Wapiti River Watershed Study

A Fisheries Management Enhancement Project Alberta Conservation Association

By Paul J. Hvenegaard

Northwest Boreal Region Peace River, Alberta March, 2001 Alberta Conservation Association Wapiti River Watershed Study

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This study was funded by Alberta’s anglers through the Fisheries Management Enhancement Program of the Alberta Conservation Association (ACA) and Alliance Pipeline Ltd. Messrs. Trevor Thera (ACA, Regional Programs Manager), Travis Ripley and David Walty (Alberta Environment) aided in the development of the project and critical review of this manuscript. The following individuals and their affiliation are recognised for many in-kind and logistical support items and services:

 Alberta Conservation Association staff members, Messrs., A. Wildeman, L. Osokin, J. Hallet

 Alliance Pipeline, Mr. Paul Anderson

 Alberta Environment: -Natural Resources Service, Fish & Wildlife Management Division, Mr. D. Schroeder

- Land and Forest Service, Regional Resource Mapping Unit, Ms. R. Sprado

 Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Mr. Earl Jessop

Year One 2000-2001 i DRAFT Progress Report Alberta Conservation Association Wapiti River Watershed Study

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... i

TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... ii

LIST OF TABLES ...... iii

LIST OF FIGURES ...... iv

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... v

1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 A. Wapiti River ...... 2 B. Redwillow River ...... 2 C. Beaverlodge River ...... 2 2.0 STUDY AREA ...... 3

3.0 METHODS ...... 4 3.1 Fish Trap ...... 4 3.2 Electrofishing ...... 5 3.3 Radio Telemetry ...... 6 3.4 Habitat Description ...... 7 3.5 Data Management ...... 7 4.0 RESULTS ...... 8 4.1 Redwillow River Fish Trap ...... 8 4.1.1 Arctic Grayling ...... 9 4.2 Radio Telemetry ...... 10 4.2.1 Redwillow River Arctic Grayling Spawning Movements ...... 10 4.2.2 Wapiti River Bull Trout Spawning Movements ...... 11 4.2.3 Bull Trout and Arctic Grayling Overwintering ...... 13 4.3 Electrofishing Surveys ...... 15 4.3.1 Tributary Sampling ...... 15 4.3.2 Wapiti River Sampling ...... 17 5.0 DISCUSSION ...... 25 5.1 Wapiti River ...... 25 5.2 Redwillow River ...... 25 5.3 Beaverlodge River ...... 26 6.0 LITERATURE CITED ...... 27

7.0 APPENDICES ...... 29 Appendix A: Redwillow Trap Daily Catch Records ...... 29 Appendix B: Redwillow River Fish Trap Fish Measurement Data ...... 30 Appendix C: Radio Transmittered Fish Data ...... 37

Year One 2000-2001 ii DRAFT Progress Report Alberta Conservation Association Wapiti River Watershed Study

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Fish species captured in the Redwillow River trap, 2000...... 8

Table 2. Mean length at age (mm) of Arctic grayling captured at the Redwillow Trap, 2000. (Data in parentheses denotes sample size) ...... 10

Table 3. Catch and effort summary for electrofishing surveys in the Redwillow and Beaverlodge watersheds...... 17

Table 4. Catch1and effort summary for electrofishing surveys in the mainstem Wapiti River...... 18

Table 5. Mean length at age (mm) of Arctic grayling and mountain whitefish captured during mainstem Wapiti River electrofishing surveys. (Data in parentheses denotes sample size)...... 19

Table 6. Habitat data on inventory sites in the Beaverlodge and Redwillow River watersheds May and June 2000...... 23

Year One 2000-2001 iii DRAFT Progress Report Alberta Conservation Association Wapiti River Watershed Study

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Wapiti River Watershed Study Area...... 3

Figure 2. Historical Wapiti River Discharge Records (1961-1998) and for the 2000 Study Year. Source: Environment Canada (2000) ...... 4

Figure 3. Location of fish trap in the Redwillow River, 2000...... 5

Figure 4. Species composition of fish captured at the Redwillow River fish trap during spring, 2000...... 8

Figure 5. Daily Arctic grayling catch and mean daily water temperature at the Redwillow River fish trap, spring 2000...... 9

Figure 6. Length frequency distribution of Arctic grayling captured at the Redwillow fish trap, spring 2000...... 10

Figure 7. Arctic grayling spawning locations in the Redwillow River, spring 2000...... 12

Figure 8. Bull trout spawning locations in the Narraway River, fall 2000...... 13

Figure 9. Bull trout overwintering locations in the mainstem Wapiti River, winter 2000- 2001...... 14

Figure 10. Arctic grayling overwintering locations in the mainstem Wapiti River winter 2000-2001...... 15

Figure 11. Inventory sites conducted during May and June 2000 in the Redwillow and Beaverlodge River watersheds...... 16

Figure 12. Electrofishing sample reaches on the mainstem Wapiti River 2000...... 18

Figure 13. Length frequency distribution of mountain whitefish captured during mainstem Wapiti River electrofishing surveys 2000...... 20

Figure 14. Length weight relationship of mountain whitefish captured during mainstem Wapiti River electrofishing surveys 2000...... 20

Figure 15. Length frequency distribution of Arctic grayling captured during mainstem Wapiti River electrofishing surveys 2000 ...... 21

Figure 16. Length weight relationship of Arctic grayling captured during mainstem Wapiti River electrofishing surveys 2000...... 21

Figure 17. Length frequency distribution of bull trout captured during mainstem Wapiti River electrofishing surveys 2000...... 22

Figure 18. Land ownership within the Redwillow River riparian area...... 24

Figure 19. Historical and current discharge data for the Beaverlodge River...... 26

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

During 2000 –2001, data on fish and fish habitat were collected on the Wapiti, Beaverlodge and Redwillow river to satisfy specific informational needs for each river. In the Wapiti River, radio transmittered bull trout selected areas in the upper Narraway River for spawning and overwintered in the general vicinity of the Narraway River mouth plus the effluent areas of the lower Wapiti River. Radio transmittered Arctic grayling overwintered in the mouth areas of 3 prominent creeks. Electrofishing surveys indicated that mountain whitefish, Arctic grayling and bull trout were the most abundant sportfish. Highest abundance of sportfish occurred in the upper reach of the Wapiti River. In the spring of 2000, more than 200 Arctic grayling were enumerated with a fish trap and fence constructed in the Redwillow River. A select sample was implanted with radio transmitters to facilitate movement monitoring. The upstream migration commenced in late April, peaked in early May and was complete by mid May. Spawning occurred in the upper reaches of the Redwillow River downstream of an impassable set of falls. By the end of May, most Arctic grayling had retreated to the Wapiti River. Numerous beaver dams in the Beaverlodge River prevented any migration of Arctic grayling. No Arctic grayling were captured throughout the Beaverlodge and Redwillow sub-basins and sportfish were extremely rare. All inventory sites in the Beaverlodge sub-basin were rated as having low potential for spawning and medium to low potential for rearing and overwintering respectively. The Redwillow River sub-basin was characterised by high quality habitat. Priority protection areas and suggestions for future inventory needs are provided.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

The Wapiti River Watershed has received considerable inventory effort however projects have been directed at specific issues and sub-basins (Lucko 1984 and 1993, Schroeder 1992, Schwanke et al. 1983 and Swanson 1993) and are limited in scope. The Northern River Ecosystem Initiative (NREI) and Environmental Effects Monitoring (EEM) have collected information on the river but the objectives have been in relation to effluent effects. No studies have been conducted to examine the watershed in its entirety.

A basin wide understanding of the fisheries resource in the Wapiti watershed is imperative to ensure the successful application of the Fish Conservation Strategy for Alberta (Alberta Environment 1998). The strategy to achieve this understanding was to initiate a basin wide inventory of fish species presence, distribution, abundance and movement patterns and relate these data to habitat information to develop fish conservation strategies.

The Beaverlodge River once supported a large Arctic grayling spawning run (Carl et al. 1993) which has been severely reduced Lucko (1995). Potential reasons for this reduced spawning run are cited as low flow conditions in recent years, extensive beaver activity and sewage effluent discharge from the town of Beaverlodge and Hythe (Lucko 1995). Sewage effluent from these towns has been remedied with agreements to ensure effluent discharge is confined to high flow events to reduce the impact of biological oxygen demand in the Beaverlodge River. Recently, concerns regarding downstream fish passage and riparian land use activities have been expressed by regional fisheries managers.

The Redwillow River is utilised by Arctic grayling for spawning and juvenile rearing (Lucko 1995). The precise location of spawning and rearing areas remain unknown. Conservation and protection of these fish production areas is critical for the maintenance of the Wapiti River Arctic grayling stocks (Alberta Environment 1998). In addition, the existence of an Arctic grayling stock resident to the Redwillow River remains undetermined.

