Volume XXVIII No. 9 September, 1973 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE MSOOAjm Of XWBH REfUeOS m GOAT BKITAni

Zucker, shows that even a man like Theodor '^' Rosenstock Mommsen, who took issue with Treitschke in the famous debate in the Preussische Jahr­ buecher, took the view that Christianity and WORLD JEWRY IN TRANSITION modern nationalism were so intertwined that to be a true national one had to become a so far as he draws the political conclusions Christian. The adherence to Judaism also In his address to the Conference of the served as a barrier to the admission to the World Jewish Congress in Tel Aviv, which from the emancipation and, to use the now­ *as briefly referred to in our previous issue, adays fashionable term, acculturation of West­ Prussian reserve officer corps, as an article by yr. Joachim Prinz defines the position of the ern Jewries in their countries of residence. Werner Angress sets out in detail. The re­ Jews in the twentieth century, especially since While wide sections of the Zionist movement action of the Jews to this exclusion was not ^ne existence of the State of Israel, as "post- concede that Jews have a right of existence uniform. Some, as Maximilian Horwitz, the ?niancipatory, post-assimilatory, and post- in the Diaspora, he claims that, beyond this, founder member and chairman of the Central- Hitler". Emancipation in the free Westem they are entitled to political autonomy. Yet Verein, said at a meeting of the Verband der countries, he says, is an established fact, and in fairness it must be added that his concept Deutschen Juden, took the view that it was Jye survivors of the catastrophe have differs from that of many pre-Hitler non- out of proportion to fight for the removal of the ban, "though it could hardly be considered affirmed progressively more fervently their Zionists in one respect. He does not advocate pizenship in the countries in which they the replacement of a pro-Israel "patriotism" the pinnacle of all glory to become a lieuten­ «ve". The humiliation of the Holocaust was by a "right or wrong my country" attitude of ant". Others, like Ludwig Haas, felt that a ^t off by the pride in the State of Israel. Yet the Diaspora Jews, but calls for the assessment principle was at stake and that the Jews were ^°w, after 25 years, these feelings unavoid- of political issues, both in the Diaspora and in not only entitled but under the obligation to Israel, with the yardstick of the ethical tenets claim equal treatment in all spheres of public ,.'y have receded and Jewish life in the of Judaism. diaspora is exposed to the dangers of dilution, life. ccentuated by the increase of intermarriages The concept of the Christian State also j.^ an inevitable result of more or less un- New L.B.I. Year Book proved an impediment in the efforts of the ^stricted social relationships between mem- Jews in pre-1914 Prussia to create a publicly ers of different ethnic or religious groups in This leads to the fundamental question of recognised representative body. As Marjorie ^ iree society. These trends could only be whether religion still, or again, plays a part Lamberti sho'A's, there were two main reasons ounteracted if Jews again became more con- in politics. In a way, this problem is the for which Prussian authorities disregarded all "ous of their ethical heritage and based their Leitmotif of the latest Year Book of the Leo proposals made by leading Jews. The main j°J,'tical actions on the postulates of Prophetic Baeck Institute,* most of whose contributions objection was that such an organisation would ^daism. For the Jews in the Diaspora this are focused on Wilhelminian Germany. At a put the Jewish community on an equal footing diff^ '"esult in conceptions and actions which time when the "racial" approach to the Jewish with the representative bodies of the Christian tier from the policy of Israel. Such differ- question had not yet obtained a stronghold in denominations, which would run against the on^^^- ^6<^ame evident, for example, in the Germany, it was the idea of the Christian concept of the Christian State. Yet it was also PPosition of large sections of American Jewry State which turned out to be a barrier to full feared that a representation of this kind would |x 'ne Vietnam war and to the re-election of emancipation. The paradox is that the main serve as an instrument to promote the in­ p^sident Nixon. The conclusion from Dr. ideological founder of the Christian State terests of the Jews in the political sphere and ca^^^ analysis is that Jews in the Diaspora theory was a baptised Jew, Friedrich Julius thus add to the influence they allegedly th'^'^-'^^ subordinate their political decisions to Stahl. Jews on their part claimed that state exerted by virtue of their role in the financial th ^"^^'•ests of the State of Israel, but have and religion were two different things and world. The article also mentions a memorandum a,,^ right, or actually the duty, of political that the state was an all-embracing entity submitted by Rabbi Singer of Coblentz call­ "'Jtonomy. which had to give full rights to all its citizens ing for regulations which would consolidate j^.' Was only to be expected that the speech whatever their religious affiliations might be. the status of the rabbis vis-a-vis their com­ j^^'J controversies, but at a time, when in Accordingly, in their majority, they stead­ munities; it may not be known to many ^wish life many conceptions which should be fastly refused to buy their rights by forsaking readers that the author was the father of itiB f''^^ have become axiomatic it is gratify- their community of origin, and as a matter of Dr. Kurt Singer, the co-founder and head of of t experience such a critical examination self-respect, this attitude was even taken by the organisation of the Juedische Kultur­ Jewry's position, most of those to whom Judaism or, for that buende in Nazi Germany. jy^ ^s not up to citizens of this country to matter, religion as such had lost its mean­ While the articles so far mentioned reflect A.m^^- ^h^ther Nixon is good or bad for ing. A further paradox emerges, if we look the collective position of the Jews, an essay ajj,^'^<^a. Yet the decisive point is that Prinz at the problem as it presents itself after the by Ernst J. Cohn deals with the life stories eleet''^'*y other American Jews opposed his creation of the State of Israel. Whereas the of three individual Jews, the jurists Max thio ^ ^P^te °^ ^^5 pro-Israel attitude. In position of the Jews in the Diaspora stands Hachenburg, Max Pappenheim and Otto Opet. tw2,*ay. the problem of "dual loyalty" be- and falls with the recognition of religious and By its combination of Jewish and legal aspects of^^ the country of citizenship and Israel, ethnic pluralism in the body politic, the State and the author's first-hand knowledge of the eqy.'' easily dismissed as "bogus", is un- of Israel, like many newly established nation subject, this essay is a gem of German-Jewish arj^-^'^^Uy resolved in favour of the loyalty states, tends towards the widest possible reli­ historiography. Hachenburg for some time ^ew ^ from citizenship. The fact that this gious and ethnic uniformity of her citizens. took part in Jewish activities as a member and, 2iQ . 's propounded by a man of life-long There are many reasons for this, and it would for six years, as president of the Synod of ^dripif' antecedents like Dr. Prinz gives it go beyond the scope of this article to expound Badenian Jews. Yet, as the result of frictions sidei? *^iSht. The widespread habit of con- them. The statement certainly also calls for between the Orthodox and Liberals, he later the ^^ political world issues primarily under qualifications in various directions. Yet basic­ withdrew from Jewish communal work. Never­ stat^^Pect of whether a particular country or ally, the existence of this paradox can hardly theless, the awareness of his position as a Isfg^ffan or parliamentarian is "good for be denied. Jew played a part in his life. When he was iHoj.^: niay easily result in a confusion of The Year Book, in an article by Stanley proposed as president of the German Law^rers' j^ '• Values or in a ghetto-like mentality. Association, he declined the office because he t>fijj^,*ould be tempting to claim that Dr. was of the opinion that such an elevated post y th^ views coincide with the attitude taken * Leo Baeck Institute. Year Book XVII. Edited by Robert should not be occupied by a Jew. In 1933 he Weltsch. Seeker & Warburg, London, 1972. 350 pp., 23 ^tle '''^^"Zionist majority of Jews in pre- iWustrations. Ii5-25p. Free of charge for members of the ^ Gennany. Yet this holds good only in Society of Fr ends ot the L.B.I. Continued on page 2, column 1 AJR INFORMATION September, 1973 Page 2 ANSPRUCHSMOEGLICHKEITEN WORLD JEWRY IN TRANSITION NACH DEM OESTERREICHISCHEN OPFERFUERSORGEGESETZ Continued from page 1 Das osterreichische Opferfiirsorgegesetz sieht unter amderem Entschadigungsma^- reiterated this view by writing in his Juri­ Gruenewald, and the history of the Schocken nahmen fur Personen vor, die mit der Wafie stische Rundschau column of the Deutsche Verlag, founded by Salman Schocken, is in der Hand fiir ein freies demokratisches Juristenzeitung that to some extent the Jews described by Stephen M. Poppel. Hermann Oesterreich gekampft haben, falls sie dadurch themselves were to blame for the anti- Cohen's philosophy is interpreted by Nathan Gesundheitsschaden erlitten, durch die sie Jewish measures of the regime because they Rotenstreich. Ln ihrer Erwerbstatigkeiit zumindest um die had pushed themselves too much into the fore­ Jews as industrialists are mentioned in Halfte, durch mindestens sechs Monate, ground. Eventually, at the age of 79, he too Heinz Rosenthal's essay about Jews in the geschadigt waren. Auch Witwen von in dieseni had to emigrate. He spent the war years in Solingen Steel Industry, and much new ground Kampf Gefallenen haben Anspruch aUJ this country, and we still remember that he is covered in Julian Bartys' assessment of the Entschadigung. attended an AJR meeting in the North of statistics reflecting the economic position of Wir werden von sachkundiger Seite auf die England, where he lived. After the war, he the Jewish population of the Grand Duchy of Poznan from 1815-1848. Spruchpraxis aufmerksam gemaoht, derzufolg^ re-emigrated to the United States, and not­ auch Kampf in den Reihen der alliierten withstanding his great age, he contributed to The precarious position of the Jews between Armeen als ein solcher Kampf fur ein frei^ the deliberations on restitution legislation. Germans and Czechs around 1848 in what later became Czechoslovakia is described by Eduard demokratisches Oesterreich gilt. Witwen von The two other jurists, to whom Professor Emigranten, die in den Reihen einer alliiert^" Cohn's essay is dedicated, were personally Goldstuecker. He especially deals with some radical Jews who tried to associate themselves Armee gefallen sind, kdnnen eine einmalige known to the author because, like himself, Entsehadigung in der Hohe von 10.000 Sdhii- they taught at the University of Kiel. Both with the national cause of the Czech section of the population but who were often rejected ling beanspruchen. Antrage sind an das Am of them came from Orthodox families but by the protagonists of Czech nationalism on der Wiener Landesregierung, Magistrats­ were estranged from Judaism, and both of account of their Jewishness. abteilung 12. A 1010 Wien, Gonzagagasse ^*' them had married out. Yet the case of Opet zu richten. in so far differed from that of Pappenheim as On the basis of so far unknown material, after the First World War he became an Kurt Grunwald deals with the constructive avowed Zionist and his Gentile wife took an school work promoted by the Baron Hirsch active part in the work of the Schleswig-Hol­ Stiftung in the Eastern Provinces of the Aus­ RUSSIAN JEWS IN ISRAEL stein district of the Women's Zionist Organisa­ tro-Hungarian monarchy. The linguistic dif­ Discord Among Arrivals tion. ferences between the various regions of the Riots broke out in the southem po^t •? The Year Book also carries a lively profile monarchy were taken into account by the stipu­ Ashdod when a hunger strike by 47 Georgia^ of the psychologist William Stern, written by lation that the language of instruction should immigrant port workers got out of hand. S"". his daughter, Eva Michaelis-Stern. While be Polish in Galicia, with German as a second 2,000 fellow Georgians massed in the town ^^ stress of the article is rightly laid on William obligatory language, and German in the Buko­ show solidarity with the strikers, buudins Stern himself, one reference symbolises the vina. The interest, also among non-Jewish were attacked and people assaulted. .