Vol 22. No. 79 Saturday, 5 December, 2015 Pages 8, Price 2.00 NFA Public seminar in Germany AU delegation visits residing in the awareness raising programs have German cities of Stuttgart and been conducted for nationals Manheim held a public meeting residing in different cities in the from November 28th-29th on the country through the National current situation and development Committee in Germany. He also trends at home. said that the national committee will be formed in all major cities Mr. Yohannes Woldu, Charge in Germany until February 2016. d’Affairs at the Eritrean Embassy, gave extensive briefings on the A book written in Tigrigna efforts being exerted to build a and translated into German strong economy. language by Mr. Teklu Lebasi and his son Mr. Henok Teklu Mr. Kahsai Tewolde, Head of “Eritrean History from Ancient Public and Community Affairs, on to Liberation” was inaugurated his part indicated that successful on the occasion. A delegation of the African Union well as with senior officials from the The AU delegation also visited Commission is on a four-day visit Ministries of Finance, Information several private enterprises in to Eritrea for extensive discussions and the Auditor General’s Office. . with relevant government bodies on the “Domestication of Agenda The Ministry of Foreign Affairs As it will be recalled, President 2063 and the First Ten Year and the AU delegation jointly Isaias Afwerki had articulated Implementation Plan”. organized a workshop on the Eritrea’s views on AU Agenda 2063 same theme in Asmara on the 3rd in the publication of AU Heads of The AU delegation held meetings of December for a wider audience State and Government issued on with the Minister of National from several government bodies the occasion of the Golden Jubilee Development, the Minister of and civil society associations. of the Union in 2013. (Full text of Transport and Communications, as the article is on page 3). International Day of the Disabled A public meeting was held at Minister of Labor and Human Mr. Kahsai stressed. the Expo Hall in Asmara on the Welfare, pointed out that the NUEW President in 3rd of December this week to commemoration of the event Ms. Christine Umutoni, the commemorate International Day was vital for amplifying positive UN Resident Coordinator in of the Disabled. attitudes in the wider public Eritrea, stated that the people of towards the disabled. Eritrea and the government have a Khartoum Senior government and commendable culture in enabling PFDJ officials, members of The Minister affirmed that the disabled to equally participate the War Veterans Association , consistent efforts exerted by in all facets of social life. The President of the National consultation on bilateral matters representatives of professional the government to ensure the Union of Eritrean Women as well as on regional issues of and civil society organizations and well being of the disabled are The International Day of the (NUEW), Ms. Tekh’a Tesfamichel, mutual interest. other invited guests participated in bearing tangible results. This is a Disabled is being observed for the th held talks with the Chairperson the event. responsibility that requires burden 24 time at the international level th of the Women’s Union of the Both Ms. Tekh’a and Ms. Mr. Kahsai Gebrehiwot, the sharing by the local communities, and for the 20 time in Eritrea. Republic of (ROS), Ms. Meryem underlined the historic Meryem Osman, in Khartoum on ties that exist between the November 30th. two Unions and affirmed the existing goodwill on both sides Egyptian medical team in Asmara The discussions focused on to strengthen these bonds in the enhancing cooperation and regular period ahead. A team of Egyptian medical ences and best practices. Highly similar programmes for specialized doctors are currently performing qualified medical teams from , surgeries on a regular basis. surgeries on a variety of ailments Germany, and Switzerland organize in conjunction with their Eritrean counterparts in different hospitals in Asmara. The 15-member medical team has carried-out successful surger- ies at the Orota National Referral Hospital as well as at the Berhan Ayni and Halibet Hospitals for 83 patients in the past few days, Dr. Ashraf Aletreby, Head of the group, announced. Dr. Solomon Tsegay, Head of Surgery at Halibet Hospital, ex- plained that these joint efforts are invaluable for exchanging experi- Eritrea Profile,Saturday, 5 December, 2015 2

‘People are key factor for change’