A detailed ecosystem study was conducted in the Wapiti and Smoky rivers in 1991-1992 (Swanson 1993). The study area was confined to the lower portions of the river i.e., near Highway 40-bridge crossing, downstream and focussed on potential effect of effluents on the aquatic community. Sources of these effluents include Weyerhaeuser Canada Ltd. pulp fibre processing waste and the City of Grande Prairie sewage treatment discharge. Data collections upstream of these effluents were simply for “control” purposes.

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Sub-basins of the Wapiti River watershed (within the Weyerhaeuser Canada Forest Management Agreement Area) have received a general level of inventory effort via the Cooperative Fisheries Inventory Program (Hvenegaard 1998). Only 11 fish collections have been recorded in the Provincial Fisheries Management Information System (FMIS) upstream of Highway 40-bridge crossing and 75% (n=8) of these occurred prior to 1985.

During 2000-2001, funded by the Fisheries Management Enhancement Program of the Alberta Conservation Association (ACA) and Alliance Pipeline, a multi-year project was initiated to address specific informational needs. These were specific to the mainstem Wapiti River in addition to the Redwillow and Beaverlodge rivers. A data summary of the results of year one (2000-2001) is presented in this report. Objectives specific to year one were to:

A. Wapiti River 1. Determine the critical overwintering and spawning areas for bull trout and Arctic grayling within the watershed. 2. Define seasonal distributions and movement patterns of bull trout and Arctic grayling throughout the system. 3. Describe the longitudinal species assemblage for the system.

B. Redwillow River 1. Determine magnitude of Arctic grayling spawning run into the Redwillow River. 2. Determine critical spawning areas and movement patterns (timing) of Arctic grayling in the system. 3. Describe current riparian land-use within the Redwillow River and relate these data to movement patterns with focus on enhancement opportunities.

C. Beaverlodge River

1. Assess downstream fish passage over the Town of Beaverlodge water supply weir. 2. Assess suspected historic spawning and overwintering areas for grayling presence.

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2.0 STUDY AREA

The Wapiti River enters Alberta approximately 90 km SW of the city of Grande Prairie and flows in a northeasterly direction for 161 km to its confluence with the Smoky River due east of Grande Prairie (Figure 1). For purposes of discussion in this report, the Wapiti River and the Wapiti River Watershed refers to that portion that lies in Alberta.

Beaverlodge River

Beaverlodge

Grande River Smoky

Hwy 4 0 Prairie

Redwillow River

W a p i ti Ri v e r

Smoky River

0 15 30 kilometers

Narraway River Grande Prairie

Study Area

Edmonton

British Columbia Red Deer

Calgary

Medicine Hat Lethbridge Figure 1. Wapiti River Watershed Study Area.

The majority of the watershed lies in the boreal eco-region with the uppermost portions occurring in the foothills and to a lesser extent the rocky mountain eco-region. Average, maximum and minimum flows are presented in Figure 2.

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Based on 1980-1993 data, mean daily flows in the Wapiti River averaged 88 m3/s, with peak flows (297 m3/s) occurring in June during the mountain snow-pack melt and lowest flows (12 m3/s) occurring in February (Chambers and Mill 1996).

Figure 2. Historical Wapiti River Discharge Records (1961-1998) and for the 2000 Study Year. Source: Environment Canada (2000)

3.0 METHODS

Fish were captured with a trap and by electrofishing (boat, float and backpack). Fish trap data were used to first determine the existence of an Arctic grayling spawning run into the Redwillow River and define the timing and magnitude of the run. Electrofishing was used to describe presence and relative abundance of fish species in the Wapiti, Beaverlodge and Redwillow rivers. Radio telemetry provided data on Arctic grayling and bull trout spawning areas in the Redwillow River and Wapiti River respectively plus overwintering locations for both species. Fish habitat in the Beaverlodge and Redwillow rivers was described using methodologies outlined in Hvenegaard (1998).

3.1 Fish Trap

An enumeration trap and fence was constructed in the Redwillow River approximately 500 m downstream from the mouth of the Beaverlodge River and approximately 6 km upstream from its confluence with the Wapiti River (Figure 3).

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See Hvenegaard and Boag (1993) and Kristofferson et al. (1986) for a detailed description of the construction. The trap and fence were constructed of evenly spaced vertical 12.7 mm galvanised conduit pipe creating 12.7 mm gaps. The entrance to the trap was of a "V" notch design, which permitted entry to the trap throughout the water column. The trap was "fished" in a one-way fashion (only those fish travelling upstream were captured). Access to the trap was gained via All Terrain Vehicles on an existing pipeline right-of-way.

Redwillow River

Beaverlodge River

Wapiti River

0 1 2 trap_site kilometres

Figure 3. Location of fish trap in the Redwillow River, 2000.

3.2 Electrofishing

Stream surveys for presence and relative abundance of fish species in select tributaries in the Wapiti River Watershed were conducted with a Smith-Root XII backpack electrofisher. WorkingWapiti in an upstream fashion, River streams were typically fished with 80-120 Hz pulsed DC to achieve 0.35- 0.55 amperes. The minimum length of stream sampled was 200 m.

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The upper section of the Wapiti River was sampled with a customised float electrofishing system, which consisted of a Smith-RootTM pulsator mounted in a 4.3 m inflatable river raft. A horizontal plastic conduit pipe containing 1 m long cathode array was attached to each gunwale of the raft. Working in a downstream fashion, likely fish holding water was probed with a 3 m fibreglass pole fixed to a 355 mm diameter stainless steel anode ring.

Immobilised fish were retrieved and placed in an aerated fish tub contained in the raft. The electrofishing system was powered by a 5.0 kWh generator and operated at 60 pulses per second (PPS) DC and achieved an output power of 6.0 – 8.0 amperes.

The lower section of the Wapiti River was sampled with a Smith-RootTM 16-H electrofishing jetboat. The systems power source was the same as the raft but the hull functioned as the cathode while 2 anode arrays mounted off the bow completed the electrical circuit.

3.3 Radio Telemetry

High frequency radio transmitters, or tags, (Global Telemetry SystemsTM) were implanted surgically in adult bull trout and Arctic grayling using methods similar to those described by Bidgood (1980) and McKinley (1992). Minimum size limits were 400 and 350 mm fork length (FL) for bull trout and Arctic grayling respectively. Radio transmitters (149.000 - 149.999 MHz) had a guaranteed operational life of 3.1 years for bull trout and 300 days for Arctic grayling.

Relocation flights were conducted every 7 -10 days during the spring (2000) to determine Arctic grayling spawning locations in the Redwillow River monthly throughout the summer and weekly during the fall to determine bull trout spawning movement patterns and locations. Flights were conducted monthly throughout the winter to examine overwintering locations for both species.

Fish were located from the air using a four element “Yagi” directional antennae mounted on each side of the aircraft in conjunction with two LotekTM SRX_400 programmable scanning receivers. A fixed wing aircraft (Cessna Cardinal 177) was used for the majority of the flights. A rotary wing aircraft (Bell 206 Jet Ranger) was used on 3 occasions due to safety concerns (altitude and wind) as spawning bull trout selected areas in the western portion of the study area. With both types of aircraft, the flights were conducted 100 -150 m above the river at approximately 150 km/h.

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The point at which the signal strength was highest was deemed the location of each individual fish. Locational data were recorded with a GARMINTM 12 XL field global position system (GPS) receiver. With use of a Geographical Information System, these data were then transformed to river kilometres expressed as the distance upstream from the mouth in the watercourse that the fish were located.

3.4 Habitat Description

At fish inventory locations throughout the Redwillow and Beaverlodge river watersheds, fish habitat data were collected with methods described in Hvenegaard (1998). Measured habitat data included stream widths (wet and bankfull) and depths in addition to water temperature. At 5 transects spaced 50 m apart and perpendicular to the thalweg, the width of the wetted portion of the channel (wetted width) was measured (+/- 0.1 m). The bankfull width was defined as the width of the stream between woody vegetation on either bank. Stream depth was measured (+/- 0.01 m) at 3 intervals equally spaced (left, center and right) across each transect.

Estimated habitat parameters included substrate composition and bank stability. The percentage of each substrate type [fines (clay, sand and silt <2 mm), small gravel (2-16 mm), large gravel (17-64 mm), cobble (65-256 mm), boulder (>256 mm) and bedrock] was estimated at each of the 3 intervals along each transect. Bank stability was ranked on a scale from 1 (stable), 2 (slightly unstable), 3 (moderately unstable) and 4 (highly unstable).

A mark-recapture experiment was scheduled to examine downstream fish passage over the Beaverlodge River water supply weir but was terminated due to negligible stream flows.

3.5 Data Management

All captured sportfish were measured to the nearest millimetre (mm) at the fork (FL). Fish that received a radio tag implant, weight was measured with an electronic digital scale to the nearest gram (g). All sportfish >250 mm FL were fixed with an individually numbered FloyTM anchor tag and "adipose clipped" to identify them as fish previously captured.

