Gas PROPEBTY Mileaqe OF Guide- EIUERGY AITD EIIIVIROIIME]ITAt Second Edition RESPOIUSE January 1977 CEITTER ucN-13139 (3 7-78) How To Mid-Size-Between 130 and 160 cubic feet inside (pages 23-24). Use This Guide Large-160 or more cubic feet inside (pages 24-25). This "Gas Mileage Guide" gives the estimated fuel economy in miles per gallon (MPG) ot 19ll model year cars, station wagons, and light trucks. Truck Classes These vehicles were certified by EPA as of Small Pickups-Trucks having Gross Vehicle January 24,1977. Weight Ratings (truck weight plus carrying capacity) under 4500 pounds (page All new car dealers are required to display copies of 25). this Guide in their showroom. Standard Pickups-Trucks having GVWR's over 4500 pounds (page 26). Van/Special Purpose class-All other light How The Guide ls Organized trucks (pages 27-28). ln each size class, you will find the following To help you compare the fuel economy of similar- information on every model type: sized vehicles, the passenger cars and station wagons are grouped into classes according to Manufacturer and car line names their interior size, an important measure of vehicle The manufacturers are listed alphabetically. Under utility. This means that vehicles that are each manufacturer, the car lines are listed approximately the same size inside will be in the alphabetically. same class. Trucks are grouped by their capacity, in terms of gross vehicle weight rating. Vehicle Description Each line in the Guide shows a different model in a car line. For each model. there are Car Classes designations of the engine size and the type of transmission ("A" for automatic; "M" Two-Seater-Cars designed primary to seat for manual). The type of each vehicle's fuel only two adults (page 20). system is indicated either by "Fi" for fuel injection or by the number of barrels in the Sedans carburetor. The interior volume index column lists two numbers (in cubic feet). The first is an Subcompact-Cars having up to 100 cubic feet passenger of passenger and luggage volume (pages g-19). estimate of the size of the compartment; Compact-Cars having 100 to 110 cubic feet the second, the size of the inside (pages 13-15). trunk or, in station wagons and hatchbacks, Mid-Size-Cars having 110 to 120 cubic feet the cargo space behind the second seat. inside (pages 16-18). Three Fuel Economy Estimates Large-Cars having more than 120 cubic feet inside (page 19). Gity fuel economy reflects trips for local errands, driving to work, and general stop-and-go driving in Station Wagons urban and suburban areas. Highway fuel economy reflects long-distance Small-Less than 130 cubic feet of passenger driving on non-urban roads and on interstate and cargo volume (pages 2t-22). highways at a speed averaging about 50 MpH with no stops. Combined fuel economy is a weighted average of The Specific Label (which will be clearly marked the city and highway estimates based on Federal "Specific Label") will have additional information Highway Administration studies of average U.S. about that vehicle's characteristics and will have driving patterns. This value (which assumes fuel economy estimates that relate to a specific approximately half city and hatf highway driving) is individual vehicle within the model line. what the average driver can expect in overall Because of this, the Specific Label in some cases summer driving on level roads after the car has will have fuel economy estimates that are different been broken in. from the General Label values in the "Gas Mileage Guide." Fuel Cost Also, the estimates on a Specific Label may not fall into the range of fuel economy This value is an estimate of what you would pay estimates listed for its class. This is for fuel in 1 year if you drive 15,000 miles and pay because a specific model may be rnore 65 cents per gallon for gasoline (or 55 cents per fuel efficient than the average gallon for diesel fuel). Check the Fuel Cost Chart for the model type- for additional information on yearly fuel costs at different prices per gallon. Fuel Costs, ln Dollars, Per 10,000 Miles Example: lf you pay an average of 60 cents per gallon lndex and your car gets 12 MPG, your fuel cost for 10,000 miles of driving is $500. lf you drive 20,000 miles a lf you don't know which class a vehicle is in, turn year, your annual fuel cost will be twice this figure, or to the index where manufacturers and car lines $1,000. lf you own a car that gets 20 MPG, your are listed alphabetically. After each model name, annual fuel cost for 10,000 miles at 60 cents per the appropriate size class is given. By locating gallon is $300. that size class and the manufacturer, you will be able to find the specific model. The index is located on pages 28-32. Additional information is provided in this Guide on: a Factors that affect fuel economy (page 6). a EPA fuel economy tests (page 8). Fuel Economy Labels All 1977 passenger automobiles and light trucks are required to hp.ve gas mileage labels if they have gross vehicle weights of 6000 pounds or less. There are two types of labels. The one that will appear on most vehicles is the General Label. The fuel economy numbers on these labels are the same as those that appear in this ,,Gas Mileage Guide" and are based on an average of fuel economy test results for similar versions of a given model. 