DOCSLIB.ORG

Tajas Vol.18 No.1 June 2019

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tajas Vol.18 No.1 June 2019 An International Journal of Basic and Applied Research (TAJAS) June, 2019 Vol. 18 No. 1 www.sua.ac.tz ISSN 0856-664X Published by: College of Agriculture Division of Research & Dev. Sokoine University of Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture, Morogoro, Dar es salaam Tanzania www.coa.ac.tz/college_agriculture TANZANIA JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES June, 2019 Vol. 18 No. 1 ii Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences Editor- in-Chief Prof. C.N. Nyaruhucha Department of Food Technology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, SUA. Deputy Editor- in-Chief Dr H. Tindwa Department of Soil Science Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro Dr. J.M. Nkuba MALF Editorial Advisory Board Prof. S. Deckers KU Leuven, Belgium Dr. H. Tindwa Department of Soil and Geological Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro Dr. J.M. Nkuba MALF Prof. M. Erbaugh OSU, USA. Prof. D. Mwaseba Dept. of Agric. Extension and Community Development, SUA, Morogoro Prof. L.O. Eik UMB, NORWAY. Dr. G. Rwegasira Department of Crop Sciences and Horticulture, SUA, Morogoro Dr. D.M. Komwihangilo TALIRI, Mpwapwa, Dodoma . Dr. A. Shoko TAFIRI, Dar es Salaam Dr. C.Z. Mkangwa ARI – Mlingano, TANGA Dr. L.M. Chove Dept. of Food Technology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, SUA. The Scientific/Technical Editors Sub-committee of Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences Dr. T. Jumbe Dept. of Food Technology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, SUA, Morogoro. Dr. B. Msangi Commission for Science and Technology (COSTECH), Dar es Salaam. Prof. P. Kusolwa Department of Crop Sciences and Horticulture, SUA, Morogoro. Prof. F. Kahimba Department of Engineering Sciences and Technology, SUA, Morogoro Dr. D. Mushi Department of Animal Aquaculture and Range Sciences, SUA, Morogoro Promotion Committee Dr. N. Madalla Department of Animal Aquaculture and Range Sciences, SUA. Dr. S. Kashenge ARI Cholima, MALF Dr. T. Kaijage MALF Prof. R. Haug NMBU, Norway Mrs. J. Mkindi TAHA, Arusha Consulting Editors: Senior scientists in various fields of agricultural sciences within and outside the country shall act as peer reviewers of scientific manuscripts submitted to the Journal. General Information Aims and Scope:- Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences is a peer reviewed scientific journal that publishes original and scholarly research articles dealing with fundamental and applied aspects of Agriculture, Food Aquaculture and Wildlife. Occasionally invited review articles will be published as well. Frequency of Publication Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences will be published twice a year, one volume a year. The first issue will be published in June and the second in December of each year. Subscription Tanzania Shillings 88,000 or US $ 40 per issue. Price per issue is TZS 60,000 (Tanzania Institutions), T.Shs. 30,000 (Tanzania Scientists), TZS. 88,000 (Foreign subscribers) and should be sent to: Editor-In-Chief, TAJAS, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P. O. Box 3000, Morogoro, Tanzania; E-mail address: [email protected] An International Journal of Basic and Applied Research Table of Contents iii Economic Efficiency Analysis of Dairy Farmers Participating in Dairy Market Hubs in Tanga and Morogoro regions, Tanzania........................................................................................1 Bayiyana, I., A. Hepelwa and E.J.O. Rao Increased Productivity in Tanzanian Cattle is the Main Approach to Reduce Methane Emission per Unit of Product..........................................................................................................14 Weisbjerg, M.R., Terkelsen, M., Hvelplund, T., Lund, P. and Madsen, J. Weather Related Challenges and Transitory Food Insecurity in Semiarid Mixed Crop-Livestock Systems in Manyoni District, Tanzania................................................................22 Urassa, N.S. and E.Y. Swai Determinants of Yam Production and Resource use Efficiency under Agroforestry System in Edo State, Nigeria......................................................................................................35 Idumah, F.O. and P.T. Owombo Technical Note on Promoting Integrated Soil, Water and Nutrient Management Technologies in Southern Highlands Zone of Tanzania..................................................................43 Mzimbiri, M.K., J.U.Z. Malley, and W.N. Mmari Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences (2019) Vol. 18 No. 1 iv Editorial he College of Agriculture (CoA) formerly known as Faculty of Agriculture (FoA) of the TSokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) has been in existance for over 30 years. Among its major responsibilities is to provide research leadership in all aspects of agriculture and food. In order to discharge this national responsibility, scientists in the College work closely with colleagues in other Colleges and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries (MALF). This close collaboration between SUA and MALF in enhancing agricultural development has been the main drive behind the initiative to start this point publication of the Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences. The Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences (TAJAS) endeavors to bring together academic contributions in the field of agriculture in its broad term with the main aim being to: ■ Focus on and foster the science of agriculture ■ Provide a new leading source of information and knowledge in all fields of agriculture. Thus, TAJAS provides a platform and outlet of publications for scientists, researchers and scholars in the field of agriculture. The scope of TAJAS encompasses original research (basic and applied), comprehensive up-to-date reviews and technical notes. The development of this journal is the result of interest and tireless effort by many scientists from CoA and MALF. The Technical Editors subcommittee, the Editorial Advisory Board, the Promotion Subcommittee and peer reviewers have great responsibility towards the shaping and the growth of the journal. The Editor-in-Chief is deeply grateful to these persons for their work. The contents and the extent of this journal will be determined by what the subscibers and contributors want and need. Your constant comments will assist in improving the journal and earn your growing respect. It is the hope of CoA, MALF and the Editors that TAJAS will meet the expectations of the local, regional and International scientific community in the field of agriculture and applied sciences. Prof. C.N. Nyaruhucha Editor-in-Chief An International Journal of Basic and Applied Research Economic Efficiency Analysis of Dairy Farmers Participating in Dairy Market Hubs in Tanga and Morogoro regions, Tanzania *Irene Bayiyana1, Aloyce Hepelwa1 and Elizaphan J.O. Rao2 1University of Dar es Salaam, Department of Economics 2International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) *Corresponding author’s e-mail address: [email protected] Abstract The regular supply of reliable quality milk may call for a hub approach where dairy services are clustered around a milk buyer under some form of contractual agreement. However, empirical evidence on the economic efficiency of hub participating farmers is limited. The objective of this study is to determine the economic efficiency of dairy farmers participating in dairy market hubs (DMHs). The study uses secondary data collected from 384 smallholder dairy farmers in Tanga and Morogoro regions and employs stochastic frontier translog cost model to estimate the level of economic efficiency among smallholder dairy farmers participating in DMHs. Results indicate that economic efficiency index ranged from 0.003-0.999 with a mean of 0.932 points implying that the sampled farmers were close to being fully economically efficient in the allocation of resources for producing a given level of milk output. Key factors indirectly related to cost inefficiency were education level, age, hub membership, and farmer location. These results indicate that new entrants especially the youths need to be encouraged to rear dairy cows. In addition, there is a need to provide farmers with basic information through trainings on profitable dairying, better technology and practices so as to improve their knowledge and skills. Keywords – Dairy market hub, economic efficiency, smallholder, stochastic frontier Introduction might also have impacts on economic efficiency airy farming is an important livelihood and farm productivity; aspects which have not Doption for many poor rural households in been sufficiently analyzed for less and pre- the developing world, providing an important commercial dairy farmers so far. source of nutrients (Chandio et al., 2017) (Duncan et al., 2013; Thorpe et al., 2000) Compared to extensive dairying, intensive dairy and contributing to household incomes (Rao production often entails more sophisticated et al., 2016). Even though dairying offers planning and use of inputs, which could promising opportunities to combat poverty, positively influence cost/economic efficiency there is a significant risk that dairy development (Omore 2013). Economic efficiency is crucial will exclude smallholder poor farmers such to production, marketing and trade (Karamagi, as women (Mishkin et al., 2018) (Rota, 2002). Economic efficiency is a composite 2009). Developed and emerging nations have product of technical and allocative efficiency intensified milk production in order to reap the (Adesina and Djato, 2008). Hence, economic benefits of economies of scale while in many efficiency is defined as the firm’s capacity developing countries, milk production remains to produce a given amount