^g scholars, in the language, which was the The trouble began with the dismissal of i" development of many Jewish families after 47, all of them temporary port workers, »^ the emancipation. William Stern's grandfather, lingua franca of the Jews, becomes evident in an appeal for the foundation of an Institutum the end of the citrus export peak season., •'^^r - Sigismund Stern (1812-1867), was a co-founder hours of talks Mr. Shimon Peres, the Mmisw of the Jewish Reformgemeinde in Berlin, and Germano-Judaicum for research in Yiddish. of Communications, negotiated an agreemei his daughter, the authoress of the essay, has The appeal, launched on the initiative of the with the men that they be re-engaged in oci Yiddishist Solomon Birnbaum, was signed by ber, with unemployment benefit until tne • been a Zionist from her early youth. When in personalities who, as Birnbaum writes, "repre­ 1930 Arthur Galliner's book on Sigismund Mr. Peres has been accused of giving in ^ sented the cream of German scholarship". This blackmail and violence. It was also P^iPp.c Stem was published, William Stern wrote the happened during the first months of 1933, out that more than 100 other seasonal worKei following dedication in the copy he presented when the Nazis had already come to power. were laid off at the same time. Mr. Peres "^j^ to his daughter: "The biography of your great­ said that he is gravely concerned at the la grandfather will disclose to you one of the As usual, the Year Book ends with a selected of understanding towards immigrants. « j*,g hidden sources of your deep interest in Jewish bibliography of books and articles on German situation had deteriorated, immeasurao aflfairs. Faced with other problems, he aimed Jewry, compiled by Bertha Cohn. The list com­ damage would have been caused to ^^J^z^i- at other targets, but in common with you prises about 1,000 items including quite a few image and, in particular, to the cause of imn strove to pave the way to save Jewry from articles published in AJR Information. gration from the Soviet Union, he declareo- stagnation and lethargy". A national convention of Soviet immigran^ In the preface, the editor, Robert Weltsch, held in Beersheba broke up in discord »'^ Arthur Ruppin's signal contribution to the mentions that an increasing part of the pre­ uproar as some of the recent immigra'' development of the Land of Israel and, in par­ paration of the Year Book has recently de­ rowed with others who arrived in Israel "^CIM ticular, to the absorption of his fellow Jews volved on Arnold Paucker, because "it is now the current wave of immigration began ^"^^Q from Germany after 1933 is described by Alex time for the burden borne by an ageing man two years ago. The Soviet immigrants ai . Bein. The essay depicts the personality of a to be lightened". While thus credit is also due sharply criticised the Israeli Govemnient a jj constructive and methodical worker, at home to Amold Paucker, we shall always keep in the organisations and individuals dealing wi . in both the theoretical analysis of World mind that but for the initiative, knowledge absorption matters. Spokesmen for the rno.^ Jewry and in the practical colonisation work, and skill of Robert Weltsch, the Year Books, recent immigrants threatened to set up tne and excelling in his activities by the virtues now comprising 17 volumes, would never have own breakaway group if their demands we attributed to the " yecke ". developed into the indispensable instrument not met. The Year Book also records the contribu­ of German Jewish historiography which they New Immigrants tions of three personalities to the cultural and have become. Jews from Germany owe a great During the first six months of this y^ ^ spiritual life of German Jewry. The polyhistor debt of gratitude to him for his decisive con­ 14,370 Soviet Jews arrived in Israel A^gpt and lovable personality of Ludwig Feucht­ tribution to the preservation of our heritage. 30 per cent were from Georgia, 10 per ^ wanger, editor of the Bayerische Israelitische They owe it to themselves to get acquainted from Bokhara and the rest from other pa^ Gemeindeszeitung, is brought to life by Max with this new record of their past. of the Soviet Union. In June, 1,920 SovlJ^ immigrants arrived, comparing with a mom average of nearly 2,400. _^„A. Mrs. Yelena Segal, the 29-year-old gra» j daughter of the Russian novelist, Aie j, "Tolstoy, arrived in Vienna^ from the °°Zy0- Union, on her way to Israel. She was acc" ^ Greyhound Guaranty Limited panied by her husband, Mr. Dmitri Segai-&eg"*i ^i Soviet-Jewish philologist and anthropol"anthropoi^^^^ jy Bankers Margarita Shpilberg, the wife of ArR^^-^ p-rs-' ShpUberg, who was sentenced to three y^gs imnrisonmenimprisonment in Riga in MayMav,. 1971, on ena**}cnai? , . 5 GRAFTON STREET, MAYFAIR, of anti-Soviet activities, has arrived ^^}„hic. Moscow Radio's chief announcer in ^^ifl^ LONDON, WIX 3LB Masrour Katan, is also reported as na* come to settl;ttle in Israel. ..acsuk- Telephone: 01-629 1208 Anothe.._r new arrival is Dr. Leonid Tarat> g together with his wife Nina. Dr. TarassuK ^g Telex: 24637 Cables: Greyty, London, W.l dismissed from his post at the Hermii^* Musetmi after applying to emigrate. AJR INFORMATION September, 1973 Page 3 HOME NEWS ANGLO-JVDAICA Board's Hon. Officers ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS ARAB CONSPIRACY? The new vice-presidents of the Board of Reporting to the Board of Deputies its In the House of Lords the question of action Deputies are Mr. Harry Landy and Mr Greville outgoing president, Mr. Michael Fidler, said against Arab terrorists who might be operat­ Janner, QC, MP, with Mr. Eric Nabarro as a letter had been sent in the board's name ing in Britain was raised by Lord Janner. treasurer. They will form the team of hon. to the Home Secretary expressing concern He referred to public statements that El Fatah, officers for the next three years, under the over the recent ruling by the House of Lords the Palestine Liberation Organisation, and chaimianship of the president. Sir Samuel •"ogarding immigrants who entered this kindred movements were "actively engaged in Fisher. country illegally. terrorist action throughout the world". Mr. Greville Janner, QC, MP, condemned Viscount Colville, Home Office Minister of 'ne fact that the Immigration Act, 1971, would State, said it had been made clear in Parlia­ Jews' College Changes operate retrospectively. Who would be next ment that the Home Secretary would not hesi­ 11 line when the clock was tumed once more, tate to use to the full his powers to keep Chief Rabbi Jakobovits, president of the ne asked? There were many in the National out or to expel any alien who seemed likely college, and its principal. Rabbi Dr. Nachum r ront who might in the future, as in the past, to engage in acts of violence or to encourage Rabinovitch, have outlined radical changes in lurn against the Jewish community. The rights or incite such acts. Lord Colville insisted, the college, which is planned to become more ot immigrants who are non-Jews must be however, that there had to be specific cases a centre for higher Jewish learning and social regarded as of direct concern to our own before action could be taken. studies than a training institution for the community, Mr Janner declared. Supporting ministry. According to reliable sources, a inis view Councillor A. Super thought it repre- blueprint to that effect has been accepted jionsible that only a few Jewish religious MANCHESTER AND THE RUSSIANS in principle, but the precise details have been leaders were showing any interest in foster­ referred back to the education committee of the council. ing better group relations. A visit to Manchester by a party of Lenin­ Mr. s. Clinton Davies, MP, said it was not grad schoolchildren was cancelled by the enough for the board to express its regret to Russians. Some city councillors as well as Teaching Standards fne Home Secretary. It should support all Mr. Gerry Freeman, of the Manchester ?ne efforts now being made to grant the illegal Council for Soviet Jewry, believe that the immigrants immunity from the retrospective Soviet authorities' decision may have been At the annual meeting of the JFS Compre­ ^«ects of the Act. Mr. Victor Mishcon felt influenced by the hostUe reception given to hensive School's parent-teacher association, tnat the community's concern should be the Kirov Ballet and the Leningrad civic dele­ parents complained that the standard of reli­ prompted above all by the Jewish religious gation by Soviet Jewry campaigners during gious knowledge and Hebrew teaching at the principle, which enjoined Jews to treat kindly Manchester's Festival '73 celebrations in May. school was low. This was denied by Dr. E .S. 'ne stranger within their gates. However, it is also pointed out that the Conway, the headmaster. Stressing the short­ Russians had cancelled the visit in 1971 with­ age of trained teachers not only in the London out explanation. area but all over the country, he upbraided SOVIET JEWRY CAMPAIGN JFS parents for not "giving their children to teaching". In ten years' time, he declared, •A Greater London area inter-denominational CLEMENT FREUD M.P. London would be a dead city for teachers and h^'Jiniittee for Soviet Jewry has been estab- the Anglo-Jewish community would be a dead ished, and an ad hoc working party set up Mr. Clement Freud, who won the Ely by- community for teachers. t a meeting at the Middlesex New Synagogue, election for the Liberals, became the 41st fiarrow. Twelve Gentile MPs have so far Jewish Member of Parliament. Of the 40 other New Day School 3p,''^ed to support the committee, to be ofRci- Jewish M.P.s 31 are Labour and nine Con­ th ^ 'munched in the autumn at a meeting at servative. pie House of Commons. Mr. Hugh Dykes, The new Prestwich Jewish Day School has conservative MP for Harrow East and been officially opened by Princess Margaret reasurer of the All-Party Parliamentary Com- VICTIMS COMMEMORATED who unveiled a plaque in the main hall record­ asr J ^'^^ *^e Release of Soviet Jewry, has ing the event. The Princess was welcomed Ceremony on September 30 by the Mayor of Prestwich and others con­ r.^1.