Native Pollinator Plants by Season of Bloom

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Native Pollinator Plants by Season of Bloom Extended list of forage and host plants for bees, butterflies and moths Very early spring SHRUBS PERENNIALS American hazelnut, Corylus americana, Bloodroot, Sanguinaria Canadensis C. cornuta Sand/moss phlox, Phlox bifida & P. subulata American honeysuckle, Lonicera canadensis Pussy willow, Salix discolor Shadbush, Amerlanchier canadensis, A. laevis

Bloodroot, © Lisa Looke

Early spring SHRUBS PERENNIALS Bayberry, Morella caroliniensis Blue cohosh, Caulophyllum thalictroides Flowering big-bracted dogwood, Benthamidia Dutchman’s breeches, Dicentra cucullaria florida Crested Iris, Iris cristata* Hobblebush, Viburnum lanatanoides Golden groundsel, Packera aurea Red eldeberry, Sambucus pubens Spicebush, Lindera benzoin Marsh marigold, Caltha palustrus Sweet fern, Comptonia peregrina Pussytoes, Antennaria spp. Sweetgale, Myrica gale Rue anemone, Thalictrum thalictroides Wild plums Violets, Viola adunca, V. cuccularia Beach plum, Prunus maritima Virginia bluebells, Mertensia virginica* Canada plum, Prunus nigra Marsh marigold, © Lisa Looke Sand plum, Prunus pumila

Mid-spring SHRUBS PERENNIALS (continued) Bearberry, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Canada wild ginger, Asarum canadense Black huckleberry, Gaylussacia baccata Common golden Alexanders, Zizia aurea Blueberry, Vaccinium spp. Early meadow-rue, Thalictrum dioicum Eastern shooting star, Dodecatheon meadia* Chokeberry, Aronia arbutifolia & Aronia Foam flower, Tiarella cordifolia melanocarpa Heart-leaved golden Alexanders, Zizia aptera Common snowberry, Symphoricarpos albus Jacob’s ladder, Polemonium reptans* Fragrant sumac, Rhus aromatica* King Solomon’s-seal, Polygonatum biflorum Mountain maple, Acer spicatum var. commutaturn Nannyberry, Viburnum lentago Large-leaved pussytoes, Antennaria Red buckeye, Aesculus pavia* plantaginifolia Nodding onion, Alium cernuum* Spotted crane’s-bill, © Lisa Looke Redbud, Cersis canadensis* Striped maple, Acer pennsylvanicum Red baneberry, Actaea rubra Red columbine, Aquilegia canadensis Solomon’s plume, Maianthemum racemosum PERENNIALS (syn. Smilacina racemosa) Spotted crane’s-bill, Geranium maculatum Barren strawberry, Waldsteinia fragarioides Twinleaf, Jeffersonia diphylla* Bellwort, Uvularia grandiflora & U. sessifolia Wild strawberry, Fragaria virginiana Bird-foot violet, Viola pedata Woodland stonecrop, Sedum ternatum* Bluets, Houstonia caerulea Wood phlox, Phlox divaricata* & P. stolonifera*

*species hardy in Maine but native to southern or western New England

P.O. Box 4301 • Portland, Maine 04101 • wildseedproject.net • [email protected] Native Pollinator Plants by Season of Bloom continued Extended list of forage and host plants for bees, butterflies and moths Late spring SHRUBS PERENNIALS Alternate-leaved dogwood, Cornus alternifolia Blue-eyed grass, Sisyrinchium monatum & American mountain ash, Sorbus americana S. angustifolium Arrowwood, Viburnum dentatum Canadian anemone, Anemone canadensis Atlantic ninebark, Physocarpus opulifolius Doll’s eyes, Actaea pachypoda Bleeding heart, Dicentra eximia* Fleabane, Erigeron spp. Blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium, Golden star, Chrysogonum virginianum* V. coryumbosum Hairy beardtongue, Penstemon hirsutus Early azalea, Rhododendron prinophyllum Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Arisaema racemosa Hawthorn, Crataegus spp. Sundial lupine, Lupinus perennis Highbush cranberry, Viburnum opulus s. Sundrops, Oenothera fruiticosa Bleeding heart, © Lisa Looke americanum Three toothed cinquefoil, Sibbaldiopsis tridentata Maple-leaved viburnum, Viburnum acerifolium Wild bleeding-heart, Dicentra eximia* Mountain laurel, Kalmia latifolia Wild sarsaparilla, Aralia nudicaulis