Mela Ghebremedhin support for pressing issues of the music. A song by a blind and culture of Eritrea, the idea ongoing efforts in the country in regarding the inclusion of PwDs teenager and his kirar (traditional of helping each other and live as promoting equal rights of PwDs Under the theme of “Inclusion within society and in development guitar) impressed us all. The a community is the primary tool in eco-social, political, cultural matters: access and empowerment efforts. In Eritrea, the day has been ceremony went on with the remarks which needs to be kept alive in and employment aspects. This idea for people of all abilities”, commemorated for the last 20 by Minister Kahsai Ghebrehiwet order to tackle the cultural beliefs of solidarity, as she mentioned, is this year’s international day of years. All national associations, of Labor and Human Welfare. He towards people with disabilities and nothing new to the Eritrean society Persons with Disabilities (PwD) Government bodies such as the addressed the public with a timely to eschew their marginalization. but dates back to the armed struggle glances at the issue of inclusion Ministry of Labor and Human message on the significance of Raising consciousness is not where strong support was given to and accessibility of persons with Welfare and the Ministry of Health the very rich Eritrean tradition of enough as Gezai Embaye, in wounded civilians and freedom disabilities. About one billion as well as partner agencies including addressing problems collectively, charge of disabilities affairs at the fighters in the underground people live with disabilities the World Health Organization in other words; problem solving Ministry, stressed: “once people hospitals, and make-shift schools. globally, and the proportion in (WHO), the UN Development has communal traits. He further are educated and conscious, then it The culture of solidarity and Africa is considerable too. Yet, Program (UNDP) and the UN expressed on the need to continue is their responsibility to share their collectiveness cultivated in the despite the high number, numerous Children’s Fund (UNICEF), among raising awareness to every citizen knowledge with their colleagues, difficult times continue to this obstacles remain in all aspect of others, routinely take part in these against the discrimination and family, and community. There is no day in the subsequent period of society. This entails marginalization annual occasions. stigma people with disabilities point in having knowledge if you are nation-building. “I am glad to see an important segment of the general face, as it is the responsibility of not able to share it”. This is where the numerous mothers and women public, even if in a subliminal and On the 3rd of December, the each citizen to collectively combat the role of national associations has teachers here and once again it inadvertent manner. Thus, this G3-Expo Hall was already full theses attitudes. to be acknowledged. Through their shows the important role of women day commemorated worldwide of people at 8.30 in the morning, committed members, associations in working for equal rights to all aims at promoting actions to raise waiting patiently until the opening As tradition dictates, the 3rd of such as National Association citizens” Ms. Umutoni stressed. awareness and draw attention to ceremony. Children, mothers and December is also a day to evaluate, of Intellectual/Developmental the benefits of society through teachers from the school of autism monitor and plan ahead of the Disability of Eritrea (NAIDDE) In addition, this year’s theme inclusiveness and equitable access and Down syndrome as well as upcoming year. Accordingly, the managed to travel nationwide and coincides with the 2030 Agenda for and rights to all. the school for the blind and the Ministry of Labor and Human conduct workshops, with minimal Sustainable Development in which hearing impaired took over the Welfare and its partner institutions budget, to sensitize parents and Eritrea is committed to achieve Eritrea too celebrated the crowd. Children wearing a white and international agencies had community members at large the pronounced goals. The new International Day colourfully with t-shirt with the slogan of this year’s prepared a draft Comprehensive against the stigma of mental Sustainable Development Agenda a parade on the eve of the day campaign written on it and wearing National Policy for the PwDs. The disorders. They have already addresses the issue of persons where participants from different blue caps brightened the audience. document addresses the expanding reached about 650 parents since with disabilities to empower them associations and schools of the blind Wounded former freedom fighters, role and responsibilities of each March 2015. Having a direct contact to be active participant in society. and from the hearing impaired took all smiling, rushed into the hall with stakeholder working to promote with communities is the attitude In doing so, a strong focus on part. The parade passed through their wheelchairs, women and also and ensure respect of equal rights Eritrea is strengthening to raise promoting empowerment by Independence Avenue departing teachers wearing a shiny yellow and opportunities to PwDs. With awareness and to promote a sense improving access to transportation, from Cinema Roma all the way traditional dress were actively about 120,000 – 150,000 disabled of ownership and responsibility for employment, education and socio- to Bahti Meskerem. Participants making the last arrangements while people in Eritrea according to the the well being of others. Deeply political life is the primary goal of holding banners with slogans answering to the needs of children. estimates by the Ministry of Labor engrained aversion to dependency this year’s campaign. such as “people are key factors for and Human Welfare; it shows that is another challenge as persons change” attracted the attention of There we go, the ceremony disabilities affect a large segment of with disabilities are not always The key areas of concern under urban dwellers. is about to start. Mr. Medhane Eritrean society. Through the draft comfortable in seeking assistance the theme of ‘Inclusion matters: Yohannes opened the ceremony comprehensive national policy, from family members and the access and empowerment for people Since 1992, the International by thanking the public and all the Ministry will conduct an in- society at large. of all abilities’ are firstly, making Day of PwDs is commemorated to stakeholders for their continual depth study on PwDs throughout cities inclusive and accessible for promote awareness and mobilize support. The show began with a the country during the year 2016 Christine N. Umutoni, UN all, improving disability data and chorus including children with in terms of data analysis to better Resident Coordinator and UNDP statistics and including persons different disabilities together on tackle the ongoing challenges the Resident Representative in Eritrea, with invisible disabilities in society stage. The kids in the audience disabled face. highlighted the weight of solidarity and development. The fact is there were attentive and did not stop and community approach. In her clapping following the rhythm Looking back at the history remarks, she paid tribute to the continued on page 4 Published Every Saturday & Wednesday Acting Editor Amanuel Mesfun [email protected]

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Azmera berhane Sara Alem Eritrea Profile,Saturday, 5 December, 2015 3