^^^ to become president of the new cerned in the establishment of the £100,000 committee. Under the auspices of AJEX (Willesden school. S rjinibers erected a huge "USSR—Release Branch), this year's ceremony in memory of Tvf .Jewry" banner at the peak of Mount those who perished in the concentration camps of tJ' in Snowdonia. On the initiative of two will take place on Sunday, September 30, Student Problems thp -J* climbers, Ron Dutton and Ian Bryson, at 2.30 p.m., at the Prisoners' Memorial in j.r^ Manchester Women's Campaign for Soviet Gladstone Park, Dollis Hill, London N.W.IO. Speaking at the annual dinner of the tuT^ arranged a 2^hour meeting between The function, which will be held in the Jewish Memorial Council in London, Dr Israel thp ^"^ ^ Soviet Embassy official. During presence of the Mayor of Brent and local Feldman said the council should consider aco "luting, described as cordial, the official MPs, is public, and AJR members and their a new approach to Jewish student problems. infl?Pted a letter deploring the "injustices friends are invited to attend. This should not be only under the compre­ i^'nicted on the Jews in the USSR" and appeal- hensive caption of religious teaching, but the Jew ^^^ Soviet authorities to allow those whole conception of coping with a Jewish way Isjj^ who wished to do so to emigrate to of life within the environment of a modern With acknowledgement to the news university. service of the Jewish Chronicle. ^NXISEMITIC JOKES IN RAG JOURNAL CBF Helps Deaf ChUdren Whn Leeds Jewish Representative Council, Grants totalling nearly £60,000 were made apDc 'Complained at "sick" antisemitic jokes Your House for:— at the last council meeting of the Central z^ip ^^ng in the Leeds University rag maga- British Fund. They include a subsidy for the froX; i-^'^e, has received a letter of sympathy CURTAINS, CARPETS, NIV School for Deaf Children in Tel Aviv to Univ •'^ Boyle, the Vice-Chancellor of the provide teaching machines with video and that tj^'^-y- ^°^^ Boyle was of the opinion audio features. The school has 120 pupils, been ^ use of offensive material had probably FLOORCOVERINGS whose ages range from 5h to 16, some of whom by ^ P^rt of a desoerate effort to increase have other handicaps such as cerebral palsy, maga^'ionaiism the flagging sales of the SPECIAUTY brain damage or mental retardation as well as being deaf. couni-^tter of apology was also sent to the CONTINENTAL DOWN Grants were also allocated for the benefit the i« ,^y t'le editor of Tyke, saying that QUILTS of Jews in or coming out of Eastern Europe, to an ^^^'°° 0^ ^^^ "jokes" had been due North Africa and the Middle East. this ,, editorial oversight and ensuring that "> *ould not recur. ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVEBS ESTIMATES FREE Leeds Rabbi APPOINTMENTS Rabbi Douglas Charing is to take up his The DAWSON-LANE LIMITED appointment in September as new minister >Ohtetr^^ of emeritus professor has been (ErtaklWM4 1S4S) of the Sinai Synagogue, Leeds. Twenty-seven- Louj_%ed by Liverpool University on Professor year-old Rabbi Charing, who graduated from ''^atin^ ^^^^head, professor of applied mathe- 17 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK the Leo Baeck College in 1970, is active on theoS't-^^d Professor H. Floloch, professor of Teiepfione: 904 6671 the Council of Christians and Jews and on Uhivp^Mcal physics, who retire from the PerwMl ettentloii el Mr. W. Skackma*. the World Council of Faiths education com­ "ersity this month. mittee, as well as other organisations. Page 4 AJR INFORMATION September, 1973

JEWRY IN THE EAST NEWS FROM ABROAD U.S.S.R. RELATIONS WITH ISRAEL UNITED STATES "THE JEW KREISKY" Relations between Israel and the Soviet Union, broken off at the time of the Six- Jewish Defence League Mr. Hans Klement, the deputy chairman Day War, may be improving. A number of Two JDL members were cleared of flre- of the Freedom Party of Austria, has resigned incidents, including a more amicable Russian bombing the Manhattan offices of Mr. Sol from the party. Astonishment was expressed attitude towards Israel at the United Nations Hurok, the impresario, in January, 1972. The at the ground of his resignation, which was and other small moves by top Soviet diplo­ JDL, which at the time had protested against that as the party intended to form an alli­ mats, would suggest hopes that the way is be­ the visits of Soviet artists arranged by Mr. ance with the Social Democrats it was out ing prepared for a resumption of diplomatic Hurok, denied responsibility for the attack, of the question for him to sit down at the relations. when a secretary was killed in the blast. same table with "the Jew Kreisky". Although cleared of the bombing charges, The party, which has stated that it rejects AMERICAN REPRESENTATION the two still face Government charges of pos­ antisemitism in principle, was generally con­ sessing incendiary devices. sidered to be the ideological heir of the A delegation of three Jewish leaders called Nazi Party at the end of the war, and is on Dr. Henry Kissinger in Washington be­ "Jesus Christ Superstar" still a radical Right-wing party. However, it cause of the apparent lack of positive develop­ categorically rejects Hitler's racial theories ments in the wake of the Nixon-Brezhnev In the row over the film "Jesus Christ Super­ and is pro-Israel. talks. They said that the situation of Soviet star", described as antisemitic by the American Jews had worsened since Mr. Brezhnev's visit Jewish Committee and other Jewish organisa­ ANNE FRANK HOUSE to America in June. , tions as well as some Christian leaders, a The three leaders stated that the number oi statement has been issued by the B'nai B'rith's Returning from an official visit to Holland 1,926 Jews permitted to leave the Soviet Union Anti-Defamation League. This says that the members of a Knesset delegation expressed in June was the lowest for 18 months ano Israeli Govemment was not involved in the shock at having found Arab temorist opera­ continued the downward trend which began preparation of the script or in the making tions against Israel featured in the Anne in May. According to the three, more than of the movie, but did not bar the filming Frank House in Amsterdam. One of the rooms 100,000 applications for exit permits by Soviet because there is no censorship of movie pro­ of the house had been set aside to disseminate Jews are now outstanding. Of 738 hardship duction in Israel. information about "national freedom" move­ cases, a written breakdown of which was It is uncertain whether Israel will formally ments, including Palestinian groups and "wars supplied by Mr. Brezhnev, they say that they condemn the contents of the film, which Mr. of liberation". know of only 56 having been given permission Jevrison, its Canadian-Protestant producer, has Mrs. Chaika Grossman-Orkin, the delega­ to leave Russia, not the 268 claimed by claimed is not antisemitic. tion leader, who was a Resistance leader in the Russians to have been given exit permits- the Bialystok Ghetto in Poland during the Dr. Kissinger said that a large number of tne Los Angeles Poor war, criticised the "exploitation of the Anne Soviet Jews earlier refused exit permits would Frank memorial for purposes other than those now be allowed to leave. , One of the most affluent Jewish communities for which it was originally established and in Mr. Richard Maass, chairman of the National in the world in the Los Angeles area has complete contradiction to the original Conference on Soviet Jewry, at a briefing tor received a shock report in a one-year study purposes". New York jouraalists before going to tne by the Jewish Federation Council of Greater White House, described as "accurate" a repon Los Angeles. This states that some 30,000 DANISH KNIGHT RECTOR by two syndicated columnists that President Jewish households in the Los Angeles area— Mr. Robert Levin, the Oslo Jewish pianist, Nixon told a meeting of Congressmen that tne one in six—have annual earnings below the recently appointed a Knight first class of the struggle in America on behalf of Soviet JewiT $4,000 poverty line (about £1,600). Jewish Royal Order of St. Olav by King Olav V for might endanger the detente between the Vs/y poor are concentrated at both ends of the his contribution to music in Norway and over­ and Russia, and could also encourage anti­ age spectmm, with 16,000 aged between 59 seas, has now been appointed rector of semitism. and 64, and 13,000 in the 15-19 age category. Norway's new Academy of Music, the only The report notes that while the number of music academy in the country. One of PROTESTS Jewish poor is considerable, the nature of Europe's outstanding pianists and accompan­ Nine Moscow Jews arrested in Moscow on Jewish poverty in Los Angeles differs from ists, Mr. Levin has also played in concerts in June 28 after demonstrating to go to Israel, the usual stereotype of poverty, with many Israel with Yehudi Menuhin. were sentenced to 15 days' imprisonment OB of the poor rooted in the community and June 29. On their release they said they na" owning their own homes. PARIS SYNAGOGUES The Jewish Federation Council instituted been repeatedly beaten by prison guards "''"^J a wide-ranging programme of assistance fol­ An influx of Moroccan and Tunisian Jews the supervision of a senior prison official, an lowing publication of the report. in Paris has followed the large-scale repatria­ that they had all been confined in a cell oW) tion of the Algerian community. The growth 5 feet square and had been abused by tne Honour for Rabbi Dr. Swarsensky of the Jewish communities has necessitated prison guards. more synagogues, for which foundation stones In Kishinev 17 Jews staged a sit-in afwr Rabbi Dr. Manfred Swarsensky was awarded have been laid at Fontenay-aux-Roses and Le being refused permission to emigrate to Israei- the honorary doctorate of philosophy of the Vesinet. The sit-in was timed to coincide with tn Edgewood College in Madison, Wisconsin session in Moscow of the Supreme Soviet o (U.S.A.). Dr. Swarsensky is well remembered CHAGALL MUSEUM the USSR. The 17 remained until they were by former Berliners for his courageous atti­ arrested. Released after eight hours, the g'''',",^ tude and helpfulness during the years 1933-39. On the occasion of Marc Chagall's 86th were warned that they would be gaoled i" He has now for 33 years been rabbi of Temple birthday, France's national museum built by a year if they resumed their sit-in. Beth-El in Madison. His activities go, however, the Goverament in Nice to house the painter's far beyond the care for his congregation. He works of Biblical inspiration, was opened. KOSYGIN ON RETURNEES is also actively associated with non-denomi­ The works on show include twelve large national organisations of the city, such as the canvases showing the creation of man, the Mr. Alexei Kosygin, the Soviet Prenij?^ Dane County Association of Mental Health, history of the Patriarchs and the Song of spent four days in Austria for talks with "' the Red Cross and the Ecumenical Information Songs. Three stained glass windows symbo­ Chancellor, Dr. Bmno Kreisky. . j^g Centre. lise the days of the creation, and there are At a press conference Mr. Kosygin said ig studies and sketches and a mosaic of Elijah. was aware of the problem facing Soviet J e Admission of Russian Jews The artist also envisages the museum as a who emigrated to Israel and then left to • shrine for spiritual reflection. turn to Russia. It was not the fault ot "' In Washington Mr. Elliot Richardson, the Soviet Union, he said, that the retumees wei United States Attorney-General, said that he in Vienna—they had not been forced to tea ^ would use his special authority to relax the the Soviet Union in the first place. The Sovie immigration laws so that 800 Soviet Jews Gorta Radiovision Service Embassy would deal with the requests of tno ^ now in Rome would be able to enter the (Membtr R.T.R.A.) Jews who wanted to retum to Russia. {\_ United States soon. claimed that other Soviet Jews were encou 13 Frognal Parade, tering difficulties in Israel and wisheo REPORT ON LATIN AMERICA Finchley Road. retum to the Soviet Union. -glj According to Rabbi Dr. Seymour Siegel, Mr. Kosygin declined to receive a Jewi professor of theology at the Jewish Theo­ London, N.W.3 delegation and the Austrian Governmej^^ logical Seminary of America in New York, (435 8635) refused to intervene with him on behaii the Conservative movement is thriving in Latin Soviet Jewry. gs America. Dr. Seigel, who has just retumed Special Summer Offer It is stated that there are some 80 returne^ from a visit there, said that in the Argentine in the Austrian capital, half of them tr"g Jews were now prominent in the Goverament Bush 20" Mono-£61.95 Soviet Georgia. Materially they are weU j from which they had been excluded for some Bush 24" Mono-£69.95 many living in private homes or rooms g time. He said that General Peron appeared having jobs with Jewish firms. The return to offer the last chance to keep the country Colour Television from £169.00 have rejected offers of assistance from ^ together. If he failed there would be "bad — Colour Television Rentals — American Joint Distribution Committee trouble" for everyone and antisemitic riots. United Hias Service. AJR INFORMATION September, 1973 Page 5

