The Best of Portugal
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ORDER of CHRIST and the AGE of DISCOVERY Barbara Juršič OSMTH Slovenia [email protected] VK202101VIIICC04
VITEŠKA KULTURA, god. VIII (2021) CHIVALROUS CULTURE ISSN 2335-0067 ORDER OF CHRIST AND THE AGE OF DISCOVERY Barbara Juršič OSMTH Slovenia [email protected] VK202101VIIICC04 Abstract — Following the abolition of the Order of Templars, Order of Christ, along with the land between the towns of Portuguese king D. Dinis's envoys helped persuade Pope John Santarém and Tomar, including the fortified castle of Almourol, XXII to re-establish the Order in Portugal in 1319 with the Papal which to this day reigns in the middle of Portugal, symbolically bull under the new name Order of Christ, which continued in the middle between the country's north and southern part. nurturing Templar ideals and values. The Order played a vital After the Muslims conquered the holy city in 1291, Templars role in solidification of Portugal statehood and exile of »Islam« from the Pyrenees, and with the danger over, dedicated its efforts, settled down in Europe and found themselves with strong and particularly with the support of Prince Henry the Navigator, to mighty opponents such as king of France Philip IV and Pope discoveries of new, previously unexplored worlds. Not only Clement V who orchestrated the prosecution and abolishment discoveries of new territories, but also new developments in of the Templars. Besides being deeply indebted with the science culture and knowledge of the human linked to them, which Templars, King Philip IV also wanted to come into possession marked the tipping point from the medieval understanding into a of their mythic treasure that went on to disappear mysteriously. modern, renaissance perception of a man and humanity in Another legend that added to the mystification and hatred of general. -
The Commemorative Programme of the Avis Princes at Santa Maria Da Vitória, Batalha
Brotherly love and filial obedience: the commemorative programme of the Avis princes at Santa Maria da Vitória, Batalha Begoña Farré Torras Dissertação de Mestrado em História da Arte Medieval Março 2014 Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em História da Arte Medieval, realizada sob a orientação científica da Prof. Doutora Joana Ramôa Melo To Rogério And to every person who, knowingly or not, ever taught me anything ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In the process of researching for and writing this dissertation, I have been fortunate to count on the support and practical help of a great many people, of which I would like to explicitly acknowledge at least a few. I am indebted to Professor Joana Ramôa Melo, my dissertation supervisor, for her thorough scholarly guidance within a much valued atmosphere of academic freedom, as well as for her encouragement, understanding and friendship. She has been assisted in her role by Professor José Custódio Vieira da Silva, dissertation co- supervisor, to whom I am particularly thankful for his intuitive suggestion, very early on in my research, of a potential patron for the object under study, which turned out to be the cornerstone of all the work presented here. I would also like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Pedro Redol and his team at the Monastery of Santa Maria da Vitória, Batalha, for their warm and professional welcome to the monument, granting me unlimited access to its facilities and archives, coupled with enthusiasm and support for my research project. A particular debt of gratitude is owed to Professor Miguel Metelo de Seixas, who most generously offered his time and precious knowledge on heraldry to enlighten me on this fascinating subject. -
2. Caracterização Arquitetónica