4 Factors That Affect How You Drive Fuel Economy An engine that is already warmed up (such as one that was used in the last 4 hours) requires less The fuel economy numbers in this Guide are the fuel to reach its most efficient operating condition result of carefully controlled tests performed on than a "cold" engine (such as one in a car parked well-maintained test vehicles. Any differences overnight). Trip length also affects fuel economy. between the test conditions and the condition of Shorter trips (under 5 miles) do not allow the your vehicle, your driving habits, and the road and engine to reach its best operating condition, you traffic conditions under which have to drive whereas longer trips allow the peak operating probably will result in a different fuel economy temperature and engine condition to be obtained. your from that listed for car. This does not mean that you can save fuel by Temperature increasing the length of your short trips. lt does mean that by combining numerous short trips into Summer iemperatures (over 70'F.) are better for a single, longer trip you can save fuel by reducing fuel economy than winter temperatures. At 20'F., the total miles driven as well as taking advantage for example, there can be an approximate 8- of your vehicle's warmed-up condition. percent fuel economy loss compared te the Smooth, even driving improves fuel economy combined MPG number in this Guide. For a 20- performance; therefore, try to avoid sudden stops MPG (combined) vehicle, this is MPG. about 1.5 and starts. By anticipating stop lights and Wind intersections, you can slow down gradually. Also, avoid rapid accelerations. you Wind can increase or decrease fuel economy. On the highway, will improve your fuel economy by driving Examples for a car that normally gets 20 MPG at or below (combined) are: the 55-MPH speed limit. 18 MPH tailwind---+about 12-percent gain in fuel economy (2.4 MPG). Your Vehicle's Condition 18 MPH crosswind---oabout 1-percent loss in fuel economy (0.2 MPG). The condition of your vehicle is important, too, for 18 MPH headwind-+about 1O-percent loss in fuel economy reasons: fuel economy (2 MPG). I Maintain your vehicle according to the manufacturer's specifications. On the average, Precipitation a tuned-up vehicle gets approximately 3 to 9 Rain or snow, and the wet roads that result, can percent better fuel economy than one that has cause an approximate 1O-percent loss in fuel not been properly maintained. economy (2 MPG for a 20-MPG vehicle). O Keep the tires inflated to the proper pressure. Road Condition Underinflated tires can cause a fuel economy loss. Rough or loose road (such surfaces as sand or For a more detailed technical discussion of the gravel) can also cause a fuel economy loss factors that affect fuel economy, write for ranging between 10 and 30 percent (or 2 to 6 MPG for a 20-MPG vehicle). Cars use more fuel "Factors Affecting Fuel Economy" on hilly roads than flat roads. The fuel saved in Public lnformation Center (PM-215) going downhill does not equal the extra fuel used U.S. Environmental Protection going Agency uphill. Mountain driving causes an even Washington, D.C.20460 greater fuel economy penalty. 6 a Fuel Economy Tests SUBCOMPACT CARS The city and highway fuel economy values in this Man ulactu rers Vehicle Oescription Fuel Economy Guide come from tests conducted or approved o by o t the U.S. o c Environmental Protection Agency (EpA). o E : !- c ! <y These performed 6e .9 o a9 tests are on vehicles submitted E i 3& I o c! q : 5 PY ! 6.8 o b gE E by the auto industry to EPA to demonstrate o E -s a .9' o F r : : o: il I compliance with the requirements of the Clean Air AMERICAN Act and the Energy Policy and Conservation Act. MOTORS Each vehicle is tested under precisely controlled GREMLIN 121 /4 M 2 81 /9 21 33 25 $390 121 /4 A 2 81 /9 21 conditions by professional 29 24 $406 drivers in a laboratory 232/6 M 1 81 /9 20 27 23 $424 on a dynamometer.