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Beekeeping for Poverty Reduction and Biodiversity Conservation
    Bees for Development Journal 101 Beekeeping for poverty reduction and biodiversity conservation Angela R Mwakatobe, Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, PO Box 661, Arusha, Tanzania Raphael M Machumu, Forestry Training Institute Olmotonyi, PO Box 943, Arusha, Tanzania Keywords: beeswax, honey, income generation, Manyoni District, Tanzania involved in the honey beer business and in producing equipment and protective clothing. For about 70% of beekeepers interviewed, income from Introduction selling bee products subsidised household economies by at least 30%. Beekeeping in Tanzania plays a major role in socio-economic development. It is an important source of income especially for Honey production communities living close to forests and woodlands (BID Journal 89, The major areas of honey production in Tanzania are Dodoma, Iringa, 2008). In Tanzania current honey and beeswax production stand at 3.5% of Singida and Tabora Regions (NWRC, 2007). Manyoni District has a high estimated potential figures (Mwakatobe & Mlingwa, 2005). This low beekeeping production potential (Table 2), as it was reported by Village production indicates an opportunity to increase beekeeping activities to Beekeeping Development Groups that income accrued per individual raise income and reduce poverty. Despite its significance, there is little beekeeper increased from an average US$150 (€112) in June 2000, to empirical evidence of the value of traditional beekeeping for income US$691 (€516) in June 2003. With an average of four beekeepers at generation. Our research aims to assess the contribution of traditional household level, income per household increased from US$450 (€336) to beekeeping to poverty reduction in Manyoni District. The results will US$2,764 (€2,064).
    [Show full text]
  • Appeal E-Mail: [email protected] Coordinating Office
    150 route de Ferney, P.O. Box 2100 1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland Tel: 41 22 791 6033 Fax: 41 22 791 6506 Appeal e-mail: [email protected] Coordinating Office Tanzania Food Relief Assistance – AFTZ61 Appeal Target: US$ 741,141 Geneva, 21 March 2006 Dear Colleagues, The latest Tanzanian government report on the food situation shows that from February to April, 3.76 million people - more than 10 percent of the country's population- will need 99,676 tonnes of maize food aid. According to the country's Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security the food deficit in Tanzania is linked to the failure of short rains between August and November 2005 which account for 30% of annual harvests in the country. A Rapid Vulnerability Assessment carried out by the government, WFP, and NGOs in early February identified 564,000 of the total impacted population as being destitute and in need of free food distribution. To date, the government of Tanzania has not declared a national emergency but WFP and NGOs are concerned that government resources are insufficient to meet the urgent needs of this vulnerable population. The long rainy season is now expected between March and May, but if it fails or comes too late, the number of people needing food relief could go up. ACT member the Christian Council of Tanzania (CCT) is appealing for assistance to provide food relief to approximately 80,500 of the most destitute people in seven regions in rural Tanzania, to be distributed through its member churches the Anglican Church of Tanzania (ACT), the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania (ELCT), the African Inland Church of Tanzania (AIC) and the Mennonite Church of Tanzania (MEN) stationed across the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Cooperatives in Tanzania Mainland: Revival and Growth Sam Maghimbi