Hans Feld He would rehearse even with a temperature of over 100. On Yom Kippur he fasted—out of respect for his parents—yet still, he re­ hearsed. Dress rehearsals started at night, MAX REINHARDT-PROSPERO AND after the final curtain had been run down on the play of the evening, and ended in PROTEUS the morning. Max Reinhardt sat in the stalls, surrounded only by his staff, took notes and Centenary of his Birth on September 9 afterwards discussed changes and corrections. There was nothing he could not explain to Max Reinhardt—the name conjures up a Hofmann's mystic return to the Fathers by his actors, elucidating his wishes by showing time and age, now a part of past history but "Jacob's Dream". In between there was light them how he would play their roles. It was still kept alive and pulsating in memory. relief but marked by the desire to widen the that mastership of the craft which enabled Max Reinhardt—that meant the cobble­ frontiers: "The Miracle", dance and masque, him to assemble the most gifted young players stones in the forecourt of the Deutsche depicting the erring and home-coming of the from all over Germany, blend them with the Theater, in a part of the comfortably nun Melgildis, the "Lysistrata" of Aristo­ greatest actors of the period into an ensemble, bourgeois quarter of the pre-1914 Berlin, and phanes, a hymn to peace and eros. and nurse budding talent in his own the elegant and stylishly intimate atmosphere There was also "Faust", forever changing Reinhardtschule. of the Kammerspiele next to it. Later, after throughout the years, with different casts and In 1917, Max Reinhardt embarked upon an the First World War, the bold and futuristic always in search of new meanings. Strind­ experiment which at that time was not with­ stalactites of Poelzig's Grosses Schauspielhaus. berg's "Dream Play" and its sad message: out political risk. He founded a Society, "Das Still later—as a tribute to the inexorable move "Mankind—what a pity". Aeschylus, Tolstoi, Junge Deutschland", under whose auspices towards West End and Kurfuerstendamm— Somerset Maugham, Galsworthy, Frank Wede­ plays by progressive young authors, which '^me the plush Komoedie. kind, Goldoni, Hauptmann, Calderon—"ein normally would not have passed the censor­ voiles Menschenleben, und wo Ihrs packt. . . ." ship, were put on the stage of a war-stricken Before all that, there was Max Reinhardt, With "Fledermaus" and "Orpheus" tribute was capital. Within three seasons, a whole galaxy the highly praised actor of character parts. paid to the naughty Muse of champagne and of new writers found their way to a respon­ Max Reinhardt, the leading spirit of the laughter. The audience, then hardly emerged sive audience. Most of them afterwards made scintillating cabaret "Schall und Rauch," and from war and catastrophe, could certainly do their mark: Hasenclever, Werfel, Unruh, Max Reinhardt, the author of devastatingly with it. Lasker-Schueler, Arnold Zweig ("Ritualmord funny sketches. One of them personified a in Ungarn"), and Paul Kornfeld. Oscar Guide through the Imperial Castle, the Hrad­ Actors in Auditorium shin, in Prague, an irresistible take-off of the Kokoschka contributed two one-act plays which Czech-Bohemian idiom. Another was a potted "Danton" was a challenge which was taken proved too much even for the avant-garde in Version of Schiller's "Don Carlos", first as a up and triumphantly overcome. First Georg the auditorium, and he harangued his hissing Parody of the naturalistic style of the young Buechner's kaleidoscopic dance of death, adversaries across the footlights. Gerhart Hauptmann ("Karle, eine Diebsko- written by a titanic genius of twenty-odd, The choice of the name "Junges Deutsch­ nioedie") and then as a medley of quotations while waiting to be arrested for his revolu­ land" for the enterprise was no accident. It from Schiller, strung together with effects tionary activities. Here for the first time Max was a deliberate reference to the politically certainly not intended by the poet and not Reinhardt used the technique of enveloping committed writer of an awakening Germany of always hittin/i above the belt—a rumbustious the audience into the action by scattering the nineteenth century, and it heralded the travesty as put on by strolling ham-actors. actors throughout the auditorium and making Weimar Republic to come. The Society pub­ them interrupt the goings on, hectoring and lished a monthly magazine—edited by Arthur Max Reinhardt entered into the culture of yelling. "Danton" by Romain Rolland, pro­ Kahane and Heinz Herald—and two folders 'he German speaking part of Central Europe duced in the Grosse Schauspielhaus, brought of Graphic Art. Besides, considerable amounts Without difficulty from the parental back­ of cash gifts and stipendia were disbursed. ground of a small community in that corner this technique to perfection, abolishing the °i the "Dual-Monarchy", where, not always in stage as it were. As the theatre had been con­ Max Reinhardt's never-ending quest for new narmony, Germans (among them a fiercely verted from a circus, there was no proscenium, horizons led to an experiment undertaken German-orientated Jewish element), Magyars the audience was grouped in the round, thus together with Hugo von Hofmannsthal—the and Slovaks lived together under the lengthen- fusing spectators and mob into one. "St. Joan", presentation of the mystery play of "Jeder­ JDg shadow of the dissolving Austro-Hungarian Shaw's deepest and most complete play, was mann" in front of Salzburg's Cathedral. What *|mpire. For the young man, who aspired to also one of Max Reinhardt's greatest achieve­ in the beginning had a haunting effect, with the stage, the way led through the usual cir- ments, all of the stage becoming a world. the cry for the poor soul of the rich man "^nit from one provincial theatre to another At the end of a performance, after the last echoing from spire to spire throughout the ^ld finally to Vienna. However, from there curtain had fallen and risen again with the Cathedral square, later inevitably became com­ beckoned the glittering prize of Berlin. The actors on stage, there stood the small, slight mercialised as a tourist attraction. ^ed capital by the Danube did not hold the figure of the magician-in-chief, self-effacing, Perhaps the most characteristic example of ?^nie challenge as the brash and forward push­ the leonine head inclined, almost shy. Hailed Max Reinhardt's way of working was his pro­ ing metropolis by the Spree. and acclaimed he seemed curiously untouched. duction of Pirandello's "Sechs Personen At such a moment the production ceased to suchen einen Autor". This mirror within mir­ It was his good fortune that he had by his interest its creator. It had become the past, Ide two friends and helpers: his brother rors, commedia dell'arte but contemporary and while he was living in the present and plan­ with a psychological background which recedes *'flmund, who relieved him of the worries ning for the future. t>out the daily accounts, and Arthur Kahane, the nearer one gets, showed the Six Charac­ the On the other hand, as long as things were ters as directed and indeed presented by Max gentle polyhistor, dramaturg and literary in a flux and a play was gradually taking Reinhardt. More than this, they were six *|Ckehardt. Within the space of two decades, shape. Max Reinhardt did not have any rest. ^tween the outbreak of the First World War times Reinhardt with every step laid down, j'^d the cataclysm of Germany's moral col- every word's nuance fixed to perfection. The Pse into barbarism, he and his circle wove a climax was the casting of the theatre direc­ .agic spell cf unforgettable theatre happen­ tor of the play: Max Pallenberg, the greatest ings. Elka Couture actor and cornic of his generation. Uncannily looking like Max Reinhardt, Pallenberg A ^- ^^^tres were a home for Shakespeare. showed the actors on stage how to play their Of v^^summer Night's Dream", where a forest parts in the Reinhardt way. Illusion blending y *hree-dimensional trees appeared on a re- E. HORNIK LTD. into reality. iving stage with constantly changing vistas. Q.°!^antically and in harmony, to the strains When trying to find a word that sums up Jf Mendelssohn's music, in a world which tore our feelings of gratitude and admiration, our th • ^° pieces. Tragedies and comedies found Elsely House mind goes back to Max Reinhardt's produc­ . ?n- place in a varying and colourful reper- tion of "Hamlet", and there can be no more tn^^' ^^'rt to Shakespeare obviously the Ger- 24/30 Gt. Titchfield Street fitting tribute to him than the slightly para­ jj*a classics, Goethe, Schiller, Kleist. Among phrased final lines of the play. After more than five decades one can still hear them "Ja? °^^ °^ ^^^ ^^^^ attempts by Goethe, Loncion, W.l being spoken in the clarion-like voice of the jfg^'^rktsfest in Plundersweilern", an anim- young Conrad Veidt as Fortinbras. Let them sjj ° "twopenny coloured", with the puppet Telephone: 01-580 3448/9/0 A(LT "^ Qu^^n Esther and the wicked Haman. be the epitaph: jj^trian earthy humour was represented by "He's proved himself most royally. '^unund's "Rappelkopf", and Richard Beer- Go, bid the soldiers shoot." Page 6 AJR INFORMATION September, 1973

Egon Larsen Stance, is Kurt Hiller, who complained that the German-language press (Prager Tagblatt, Bohemia) completely ignored the refugees in its panicky fear of Hitler and Henlein. What THEATRE IN EXILE rubbish ! Nearly all refugee writers were wel­ come as contributors, and many of us earned our living on the democratic German-language We played in a little old house in Hamp­ The latest publication in this field is a sub­ papers. Nor does Wachter mention the Prague stead, loaned to us by the Church of England, stantial volume by Hans-Christof Wachter on Urania, which gave anti-Nazi artists a chance on a makeshift stage three metres wide and the German theatre in exile during the Hitler to play German-language theatre. two deep. Throughout the war, we produced period,'* based on his thesis which was accepted half a dozen revues, specially written and com­ by the Lehrstuhl fiir Theaterwissenschaft at posed for the purpose, and a dozen or so plays Cologne University. The publishers have pre­ Position in War-Time England by authors with big names, from Kleist to faced the book with these lines : Brecht. We did it with a minimum of means It is, however, England where the authors and money—to call our facilities modest would " The German literature in exile moves increasingly into the centre of interest of information is particularly at variance with be an exaggeration. We did it because an actor a new literary historiography. How come ? our own experiences. His statement that " the must act, a writer write, a composer create Exile literature has become a model for greater part of the refugees arriving after music; because it was a challenge; because inter-disciplinary research. For without the 1938 came from Austria and Czechoslovakia there was a need: the need for uplift and political background of the circumstances of is surely incorrect; so is this sentence : " The entertainment, for communication and laugh­ production and of the history of reception, the German literature in exile during the decentralisation of the refugees over the whole ter, for optimism in the darkest years of our country (i.e., Britain) resulted in giving the lifetime, for a reflection of our common situa­ 1933-1945 period would remain largely unintelligible." London group not such a decisive role as that tion on the