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141205 Diss Lekt Research Collection Doctoral Thesis Konstruktionen von Ambiente Wohnungsbau von Luigi Caccia Dominioni in Mailand, 1945-1970 Author(s): Mosayebi, Elli Publication Date: 2014 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-010290401 Rights / License: In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library 2 3 Dank Wie stets bei einer solchen Forschungsarbeit tragen im Hintergrund eine Vielzahl von Personen zum Gelingen bei. Ihnen allen gilt mein ganz herzlicher Dank: an allererster Stelle meinem Doktorvater Ákos Moravánszky für die zahlreichen anregenden und kritischen Gespräche, bei denen ich viel lernen durfte, und meinem Korreferenten Markus Peter für seine motivierenden und erhellenden Kommentare. Luigi Caccia Dominioni und seine Familie haben in grosszügiger Bereitschaft ihr Archiv geöffnet und wichtige Kontakte vermittelt. Eine unverzichtbare Stütze war Antonio Caccia Dominioni, der meine Anliegen gegenüber der Familie zu vertreten wusste. Ohne das Wohlwollen der Bauherren, Bewohner und Architekten im Umfeld von Luigi Caccia Dominioni hätte diese Arbeit nicht geschrieben werden können. Angefangen bei Cino Zucchi, dem ich grundlegende Hintergrundinformationen und Kontakte verdanke, setzt sich die Reihe fort mit Aline Mondelli und Federico Maineri, Elena Mondelli, Carlina Dubini-Soldini, Maria Luisa Siccardi, Agostino Mari, Cecilia Pirelli, Anna und Giordano Zucchi, Vittore Ceretti, Luisa Somaini, Marta Sala, und Olga Lualdi bis zu Glauco und Anna Marchegiani, den ehemaligen Mitarbeitern Caccia Dominionis, die meinen Recherchen engagiertes Interesse entgegenbrachten und meine zahllosen Fragen geduldig und rasch beantworteten. Kolleginnen und Kollegen, insbesondere Laurent Stalder, Oya Atalay Franck, Kornel Ringli und Lukas Zurfluh, gaben in intensiven Diskussionen und Unterhaltungen, die im Rahmen der Doktorandenkolloquien und PhD-Talks an der ETH Zürich oder bei inoffiziellen Anlässen ausserhalb der Hochschule stattfanden, fruchtbare Denkanstösse. Wichtig war der konstruktive fachliche Austausch mit Sabine von Fischer, die mich auch durch die Endphase der Dissertation begleitete. Dagmar Reichert hat nicht nur wertvolle Hinweise beigesteuert, sondern schenkte mir vor allem ihre kontinuierliche moralische Unterstützung während des gesamten Projekts. Unverzichtbar war das sorgfältige und präzise Lektorat von Ulrike Steiner. Ebenso möchte ich den Kolleginnen und Kollegen in Mailand für ihr Interesse und ihre Unterstützung danken. Fulvio Irace hat sich Zeit genommen für meine Fragen und wichtige inhaltliche Ergänzungen geliefert. Maria Vittoria Capitanucci war bei den Archivrecherchen in Mailand behilflich, und Roberto Dulio hat dem Forschungsprojekt Literatur aus seiner persönlichen Bibliothek zur Verfügung gestellt. Keinen geringen Anteil am Gelingen der Dissertation hatten meine Familie und die beiden Grossmütter, die in der Schlussphase Unschätzbares geleistet haben. Ramin Mosayebi sei gedankt für die gute Stimmung. Christian Inderbitzin danke ich für alles. 4 Zusammenfassung .........................................................................................................................................7 Summary ........................................................................................................................................................8 1. Einleitung ..........................................................................................................9 1.1. Zum Begriff des Ambiente im Wohnungsbau Luigi Caccia Dominionis ...................................................10 1.2. Fragestellung und Forschungsgegenstand ..................................................................................................11 1.3. Methoden und Begriffe ..............................................................................................................................12 1.3.1. Identität ..............................................................................................................................................16 1.3.2. Distinktion .........................................................................................................................................17 1.4. Stand der Forschung ...................................................................................................................................17 1.5. Quellen .......................................................................................................................................................19 1.5.1. Archive ..............................................................................................................................................20 1.5.2. Interviews ..........................................................................................................................................24 1.6. Aufbau der Arbeit .......................................................................................................................................25 2. Ambiente .........................................................................................................27 2.1. Begriff und These .......................................................................................................................................27 2.2. Ambiente ....................................................................................................................................................28 2.2.1. Aktuelle Begriffsdefinitionen ............................................................................................................28 2.2.2. Begriffsgeschichte vor 1930 ..............................................................................................................29 2.2.3. Der Begriff im historischen Kontext der Arbeit ................................................................................31 2.2.3.1. Gustavo Giovannonis Konzeption von ambiente .....................................................................31 2.2.3.2. Ernesto Nathan Rogers Konzeption der preesistenze ambientali .............................................34 2.2.3.3. Paolo Portoghesis Definition von ambiente und ambientamento .............................................41 2.2.3.4. Lucio Fontanas Konzeption der ambienti spaziali ...................................................................43 2.2.3.5. Roberto Alois Verwendungen von ambiente .............................................................................46 2.2.3.6. Gio Pontis Verwendungen von ambiente ..................................................................................47 2.3. Ambiente – zwischen gestalteter Kontinuität der Geschichte und gestalteter Kontinuität des Raumes ....49 3. Rekonstruktion ................................................................................................51 3.1. Begriff und These .......................................................................................................................................51 3.2. Politik, Gesellschaft und Architektur in der unmittelbaren Nachkriegszeit ...............................................52 3.2.1. Politik und Gesellschaft .....................................................................................................................52 3.2.2. Gesellschaft und Identität ..................................................................................................................55 3.2.3. Architektur und Wiederaufbau ..........................................................................................................57 3.2.3.1. Wiederaufbaupläne aus dem Schweizer Exil ............................................................................57 3.2.3.2. Wiederaufbau durch Private ......................................................................................................59 5 3.3. Rekonstruktionen .......................................................................................................................................61 3.3.1. Die Ausstellung Oggetti per la casa, VII. Triennale, 1947 ...............................................................62 3.3.2. Wohnung der Familie Caccia Dominioni im Dachgeschoss der Via De Amicis 47, 1947 ................68 3.3.3. Der Familienpalast an der Piazza Sant’Ambrogio 16, 1948–1951 ...................................................70 3.3.3.1. Der Abriss des Altbaus gegen den Willen der Denkmalpflege .................................................70 3.3.3.2. Der neue Familiensitz im Vergleich zum zerstörten Palazzo ...................................................75 3.3.3.3. Kontextuelle, materielle und ideelle Kontinuitäten ..................................................................78 3.3.3.4. Grundrissentwicklung ...............................................................................................................81 3.3.3.5. Rezeption: «un vero e proprio restauro» ..................................................................................85 3.3.3.6. Fazit ..........................................................................................................................................91 3.3.4. Umbau und Einrichtung des Palazzo Zucchi, 1961–1962 ..............................................................92 3.4. Fazit: Rekonstruktion .................................................................................................................................95
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