All data collected were recorded on standardised field forms and later copied onto electronic spreadsheet (Microsoft EXCEL). All locational data were “corrected” spatially to reflect location on watercourse. Fish and fish habitat data were then uploaded in to the Fisheries Management Information System (FMIS) under project # 1639. All data analyses were performed with Microsoft EXCEL. Spatial data were analysed and presented with Microsoft MapInfo.

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4.0 RESULTS

4.1 Redwillow River Fish Trap

A fish trap and fence was used to assess the presence, magnitude and timing on an Arctic grayling spawning run into the Redwillow River. In addition, it functioned as a capture method to obtain biological data on fish species (with emphasis on Arctic grayling), and to select individuals suitable for radio tag implants.

The trap was installed on 20 April 2000 approximately 6 km upstream of the mouth and 500 m downstream of the mouth of the Beaverlodge River (Figure 3); Its operation was terminated 15 May 2000.

In total, 595 fish representing 9 species (6 sport and 3 non-sport) were captured at the trap (Appendix A, Table 1). Arctic grayling were the most abundant representing 36.5% of the catch (Figure 4). Sucker species comprised all of the non-sport catch.

Table 1. Fish species captured in the Redwillow River trap, 2000. Species Taxa Acronym1 Sportfish Arctic grayling Thymallus arcticus ARGR Bull trout Salvelinus confluentus BLTR Burbot Lota lota BURB Mountain whitefish Prosopium williamsoni MNWH Northern pike Esox lucius NRPK Walleye Stizostedion vitreum vitreum WALL Non-sportfish Largescale sucker Catostomus macrocheilus LRSC Longnose sucker C. catostomus LNSC White sucker C. commersoni WHSC 1 from McKay et al. 1990.

WALL NRPK WHSC 0.5% ARGR 3.5% 4.5% MNWH ARGR BLTR 36.5% 10.9% BURB LNSC LRSC 9.6% LRSC MNWH BLTR LNSC NRPK 5.7% 28.6% BURB WALL 0.2% WHSC

Figure 4. Species composition of fish captured at the Redwillow River fish trap during spring, 2000.

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4.1.1 Arctic Grayling

In total, 217 Arctic grayling were captured in the trap. They began to ascend the Redwillow River on 26 April; The run peaked by 4 May and diminished by mid-May (Figure 5). The timing of the run coincided with rising water temperatures and the peaked maximum movement occurred when the water reached 100C (Figure 5). Interestingly, the larger individuals, i.e., the average size of the daily catch occurred during the onset of the movement.

60 25

50 20

C) 40 0 15 30 10 20

n Arctic grayling nArctic

Temperature ( Temperature ARGR catch 5 10 Mean Temp

0 0

1-Jun 6-Jun

2-Apr 7-Apr

2-May 7-May

11-Jun 16-Jun 21-Jun 26-Jun

12-Apr 17-Apr 22-Apr 27-Apr

12-May 17-May 22-May 27-May Date Figure 5. Daily Arctic grayling catch and mean daily water temperature at the Redwillow River fish trap, spring 2000.

Size of Arctic grayling ranged from 267 to 406 mm FL, mean 330, SD 29 (sexes combined) (Figure 6) (Appendix B). The majority (67.7%, n=147) were in the 300 to 350 mm FL range (Figure 6). When a FL to Total Length conversion was applied (Sterling and Hunt 1989), 61.1% (n=132) met or exceeded the 35 cm size limit imposed on anglers (Alberta Environment 2000).

Eighty one percent of the catch (n=174) provided sex determination data. The sex ratio was exactly 1:1. Male Arctic grayling (Mean 337 mm FL) were significantly larger than females (Mean 320 mm FL) (t=1.97, p<0.05).

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30 25 Arctic grayling (n=217) 20

15 10

n Arctic grayling n 5 0

200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440 460 480 500 Fork Length Interval (mid-point) [mm]

Figure 6. Length frequency distribution of Arctic grayling captured at the Redwillow fish trap, spring 2000.

Mean lengths at age data are presented in Table 2. Female Arctic grayling (n=87) ranged from 4 to 10 years while males (n=87) ranged from 3 to 9 years (Table 2). Male Arctic grayling exhibited a higher growth rate than females.

Table 2. Mean length at age (mm) of Arctic grayling captured at the Redwillow Trap, 2000. (Data in parentheses denotes sample size) Age Sex 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Males (87) 298 (3) 300 (10) 328 (39) 358 (28) 374 (4) 378 (3) Females (87) 281 (4) 298 (17) 317 (46) 348 (15) 359 (3) 406 (1) Combined1 (214) 287 (8) 299 (34) 323 (100) 354 (52) 368 (14) 387 (5) 406 (1) 1 Includes individuals of undetermined sex

4.2 Radio Telemetry

Arctic grayling and Bull trout were implanted with high frequency transmitters to determine spawning locations. The focus of Arctic grayling spawning site determination was restricted to the Redwillow River while bull trout was more generalised due to the spatial deployment of the tags; the random deployment was throughout the Wapiti River mainstem.

4.2.1 Redwillow River Arctic Grayling Spawning Movements

In total, 15 mature adult Arctic grayling were implanted with radio tags as they passed through the Redwillow River trap. Three females and 12

Year One 2000-2001 10 DRAFT Progress Report Alberta Conservation Association Wapiti River Watershed Study males were implanted. Implants occurred on 2 May (n=11), 4 May (n=3) and 12 May (n=1) (Appendix C). All were released upstream of the fence to continue their upstream movement. This sample was subsequently reduced to 14 due to a transmitter failure. Of these 14, 3 made minimal upstream movements and retreated to the Wapiti River.

Six relocation flights were conducted during May-June throughout the Redwillow River to identify spawning locations of Arctic grayling. Two general spawning areas were identified. Both were in the upper reaches of the river (Figure 7). The primary site was located between km 54 and 62 while the other was located below the falls between km 70 and 74.

Arctic grayling reached their spawning areas by mid-may (Figure 7, Appendix C). Spawning was complete by the last week of May. Seven of the 11 (64%) that made spawning movements retreated to the Wapiti River by the end of May. Two of the remaining 4 also made extensive downstream movements at the same time but remained in the Redwillow River. The remaining 2 maintained presence at or near, the spawning location. These may have perished due to the rigors of the migration or the radio tag implant.

4.2.2 Wapiti River Bull Trout Spawning Movements

In total, 13 bull trout were implanted with radio tags (Appendix B). Four bull trout were implanted during early May as they passed through the Redwillow River fish trap. The remaining 9 were captured and implanted during Wapiti River electrofishing surveys on 9 and 10 August (n=7) and 12 October (n=2). These 2 individuals were in the post-spawn phase of their life history cycle (Hvenegaard and Fairless 1998). Therefore, the sample to determine bull trout spawning movements and location was 11.

Three relocation flights were conducted during the fall to determine bull trout spawning movements. Five individuals made obvious spawning movements. Coincidentally, all (n=4) bull trout implanted at the Redwillow River trap were part of this sample. All five fish moved to the upper reaches of the Narraway River (Figure 8) during this period. Spawning probably occurred near the BC-AB border as this maximum upstream movement coincided with spawning timing described for other local bull trout populations (Hvenegaard and Fairless 1998, Baxter 1996).

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Redwillow River

x

Legend May_9 0 2 .5 5 May_17  kilometers May_24

May_30

June_27

June_7

x redwillow_falls

trap_site General_Spawning_Location Wapiti River Figure 7. Arctic grayling spawning locations in the Redwillow River spring 2000.

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_149_857

_149_735 08/21/2000

_149_677 08/21/2000

09/06/2000 _149_637 Narraw ay River

_149_160

Narraw ay_Falls 09/06/2000

08/29/2000

British Columbia

09/06/2000 09/06/2000

08/29/2000

08/29/2000

08/29/2000 08/29/2000

09/06/2000

Figure 8. Bull trout spawning locations in the Narraway River, fall 2000.

4.2.3 Bull Trout and Arctic Grayling Overwintering

Of the 13 bull trout implanted with radio transmitters (Section 4.2.2), 12 provided data on overwintering locations. Two preferred locations for overwintering were identified. The more predominant site was near the Narraway River mouth (Figure 9) where 58.3% (n=7) of the sample remained for the winter months (January through March). One of these individuals (#149.160) remained in the Narraway River. The other site was located downstream of Highway 40 near 2 water treatment effluents (Figure 9) (Fraikin 2000). Three individuals remained in this area for the winter period. The upper site was characterised by abundant groundwater intrusion sites (springs) along the banks and open water sections. The lower site was characterised by open water year round; This is an effect of the warm water discharges from the water treatment processes. Two bull trout overwintered upstream of Highway 40. One of these two individuals was relocated in the effluent area on 14 November 2000.

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149.221 149.221 149.577 149.735 149.577 149.221

149.735 149.577 149.221

40  149.657 149.657 

149.281 149.857 149.657 Wapiti River Smoky River 149.316 149.196 149.316 149.657 149.196 149.196 149.316 BLTR_Jan_16 149.292 149.196 149.316 BLTR_Mar_7 149.637 149.677 149.637 BLTR_Feb_27 149.292 149.160 BLTR_Feb_13 Narraway River 0 10 149.292 20   Weyerhaeuser Mill Outfall 149.160 kilometres 149.292 149.160  Sew age Treatment Plant Outfall

Figure 9. Bull trout overwintering locations in the mainstem Wapiti River, winter 2000-2001.