Purposeful action to unleash Africa’s full and latent potential

(Article contributed by Presdent emphasize, articulation of new or bases and other alliances between Isaias to AU Publication of Heads revised policies, programmes and individual African countries of State on the occasion of the institutional arrangements will and major external powers – Golden Jubilee of the OAU/AU depend on critical appraisal of our AFRICOM has bases or military and the launching of AU Agenda performances in the past as well prepositioning presence in 35 2063) as in a proper and realistic reading African countries today – are other of developments and trends in the deeper malaises that will require As we commemorate the 50th wider global environment. In adequate remedies if Africa’s anniversary of the OAU/AU this spirit, let me briefly outline peace and security architecture is under the theme “Pan Africanism Eritrea’s perspectives in the to maintain its independence and and African Renaissance”, and modest hope of contributing to for Africa to act solely on the basis soberly ponder on where our the animated debate that is already of its jurisdictional prerogatives continent will be positioned in on the offing at this important and considerations. the global pecking order 50 years historical juncture. henceforth, I personally believe 3. The Regional Economic that the tribulations of our past 1. Independent National Blocs: Geographic contiguity, and the enormity of the multi- Policies: The vivacious higher cultural affinities, economic faceted challenges that we face at perspectives espoused by the complimentarity and scale, the present should not, in any way, Casablanca and Monrovia and, vital security interests are eclipse Africa’s immense potential Groups when the OAU was among the main parameters that and higher prospects for vigorous, established in 1963 have perhaps have historically prompted the sustained, and all-rounded progress lost their original luster in our establishment and consolidation of in the next fifty years. contemporary times when there regional economic associations in is almost universal consensus on the continent. As Africa’s political True, the balance sheet for the indispensability of the Nation- union is an ideal that can only the past fifty years is not rosy State as the constitutive element be contemplated in the distant or entirely positive when our of any regional association future, the RECs must constitute or other benefactors. Polarized Both through its Constitutive Act continental performance is gauged of any kind. Indeed abstract the primary building blocks for ideological perspectives within the as well as through subsequent in comparative terms against the economic considerations of much closer political, economic global context of the Cold War in resolutions and Protocols, the most essential economic, political optimization or rationalizations of and security associations for the a bipolar setting further informed African Union has supplanted the and social indicators. Among other economic growth are not the sole foreseeable future in what has been and determined the political traditional OAU principle and things, Africa’s share of global determinant factors in complex termed as the modular approach to discourse and models of political praxis of “non-interference by trade remains at a pittance 3%; societies where national, ethnic, ultimate African political unity. governance and State institutions any member-State in the internal foreign investment continues to be cultural, historical identities But the recent trend seems to in Africa for the best part of the affairs of another” with the concept skewed to the extractive industries; and psychological dispositions, gravitate towards the creation of last fifty years. This must change of “non-indifference” in cases of intra-State and internal conflicts affiliations and loyalties have far new RECs that have overlapping for Africa to regain its soul, “genocide, ethnic cleansing and continue to wreck havoc to our higher importance and transcend memberships and mandates – map out its own development crimes against humanity”. The societies; poverty, deprivation purely material economic calculus. IGAD, EAC, CENSAD, SADC, path and raise its global status. African Union has also created the and diseases afflict the majority of So, in all probabilities, Africa COMESA etc. The potential Global economic trends are necessary institutions – the Peace our citizens; and, our innovative will not coalesce into one single wastage in resources and efforts that also indicative of substantive and Security Council, the Conflict potential continues to be eroded polity fifty years henceforth. The unregulated regional configuration changes in the making. Asia and Early Warning System, the Panel of by debilitating brain drain. In a nation-states, and the regional might incur might thus be a task Latin America will increasingly the Wise, and the African Standby nutshell, marginalization, with all economic blocs, will remain as that warrants sober appraisal become prominent players on Force – to bolster its tasks of its economic, political, security and the constitutive elements of the in order to formulate workable the global scene in the next half peace-making and peace-building. social ramifications, has remained Union and the key fulcrums for formulas in the future. On a more century. The opportunities and The wars in Somalia, Libya, Cote Africa’s lot for the better part of economic development and social substantive level, the RECs are latitude of action that this may d’Ivore, and Mali however portray our existence as a community of progress. What will require further the most appropriate vehicles for afford to Africa are factors that a different narrative than what independent States. articulation is therefore the policies aggressively pursuing Africa’s must feature in our thinking as we is suggested in the premises and and programmes that are enunciated air, sea and land connectivity. fashion development approaches operational structures of the AU’s But this rather grim history at the three distinct pillars in order While much is being done along and political models of good peace and security architecture. should not cast its dark shadow to enhance better synergy and these lines, national and regional governance that are better suited The primary actors in all these on the new, brighter, narrative that complimentarity; issues that I investments must be funneled in to our own specific realities. instances were and continue to be we aspire to enunciate and see will revert to, later. In as far as accordance with clearly calibrated external powers; the agendas are crystallized in the next tranche of the nation states are concerned, objectives and timelines to ensure 2. The Peace and Security also primarily extraneous and not fifty years of our collective voyage. the experience in the past fifty progress in all the regions within Architecture: Peace and security always and necessarily aligned This will, of course, require the years has largely been that of specific timelines. are clearly pre-requisites for any with the interests of the peoples articulation of appropriate and dependence on dominant external economic development and for the and nations concerned or with visionary policies, strategies, players for inspiration and policy 4. Africa’s fault lines welfare of our peoples. Conflict Africa at large. The fact that AU’s and programmes of action at the direction. In terms of economic and emergent problems: As we prevention and resolution indeed peace-making and peace-building three, complementary, pillars development, African countries contemplate modalities and remains Africa’s Achilles heel to efforts depend on our external of our continental institutional did not have much latitude to chart timelines of regional economic date. The rationale for concerted partners for much of the financing architecture: the Nation- out their own models responsive cooperation and African unity, action primarily to prevent conflicts needs is a factor that accounts State; the Regional Economic to their own situations outside the the reality in individual African and to resolve them effectively for this anomaly. Larger issues Cooperation organs, and the “orthodoxies” preached by the when and if they erupt is thus of structural dependence, the African Union. Needless to Bretton Woods Institutions and/ continued on page 8 too palpable to merit elaboration. proliferation of foreign military Eritrea Profile,Saturday, 5 December, 2015 4