Revitalização do Castelo de Almourol ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. CARACTERIZAÇÃO ARQUITETÓNICA 2.1. O Castelo de Almourol – construção, restauros e funções. Quando os templários estavam a concluir a construção do castelo de Tomar, decorria o ano de 1169, receberam a doação dos castelos de Cardiga e de Zêzere. Foi na fronteira sul destes novos domínios, no âmbito territorial do castelo do Zêzere, que os templários decidiram erguer o Castelo de Almourol. A ordem militar ficava, assim, na posse de um vastíssimo domínio, com uma implantação estratégica notável, que lhes permitia controlar os caminhos que se dirigiam de Leste para Santarém acompanhando a margem norte do Rio Tejo, uma vasta área do vale do Tejo e também a via que atravessava o Rio Tejo em Punhete, atual Constância, e se dirigia até Coimbra. Era, na época, uma das estradas medievais mais trilhadas. Todas estas circunstâncias davam sentido à localização e construção da nova estrutura militar. Figura 1. Vista do Castelo de Almourol. 7 Revitalização do Castelo de Almourol ______________________________________________________________________________ O castelo de Almourol terá sido erguido no local de um primitivo castro lusitano conquistado pelos romanos no séc. I a.C. e remodelado segundo a técnica castrense ocupado sucessivamente pelos Alanos, Visigodos e Mouros. Em escavações efetuadas no interior e exterior do castelo foram encontrados vários vestígios da presença romana (moedas, uma inscrição num cipo, e restos de alicerces em opus romano) e do período medieval (medalhas, 2 colunelos de mármore). A bibliografia consultada aponta para construções anteriores ao castelo de Almourol durante o século II a.C. Quando em 1129 as tropas portuguesas conquistaram este ponto estratégico do país, o Castelo já existia com a denominação Almorolan, sendo entregue aos templários quando da reconquista por D. -
View of the Atlantic Ocean and Each Place Will Surprise You with Its Own, Typical Atmosphere
Jinah Trans Lda Rua dos Carrascos 12 - 2500-642 Salir de Matos mail: [email protected] - tel:+351 916 791 327 (Jan) DAY TRIP SÍTIO, ALCOBAÇA AND BATALHA - PORTUGAL Type of travel: Day trips Number of days: 1 Guided historical-architectural excursion in Sítio, Alcobaça and Batalha Our day trip to Sítio, Alcobaça and Batalha, located on the Silver Coast in Portugal, is mainly intended for lovers of history and architecture. Of course, during this private tour with your partner, friends or family, we won’t deprive you of a panoramic view of the Atlantic Ocean and each place will surprise you with its own, typical atmosphere. Find out what you can discover and experience during this day tour! Accompanied, of course, by our expert, English-speaking guide. For a private tour from 1 to 7 participants: from € 28.15 per person. Programme g In the mornin Sítio da Nazaré: panoramic view and more We start our day tour in Sítio da Nazaré, a district of the fishing town of Nazaré in Portugal. Throughout the centuries, pilgrimages were organised to the Sítio from all corners of the world. Not just because this place offers a beautiful panoramic view of the Atlantic Ocean. It has everything to do with Nossa Senhora da Nazaré (Our Lady of Nazaré). The statue of Nossa Senhora da Nazaré is about 25 cm high and depicts the Virgin Mary breastfeeding the baby Jesus. The statue is painted in a dark colour and that is why it is nicknamed "the black Madonna". Feel free to ask our expert English-speaking guide to tell you the legend! Is there more to experience in the Sítio? In the Sítio, as we call it, you will find many stalls with goodies, all kinds of souvenirs and knitted, almost 100% woollen cardigans and sweaters of good quality at very favourable prices. -
Unforgettable
UNFORGETTABLE TOUR DAYS: 11 DAYS / 10 NIGHTS TOUR DATES: Departure Edmonton 27 Sept. - 2020 TOUR PRICES : Per person on a twin sharing basis C$3599 Single Supplement C$990 Contact: Diane Ellis P: 578 340-7794 President Elect [email protected] Saint City Rotary Club www.saintcityrotary.org TOUR PACKAGE INCLUDES : we will also have free time to taste the famous and delicious DAY 10 - 06 Oct: PINHAO - MATEUS - PORTO (B/L/-) TOUR LODGING INFO: 10 Nights Hotel • International flights from Edmonton “ovos moles”, a typical sweet made with eggs. Continue to Today, we will proceed exploring the best sites of the Douro Accommodation will be provided on a twin sharing basis • 10 nights’ accommodation at listed hotels or similar Porto. Valley. The sublime village of Pinhão will be waiting for us. We • Daily buet breakfast Overnight in Porto will have an overview of the