stage. It was a need felt, without which, say. New York had as a refugee centre doubt, by most of the German refugees. They Thus the book, probably typical of much that for the U.S.A. Therefore (!), the activities ot responded by coming to our Kulturbund is now being written and published on the the refugee theatres remained limited to a theatre, through blackout and fog, undeterred subject, tackles it mainly from the political relatively modest area, namely that of prO" by the air-raid sirens and by the warning and sociological angle. With its 630 footnotes ductions in clubs and associations." In fact, voices that it was merely a Communist " front " it leaves no documentary stone unturned, no we played within the framework of clubs m organisation. To be sure, there were Commu­ contemporary paper unused. It lists a host order to escape the censorship and the enter­ nists ; others were just artists, Jews, refugees. of data about productions and participants, tainment tax and London was undoubtedly the It was short of a miracle that these people quotes reviews and memoirs, assesses the centre of the refugees' cultural activities, be­ turned up regularly and reliably for what changing political conditions of refugee life ; cause it was here that most of them lived. they believed to be their (almost unpaid) duty, in short, it tells you a great deal, except what after a day of work in a cold factory or at it was really like. Wachter lists every one-night performance the sink of a cafe, after a hasty meal cooked or reading of plays by Brecht, Friedrich WoU> on a gas ring, to crowd into the tiny make-up Toller and so on at the Kulturbund and tne room and get ready for the evening's perform­ Insufficient Background Knowledge Austrian Latemdl, without making the po^^ ance. Perhaps it would not be saying too much that both theatres played their own revues that for many, on both sides of the footlights, But then, how could such an academic work almost continuously throughout the war. (H® that little theatre was the only speck of light be otherwise—written three or four decades is also hazy about nationalities—the late Martin in the gloom of those war years. afterwards without the direct experience of Miller, for instance, is called, on the same time and place, compiled from mountains of page, once a German and once an Austrian And now, believe it or not, we've become other printed sources ? Herr Wachter was born history. We were representatives of German actor.) The really important production, i» in 1940 (we were then just about embarking July-August 1939, of the " Four-and-Twenty culture, practically extinct in the Third Reich. on our first revue in Hampstead, wondering We were part of a worldwide effort to keep Black Sheep", which ran for a fortnight at where to get a leading man as one actor after the Arts Theatre and gave the London audi­ German literature and the German theatre, the other was being interned). Louis Naef, driven into exile by the Nazis and degraded ences and critics an idea of the cabaret as who contributes a special chapter of the Swiss political weapon in Central Europe, gets n at home, alive. Or so we are being told by pro­ theatre during the Nazi years, is even three fessors and students, historians and research mention, although nearly all British nation^ years younger. We may be old fogies to these papers wrote about it extensively. Wachte workers. We are, somewhat belatedly, in young research workers, but some of us aren't fashion. Universities are carrying out " pro­ merely speaks in passing about the "enter­ dead yet and might have filled in a few gaps tainment theatre ", namely cabaret and revues. jects " about us, theses are being written about or given an eyewitnesses' account, had they us, exhibitions organised, books published all ignores their political, anti-Nazi role, an asked us, as many of the other students of the explains that we played such home-made Pf ' over the world. The University of Hamburg German exile theatre have done. Wouldn't has its Arbeitsstelle fiir deutsche Exilliteratur grammes in order to save the money ^hic Edward Gibbon, for instance, have jumped at the copyrights of " contemporary plays " v^t" ^ under Professor Wolffheim. The State Univer­ the opportunity of interviewing a survivor sity of New York publishes the work done have cost us. In fact, every author and ag^n from the days of the Roman Empire — had we asked for permission—including Priestley-' by its Department of German Language and there been one—for his " Decline and Fall " ? Literature on playwrights and theatres in exile. waived their fees where refugee performance The Deutsche Akademie der Kiinste in East So Wachter's book, with all its profusion of were concerned. This may sound trifling, ° Berlin, in association with the Humboldt Uni­ documentation and footnotes, does not really it illustrates the sympathetic attitude towarn* versity, helps an English student to compile, get to grips with the extraordinary and unique us refugee artists on the part of our Engus as his doctor's thesis, a comprehensive work phenomenon of the German exile theatre, with colleagues: Wachter misses that significa on the " German Exile Theatre in Great the human condition of the men and women point. Britain". Dr. Werner Roder of the Institut who brought it to life. As to the facts—perhaps What a pity that such a substantial book^ fiir Zeitgeschichte in Munich collects docu­ they are correct regarding France, North and which no doubt will in its turn serve as ments on the same subject for various publica­ Latin America, the Soviet Union, Scandinavia source for future writers, gets things so ^ro""^ tions. Professor Huder organises an exhibition or even Shanghai. As to conditions in Prague, But fortunately a great number of the o^ in Berlin. Professor Walter A. Berendsohn in which many of us knew as the first stop on research workers who are now busy w"^^ t,e Stockholm has been working for years on the our emigration route, one cannot quite agree about that fashionable subject have taken " history of German literature in exile. These with the author; one of his sources, for in- trouble of pushing their mountains of P^P^j are just a few of the innumerable efforts to aside and digging up us old fossils to ^^^.y save that period of German literary history * Hans-Christof Wachter, Theater Im Exil: Sozial- what things were really like. The story »* gescftichte des deutschen Exiltheaters 1933-1945 (Carl from oblivion. Hanser Verlag, Munich, 1973. 298 pp DM 28.). yet come out right.

BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE INTERNtERUNGSLAQER BECHSTEIN STEINWAY BLUTHNEP 51 Belslic Square, London, N.W.S Ich kaufe saubere Karten und Umschiaoe Finest selection reconditioned PIANOS SYNAGOGUE SERVICES mil klaren Stempein aus Intemierunaa- Always interested in purchasing are held regularly on the Eve of Sabbath lagern: z.B. aus Jamaica, Rhodesien well-preserved instruments. Mauritius usw., von 1914-19 und 193&-45 and Festivals at 6.30 p.m. and on the day Angebote mlt Vorlage erbeten an : JAQUES SAMUEL PIANOS LTD- at 11 a.m. PMcr C. IUck«*Kk. 142 Edgware Road, W.2 ALL ARE CORDIALLY INVITED 14 Renin mil. LMAM. NWB if*. Tel.: 723 8818/9. AJR INFORMATION September, 1973 Page 7

Mendelssohns, the author writes, were the most important private banking house in ACROSS FIVE GENERATIONS Germany or at least stood only little below the Rothschilds and the Oppenheims. The economic uprise was linked with an unequalled A Mendelssohn Publication social standing. Under the monarchy ithey were among the "Kaiserjuden", though Emperor Hanover Terrace, the beautiful Nash building industrialist. A pioneer in the field of the William II "who liked to take it the easy facing Regents Park, still stands. But if, one production of dyeing material, he was the co- way," declared that he considered BalMn and <^ay, it should fall the victim to the develop- founder of AGFA. The letters which were Franz Mendelssohn "not at aU as Jews". Under ?nent craze, we shall still be able to get an written to him during the campaign were kept the Weimar Republic, the remnants of the Idea of what it looked like, for a beautiful in his saddle-bag, which ultimately came into monarchistic society met in the house of sketch of it may be seen at the Bodleian the possession of the Mendelssohn-Gesellschaft. Dirksen, and part of the Republican society in Library, Oxford. The artist is not an English Most relatives were Christians by religion but that of the banker Schwabach. "It was in keep­ painter but a German composer—Felix almost without exception of full Jewish origin. ing with the style of Mendelssohn to stay Mendelssohn. On the occasion of his concert Their letters mirror the unreserved conviction aloof of such stratifications and neither to deny tours in Britain he liked to visit the then rural of having torn down all barriers which, one his remembrance of his family's connection surroundings of Regents Park to see his or two generations before, separated Jews with the House of Hohenzollem nor to give triends, the three sisters Alexander, who from their environment. They felt entitled to any reasons for doubting his identification with occupied Nr. 14 Hanover Terrace. A vivid this attitude because as artists, politicians, the young Republic." The last chapter des­ description of Mendelssohn's relationship with civil servants and industrialists, they had cribes the negotiations between the partner the three sisters and, for that matter, of his reached the apex. A relative by marriage was Rudolf Loeb and the Director of the Deutsche Joyful but strenuous sojourns in his beloved Eduard von Simson, and in a matter-of-fact Bank, Hermann Abs, in 1938, which resulted London is given by Boyd Alexander, a des­ way, one letter reports that, with more success in the liquidation of the firm and the transfer cendant of the three sisters' brother, in the than in 1849, "Onkel Eduard" had offered the of its 94 employees to the Deutsche Bank. This J]ecently published first volume of the Imperial Crown to the King of Prussia. Yet dignified way of bringing the work of the Mendelssohn-Studien"*. On one of these we also learn from one letter that "Reichen­ firm to its end was preferred to the more ^its Felix was accompanied by his father, heim had not been proposed to the Officers Corps, probably because of his religion". usual "aryamsation". ^braham, who had the misfortune of a bad The book also includes an essay by *all. In a letter to his wife, Abraham describes A sister of Dr. P^ul Mendelssohn was mar­ Alexander Altmann about "Das Menschenbild the care the three sisters were taking of ried to the Professor of Law, Adolf Wach wiho, nach Moses Mendelssohn", showing the wealth ^mi. Alluding to the Scottish origin of their apart from being an outstanding jurist, also of thought and the beauty of language by lamLly he writes: "They are more direct took a great interest in music. The book which the philosopher excelled. "Man has been Jlescendants of some Scottish king of yore carries an article, illustrated by several letters, created," Moses Mendelssohn liked to say, "to Jj^an I am of Schaul Wohl, the one night's which shows his understanding of and loving search for truth, to love beauty, to aim at ^ing of Poland". (Saul Wahl was an ancestor care for Max Reger who, being averse to com­ goodness, and to do the best." **' Moses Mendelssohn.) promises, did not have an easy life. Life in the wide family circle of the next The work concludes with a list, compiled by feneration of the Mendelssohns is reflected in Whilst each of the articles mentioned so Rudolf Elvers, of autographs of Fanny Hensel's "e letters which Felix's son Paul received far centres around one particular member of compositions deposited in the Mendelssohn *nen he served as a lieutenant with the the family, the development of the banking Archives in Berlin. It is enhanced by family "ghting forces during the Prussian-Franco war house of Mendelssohn from its early be­ portraits, facsimiles and an aquarelle of Felix ?t 1870/71. Paul Mendelssohn, who was born ginnings at the end of the 18th century to Mendelssohn, painted by an unknown artisit "1 1841 and like his father died at the eariy its liquidation in 1938, is described in the com­ Shortly before tbe composer's death. ^^ of 38, was a successful chemist and prehensive 50-page article by Professor The well laid out publication is introduced Wilhelm Treue. In ithe middle of the 19th and annotated by the editor, Cecile Lowenthal- Mandainotin-StiidiMi. Beitraege zur neueren deutschen Hensel, whose achievement augurs well for Q^^uitur—und Wirtschaltsgeschichte. Fuer die Mendelssohn- century, when the sons of the founder brothers, ISn^i'schafl herausgegeben von C6cite Lowenthal-Hensel Alexander Mendelssohn aod Paul Mendelssohn- further volumes of the Mendelssohn-Studien. 