Serving Eritrea’s Traditional Cuisine

Yosief Abraham Z. need to be very curious and attentive less often opportunities to witness to know which type of flour is good poisonous foods with the Eritrean A gastronomist who presented a and when is the better time to bake traditional cuisine in comparison research paper about the traditional it,” authenticates Mr. Suntan Dailey. with those alleged ‘fast food burgers.’ cuisine of Eritrea’s highlanders “Preparing the traditional Eritrean Thus, having my dinner from this asserts: “food contents of the cuisine and serving it here is not cuisine is an exotic experience. country is fully natural and is free an easily manageable experience. Knowing that the restaurant near of those unhealthy lists which are Even though the ‘’ served here the Shanghai International Airport well renowned for their oily, fatty is different in its size as it is done in China charges an extremely and most often for their unnatural intentionally for allocating the avail exaggerated price for dinning the ingredients. Thus, naturalism has contents rationally,” he stated in a Eritrean traditional cuisine by been applied in the art of cook caption he posted on his Facebook itself is a remarkable witness of for Eritrean traditional cuisine Timeline. the favorability of the traditional profoundly.” (Marcel Claxton: food,” stated Liu Ling, an associate 2013: p.6) Even though there are 46 Eritrea’s facilitator and a graduate in applied traditional cuisine which have been linguistics from China. And as part of the global identified as additional lists to the phenomenon, East Europe world collections of foods menu by And to accelerate the exposition accentuate that lists of traditional is free of such burnt foods, having countries have witnessed an influx the World Gastronomic Expertise, of the Eritrean tradition in full foods which have been detailed creamy soups, putting much more of immigrants from Middle East in the book are selected based on grease and stringy contents. Hence, and other regions. And by the time various and easily unsurpassable organic nature of the cuisines made of this long concealed intents for measurements. Then why the them preferable to those genetically immigration erupted suddenly, Eritrean traditional cuisines need modified junk foods. And I am in addition to the preventive to be included? Accordingly, as hopeful the clients of Kisuzem measurements, the countries have reasons for others also, the process restaurant are satiated with the been exerting, various support of preparing our traditional cuisines traditional cuisine of Eritrea. links and have been stretched. Unfortunately, such efforts have still failed even form ensuring ‘People are key .... the provision of the fundamental assistance requirements. continued from page 2 hope parents and the community Meanwhile, a restaurant named are many disabled people who will understand that we have rights Kisuzem from Budapest in withdraw from society to lead a to be respected and we want to be Hungary also got the opportunity reclusive life. The major challenge part of the society with you” in serving Eritrea’s traditional is thus to reach all layers of society, cuisine by aiming at supporting the as Amanuel Tekie, who after being International day of Persons immigrants. In this event, two young wounded in 1985 lost his sight, with Disabilities reminds us of cooks from the restaurant, Andris explained. “In some cases, blind the ongoing challenges remaining Roder and Adam Finding, served children do not venture outside globally but also here in Eritrea. the Eritrean traditional cuisine all their homes. And by the time The main issue of traditional or the week as part of the food festival they come to school at the age of cultural beliefs can only be tackled organized by interested individuals 8-10, they would have developed by raising consciousness in both thereby to express their solidarity other disabilities because of being rural and urban areas and through with immigrants and refugees who marginalized; not feeling the wind; the efforts of national associations. have been streamed to Hungary in not playing with other children and We can notice improvements in the last months. developing speaking problems for the increasing number of children instance”. This takes me back to enrolled in school, prompting the “If you have once prepared the performance by Yosan Kidane Ministry of Education to open ‘injera,’ it is not difficult to list the during the ceremony in which she additional schools. A new school Eritrean traditional cuisine within touched the audience through this for persons afflicted with autism the empires of the short-orderable word: “Mother stop crying because and down syndrome will, for food; surely, you can serve quickly. in the event at Kisuzem Restaurant swing, the event at Kisuzem was I am blind…please mother stop instance, be opened in the suburbs The most challenging part for in Budapest, chickpea paste and also accompanied by a traditional being worried because I am blind, of Asmara – Cushet area. This serving the traditional cuisine is you meat were served. “And you have coffee ceremony. To what extent the I can use my arms, my legs freely, will be the 10th such institution. traditional coffee ceremony has a I can learn and write, through my Similarly, the School of the Blind is powerful aroma and a magnetizing devotion and effort and the love looking for opening more branches force to bring people together is also of my brothers and sisters, please in other regions. witnessed by the expression of the mother stop crying because I am served guests. In pictorial reports blind…” However, education starts at the organizers sent to the writer, Surafel also touched the audience home and each citizen needs to they put expressive prose, including through his poem: “We are happy shoulder the responsibilities in ‘we share from one potter ‘’ to celebrate today the international respect of people with all types of and have our own ‘finjal,’ Chinese day of persons with disabilities. disabilities. The social construction porcelain for drinking coffee. The Us, who want to be seen as any of normality and abnormality at philosophy of the traditional coffee other citizen… to those who are global level is the main driver ceremony is easy and deep: share still being hidden at home, when a against the equal treatment of together the wishes, the time of guest comes home, you run to hide people. Disabilities are aggravated ecstatic moments and incidents of yourself, never seen the wind or by the way society is organized challenges.” sun outside, your parents who still with the assumption that all people In the epilogue of their e-book, don’t understand… I feel sorry for are the same by focusing only on publishers of the book entitled them; today this day is to remember one group’s needs and creating this ‘World Gastronomic Expertise’ those who remain left alone… We idea of abilities versus disabilities. Eritrea Profile,Saturday, 5 December, 2015 5