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Arctic Grayling overwintering data were provided from a sample of 13 individuals. Generally, overwintering occurred in the mouth areas of the Narraway River (n=3), Redwillow River (n=5) and Nose Creek (n=3) (Figure 10). Two individuals (#149.091 and #149.460) overwintered in sections between the Narraway River and Nose Creek and Nose Creek the Redwillow River respectively (Figure 10).

149.067 Redwillow River 149.551

149.136 149.460 149.460 149.055 149.460 149.055

149.055 149.079 149.079 Wapiti River 149.112 149.055 149.340 149.112 149.340 149.340 149.091 149.091 149.340 149.352 149.352 149.340 149.388

149.352 149.388 149.388 149.352 149.388 ARGR_Nov_14 149.352 149.460 ARGR_Jan_16

ARGR_Feb_13

ARGR_Feb_27

ARGR_Mar_7 Narraway River Narraway

Figure 10. Arctic grayling overwintering locations in the mainstem Wapiti River winter 2000-2001.

4.3 Electrofishing Surveys

4.3.1 Tributary Sampling

Stream inventories were conducted during May and June to describe fish species presence, relative abundance and fish habitat. In total, 6 and 11 inventories were conducted in the Redwillow and Beaverlodge River watersheds respectively (Figure 11).

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Electrofishing effort expended totalled 7957 m (2599 s) and 14182 m (4569 s) in the Redwillow and Beaverlodge river watersheds respectively (Table 3).

Inventory_Site

29,442

29,453

29,436 Beaverlodge River

29,435

29,449 29,437

Hume

Cr

Steeprock 29,440 29,438 29,450 29,441 29,451

Cr Creek Cr Barr 29,433

Graham 29,432

Windsor 29,446

29,434 Redwillow River 29,444 29,443 29,429

29,431 29,445 29,430

0 5 10  kilometres

Wapiti River

Figure 11. Inventory sites conducted during May and June 2000 in the Redwillow and Beaverlodge River watersheds.

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Nine fish species were represented. No Arctic grayling were captured in either watershed. Burbot and northern pike were the only sportfish represented but were only incidental (one of each species); both of these occurred in the Redwillow River watershed. In the Redwillow River watershed, lake chub (Couesius plumbeus) and longnose dace (Rhinichthys cataractae) were the predominant species comprising 51.5% (n=100) and 35.7% (n=95) of the total catch respectively (Table 3). Lake chub also dominated (77.1%, n=37) the total catch in the Beaverlodge River watershed. Fish were captured in the majority (4 of 6) of the sites in the Redwillow River watershed. Conversely, 72.3% (n=8) of the sites sampled in the Beaverlodge River watershed were void of fish.

Table 3. Catch and effort summary for electrofishing surveys in the Redwillow and Beaverlodge watersheds. Species 1 Time Distance Project Fished Fished Sub-basin Location Id (s) (m) Activity Date NRPK BURB BRST LKCH LNDC LNSC SLSC TRPR WHSC Total Redwillow 29430 901 350 9-May-00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Redwillow 29431 661 258 9-May-00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Redwillow 29434 1188 224 31-May-00 0 0 0 15 20 0 25 10 2 72 Redwillow 29443 1165 400 8-Jun-00 1 0 0 5 0 4 4 0 2 16 Redwillow 29444 960 328 27-Jun-00 0 0 0 25 0 1 0 0 0 26 Redwillow 29445 1350 410 28-Jun-00 0 1 0 55 75 10 8 3 0 152 Sub-basin Total 6225 1970 1 1 0 100 95 15 37 13 4 266 Beaverlodge 29429 1350 500 4-May-00 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 Beaverlodge 29432 224 150 11-May-00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Beaverlodge 29433 573 220 11-May-00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Beaverlodge 29435 1100 283 31-May-00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Beaverlodge 29436 203 96 1-Jun-00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Beaverlodge 29437 209 65 1-Jun-00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Beaverlodge 29438 827 375 5-Jun-00 0 0 0 35 0 0 0 0 5 40 Beaverlodge 29440 466 180 6-Jun-00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Beaverlodge 29441 1020 210 6-Jun-00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Beaverlodge 29453 1600 400 6-Jun-00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Beaverlodge 29442 385 120 7-Jun-00 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Sub-basin Total 7957 2599 0 0 6 37 0 0 0 0 5 48 Grand Total 14182 4569 1 1 6 137 95 15 37 13 9 314 1 From McKay et al. 1990.

4.3.2 Wapiti River Sampling

In total, 1448 fish, representing 11 species, were captured during Wapiti River mainstem electrofishing surveys (Table 4). Collectively, the 3 delineated reaches (Figure 12) received 48695 s and 95457 m of electrofishing effort (Table 4).

The upper reach catch was dominated (90.0%, n=897) by sportfish. This sportfish catch was comprised mainly of mountain whitefish (67.3%, n=604), Arctic grayling (27.0%, n=242) and bull trout (5.1%, n=46). Longnose suckers accounted for 91.0% (n=91) of the non-sportfish catch.

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The middle reach catch was comprised relatively evenly between sportfish (55.7%, n=122) and non-sportfish (44.3%, n=97). Mountain whitefish (59.8%, n=73) and Arctic grayling (30.3%, n=37) continued to dominate the sportfish catch. Longnose (n=61) and largescale suckers (n=36) accounted for all (100.0%) of the non-sportfish catch (n=97).

Beaverlodge River

Redwillow River

Wapiti River Smoky River

British Columbia

upper_reach

middle_reach

Narraway Riv er low er_reach Figure 12. Electrofishing sample reaches on the mainstem Wapiti River 2000.

Table 4. Catch1and effort summary for electrofishing surveys in the mainstem Wapiti River. Effort Sportfish Species2 Non-sportfish Species2 Reach Time Distance Reach Length Fished Fished ARGR BLTR BURB MNWH NRPK WALL LNDC LNSC LRSC SLSC WHSC (km) (s) (m) Upper 34.7 21936 39803 242 46 1 604 1 3 6 91 2 1 0 Middle 35.9 14705 35973 37 8 0 73 2 2 0 61 36 0 0 Lower 39.0 12054 19681 1 4 1 87 2 4 0 85 20 0 28 Total 48695 95457 280 58 2 764 5 9 6 237 58 1 28 1 Includes Individuals Observed and Speciated 2 From McKay et al. 1990

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The lower reach catch continued to be evenly distributed between sportfish (42.7%, n=99) and non-sportfish (57.3%, n=133). Mountain whitefish accounted for 89.9% (n=99) of the sportfish catch. Longnose suckers dominated (63.9%, n=85) the non-sportfish catch. Largescale and white suckers comprised the remainder (36.6%) of the non-sportfish catch.

Non lethal life history data including length, weight and age were collected from the most abundant sportfish species (mountain whitefish, Arctic grayling and bull trout). Length frequency and growth data for mountain whitefish and Arctic grayling are summarised and presented in Table 5 and Figures 13 through 16.

Mountain whitefish age ranged from 2 to 13 years while Arctic grayling ranged from 2 to 8 years (Table 5). Mountain whitefish length ranged from 51 to 505 mm FL (mean 225  9, n=435). Arctic grayling length ranged from 116 to 391 mm FL (mean 284  8, n=202). Application of FL to TL conversion (Sterling and Hunt 1989) indicates that 34.2% (n=69) of the Arctic grayling sample met or exceeded the legal size limit of 350 mm FL (Alberta Environment 2000).

Table 5. Mean length at age (mm) of Arctic grayling and mountain whitefish captured during mainstem Wapiti River electrofishing surveys. (Data in parentheses denotes sample size) Age Species 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 113 158 185 233 272 320 350 380 428 446 505 Mountain Whitefish (146) (18) (17) (17) (25) (19) (15) (15) (8) (8) (3) (1) 139 183 227 294 315 349 369 Arctic Grayling (106) (2) (13) (15) (16) (32) (22) (6)

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Figure 13. Length frequency distribution of mountain whitefish captured during mainstem Wapiti River electrofishing surveys 2000.

Figure 14. Length weight relationship of mountain whitefish captured during mainstem Wapiti River electrofishing surveys 2000.

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Figure 15. Length frequency distribution of Arctic grayling captured during mainstem Wapiti River electrofishing surveys 2000

Figure 16. Length weight relationship of Arctic grayling captured during mainstem Wapiti River electrofishing surveys 2000.

Bull trout ranged from 148 to 637 mm FL (mean 366.7  25.1, n=51) (Figure 17). Thirty-one percent (n=16) of the sample would be considered as adults (Hvenegaard and Fairless 1998).

