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Thesis Ref No………………….. ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE of VETERINARY MEDICINE and AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT of ANIMAL

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Thesis Ref No………………….. ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE of VETERINARY MEDICINE and AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT of ANIMAL Thesis Ref No………………….. ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE AND AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION STUDIES MSC PROGRAM IN ANIMAL PRODUCTION MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF INDIGENOUS CHICKEN AND THEIR PRODUCTION SYSTEM IN SILTE, DALOCHA AND WULBAREG WOREDAS OF SILT'E ZONE, SOUTH REGION, ETHIOPIA MSC THESIS BY EYOB TAGESSE HABDOLLO JUNE 2019 BISHOFTU, ETHIOPIA MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF INDIGENOUS CHICKEN AND THEIR PRODUCTION SYSTEM IN SILTE, DALOCHA AND WULBAREG WOREDAS OF SILT'E ZONE, SOUTH REGION, ETHIOPIA MSC THESIS A Thesis submitted to the College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture of Addis Ababa University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Animal Production By Eyob Tagesse Habdollo Advisor: Dr.Gebeyehu Goshu (Associate Professor) June 2019 Bishoftu, Ethiopia APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE SHEET Addis Ababa University College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture Department of Animal Production Studies ________________________________________________________________________ As members of the Examining Board of the final MSc open defense, we certify that we have read and evaluated the thesis prepared by Eyob Tagesse entitled ‘‘Morphological Characterization of Indigenous Chicken and their Production System in Silte, Dalocha and Wulbareg Woredas of Silt'e Zone, South Region, Ethiopia’’ and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the thesis requirement for the degree of Masters of Science in Animal Production ___________________________ ____________ ____________ Chairman Signature Date Prof. Harpal Singh (Professor) ____________ ____________ Internal Examiner Signature Date Dr. Wondmeneh Esatu (Associate Professor) ___________ ____________ External Examiner Signature Date I hereby certify that I have read the revised version of this thesis prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the thesis requirement. Dr. Gebeyehu Goshu (Associate Professor) ___________ ____________ Advisor Signature Date Prof. Brihan Tamir (Professor) ____________ ____________ Department Head Signature Date STATEMENT OF AUTHOR I declare that this thesis is my bona fide work and that all sources of material used for this thesis have been duly acknowledged. This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced (MSc) degree at Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture and is deposited at the University/College library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the library. I solemnly declare that this thesis is not submitted to any other institution anywhere for the award of an academic degree, diploma or certificate. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission provided that accurate acknowledgment of the source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the College when in his or her judgment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. Name: Eyob Tagesse Signature: ______________ College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Bishoftu Date of Submission: 20/6/2019 i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Above all, praise is to my almighty GOD for giving me good health, wisdom, ability, and strength to carry out this work and for all other graces. My special thanks go to Dr. Gebeyehu Goshu (Advisor) for his incalculable advice, supervise, constant encouragements, very constructive inputs, comments, and material support that he was kindly willing in the study period. His patience under all circumstances was models that a few us could hope to achieve. I would like to recognize and thank Silti, Dalocha, and Wulbareg woreda agricultural office for all their cooperation and generous response to requests for information during survey and data collection. I am deeply grateful to all my M.Sc. classmates and all my Instructors and staff of the Addis Ababa University Department of Animal Sciences. Finally, my thanks go to all my friends and colleagues who supported me in many different ways during my work. Most of all, I am profoundly grateful to my parents, my sisters, and brothers, for their willingness and prayer for the success of this paper to me. i TABLE OF CONTENTS Content Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS..................................................................................................................... i LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................................. iv LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................. v LIST OF APPENDICES ..................................................................................................................... vi LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................... vii ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................... viii 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1. Background and Justification .................................................................................................. 1 1.2. Objectives ................................................................................................................................... 3 2. LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................................ 4 2.1. Ethiopian Poultry Population and Distribution ..................................................................... 4 2.2. Poultry Production Systems in Ethiopia ................................................................................. 4 2.2.1. Small scale chicken production system in Ethiopia .............................................................. 5 2.2.2. Medium scale chicken production system in Ethiopia .......................................................... 5 2.2.3. Large scale commercial chicken production system in Ethiopia ......................................... 6 2.2.4. Integrated large scale commercial chicken production system in Ethiopia ......................... 6 2.3. Morphological Features of Poultry in Ethiopia ...................................................................... 6 2.4. The productivity of Indigenous Chickens ............................................................................... 8 2.5. Socio-economic Role of Poultry .............................................................................................. 11 2.6. Challenges of Poultry Production .......................................................................................... 12 2.6.1. Diseases and predators ...................................................................................................... 12 2.6.2. Nutritional constraints ........................................................................................................ 13 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS ................................................................................................... 15 3.1. Description of the Study Area ................................................................................................ 15 3.1.1. The geographical location of the study woredas ................................................................ 15 3.1.2. Ecological and demographic characteristics of the study woredas ................................... 15 3.2. Sampling Method and Data Collection.................................................................................. 17 3.2.1. Sampling and data collection for production system survey .............................................. 17 3.2.2.Sampling and data collection for morphological studies .................................................... 18 3.3. Statistical Analysis ................................................................................................................... 20 ii 4. RESULTS ........................................................................................................................................ 22 4.1. Production System Parameters of Chicken in the Study Woredas ..................................... 22 4.1.1. Socio-economic characteristics of the households ............................................................. 22 4.1.2. Feeds and feeding ............................................................................................................... 25 4.1.3. Housing and accommodation of chicken ............................................................................ 28 4.1.4. Diseases and health management of chicken ..................................................................... 29 4.1.5. The productivity of chicken................................................................................................. 31 4.1.6. Chicken culling practices ................................................................................................... 34 4.1.7. Marketing of chicken and eggs ........................................................................................... 35 4.1.8. Extension services and source of information for chicken production ..............................
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