Sophia Tesfamriam During the struggle for Eritrea’s Cyber Eritrea independence, with the gag order on any information on Eritrea in academia rite of passage, a sacred right for each cases where access is available, there and in the mainstream media in place, Eritrean voter to tell the world -- are many “old timers” who still insist it may have been difficult, but it peacefully and democratically -- their on the printed press and have resisted was not impossible for Eritreans to answer to the question no one asked using the internet, and there are some get information about the liberation for forty years…One U.S. observer that simply cannot afford it. But it is a movement and developments in Eritrea. from the U.N. told me afterward, different story on social media. It seems The few landlines that were available he never would have believed such this platform is garnering the attention in Eritrea at that time meant that news a result if he hadn’t witnessed of the former internet naysayers. For the from home was still slow in coming the process himself. Another U.N. younger generation, it has become an and Eritreans were at the mercy of the observer told me she had never seen indispensable tool for communication mainstream media for information. But such a meticulous process…” with families and friends at home and that changed when the Eritrean Diaspora There were 1010 polling stations across states and continents. Long lost decided to help with the establishment of and the results of 99.8% vote for ties have been found through Facebook the Voice of the Masses (DimtsiHafash) independence dispelled any doubts and other such sites and cyber Eritrea is in 1979. Taped reportsand faxes about the wishes of the population. All flourishing. of reports, were distributed widely this preceded the active presence of the Should there be concerns about throughout the Eritrean Diaspora Eritrean Diaspora on the internet. access, availability and connectivity for communities and Eritreans were able to It was shortly after the referendum all? get direct information from the ground. that the Eritrean Community Online William Dutton of the Oxford Internet Today, the Eritrean Diaspora is forefront Network, DEHAI was established in Institute says: of Eritrea’s presence in cyberspace. 1993. It was the very first online Eritrean “…Along the access divide, the Reading the reports about news and site the Diaspora was able to use to economic ‘haves’ generally get information in and about Eritrea, one share information and news with each more access to the Internet than would get the impression that they were other and it was also an opportunity to the ‘have-nots’. This underpins talking about a country that is much share information and ideas with the concerns that the Internet reinforces older than its very young 24 years. wider internet community- to introduce socioeconomic inequalities in society. Eritrea became independent in 1991 and Eritrea through the Eritrean lens. DEHAI Despite these continuing digital two years later, in 1993, the referendum became the primary source for news divides, the Internet has achieved a Concerted Action to was conducted in 1993.In the two years and information on and about Eritrea. critical mass that enables networked following the end of the liberation war For $20 per year, DEHAIers, who came individuals to become a significant Mitigate Climate Change in 1991, the Eritrean People’s Liberation from all walks of life and economic force. The existence of a Fifth Estate Front (EPLF) formed a Provisional backgrounds, shared opinions and is not dependent on universal access, Government, issued the Referendum information with the “DEHAI family” but upon reaching a critical mass of Climate change is one of the major challenges facing mankind today, and the Proclamation that established the which grew in leaps and bounds and its users…” issue featured high in the deliberations of the 2015 World Summit on Climate Referendum Commission, and set out reach became global. The interesting part The Eritrean Diaspora has come a in Paris. to prepare for the Referendum vote. of this development was that the internet long way and may be close to reaching It registered eligible voters inside the was not even available in Eritrea at that that “critical mass”… The phenomenon resulting in climate change that gave rise to severe country and in the Diaspora, and issued time. Each year, its members gather for Social media is enabling Eritreans consequences has already been witnessed in many parts of our planet over the Eritrean Identification cards to its a weekend retreat to exchange views to widen their reach and provide past two decades. citizens around the world. and seek ways to enhance DEHAI. The an alternative source of news and It should be recalled that the younger generation who grew up in information about Eritrea, and these According to a study conducted by scientists, global warming has been referendum was conducted in cities the DEHAI family continue to use the daily postings are in turn molding public noticed in the past 50 years. Although variances in climate may occur, scientists across the United States, Europe and in most innovative technologies available discourse on Eritrea, as well as providing maintain that increased accumulation of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse Africa. There were also polling stations to maintain the site and its archives, invaluable insight into Eritrea’s nation gases released by massive burning of fossil fuels, land clearing and other human in Ethiopia. The voice of the Eritrean a treasure-trove in Eritrea’s post- building strategies. The Eritrean activities are the main cause for global warming noticed in the past 50 years. people was heard loud and clear after independence history. voices are now being heard globally being distorted, muffled and silenced Eritrean websites soon followed and Eritrea is being showcased daily in In the face of diverse impacts of global warming and climate change resulting for over 50 years. Tim Wise, Director and today with the introduction pictures, videos, poems and proverbs thereof, the peoples of developing countries suffer the most, and this despite the of Grassroots International in his article of powerful internet tools such as as well as interesting and provocative fact that they contribute the least to excessive overload of the atmosphere with “ERITREA’S REFERENDUM ON Facebook, Twitter and YouTube, articles by passionate writers, who have greenhouse gases above the level of concentration that nature is capable to cope INDEPENDENCE-the meaning of a the Eritrean media landscape has been able to influence public opinion with its stabilizing mechanism. free vote” wrote: expanded exponentially…worldwide and guide discussions, once dominated “…If I hadn’t seen the process communication has been greatly by mainstream media. The prevailing world economic order has also opened the floodgates for with my own eyes, such a result enhanced and today, the mainstream Eritrean society is a highly organized irreversible destruction of natural assets and support systems on which Planet would have been hard to believe. But media is being rigorously challenged by society and its most incredible Earth heavily depends. Worth emphasizing at this juncture is the fact that the traveling the countryside as an official Eritrean Diaspora communities using accomplishments preceded the advent prevailing world economic order and the thinking behind it have put the entire non-governmental observer from these mediums, to produce accurate of the internet.From conducting an world on a self-destructive path. Grassroots International, I observed information and news about Eritrea, unparalleled liberation struggle to its the voting at several different polling its people and its government on a post-independence economic, social These salient remarks were made by Eritrea’s Minister of Land, Water and stations. Everywhere, the story was daily basis. Gone are the days when and political development, Eritrea Environment, Mr. Tesfai Ghebreslasie, at a recent public gathering organized the same. Despite having three days corporate media had the monopoly on relies the most on the commitment by the European Union Delegation to Eritrea as part of the convening of the to vote, virtually everyable-bodied information and news. Social media and ingenuity of its people, its strong Climate Summit in the French capital. voter in the country’s 1.1 million has opened up new opportunities for cultures and traditions, its principled electorate braved long lines and a citizen journalists and Eritrean Diaspora policies and strong vision. It is an insult As the Minister underlined, Eritrea shares and strongly supports the position searing desert sun to vote on the first is using the opportunity to produce to the Eritrean people in Eritrea, and that mitigation of global warming and initiatives for substantial reduction of day of balloting. Overall turnout was timely information on Eritrea and those in the Diaspora, to measure their emissions x are the primary responsibility of the main polluters. Hence, the estimated to be about 98%, including contents that are appealing to a growing knowledge and expertise, and most developed countries that also possess the requisite technological capacity and over 90% on the first day….It audience, as evidenced by the number importantly their political astuteness financial means need to take effective measures to shift to clear energy sources. mayhave been the most elaborate of their followers on Twitter, Facebook, on whether or not there is internet process in history every carried out Instagram and others. availability or connectivity in Eritrea. In line with its commitment to the international effort to mitigate global to achieve a foregone conclusion. No doubt there are huge gaps in As a matter of fact, in this author’s warming and climate change, Eritrea continues to give due attention to adaptation The independent Referendum Internet access within and between humble opinion, it is not Eritreans that and resilience enhancing measures. Commission of Eritrea could easily nations and regions. Internet is access are suffering from “information deficit”, have gone through the motions of is still not at optimum levels in most but rather it is the “wired world” that is And this despite the fact that our country’s emission of Greenhouse gases democratic process. In a country developing countries, and has a long missing out on a ground breaking nation is negligible. Still, environmental protection anchored on persistent fight arguably born as the poorest on earth, way to go in Eritrea. And even in the building enterprise taking place… against global warming remains an essential component of Eritrea’s national few could have faulted them. Instead, developed states, not every one has offline. development strategy. they made the referendum a national access. For the Eritrean Diaspora, in Eritrea Profile,Saturday, 5 December, 2015 ads 6 Formal Trade for Ex-Pats (Fitter)