    CoopAFRICA Working Paper No. 14 Cooperatives in Tanzania mainland: Revival and growth Sam Maghimbi In Tanzania nearly eight million people are dependent on the services and employment opportunities associated with the cooperative movement. The movement shows strong and persistent organizational stability. The Tanzania Federation of Cooperatives continually undertakes assessments and makes contributions to cooperative policy and legislation. Their capacity to lobby on behalf of cooperative members has made it possible for them to reach other cooperative movements, especially in Europe, and AFRICA there is now some networking between local cooperatives and foreign cooperative Coop Working Paper No.14 organizations. However, marketing services of the Tanzanian Federation of Cooperatives are limited and complaints of lack of access to markets and low prices for Cooperatives in Tanzania cooperative members’ crops are very common. Crop marketing cooperatives are heavily indebted to banks, which highlights the need for growth in the number of cooperative mainland: Revival and banks. Savings and credit cooperatives have been more successful in increasing social protection for members, by providing loans for emergencies, social fees and funerals, growth among others. Sam Maghimbi ILO Country Office for the United Republic of Tanzania, Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda COOPAFRICA Kazi House, Maktaba Street P.O. Box 9212 Dar es Salaam United Republic of Tanzania Tel: +255.22.2196700 Fax: +255.22.2122597 E-mail: [email protected] www.ilo.org/coopafrica International Labour Office Cooperative Programme (EMP/COOP) 4, route des Morillons 1211 Geneva 22 Switzerland Tel: + 41.22.7997021 Fax: +41.22.7996570 E-mail: [email protected] www.ilo.org/coop The Cooperative Facility for Africa (CoopAFRIC A ) is a regional technical cooperation programme of the ILO contributing to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and the promotion of decent work in Africa by promoting self-help initiatives, mutual assistance in communities and cross border exchanges through the cooperative approach.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on the State of Pastoralists' Human Rights in Tanzania
    REPORT ON THE STATE OF PASTORALISTS’ HUMAN RIGHTS IN TANZANIA: SURVEY OF TEN DISTRICTS OF TANZANIA MAINLAND 2010/2011 [Area Surveyed: Handeni, Kilindi, Bagamoyo, Kibaha, Iringa-Rural, Morogoro, Mvomero, Kilosa, Mbarali and Kiteto Districts] Cover Picture: Maasai warriors dancing at the initiation ceremony of Mr. Kipulelia Kadege’s children in Handeni District, Tanga Region, April 2006. PAICODEO Tanzania Funded By: IWGIA, Denmark 1 REPORT ON THE STATE OF PASTORALISTS’ HUMAN RIGHTS IN TANZANIA: SURVEY OF TEN DISTRICTS OF TANZANIA MAINLAND 2010/2011 [Area Surveyed: Handeni, Kilindi, Bagamoyo, Kibaha, Iringa-Rural, Morogoro-Rural, Mvomero, Kilosa, Mbarali and Kiteto Districts] PARAKUIYO PASTORALISTS INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION-(PAICODEO) Funded By: IWGIA, Denmark i REPORT ON THE STATE OF PASTORALISTS’ RIGHTS IN TANZANIA: SURVEY OF TEN DISTRICTS OF TANZANIA MAINLAND 2010/2011 Researchers Legal and Development Consultants Limited (LEDECO Advocates) Writer Adv. Clarence KIPOBOTA (Advocate of the High Court) Publisher Parakuiyo Pastoralists Indigenous Community Development Organization © PAICODEO March, 2013 ISBN: 978-9987-9726-1-6 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... vii FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................viii Legal Status and Objectives of PAICODEO ...........................................................viii Vision ......................................................................................................................viii
    [Show full text]
  • Does Scarcity Reduce Cooperation? Experimental Evidence from Rural Tanzania
    Development Economics Research Group Working Paper Series 04-2020 Does Scarcity Reduce Cooperation? Experimental Evidence from Rural Tanzania Gustav Agneman Paolo Falco Exaud Joel Onesmo Selejio October 2020 ISSN 2597-1018 Does Scarcity Reduce Cooperation? Experimental Evidence from Rural Tanzania∗ Gustav Agneman1, Paolo Falco1, Exaud Joel2, and Onesmo Selejio2 1Department of Economics, University of Copenhagen 2Department of Economics, University of Dar Es Salaam October 21, 2020 Abstract Cooperation is essential to reap efficiency gains from specialization, not least in poor com- munities where economic transactions often are informal. Yet, cooperation might be more difficult to sustain under scarcity, since defecting from a cooperative equilibrium can yield safe, short-run benefits. In this study, we investigate how scarcity affects cooperation by leveraging exogenous variation in economic conditions induced by the Msimu harvest in ru- ral Tanzania. We document significant changes in food consumption between the pre- and post-harvest period, and show that