village, where the bridge and the LOCATION NIGHTS SUPERIOR HOTELS • 02 lunches in local restaurant in Douro Region and Ponte De Lima Railway Station stand out. Here, we will enjoy a lovely small Lisbon 03 Nights Hotel Olissippo Marques de Sa • Deluxe tourism motorcoach for services as per your itinerary. DAY 07 - 03 Oct: Porto (B/-/-) cruise from Pinhão to Romaneira (and return to Pinhão). It’s a 1 • English speaking assist for Airport transfers Fatima 01 Night Hotel Santa Maria • English speaking throughout guide Departure: 09h00 a.m. During this morning, we will explore hour’ cruise, through inaccessible landscapes by car, and we Porto 02 Nights Hotel Holiday Inn Porto Gaia • Local City Taxes the emblematic city of Porto. -
Aceda Ao Livro Alcafozes
NOSSA SENHORA DO LORETO Padroeira Universal da Aviação A L C AFOZES N o s s a S e n h o ra do L ore t o Padroeira Universal da Aviação A L CAFOZES Este é um singelo contributo da APTCA e do SNPVAC, em representação dos Tripulantes de Cabine Portugueses, para as Festas de Nossa Senhora do Loreto, Padroeira Universal da Aviação em Alcafozes. O nosso agradecimento à comissão de festas e a toda a população do concelho de Idanha-a-Nova, que todos os anos nos acolhem com um enorme carinho e com a beleza da sua genuína simplicidade. 1 SINDICATO NACIONAL DE PESSOAL DA AVIAÇÃO CIVIL Tel: (+351) 218 424 000 [email protected] www.snpvac.pt Associação Portuguesa de Tripulantes de Cabine Tel: (+351) 218 452 020 Telm: (+351) 937 437 119 [email protected] www.aptca.pt 2 Í N DIC E Origem e história de Nossa Senhora do Loreto – Padroeira universal da Aviação 4 Nossa Senhora do Loreto em Alcafozes, Portugal 7 Missal 11 O concelho de Idanha-a-Nova 25 3 Origem e história de Nossa Senhora do Loreto Padroeira Universal da Aviação Basílica de Loreto em Itália Prece dos Aviadores Ó Maria, Rainha do Céu, gloriosa Padroeira da Aviação, ergue-se até vós a nossa súplica. Somos pilotos e aviadores do mundo inteiro; e, arrojados pelos caminhos do espaço, unindo em laços de soli dariedade as nações e os continentes, queremos ser instrumentos vigilantes e responsáveis da - tos perigos se expõe a nossa vida; velai por nós, Mãe piedosa, durante os nossos voos. -
(Multilingual Tour) Itinerary
Palace Tours 12000 Biscayne Blvd. #107 Miami FL 33181 USA 800-724-5120 / 786-408-0610 Call Us 1-800-724-5120 Porto and Lisbon from Madrid (Multilingual Tour) Get a taste of Portugal on this enchanting 5 day journey. The tour starts in Madrid and brings you over the border, touring the historical city of Trujillo on the way. You will have free time to explore the fascinating birthplaces of the explorers of the New World. Continue to Lisbon, where you spend a day exploring this glorious city. You will see Belem Tower, Jeronimos Monastery, the Coach Museum, and many other sites. Afterward, you will have free time to enjoy yourself. Then, you visit small towns and cities like Nazere, Alcobaça, and Óbidos. You will then travel to Fatima, the site of the apparition of the Virgin Mary. Your last city tour will be Caceres, before returning to Madrid. Highlights: Plaza Mayor in Trujillo Jeronimos Monastery Coach Museum Monument to the Discoverers Pousada do Castelo in Óbidos Tombs of Pablo and Inês de Castro Basilica and Cova da Iria in Fatima Itinerary Day 1 - Tuesday: Cross the border into Portugal Departure from bus terminal, located in the underground parking of the Plaza de Oriente at 08:30 a.m. Drive to Avila. A city that preserves its medieval wall. Short stop to know its walled and old town. Then to Salamanca. Free time in this University City Heritage of Humanity of great architectural and artistic wealth. Departure to the Portuguese border until you reach Porto. Accommodation and overnight in Porto. -
PORTUGAL - DOURO RIVER CRUISE Exploring Portugal (Lisbon to Porto) & Cruising the Douro River Wine Region April 19 – 30, 2020