Knowledge and Experience:

3 - 5 years relevant experience

Technical Skills: Behavioural VACANCY ANNOUNCEMENT Skills: Computer Literacy (MS Office –, ) Communication Bisha Mining Share Company is inviting applicants for the following position .Follow instructions for Bisha site project; Attention to detail Integrity Analytical skill Prioritizing skills & Fitter Supervisor multi-skilling Number required – (01) Fitter experience Ability to work Type of contract – Definite period (Two Years) towards strict deadlines Problem solving skill High level of Major Duties and Responsibilities. accuracy Supervisory/Management Skills Self-motivation/ Planning self-disciplined • Follows the “Planned Maintenance Schedule”. (Work Orders). • Makes a list of parts and equipment required. • Workforce planning. General Information and other requirements: .. Implementation of the Plan ..Place of Work: Bisha. • Identifies the highest priority for each day and focus on completing rel- ..Salary: As per Company salary scale. evant tasks. • Ensures good housekeeping. Additional requirement for Nationals: • Ensure safety, health & environment requirements are fulfilled at the work ..Having fulfilled his/her National Service obligation and provide evidence of place, including leading Field Level Risk Assessment (FLRA) and proper use of release paper from the Ministry of Defense. the appropriate PPE. Report any safety issues/incidents. ..Present clearance paper from current/last employer. • Comply with mine’s cardinal rules and other safety, environmental or other ..Testimonial documents to be attached (CV, work experience credentials, a copy rules and standards as directed. Identifies any hazards in the work place. of your National Identity Card etc.). ..Only shortlisted applicants would be considered as potential candidates for an Mechanical Installations: (Supervising) interview. • Remove and replace mechanical components (direct & indirect drives, pipe ..Application documents will not be returned to sender. systems, static & dynamic seals, bearings, brakes and clutches, heat exchangers ..All applications should be sent through the post office. and pressure vessels, lubricating systems, pumps/pump designs, hydraulic / pneu- ..Deadline for application: 10 days from the day of publication in the Newspa- matic systems, gearboxes, compressors, valves (includes safety valves), crushers per. and mills, filter systems, agitators, vacuum pumps, cyclones, screw and belt type conveyors, blowers, motors and associated equipment) ..Address: Please mail your applications to; • Align machines and equipment using dial gauges. Bisha Mining Share Company, • Commission assemblies / machines. P. O. Box 4276 Asmara, Eritrea • Assemble mechanical components. ..Note to Eritrean applicants: Please send a copy of your application to Mechanical Maintenance: Aliens Employment permits Affairs, • Diagnose and repair faults on equipment and machinery during produc- P. O. Box 7940 Asmara, Eritrea. tion/operation. • Analyze and solve mechanical problems. • Refurbish/overhaul machines. • Perform first line and routine maintenance. • Maintain mechanical components: (direct & indirect drives, static & dy- namic seals, bearings, brakes and clutches, heat exchangers and pressure vessels, lubricating systems, pumps, hydraulic / pneumatic systems, gearboxes, compres- sors, valves (includes safety valves), Overhead Crane equipment, fans, agitators, vacuum pumps, bag filters, screw/belt type conveyors, blowers, crushers, mills). • Conduct minor routine and breakdown maintenance on equipment and ma- chines. • Perform minor mechanical maintenance on metallurgical process equip- ment. • Machining and manufacturing of components.