lean season scarcity reduces socially efficient but per- sonally risky investments in a framed Investment Game. This can contribute to what is commonly referred to as a behavioral poverty trap. Keywords: scarcity, cooperation, field experiment JEL Codes: C71, C93, D91 ∗This study was made possible by financial support from the Danish Embassy in Dar es Salaam (Tanzania), as part of the GDRP Phase II Project. We are grateful to the team of research assistants from the Singida region for their excellent work. We are also thankful to the Development Economics Research Group at the University of Copenhagen for their invaluable support, and to the TRIBE group at the University of Copenhagen for great feedback.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization of Maize Producing Households in Manyoni and Chamwino Districts in Tanzania
    Drought Tolerant Maize for Africa (DTMA) Project Country Report – Household Survey Characterization of Maize Producing Households in Manyoni and Chamwino Districts in Tanzania Anna Temu, Appolinary Manyama, Charles Mgeni, Augustine Langyintuo and Betty Waized The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, known by its Spanish acronym, CIMMYT® (www.cimmyt.org), is an international, not-for-profit research and training organization. With partners in over 100 countries, the center works to sustainably increase the productivity of maize and wheat systems to ensure global food security and reduce poverty. The center's outputs and services include improved maize and wheat varieties and cropping systems, the conservation of maize and wheat genetic resources, and capacity building. CIMMYT belongs to and is funded by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) (www.cgiar.org) and also receives support from national governments, foundations, development banks, and other public and private agencies. CIMMYT is particularly grateful for the generous, unrestricted funding that has kept the center strong and effective over many years. The Drought Tolerant Maize for Africa (DTMA) project is jointly being implemented by CIMMYT and the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). Its funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. The project is part of a broad partnership also involving national agricultural research and extension systems, seed companies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), community-based organizations (CBOs), and advanced research institutes, together known as the DTMA Initiative. Its activities build on longer-term support by other donors, including the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the Eiselen Foundation.
    [Show full text]
  • Project/Programme Proposal to the Adaptation Fund
    PROJECT/PROGRAMME PROPOSAL TO THE ADAPTATION FUND PART I: PROJECT/PROGRAMME INFORMATION Project/Programme Category: Regular Project Country/ies: United Republic of Tanzania Title of Project/Programme: Strategic Water Harvesting Technologies for Enhancing Resilience to Climate Change in Rural Communities in Semi-Arid Areas of Tanzania (SWAHAT) Type of Implementing Entity: National Implementing Entity (NIE) Implementing Entity: National Environment Management Council (NEMC) Executing Entity/: Sokoine University of Agriculture Amount of Financing Requested 1,280,000 (in U.S Dollars Equivalent) Project Summary The objective of proposed SWAHAT project is enhancing resilience and adaptation of semi arid rural communities to climate change-induced impacts of drought, floods and water scarcity. This will be achieved through strategic water harvesting technologies that will contribute to improved crops, aquaculture and livestock productivity, reforestation as well as combating emerging crops and livestock pests and diseases. The conceptual design of the water harvesting dam has been designed to ensure afforestation of the catchment before the dam thus prevention excessive siltation. The constructed or rehabilitated dams will supply water for all the proposed resilience and adaptation enhancing integrated innovations to be implemented on the semi-arid landscapes. In addition, synergism between aquaculture and agricultural activities will be done to enhance nutrient recycling and improve resource use efficiency. Nursery for fruits and forest trees as well as vegetable gardens will be established and supply seedlings for afforestation and horticulture. Pastureland and animal husbandry infrastructure will be established downstream of the dam for improved productivity and supply of manure for soil fertility improvement. The afforested landscape will integrate apiary units, provide fuel wood and restore habitats for biodiversity conservation.