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8 bull trout (n=51) 7

6

5

4

n bull trout bull n 3

2

1

0

100 140 180 220 260 300 340 380 420 460 500 540 580 620 660 700 Fork Length Interval (mid-point) [mm]

Figure 17. Length frequency distribution of bull trout captured during mainstem Wapiti River electrofishing surveys 2000.

4.4 Habitat Surveys

In total, 6 and 15 fish habitat inventories were conducted in the Redwillow and Beaverlodge river watersheds respectively (Figure 11). Only a single site (FMIS Location ID #29431) in the Redwillow watershed was rated as low potential for providing suitable spawning habitat (Table 6). The high component of fine substrate at this site is indicative of this poor habitat rating. This same site also afforded minimal potential for overwintering. The remaining 5 sites were rated as medium to high for spawning, rearing and overwintering.

Substrate composition in sites sampled in the Beaverlodge watershed were dominated by fine materials (66.7%, n=10) (Table 6). All sites were rated as having low spawning potential. Potential for rearing and overwintering in all sites rated as low to medium with the exception of a single site rated as high potential for overwintering; this site was located within a beaver dam complex. Aerial reconnaissance of the Beaverlodge River revealed in excess of 50 beaver dams present between the weir on the mouth preventing access to reaches of the river where spawning historically occurred. Riparian landuse assessment (¼ section level of resolution) on a ½ mile buffer around the Redwillow River watercourse revealed that 37.4, 13.7 and 48.9% of this riparian landbase was titled as crown, mixed (crown and freehold) and freehold respectively (Figure 18). The majority of crown land is leased out to local livestock operators as grazing leases.

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Table 6. Habitat data on inventory sites in the Beaverlodge and Redwillow River watersheds May and June 2000. Stream Substrate Composition (%) Bank Stability Habitat Rating Width (m)

2 Mean 1 Depth Water Sub-basin Waterbody Name Location ID Survey Date (m) Rooted Wetted fines gravel small gravel large cobble boulder bedrock LUB RUB Temp (0C) Spawning Rearing Overwintering Beaverlodge Beaverlodge River 29429 4-May-00 0.4 22.6 8.9 11.7 8.3 11.3 49.7 19.0 0.0 3.5 1.3 10.5 L M M Beaverlodge Windsor Creek 29432 11-May-00 0.2 5.4 4.1 100 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.5 1.7 9.5 L M L Beaverlodge Beavertail Creek 29433 11-May-00 0.1 6.4 2.2 12.0 20.0 34.0 27.3 6.7 0.0 1.7 1.3 10.0 L M L Beaverlodge Hume Creek 29449 11-May-00 0.3 5.4 4.1 95.6 2.2 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 9.5 L L L Beaverlodge Windsor Creek 29450 11-May-00 1.0 5.0 5.0 100 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 10.0 L M L Beaverlodge Graham Creek 29451 11-May-00 1.1 7.5 7.5 100 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 10.0 L M L Beaverlodge Steeprock Creek 29435 31-May-00 0.1 8.4 3.1 29.7 30.0 29.3 10.3 0.7 0.0 2.7 3.0 10.0 L M L Beaverlodge Steeprock Creek 29436 1-Jun-00 0.7 8.9 8.9 82.8 2.8 5.0 5.0 4.4 0.0 1.0 1.0 16.0 L L L Beaverlodge Steeprock Creek 29437 1-Jun-00 0.3 14.9 11.3 76.1 7.8 6.1 7.8 2.2 0.0 1.0 2.3 14.0 L L L Beaverlodge Beaverlodge River 29438 5-Jun-00 0.4 18.4 9.5 25.0 17.7 19.7 26.7 11.0 0.0 2.2 2.0 18.0 L M M Beaverlodge Unnamed 29440 6-Jun-00 0.1 3.1 1.2 77.9 12.1 6.3 3.8 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.3 NA L L L Beaverlodge Beavertail Creek 29441 6-Jun-00 0.3 7.9 6.6 24.6 21.3 25.0 22.5 6.7 0.0 1.0 1.0 18.0 L L L Beaverlodge Beaverlodge River 29446 6-Jun-00 1.6 22.3 19.1 100 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 2.0 17.0 L M H Beaverlodge Beaverlodge River 29453 6-Jun-00 0.6 17.9 15.2 57.3 10.3 12.3 14.3 5.3 0.0 1.0 1.5 20.0 L M M Beaverlodge Beaverlodge River 29442 7-Jun-00 0.3 4.0 3.2 95.4 3.8 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.0 1.0 1.3 18.0 L L L Redwillow Lattice Creek 29430 9-May-00 0.1 6.5 3.6 6.3 16.0 22.3 37.0 18.3 0.0 1.8 1.7 9.0 H H L Redwillow Diamond Dick Creek 29431 9-May-00 0.5 10.1 5.3 54.7 13.3 12.0 14.0 6.0 0.0 2.7 2.7 9.5 L M L Redwillow Redwillow River 29434 31-May-00 0.4 41.5 26.0 12.7 17.0 19.7 42.3 8.3 0.0 2.7 2.7 NA M H H Redwillow Redwillow River 29443 8-Jun-00 0.5 31.2 20.4 10.0 15.0 15.0 35.0 25.0 0.0 1.7 1.2 14.5 M H H Redwillow Redwillow River 29444 27-Jun-00 0.5 32.4 24.5 46.0 7.3 10.0 12.3 11.0 13.3 3.0 0.8 23.0 M H M Redwillow Redwillow River 29445 28-Jun-00 0.4 46.6 29.5 5.0 11.7 28.7 37.3 14.0 3.3 2.2 1.7 20.0 M H H 1 Left Upstream Bank (the left bank when facing upstream) 2 Right Upstream Bank (the right bank when facing upstream)

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Redwillow River

0 5 10  kilometres

RW_Mixed

RW_Freehold

RW_Crow n

Active_Grazing general_spaw ning_location Wapiti River

Figure 18. Land ownership within the Redwillow River riparian area

.

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5.0 DISCUSSION

5.1 Wapiti River

The upper reach of the Wapiti River contains the highest abundance of sportfish throughout its length. It also provides overwintering habitat for bull trout and to some extent, Arctic grayling. The upper Narraway River (tributary to the upper reach of the Wapiti River) appears to be critical for spawning bull trout.

Fish movements in the upper Wapiti River are obviously not confined to that portion within Alberta. Further movement monitoring studies are required to determine the degree of movement between Provinces.

Arctic grayling spawning locations in the Wapiti River watershed were not determined (with the exception of the Redwillow River). The sample for radio transmittered Arctic grayling must be increased and more randomly deployed throughout the spatial plane of the Wapiti River mainstem. A mechanism to monitor movement into British Columbia must be considered.

The general spawning location of bull trout was located in the upper reaches of the Narraway River. This area (s) must be ground-truthed and inventoried for young-of-the-year bull trout presence to confirm these data. In addition, the habitat of these spawning locations should be characterised. As with Arctic grayling, the sample size of radio transmittered bull trout should be increased and movement into British Columbia must be considered.

5.2 Redwillow River

The Redwillow River Arctic grayling stock persists. The run commenced during late April and concluded near the end of May. Spawning occurs in the upper reaches of the river during mid May. Protection of this stock is imperative to maintain itself but also provide a source for natural re- colonisation of the Beaverlodge River system. To ensure this protection, confirmation of these spawning areas is required. This confirmation should consist of sampling during mid to late May to facilitate the capture of both adult and young-of-the-year Arctic grayling.

In conjunction with this ground truthing exercise, an examination of habitat must be conducted to characterise preferred Arctic grayling habitat. These data will aid in determining specific habitats or anthropogenic landuse disturbances limiting fish production. This will permit the physical enhancement or remediation of degraded habitat.

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5.3 Beaverlodge River

In the spring of 2000, upstream fish passage was prevented due to numerous impassable beaver dams downstream of the Town of Beaverlodge water supply weir. The persistence of these dams was due in part to low discharges in the spring (Figure 18). The absence of an upstream spring migration prevented the examination of downstream fish passage of the weir. Given the mean discharge for May 2000 was 0.011 m3/s (Environment Canada 2000), successful navigation downstream over the weir was however doubtful.

In recent years, the once plentiful Arctic grayling run has diminished to the point where none have been reported in the last 3 years (Travis Ripley pers. comm.). Further investigations into the cause of this are warranted. The examination of downstream fish passage of the weir must be conducted to either eliminate the weir, as a potential cause for this perceived stock extirpation or, provide evidence of its negative impact and demand remediation.

Historical stream flow data are available, as are historical censuses of Arctic grayling spawning runs. A data set should be assembled to analyse relationships between run magnitude and temporal discharge patterns. Also, the role of discharge at the weir to permit post spawn adult Arctic grayling to successfully emigrate downstream in late spring and juvenile Arctic grayling during late summer at age 2 must be examined.

Figure 19. Historical and current discharge data for the Beaverlodge River.