Conveyor Maintenance: (Supervising) • Replace conveyor belting and components on conveyor belt installations. • Maintain belt conveyor components. • Join a conveyor belt by means of mechanical clips. • Assist with hot/cold splicing of conveyor belts. • De-dusting systems.

Writing Reports & Data Control • Compile daily; progress reports as requested. • Verification of spares and availability

Supervise/Manage Staff • Training and mentoring of staff. • Supervising and motivating staff.

KNOWLEDGE, EXPERIENCE AND SKILLS

Qualifications:

Grade 12 for locals (Technical School & College) Eritrea Profile,Saturday, 5 December, 2015 ads 7

o Train & Equip the staff in required tasks and standards. • Administration o Ensure that section leaders and staff meet various administrative require- ments.

VACANCY ANNOUNCEMENT

Bisha Mining Share Company is inviting applicants for the following position for Profile: Qualifications and Experience Bisha site project; • Degree in Commerce or Busi- Formal Education, Certifica- ness Supply Manager tions or Equivalents • Additional management / Number required – (01) Leadership courses Type of contract – Definite period (2 years) • 10 years in several interna- tional roles Working Experience – Nature & • Business and Commercial Major Duties and responsibilities. Length Acumen • Understand various cultures • Provide Leadership of the department • Strategic & Planning, Organ- o Setting vision, planning, setting goals & strategies, motivating and monitor- izing & Execution skills ing work performance of the Supply Team. • Analytical skill • o Set and establish Work and Supervision schedules Business Planning & De- velopment skill o Understand the end user needs and key issues to drive supply chain perfor- mance of the team. • Leadership skill Mentor and coach team members. • Attention to detail o • • Drive standards incorporating international best practice Budgeting skills • Business writing skill Research and find International “Best practices and standards “ o Technical Skills • Conflict Resolution o Educate and train Supervisors & staff on Supply Chain mission, require- • Decision making ments, policies and procedures. • Delegation & prioritization o Ensure that team works to standard. skill o Ensure compliance with local and international legislation • Management skills o Develop relationships with local authorities, suppliers and other stakehold- • Problem solving skill ers. • Project management skill • Reporting (Weekly, Monthly, Quarterly) • Report writing skill • Risk management & assess- o Measure and report on Supply Chain activities ment o Analyse statistics to improve performance • Communication (English & o Set Key Performance Indicators for department local language) o Attend and report to FITS management meeting • Results oriented o Attend and report to Management Committee meeting • Ability to work toward strict o Provide Management report on daily issues, weekly activities, High Risk Other skills deadlines item issues challenges and successes including Inventory Value reporting. • Assertiveness • Interpersonal skills o Provide summary reporting to General Manager. • Develop policies & procedures • Discretion Develop new policies and procedures in line with international standards. • Integrity o • Self-discipline o Ensure Supply staff follow procedures to meet performance goals. o Final “sign off” of all Supply Standard Operating Procedures. o Educating departments on relevant policies. • Manage the Sections General Information and other requirements: o Daily Manage the workflow through each section; from Procurement to Is- ..Place of Work: Bisha. suing. ..Salary: As per Company salary scale. o Solve problems that are escalated to Supply Manager. o Meet with Supervisors and staff to set work load and performance out- Additional requirement for Nationals: comes. ..Having fulfilled his/her National Service obligation and provide evidence of re- o Manage and track the OSD process through meeting with key staff regu- lease paper from the Ministry of Defense. larly. ..Present clearance paper from current/last employer. o Chair the expediting meeting especially concerning High Critical, set resolu- ..Testimonial documents to be attached (CV, work experience credentials, a copy tions in place and manage the ‘high risk’ issues. of your National Identity Card etc.). o Check, Authorise and sign off all tasks, jobs, projects and related documenta- ..Only shortlisted applicants would be considered as potential candidates for an tion. interview. ..Application documents will not be returned to sender. ..All applications should be sent through the post office. • Risk and Safety Management ..Deadline for application: 10 days from the day of publication in the Newspaper. o Ensure staff, contractors and visitors to Supply adhere to safety and envi- ronmental standards (eg. Wearing the correct PPE required for the Supply environ- ment). ..Address: Please mail your applications to; Lead and participate in the daily ‘toolbox’ / safety meeting. o Bisha Mining Share Company, Provide general Risk and Safety awareness. o P. O. Box 4276 Asmara, Eritrea • Performance Management Set vision for performance requirements. o ..Note to Eritrean applicants: Implement employee performance management process to ensure optimum o Please send a copy of your application to employee performance and take necessary corrective measures to remedy sub-stan- Aliens Employment permit Affairs, dard work or behaviour. P. O. Box 7940 Asmara, Eritrea. Eritrea Profile,Saturday, 5 December, 2015 8