19??1970 : ;? S. Kunstdrucktafeln. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin. DM 29. Bartholdy, were heads of the firm, the W. ROSENSTOCK DUNBEE-COMBEX-MARX HOUSE OF HALLGARTEN HERTIE LTD. 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Herbert Freeden punishment of Germany Ludwig went even further than the "Morgenthau-Plan" whicn advocated a complete dismantling of German industry, and he fiercely demanded that no 25 YEARS AFTER EMIL LUDWIG'S Jew should ever set foot on German soil. On two occasions, Ludwig made forceful pleas for the Jewish people: on a "German DEATH Day" in New York in 1936, he movingly tolo a huge audience the story of humiliation The life of Emil Ludwig, who died 25 years Lloyd George, Venezuelos, Hindenburg, Wil­ and suffering of German Jewry; and in nis ago in Ascona at the age of 67, mirrors to helm II and Mackenzie King were among the book "The Davos Murder" (Methuen, London, some extent the fate of German Jewry of subjects of his essays, and his historical por­ 1937), written in defence of David FranK" which he was a part. Alienated from Judaism traits included Lincoln, Lassalle, Napoleon, furter, the Jewish student who a year before he retumed to the fold although he came Michelangelo, Rembrandt, Beethoven and had shot a Nazi agent by the name of WU- from far—he had heen baptised—and his re­ Cleopatra. Most controversial was "Son of Man: helm Gustloff in Davos. turn brought him only half-way home. the Story of Jesus"; the widest circulation Ludwig narrated with love and tenderness Ludwig, called the most "cosmopolitan" was attained by "July 1914" where he attri­ the childhood of David Frankfurter whose among contemporary writers, introduced into butes to Germany the responsibility for the father was a rabbi in Serbia. "Is not Friday literature a then daring form of portrayal First World War. night full of signs of wonders?" he exclaimeo which has become known as "psychological There were two turning points in his life: in a minute description of the atmosphere biography" and thus opened new vistas into the one when Walter Rathenau was murdered and the rituals. "The life of a practising Je^ the study of the "great." His brilliant style in 1922 and Ludwig left demonstratively the is brimful of forms and formulas but he liye and artistic temperament made his biographies Christian faith "to be with his Jewish brethren unceasingly near to God." Although Jewisn famous in nineteen languages. in their hour of trial"; and the other, ten ethics forbid murder even out of the P^^^t, To facilitate the academic career of his son, years later, when he met Mussolini. The motives, he expounded—"and as a pious Jew his father Hermann Ludwig Cohn, a celebrated shrewd Italian dictator hoped to gain from David was guilty because he felt hinisel Jewish oculist in Breslau, adopted for him the an interpretation of his personality by the guilty"—he called upon the court to show sumame Ludwig. Until the outbreak of the influential writer and he received Emil Lud­ mercy, by unfolding the dimensions of tn First World War, Emil Ludwig lived the wig as if he were one of the great powers on Jewish tragedy to a world which was the secluded life of a writer of belle-lettres and earth. Ludwig's weakness for personages of mesmerised by Hitler's successes. . romantic sonnets. Only during the years 1914- "calibre" and, no less, his vanity fell victim By now Ludwig's works are largely forgo' 1918, when he roamed the capitals of Europe to these flatteries, and in his book on Musso­ ten and it is doubtful whether they will ever as a journalist, did he develop his penetrating lini he tried very cleverly to make Italian be rediscovered, as it happened to some otne power to analyse men and events. His first fascism tasty to liberal palates. He did not German-Jewish writers of the pre-Hitler day- biography, published in 1920, shocked the even refrain, some years later, from white­ One of Ludwig's later books bears the titj conservative historians and became a best­ washing Italy's invasion of Ethiopia—a fact for "The Mediterranean." In the year 1932 he to ° seller overnight: "Goethe: the History of a which, e.g., the Dutch never forgave him and a reporter of the London Jewish Chronici Man." which made it impossible for him to hold a that he considered himself a European who Studies followed of the living and the dead, lecture tour in Holland in 1945. was attracted by the Mediterranean, ",^ i^t of geniuses and charlatans, of the famous and Ludwig became a Swiss citizen and spent stems from the fact that I am a Jew." ^.^ infamous, and to be interviewed by Emil Lud­ the Second World War in the United States. this attraction, too, was lost half-way and " wig seemed like an admission into the pan­ His merciless pen was feared by the Nazis not extend to the eastem shore. "I, "* theon of immortality. Roosevelt, Stalin, who hated him most of all emigrant writers. visited Palestine", he admitted, "yet it Nansen, Masaryk, Briand, Rathenau, Freud, He returned this hatred, and in his proposed mained remote to me."

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LUGGAGE • VK. \3. INSTALLATIONS) k I V. HANDBAGS. UMBRELLASAND ALL LEATHER GOODS 199b Beltiz* Road, N.W.6 TRAVEL GOODS 624 2646/328 2646 H. FUCHS Electrical Contractors & Stocldsts 267 VMtt Entf Lane. N.W.S of all Electrical Appliances OFFICIALLY APrOINTID HOOVm 'Phone 435 2602 SCRVICE DCAUMS Page 10 AJR INFORMATION September, 197$ THE ISRAELI SCENE Obituary PREMIER ON UNDERPRIVILEGED "NAHARIA-SCHULE" IN TEMPELHOF LADY READING Mrs. Golda Meir, the Premier, addressing Eva, Marchioness of Reading, C.B.E., died On the occasion of a visit of a delegation on August 14 at the age of 78. She was the delegates of the Pioneer Women's Organisation from Naharia to its "twin" borough of Berlin- in Jemsalem, called for a narrowing of the daughter of the first Lord Melchett (Alfred Tempelhof, a school in the Tempelhof district Mond) and the widow of the second Marquis gap between the different sections of Israeli of Lichtenrade was named "Naharia-Schule". society and for the overcoming of poverty. She of Reading, Minister of State for Foreign At the official ceremony, the Deputy Mayor of Affairs, 1953-1957. Her mother was _ a urged that there should be a re-examination of Naharia, Sigi Keren, welcomed the steadily the values handed down in every Israeli home. Christian and she was brought up in that faith. increasing contacts between the two boroughs When she was 27, and after a joumey to Eretz Speaking in a debate on the report of the but also stressed the need of making the young commission on under-privileged youth, Mrs. Israel with her father, her Jewish roots generation of Germans aware of the happen­ asserted themselves and, in 1933, she was Meir told the Knesset that, apart from security, ings under the Nazi regime and of the dangers no topic was more in need of urgent Govern­ formally converted to Judaism. From then on, arising from any discrimination for reasons of she embarked on Zionist and other Jewisn ment attention than the socially deprived colour, origin or religion. sections of Israel's population. activities and soon became a leading figure in Jewish life. She was President of the British SPORTS CENTRE IN MEMORY OF MACCABIAH Section of the World Jewish Congress and a MUNICH VICTIMS The Ninth Maccabiah Games were begun member of its World Executive. She also took at the Ramat Gan Stadium with a capacity an active part in the work for the Jewisn A number of countries are forming support­ crowd of 50,000. The 1,800 competitors from refugees from Nazi Germany. She is survivea ing committees to sponsor the building of a 27 countries marched into the floodlit arena, by a son and two daughters. £1 million sports centre in Ra'anana, near Tel with table-tennis player Jeff Ingber leading Aviv, in memory of the eleven Israeli Olympic the British contingent of 110 athletes and MRS. LILI CZECH sportsmen murdered by Black September ter­ officials. A 1,000-strong children's choir enter­ Mrs. Lili Czech, widow of Dr. Ludwig Czech, rorists in Munich last September. tained the spectators. who from 1920 to 1938 was leader of the Ger­ Dutch-born Mrs. Ankie Spitzer-de Jong, the At the memorial service held for the eleven man Social Democrats in Czechoslovakia ana widow of Andre Spitzer, the Ramat Gan fenc­ Israeli Olympic sportsmen massacred in from 1929 to 1938 member of the CzechoslovaK ing instructor who was one of the victims, Munich last September, a flame was kindled Govemment, died in Vienna on July 2 in her initiated plans for building the centre. Full as the name of each victim was recited. 87th year. support has also been promised by the West Since her marriage in her native Bruenn German Olympic Committee. DEATH OF ARYE L. PINCUS (Brao) in 1906, she was not only her husbands DISPLACED PERSONS Mr. Arye L. Pincus, the chairman of the closest companion but, as a remarkable World Zionist Organisation and the Jewish woman in her own right, did a great deal m The villagers of Baram and Ikrit near the Agency, died suddenly in Jerusalem at the social welfare, mainly for working-class Lebanese border, who were evacuated for age of 61. He came to Israel from South children. In 1942 she and her husband were security reasons during Israel's War of Africa in 1948 and, from 1949 to 1956. as deported to Theresienstadt where he died after Independence, staged a fast in Jemsalem to head of El Al laid the foundation for what a few months. Miraculously Lili Czech over­ call attention to the Israeli Government's is today an outstanding airline and one of came the ordeal comparatively well. She came refusal to allow them to return. Archbishop Israel's major achievements. In 1961 he be­ to England in 1948 and lived here until 197'i- Raya, the head of Israel's Greek Catholic com­ came the treasurer of the Jewish Agency This kind and, even in her old age, beautiful munity, said at the demonstration opposite and thereafter became the founder and execu­ woman will be mourned by her many frieno* the Knesset that the protest was aimed par­ tive chairman of the reconstituted Jewish all over the world. J.W-i*- ticularly at Israel's use of emergency regula­ Agency, embracing the World Zionist move­ tions for the prohibition. Initiated when Jews ment and the leaders of the various Israel KAREL ANCERL were the victims, now the Arabs of Baram and appeals. He succeeded Moshe Sharett in 1965 The conductor, Karel Ancerl, died in Toronto Ikrit are the victims, he said. as chairman of the World Zionist executive. at the age of 65. He was bom in Bohemia ano The Govemment decided not to allow the A member of the World Jewish Congress started his career in Prague. During tne villagers to retum so as not to set a precedent leadership group, he was elected chairman of Second World War he was a prisoner in which could be used by other people displaced Cojo (World Conference of Jewish Organisa­ Theresienstadt, where he managed to save during Israel's War of Independence. tions). his life by arranging opera performances.