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6.0 LITERATURE CITED

Alberta Environment, 1998. A Fish conservation Strategy for Alberta. Pub. No. I/698, ISBN: 0-1185-0148-5

Alberta Environment, 2000. Alberta Guide to Sportfishing Regulations

Baxter, J.S. 1995. Chowade River bull trout studies 1995: habitat and population assessment. Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia. 30 pp. + APP.

Bidgood, B. 1980. Field surgical procedure for implantation of radio tags in fish. Alberta Fish and Wildlife Division. Fisheries Research Report No. 20. Edmonton, Alberta. 9 pp.

Carl, L., D. Walty and D.M. Rimmer. 1992. Demography of spawning grayling (Thymallus arcticus) in the Beaverlodge River, Alberta. Hydrobiologia. 243/244: 237-247. Belgium.

Chambers, P.A. and T. Mill. 1996. Northern River Basin Study Synthesis Report No. 5, Dissolved oxygen conditions and fish requirements in the Peace, Athabasca and Slave Rivers: assessment of present conditions and future trends. Northern River Basin Study, Edmonton, Alberta.

Environment Canada. 2000. Hydat CD-ROM Ver. 3.0. Surface Water Data Environment Canada. Water Resources Branch, Ottawa.

Fraikin, C.G.J., D.A. Steel, C. Briggs and Z.E. Kovats. 1998. Environmental Effects Monitoring Cycle 2. Report prepared for Weyerhaeuser Canada Ltd., Grande Prairie, AB, by Golder Associates Ltd., Calgary, AB.

Hvenegaard, P.J. and D. Fairless. 1998. Biology and Status of Bull Trout (Salvelinus confluentus) in the Kakwa River Drainage, Alberta. Alberta Conservation Association, Peace River, AB. 26 pp. + App.

Hvenegaard, P.J. 1998. Cooperative fisheries inventory program. Final Report. Tech. Rep. Prep. for the Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans, Canadian Forest Products Ltd., Weyerhaeuser Can. Ltd., Daishowa Marubeni International, Manning Diversified Forest Products Ltd. and Ainsworth Lumber Co. by Alberta Conservation Association, Peace River, AB. 22 pp. + App

Year One 2000-2001 27 DRAFT Progress Report Alberta Conservation Association Wapiti River Watershed Study

Hvenegaard, P.J. and T.D. Boag. 1993. A spawning survey of rainbow trout in Jumpingpound Creek. Prep. for Trout Unlimited Canada by D.A. Westworth and Associates. 19 pp. + App

Kristofferson, W.C., D.K. McGowan, and W.J. Ward. 1986. Fish weirs for the commercial harvest of searun Arctic charr. Can. Ind. Rep. Aquat. Sci. 174. 31 pp.

Lucko, B. 1995. Assessment of the Beaverlodge and Redwillow Rivers Spawning Run Spring, 1994. Peace River, Alberta: Alberta Environmental Protection, Natural Resources Service.

Mackay, W.C., G.R. Ash, and H.J. Norris. 1990. Fish ageing methods for Alberta. Prep. by R.L.&L. Environmental Services Ltd. in assoc. with Alberta Fish and Wild. Div. and Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton. 113 pp. McKinley, R.S., G. Power, and H.E. Kowalyk. 1992. Transmitter attachment/implant – labrortory manual. Ontario Hydro Research and University of Waterloo, Biology Department.

Schroeder, Don. 1992. A summary of Fish Captured at the Beaverlodge River Weir during the Spring of 1992.

Schwanke, Thomas; Clermont, Tim, and Schroeder, D. G. 1983. Assessment of Beaverlodge Fishway During the 1983 Spring Spawning Migrations.

Sterling, G. L. and C. Hunt. 1989. Preliminary survey of Arctic grayling movements, age and growth in the Little Smoky River, Alberta, 1987-88. Alberta Forestry, Lands and Wildlife, Fish and Wildlife Division. 299 pp.

Swanson, S. M. 1993. Wapiti/Smoky River Ecosystem Study. Sentar Consultants Ltd.

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7.0 APPENDICES

Appendix A: Redwillow Trap Daily Catch Records

Activity Date ARGR BLTR BURB LNSC LRSC MNWH NRPK WALL WHSC SUM 21-Apr-00 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 3 22-Apr-00 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 3 23-Apr-00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24-Apr-00 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 25-Apr-00 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 4 26-Apr-00 2 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 7 27-Apr-00 3 1 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 7 28-Apr-00 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 2 29-Apr-00 6 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 3 12 30-Apr-00 5 0 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 9 1-May-00 13 2 0 13 0 1 0 0 0 29 2-May-00 28 3 0 8 0 2 2 0 2 45 3-May-00 34 5 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 42 4-May-00 52 8 0 28 0 15 2 0 2 107 5-May-00 22 1 0 0 0 4 2 1 0 30 6-May-00 17 3 0 19 13 2 1 2 0 57 7-May-00 11 2 0 44 0 2 3 0 6 68 8-May-00 5 0 0 19 0 1 4 0 13 42 9-May-00 5 0 0 24 14 2 1 0 0 46 10-May-00 0 1 0 0 9 0 0 0 1 11 11-May-00 1 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 4 12-May-00 4 1 0 0 3 0 1 0 0 9 13-May-00 5 4 1 8 10 2 0 0 0 30 14-May-00 4 2 0 0 6 7 0 0 0 19 15-May-00 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 4 SUM 217 34 1 170 57 65 21 3 27 595

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Appendix B: Redwillow River Fish Trap Fish Measurement Data

No. Date AEP Code Fork Length Weight Sex Age 1 21-Apr-00 MNWH 232 2 21-Apr-00 MNWH 334 3 21-Apr-00 MNWH 263 4 22-Apr-00 MNWH 305 5 22-Apr-00 MNWH 356 6 24-Apr-00 MNWH 294 7 24-Apr-00 MNWH 303 8 24-Apr-00 MNWH 332 9 24-Apr-00 MNWH 306 10 24-Apr-00 MNWH 256 11 25-Apr-00 NRPK 448 12 25-Apr-00 MNWH 316 13 25-Apr-00 NRPK 462 14 25-Apr-00 BLTR 525 15 26-Apr-00 ARGR 400 U 9 16 26-Apr-00 MNWH 302 17 26-Apr-00 MNWH 358 18 26-Apr-00 MNWH 336 19 26-Apr-00 ARGR 393 U 8 20 26-Apr-00 MNWH 337 21 26-Apr-00 MNWH 346 22 27-Apr-00 ARGR 361 U 8 23 27-Apr-00 ARGR 385 M 9 24 27-Apr-00 MNWH 401 25 27-Apr-00 LNSC 442 26 27-Apr-00 BLTR 563 27 27-Apr-00 ARGR 363 M 6 28 27-Apr-00 MNWH 334 29 28-Apr-00 LNSC 375 30 28-Apr-00 NRPK 561 31 29-Apr-00 ARGR 308 U 5 32 29-Apr-00 MNWH 312 33 29-Apr-00 LNSC 448 34 29-Apr-00 WHSC 498 35 29-Apr-00 WHSC 543 36 29-Apr-00 ARGR 367 U 8 37 29-Apr-00 ARGR 338 U 6 38 29-Apr-00 ARGR 337 U 7 39 29-Apr-00 ARGR 347 U 7 40 29-Apr-00 ARGR 383 U 8 41 29-Apr-00 LNSC 420 42 29-Apr-00 WHSC 530 43 30-Apr-00 LNSC 367 44 30-Apr-00 ARGR 366 U 6 45 30-Apr-00 ARGR 316 U 6 46 30-Apr-00 ARGR 338 U 47 30-Apr-00 LNSC 410 48 30-Apr-00 LNSC 353 49 30-Apr-00 ARGR 315 U 6 50 30-Apr-00 ARGR 313 U 6 51 30-Apr-00 MNWH 404 52 1-May-00 LNSC 403 53 1-May-00 LNSC 381 54 1-May-00 LNSC 351 55 1-May-00 LNSC 385 56 1-May-00 ARGR 358 U 8 57 1-May-00 ARGR 349 U 8 58 1-May-00 ARGR 399 U 9 59 1-May-00 LNSC 444 60 1-May-00 LNSC 419