PORTUGAL - DOURO RIVER CRUISE Exploring Portugal (Lisbon to Porto) & Cruising the Douro River Wine Region April 19 – 30, 2020 Lisbon, 3 days of guided tours and free time to explore the magnificent sites in and around Lisbon as well as the Portuguese Central Coast. Includes 3 nights in the Lisbon 4-Star “Hotel Mundial”, where we will celebrate our first night in Lisbon with a Welcome Dinner and cocktails. Porto / Douro River Cruise, Starting in Porto we will cruise for 8 days/7 nights aboard the MS Gil Eanes. Cruising the Douro River wine region, we will visit centuries old wineries, cathedrals, palaces and villages such as Regua, Ferradosa, Pinhao, Barca D’Alva, Vega De Teron, and Salamanca (SPAIN). An option of two multi-day excursion packages will be available to allow us to experience the people, culture & beauty of Portugal. TRIP DETAILS: TRIP COST: $3,760* (p/p; dbl. occupancy) 4 Payments of $940 / Due: Aug 1, Oct 1, Nov 1, Jan 1 • Luxury Charter Bus to/from Dulles *Single Supplement: Add $1,047 to Trip Cost • Direct Nonstop Flight from Dulles to Lisbon *Currently Airfare is estimated, final payment may be • 3 nights in Lisbon 4 -Star “Hotel Mundial” adjusted (includes daily breakfast) *Cost of Excursion Package not included (Add $330 to • First night Welcome Dinner and a second night Trip Cost). Fados’ Dinner in Lisbon (both include meal & drinks) Choose either the: Classic Excursion Package which involves coach & walking tours or the Discovery • Lunches with drinks included with Day 1 tour of Excursion Package which involves coach, -
Places of Prayer in the Monastery of Batalha Places of Prayer in the Monastery of Batalha 2 Places of Prayer in the Monastery of Batalha
PLACES OF PRAYER IN THE MONASTERY OF BATALHA PLACES OF PRAYER IN THE MONASTERY OF BATALHA 2 PLACES OF PRAYER IN THE MONASTERY OF BATALHA CONTENTS 5 Introduction 9 I. The old Convent of São Domingos da Batalha 9 I.1. The building and its grounds 17 I. 2. The keeping and marking of time 21 II. Cloistered life 21 II.1. The conventual community and daily life 23 II.2. Prayer and preaching: devotion and study in a male Dominican community 25 II.3. Liturgical chant 29 III. The first church: Santa Maria-a-Velha 33 IV. On the temple’s threshold: imagery of the sacred 37 V. Dominican devotion and spirituality 41 VI. The church 42 VI.1. The high chapel 46 VI.1.1. Wood carvings 49 VI.1.2. Sculptures 50 VI.2. The side chapels 54 VI.2.1. Wood carvings 56 VI.3. The altar of Jesus Abbreviations of the authors’ names 67 VII. The sacristy APA – Ana Paula Abrantes 68 VII.1. Wood carvings and furniture BFT – Begoña Farré Torras 71 VIII. The cloister, chapter, refectory, dormitories and the retreat at Várzea HN – Hermínio Nunes 77 IX. The Mass for the Dead MJPC – Maria João Pereira Coutinho MP – Milton Pacheco 79 IX.1. The Founder‘s Chapel PR – Pedro Redol 83 IX.2. Proceeds from the chapels and the administering of worship RQ – Rita Quina 87 X. Popular Devotion: St. Antão, the infante Fernando and King João II RS – Rita Seco 93 Catalogue SAG – Saul António Gomes SF – Sílvia Ferreira 143 Bibliography SRCV – Sandra Renata Carreira Vieira 149 Credits INTRODUCTION 5 INTRODUCTION The Monastery of Santa Maria da Vitória, a veritable opus maius in the dark years of the First Republic, and more precisely in 1921, of artistic patronage during the first generations of the Avis dynasty, made peace, through the transfer of the remains of the unknown deserved the constant praise it was afforded year after year, century soldiers killed in the Great War of 1914-1918 to its chapter room, after century, by the generations who built it and by those who with their history and homeland. -
In the Heart of Portugal
In the Heart of Portugal ABOUT In the Heart of Portugal Come and discover the “heart of Portugal” - following routes that we’ve prepared for you. Over the centuries, this zone - the cradle of Portuguese identity – has served as a vital cultural crossroads and the setting for key historical facts. We propose four itineraries, that include three of Portugal’s most important monuments classified as world Heritage sites by UNESCO – the Monastery of Alcobaça, The Convent of Christ and the Monastery of Batalha. Linked to key episodes in Portuguese history, these exquisite monuments combine various architectural styles. The oldest, the Monastery of Alcobaça was founded by Portugal’s first king, and pertained to the Order of Cistercians, which played an essential role in Portugal’s agricultural and cultural development. The Convent of