FAMILY EVENTS Deaths WIDOWER, semi-retired, requires ELDERLY LADY, medium chess a lady aged between 40 and 50 as player looks for partner, lady °^ Entries in the column Family Ehrenberg.—Mrs. Eva Ehrenberg, cook-housekeeper for modem, gentleman. Box 353. Events are free of charge. Texts nee Sommer, of 112 Fitzjohn's pleasant, easy mnning 2-bedroom Avenue, N.W.3, died peacefully on SMALL ORIENTAL RUGS ex­ should be sent in by the 15th of flat in Wembley Park. Near Under­ August 17. Deeply moumed by all ground. Box 354. pertly repaired. Please phone oe the month. her family and friends. tween 10.30 a.m. and 2.30 P-^' Situations Wanted only 01-435 9806. Birth Fenton.—On August 17, after an ALTERATIONS OF DRESSES, illness bravely bome, Herta FOREIGN AND ENGLISH C()INS etc., undertaken by ladies on our wanted. High prices paid. Ph""'' Jacobs.—On July 29, a son, Adrian (Frankie), of Bayswater, London, register. Phone: AJR Employment Marc Simon, was bom to Susan friend of the late Emst Dyrenfurth. Agency, 01-624 4449. 01-455 8578, after 6 p.m. (nee Falk) and David Jacobs, of 103 Harrowes Meade, Edgware, Rosenbaum.—Mrs. Elsie Rosen­ NURSING COMPANION. Middle- Personal Middlesex. (A grandson for Dr, baum, nee Jacobus, of 221, Hamp­ aged Continental lady seeks post. MIDDLE-AGED MODEB^ and Mrs. Frank E. Falk and Mrs. stead Way, London, N.W.ll Daily or hourly. Box 356. WIDOW seeks the friendship oi Nannette Sprengers.) (formerly Hamburg), passed away Accommodation Vacant gentleman in his 60s for po' on August 8 after a long illness. panionship or eventual marriaK • Engagement Deeply mourned by her husband, GOLDERS GREEN. Large, newly Box 351. children, relatives and friends, who decorated bedsitting-room, c h, Wiener-Goldwhite.—We are happy will sadly miss her. h and c; use of garden and colour WIDOWER, 65, 5ft. 4ins. Vienna' to announce the engagement of television available to really nice born. Accountant. Indepenae' Stephen, son of Hans and Gerda and pleasant person who is easy Flat and car owner, seeks sine Wiener, of 115 The Vale, London, to live with, with full or partial lady 55-60, smart, intellj& N.W.ll, to Melanie, daughter of CLASSIFIED board at a token rent. Box 355. attractive, domesticated, 'j^jp Jack and Natalie Goldwhite (and N.W. London or near. Friendsw the late David Shure), of 10 Sid- The charge in these columns is NICE ROOM, centrally heated, use initially. Details, photo, telepno" mouth Road, London, N.W.2. 15p for five words. of kitchen, in private house, quiet Box 352. street, N.W.2. Please phone 452 7081. Situations Vacant CHANGE OF ADDRESS Miscellaneous Women EXCLUSIVE FUR REPAIRS In order to ensure that you AND RESTYLING. All kinds of ROSEMOUNT GUEST HOUSE receive your copy of "AJR THE AJR EMPLOYMENT fur work undertaken by first-class Excellent food. Colour J}'- AGENCY needs part-time Home- renovator and stylist, many years' Central heating. Large ga'°^'' Information" regularly.please helps (shopping/cooking), com­ experience and best references. Inform us immediately of any panions and attendants for the Phone 01452 5867, after 5 p.m. 17 Parsifal Road, London. change of address. elderly who require personal assis­ for appointment. Mrs. F. Philipp, N.W.6 tance. Please telephone: 01-624 44 EUesmere Road, Dollis Hill 4449 for an appointment. London, N.W.IO. Tel.: 01-435 5856 * 8565 AJR INFORMATION September, 1973 Page 11 PROFESSOR MAX HORKHEIMER Professor Max Horkheimer, philosopher and IN MEMORIAM sociologist, died in a Nuremberg hospital at the age of 78. He was one of the most out­ KARL ADLER RABBI DR. ERNST APPEL standing Jewish personalities in post-war Germany. For those who attended the first Rabbi Dr. Emst Appel died in St. Louis, ."Wir haben ein Haeusle mit Garten an Congress of "Germania Judaica" in Cologne U.S.A., on June 9, at the age of 89. Until his in 1960, it was an unforgettable event to listen emem kleinem Platz unweit New York emigration in 1937, he was for eleven years gekauft", wrote Karl Adler from Leonia (New to his fascinating lecture in which he reported rabbi at Dortmund, and previously for 16 years that, according to his research in the U.S.A., Jersey) in 1971, one year after his 80th birth­ rabbi at Bingen. day, enclosing a sketch of his newly acquired those who had undergone a thorough study On both his parents' sides Dr. Appel was of psychology combined with sociology had property. Now this outstanding musical peda­ the descendant of rabbinical families. His gogue from Buttenhausen in Svabia, to whom been most immune against all sorts of maternal ancestors, the Willstaetters, were, racialism. the word "Haeusle" still came easier than the during the last century, pioneers of the Liberal term "bungalow", has passed away. His death Born in Stuttgart as the son of an indus­ Jewisii movement in the Grand Duchy of trialist, he was a co-founder of the Institute JS moumed by an extraordinarily large num­ Baden whose liberal political climate fostered ber of pupils and admirers. Adler's activities for Social Research in Frankfurt a.M., and similar attitudes in the religious sphere. His became its director in 1930 after the death of ^s a musician and organiser in Germany were great-grandfather, Ephraim Willstaetter (1761- not limited to Stuttgart and Wuerttemberg, Professor Carl Graenberg. When the Nazis 1829), was the first rabbi in Baden to give a came to power he escaped to Switzerland on and his creative work in the United States. sermon in the German language. His grand­ '•Viiere 25 further successful and happy years the moming of February 27, 1933, after having father, Benjamin Willstaetter, for 48 years been warned by a friend of the late Ernst ot activity were granted to him, resulted in (until 1895) served as chief rabbi in Karlsruhe, •^ew bonds of friendship. Niekisch that something extraordinary was a position in which he was succeeded by his due to happen; that same evening the Reich­ Until 1933, Adler took a leading part in the son-in-law. Dr. Mayer Appel, the father of |dult education movement of Wuerttemberg. stag was on fire and 5,000 people were arrested Emst. in Berlin alone. "e was teacher, singer, conductor and com­ Steeped in the liberal tradition of his fore­ poser rolled into one. His particular interest The work of the Institute was continued fathers. Dr. Appel was an active member of first in Geneva, then in Paris and finally in *as the promotion of community singing. In the World Union of Progressive Judaism. He 1922 he was appointed Director of the Stutt- New York. Horkheimer's periodical "Zeit­ travelled widely and addressed many organisa­ schrift fuer Sozialforschung" carried on in Sart Conservaton' of Music. When the Nazis tions which work for closer Jewish-Christian ^ame to power he became head of the Stutt- German, because as he said, "as long as the understanding. During one of his visits to Nazis are in power German culture is not f^rt Juedische Kungstgemeinschaft. From London he was invited to preach at a Holy-day 1935 onwards he was also in charge of the preserved in Germany, but by us". Later he service in the West London Synagogue. also edited the "Studies in Prejudice" (five niusical department of the Mittelstelle fuer In the United States Dr. Appel occupied a juedische Erwachsenenbildung. In this capacity volumes) under the auspices of the American number of rabbinical posts and had reached Jewish Committee. ^ travelled all over Germany, arranging the age of 84 when he relinquished his last "Musical rallies for Jewish teachers and pupils In 1949 Horkheimer returned to Germany appointment at Jackson (Tennessee). He is because he wanted to help in the education ^s Well as for leaders and members of Jewish survived by his widow and one daughter, a youth organisations, "Lerntage" and discus- of the new German generation. He became second daughter having predeceased him last Professor of Philosophy and Sociology in won groups. "Even those who had never dared year. H.C.M. 0 sing because they considered themselves as Frankfurt, reopened the Institute for Social "inmusicar, soon noticed, to their own surprise, FRITZ SEGALL Research in 1950 and was Rector of the Uni­ nat they participated in the singing," writes versity from 1951-1953. The honours bestowed ^fnst Simon in his book "Aufbau im Unter- Mr. Fritz Segall died on August 2 at the on him included the Goethe Plaquette (1953) ^^J^.S—-Juedische Erwachsenenbildung im age of 71 after a long illness. Associated with and the Freedom of the City of Frankfurt . ationalsozialistischen Deutschland als geis- the Social Democratic movement in Germany (1960). l3f^, Widerstand" (Tuebingen 1959). Adler since his early youth, he was liaison officer When he retired in the 'sixties he spent j^t Germany for the United States as late as between the SPD and the British Labour Party most of his time in Montagnola (Tessin). The j.f*0. and it was not easy for him to strike and chairman of the Association of German last years of his life were clouded by tragedy: jjOts in a country whose language he then Social Democrats in Britain. Before 1933, in short sequence he lost his wife, his colleague j^|0 not know sufficiently. Yet he again made he was secretary of the Arbeiter-Radio-Funk and friend Professor Adorno, who died of a us way. At the age of 54 he passed his and editor of the Volksfunk, the official radio broken heart when his students tumed against Y?'?}'nation as Doctor of Music at the New journal of the SPD. After the Nazis had come him, and shortly afterwards his life-long ,OTk College of Music, and for many years to power, he worked with the "Juedische friend. Professor Friedrich Pollock. ^e Was Professor of Music at Yeshiva Univer- Kuenstlerhilfe" until he came to London In the 'twenties, Horkheimer was a Marxist, ^ and Head of its Music Department. shortly before the outbreak of war. In this and in his early thirties he regarded Marxism ^j^^ier's human reliability combined with an country, he held positions in the book and as the only force capable of stopping Hitler. lpi?*^n>assed proficiency in his vocation have publishing trade. Yet in the United States he gradually moved tn u^ lasting imoact on everybody who got Fritz Segall was an interested member of away from Marxism. On the other hand, the AJR and had close personal connections America's belief in technical progress as the " Know him. with many in our midst. We extend our decisive yardstick was equally loathsome to E. G. LOWENTHAL sympathies to his wife, Dora Segall, who was him. MR. BERNARD BNGLE associated with the Leo Baeck Institute for When he retumed to Germany the students many years and now renders her devoted wrongly assumed that he was an extreme The architect. Mr. Bemard Engle, FRIBA, services to our community as vice-chairman of Marxist and this led to fatal misunderstandings bu^ntly died at the age of 71. Born in Ham- the AJR Club. between them and him. In Horkheimer's view tp^S, where his father practised as an archi- mankind was not on the road to freedom but Lonri ^^^* Germany in 1935 and settled in DR. HANS A. EINSTEIN approaching a system of administration for Cent '^" ^^ ^^^ responsible for several town Dr. Hans Albert Einstein, only son of the its own sake, divested of spirit, soul, imagi­ (lev 1 themes and for the new shopping late Professor Albert Einstein, died in Fal­ nation, morality, kindness and religion. Cf^^'opments now under construction at Brent mouth. Massachusetts, U.S.A., at the age of 69. Unlike most other well-known retumees of Pk ^ and Lewisham. He also designed the He was professor emeritus in civil engineer­ Jewish descent, Horkheimer joined the Jewish Bkh ^^ *^^^ Homes for Elderly Jews at The ing at Califomia University and was for some congregation first in Frankfurt, later in Beme. Hoi, ^^ Avenue. Leo Baeck House, Osmond time special adviser to the U.S.A. Department Jewish tradition again meant very much to him. "Se and Hammerson House. of Agriculture. HANS JAEGER