    [Show full text]
  • Role of Local Agricultural Innovations in Semi-Arid Tanzania
    Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International 3(4): 147-159, 2015; Article no.JAERI.2015.043 ISSN: 2394-1073 SCIENCEDOMAIN international www.sciencedomain.org Climate Change Adaptation: Role of Local Agricultural Innovations in Semi-Arid Tanzania E. Benedict1 and A. E. Majule2* 1Centre for Climate Change Studies (CCCS), University of Dar es Salaam, P.O.Box 33453, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. 2Institute of Resource Assessment (IRA), University of Dar es Salaam, P.O.Box 35097, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration between both authors. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/JAERI/2015/15489 Editor(s): (1) Bin Gao, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, USA. Reviewers: (1) Ikehi Michael E., Agricultural Unit, Department of Vocational Teacher Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. (2) Anonymous, Canada. (3) Anonymous, Italy. (4) Anonymous, Ghana. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sciencedomain.org/review-history.php?iid=924&id=37&aid=8679 Received 28th November 2014 th Original Research Article Accepted 18 February 2015 Published 3rd April 2015 ABSTRACT Agriculture which supports the livelihoods of the majority is challenged by many stressors including climate change impacts. Impacts such as floods and droughts have left farmers with no reliable option rather than farm management and off-farm activities such as irrigation, use of improved seed varieties, crop and livelihood diversification. Nevertheless, contribution of such practices to improving livelihood among smallholder farmers is generally documented and concluded. This study was therefore carried out to determine effectiveness of local agricultural innovation system in enhancing livelihood of smallholder farmers in semi-arid Tanzania.
    [Show full text]
  • Ikungi District Baseline Report 2013 - Revised
    IKUNGI DISTRICT BASELINE REPORT 2013 - REVISED INTERGRATING POVERTY-ENVIRONMENT-GENDER OBJECTIVES IN DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT PLANS FOR ACCELERATING ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY Prof. A.V.Y. Mbelle 2013 Department of Economics; University of Dar es Salaam ii | P a g e Modern and traditional bee hives side by side Selling honey by the road side Indigenous chicken raring at Unyangwe Water tank at Matongo village, 2007 Tree seedlings at Nyumba ya Nyuki Appeal for inclusiveness ingraved in stone iii | P a g e TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTENTS iii List of Tables iv Abbreviations and Acronyms v Acknowledgement vi Executive summary Vii I BACKGROUND INFORMATION 1 II IKUNGI DISTRICT PRIORITY SECTORS FOR POVERTY ERADICATION 9 III IKUNGI DISTRICT PRIORITIES IN EACH PRIORITY SECTOR 11 IV IKUNGI DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND BUDGET 13 V IKUNGI DISTRICT HUMAN RESOURCES, TOOLS AND COORDINATION 14 MECHANISMS FOR MAINSTREAMING POVERTY REDUCTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION OBJECTIVES STRATEGIC PLAN AND BUDGETS IN THE SECTORS OF AGRICULTURE, FISHERY AND FORESTRY VI WOMEN AND YOUTH PARTICIPATION/INVOLVEMENT IN PLANNING 15 AND BUDGETING IN AGRICULTURE, FISHERY AND FOREST SECTORS IN IKUNGI DISTRICT VII KEY GEOGRAPHICAL SITES (VILLAGES OR AREA/LOCATION IN A 17 VILLAGE) IN THE DISTRICT FOR IMMEDIATE ACTIONS /INTERVENTIONS IN AGRICULTURE, FISHERY AND FORESTRY FOR ACHIEVING “BIG RESULTS NOW” VIII SUGGESTIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INTEGRATING AND 18 IMPLEMENTING POVERTY-ENVIRONMENT NEXUS IN THE DISTRICT IX PROPOSED POVERTY-ENVIRONMENT BASELINES, TARGETS AND 19
    [Show full text]
  • Singida Region September 2020
    A Study on Gender and Eye Health Services - Singida Region September 2020 Gender Issues in Maono Project Areas (Sightsavers Tanzania) Submitted on 22nd April, 2020 by: TGNP P.O. Box 8921, Dar-es-Salaam Tel. +255 22 244 3204 Fax: +255 22 244 3286 E-Mail: [email protected] Website: https://tgnp.org/gender-training/ Contact Person: Clara Kalanga Email: [email protected] Mobile: +255 714 586 092 Attention: To: Dr. G. Katunzi Sightsavers Country Director Email: [email protected] Mobile: +255 677 000 333 2 A Study on Gender and Eye Health Services - Singida Region | September 2020 Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................................................................... 