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61 1-May-00 ARGR 321 U 6 62 1-May-00 BLTR 585 63 1-May-00 LNSC 438 64 1-May-00 LNSC 346 65 1-May-00 LNSC 395 66 1-May-00 LNSC 393 67 1-May-00 ARGR 350 U 7 68 1-May-00 ARGR 332 U 6 69 1-May-00 ARGR 353 U 6 70 1-May-00 ARGR 337 M 7 71 1-May-00 ARGR 379 M 7 72 1-May-00 LNSC 430 73 1-May-00 LNSC 347 74 1-May-00 ARGR 368 U 8 75 1-May-00 MNWH 323 76 1-May-00 LNSC 421 77 1-May-00 ARGR 366 U 7 78 1-May-00 ARGR 374 U 7 79 1-May-00 ARGR 325 U 7 80 1-May-00 BLTR 515 81 2-May-00 MNWH 381 82 2-May-00 ARGR 312 F 6 83 2-May-00 ARGR 320 M 6 84 2-May-00 ARGR 314 F 6 85 2-May-00 ARGR 310 F 6 86 2-May-00 ARGR 281 F 6 87 2-May-00 ARGR 365 M 7 88 2-May-00 ARGR 318 F 6 89 2-May-00 ARGR 321 M 6 90 2-May-00 ARGR 377 668 M 9 91 2-May-00 ARGR 373 590 M 9 92 2-May-00 ARGR 392 654 M 8 93 2-May-00 ARGR 356 F 8 94 2-May-00 ARGR 342 F 7 95 2-May-00 ARGR 317 F 6 96 2-May-00 ARGR 365 627 M 8 97 2-May-00 ARGR 355 F 7 98 2-May-00 ARGR 337 M 6 99 2-May-00 ARGR 395 677 M 8 100 2-May-00 ARGR 342 F 101 2-May-00 ARGR 311 F 102 2-May-00 ARGR 323 F 6 103 2-May-00 ARGR 316 U 6 104 2-May-00 MNWH 320 105 2-May-00 ARGR 352 M 6 106 2-May-00 ARGR 365 F 7 107 2-May-00 BLTR 382 108 2-May-00 ARGR 362 M 7 109 2-May-00 ARGR 332 M 6 110 2-May-00 ARGR 324 U 6 111 2-May-00 ARGR 317 M 6 112 2-May-00 BLTR 413 113 2-May-00 NRPK 462 M 114 2-May-00 BLTR 601 115 2-May-00 NRPK 621 116 3-May-00 ARGR 324 F 6 117 3-May-00 MNWH 279 5 118 3-May-00 ARGR 340 U 6 119 3-May-00 ARGR 298 F 6 120 3-May-00 ARGR 326 M 6 121 3-May-00 ARGR 349 F 6 122 3-May-00 ARGR 304 M 6 123 3-May-00 ARGR 295 U 5 124 3-May-00 BLTR 396

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125 3-May-00 BLTR 501 126 3-May-00 ARGR 324 F 6 127 3-May-00 ARGR 336 M 6 128 3-May-00 ARGR 296 F 5 129 3-May-00 ARGR 332 M 6 130 3-May-00 ARGR 340 F 6 131 3-May-00 ARGR 364 M 7 132 3-May-00 ARGR 376 M 7 133 3-May-00 ARGR 362 536 M 7 134 3-May-00 ARGR 333 F 6 135 3-May-00 ARGR 349 560 F 7 136 3-May-00 ARGR 368 620 F 8 137 3-May-00 ARGR 367 573 M 7 138 3-May-00 BLTR 646 2669 139 3-May-00 BLTR 642 2420 140 3-May-00 ARGR 366 M 7 141 3-May-00 ARGR 374 625 M 7 142 3-May-00 ARGR 313 F 6 143 3-May-00 ARGR 350 M 7 144 3-May-00 ARGR 314 F 6 145 3-May-00 MNWH 271 146 3-May-00 ARGR 267 U 5 147 3-May-00 ARGR 362 590 F 7 148 3-May-00 ARGR 285 U 4 149 3-May-00 BLTR 374 150 3-May-00 ARGR 300 M 5 151 3-May-00 ARGR 342 U 6 152 3-May-00 ARGR 320 M 6 153 3-May-00 ARGR 290 M 4 154 3-May-00 ARGR 309 F 6 155 3-May-00 ARGR 325 F 6 156 3-May-00 ARGR 318 U 6 157 3-May-00 NRPK 405 F 158 4-May-00 ARGR 301 F 6 159 4-May-00 ARGR 349 M 7 160 4-May-00 ARGR 357 F 7 161 4-May-00 ARGR 346 F 6 162 4-May-00 ARGR 304 M 6 163 4-May-00 BLTR 401 164 4-May-00 BLTR 432 165 4-May-00 BLTR 400 166 4-May-00 BLTR 490 167 4-May-00 ARGR 307 F 6 168 4-May-00 BLTR 558 169 4-May-00 BLTR 551 170 4-May-00 ARGR 347 M 6 171 4-May-00 ARGR 334 F 6 172 4-May-00 ARGR 338 F 5 173 4-May-00 ARGR 308 F 5 174 4-May-00 ARGR 321 M 6 175 4-May-00 ARGR 273 F 5 176 4-May-00 MNWH 276 177 4-May-00 MNWH 297 178 4-May-00 MNWH 310 179 4-May-00 ARGR 305 M 4 180 4-May-00 ARGR 379 M 7 181 4-May-00 ARGR 371 F 6 182 4-May-00 ARGR 326 M 6 183 4-May-00 ARGR 351 M 7 184 4-May-00 ARGR 386 M 7 185 4-May-00 ARGR 316 U 5 186 4-May-00 MNWH 316 187 4-May-00 ARGR 329 F 6 188 4-May-00 ARGR 406 F 10

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189 4-May-00 MNWH 313 190 4-May-00 MNWH 299 191 4-May-00 ARGR 371 U 7 192 4-May-00 ARGR 291 U 5 193 4-May-00 ARGR 312 F 6 194 4-May-00 ARGR 314 M 6 195 4-May-00 ARGR 345 U 6 196 4-May-00 ARGR 321 U 6 197 4-May-00 MNWH 297 198 4-May-00 ARGR 307 M 5 199 4-May-00 ARGR 303 F 5 200 4-May-00 ARGR 274 F 4 201 4-May-00 ARGR 339 F 6 202 4-May-00 ARGR 330 M 6 203 4-May-00 BLTR 645 2202 204 4-May-00 ARGR 295 F 6 205 4-May-00 ARGR 319 M 6 206 4-May-00 ARGR 305 M 5 207 4-May-00 ARGR 359 M 6 208 4-May-00 ARGR 298 M 4 209 4-May-00 ARGR 337 M 6 210 4-May-00 ARGR 350 M 6 211 4-May-00 ARGR 346 M 6 212 4-May-00 ARGR 361 F 7 213 4-May-00 ARGR 376 595 M 7 214 4-May-00 ARGR 321 M 6 215 4-May-00 ARGR 349 F 6 216 4-May-00 ARGR 378 575 M 7 217 4-May-00 ARGR 371 544 M 7 218 4-May-00 MNWH 285 219 4-May-00 ARGR 308 F 6 220 4-May-00 MNWH 287 221 4-May-00 MNWH 300 222 4-May-00 ARGR 310 F 6 223 4-May-00 MNWH 331 224 4-May-00 ARGR 283 F 5 225 4-May-00 ARGR 304 U 5 226 4-May-00 ARGR 299 M 6 227 4-May-00 NRPK 529 F 228 4-May-00 ARGR 323 M 6 229 4-May-00 MNWH 290 230 4-May-00 MNWH 349 231 4-May-00 BLTR 266 232 4-May-00 MNWH 274 233 4-May-00 NRPK 437 M 234 4-May-00 MNWH 275 235 5-May-00 ARGR 281 M 5 236 5-May-00 ARGR 326 M 6 237 5-May-00 MNWH 270 238 5-May-00 ARGR 306 F 6 239 5-May-00 ARGR 354 F 8 240 5-May-00 ARGR 336 U 7 241 5-May-00 ARGR 288 F 5 242 5-May-00 BLTR 612 243 5-May-00 ARGR 300 M 5 244 5-May-00 WALL 520 M 245 5-May-00 ARGR 343 M 7 246 5-May-00 ARGR 307 F 6 247 5-May-00 MNWH 304 248 5-May-00 MNWH 270 249 5-May-00 ARGR 301 F 6 250 5-May-00 ARGR 299 F 5 251 5-May-00 ARGR 327 M 6 252 5-May-00 ARGR 315 M 6

Year One 2000-2001 33 DRAFT Progress Report Alberta Conservation Association Wapiti River Watershed Study