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SCHWARZ B_ TIU: SI.722 22B1 11 Fenstanton Avenue, 77 St. Gabriel's Road. London, N.W.2. ^••itlfuiiy appointed—all modem 871 Finchley Rd., Golders Green, Tel.: 4S2 4029 London, N.12 N.W.11 (next to Post Office) Exautsitely furnished rooms for visltorv ' .- comforts. Tel.: 01-445 0061 and permanent guests. 01-455 8673 Central heating. TV. Radios. Garden. Page 12 AJR INFORMATION September, 1973 Letters to the Editor Birthday Tributes GEDENKEN AN beschliessen als mit der mittelalterlichen PEREZ LESHEM 70 EINE FRUEHYERSTORBENE Synagoge unserer Stadt, die wieder zu Mr. Perez Leshem (formerly Fritz Lichten­ entdecken das bleibende Verdienst unseres stein) will be 70 on September 5. Born in Lore Salzberger-Wittenberg Heimatforschers, Prdlat Haas, ist. Sie ist die Chemnitz, he went to Palestine as early as alteste vollkommen erhalten gebliebene Syna­ 1926 and became a founder member of Kio- Vor einiger Zeit jdhrte sich zum zehnten Mal goge Deutschlands und jetzt ixber den Hof des der Todestag von Lore Salzberger-Wittenberg. butz Yagur. In 1931, the Hechalutz sent nita Elektrizitdtsgeschdftes Kuby, Rathausstrasse, back to Germany to organise training centres Ihre posthum unter dem Titel "Himmel und zu erreichen. . . .Der grosste Raum, der nahezu Erde" veroffentlichte Sammlung von Kunst- for chalutzim. His work gained momentuni, die Hdlfte der Gesamtanlage umfasst, war die when the Nazis came to power, and from then mdrchen wurde in " AJR Information " (Febru­ eigentliche Synagoge, die auf zwei Mittel- ary 1967) gewiirdigt. Das Bitch, das die Phan­ onwards Leshem. with his skill and organis­ pfeiler gestiitzt, von einem Gewolbe iiberdeckt ing abilities, took a leading part in the worK tasie dieser wunderbaren Frau wiedergibt, hat vnrd, das sechs gleichmdssige flache Kuppeln einen unausloschlichen Eindruck auf mich aufweist. Der mittlere Raum, wohl immer mit for the rescue of young Jews. During the war, gemacht. Es sind eigentlich Gedichte in Prosa, flacher Decke ausgestattet, war die bekannte when he was based in Britain, he undertooK ein mdrchenartiges Erleben von Kindern, Schule, wdhrend der Frauenraum ^in Tonnen- a mission to Portugal and Spain, which cul­ Blumen und Tieren. Die Geschichten sind mit gewolbe zeigt und sich zur Synagoge nur durch minated in the organisation of a mass trans­ Anmut geschrieben, mit Liebe zur Natur und zwei vergitterte Fenster offnete. Der dem port of Jewish refugees to Palestine. He na» zu allem, was einst der Romantik als schdn Frauenraum vorgelegte Vorraum war der ein­ described this complicated operation in tne gait: Mond und Sterne, Blumen und Wind. zige Zugang zur Frauenabteilung. Er war 1969 Year Book of the Leo Baeck Institute. Ueber alien irdischen Gedanken schwebt das ausserdem fur die rituellen Waschungen der Some years after the vrar, Leshem ioinea Vertrauen auf eine hohere Lenkung, durch Frauen bestimmt." the Israeli diplomatic service as Consul in Kenntnis der Bibel und tiefe Beobachtung der London. Later, after several other appoint­ Natur gefestigt. Das Verstdndnis der kind- (Dr.) ALICE MEINHARD. ments, he became the first Consul General oi lichen Seele mit ihren Aengsten und Traumen Woodlands, Stockfield, Israel in Federal (Sermany. Though now in war ihr gegeben und eine freudige Bejahung Northumberland. retirement, he is still active in many spheres des Lebens befahigte sie, das Gute in der of Israeli life. Both he and his wife. Chava Welt deutlicher zu sehen als das Bose. CORA BERLINER REMEMBERED (nee Lappe), have many friends in this Margarete Su.sman schrieb in ihrer Einleitung, country, who extend their sincerest birthday dass der Stem, der mit diesem Leben erloschen The name of Cora Berliner, who held a greetings to Perez Leshem. ist, einer Kette kiinftiger Geschlechter leuchten leading position with the Reichsvertretung wird. and who perished during the Second World (Dr.) ELSE MEIDNER. War, is mentioned in a recently published ERICH GOTTGETREU 70 London, N.W.2. work by Dr. Heinrich August Winkler about "Mittelstand, Demokratie und Nationalsozialis­ The joumalist, Mr. Erich Gottgetreu, rC" Das Buch ist In England bei Mandarin Bool<8 Ltd., 3 New mus" (Kiepenheuer & Witsch 1972). Quoting cently celebrated his 70th birthday .|? College Parade, Finchley Road, N.W.S. Tel. 586 1692, und from the files of the Deutsche Zentralarchiv 22 Nottif>3 Hill Gate, W.11, Tel. 229 0327, erhaeWllch (El). in Potsdam, the author reports that Cora Jerusalem. Until 1933, he held positions with THE OLDEST PRESERVED SYNAGOGUE Berliner was in charge of writing the Govem­ the Social Democratic press in Germany' IN GERMANY ment draft of a statute for artisans (Reichs- among them the Luebecker Volksbote and the handwer kerordnung). Sozialdemokratische Pressedienst in Berlui- Sir,—With reference to your report about Cora Berliner was appointed a responsible the synagogue in Celle, the oldest preserved He went to Palestine immediately after the official of the Reich Ministry of Economics Nazis had come to power and succeeded i" synagogue m North-West Germany (your July. in 1919, when she was only 29 years old. The 1973 issue), your readers will be interested subject of her doctoral thesis was "The orga­ building up a new career for himself in tn to know that the oldest medieval Jewish place nisation of the Jewish youth in Germany". joumalistic sphere. For 20 years he was the of worship in Germany is the synagogue in Israeli representative of Associated Press, "e Neustadt an der Weinstrasse. Built in the INFORMATION REQUIRED thirteenth century and tucked away in a retired from this office in 1968 and since labyrinth of old hou.ses and courtyards, it Publishers C. Boas Nachf then has increased his work as a freelance escaped the attention of the Nazis and was contributor to various papers. AJR InformatiOT^ rediscovered in the early 1960s. In connection with research work on the has repeatedly benefited from his co-opera­ When we last visited Neustadt on one of history of the Jewish book trade in Germany information is required about the publishers tion, and only two months ago we publish^ our research trips through the German vine­ his lively reminiscences of Chancellor Brandt yards, we came across the description of this C. Boas Nachf., Berlin (last owner I. Gesang). synagogue in the book by Kurt Liesenberg, The inquirers are particularly interested to early days in Luebeck. Yet Erich Gottgetreu "Neustadt und die Deutsche Weinstrasse" learn whether the firm was re-established not only excels by the proficiency, knowledg (pp. 109-112), which proves that it is at least abroad and whether anybody could provide and independence which characterise his worK- 300 years older than the one in Celle. material about its latest history. Readers who He is, above all, a most amiable colleague- are able to help are requested to write to the I quote from Liesenberg's book: We extend our sincerest birthday wishes to " Wir kdnnen unsere A^lsfiihrungen iiber AJR which will provide them with further die dlteren Sakralbauten Neustadts nicht besser details of the inquiry. him.

FOR THE HIGH FESTIVALS BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE MACMSORIM, TALEISSIM. CAPS. THE DORICE AJR MEALS-ON-WHEELS 51 Balalza Squara, N.W.3 LUACHS 1971 1974 (10D carhl ALL RELIGIOUS REQUISITES Continental Cuisine—Licensed High Holy-Day Services Jewish and Hebrew Books 169a Finchley Road, N.W.3 SERVICE (at the Gaumont Slate Theatre, (also purchase) (624 6301) DO YOU ? High Road, Kllburn, N.W.6) M. SULZBACHER 4 SNEATH AVE.. GOLDERS GREEN Ra. PARTIES CATERED FOR Have a car? Rosh Hashanah: Eve 6.30 p.m. LONDON. N.W.II. 'Phone 455 1694 1st and 2nd Day: 9.30 a.m. Some fime to spare in the Kol Nldrel: 6.30 p.m. HIGHEST PRICES morning on either Yom Kippur: 10.00 a.m. B. L. WEISS Mondays-Wednesdays- For tickets of admission apply to the paid for Hon. Secretary, 51 Bstsize Square. Gentlemen's cast-off Clothing Fridays ? PRINTERS STATIONERS WE GO ANYWHERE, ANY TIME Children's Services WOULD YOU 7 Free o( Charge ST. ALBANS LANE • LONDON • NW11 S. DIENSTAG Join our team of voluntary at the Belsize Square Synagogue (01-272 4484) on both days of Rosh Hashanah Telephone: 01-458 3220 drivers who deliver mea S' at 10.15 a.m. and on Yom Kippur on-wheels fo the elderly at 11.30 a.m. MADE-TO-MEASURE PHOTOCOPIES Double knit Jersey wool and washable QUICK and RELIABLE of our community ? Succoth Services drip-dry coats, dresses, suits and trouser- (at the Belsize Sq. Synagogue) suits. Outsize our speciality. From £5'25p. inclusive material. Also customers' own GOLDERSTAT It is an easy and rewarding Evening at 6.30 p.m. material made up. Morning at 11 a.m. 'Phone : 01-455 5643 For information please contac 'Phone: 01-459 5817 S4 COLOCRS GARDENS, N.W.II Mrs. S. Panke (Kiddush after each Service in the 'Phone : 01 -254 5464 (S line*) Succah) Mrs. L. Rudotfer. 25 DOWNHAM ROAD, N.l AJR Offices. 624 9096/7

Published by the Association of Jewish Refugees in Great Britain, 8 Fairfax Mansions, London, N.W.3. 'Phone: 01-624 9096 (General Offic® Administration of Homes) ; 01-624 4449 (Employment Agency and Social Services Department). Printed at the Sharon Press, 61 Lilford Road, S.E.5.