“It is the role of teachers to make young people thriving”

Teachers are fundamentals in education and as Mr. Telklay Gebrezghi defines it “the ones responsible” for young people’s vocation. In his 34 years experience as a teacher, Mr. Teklay Gebrezghi is, as he has been from the very start, most definitely convinced that teachers are the ones that need to be of a leading way in ensuring the direction and enthusiasm needed towards a successful career.

Let’s start from your childhood. Without a doubt, teachers are an was a student myself. task is to create an atmosphere Do you mind sharing it with our exceptional part of a society: they are in which everybody involved readers? the ones who edify the youngsters What are some of the ‘best’ participates in the process, a of a society, whom evolve to be the teaching methods you came teacher must continuously measure No I don’t. I was born in 1948 in main influential components of the to realize in 34 years of your how engaging the lessons are. Asmara. I spent a lot of time reading next generation. carrier? sport books; I was a cheerful boy One more thing: I strongly stand and very good at school. To be able to teach children and Primarily, teachers need to be against any corporal punishment. put across knowledge upon them intellectually vibrant and well How did you get into your in their most receptive years is educated; a teacher needs to update How do you feel when you see profession? a task connoted with significant his/her knowledge constantly. your former students? responsibility. Because I have seen I was 21 years old when I from many years of experience that Moreover, teachers must be able Pride, joy, and a feeling of… first started teaching. In my first what youngsters learn from their to be an example. Nevertheless, ‘Task fulfilled’. I think so far my teaching experience, which lasted teachers will, in all probabilities, that doesn’t mean that the students profession gave the opportunity of Since it has been long it is only five years; I taught English and accompany them in multiple have little to do in the teaching connecting with some 12 thousands natural that I forget many of them, Math in an elementary-junior aspects of their lives. learning process. students, which I am grateful of. but they truly make me happy. school in Ethiopia. To be one of the main A teacher wouldn’t be good When they come to me telling Sir, we truly thank you for your I still remember how ardently developmental aspects in the without good students. I believe me I was their teacher at some time. I wanted to be a teacher. After formative years of the young ones teachers and students have equal point of their school life; it’s my finishing my mandatory education I is for me an honorable duty to the role in the teaching learning biggest remuneration. Thank you! got into TTI and took some courses society, to citizens of a country process, as such a teacher’s primary related to the profession. I scored and to future adults. For such second out of 168 partakers. reasons, a teacher’s role in society is extremely and valuable. Why do you think that teaching is one of the most important kinds And it is for the same reasons Purposeful action ... of profession? that I wished to be a teacher since I

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countries remains exceedingly is not only very large in numerical and challenges. The AU will worrisome due to deepening terms. But the Diaspora can also become more relevant and potent centrifugal tendencies of ethnic/ act as vital sources for investment, if it focuses less on ambitious religious polarization, disharmony technical expertise and genuine structures and programmes of and strife. These are grave fault partners for joint development continental unity that will not lines that have corrosive impact particularly with countries of be realistically achieved in the on the fabric of our societies African Diaspora preponderance. timeline in question and more on and efforts of nation-building. The next fifty years may indeed an effective division of labour The remedies lie, among other turn out to be auspicious times for with the RECs for functions things, on inclusive policies and reversing the brain drain of the and objectives that can be better programmes of even development past. realized at the respective local and social justice that our individual levels. governments must pursue with 6. AUs enhanced the requisite seriousness and global advocacy: The AU’s In conclusion, Africa’s rich consistency. Myopic policies primary functions in the next endowments and resources, its of institutionalizing ethnicity as fifty years will not revolve demography, the advantages of the well as ill-advised practices that around devising policies and ICT revolution and globalization, perpetuate the polarization of institutions of immediate African the cumulative investment of society along ethnic and religious political and economic unity. African countries in their human lines for electoral or other short- capital, and realistic and achievable term gains must thus be discarded 7. The tasks of economic programmes of infrastructural if we really wish to cultivate the integration will remain to be development and connectivity that social harmony in our societies delegated to the RECs. But the Africa has already embarked on that is critical to internal stability, AU can perhaps play a greater role and that can be accelerated in the economic progress and sustainable in its advocacy of our continent’s coming decades can allow Africa development. vital interests in the areas and to make steady and meaningful negotiations of fair trading progress in the next fifty years. 5. Forging strong links with regimes, climate change and other the Diaspora: Africa’s Diaspora – major global issues that impinge on in the broadest sense of the term - Africa’s developmental trajectories Isaias Afwerki