253 5-May-00 ARGR 296 M 6 254 5-May-00 ARGR 301 F 5 255 5-May-00 ARGR 328 F 6 256 5-May-00 MNWH 298 257 5-May-00 ARGR 302 M 6 258 5-May-00 ARGR 296 F 4 259 5-May-00 ARGR 315 F 5 260 5-May-00 ARGR 314 F 6 261 5-May-00 ARGR 305 M 5 262 5-May-00 ARGR 302 U 5 263 5-May-00 NRPK 427 M 264 5-May-00 NRPK 419 M 265 6-May-00 ARGR 311 F 6 266 6-May-00 ARGR 326 F 6 267 6-May-00 ARGR 333 F 7 268 6-May-00 ARGR 318 M 5 269 6-May-00 BLTR 396 270 6-May-00 MNWH 315 271 6-May-00 MNWH 309 272 6-May-00 ARGR 353 M 7 273 6-May-00 ARGR 278 F 6 274 6-May-00 ARGR 344 M 6 275 6-May-00 ARGR 331 F 7 276 6-May-00 ARGR 347 F 7 277 6-May-00 ARGR 328 F 7 278 6-May-00 ARGR 345 M 7 279 6-May-00 ARGR 297 F 5 280 6-May-00 ARGR 309 F 6 281 6-May-00 ARGR 351 M 7 282 6-May-00 ARGR 315 F 6 283 6-May-00 ARGR 316 M 7 284 6-May-00 ARGR 319 M 6 285 6-May-00 BLTR 615 286 6-May-00 BLTR 440 287 6-May-00 WALL 416 F 288 6-May-00 WALL 485 M 289 6-May-00 NRPK 483 F 290 7-May-00 ARGR 330 M 7 291 7-May-00 ARGR 274 F 4 292 7-May-00 MNWH 503 293 7-May-00 BLTR 364 294 7-May-00 ARGR 326 M 6 295 7-May-00 ARGR 320 M 6 296 7-May-00 ARGR 303 M 5 297 7-May-00 ARGR 333 M 6 298 7-May-00 ARGR 293 F 6 299 7-May-00 ARGR 358 M 7 300 7-May-00 ARGR 295 M 5 301 7-May-00 ARGR 303 F 5 302 7-May-00 ARGR 343 M 6 303 7-May-00 NRPK 453 M 304 7-May-00 NRPK 450 M 305 7-May-00 BLTR 456 306 7-May-00 MNWH 380 307 7-May-00 NRPK 686 F 308 8-May-00 ARGR 285 F 5 309 8-May-00 ARGR 305 F 5 310 8-May-00 NRPK 443 M 311 8-May-00 NRPK 465 M 312 8-May-00 ARGR 338 F 6 313 8-May-00 ARGR 287 F 5 314 8-May-00 MNWH 340 315 8-May-00 ARGR 285 F 5 316 8-May-00 NRPK 453 M

Year One 2000-2001 34 DRAFT Progress Report Alberta Conservation Association Wapiti River Watershed Study

317 8-May-00 NRPK 455 M 318 9-May-00 ARGR 339 M 7 319 9-May-00 ARGR 334 F 7 320 9-May-00 ARGR 327 U 7 321 9-May-00 MNWH 304 322 9-May-00 ARGR 342 M 6 323 9-May-00 MNWH 277 324 9-May-00 ARGR 331 F 6 325 9-May-00 LRSC 550 U 326 9-May-00 LRSC 531 F 327 9-May-00 LRSC 511 U 328 9-May-00 LRSC 449 F 329 9-May-00 LRSC 486 F 330 9-May-00 LRSC 524 M 331 9-May-00 LRSC 540 F 332 9-May-00 LRSC 460 M 333 9-May-00 NRPK 410 M 334 9-May-00 LRSC 515 U 335 9-May-00 LRSC 500 U 336 9-May-00 LRSC 490 F 337 9-May-00 LRSC 476 F 338 9-May-00 LRSC 526 F 339 9-May-00 LRSC 511 U 340 10-May-00 BLTR 444 341 10-May-00 LRSC 526 F 342 10-May-00 LRSC 539 F 343 10-May-00 LRSC 545 F 344 10-May-00 LRSC 505 M 345 10-May-00 LRSC 487 M 346 10-May-00 LRSC 485 M 347 10-May-00 LRSC 516 F 348 10-May-00 LRSC 570 F 349 10-May-00 WHSC 416 M 350 10-May-00 LRSC 553 F 351 11-May-00 MNWH 309 352 11-May-00 LRSC 541 U 353 11-May-00 LRSC 537 U 354 11-May-00 ARGR 271 U 4 355 12-May-00 LRSC 467 M 356 12-May-00 ARGR 323 F 6 357 12-May-00 ARGR 327 F 6 358 12-May-00 ARGR 386 M 7 359 12-May-00 BLTR 571 360 12-May-00 NRPK 687 F 361 12-May-00 ARGR 300 F 6 362 12-May-00 LRSC 546 U 363 12-May-00 LRSC 540 U 364 13-May-00 ARGR 290 M 5 365 13-May-00 ARGR 351 F 7 366 13-May-00 ARGR 321 M 7 367 13-May-00 BURB 609 368 13-May-00 ARGR 341 F 7 369 13-May-00 LRSC 485 F 370 13-May-00 LRSC 456 F 371 13-May-00 LRSC 500 F 372 13-May-00 LRSC 411 M 373 13-May-00 LRSC 421 M 374 13-May-00 ARGR 301 F 5 375 13-May-00 LRSC 435 M 376 13-May-00 LRSC 475 M 377 13-May-00 LRSC 475 M 378 13-May-00 LRSC 467 M 379 13-May-00 LRSC 403 F 380 13-May-00 MNWH 369

Year One 2000-2001 35 DRAFT Progress Report Alberta Conservation Association Wapiti River Watershed Study

381 13-May-00 BLTR 627 382 13-May-00 BLTR 511 383 13-May-00 MNWH 307 384 13-May-00 BLTR 572 385 13-May-00 BLTR 655 386 14-May-00 LRSC 531 F 387 14-May-00 LRSC 455 F 388 14-May-00 ARGR 289 F 6 389 14-May-00 BLTR 390 390 14-May-00 BLTR 406 391 14-May-00 ARGR 359 F 7 392 14-May-00 ARGR 345 M 8 393 14-May-00 MNWH 355 394 14-May-00 MNWH 335 395 14-May-00 MNWH 403 F 396 14-May-00 MNWH 315 F 397 14-May-00 MNWH 317 398 14-May-00 MNWH 261 399 14-May-00 ARGR 334 M 6 400 14-May-00 MNWH 338 401 14-May-00 LRSC 515 M 402 14-May-00 LRSC 484 M 403 14-May-00 LRSC 475 M 404 14-May-00 LRSC 524 F 405 15-May-00 MNWH 354 406 15-May-00 MNWH 223 407 15-May-00 MNWH 326 408 15-May-00 NRPK 801 F

Year One 2000-2001 36 DRAFT Progress Report Alberta Conservation Association Wapiti River Watershed Study

Appendix C: Radio Transmittered Fish Data

AEP Length Weight External External Radio River Initial Mark Date Location Maturity Sex Code mm g Tag Color Tag No. Frequency km Capture 2-May-00 ARGR 377 668 G 10399 149.018 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe M Y 2-May-00 ARGR 373 590 G 10400 149.124 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe M Y 2-May-00 ARGR 392 654 G 10393 149.601 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe M Y 2-May-00 ARGR 365 627 G 10403 149.079 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe M Y 2-May-00 ARGR 395 677 G 10407 149.031 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe M Y 3-May-00 ARGR 362 536 G 10450 149.067 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe M Y 3-May-00 ARGR 374 625 G 10454 149.091 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe M Y 3-May-00 ARGR 362 590 G 10459 149.007 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe F Y 3-May-00 ARGR 349 560 G 10430 149.561 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe F Y 3-May-00 ARGR 368 620 G 10432 149.041 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe F Y 3-May-00 ARGR 367 573 G 10442 149.551 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe M Y 3-May-00 BLTR 646 2669 G 10451 149.735 RR Trap 5.696 Y 3-May-00 BLTR 642 2420 G 10452 149.637 RR Trap 5.696 Y 4-May-00 ARGR 376 595 G 10490 149.112 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe M Y 4-May-00 ARGR 378 575 G 10479 149.136 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe M Y 4-May-00 ARGR 371 544 G 10482 149.149 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe M Y 4-May-00 BLTR 645 2202 G 10504 149.677 RR Trap 5.696 Y 12-May-00 ARGR 386 G 10636 149.055 RR Trap 5.696 Mature Ripe M Y 12-May-00 BLTR 571 G 10637 149.857 RR Trap 5.696 Y 9-Aug-00 ARGR 366 G 10857 149.388 Wapiti R. 161.511 Y 9-Aug-00 ARGR 370 635 G 10856 149.46 Wapiti R. 161.511 Y 9-Aug-00 BLTR 553 G 10858 149.292 Wapiti R. 161.511 Y 9-Aug-00 BLTR 429 G 10879 149.577 Wapiti R. 156.318 Y 10-Aug-00 ARGR 370 G 10904 149.352 Wapiti R. 152.308 Y 10-Aug-00 ARGR 384 G 10905 149.34 Wapiti R. 152.308 Y 10-Aug-00 BLTR 513 G 10888 149.521 Wapiti R. 153.685 Y 10-Aug-00 BLTR 637 G 10889 149.16 Wapiti R. 153.685 Y 10-Aug-00 BLTR 475 G 10906 149.281 Wapiti R. 152.308 Y 10-Aug-00 BLTR 459 G 10907 149.657 Wapiti R. 152.308 Y 10-Aug-00 BLTR 458 G 10928 149.196 Wapiti R. 150.242 Y 12-Oct-00 BLTR 495 1150 G 12203 149.221 Wapiti R. 27.375 Y 12-Oct-00 BLTR 476 G 12204 149.316 Wapiti R. 27.375 Y

Year One 2000-2001 37 DRAFT Progress Report