Early summer SHRUBS PERENNIALS Black elderberry, Sambucus niger s.canadensis American spikenard, Aralia racemosa Bush-honeysuckle, Diervilla lonicera Blue iris, Iris virginiana New Jersey tea, Ceanothus americanus Boneset, Eupatorium perfoliatum Red twig dogwood, Cornus sericea Bowman’s root, Gillenia trifolia* Shrubby cinquefoil, Potentilla fruticosa Foxglove beardtongue, Pennstemon digitalis Mad dog skullcap, Scutellaria laterifolia Purple-stemmed angelica, Angelica atropurpurea Tall anemone, Anemone virginiana Water avens, Geum rivale Yellow wild indigo, Baptisia tinctoria Bush honeysuckle, © Lisa Looke

Mid-summer SHRUBS PERENNIALS (continued) Clammy azalea, Rhododendron viscosum Black bugbane, Actaea racemosa* Common buttonbush, Cephalanthus occidentalis Black-eyed coneflower, Rudbeckia hirta Flowering raspberry, Rubus odoratus Blazing-star, Liatris aspera*, L.novae-angliae Great rosebay, Rhododendron maximum Blue vervain, Verbena hastata Rosy meadowsweet, Spiraea tomentosa Butterfly milkweed, Asclepias tuberosa Shrubby St. John’s-wort, Hypericum prolificum Canada burnet, Sanguisorba canadensis Smooth hydrangea, Hydrangea arborescens* Cardinal flower, Lobelia cardinalis Culver’s root, Veronicastrum virginicum* Sweet-bay magnolia, Magnolia virginiana* Green headed coneflower,Rudbeckia laciniata White meadowsweet, Spiraea alba Jewelweed, Impatiens capensis, I. pallida Wild rose, Rosa Carolina, R. virginiana Purple coneflower, Echinacea purpurea* Cardinal flower, © Lisa Looke Winterberry holly, Ilex verticillata Sunflower-everlasting, Heliopsis helianthoides Swamp milkweed, Asclepias incarnata Tall American bellflower,Campanula ameri- PERENNIALS cana* Virginia meadow-beauty, Rhexia virginica* American spikenard, Aralia racemosa Wild petunia, Ruellia virginica* Beebalm, Monarda didyma & M. fistulosa Woodland sunflower, Helianthus divaricatus

*species hardy in Maine but native to southern or western New England

P.O. Box 4301 • Portland, Maine 04101 • wildseedproject.net • [email protected] Native Pollinator Plants by Season of Bloom continued Extended list of forage and host plants for bees, butterflies and moths Late summer SHRUBS PERENNIALS (continued) Pink meadowsweet, Spirae tomentosa Large leaved wood aster, Eurybia macrophylla Sweet pepperbush, Clethra alnifolia Mountain mint, Pychnanthemum virginianum, P.muticum PERENNIALS New York ironweed, Vernonia noveboracen- sis* Blue lobelia, Lobelia siphilitica Pearly everlasting, Anaphalis margaritacea Culver’s root, Veronicastrum virginicum* Rough stemmed goldenrod, Solidago rugosa Flax-leaved aster, Ionactis linariifolia Seaside goldenrod, Solidago sempervirens Jewelweed, Impatiens capensis, I.pallida Spotted beebalm, Monarda punctata Joe-pye weed, Eutrochium dubium, Wild clematis, Clematis virginiana E. maculatum, E. fistulosum Blue lobelia, © Lisa Looke Wild cucumber, Echinocystis lobatata

Early fall PERENNIALS Closed gentian, Gentiana clausa Downy goldenrod, Solidago puberula New York aster, Symphyotrichum novae-belgii Obedient plant, Physostegia virginica* Smooth blue aster, Symphyotrichum laeve Three-lobed coneflower, Rudbeckia triloba* White snakeroot, Ageratina altissima White turtlehead, Chelone glabra White wood aster, Eurybia divaricata Zigzag goldenrod, Solidago flexicaluis Three-lobed coneflower, © Lisa Looke

Late fall SHRUBS PERENNIALS American witch-hazel, Hamamelis virginiana Bluestem goldenrod, Solidago caecia Heart-leaved aster, Symphyotrichum cordifolium New England aster, Symphyotrichum novae-angliae

*species hardy in Maine but native to southern or western New England

P.O. Box 4301 • Portland, Maine 04101 • wildseedproject.net • [email protected]