Christ - where one still senses the mystique of the Knights Templar - is located next to the castle built in 1160 by the Military Order, that chose Tomar as the bastion for defence and expansion of the territory conquered from the Moors. The Monastery of Batalha - a masterpiece of late Gothic architecture - pays testimony to affirmation of Portuguese independence against the powerful Kingdom of Castille. But there’s far more to discover in this region. The “Treasure of the Templars” route is the ideal itinerary for those who enjoy chivalric romances. Starting in Tomar, a sacred geographical centre for the Knights Templar, this itinerary will introduce you to their symbols– in the Church of Santa Maria do Olival, where initiation ceremonies were held, or the Round Church of the Convent of Christ where the knights used to hear mass. -
The Monastery of Santa Maria Da Vitória Was Comissioned by King
Monastery of Santa Maria da Vitória – BATALHA The Monastery of Santa Maria da Vitória was comissioned by King John I following the vow made on 14 th August 1385 to Nossa Senhora (Our Lady), that a monastery would be built if the Portuguese army won the battle against the Castilian army. The battle, which took place that day in Aljubarrota, a bit to the south of Batalha led to the victory of the Portuguese King, who did not hesitate to stand by his promise. Thus, from the very beginning, the Monastery stood as a symbol of Portuguese independence, legitimating the Avis dynasty that King John I was initiating. The magnificence of the project, the novelty of the aesthetic solutions, the masters who were chosen reflect the importance this monastery had for its founder. The construction works began around 1386, and the most significant interventions extended till the first two decades of the 16,h Century, during the reign of King Manuel I. Meanwhile, in 1388, King John I had turned over the monastery to the Dominicans, who settled there till the extinction of ali religious orders in the 19th Century. A school of theological studies was founded here by the Dominicans who took advantage of the comfort of the facilities and their relative isolation and contributed to enhancing the Monastery's importance. The programme of the Monastery of Batalha was outlined and executed by the two first architects, the Portuguese Afonso Domingues and the Catalan (?) Huguet. The first must have been the most renowned Portuguese architect at the time for King John I to have assigned such an important project to him. -
Spain and Portugal Douro River Cruise Featuring 7 Nights Aboard the Douro Serenity
Exclusive Charter NO RISK DEPOSIT PASSENGER ASSURANCE PLAN Deposit by December 31, 2020 Risk Free until Final Payment Due Date! See inside for details** Senior Services of Central Illinois presents Spain and Portugal featuringDouro 7 nights aboardRiver the Douro Cruise Serenity 9 Days April 19 - April 27, 2021 Booking Discount - Save $200 per couple! Daily Itinerary Cities & Ports Spain & Portugal Douro River Cruise 9 Days April 19 - April 27, 2021 Ship - Douro Serenity Day 1 Depart US - Overnight Flight to Europe Day 2 Arrive Porto - Villa Nova de Gaia - Board Ship Arrive Porto - Meet your Tour & Cruise Manager Transfer to Downtown Porto or directly to the ship based on flight time Afternoon Check in - Ship Docked in the Porto Area (Villa Nova de Gaia) Board the MS Douro Serenity for your 7 Night Douro River Cruise Welcome Dinner Onboard Meals - D Overnight - Douro Serenity Day 3 Porto Morning - Porto City Tour Porto Afternoon - Ship sails from Vila Nova de Gaia to Entre-os-Rios Spreading along the banks of the Douro River, Porto’s history and development is Vintage Port Ceremony - Ship Overnights in Entre-os-Rios closely linked to this river. Enjoy a Porto City Tour through the old city and past Meals - B,L & D Overnight - Douro Serenity its typical houses and quarters. Proceed to Foz, an old fishermen village used by wealthy Porto families for their summer homes. See the newest part of the city, Day 4 Entre-os-Rios - Régua - Pinhão with its controversial Diamond building that houses the Casa da Musica, the city Morning - Cruising from Entre-os-Rios to Régua centre, the Clérigos tower and S.