberis thunbergii, Japanese Barberry Brachypodium sylva cum, Slender False Brome WETLAND PLANTS Cardamine impa ens, Narrowleaf Bi ercress Frangula alnus, Smooth Buckthorn Celastrus orbiculatus, Oriental Bi ersweet Glyceria maxima, Reed Manna Grass Centaurea stoebe, Spo ed Knapweed Iris pseudacorus, Yellow Iris Cirsium arvense, Canada Thistle Lythrum salicaria, Purple Loosestrife Cynanchum louiseae, Black Swallow-wort Murdannia keisak, Marsh Dewflower Cynanchum rossicum, Pale Swallow-wort Phragmites australis, Common Reed Grass Dioscorea polystachya, Chinese Yam Dipsacus laciniatus, Cut-leaf Teasel AQUATIC PLANTS Elaeagnus umbellata, Autumn Olive Cabomba caroliniana, Fanwort Euphorbia cyparissias, Cypress Spurge Egeria densa, Brazilian Waterweed Euphorbia esula, Leafy Spurge Hydrilla ver cillata, Hydrilla/ Water Thyme Ficaria verna, Lesser Celandine Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, European Frogbit Heracleum mantegazzianum, Giant Hogweed Ludwigia hexapetala Uruguayan Primrose Willow Humulus japonicus, Japanese Hops Ludwigia peploides, Floa ng Primrose Willow Imperata cylindrica, Cogon Grass Myriophyllum aqua cum, Parrot-feather Lepidium la folium, Broad-leaved Pepper-grass Myriophyllum heterophyllum, Broadleaf Water-milfoil Lespedeza cuneata, Chinese Lespedeza Myriophyllum spicatum, Eurasian Water-milfoil Ligustrum obtusifolium, Border Privet Nymphoides peltata, Yellow Floa ng Heart Lonicera japonica, Japanese Honeysuckle Potamogeton crispus, Curly Pondweed Lonicera maackii, Amur Honeysuckle Trapa natans, Water Chestnut Lonicera morrowii, Morrow's Honeysuckle Lonicera tatarica, Tartarian Honeysuckle Lonicera x bella, Fly Honeysuckle Lysimachia vulgaris, Garden Loosestrife Lythrum salicaria, Purple Loosestrife REGULATED Microstegium vimineum, Japanese S lt Grass Acer platanoides, Norway Maple Oplismenus hirtellus, Wavyleaf Basketgrass Clema s terniflora, Japanese Virgin's Bower Persicaria perfoliata, Mile-a- minute Weed Euonymus alatus, Burning Bush Phellodendron amurense, Amur Cork Tree Euonymus fortunei, Winter Creeper Phyllostachys aurea, Golden Bamboo Miscanthus sinensis, Phyllostachys aureosulcata, Yellow Groove Bamboo Chinese Silver Grass Pueraria montana, Kudzu Robinia pseudoacacia, Black Locust NATIVE PLANTS
HERBACEOUS FLOWERING PERENNIALS Heuchera americana and H. villosa (Coralbells) B/W Key to Typical Uses: Hibiscus moscheutos (Marsh Mallow) B/M/E B -- Borders Iris cristata (Crested Iris) W M – Meadows Iris versicolor (Blue Flag) E W -- Woodlands/Shade Jeffersonia diphylla (Twinleaf) W E -- Water Edges/Moist Lia