3 Acronyms & Abbreviations ............................................................................................ 4 Acknowledgement ......................................................................................................... 5 1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................. 6 2. Introduction ......................................................................................................... 13 2.2. Rationale of the Assignment ............................................................................... 14 2.1. Objectives of the Assignment ............................................................................. 14 2.2. Expected Deliverables .......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Weather Related Challenges and Transitory Food Insecurity in Semiarid Mixed Crop-Livestock Systems in Manyoni District, Tanzania
    Weather Related Challenges and Transitory Food Insecurity in Semiarid Mixed Crop-Livestock Systems in Manyoni District, Tanzania *Urassa, N.S.1 and E.Y. Swai2 1Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) P.O. Box 834, Dodoma, Tanzania 2Agricultural Research Institute Hombolo P.O. Box 299, Dodoma, Tanzania *E-mail of the corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Many studies done in Latin America, Africa and Tanzania have reported various experiences on impact of weather-related challenges; perception and adaptation strategies practiced in various farming systems mainly crop and mangrove communities. However, little is documented about the experiences of households depending on mixed crop-livestock systems in semiarid areas in Central Tanzania. Using Manyoni District of Singida Region as a study area, quantitative data were collected from 90 respondents/households. Structured questionnaire was used to explore in- depth information about knowledge on weather related challenges; number of meals taken per day; role of some demographic and socio-economic factors and constraints faced. SPSS was employed for data entry and analysis. The findings showed 92.2% had knowledge about weather related challenges including changes in temperature rainfall pattern and wind; number of meals taken per household per day varied from one (1) and two (2) meals; a Chi-Square model at p ≤ 0.05 indicated that status of food in terms of the number of meals taken per household per day was determined by some demographic and socio-economic factors including age; size of the household, ownership and size of land; type and number of livestock owned as well as distance from areas of residence to the nearby urban centres.
    [Show full text]
  • Farm Based Adaptation Strategies to Climate
    International Journal of Research in Social Sciences Vol. 7 Issue 7, July 2017, ISSN: 2249-2496 Impact Factor: 7.081 Journal Homepage: http://www.ijmra.us, Email: [email protected] Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A., Open J-Gage as well as in Cabell’s Directories of Publishing Opportunities, U.S.A FARM BASED ADAPTATION STRATEGIES TO CLIMATE CHANGE AMONG SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN MANYONI DISTRICT, TANZANIA Andrew Omari Shirima* Galinoma Lubawa** ABSTRACT Climate change is a global challenge to both sustainable livelihoods and economic development. In Tanzania farming depends almost entirely on rainfall, a situation that makes agriculture vulnerable to climate change. This study investigated the adaptation strategies adopted by smallholder farmers in Manyoni District.The specific objectives were to determine the adaptation strategies by smallholder famers and examine adaptation strategies by socio-demographic factors. The study adopted cross-sectional design. Multistage sampling technique was adopted to randomly select four wards, eight villages and 240 respondents; 30 from each village. Primary and secondary data were collected. Data were collected using questionnaire survey and FGDs. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis whereas quantitative data analysis was done using SPSS for descriptive statistics. Adaptation strategies were shifting cultivation, staggered cropping, cultivation of short time crops and cultivating drought resistant crops. The identified adaptation strategies were mainly selected by majority of those who owned land, and most of them were those who had non-formal education. The study concludes that the adaptation strategies that were mainly adopted were farm-based.
    [Show full text]